Goal: Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger Targets by 2015: Reduce by half the proportion of people living on less

ss than a dollar a day. Reduce by half the proportion of people who suffer from hunger.

Reducing poverty starts with children. More than 30 per cent of children in developing countries about 600 million live on less than US $1 a day. Every 3.6 seconds one person dies of starvation. Usually it is a child under the age of 5. Poverty hits children hardest. While a severe lack of goods and services hurts every human, it is most threatening to childrens rights: survival, health and nutrition, education, participation, and protection from harm and exploitation. It creates an environment that is damaging to childrens development in every way mental, physical, emotional and spiritual. One than 1 billion children are severely deprived of at least one of the essential goods and services they require to survive, grow and develop. Some regions of the world have more dire situations than others, but even within one country there can be broad disparities between city and rural children, for example, or between boys and girls. An influx or tourism in one area may improve a countrys poverty statistics overall, while the majority remains poor and disenfranchised. Each deprivation heightens the effect of the others. So when two or more coincide, the effects on children can be catastrophic. For example, women who must walk long distances to fetch household water may not be able to fully attend to their children, which may affect their health and development. And children who themselves must walk long distances to fetch water have less time to attend school a problem that particularly affects girls. Children who are not immunized or who are malnourished are much more susceptible to the diseases that are spread through poor sanitation. Poverty exacerbates the effects of HIV/AIDS and armed conflict. It entrenches social, economic and gender disparities and undermines protective family environments. Poverty contributes to malnutrition, which in turn is a contributing factor in over half of the underfive deaths in developing countries. Some 300 million children go to bed hungry every day. Of these only eight per cent are victims of famine or other emergency situations. More than 90 per cent are suffering long-term malnourishment and micronutrient deficiency. The best start in life is critical in a childs first few years, not only to survival but to her or his physical, intellectual and emotional development. So these deprivations greatly hamper childrens ability to achieve their full potential, contributing to a societys cycle of endless poverty and hunger. Fulfilling childrens rights breaks that cycle. Providing them with basic education, health c are, nutrition and protection produces results of many times greater magnitude than these cost-effective interventions. Their chances of survival and of a productive future are greatly increased as are the chances of a truly fair and peaceful global society. UNICEF responds by: Building national capacities for primary health care. Around 270 million children, just over 14 per cent of all children in developing countries, have no access to health care services. Yet improving the

health of children is one responsibility among many in the fight against poverty. Healthy children become healthy adults: people who create better lives for themselves, their communities and their countries. Working in this area also helps to further Goal 4 to improve child survival rates. Helping the world's children survive and flourish is a core UNICEF activity, and immunization is central to that. A global leader in vaccine supply, UNICEF purchases and helps distribute vaccines to over 40 per cent of children in developing countries. Immunization programs usually include other costeffective health initiatives, like micronutrient supplementation to fight disabling malnutrition and insecticide-treated bed nets to fight malaria. Along with governments and non-governmental organizations at national and community levels, UNICEF works to strengthen local health systems and improve at-home care for children, including oral re-hydration to save the lives of infants with severe diarrhoea and promoting and protecting breastfeeding. Getting girls to school. Some 13 per cent of children ages 7 to 18 years in developing countries have never attended school. This rate is 32 per cent among girls in sub-Saharan Africa (27 per cent of boys) and 33 per cent of rural children in the Middle East and North Africa. Yet an education is perhaps a childs strongest barrier against poverty, especially for girls. Educated girls are likely to marry later and have healthier children. They are more productive at home and better paid in the workplace, better able to protect themselves against HIV/AIDS and more able to participate in decision-making at all levels. Additionally, this UNICEF activity furthers Goals 2 and 3: universal primary education and gender equality. To that end, UNICEF works in 158 countries, calling on development agencies, governments, donors and communities to step up efforts on behalf of education for all children, and then coordinating those efforts. Programmes differ from country to country according to needs and cultures, but may include help with funding, logistics, information technology, school water and sanitation, and a child- and gender-friendly curriculum.

Supporting good nutrition. UNICEF seeks to help stem the worst effects of malnutrition by funding and helping countries supply micronutrients like iron and vitamin A, which is essential for a healthy immune system, during vaccination campaigns or through fortified food. UNICEF, governments, salt producers and private sector organizations are also working to eliminate iodine deficiency, the biggest primary cause of preventable mental retardation and brain damage, through the Universal Salt Iodization (USI) education campaign. UNICEF also works through communities to talk with child caregivers about how to provide sound nutrition for children, particularly via breastfeeding. In emergency situations, UNICEF assesses the nutritional and health needs of affected people, protects and supports breastfeeding by providing safe havens for pregnant and lactating women, provides essential micronutrients, supports therapeutic feeding centres for severely malnourished children, and provides food for orphans. Assisting in water and sanitation improvement.

One in three children in the developing world more than 500 million children has no access at all to sanitation facilities. And some 400 million children, one in five, have no access to safe water. Meanwhile, unsafe water and sanitation cause about 4,000 child deaths per day. Through advocacy, funding and technical assistance, UNICEF works in more than 90 countries around the world to improve water supplies and sanitation facilities in schools and communities and to improve and promote safe hygiene practices. In emergencies UNCIEF provides safe water, and helps displaced communities replace or find new water resources and build latrines. Increasingly, UNICEF emphasizes preventive programs that strengthen the capacity of governments and partners to prepare for these worst case situations. Creating a protective child environment. Conflicts are most frequent in poor countries, especially in those that are ill governed and where there are sharp inequalities between ethnic or religious groups. An environment of unrest heightens the risk of abduction, sexual violence and exploitation of children, as well as the struggle for shelter, education and survival. Toward fulfilling a central goal of the Millennium Declaration, protection of the vulnerable, UNICEF advocates for awareness and monitoring of these issues, and for tougher laws for child exploiters. Working with individuals, civic groups, governments and the private sector in the field, UNICEF helps establish and strengthen local safety nets for children, like community child-care centers, schools, and basic social services. Advocating, raising awareness and helping effect policies for childrens well-being. Lastly, UNICEF complements these on-the-field activities with policy advocacy at every level of government. Spreading awareness and offering technical assistance, UNICEF aids countries in forming and effecting programs that help ensure childrens rights to survive and thrive. These include working with governments on developing broad national planning frameworks like Poverty Reduction Strategy Papers (PRSPs) and Sector-wide Approaches to Programming(SWAPs), which help countries and donors identify needs and form a results-based plan for change. These policies and programmes dont take shape in a void. Along with national committees, other UN agencies and international private groups, UNICEF helps countries carry out assessment research to define and measure child poverty, and then helps put a system in place to monitor results. Progress Some countries have made progress meeting this Goal, but success is mixed. India and China are on track to meet the income target at least, but in a classic example of national disparities, some 221 million people in India and 142 million in China are still chronically or acutely malnourished. More than half of undernourished people, 60 per cent, are found in Asia and the Pacific. Thirty per cent of infants born in South Asia in 2003 were underweight, the highest percentage in the world. Most sub-Saharan African countries will likely miss both targets. The region has 204 million hungry and is the only region of the world where hunger is increasing. More than 40 per cent of Africans can not even get sufficient food on a day-to-day basis.

Millennium Development Goals: Philippines Home > Philippines > Millenium Development Goals

Goal 1. Eradicate extreme poverty and hunger o Target 1. Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people whose income is less than one dollar a day o Poorest quintile's share in national income or consumption, per cent (WB) Population below $1 (PPP) per day consumption, percentage Population below national poverty line, rural, percentage Population below national poverty line, total, percentage Population below national poverty line, urban, percentage Poverty gap ratio Purchasing power parities (PPP) conversion factor, local currency unit to international dollar

Target 2. Halve, between 1990 and 2015, the proportion of people who suffer from Hunger Children under 5 moderately or severely underweight, percentage Children under 5 severely underweight, percentage Population undernourished, number of people Population undernourished, percentage

Goal 2. Achieve universal primary education o Target 3. Ensure that, by 2015, children everywhere, boys and girls alike, will be able to complete a full course of primary schooling Literacy rates of 15-24 years old, both sexes, percentage Literacy rates of 15-24 years old, men, percentage Literacy rates of 15-24 years old, women, percentage Net enrolment ratio in primary education, both sexes Net enrolment ratio in primary education, boys

Net enrolment ratio in primary education, girls Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5, both sexes Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5, boys Percentage of pupils starting grade 1 reaching grade 5, girls Primary completion rate, both sexes Primary completion rate, boys Primary completion rate, girls

Goal 3. Promote gender equality and empower women o Target 4. Eliminate gender disparity in primary and secondary education, preferably by 2005, and to all levels of education no later than 2015 Gender Parity Index in primary level enrolment Gender Parity Index in secondary level enrolment Gender Parity Index in tertiary level enrolment Seats held by men in national parliament Seats held by women in national parliament Seats held by women in national parliament, percentage Share of women in wage employment in the non-agricultural sector Total number of seats in national parliament Women to men parity index, as ratio of literacy rates, 15-24 years old

Goal 4. Reduce child mortality o Target 5. Reduce by two thirds, between 1990 and 2015, the under-five mortality rate Children 1 year old immunized against measles, percentage Children under five mortality rate per 1,000 live births Infant mortality rate (0-1 year) per 1,000 live births

Goal 5. Improve maternal health o Target 6. Reduce by three quarters, between 1990 and 2015, the maternal mortality ratio

Births attended by skilled health personnel, percentage Maternal mortality ratio per 100,000 live births

Goal 6. Combat HIV/AIDS, malaria and other diseases o Target 7. Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the spread of HIV/AIDS o AIDS deaths Condom use to overall contraceptive use among currently married women 15-49 years old, percentage Contraceptive use among currently married women 15-49 years old, any method, percentage Contraceptive use among currently married women 15-49 years old, condom, percentage Contraceptive use among currently married women 15-49 years old, modern methods, percentage Men 15-24 years old, who know that a person can protect himself from HIV infection by consistent condom use, percentage People living with HIV, 15-49 years old, percentage Ratio of school attendance rate of orphans to school attendance rate of non orphans Women 15-24 years old, who know that a healthy-looking person can transmit HIV, percentage Women 15-24 years old, who know that a person can protect himself from HIV infection by consistent condom use, percentage

Target 8. Have halted by 2015 and begun to reverse the incidence of malaria and other major diseases Tuberculosis death rate per 100,000 population Tuberculosis detection rate under DOTS, percentage Tuberculosis prevalence rate per 100,000 population Tuberculosis treatment success rate under DOTS, percentage

Goal 7. Ensure environmental sustainability o Target 9. Integrate the principles of sustainable development into country policies and programmes and reverse the loss of environmental resources

Carbon dioxide emissions (CO2), metric tons of CO2 per capita (CDIAC) Carbon dioxide emissions (CO2), thousand metric tons of CO2 (CDIAC) Consumption of all Ozone-Depleting Substances in ODP metric tons Consumption of ozone-depleting CFCs in ODP metric tons Energy use (Kg oil equivalent) per $1,000 (PPP) GDP Land area covered by forest, percentage Protected area to total surface area, percentage Protected areas, sq. km.

Target 10. Halve by 2015 the proportion of people without sustainable access to safe drinking water Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, rural Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, total Proportion of the population using improved drinking water sources, urban Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, rural Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, total Proportion of the population using improved sanitation facilities, urban

Target 11. By 2020 to have achieved a significant improvement in the lives of at least 100 million slum dwellers Slum population as percentage of urban, percentage Slum population in urban areas

Goal 8. Develop a global partnership for development o Target 15. Deal comprehensively with the debt problems of developing countries through national and international measures in order to make debt sustainable in the long term o Debt service as percentage of exports of goods and services and net income from abroad

Target 16. In cooperation with developing countries, develop and implement strategies for decent and productive work for youth Ratio of youth unemployment rate to adult unemployment rate, both sexes

Ratio of youth unemployment rate to adult unemployment rate, men Ratio of youth unemployment rate to adult unemployment rate, women Share of youth unemployed to total unemployed, both sexes Share of youth unemployed to total unemployed, men Share of youth unemployed to total unemployed, women Share of youth unemployed to youth population, both sexes Share of youth unemployed to youth population, men Share of youth unemployed to youth population, women Youth unemployment rate, aged 15-24, both sexes Youth unemployment rate, aged 15-24, men Youth unemployment rate, aged 15-24, women

Target 18. In cooperation with the private sector, make available the benefits of new technologies, especially information and communications Internet users Internet users per 100 population Personal computers Personal computers per 100 population Telephone lines and cellular subscribers Telephone lines and cellular subscribers per 100 population