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Phantom Power: Phantom power is a direct current (DC) voltage sent through a cable to power a device. It is used most commonly with condenser microphones but is sometimes used to power DI boxes and pedals. It is usually 48 volts but can be as low at 12. The microphone or other device will take as much voltage as it needs. The phantom power on the channel strip can be applied to the microphone input by pressing the +48V button. Sub (Bus to Channel): This switch is used to send the output from the bus to the channel path. 100Hz: This switch cuts any frequencies below 100Hz. -------------------------------------------------------------------Flip: This buttons swaps the source for the sidechain to the other signal path. RNGE: This switch increases the attenuation range of the gate from 15dB to 60dB. The SHUT LED lights up when the gate is shut. CH: This swaps the gate to the channel path. The IN button inserts the Noise Gate to the signal path and makes this section functional. A noise gate closes and cuts any frequencies when they drop below a chosen threshold. Gain Control: Gain is the level between the input level of a device to the mixer and the output level of the mixer into the speaker. The gain is usually in decibels and can go into negative numbers as well as positive numbers depending on whether you want to increase or decrease the volume. Line Switch: This selects the line input socket to switch from MIC to LINE. : This switch reverses the phase of the input to avoid phase cancellation. This occurs when two sound waves interfere with each other destructively and cancel out each other because the two inputs are different distances from the sound source. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------IN(FIL): This switch places a wide bandpass filter in the sidechain, with a centre frequency ranging from 70Hz to 4kHz by the FIL knob. THR: This is the threshold control which allows you to decide the opening point of the gate to be varied from -40dB to +10dB. REL: This is the release control which affects how long it takes for the gate to close ranging from 0.1 to 4 seconds. If the HOLD switch is pressed the release time is fixed at 0.1 seconds and the REL pot controls how long the hold time lasts for up to two seconds. Hold is the time delay between the signal going away and the gate starting to close. -------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------HF: This section is a shelving EQ and can boost or cut 15dB at a fixed frequency of 12kHz. MON: This switches it into the monitor path for mixdown. LF: This section is a shelving EQ and can boost or cut 15dB at a fixed frequency of 60Hz. --------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------

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HMF: This is a parametric EQ. You can select a frequency ranging from 600Hz - 12kHz and then boost or cut it by 15dB.

MON: This switches it into the monitor path for mixdown.

IN: The entire EQ section (HF/LF & HMF/ LMF) can be switched in or out with this switch. --------------------------------------------------------------------

LMF: This is a parametric EQ. You can select a frequency ranging from 100Hz - 2kHz and then boost or cut it by 15dB. ------------------------------------------------------------------------------

CH: Pressing this button sources them from the channel. POST: This switch determines whether the fader affects the level of the signal. If it is switched on, as the fader is turned up and down the signal going out of the aux send follows and also goes up and down. If it is not switched on it is pre-fader and changes you make with the fader wont affect the level of the aux send.

Auxiliary Sends: This is an electronic signalrouting output. The sends are split feeds of the track signal that can be sent to other units such as reverb and effects units that can be found on the outboard. It can also be used to send a headphone mix to the musician when recording. Aux 1 & 2 are primarily for foldback (stage monitors or headphone mixes) and are normally pre-fade. Aux 3 to 6 are intended for effects sends and are fixed in the monitor path and post fade.

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PFL(AFL): This switch gives the option of direct monitoring of the signal at either the input of the channel fader (PFL) or the output of the channel cut switch (AFL). CUT: This cuts the gain.

CH PAN: The CH PAN control determines the position of the signal within the stereo (L-R) image and routes the signal to any of the eight buses depending on which bus group is selected. Eg. Bus 1-2, if the pot was panned to the left it would be on bus 1, if the pot was panned to the right, it would be on bus 2. MIX: The mix switch routes the channel signal to the stereo mix bus. BUS GROUPS: These are used to send multiple signals to the same place for mixing.

CHANNEL FADER: This sets the level sent to the tape send, subgroup busses or mix. The fader has up to 10dB of gain.

BNCE: When this switch is pressed, the monitor path is moved from the mix bus and moved to feed the group routing switches. XFX: This moves the source point for the channel fader to post the monitor fader so that you can use the tape send or routing matrix and additional sends when mixing. REV: This switch swaps the function of the channel fader and the long-throw monitor fader.

BUSn: This sources the tape send from the group bus correspondent to the position of the switch. SEND: This switch routes the tape send to the monitor path which lets you hear the signal being sent to the tape. MON PAN: This pans the signal across the stereo bus, either left or right, at a level determined by the longthrow monitor fader. If panned to the left, the signal from that channel will be sent to the left monitor and vice versa. This is useful when mixing and layering to widen the sound.

SOLO: The solo button mutes all the other monitors.

CUT: This mutes the monitor path chosen. PEAK: This illuminates when there is less that 6dB of headroom remaining at three places in the signal chain; input pre-amp, the HF/LF EQ and the MF EQ sections. CH ACTIVE: This monitors the output of the input preamp and illuminates if the level exceeds -20dBu.

MUTE BUSSES: These are used to bus group together and then mute simultaneously. Eg. Switching on M1 for all drums can be useful when you want to hear the elements of the song without the drums.