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F\nv ASn ]nv s]mhpw AXn\\pkcnv

hhpw Ipbpw sIm aoibpw D|pw cmLh
tat\m F t]cpamsWn Rms\s\ Cs
tmse IpnIfpw henbhcpsamap kZns\ t\mn
Sm ]Sw ]S]Sw ]Sw Fpw apap hnUvVn Ipn
ssIbpw Iemihpw Imn DdssNmn cknpw.
F\nXmtemNnmt\ h. Rms\s Irn\v ]mI
nep IppnbmbXv \mbn.
Xfncv amv 2013

t-\b-p-w Ah
\-n-nc-n t-hZ-\-b-m-p-w-!
Fd he-n-s-b-mc-p
s-I-m Ah
\-n-nc-nb-ns--mc-p h-v
Fd s-N d-n-b -h -t -\ b-p-w
Ah
t-\-n-s--m-p \S--p-w.
Fs \mSv Fs `mj
F N-n Ih-ns-b AS-n
`c-n--p--p. B[-p-\-nI aeb-m-f-n-b-ps-S Ae-k-Xb-p-w
BU-w-_-c-{-`ah-p-w A\-y-`-mj-m--h-p-w ]c-n-l-m-k--p-ht-b-ms-S h-nai-n--p C-u
Ih-nX {-i-n--q.
t-e-mI--n-s-e--pt-a
s-N-p
]-ng-b-v-m Ig-n-t-h-d-nt-b-m

ae-b-m-f--n-e-p-t--mc-p
a-m\-p-j al-n-X-m-i-b
k-zt-Z-i-p-w h-nt-Z-i-nb
t-hj-w s-I-n ck-n--h
k-z-w I-p-v h-nt-Zi-n-p
-mb-n--m-W-m s-I-mX-n-h
h-ni-za-m\-ht-\ X-ms-\
-pZ-vt-L-m-j-n-p \S--h
h-ni-z-w X-ps-S I-p-mb
-oi-b-m-b-n-s--S-p--h
C-c--n-s-e-g-p-t--mc-p
ae-b-mf-n Pb-n--nt-X
F-m-e-hs- \-mS-mb
t-Icf-w ]-m-d-m-h-nt-X
"I]-S-t-e-m-I--n-e-m-m-a-m-s-b-mc-p l-rZ-b-a-p-m-b-X-m-s-W ]c-m-Pb-w.-'
F-p Npg ]-mS-pt--m

Hcp IppnY: Hcp Znhkw Hcp Xhf B\bpsS

\mep Imepw NpnmSn Xpnssbn\p apn
sNncppsIm|v tatmp t\mn B\tbmSp
]dp: /Bt\, F\np \ns XnWw./
/Xntmfq!/ /AXn\v \o F\np Xnm ]mIn sNdp
XmhWw./ /Bcpw BtcmSpw sNdpXmhm ]dbcpXv.
Fs Xnm tamlaps|n \o AXn\p
Xhw hepXmhpIbmWp th|Xv./
/AsX\nv Cu Pw km[ntym?/
B\bpsSbpw XhfbpsSbpw kw`m
jWw tIpsIm|v B hgnh
Hcp ]mv XhftbmSp ]dp:
/Xhtf, \o Fs hmbtbm
hepXmWv. Fnpw Rm \ns
Xnpnt!/

I]-S -t -e -m-I - -n-s -e - -ps-S

I-m]-S-y-w
kI-ec-p-w I-m-X-ms-W ]c-m-Pb-w
F-mW-p I-p-p-n
]-w.

Ippn Xm ]Tnn kvIqfpIfn Ipsdmew

kvIuvamjmbncpt{X? Imn bqWnt^mdhpw
kvIm^pw \o| hnkn hnfnbpambn ssaXm\a[yv
\np Ihnsb Hp kev]npt\mq. Imen
_qSvkn tItm. A[nIrX Hcnfhv A\phZnXmWv.

F-p-w \-m-I-m
\-nj-vT-t-hW-w F-p
\-nj-vIj-n--p Ih-n
h-a-m-\-I-m-e- c-m{--obs- h-ne-b-n-c-p--p--X-n-s-\.
c-m-k-\-n \-n-v-c-m
Z-p-n \-n-v j-vS-v
]-od-b-n \-n-v d
C-u-b-n \-n-v C-u
a-mb--n \-n-v b-w
c-m{--ob-w
s-Nd-nb s-Nd-nb
hc-n-I... he-nb he-nb
Zi-\- AX-m-b-n-c-p-p
I-p-p--n--h-nX. t-hd-n
hg-n-b-n-e-qs-S k-c-n-v
I-mh-y-t-e-m-I-v Xt--X-mb
-m\-w Is---nb Hb-m-\mb Ih-n. k-ua-yh-p-w
Z-o]-vX-h-p-a-mb B hc-n-I
C-p-w t-e-mI-s-a--m-S-p-a-p
ae-b-m-f-n-I-f-ps-S s-N-mS-n-If-n-e-p--v. "he-nb t-e-mI-w
\-m--m s-Nd-nb k-q{-X-w
s-N-m-n-' \S Ih-ns-b
I-p-n-Is- I-p-n-w
h-nS-m a-pX-n-h-p-w
Gs-d ]Y-y-a-m-b-n-c-p--t--m.
amv 2013 Xfncv

11

IY

dpao\ F
s]Ipn
hn Zneo]v

Ip
12

n-Isf
BsWpw
s]spw thXncnp hfp-Xv
dpao-\bvn-a.
Bp-n-smcp \oXn,
s]p-n-smcp
\oXn... Fsms
tIms Ahp
Ien-I-b-dpw. Fmw
mn ]Tn-p-- Hcp
Ipn-bmWv Xms\-Xp
t]mepw adv Ah
Nnetm s]mn-s-dnt-pw.

""a\p-jy AhcpsS Al-m-cw-sImv
Dm-p Hmtcm
\nb-a-fmsZm-s. \
a\p-jycv Hcn-epw Hcnepw C-s\-sbmpw
Nnntw IqSn C.
temI-nev BWpw
thWw s]pw thWw.
Hcp Iq am{X-am-bm
AXv thtdtXm temImbn-tm-hpw. Btem-Nnp
t\mnsb; s]n-m-s\ym BWvmzm?''

dpao-\-bpsS ]pXnb
Xz-imkv{Xw tIv AhfpsS hop-Im Dds
Nncn-pw. Dbpw Dbpw
A\n-b dkqepaps-

Xfncv amv 2013

Sp--XmWv Ah-fpsS hoSv.

Ghpw henb Nncn- Nn-cnpI D ap\o-dm-Wv. Hcp
ss{]hv _nse I-dmWv ap\o. "kpm\'
Fp t]cp _m-Wv.
Nne {Snp-I-fn dpao-\-

""s tamsfmcp kpm\-bm. \ Adnhpw Nnmti-jnbpw temIs

a\-n-em-m-\p Ignhpw
Hs- kpm-\.''
ap\o Nm-Xn-am-tcmSv
Nnesmsgmw ]d-p.
`mcy kq\n-a-tbmSv A-s\bv ]d-bm-dn-. ]d-m
Nne-tm:
""mepw Hmsfmcp s]pym. asmcp IpSpw_w
t\mm-s\m-tm-fm. ]pmcnv Bp-tymsf-tmse
hfn-bmev Ffpw Dtmthm Ah-fqSn?'' Fp
tNmZn-t-pw.
""m-hpw. Hmtf-s-W
]pm-t-tmSv Rm

Ip-n-Is-f Bs-W-p-w s-]s--p-w t-hX-n-c-n-p

hfp-X-v d-pa-o-\b-v-n-a. B-p--n-s--mc-p \-oXn,
s-]-p--n-s--mc-p \-oX-n... Fs--ms- t-I-ms-
Ah-p Ie-n-I-b-d-p-w. F-m-w -m-n ]T-n--p--Hc-p
I-p-n-b-mW-v X-ms-\-X-p t-]-me-p-w ad-v Ah N-net--m
s-]-m-n-s--d-n-t---p-w.

sbbpw ap\o sImp-t]mIpw. Dbpw tamfpw ap

bm{X-m-cp-samw tNv
]te IY-I ]dpw
Nnd IS--Y-I ]dpw
Hs-bp Dm-k-bm-{X-Ifm-Ip-a-Xv.

dpao-\-bpsS G-hpa-Sp kplrv D ap\odp-X-s. Ahcv Xn
]d-bm h-am-\-fn-. kSw hmepw
ktmjw hmepw dpao\-bvXv D-bpsS sNhnbn-se-n-m-te-bpq
Ccn--sm-dp-Xn. ap\o-dn\pw
A-s\-X-s.

]dbpw. tw sImtmWw
sf IpSp-tv...
AhsS shw tImcmw,
sXn\p XS-sa-Sp-mw,
Am-So t]mbn-h-cmw.
mepw \nss tamsf
Itm-n-cn-mtem.''
{]tXy-I -`m-h-n ap\o
Cs\ adp-]Sn ]d-bptm
kq\na ]nW-pw. dpao-\bvm-hs Atm s\nsemcp kSw hnpw. "s
D, s D-bmWv F\n-smw. Fs ]S-tm! s
D Hcn-epw ssmv
k-S-s-S-cp-tX. s Dow
k-S-s-S-cp-tX, s A\n-

b dkqepw Hcp-]m-hm,
Ah\pw k-S-s-S-cptX!'
A-s\-sbm-s-bp
dpao-\-bpsS ]pXnb "Xzimkv{Xw'
"s]n-mv
BWvmhq'
tam ]d Cu ham\w kq\na Xs IqpImcn Pqss_-Z-tbmSv
]d-p. sXm-b-mWv Pqss_-ZbpsS IpSpw-_w.
`mhv laoZv CeIv{So-jy-\m-Wv. Fpw
{_mn-Ip-Snp hv
Pqss_-Zsb Xpw.
Xn-sm-m-dm-pw.
""icym dpao\
]d--Xv. ]t-nev
sS BWvfptm
sZms k-Xn-pX-cv?''
Pqss_Z s\m-ctmsS kq\n-asb
t\mnd-p.
astm ]d-bp--Xn\nsS Ah Xs
lao-Zn-t\mSpw Cu
Imcyw ]d-bp-I-bpm-bn.
""B ap\o-dn\pw Hms
tampw s\mmW.v
As-ns\ BWns\-tmse hfn
Hm Xym shSmp--Xv.''laoZv
]p-tmsS ]dp.
Ap cm{Xn-bn-emWv.
Pqss_-Z-bpsS PohnX-nse B \in
\nan-j-ap-m-b-Xv.
GtXm Hcp s]ns
ssIbpw ]nSn-p-hv
\nv laoZv
]d-t{X,
""Cp-ap-X Chfpw

s `mcy. \nbn-hsf
\mbn t\m-Ww.''
Fm-WnZv? DSp-p-amdWt]mse `mcy-amsc
amtz? Hcm-fpsS tZl-hpambn AXp-hsc tNpIn-S DSp-n-\p-t]mepw
Hcp hyn-Xz-ap-sv
Nnn-zt \ a\p-jy
sNtXv?
Ppss_-Z-bpsS Dbpw

Dbpw ]d--dnv
dpao-\bvv hm
tZjyhpw ZpxJhpw tXmn.
CsXms lpt? BWmsW lpv?
Xs kzImcyUb-dnbn Ah Xepw
hnepw Fsm-stbm
Fgp-Xn. Fgp-Xn-b-Xn-semsbpw Ipn-h-f-n-ep-ap-m-bn. D-bpsS X-

hc: kp\n AtimI]pcw

13

amv 2013 Xfncv

14

-ns- aW-h-p-a-p--m-b-n.
D-ms- I-p-n--m-S-n-b-ps-S
Aca-p-mb-n....
I-oc-v h-oW-v HS-p-h-n
Fg-p-v \\--t--m
Ah t-]\ ]-q-n.
AS-p Z-nhk-w
"k-p-m\-' b-n D-mt-b-m-s-S-m-w d-pa-o-\-b-p-a-p-m-b-n. b-mZ-r--n-I-a-mb-n
AX-n la-oZ-v...
I-qs-S ]-pX-nb `-mc-y.
d-pa-o-\s-b IX-p-w
la-oZ-v Xs- `-mc-ys-b
t-I-n--m-s-\t--m-W-w. ""BW-ns-\-t--ms-e BI-m
t-\-m-p s-]-ns-\
I-mW-t-W-m. Z-m It--m-'-'
At--m d-pa-o\ Hc-p
s-]k-n-w-l-s-t--ms-e c-q]-w a-md-n. c-q]-w
ia-mb-n. Cs-\:
Xfncv amv 2013

""AX-n\-v C-s-f-mc-p
BW-m? Hc-mW-v C\-y-m?
BZ-y-w Cf-v Hc-p a\-p-t-j\-mh-v. ]-ns- R-m\-mh-m-w.-'-'
_-n \-nd s-s-IbS-n
i-a-p--m-b-n. la-oZ-v Ad-nb-ms-X Xe-X-m-g-v-n-t--m-b-n.
Xs- `-m-h-n\-p-w
]-pX-nb `-mc-yb-v-p-w t-hh-n[-w a-m-]-qh-w h-o-pt-P-me-nI s-N-p
P-qs-s-_-Z-t-b-mS-p-w A-p
s-s-hI-o-v d-pa-o\ t-N-mZ-n-p:
""m-m-, C-v
t-Zj-y-w hc-v-nt-? Cs-f
h-y-nX-z-w \-s--S-p-q-v t-X-m-vW-vt--z Cs--mc-p A`-n-a-m-\-t-_-m[-w
t-X-m-vW-vt--m?-'-'
""R-ms-\-mc-p s-]-m-b-nt--m-b-nt- d-pa-o\-m? s-hd-p-w
s-]-v...?-'-'
P-qs-s-_Z I-o-s-c-m-g-p-

-p-X-p I-t--m
Hc-p Xh-W-I-qS-n d-pa-o\
s-]k-n-w-l--ns- c-q]-w
]-q-p. c-q]-w i-a-mb-n
Cs-\:
""Cf-v s-]-m?
s-]-vf-v C\-y-m?
Bc-m ]d-t-, s-]-pf-v Cs-\ t-hW-w-v?-'-'
A-p -c-m{-X-n D-a-p-\-od-ns- s-\-n a-pJ-w
t-N-v k-S-t--ms-S
d-pa-o\ ]d-p:
""BW-vf-v BW-vf-p-w
s-]-vf-v s-]-p-f-p-w
BI-p Hc-p I-me-w
hc-vt--mt-g D-ms- t-a-mf-v
d-pa-o\ k-p-m-\-b-m-I-q...
A-s-\-mc-p I-me-w hc-pa-m-b-n-c-n--p-w... hc-p-a-m-b-n-c-n-p-w... At- D-m...?-'-'

-t-hK-w h-m
\-ns- s-hb-v-v s-Nb-vX-v
R-m I-ps-d -t-\-c-a-mb-n
Ch-ns-S \-n-p--p.
M-p-w... F-p-]-n...?

H-p-w ]d-b
ShI S-y-qj-!
sp
b
Cd--m t-\c-v A
-m-d-n-t--p-w
F-p-w ]{-X-w- h-m-b-n-
-y-f-p-w...-!
Z
m
N
t
e
n
N
w
p
a

F Sn cmPohv

-m--c-a-mb-n
AX-n\-v \-o H
-p--nt-?-!
S-y-qj\-v t-]-mI
-m-v

sk-md-n
-m...?
W
tm
a
t-a-mi

H-m As-\...
AX-n\-v \-o ]{-X-w
h-mb-n--m-d-n-t--S-o...-!
\ k-q-n--m
\-v \-v.
t-_-mb-v{-^--vk-n-t-\-mS-v
Hc-p ]c-n-[-n-b-n
I-qS-p-X CS-]-g-I-c-pX-v.

t-lb-v AX-s-S-n.... s-]-m-o...

s-]I-p--n-I
k-q-n-Ws-a-v...-!
_-n t-]-mI-p-t--m-,
S-y-qj\-v t-]-mI-p-t--m-,
IS-b-n t-]-mI-p-t--m,
a-p--h-t-c-mS-v
CS-]-g-I-p-t--m...
I-me-w hfs-c t-a-mi-a-m...

t-_-mb-v{-^--vk-n-t-\-mS-v a-m{-X-a
t-K{-^-vk-n-t-\-mS-p-w A{-X
AS-p-w t-hs--m Ahc-v
]d-b-pt-. Ahc-p-w ]{-X-w
h-mb-n--p--p-t-...

amv 2013 Xfncv

15

^o

ssZh-ns kzw \mSv

acp-`q-an-bm-hp-I-bmtWm?
Fkv imn

tI

cfw B t]cp Xs \psS a\-n DWn-bncp Hcp Nn{X-ap-v. B{Zhpw \nXy-l-cn-X-hp-amb

Cm-Sns apJw. Hgp-Ip, Ae-I-fmbn Cf-Ip-, Bdp-I-fpw
hn-Ifpw Imb-ep-Ifpw No\-h-e-Ifpw taL-fpw hb-ep-Ifpw
Ipf-fpw ae-Ifpw IS-p-d-fpw sXpw ]-ns \m\m-hWfpw Fm-ap \n-e-am-hm Hcp kp-c-Zr-iyw. Cu Nn{Xw
Cn-m-Xm-hp-p. Hma- am{X-ambn HXp-p-p.
Cy-bpsS av {]tZ-i--fn \np hyXy-kvX-amWv tIcf-ns `q{]-Ir-Xnbpw ]cn-n-Xnbpw. sXp hSv 580 In.ao.
\of-nepw Ingv ]Sn-mdv icm-icn 50 In.ao. hoXn-bn-ep-ap
Hcp \mS t]mse InS-p \mSmWv tIc-fw. ]Sn-mdv eZzo]p IS-en\pw Ingv ]n-a-L ae-\n-c-I-fnse Ghpw Dbcw
IqSnb sXt A-n\pw CS-bvp AXoh ssPh-k---Xbp Hcp {]tZ-i-am-Wn-Xv. ]n-a-L--\ncI Um ]oT-`q-anbn \nv tIc-fs ]mcn-n-Xn-I-ambpw kmwkvIm-cn-I-ambpw
thXn-cn-p-p.
`mc-X
- n Ghpw ag Inp {]tZi
-
- f
- n sSp HmWv
tIc-fw. icm-icn 3000 ann-ao--dn-\pta Bn ag Inp \psS
\mn hc Hcp ncw Ah--bm-hp-I-bm-Wv. Cu A{]nbkXyw \apv kzoI-cnm {]bm-k-am-Wv.
Ftm-sg-nepw kw`hn-m-hp Hcp {]IrXn-tm-`-sav am{Xw
IcpXn hc-bpsS
a q [- \ y - n Z p c n Xm-izm-k-\-S-]-Sn-I
s s I s m - m - \ m W v
\mw { i a n - p - - X v .
]t 1983 \p tijw
F m t h \- e n e p w
Nne-t m P\p-hcn
amkw apX Xs,
hc Hc p n c w
`mh-a m bnon-c npp tIc-f-n.
Imew sNp-tmdpw
Cu Zpc-h IqSpX
-

16

Xfncv amv 2013

IqSp-X ITn-\-am-hp-Ibp-am-Wv. Fn-cp-mepw

ag-mew hopw hcptm Cu \mSv ]-n s
Bh-cWw AWnb
- p t-
m
Ign hcsb adp
hopw \ sXmb
`qhn-\n-tbm-K-n-tepw
Pohn-Xs
- si-en-If
- n-tepw
Xncn-p-t]m-hp-p.

FmWv \psS
\mSn\p
kw`-hn-p-Xv ?

P\-Po-hn-Xhpw Pehpw
Pem-i-b-fpw ]pg-I-fps a m w X n hfs c
K m V- a m b _- a p
Hc p \ m S m W v t I c- f w .
]pg-I-fm \nan--s-, ag-m-Sp-I-fm k--am--s Hcp
\mSv. tIhew 580 Intem-ao- \of-n InS-p Cu sNdnb
\mn 44 ]pg-I-fmWv Hgp-Ip--Xv. Cu \mn-se-hn-sSbpw sXp
\np hS-tmv k-cn-m ]tm ]Xn-\tm Intem-ao--dn
Hp shv \apv ]pg-Isf ImWmw. Cub-Sp Imew hsc
sXfnv Fm-ehpw Pe-sam-gp-n-bn-cp ]pg-I. tIc-f-k-aqls Iqn-bn-W-p-Ibpw GIm--I-amb kzXzw \Ip-Ibpw
sNp-Xv \psS ]pg-I-fm-Wv. AXn-cp-I-fn ]pg-Ifpw tXmSpI-fp-ap "Ic' IfpsS ASn-m-\-n-em-bn-cpp {]mtZ-in-Ihpw
kmwkvIm-cn-I-hp-amb \psS X\-Xp-tZ-iob hyn-Xz-
\ne-\n-n-cp--Xv. \psS aX-fpw `mjbpw kmln-Xyhpw
D-h-fpw `qan-]-cn-N-c-W-ns Xmf-fpw sFXn-ly-fpw
Ncn-{Xhpw \nXy-Po-hn-X-N-cy-I-fp-samw Cu sNdnb in-tbdnb ]pg-I-fm \\p hfn-b-h-bm-bn-cp-p. AtX-k-abw
Pe-k-ar--amb Cu `qan-bpsS ]mcn-n-Xn-I-tem-e-Xbpw ]cn-anXn-Ifpw \mbn a\-n-em-n-b-h-cm-bn-cpp \. Hcp Xpn
shw t]mepw ]mgm-msX Pew D]-tbm-Kn-m-\p \psS
Inn Xs hnth-I-ns e-W-am-Wv. Imhp-sh-n-bm
Ipfw hp-sapw Pe-{]-hm-l-sf XSp-m-t\m, Xncn-p-hnSmt\m ]mSn-spw \mw hniz-kn-n-cp-p. ]t CsXmw Cv
]g--Y. amth-en-bpsS IY-t]mse Fs-t-p-ambn aad `qX-Im-ew.

17

\mw \psS ]pg-Isf sImp-I-bm-Wv

44 ]pg-I-fp tIc-f-\m-Sn\v Hscm Poh-\p ]pg-t]mepw
Cn-. ]e ]pg-Ifpw IS-en Fm-Xm-bnv hj--fm-bn.
km-n-I-hn-I-k-\-n-sbpw \K-c-h-c-W-n-sbpw
s]cp-dsIm Co \mSns Zo\-amb ico-c-ns ]pd-pamv 2013 Xfncv

18

ag--m-S-p-Is-f A\-p-I-c-n--p kk-y

-s-s-h-h-n[-yk--a-mb ]d--p-If-p-w I-rj-nb-n-S-f-p-w d-d-n-s-t-b-m s-X-n-s-t-b-m
GI-h-n-f-t--m---f-mb-n a-md-n-bX-p-w s-\
h-b-e-p-If-p-w I-pf-f-p-w I-mb-t-e-m-c-f-p-s-a-m-w P\-h-m-k-t-I{---f-mb-n a-mdnbX-p-w t-Ic-f--ns- hc-s-bb-p-w
ac-p-h-c-W-s-b-p-w c-q-a-m--n.
tI-dn-bmWv \ \S-p--Xv. Cu \mSv
acn-m XpS-n-bXv \psS ]pg-I-fpsS
\nXm--amb Hgpp \ne--tm-gm-Wv. agm-ev Ic-I-hn-sm-gpIn \miw hnXbvp \psS ]pg-I ag \np-tm
Xs Hgpp \nev hn hc-p-t]m-hpp. \sS ]pg-Iv Cu KXn hcm
ImcWw Ah-bpsS Pe-kw-`-c-W-{]-tZ-i-amb
]n-a-L--P-e-\n-c-I-fnse ag-m-Sp-I
\in-n--s--Xp-sIm-m-Wv. ag-m-Sp-Isf
A\p-I-cn-p kky-ss
h-hn[yk--amb
]d-p-Ifpw Irjn-bn-S-fpw d-dn-stbm
sXn-stbm GI-hn-f-tm---fmbn amdnbXpw s\h-b-ep-Ifpw Ipf-fpw Imbtem-c--fp-samw P\-hm-k-tI-{--fmbn
amdn-bXpw tIc-f-ns hc-sbbpw
acp-h-c-W-sbpw cq-am-n. \psS
asmw i-amb ag-bv Hen-p-t]m-bncn-p-p. kqcy-Xm-]-n \nv ans\
kwc-n
- p kkym h
- c
- Ww Fmb
- n S- pw
\in-n--s-Sp-I-bm-Wv. Hcp Xpn Pew
t]mepw an-te-n-d-m A\p-h-Zn-m
Xc-n tIm{Io-n-\-Sn-bn-em-p-I-bmWv
Xfncv amv 2013

\psS hoSp-I-fpsS apw t]mepw. _mnbp am-Is Pe-kw-`-c-W-tijn \-sXpw cmk-h-f--fmepw IoS-\m-in-\n-I-fmepw
hnj-en-]vX-hp-am-bn-cn-p-p. Pem-i-b-fpw
\ZoXo-c--fp-samw \apv \psS Jc-am-en\y- sImp-X-m-\p ]mgv\ne--fm-Wv.
tIc-f-nse ]pg-Ifpw Pem-i-b-fpw
Irjn-`q-an-bpsampw acn-p-I-b-, adnv
\ma-hsb sImsm-Sp-p-I-bm-Wv. hInS
AW-s-p-Ifpw ]pg-o-cs kkym-h-cWw
\in-nv \nan Is-p-Ifpw aWhmcepw aen\
- o I
- c
- W
- h
- p s
- a
mw \psS ]pg-If
- p sS
\mi-ns Bw Iqn. \psS ]pg-I
ImWm\pw apn-p-fn-m\pw ayw ]nSnm-\p-samw F-s\-bm-bn-cp-p-shtm
Ah F-s\-bmWv s]cp-am-dn-bn-cp--sXtm
\ap-nv Hma-bn-. `qanv hf-qdv X
Ime-hj-m-es {]f-b-fpw th\mes im-amb hnip-nbpw XWppw \mw
ad-n-cn-p-p. ]pg-I-fnse ao\pw \o\mbpw
s]mm\pw {]f-b-k-a-Xe NXp-p-I-fp-samw
Cv Ahy--amb Hma-I am{Xw.

tIc-f-sat hc-|p-W-pp?
a\p-jy-Po-hn-X-n\p th{X sh-an-m-Xm-Wtm hc-bmbn \mw Nn{Xo-I-cn-p-I.
Hcp {]tZ-i-ns `q{]-IrXn{]tXy-I-X-I
Fs\ Ahn-Ss Pe-Nw-{I-a-Ws
\nb-{n-pp F-X-\p-k-cn-mhpw AhnsS
a\p-jy hcp-n-sh-p hcbpw shsm-hpw acp-h-c-Whpw. tIc-f-ns

Ncn-{X-nse Ghpw cq-amb hcbpsS hj--fnt]mepw \apv icm-icn

2500 ano-ao--dn-\p-ta ag Inn-bn-cp-p. CXv
Cy-bpsS icm-icn hj-]m-X-s-mfpw
temIs icm-icn ag-sb-mfpw F{Xtbm
IqSp-X-emWv. AXp-sIm-p-Xs ag Ipd-hmb-Xp-sIm-mWv \psS \mSv hc-_m[n-X-am-hp--Xv Fp ]d-bm-\m-hn-. adnv
ag-bpsS Ime-{I-a-ns {]tXy-I-X-Ifpw
Pe-Nw-{I-a-W-ns Xmfhpw \mw Pew D]tbm-Kn-p coXn-Ifpw `qan-bn hcp-p
am-fpw Fmw tNv Hcp {]Xn-k-n -Lw
Dm-n-sbp thWw ]d-bm.

tIc-f-nse ag
tIcfw Hcp DjvW-ta-Jem akq {]tZi-am-Wv. `qa-[y-tc-J-bv-Sp-m-b-Xp-sImv
\psS \mn cm-Ie
- p I
- f
- p sS ssZ Ly
- n
G-p-d-n-ep-I-fn-. A-co Xm]-\n-ebn cmhn\pw ]I-en\pw Xn Imcy-amb
hyXym-k-an-. Bn th\m-ehpw
ag-m-ehpw sNdn-sbmcp XWp-p-Im-ehpw
hopw th\m-ehpw am{X-ta-bp p \apv
EXp--fm-bn.
akq AYhm Ime-hj-{]-tZiw
Fm ag Bn Nne {]tXy-I-k-a-b-fn am{Xta Dq Fw. tIc-f-n-emsW-n Pq--Pq -embv B-Kv amk--fnse
CS-h-mXn ag-m-ehpw HIvtSm-_ \hw-_
amkfnse Xpemh
- j Ime-hp a
- m Wv \psS
ag-m-e-. icm-icn 5 amkw agbpw 7

amkw ag-bn-m Ah-bpw. tIc-f-nse

icm-icn hj-]mXw Bn 3000 an.ao.
BWv. AXm-bXv tIc-f-n s]p ag
apgp-h hmp-t]m-hmsX Xn-\n-m
\psS `qan 3 ao sh-n-\-Sn-bn-em-bncnpw Fw.

ag-bn \np-am-{X-amtWm Pew?

ag-ta-L- XWpv hmX-I-cq-]-n-ep
Pew {Zmh-I-cq-]-n-embn `qan-bn ]Xn-p-Xm-W-tm ag. Fm ag-am-]n-\n-bn
tcJ-s-Sp-m-\m-hm Xc-n Gsd Pew
hjw apgp-h an Fp-p-v. kky-fn \np _mjv]o-I-cWneq-sSbpw
kkyt- k
z Z- \
-
- n e
- q s
- S bpw A-co
-
- n t- e
v
Dbs-p Pew `qan-bn-tev XncnsI
L\o-`-hn-s-p-p. aqSa-mbpw Xpna-g-bmbpw Xpjm-c-_n-p--fmbpw [mcmfw
shw `qan-bn-se-p -p. kkym-h-c-W-ns
\n_nU
- X Ipd-bp tIc-f
- n ag-bn
- mamk-fn \apv Inn-bn-cp ta-d
B{Z-Xbpw \oscm-gppw Cm-Xm-hp-p.

h\-\m-ihpw hcbpw
tIc-f-nse kzm`m-hn-I-h-\- \nXy-l-cnX-kz-`m-h-ap DjvW-ta-J-e, B{Z-h-\-
AYhm ag-m-Sp-I BWv. \mep hnXm-\-fmbn kky-h-f-bp Ccw ImSp-I
`qan-bpsS D]-cn-X-es kqcy-c-ivan-Ifn
\npw Imn \npw ag-p-n-I-fpsS

amv 2013 Xfncv

19

BLm-X-n \npw Imp-kq-n-pp. ImSn-s-bp-nse B{Z-amb A-co-nepw ASn-m-nse anepw an\p

apI-fnse Ce-Ifpw apw {Zhn-p-m-hp
lyqa-n-ep-samw ]c-am-h[n \\hv kw`-cn-s-Sp-p. tIc-f-ns `qhn-kvXr-Xn-bpsS
]IpX
- n t- b
m fw hcp ]na
- L
- - a
- e
- \
- n c
- I
- f
- n se
ag-m-Sp-I-fn \nmWv tIc-f-nse an
]pg-Ifpw P-sa-Sp-p--Xv. Cu ImSp-I-fpsS
\miw \psS \Zn-I-fpsS \mi-n\pw Imemh--bp-sSbpw ag-bp-sSbpw XmfwsX-en\pw
ans ac-W-n\pw Imjn-I--Ipw
acp-h-c-W-n\pw Imc-W-am-bn. XppXp-m--s tijn h\-v Ah
sNt-p ]mcn-n-Xn -I-tk-h-\- Hpw
\nd-th-m-\m-hp-n-.

20

av--P-ew--ssP-h-ssh-hn[yw
`qan-bpsS D]-cn-X-e-n shw kw`-cnm G-hp-a-[nIw Ignhv an-\m-Wv. {Zhn
]md-sm-Snbpw ssPhmw-ihpw tNp-
av AXn-k-oW-amb Bhm-k-hy-h-bmWv. AXns kqvaL-S-\bpw cmk-{]tXy-I-X-Ifpw shw kw`-cn-m klmb-I-c-am-hp-p. anX-cn-In-S-bn-ep
kqva-kp-jn-c--fnepw anse Ifn-a-ns
sImtfm-bv-U IWn-I-I-fm cmk-_-nspw [mcmfw Pew kw`-cn--s-SpXfncv amv 2013

p. Poh \nd \ an-\p- ]ina

AXnse ssPhmwiw Dsm \\-hm-Wv.
ans D]-cn-X-e-n sh-sa-p
kabw F{X \ofp-pthm A{Xbvv IqSp-X
sh-apsm-m an\p Ignbpw. agpn ac-e
-
- s
- n b tijw Ce-If
- n
\nv Ce-If
- n t- e
v Cn- p h
- o Wv ac-S- n b
- n e
- q sS
Hen-n-dn sas am{Xta an-se-m-hq.
[mcmfw Ce-mp ImSn\pw ImSns\
A\p-I-cn-p _lp-hnf Irjn-`q-an-p-am-Wv.
tIc-f-n Pew kw`-cn-m-\m-bn-cp--Xv.
ImSpw Imhpw then--Sp-Ifpw hb-tem-c-fnse kkym-h-c-Whpw tXmnI-c-bnse
ssIX-q-hpw Cu-m-Sp-sa-m-amWv \psS
\mnse Pe-kw-`-c-Wn-I-fmbn Cu \mns
\\h p w k p J- I - c - a m b I m e m - h - b p w
\ne-\nn-bn-cp--Xv. \psS temehpw
kzXth ipjvI-hp-amb av \ne-\nm,
anepw `qK`-nepw Pew kw`-cn--sSm, ans\ ]pX-n-p ssPhm-h-cWw
IqSntb Xocq. apw Pehpw ssPh-ssh-hn-[yk---amb kkym-h-c-Whpw Hnt \apv
kwc-n-m-\m-hq. kutcmw t\cnv ]
Xn-msX `qansb kwc-n-p (Insulation)
Poh\v AXymh-iy-amb DuPw \-s-pt]m-hmsX kkym-h-c-W-n\pn \ne\np (Insolation) kzm `mh
- n I
- h
- \-t Cu
\mSv DW-n-tm-hmsXbpw Hen-p-t]m-hmsXbpw ]cn-c-n-m-\mhq: an kw`-cnp Pe-n\p ]pdta \psS \mSv \nXyl-cn-X-ambn \ne-\nm A-co--nse
B{ZX (Atmospheric Humidity) bpw Cuhpw
{][m-\-am-Wv. \psS \mSns Pohm-\pIqe Imem-h-bpw Imjn-I-k-ar-nbpw
Cu B{Z-X-sb-bmWv B{i-bn-n-cp--Xv.
h\-\m-ihpw GI-hn-f-Ir-jnbpw \K-c-hc-Whpw ImcWw tIc-f-ns A-cow
Cv acp-`q-an-I-fnse Acow t]mse
AXn-thKw hc-p-t]m-hp-I-bm-Wv.
\n_n-U-amb hr--e-p-I an\p
XW \In-bn-cp--Xn\p ]pdta Imn
\ n p w c \I n - b n - c p - p . Hc p s s \
kKn-I-h-\-n-\p-n Hcn-epw inbmb Imp-m-hp-I-bn-. [mcmfw \\-hp
an\pw \\hp Ipd A-co--n\pw
CSbvv ]e-]e Bh-c-W--fmbn Imp-sNdp-v, an \nv A-co--ns Dbc--fn-tev t]mIp-tmdpw sas sas

Ipd-p-h-cp A-co \ocm-hn-bpsS Hcp

"t{KUn-bv' ImSv kqn-n-cp-p.

Xm]-\n-ebpw hcbpw
A-co--n-sbpw an-sbpw Xm]-\ne
A\p-Zn\w hn-p {]Xn-`m-k-amWv \man-\p-`-hn-p asmcp Zpc-w. Cu Xm]h-\hv BtKm-f-Xm-]-\-hp-ambpw _-sn-cn-p-p. `qan-bpsS D]-cn-X-e-tmSv Ghpw
ASp-p A-co--ns Xm]-\ne
ag s]n-p--Xnepw apsm \\hv
\-s-SmsX kqnp-Xnepw {][m\
]v hln-p-p. XWp Ce-mn-mXm-hp--tXm-sS, A-cow NqSp-]n-Sn-p-p.
\K-c-h-c-W-ns s]mSn-]-S-e-fpw
hml-\-p-Ibpw hymh-km-bn-I-am-en-\y-fpw
Imp-Xobpw \mn \mw Nh-dp-I-n-p-Xp-samw NqSpsm-m Ign-hp
Im_U-tbm-IvsskUv t]mep hmX-I A-co--n h[n-m Imc-W-amhp-p. CXv BtKm-f-Xm-]-\-n-\p \psS
kw`m-h-\-bm-hp-p. Hw \psS Xt-iob
Imem-h (Local weather and Climate)bpsSbpw
Irjnv A\p-Iq-e-amb kq-a-Im-em-h
(Micro Climate) bpsSbpw Xmfw sXn-p-Ibpw
sNp-p. P\p-h-cn-am-k-am-hp--tXmsS tIcfw
Hcp "kutcm Ip' (Solar Cooker) t]mse
Npp-]-gp-m XpS-p-p. \-amb ae-IfpsS ASn-hm-c--fnse ]e e--fn-sebpw
NqSv Poh\v Xmm-\m-hm hn[w 40 Un{Kn
sko-t{K-Unepw IqSp-X Db-cp-Xv ]Xnhm-bn-cn-p a\p-jytbp kqcym-Lm-

Xhpw kkym-h-c-Whpw Imjn-I-hn-f-Ifw

Icn-p-W-p-Xpw kh-km-[m-c-W-ambn--gn-p.
tIc-f
- n \psS `qanb
- p sS bw
{]Xy-hpw `bm-\-I-hp-ambn Fhn-sS-bpanp ImWmw. `qan-bpsS A\m-tcmKyw
\sbpw Akz-cpw tcmKm-Xp-ccpw
Bp-I-bm-Wv. \psS a\-n-emWv
PohnXZi-\-n-emWv BZyw amw hcpt--Xv. `qan-bn \mw sNt-p
NnIn hfsc Ffn-a-tbmsS kvt\ltmsS ktm-j-tmsS \msa-m-hcpw
XpS-Ww. Ipf-fpw tXmSp-Ifpw hb-epIfpw Xo-S
- fpw ]pg-Ifpw Ah-bp sS
Pe-kw-`-c-W-{]-tZ-i--fp-samw \apv
XmoX
- p I
- fpw D]-tZ i
-
- fpw \Ip
- p
- v.
\psS hnth-Ihpw Adnhpw imkv{X
-kmt-Xn-I-hn-Zy-Ifpw Poh-\-am--fp-samw
hcpw Ime--fn `qan kwc--W--`q-an]p-\-cp-o-h\ {]h-\-mWv D]tbm-Kn--s-tS--Xv. Fm P\--fp-sSbpw
]m-fn--tmsS h\-kw-c--Whpw
]cn-nXn ]p\x-m-]-\hpw {]Ir-Xn-]c-amb Imjn-I`qhn\n-tbm-Khpw \S-nem-m \man-\nbpw sshI-cp-Xv. \psS
hnI-k-\-\-bhpw PohnXk-fpw
{]IrXn]c-am h
- p I
- bpw thWw. ssP
h-aW
- vUe-nse Hcp Poh-PmXn F \ne-bn
a\p-jy \ne-\n-evp-tam, ]cn-Wm-a-hnPbw t\Sptam F shp-hn-fn-bmWv \mw
t\cn-Sp--Xv. Cu shp-hn-fn-tIv \msamw
`qan-]-cn-]m-e-I-cm-hp-I-bmWv th-Xv. `qan
hopw ]-]n-Sn-m\pw \mSv kar-hpw
kp-chpw Bbn-o-cm-\pw.
amv 2013 Xfncv

21

B-tcmKyw

v
k
v

I
m

t
Nn \m-e- tcmKw
Hcp th
tUm. _n ]-Ip-am

Nn

t]m-Ivkns\
Fm-hpw `bam-Wv. ISp ]\n-tbmsSmw icocw apgp-h
ag-p-n-I hmcn hnXdn-b-t]mse Ipan-f-I
Dm-hp-I, ]\n ]I-cp-sav
t]Snv Bcpw ASp-p-hcm-sX-bn-cn-p-I, Znh-k-tfmfw honXs ASp]qn Ign-tb-n-h-cn-I...
22 Nnt]mIvkns ZpcnX- ]e-Xm-Wv. Hw
mv \-s-SpXn
s-bpw ]co--sb-gp-Xm
]ptam F-Xn-sbpw
Bi-bpw.
\psS \mn
th\m-e-mWv
Nnt]mIvkv IqSp-Xembpw ]Sp ]nSn-pXv. Ipn-I-sf-bmWv {][m\-ambpw tcmKw ]nSn-Iq-Sp-Xv. ]t HtmpI
Nnt]mIvkv A{X amcI-tcm-K-sam-p-a-. tUmdpsS \nt-i-{]-Imcw
acp-p-I Ign-p-Ibpw
Bh-iy-n\v hn{i-a-sa-Spp-Ibpw sNbvXm ]\n
h-h-gnv s]mbvsmpw. Xs-bp-a Hcn-
Nnt]mIvkv hm
]ns cm-aXpw tcmKw
]nSn-s]-Sp-I-bn-. BPoh\m {]Xn-tcm-[-amWv
Xfncv amv 2013

]\n-sb-Xp-Sp-m-IpXv.
Nnt]mIvkv t]msebn-cn-p-, ]\nbpw
tZlv Ipan-f-I-fp-sams
Dm-p asm-cp-]-\n-bpm-bn-cp-phkqcn. Hcp
`o-I-c-\n! hkq-cn-]n-Sn-s]v
acn-p--h-tc-sd-bm-bncp-p. Fm `mKy-him hkq-cnsb \apv
`qap-J-p-\nv XpS-p-\om km[n-p. 1980
hkqcn \namP\w
sNbvX-Xmbn temIm-tcm-Kykw-L-S\ {]Jym-]n-p.

Wp--Xv. tcmKm-Wp-
AS-nb sNdp-I-Wn-I-I
izkn-p hynsb
tcmKw ]nSn-Iq-Sp-p.
hkq-cnbpw Nnt]mIvkp-sams ssZh-tIm]w
aqe-ap-m-Ip tcmK--fmsW-mWv ]sms
hniz-kn-n-cp--Xv. ]\nam-dm a{-hm-Zhpw ]qP-bpsams \S-n-bn-cp-p.
]t Cv \ap--dnbmw
Nnt]mIvkv NnIn-np- t`-Z-am-m ]p Hcp
sshdkv tcmK-am-sW-v.

N-nt-]-mI-vk-v A{-X a-mc-I-t-c-m-K-s-a-m--p-a-. tcmKw

_-m[-n--b-m-f-p-a-m-b-p- k-w Hg-n-h-m--W-w. I-pa-n-fI {-]X-y--s--v A-p-Z-n-h-k-w-hs-c t-c-mK-w a-p--h-c-nt-ep ]I-c-m-w. A-ms-X ]ec-p-w h-nN-mc-n--p--X-p-t-]-ms-e
I-pa-n-f-I DW-n t-c-mK-n I-pf-n-pt--mg tcmK-w
]I-c-p--X-v.

tcmKw ssZh-tIm-]-a
Nnt]mIvkv Hcp
sshdkv tcmK-am-Wv.
slankv hn`m-K-ns
sshdkp-I-fmWv tcmK-apm-p--Xv. tcmKn-bp-ambn
ASp-n-S-]-g-Ip--Xn-eqsS-bmWv tcmKw asmcm-fn-tev ]I-cp--Xv.
Na-nse Ipan-f-I-fnepw
Dan-\o-cnepsams e-W-n\p sshd-kp-I-fm-

ag-p-n-I t]mse
]mSp-I
]\n-bmWv Nnt]mIvkns {][m\ e-Ww.
]\n-tbm-sSmw Xe-th-Z-\,
\Sp-th-Z\, oWw XpS-nb-h-bp-ap-m-Imw.
]t ]\n Nnt]m
IvkmsWv a\-n-em-IpXv ico-c-n sh-pn-I t]mse Ipan-f-I
{]Xy--s-Sp-tm-gmWv.

Nphp XSn ]mSp-I

]noSv Ipan-f-I-fmbn
amdp-I-bmWv sNp--Xv.
Ipan-f-I {][m-\ambpw
s\pw hb-n-ep-amWv
BZy-ap-m-Ip--Xv.
XpSv apJpw ssIImep-I-fn-ep-sams Ipd-p]m-Sp-I IqSn Dm-Ipp.
GXm\pw Znh-k-
Ign-bp-tm Ipan-fI DWn s]m-bmbn
amdpp. Hp cv BgvNIp-n tcmKw
]qW-ambpw t`Z-am-Ip-p.

hc: Achnv hwIpfw

ITn\ ]Yyw th
Hm-aXv ]\n-bpsS Akz-X-I, Hw Bhiy-an-m ]Yyhpw
\nb-{-W-fpw IqSn
Bbmtem? tcmKn-bpsS
Imcyw IqSp-X I-nem-Ip-p. Nnt]mIvkv
tcmKn-bpsS `-W-mcyw
kw_-nv Htsd
sXn-m-c-W-I \ne-hnepv. Dv ]mSn, Fcnhp
]mSn, Nmb-Ip-Sn-cp-Xv, Imn-th
Fn-s\. Fm
Nnt]mIvkv
tcmKnv efn-X-amb,
s]sp Zln-p GXp
`-Whpw sImSp-mw.
]g-fpw ]--dnbpw Ce-dn-I-fp-sams [mcmfw
\I-Ww. [mcmfw shw
IpSn-p-Xv oW-a-Ipw.
\ Impw shfn--hp-ap
apdn-bn thWw hn{i-anm. tZlw Ipan-f-I
s]mmsX sNdp NqSp-sh-n apnb XpWnsImv XpS-p-hr-n-bmmw. Ipan-f-I Icn-pWn XpS-p-tm
Ipfn-mw.

23

tcmKw hcmsX
kqn-mw.
Nnt]mIvkv _m[n--bmfp-am-bp- kw Hgnhm--Ww. Ipan-f-I {]Xy-sv Ap-Zn-h-kw-hsc
tcmKw ap--h-cn-tev
]I-cmw. AmsX ]ecpw
hnNm-cn-p--Xp-t]mse
Ipan-f-I DWn tcmKn
Ipfnptmg tcmKw
]I-cp--Xv. ]co-m-Im-e-

-fnepw apw Bq-n-\n-S-bnepw s]mXp

e--fnepw Xnc-n-epsams Npn-n-cn-bp-Xv
Hgn-hm--Ww. ]\n _m[n-hv NnIn--bvmbn
Bn-ssh-d acp-p-I
e`y-am-Wv. Nnt]mIvkn-s\-Xn-cmbn Nne
{]tXyI k`--fn
\Im hmIvkn\pw \nehn-ep-v.
amv 2013 Xfncv

BcmWv kpcn?
(PmX-I-I-Y)

Nn{Xo-I-cWw : shn

KwKm-\-ZnbpsSbpw bap-\m-\-ZnbpsSbpw kwK-a-m-\v Hcn-

c|p ao\p-I I|p-ap-n.

"t\mq Rm\mWv kpcn,' KwK-bnse

ao ]d-p. bap-\-bnse ao CXp- h-Ishp sImSp-n-. Ah ]d-p. "A,
Rm\mWv kp-cn.' As\ Ah Xn
X-am-bn.

24

Xfncv amv 2013

"Fs \ndw In-t, \ shfpv.

an\p-an\p henb
Nnd-Ip-I.'

"shfp-n-t\-m kpcw Idp-mWv, tIn-nt Idp-n-t\-gg-sIv ?'

Xocp hn{i-an-n-cp apXe Cu Xw

tIv ]Xnsb sh-n-\-cn-In-tep sNp.
apX-esb IXpw Hcp ao ]d-p.

25

BcmWv kp-cnsbp apX-e-tbmSp

tNmZnp t\mmw.
amv 2013 Xfncv

As\ c|p-t]cpw apX-e-bpsS

ASp-s-n X-fpsS {]iv\w
Ah-X-cn-n-p. "R-fn BmWv
IqSp-X kucyw? '
apXe Fmw aqfn-t-p. Fnv Ah-cpsS
ASp-tp \on.
"\n c|p-t]-cp-a-, Rm\mWv kp-cn,
Fs Igpp I|nt? hmepw ]pdhpw
I|n-t? Fs hmb...'
26

s]sp hm Xpdv apXe c|p

ao\p-I-sfbpw AI-m-n.
As\ ao\p-I-fpsS Xw Xop!

Xfncv amv 2013

IpSbnmpn
A-Jn Fw Fkv

g s]cpag
aWnbSn apgn ,]nqSw hnp. \qtdmfw IpSI aptndn.
IpSI \Sp XpSn... IpSbnmpn ]nqSns hmcmbn
kStmsS \np.
Rms\\m hon t]mhpI?
"hbsemw ags]bvXp
hbsemw ]pgbmbn
]pgsbmw ags]bvXp
]pgsbmw ISembn '
lS agtb...
Ah ]mv sat
]mSn t\mn.
hc: kp[o ]n ssh
Fmepw F\m
hon t]mIpI?
Ah As\
Nnnptmgpv......
cpt] HmSnhcpp
cp IpnI.. "ht
tIdntm,' Ahsf
27
hnfnpIbmWv.
Ahsp
ktmjamsbtm!
IpSbnmpn
As\ Hcp IpSbn
Ibdn.
Hcp Ipn ]dp,
"Fs \oepS
t\mntb.'
at Ipn ]dp,
"Fs apS
t\mntb.'
IpSbnmpn
]dp, " cp IpSbpw
Fv ckm ImWm.'
Fmepw
\apsmw IqSn Hcp
agbtbpq...
icnbm... Hcp agbpw
Hcp ]mSv IpSbpw.
aqp IpnI
hbeneqsS hontep
\Sp; IqsS ag-bpw.
amv 2013 Xfncv

t^mtm ^o

klPoh\w

{]

IrXnb
nse PohPmesfmw
]ckv]cw _smWv Pohn
pXv. CXns Nne PohnI
Xn A\\ykm[mcWamb Hcp
]ckv]cm{inX_w D|mImdp|v.
]etmgpw B c|p PohnIpw
HcpanmsX Pohnmt]mepw
Ignbm Ahbpw Cu _w
aqew D|mIpw. "klPoh\w/ AYhm
Symbiosis FmWv Pohimkv{X
CXns\ hntijnnpXv. Hcp
anp PohnpI (Syn-with; biosis - living)
FmWv {Kov hmn \npcp
ncn Cu ]Zns Aw.
Acw Nne klPoh\fneqsS
Hcp bm{X.

28

c ]-md--p-d-p-w
h-r--f-ps-S
XS-n-b-ne-p-w a-p-w ]S-p
Ib-d-p ]e c-q]--ne-p-w
h-f-n-e-p-a-p
t-\ ]-mS t-]-me-p
hk-vX-p-h-ns-\ P-oh-\-p
H-mb-n A[-n-I-a-mc-p-w Ic-pX-m-d-n. I-m-b-, k-pIc-n-, i-ne-m-hIe-w X-pS-nb t-]c-p-I-f-n-e-mW-v C-u
P-oh-n Ad-n-b-s--S-p-X-v.
h-mk-vX-h--n c-p
h-yX-yk-vX s-s-PhI-pS-p-w-_-ns- P-oh-n-I klP-o-h-\--n-e-qs-S H-m-b-n]c-n-W-a-n--p- h A-p-XP-o-h-n-b-mW-nX-v. s-s-e (Lichen) F-mW-v Ch-b-ps-S t-]c-v. ]-q-e-p-If-p-w (Fungus) BKIf-p-w X-n-e-p kl-P-o-h-\--n-e-q-s-S-b-mW-v s-s-e-\-p-I c-q]-ws-I-m-p--X-v.

Xfncv amv 2013

N-n

X-e-p-I-f-ps-S A-]-Y--n
s-s-\{-S-P t-iJ-c-n--m Ig-nh-p _-mI-v-o-c-n-b-I-f-p-v. A-c-o--n \-n-p h-mXIc-q]--n-e-p
s-s-\{-S-P Bl-m-c--ns- `-mK-a-mWs- a - - n N- n X- e - p - I - v C- u
_-mI-v-o-c-n-b-I-f-ps-S kl-mb-w I-qS-nt-b
X-oc-q. Chb-v-p ]-pdt-a a-n N-nX-e-pI-f-p-s-Sb-p-w A-]-Y--n k-q-vaP-o-h-n-I-f-mb t-{-]-mt--m-t-k-m-h-\-p-If-p-w
(Protozoa) P- o h- n - - p - - p - . N- n Xe- p - I
`-n--p ac-s--m-S-nb-p-w a-p hk-vX-pf-p-w AX-n-t-hK-w AI--m-n (ingest)
C-u t-{]-mt--m-t-k-m-h-\-p-I Zl-n--n--p--p. N-nX-e-p-I-v he-n-s--S-p--m\-p-w ic-o-c--n-t-e-v
BK-n-cW-w (absorb) s-N-m\-p-w Ig-n-b-p t-]-mjIhk-vX-p--f-m-n Chs-b a-m-p ]W-n-b-mW-v
k-q-vaP-oh-n-I s-N-p-X-v. Ch Zl-n--n hk-vX-p--f-mW-v N-nXe-pIs-f \-ne-\-n-p
Bl-m-c--ns- 90 iX-a-m-\h-p-w. C-u kl-P-o-h-n-I-f-n--m-X-m-b-m N-nX-e-pI- \i-n-p-w. N-nXe-p-I-p--n a-m{-Xt-a C-u t-{-]-mt--m-t-k-m-h-I-p-w _-mI-v-o-c-n-b-I-p-w \-ne-\-n-p-q.

29

{-^-n--b-ns-e s-s-\ X-mg-vhcb-ns-e

]-pg-o- c
-
- f
- n- h-mb-pw- X-pd-p- s
- h
- -v
h-n{-i-a-n--p s-s-\ a-pX-e-Is-f (Nile Crocodile
Crocodylus niloticus-) I-mW-m-w. Ah-b-ps-S X-pd
h-mb-n-t-e-v N-mS-n--bd-n ]c-P-o-h-n-I-s-fb-p-w
Bl-mcAh-i-n-j-vS--s-fb-p-w s-I-m-n--n-v
h-r-n-b-m--p Hc-p s-Nd-nb ]-nb-p-v.
C-uP-n-]-vj-y aWt-I-mg-nb-mWv Cu(Egyptian
Plover Pluvianus aegyptius-) s-s-[c-yi-me-n. "a-pX-e-n-' F t-]c-p I-n-nb -o\ ]-ns-b
k- z - o I- c - n - - m \- p - w I- q S- n - b - m - b - n - c - n - m - w a- p Xe
h-mb-p-w X-pd-p I-nS--p--X-v. GX-m-b-me-p-w
C-u ]-ns-b Hc-n-e-p-w a-pXe D]-{-Z-h-n--n-.
]-n-v Bl-m-ch-p-w a-pX-eb-v-v i-pN-n-X-zh-p-w
e`-n--p kl-P-o-h-\-a-m-W-n-X-v.

j- v W - t - a - J e ka- p - { - Z - - f - n s- e
^ - v f - m j - v s - s - e - v (Flash light)
Fd-nbs-S-p C-u a-y--ns-
Cc-p-h-i--pa-p I-p-IS-n-b-ns-e
s-Nd-nb k-n-I-f-n {-]I-mi-w s-]-mg-n-m Ig-n-h-p _-mI-v-o-c-n-b-If-p-v.
_- m I- v - o - c - n - b - I - v a- y - - n s-
s-NI-n-f-b-n X-mh-fh-p-w Bl-m-ch-p-w
e`-n--p--p. CWs-b BIj-n--m\-p-w
i{-X-p-s-f `b-s--S-p-n c-s--S-m\-p-w
C-u {-]I-mi-w a-y-s-b-p-w kl-mb-n--p--p.

amv 2013 Xfncv

a-pF^-n-U-p-I

F-p s-]-mX-pt-h Ad-n-b-s--S-p

(Aphids) kk-y--f-ps-S N-md-v
D-u-n--p-S-n- -t-ij-w a[-p-c-n--p Hc-p {-Z-mhI-w
h-nk-n--p-h-c-mW-v. Chs-c t-]-m-n-h-f-m
Dd-p--p-I Ft--mg-p-w k--c-m-W-v. F-n-v F^-nU-p-I-f-ps-S hb--n Xt-e-mS-n t-XX-p-n (Honeydew)
N-pc-m t-{-]c-n--n--p-w. Dd-p--p-I-f-ps-S {-]-nb-s-
Bl-m-c-a-mW-v a-p-I- h-nk-n--p C-u
a[-pc{-Z-mh-I-w.
a-p Ib-d-nb ac--n--I-f-n a-p-w Nh--c
kk-y-`-m-K-f-p-w s-I-m-v Dd-p--p-I Ah-b-v-mb-n
I-qS-p \-n-n
- p- -w. {-]X-nI
- -qeI-me-mh
- -b
- -n \-n-p-w
A]-I-S--f-n \-n-p-w Ahs-b k-wc--n--p
C-u I-qS-p-I-f-n a-p-I k-pJ-a-mb-n Ig-n-b-p-w.
A]-I-S-m-h--b-n t-]-me-p-w N-ne-t--m Dd-p--p-I
Chs-b s-s-Ih-n-S-n-. a-p-I-s-fb-p-w h-mb-n-t-e-n
Dd-p--p-I H-mS-n c-s--S-p-w.

- p s- S \- m - n s- e a- m h- n e- p - w a- p
h- r f- n e- p - w ]- n - n S- n - v - ,
t- h c- m g- v - n - , acs- b- n - n - p
30 Hc- p ]cP- o h- n b- m W- v C- n - - - n .
C-n-nb-ps-S a[-pca-p ]g-ne-p-w
h-n-ne-p-w Hc-p Xc-w ]ib-p-v. C-u
]gf-mW-v C-n--n-pc-ph-nIf-ps-S
Cj-vS-ml-mc-w. C-n---n-b-ps-S ]g
Ak-ma-m\-y t-hKXb-n Zl-n-n-m
C-u ]-nb-ps-S Ba-mib-n\-p Ig-nb-p-w.
]g h-ng-p-n AcaW-n--qd-n-\-p-n
I-mj-vT-ne-qs-S h-n-p ]-pd-phc-p-w.
h-n-pI-p \ ]i-b-p-X-p I-mcW-w
Ah ]-nb-ps-S ]-n`-mK-v H-nb
- n- c-n-pw- .
h-n-v h-nS-ph-n-m\-mb-n ]-n ]-n`-mK-w
acs--m-n Dcb-v-pt--m AXh-ns-S
H-n-nS-n-v a-pf-v-, t-hc-mg-v-n hfc-p-w.C-u
]-n-b-n-s---n C-n---n--p-w C-n-n- b
- n- s
-
-
- n- ]-n-pw- \-ne\-n-n
F Ah-.

Xfncv Pq 2011
Xfncv amv 2013

t-I-m

-md-n- ag--m-S-p-I-f-ns-e AX-na-t-\-m-lc]-n-b-mW-v s-I-z-vk

(Quetzal - Pharomachrus). Ah-m--mt-U-m (Avocado)
]g- - f - m - W - v h- I - n - - m C- u ]- n b-ps-S a-pJ-ym- l
- m- c-w.
At- h - m - - m - t - U - m g-w a-pg-p-h-\-mb-p-w
h-ng-p
- m- s-Iz- -vke- n \- p Ig- n - b - p - w .
]g- w s- I - m - n - d- v s- I - z - v k
I-psd Z-qs-c s-N-nc-p--mW-v X-n-p-I.
]g-w X-nt-ij-w s-I-z-vk
AX- n s- h- n - v
X-nI-n (Regurgitate)
]-pdt--v X-p-pw- .
C-u he-nb ]g-w
X-n-p ]gw
X- o \- n - n I
t- h s- d - b - n - - m
B I-m-n At-h-m--m-t-U-m-b-ps-S h-n-p-h-nX-c-W--n\-v s-I-z-vk-e-ns-\ B{-i-b-nt- aX-nb-m-h-q. s-I-z-vk X-n-p X-p-p h-n-p-I
B I-m-n h-nX-cW-w s-N-s--S-pI a-m{-X-a--,
\-mb-n a-pf-p hf-c-p-Ib-p-w s-N-p-w.

_-m

U- v P d- p - w (Badger - Taxidea taxus)

I-nt-b-m-p-w (Coyote - Canis latrans)
t-hb-mS-n Bl-mc-w k-m-Z-n--p s-Nd-nb
P-oh-n-I-f-mW-v. Cc-P-o-h-n-I-mb-n a-c-n-p--X-n\-p ]Ic-w kl-I-c-n-mW-v Ch
Cc-t-X-S-p--X-v. hfs-c ck-I-c-a-mb t-h-b-mS X{--a-m-W-n-h Is---n-b-n-c-n--p--X-v.
_-mU-vP-d-p-I Fe-n-a-m-f- X-pc-v Fe-nIs-f ]-pd--p-N-m-S-n--p-w. ]t- Fe-n-I-f-ps-S
]-pdt-I t-hK--n-t-e-mS-n t-h-b-m-S-m _-mU-vPd-pI
- -v Ig-nb
- n- . F-m s-N-mb
- v-f
- p- s-S
_-p-f-mb I-nt-b-m--p-I-v a-mf--n\-p
]-pd-t--t--m-S-p Fe-n-Is-f ]-nX-p-S-v
AS-n--n-S-m-\-m-h-p-w. I-nt-b-m--p-I-f-n \-n-p
c-s--v a-mf--n-t-e-v -oW-n-p X-nc-n-s--p Fe-n-Is-f X-w I-m-p \-n-p
_-mU-vPd-p-w s-I-m-p-X-n--p-w. Ch c-pt-]c-p-w t-N-v t-h-b-m-S-p-t--m Cc-ph-p-w
CcP-oh-nIs-f I-n-m-\-p k-m[-yX Gd-p--p.

-n-a-L---n I-mW-p 12 P-mX-n ac-ws-I-m-n-I-f-n H-mW-v s-N ac-w-s-I-m-n

(Rufous Woodpecker -Celeus brachyurus). a-n ac-ws-I-m-n-I-p-w Dd-p--p-I a-pJ-y-m-l-mc-a-m-W-v. F-m s-N ac-w-s-I-m--nb-mhs- I-qS-p--m-n I-p-p-s-f h-f-p-X-n\-v Dd-p--p-Is-f B{-ib-n--p--p-! {-I-nat--mK-m (Crematogaster) P\-pk-ns-] Hc-p Xc-w
Id-p acb-pd-p-pIf-ps-S I-qS-ns- Hc-p -hi-w X-pc-v 6 C-v h-oX-n-b-n I-qS-ns- \S-p-v
Hc-p Ad-b-p--m-n s-N ac-w-s-I-m-n Xs- I-qS-v X-o-p--p. I-qS-p]W-n \S--p-t--m
ac-b-p-d-p-v ac-w-s-I-m--ns-b B{-I-a-n--n-. I-qS-p--m--p ka-b-v I-pd-v Dd-p--n e-mhI \i-n--p-s-a--ne-p-w a-p-b-n--pI-g-n--m
]-ns- ac-w-s-I-m-n B t-I-mf-\-n-b-ns-e
Dd-p-p-Is-f `-n--n-. a-m{-X-a Dd-p--pIs-f X-n-m hc-p a-p ac-ws-I-m-n-Is-f
s-Im- -nt- b
- m- S- n- -v Dd-p
- p- I
- -v k-wc-W-w
\I-p-Ib-p-w s-N-p-w. X-m I-qS-p h
t-I-mf\-n-b-ns-e Dd-p--p-Is-f ac-w-s-I-m-n
Fs-\ X-nc-n--d-n-b-p-p F-v i-mk-v{-X-v CX-phs-c Is---m\-m-b-n--n-.
I-q-n \-n-p Z-qs-c-b-m-s-W--n t-]-me-p-w
BX-nt-Yb Dd-p--pIs-f ac-w-s-I-m-n `-n
-n-. Dd-p-p h-nZ-K-v (Ant Experts) F-p
t-]c-p I-n-nb ac-w-s-I-m--nb-p-w Ah-b-pa-mb-n
k-z-w I-qS-p ]-n-S-p Id-pac-b-p-d-p-p-w
X-n-e-p kl-P-o-h\-w A\-\-y-k-m-[-m-cW-a-mb {-]I-rX-nh-nk-va-b-a-m-W-v.
kl-P-o-h\-w F hnjbhpambn _sv t-Icf k-w-m\ _-me-k-m-l-nX-y C-n--y-q-v
{]knoIcnm t]mIp ]pkvXIn \npw.
amv 2013 Xfncv

31

mn-Iv ]-cnNbw

enb cmPmhv

]n \mcm-b-W-p-dpv

"Im

hc: tKm]p ]n-d

32

Xfncv amv 2013

ep ]n-Sn-pI' "Imephm-cpI' CXp-cpw \psS

`mjm-ssi-en-bn Dv. GXp
Imcyhpw km[np Inm CXpcpw IqSn CW-m Adn-ncp-m aXn. tjIvkv]n-b-dpsS
enb cmPmhv F \mS-I-n
cmPm-hns cp s]a--fmWv
kq{X-n Imep-]n-Sn-Xpw
]ns Imep-hm-cn-b-Xpw. B IYbmWv ChnsS ]d-bp--Xv.
hb-m-Ip-tm _pn t\tc
\n-bn Nnev. Fp-tImepw Ap hniz-knp
t]mIpw. s]mn--d-bp--h-tcmSv
henb Cw tXmpw. t\cp-]-dbp--h-tcmSv Cq-v henb
hntcm[hpw. enb cmPmhv
A-s\-sbmcp ]mhw Bbn-cpp. Hcp Znhkw Hcp ]pXnb
Bibw "St]' Fv a\-n
hp. hSnbpw Ipn Ccp-n-Sp-\nv FWo-p. X\n-n\n
cmPy-Imcyw t\mm h.
{]mb-am-bn-t, hn{i-an--Ww.
cmPy-`-cWw s]a-sf Gn-mw. aqp s]a--fm-Wp-Xv. Aq--n As\
Ghpw IqSp-X kvt\ln-p
ap-thWw IqSp-X cmPyw
sImSp-m...? kvt\l-ns
hepw A\p-k-cn-m-bn-cn-Ww
Hmtcm-cp-pw sImSp-p
`mK-ns henw. \ _pn!
At-l-samp Nncn-p-t]m-bn.
Xncnp \nv aq-a-Isf
BZyw hnfnp: ""tKmW-dn''
""Ftm'' Fp hnfn-tIv HmSn
h Cu aI, As NncnI--tm X\nv Ftm

tImfp-h-cpp Fv a\-nem-n. ""{]nb-s Am,

Rms\-p-th-Ww, Iev]nm-s,'' Fp ]dv
Im hp hoWp.
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]d-bWw.''
C\n ap a-tfmSpw
Cs\ tNmZn-tpw.
Ah Duln-p. Ahsc
ISnsh-W-atm, tKmWdn hnn hnn ]dp:
""AtXm... AXv... {]nb-s
Am, A-msX Bcpv
F\np kvt\ln-m!
F{X kvt\lw Fp ]dbm hmp-I Hp-an-
tm Am! Fs Inse
IrjvW-a-Wn-sb-m Rm
kvt\ln-p-Xv A-s\bmWv.''
Cu hmN-I-n
cmPmhv hoWp. aIsf sInn-Snp. cmPyns aqnsemv Ahp sImSp-pIbpw sNbvXp.
"doK' F cmw
]p{XnsbbmWv ]ns hnfn-Xv. Imcyw GXmp a\n-em-nb Ah ]dp.
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am{X-amWv Fs Htc-sbmcp
ktm-jw. _mn-sbmw
thsp hv Rm
As IqsS..'' Ahfpw
hoWp Imen sIn-n-Snp.
aXn, cmPm-hn\p ktmjw!
"Ccw a-fmWv thXv'
Fp ]ndp-]n-dp-p-sImv
ktm-j-tmsS aqn
Hv Ahpw FgpXn
smSp-p.
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cmPmhv hnfn--Xv. HmSn
hcmt\m sIn-n-Sn-mt\m,

Imen hogmt\m, Hpw

`mh-an-msX Ah "Am'
Fp am{Xw hnfnv
ASpp \np. B \nev]pXs A\v ]nSn-n-.
""aI-tf, \n\v Fs
F{X-am{Xw C-apv?''
F- tNmZyw tI-tm
Ah Aev]w Btem-Nnp-\n-p. tNn-am As\
]mn-em-m apJ-kvXpXn
]d-p-Im-Wpw. A`n-am-\-anm ]Wn. X\nv AXp
h. tImUn-enb Cs\
]d-p. ""As\ kvt\lnpI Fs [a-am-Wv.
AXp Rm sNp-p-v.
IqSp-X-ep-an-, Ipd-hp-an-.''
CsX-p -a-dp-]Sn?
cmPm-hn\p ]nSn-In-n-bn-.
Atlw FSp-sSpp tNmZn-p. AXns\ms IrXy-amb
adp-]Sn
am{Xw aI ]d-p.
CXv [nm-c-ambn-mWv cmPmhn\p
tXmn-bXv. Atlw
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Fp cmPmhv
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apJ-kvXp-Xnbpw
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hnhmlw Ign-bm Ipn .

apJ-kvXp-Xn-bn-eqsS Fmw
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33

amv 2013 Xfncv

c-p--p. s-I-v {-]`-p. s-]-mt-

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m
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At--ls- A\-p-k-c-n--mXfncv amv 2013

-X-m-b-n. AhnsS e-nbc-mP-mh-v Hc-p A[-n-I---m-b-n.

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t-{-ij-vT-a-mb-n Ic-p-X-W-w.
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I-pd-n--p--p.

amv 2013 Xfncv

36

Xfncv amv 2013

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C-u \-m-n-e-p-s---n
C-u I-pf-w h-r-n-b-m-n a-m-m-a-m-b-n-c-p--p.

]t--, ]-v A[a-n-I aX-n

Hc-p Pe-t-{-k-m-X--ns-\ C-m-X-m--m-!

37

B-k-vt-{-S-e-n-bb-n-s-e t-X]-n

dppw abpw XqhepIfp Cu ]nsb I|nt? dnPv lWnCu (Regent Honeyeater - Anthochaera phrygia-) FmWv Cu tX]nbpsS t]cv. Bkvt{SenbbnemWv
]nbpsS hmkw. tX\pw sNdpjUv]ZfpamWv Cs Blmcw. \ `wKnbp Hcp
]n At? ]t bqmen ImSpIfn Bhmkapdnncnp lWnCu KpcpXc
amb hwi\mi`ojWnbnemWntm. Ingt Bkvt{Senbbnse ImSpIfn km[mcWambn
I|ncp ]nbmbncpp Cu tX]n. Ign 25 hj sIm|pam{Xw ChbpsS
dhmWv hX
hXv. sInSmbpw Irjnmbpw D
Fn AXohKpcpXcamb Ipdh
a\pjycpsS Itw Cu ]nIfpsS kzm`mhnIBhmkhyhbpsS 75% A[nIhpw
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amv 2013 Xfncv

41

kpK-X-Ip-amcn

-s-b-m-w a-md-nb Za-b-n Xs-

A-b-ps-S AS-p-s--p h-nh-cs-a-m-w ]d--p. _-ml-p-Is-\ I-mW-m
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38

b-mb \f X-pS-p. "F-m F\-ns--m--d-n-b-m-\-p--v. Za-b--n-b-ps-S c-m-w

k-zb-whc-w t-L-mj-n--p-s-I-m-v Z-qX--m
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H-p \-n-n-b-n-v _-ml-pIc-q]-[-m-c-nXfncv amv 2013

F-p-h-m A-b-v--ms-X B-p

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`-oa-c-m-P-mh-p-w ]X-v\-nb-p-w ]-p{-X-n-b-ps-S Z-oLX-]-v Ah-k-m-\-n--X-n-\-m B\-h-p-w
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\-me-phjs- t-h]-m-S-n-\-p-t-ij-w
h-o-p-w H-pt-N-p s-Xf-n \f-Z-a-b--na-m I-nS-m--t-f-m-s-S-m-v B\---n-e-m-p
Ig-n-bt-h Hc-p \-m \f ]d--p. "s-s-`a-n-,
R-m \-nj-[--n-t-e-p t-]-mI-p--p. ]-pj-vIcs-\ I-mt-WX-p-v." `-oa-c-m-P \I-nb
t-Xc-p-w s-s-k\--yh-p-w B\-I-f-p-s-a-m-v
\f \-nj-[--n-s-e-n Ah-ns-S c-mP-mh-mb-n h-mg-p ]-pj-vI-cs-\ I-p. \f
]d--p. "]-pj-vIc-, h-o-p-w I-pd-p [\-a-p-m--n-s--m-v R-m N-qX-p If-n--m

h-n-c-n--p--p. X-pS-m-w \a-p--v."

]-pj-vI-c N-nc-n--p. "Fs- `-mK-y-w-! ChW \-ns- [\h-p-w Za-b--nb-p-w Fs- hIb-mh-p-w. t-\-m-n-s--m--q."
H--f-n-b-n ]-pj-vI-cs- kh-k-zh-p-w
\j-vSs---p. \f al-mk-t--ms-S
]d--p. "]-pj-vIc-, A-p Pb-n-X-p \-ob--,
Ie-n-b-m-b-n-c-p--p. \-ns- I-p-a--X-v. s-s-`a-ns-b
\-n\-p I-n-p-I-b-n ]-pj-vI-c-m-, s-]-mb-vs--m-p-I." \f A\-p-Ps-\ ]-pW-v k-m-\ \I-n- b-m-{-X-b-b-p. X-f-ps-S al-mc-m-P-m-h-ns- {-]X--y-m-K-a-\--n P\-
B\-w s-I-m-p aX-nad-p.
AX-n-\-m b-p[-n-j-vT-n-c-, \-ns---m
t-i-n c-mP-m--a-m t-hs-d-b-p-a-p--v. \-ns-
a\-v Xf-p I-qS-m. i-n s-s-NX-\-y-t-f-ms-S h-mg-p-I." _-rl-Z-i-z-a-p\-n b-p[-n-j-vT-nc-s-\b-p-w A\-p-P--m-s-cb-p-w {-Z-u]-Z-n-s-bb-p-w
A\-p-{-K-l-n-p b-m{-X-b-m-b-n. (XpScpw)

hc: Ptb{

39

amv 2013 Xfncv

inh-Zmkv amas Iv

a-ma-m,
ae-b-mf-w ck-n--m-s-\-m hgn?-d-n-\-n
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a-m, C-u ae-b-mf-w al-m-\-c-I-a-m""k
:
p

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p
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p
I
p
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X

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b-mf-ws-s-e{-_d-n D-v. k-md-ns-

""a-m

40

Xfncv amv 2013

hc: A\nj Xn

\ ae-b-mf-w ]-m-p-I ]-mS-n--p. "C-n-a-pf-w

I-mS-p-I-f-n e-ee-w ]-mS-n-hc-p-w s-Xt-e-'
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]-mS-n. CSbv-v t-Zh-o-{-]-k-mZ-ns- A`-n-\b
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{-]t-N-m-Z\ -m-p-If-p-w. F-m-w ]-a-e-b-mf--n. a-q-p Z-nhk-w \-o If-c-n-b-n
ae-b-m-f--ns- a[-pc-w \-nd-s--m-g-p-I-n.
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-
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l-w. As-\ k-vt-\l-a-p--m-I-p-t--m-,
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t-X-m-p--X-v.
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ae-b-mf-w ]d-b-p-I. ae-b-m-f-K-m-\-
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a-md-p-w. a\--n-e-mt-b-m a-t-f?
amv 2013 Xfncv

41

ac--p-h--n

-2

k-n dl-n-w

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k-zmanz-ma
ma-n--c-p-p-I-nn-hc: kNo{ ImdUv

Xfncv amv 2013

s-e-n. k-z-ma-n- CS-ws-s-I s-I-m-v a-rZ-p-h-mb-n

Xt-e-mS-ns--m-p t-N-mZ-n--p. ""C-v I-pi-me-m-s-W-p t-X-m-p--p-ht--m? I-q-p-I-ms-c
Fh-n-S-p--p-I-n-n?-'-' A-m Xe-b-m-n h-me-pI-p-e-p-n N-n N-n F-p Ic--p. "H-m.
Ah \-mS-p N-p-n h-t--mg-p-w I-mh-n hc-md-p-s-t--m-' c-m--m-\-p-If-p-w I-qS-n Ie-n s-I-md-n--m X-pS--n. DWa-p-nc-n
\-p-n--od-n \-pW-p.

A-n-s-h-w Ce--m-pX-f-ps-S ]-pd-p I-mW-p hcs-b N-p-n-n

I-n-S-b-n-e-qs-S A-mC-s-\-s-b-mc-p IY-b-p-s-| h-nhc-w A-m-\-p-I
\-p-I-f-ps-S ]-pd--p-h-oW-p
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t-a-\-nb-n Ag-I-p a-q-v
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Xfncv and
amv
2013 by Prof. Nedumudi Harikumar for the Kerala State Institute of Childrens Literature,
Printed
Published
Thiruvananthapuram, Ph: 2333790.
Typest and Graphics: Thaliru Graphics, Printed at St Josephs Press, Thiruvananthapuram.

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amv 2013 Xfncv

51

RNI No. 20076/70

Regd KL/TV (N)/399/2012-2014

Thaliru (monthly)
Childrens Magazine

Licensed to post without prepayment under no. KL TV (N) WPP/11/2012-2014

MARCH 2013
Vol:19, Issue:3 ` 12

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