Who Cares?

Recently I stopped by to see a friend of mine who was working in a local depariment store. After a very few minutes I realized my friend
seemed a bit on edge, as if trying to watch everyone in the store at once. "What's the matter?" I asked. "lt makes me sick, you know." he replied. "Within two hours of opening this morning, we had to close both washrooms on this floor. Somebody had wrecked them . . . just plain wrecked them!Two people about your age got picked up for shoplifting. Somebody else walked along and knocked a whole shelf of glassware off onto the floor and broke it. People must have something wrong with their heads. Don't they care about anything or anybody? They do whatever they can get away with! It's all a big joke! To me, it's depressing! What makes people act that way? Don't they know they're just making things rougher for everybody else? Somebody's got to pay for the damages . . . so it's you and I that get stuck. " How come a few people get away witn making things so bad for all the rest of us? Maybe it's because we let them. Maybe it's because we don't "care" enough, either. Afterall ...whocares?
M.F.

Junior Farmer and 4-H Enthusiast 'Second Class mail registration No. 1517
Printed in Weston Mailed in Oshawa

Published by the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food for families in-

volved

in the Ontario 4-H and

Junior

Farmer programs.

Editor, Monica Fennell Extension Branch A. G. Bennett, Director; C. L. Hamilton, Supervisor, Youth Extension; Ken Knox,
Assistant Supervisor

Home Economics Branch Helen McKercher, Director; Margaret Woof, Supervisor, Junior Extension

Junior Farmers' Association of

Ontario
Glenn Ruegg, President; Don Mode, Vice-president; Murray Pearson. Past
President

Enthusiast Committee
Gail Hoffman, 4-H; Ron Fleming, Junior Farmers; Brian Lee, Ontario Hydro

Mailing Address: Enthusiast

Extension Branch Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food Parliament Buildings Toronto, Ontario

COVER PHOTO:
" HAPPY!" And they should be. They're Ontario County's Junior Farmer Modern Square Dance team and they placed first at this year's Talent Festival (front, l. b rt.) Wilma Guthrie, Frank Manjan, Fay McAvoy, Allan Torrance, George Sonley, Anne Sonley. (back, l. to rt.) Brian Stickwood, Reta Stickwood, and George Timms, the caller.

M7A182 Office Location

1

200 Bay Street, Toronto (8th Floor)

IN THIS ISSUE
Jun ior Farmer Talent Festival Go

voL.37, NO.2
3 6

Ahead-Growa Garden!
..
.

Greations
Learn to Do By Doing

I
What Does !t Really Mean?
9
...

The Family Farm Happy Birthday. Delegates to the

ln the Spotlight

business orway of life?

A Place to Share Our Heritage

10 12 14 17
18
21 21

..

to You! for 1975

The Agricultural Museum

L,l.K.

Oxford Junior Farmerto Visit "Down Under"

ls itacalf againthis year? The Penpa! Place
ln this issue (contributions map)

22 23 24

What's Happening

JT]NIOR

FARMER

TALENT
FESTIVAL
ROYAL YORK HOTEL TOROi\TO
Lynn Hudson, Middlesex recelves a championship medallion for her speech on "Women", from Murray Pearson, Past President.

Over 2,300 people were in attendance at this year's Talent Festival, an ancrease of nearly 600 over tast year. "Canadiana" was the popular theme of many of the music and oral presentations.

"A Talented Trio"

County.

the Store slsters, Janice, Kathy, and Jill from

Ontaio

The presentations by the massed four-part Junior Farmer Choit undet the direction of Mrs. Marie Devereux were a hightight of the day's activities. The choir sang "Farewell to Nova Scotia" and Gordon Lightfoot's "Go My Way".

Eric fhe Durham three-paft Junior Farmer choir rehearsing prior to being chosen first in their sectian Bowman, a Junior Farmer member, directed the group

Sharanne McMurchy, University ot Guelph, performing at the "show of stars"

"rd

waterloo Junior Farmers presented a seml-serlous sp oof on snow white calted th" S"u"n Cows". Tie viltain was not a witch. He was a land speculatot!

"The Dairy Princess

Elgin County's folk singers along with tuvelve other Junior Farmer folk groups f rom across Ontario helped make it a musical day! rt.) Peter Charleton, Sharon Pelton, Karen Campbell, and Laurie Pelton. Susan Marshall (not shown) was the group's pianist.

(1.

to

Grey County Junior Farmers stepped high for top honours in the old time square dance competition.

THE WINNERS

PUBLIC SPEAKING: Lynn Hudson, Middlesex; Karen Snyder,

Waterloo; Theressa Donelly, Grey

MODERN SQUARE DANCING: Ontario OLD TIME SQUARE DANCTNG: Grey MEN'S VOCAL SOLO: Bruce Jakeman, Oxford LADIES' VOCAL SOLO: RetaStickwood, Ontario and Sharanne McMurchy, University of Guelph (tie) LADIES'TRIO: Jill, Janice and Cathy Stone, Ontario FOLK SINGING: Elgin CHOIR COMPETITION: SAB Choir: Durham; SATB Cl9il,..

DEBATING: Don and Bob McDonatd, Middresex POETRY: Nancy Kuranyi, Elgin and Karen Graham, Prince

Middlesex

ESSAy: Rhonda Ferguson, Huron

Edward

"Three Old Maids" from M;ddlesex entertain

SLIDE SET AND COMMENTARY: Eileen Elms, Oxford PHOTOGRAPHY: (a) People: Paul Schmidt, Oxford (b) Landscape: Eileen Elms, Oxford (c) Design in Nature: Eileen Elms, Oxford
5

By Lois Ferguson
alttaal

Go Ahead
rotart, rtialtataar, taatttr,

For fun and food, create a partnership with Mother Nature. Make the best of her unpredictable whims and she will cooperate by providing you with healthy, first class vegetables chock full of vitamins. lf you are interested inmaking a good investmenttry a vegetable garden. The seeds cost very little when compared to the returns received. There are no middlemen to pay, no transportation costs and think of the good nutrition your initial outlay will produce! Because your vegetables can be harvested at peak

maturity, they are perfect specimens for freezing, canning and pickling. So, allwinter you can be reminded of your excellent forethought the previous spring, which led you to plant a vegetable garden. ls physical fitness your thing? Bending, stretching,
and deep breathing in the fresh air and sunshine-what could be healthier!Also, what could be a better purpose than planting and weeding your garden? lf you are nutrition conscious, you know that Canadians should daily consume one serving of potatoes and servings of other vegetables, preferably yellow or green and often raw.

This recommendation from Canada's Food Guide for Health is easy to follow if you have a home vegetable
garden.

There is quite a difference between "growing vege-

tables" and "vegetable gardening". When you think

Grow
rotatt, rttataIaaa,,
raat!art

about "vegetable gardening," a series of questions file across your mind: What varieties of vegetables should I grow? When shall I grab my trowel and begin? When should I water the garden? Should I fertilize the soil? What about fighting insects and disease? Vegetable gardening is a lot like preparing a stage performance. Here are some ideas to help you with your production!

Choosing the spot to stage your production A rich loamy soil, free from stones, fairly level and well-drained is a perfect choice. The best land for a garden is free of persistant weeds, such as bindweed and twitch grass, and has been in production the
previous year. However, it is best-to avoid corn land that has been treated with atrazine-type weed killer. A garden should have at least six hours of sunlight in the middle of the day. lt will also grow best if it does not have to compete with tree roots near large trees. Before planting you have to work the soil to a depth of B-10 inches by rototiller, plow, or by hand, and work in some form of organic matter and commercialfertilizer such as 5-10-15 at the rate of 2-4lbs./100 sq. feet. A thorough raking will make asmooth even surface, ready to protect and nourish the tiny seeds.

a Garden!

Choosing the Performers

Maybe you have heard this sort of line from inexperienced gardeners: "We gottoo much lettuce allatonce"

Action
To be sure that rows will be straight, mark each row by stretching a string tightly between two stakes. Make a furrow with the hoe and then sow the seeds. After taking time to carefully plan the garden, cultivate, fertilize the soil, and do the actual sowing, it would

or "We grew more beans than we could give away."

This mind-bending exercise of planning for a continuous supply of fresh vegetables-not too much and not too little-is not easy. A dozen tiny broccoli plants look so innocent in their little trays, but when they mature, they represent a lot of eating. Successive plantings of small quantities is one

be a real otfence to forget weeding. lt does not take many days of neglect after the seedlings emerge, for
weed growth to cancel out your previous work. A good gardener learns to enjoy hand weeding. Pulling a grassy weed that is about to choke a carrot seedling is an act of kindness. The best time to weed is when the soil is slightly damp. lf the top of the weeds break otf, the soil is too dry.
How much water is "too much" or "too little"? A good

method of solving this problem. For such crops as radishes, peas, and beans which remain edible for only a short time, this is a way of having fresh produce maturing regularly. Different varieties of some vegetables, such as corn, have different maturity dates and if these are sown at the same time the length of time that

fresh corn can be enjoyed is longer. It would be fun to grow at least one vegetable that is new to you. How about edible podded peas, vegetable spaghetti or strawberry popcorn? Leaf through a seed catalogue and find a variety that looks interesting and order it with your standbys of carrots, beets, etc.

garden manager learns to apply water according to the nature of his soil. ln dry weather a thorough weekly watering should be enough.

Plot your plot Be sure to make a sketch to help you in your plans.
Note that all taller plants should be planted at the north side of the garden so they will not shade the lower ones. Pumpkin and squash should be separated to prevent cross-pollination. Black walnut trees spread a substance poisonous to tomatoes, so tomatoes should be planted at least 90 feet from these trees. The distance between rows depends on the type of cultivation. For hand cultivation, most crops require 2 feet between the rows. Less space hampers cultivation, harvesting and cuts down on one's ability to move in the garden.

Grand Finale Generally speaking, the greater the intensity of colour in the green and yellow vegetables, the greater the Vitamin A value. Vitamin C is found in most vegetables, the most important sources being tomatoes, cabbage, turnips and potatoes. Some of the B Vitamins are also found in vegetables. Vitamin 81 (thiamine) is highest in beans, peas and potatoes. Minerals are found in small quantities in all vegetables. The greens and legumes (peas, beans, etc.) are especially well-supplied with iron. Garden-fresh vegetables, as you can see, provide us with valuable nutrients. "The more delicious, the more nutritious" applies to vegetables. ln other words, the better the flavour, the more food value. To retain the most vitamins, vegetables should be cooked right after

Planning on growing a garden this summer? Why not? lt's a good way to stay trim

and the eating!

both with the exercise

coming from the garden, using the least possible cooking water in a covered container. lf cooked until just tender, and eaten at once, you will be getting the most flavour and nutritive value from your vegetables. So, go ahead, make your plans and have some fun growing your own garden-fresh vegetables!
*d<

The 4-H Homemaking Garden club programme will be booming this summer. This 3-year programme is based on planning, planting and caring for a garden, with emphasis on a special phase of gardening each year. 4-H gardeners are required to plant 10 kinds of vegetable seeds and 4 kinds of annual flower seeds, developing a plan to follow in caring for the garden. Members start a Garden Reference File which is added to with each phase taken. Third year gardeners undertake a special project, requiring further research. "Home Beautification" is the phase to be covered this year in the following counties; Durham, Grey, Hastings, Lennox and Addington, Prescott, Prince Edward, South Simcoe and Wentworth. Club members may choose from planting trees and shrubs, flower beds, window or verandah boxes, biennial or perennial flowers, painting garden furniture, posts, fences, steps, etc., and general tidying to beautify their home surroundings. They also learn the art of flower arranging for beauty inside the home. "Preservation" is the topic for Brant, Bruce, Essex, Halton, Kent, Oxford, Peel, Rainy River, North Simcoe,

INSPIRATION lnspiration's a thing I need to write An imaginative poem I could wait all night Before I got A decent one. It would take a lot To make me think I could actually write About a mink Or even a cat Or dog or fish. Can you imagine that? Being stuck just so Without a thought Or a stop or go? So as I sit right here Trying to think To find inspiration I could be on the brink Of starvation before I actually get An inspiration that Will serve to let Me write An imaginative poem.

NORTHERN SPRING

lcy stream
Flowing down, Solemn mountains Frost-lit crown; Stately pines Stand tall alone, Cold damp ground, To chill the bone; Dead remains of Winters past, Spring is here Here at last.

and Wellington. The members practise ways

and

means ol preseruing garden produce, including canning and freezing, for year-round consumption. Dufferin, Northumberland, and Huron willcarry out

the third phase of the garden programme, "Use of

Vegetables". Members practise ways of preparing and serving the vegetables as well as growing a garden. Family members are willing "taste testers" forthe many vegetables and may discover "raw" is nice, as well as good for you! The training schools for the project leaders will be held in mid-March. lf you are a4-H Homemaking Club member in one of the above counties and want to develop your green thumb, contact your local home economist. Happy gardening!

Vicky Banks
Middlesex County

Arlene Stafford Lanark County

THINGS

I like the sound of flags in scented wind, And haunting music written long ago;
And foreign lands, and satin sands, and snow.

I need the strength of trees, and stars, and home, The secret soul, the hidden flame subdued,
The comfort found in wooded lots, and inner thoughts, I love the mystery of cats and clouds, and solitude' And books with life and truth in every crease, The music of the wind, and love, and peace.

4-H Club Member

Stormont CountY

*Leurn to do ba doing" ... Whut does it reullU

meam:,7
"Learn to do by doing". That is the 4-H motto. But what does it really mean? Does it mean learning howto make an apron by making an apron with someone else helping you? Yes. Does it mean learning to care for a horse by picking up your own pitchfork? Yes. But "Learn to do by doing" means a lot more. law, or explain to another person about 4-H. By taking part in meeting and running for offices, you learn how groups work and how to lead groups. When
you are an adult you may wish to be part of a community organization. You may become a counsellor or a mayor. You could be an executive in a big company. Because you belonged to 4-H, you will know how to conduct or take part in a meeting. Most people don't have the chance to learn these things before they need them. Learn to do by doing means many more things. . . make your own list. But perhaps the most important thing is learning to care . . . about yourself . . . about others . . . aboutthe waythings are and could be. That is

For starters. lt means learning to work with other people by working together in a club. lt doesn't mean just working with the person you like best . . . it means working with people who think differently; people who work faster or slower than yourself; are better, or not as good at a project. Why? Because when you take your first job, you'll find that you can't pick your workmates. You'll have to get along with all kinds of people if you're going to do your best. The motto means learning to be responsible by accepting responsibility. First, you are responsible for completing your project. ln some cases this means being responsible for the care of a living creature that depends on you for food and shelter. lf you are elected to an office, it means being responsible for doing your duties to the best of your abilities. lt means being responsible to the other members of your club by remembering that your behavior at meetings and in public influences what people think about all of you and 4-H. Learn to do by doing means learning always to do
your best . . . not because you can beat someone else or get a trophy, but because you'll always know you've given it evefihing you've got. That's a very good feeling. Confidence in yourself and your abilities is something else you can learn by doing. By choosing and completing a project, you learn that you can accomplish just about anything you try . . . it takes work. By getting up at a club meeting and demonstrating howto do something, or by talking about a subject you know well, you learn that you can pass your knowledge and ideas to other people. Someday this could be very important, whether you want to sell a cat, teach someone how to do something, get your government to make or change a

citizenship. "Care" is a four letter word everyone should know and use. 4-H is a chance to learn to care by caring. I promise to devote;
MY HEAD to thinking before I speak or act because I care that thoughtlessness leads to mistakes and hurt feelings. MY HEART to sticking by my friends, family and fellow members no matter what happens because I care about them even if we, or our parents differ. MY HANDS to doing things forothers even if it's as simple as doing my home chores without being told because I care about doing my share. MY HEALTH to better living because I care that I should be able to think clearly, be there when people are counting on me, and do my part from day to day and I can't do any of these things if my mind is spaced out on drugs or my body is weak or sick. I promise because I care about our club, our community, our country and our world and everything that's

in it. Lorna Knox 4-H Leader St. Andrews, Manitoba

Reprinted from "Contact"

9

THE FAMILY FARM

...hu$iness or

way of life
from L. M. Kerr's "The Family Farm-Business or a Way of Life", Notes on Agriculture. Vol. X,
(adapted No. 1.)

lndeed. it is both; and lhope and expect it will remain so. Over the 60 or 62 years I have remembered in agriculture, the tremendous changes

have been chiefly business-oriented,

and no one can deny that farming
become a business.
has

The mark of a good farmer was an ample supply of dry wood or discarded fence rails.on threshing day.

was done with big machines powered by large steam engines. They consumed enormous quantities of wood.

and the continuing change increase the farnrer's need o{

circumstances

business knowledge

and

business

life. The "artistry" of farming has neither died nor diminished. lt has rather beBn accentuated by the new
knowledge and the new dimensions of the profession. This artistry is the stem upon which the new business branches have been grafted. Undoubtedly the business farmer

Farming, however, remains a way of

much smaller threshing machines powered by horses. A man cut the

bands

Father and mother told of similar,

ability. Throughout this century the mosl noticeable change has been founded on the machine. on petroleum and electrical energy, on new chemicals

of the

sheaves and

fed in part

and on technology. The increasing role of scientific research and the contribu.

sheaves. Grandfather and grandmother

tion of men and women trained in

told of threshing with a flail, of cutting grain by hand with a cradle and of hand binding the sheaves. They told of an agriculture using mostly oxen for
motive power. These stories must have been well told. Even today they seem as vivid as if I had myself seen most of this dramatic change, change that has included most of the agricultural advances since the advent of iron tools and iron-shod wheels almost 3000
years ago.

colleges and universities has been of al least equal importance. The develop. ment and extension of new knowledge

and methods by government and

by

will fare best in the future. lf,

how-

ever, the farmer loses his feel for the land, and his empathy for livestock, he becomes a less efficient businessman. ln addition he forfeits the opportunity of the prime dividend that farming as a way of life may provide. My memory goes back to an Ontario agriculture that was almost entirely horse-powered and wood-heated. All the petroleum products used on most Ontario farms were brought home in a

agri-business have been the great developer of business-oriented farmers. The farmer has been becoming bet.

ter trained and more knowledgeable

Throughout

all this period

of

throughout the lifetime of the oldest of us. The automobile and improved means of travel and communication have done their share. These. with the availability of trained, dedicated extension personnel, have made today's
farmers a professional group.

the rate of
and yet

change, people have been saying that

couple
10

of two-gallon

cans. Threshing

it has, and the pace has continued to accelerate. Both the new

change cannot continue;

ln my opinion some time during the last 10, 15 or 20 years, "selectivity" has also become a factor. This is in-

deed

change. From

the time of

development of the first cities 5,000 or 6,000 years ago, professional selec-

of the total
farming.
62.4o/o

tivity has tended to be unfavourable to the farm sector. The road to wealth,
prestige, power or adventure led away

farms.
6.5o/o.

ln

of the population were on

1973,

At the turn of

Population engaged in

the century

upon the aid, the attitude and the support of the farm wife . . . The family-owned farm corporation

it was approximately

from the farm, and the bright lights with the higher and more immediate rewards have continuously fueled a brain-drain, tending to rob the farm group of an undue proportion of high initiative and ability. A decade or so
ago the increasing necessity of business

the greater the importance of who remains in the profession. lf Canada and the world are to have enough safe
and economically priced food, it must come from a smaller group with higher

The smaller the group in agriculture,

must be regarded as a businessoriented development of the family farm. lt provides a means whereby
families may pool their resources and their abilities, making farming more

attractive.

lt

also provides a greater

ability reached a new high. This business need coincided

individual qualifications. This small group also has the responsibility of

conserving the soil. Higher standards

opportunity for holidays, a reasonable amount of leisure and a way of life sufficiently attractive to be selective of
ever-improving levels of ability, training and initiative. When we consider the position and

with

increasing

need for that built-in affinity

for

agri-

of conservation will
conservation

be demanded. The

culture and the agricultural way of life that makes a good farmer. The writing on the wall read, and still reads: "Get
good. or get out".

food-producing soils must be done by farm peopte.

of our

status

of

farming today, we must

will

ln my opinion good land and good farming in the better districts of the advanced countries have been coming into stronger and more able hands and
continue
horizon for one of the oldest and more honourable professions.

I would suggest that the next great forward step in Canadian agriculture would come through a higher degree of development of farm labourers or
associate farmers. Of all the workers in a modern free economy, there is prob-

realize that we are looking at an industry that has passed through a considerable period of change, trial and

to do so. lt is a new

ably no group more deserving of

greater recognition. higher status and better financial reward. At the turn of

change in all facets of farming, there has been little loss of freedom, independence, and the opportunity to choose the route that the individual will follow. He may specialize or he may engage in mixed farming. He may farm alone, may farm with family help, or he may employ associate farmers. He may operate as an individual or he may choose to incorporate.

ln spite of

the century probably a majority of

Canadian farms employed steady help. Farm workers as a percentage of the farm work force has declined - rather consistently until 1960, reaching a low of one in ten or less. The major decrease in the number of employees is

usually explained as being due to

machines,

and electricity

replacing

manpower. The decrease has beer-. due as much to conditions off the farm as

What of the future? I hesitate to guess. Certainly there will be more

change. lt is difficult to see how the rate of change can continue at so rapid
a pace, but

to those on the farm. The growth of industry and the opportunities and attractions of town and city together
with the availability of education
have

adversity. Most of the advanced nations have in three-quarters of a century had their farm work force shrink from 60% or 7Oo/o of their total population, to a 5% or 15o/o level. ln free economics this could not occur except under conditions of economic disadvantage to the farm group. While it is true that many left agriculture because of the lack of sufficient finances to stari farming, it is also true that they entered other callings without sufficient finances to start at the ownership level. All have left because other fields appeared to offer more for the amount of capital, the total of ability, training and work-willingness that the individual had to offer. These personal decisions in the past threequarters of a century were being made largely in a time of low food prices. The era of cheap food may well be

it may well

be so.

Around the wgrld no form of agriculture has met the lean years, the fat years, the technical change and the political change so f lexibly and so successfully as the family farm. The

given farm youth a choice. Usually the city has been an easier, brighter. and better paid alternative. The farmer and his associates fill a place in society, so important that their revrnrd should be at least equal to available alternatives.

over. The picture today is bright, and long term outlook seems to be favour-

family farm that is

labour-wise and help, is a sound efficient competitor, and it will be around for a long time. It will continue to be the yardstick of efficiency in agriculture. The family farm and the family-owned corporate

self-contained employs no steady

The more able farmer that present business conditions is selecting seems bound to produce a larger percentage of those who are team players and are
capable of directing a group. I would think that we would see more farms

able for a "good life" down on the farm . . . A good life will not be possible, however, without the farm operator having initiative and participating in ongoing training. The need for a sharp pencil, an adequate set of records and sound business methods are

going to become increasingly important as time goes along.

{.*.**
A "good life"
is measured by happi-

farm will probably increase in importance. Farms will almost certainly

continue to become larger. At the turn

with employees or associates. No one should write an article on the way of life and on business and team work as they affect farms with-

out drawing attention to the farmer's

of the century the

average Canadian

farm was 116 acres.

ln

1973

it

wife and her place on that

team.

ness and success. These are possible only if the farmer has a sound plan and is headed in the same direction as his farm associates. The Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food staff

was

463 acres. There will probably continue to be an even smaller percentage

Whether she helps actively on the farm or holds an off-the-farm job, much of the success of the enterprise depends

are one

of the many resources

that

farmers can use to assist in developing a sound plan - for a "good life".
11

Rtr@"'
\o

{o'$
We all have them. Children can hardly wait for them.

Some older people wish they would never come! But, nevertheless, birthdays are considered to be rather special days in Canada. And we follow some special customs for them as well. But why? The practice of marking an individual's exact date of
birth came into existence only with the reckoning of time by a fixed calendar. The custom of observing bifthdays, although an ancient one and at present very popular in many countries, is far from being universal. One of the first birthday celebrations recorded was that of the Pharaoh mentioned in the Bible.

Persia celebrated the birthdays of $ods, kings and nobles. lt was not considered important to mark the birthday of commoners, especially of wdmen and children. For example, the Romans observed May 24, the birth of Artemis, and May 25th, the day of Apollo. They celebrated the occasion with.parades, circuses, and
chariot races, much li ke we celebrate the 24lh ol May, or

thereabouts, as the Queen's birthday, with special festivities and fireworks. Also ancient towns, cities, and nations celebrated the birthdays of their patrons.
O.rganized religions, such ds Christianity, lslam, and

Hinduism, celebrate the birth dates of their founders. That's why many Canadians celebrate Christmas-the birth of Christ. Also in Christian tradition, children are often named after saints. As a result, in some countries,
the observance of the saint's birthday is more important than the child's own. In the Far East (China, Japan, Korea) on the New Year, people automatically add one year to their ages. The most significant birthdays are celebrated when a man reaches the age of 60 and every ten years thereafter. The reason for this is the belief in these countries that youth lasts from birth to 32 years of age; middle age lrom 32 to 40 years of age; and old age from 40 to 60 years of age, so that a new life cycle begins at the 61st

And it came

b pass the third

day,

which was Pharaoh's birthday, that he made a feast unto all his servanfs . . . (Genesis 40:20)
Another birthday mentioned in the Bible was thatof King Herod Antipas (Mark 6:21) who celebrated his birthday by holding a $reat feast for the noblemen and army generals of Galilee.

The ancient world of Egypt, Greece, Rome, and

12

birthday!

ln Europe and North America an individual's birthday, especially a child's, is an important occasion often celebrated by a family dinner or a party of friends with the customary giving of gifts. Many of the customs we observe in Canada have their beginnings in folklore and superstition. Originally, birthdays looked into the future and their celebration was regarded as ensuring continuation of life. ltwas held that life was renewed on that day, which was thought magically to repeat one's actual birth. lf properly observed, the birthday ritualmeant life, health and prosperity for the next 12 months. This is why the birthday wish is for "many happy returns of the day". The purpose of our birthday cake and candles is to honour the birthday person and also to bring him or her the best of luck in the coming year. This custom goes
back to the ancient Greeks. Worshippers of Artemis, the goddess of the moon and hunting, used to put honeycakes on the altars of her temple on the sixth day of every month, which was her birthday. The cakes were round like the full moon and lighted with tapers. No further record of this custom exists between the days of those Greek moon-worshippers and its re-appearance among German peasants in the Middle Ages, who again used to light candles on birthday cakes' This was done at the moment the child awakened. The candles were kept burning until the cake was eaten at

the child. An extra taper representing the light of life was always added. Like sacrificial fires, burning tapers were endowed from earliest days with a mystical significance and it was believed that the birthday candle had the power to grant a wish and ensure a happy year fbr the ehild. However, the wish, which had to remain secret, would only come true if all the candles were blown out with one puff. The candle lost its magical power if the wish was uttered aloud.

The old belief that the candle symbolized life is

retained in many sayings. Thus we warn people of not "burning the candle at both ends" and Shakespeare's Macbeth spoke of life as a "brief candle". ln folklore, trials of strength and perseverance on one's birthdaywere considered demonstrations of prog-

ress. Perhaps that is why we still endure birthday

spankings! chorus, of "Happy Birthday to You", originated in the United States in the late 1800's. ln 1893 a New York schoolteacher, Mildred Hill, entertained her class with a little self-made greeting, "Good Morning to All", which became the basic music formula for "Happy Birthday to You". The song was published in that same year in Chicago in a book called "Song Stories for the Kindergarten". The copyright on the song is still held by a l( descendent of the original

Our youngest birthday custom, the

traditional

the family meal. lf necessary, they were replaced by

new ones. The number of candles indicated the age of

company.

ONTARIO 4-H'ERS ATTEND AMERICAN

YOUTH TEADERSHIP GAMP

Each year, Ontario has the opportunity to send two 4-H delegates, one agricultural and one homemaking, to
discussion. ln the afternoon there were personal interest groups. I took archery

the American Youth Foundation

and crafts. At least my arrows

go

Leadership Training Camp in Michigan. Roger Garner, Oxford, and Penny Barber, Prince Edward, were this

straight now! I also learned some neat bead-stringing techniques which may come in handy at Christmas time!"

year's representatives. Camp Miniwaca, where the training is given, occupies 200 acres on Lake Michigan and Stony Lake, Oceana County, Michigan. The following is Penny's report on the camp:
"Each morning we woke at 7:00 to be

"During the camp we were divided into tribes and there were often tribal
games which gave us a chance to meet more of the girl campers from across United States and Canada. ln free time we swam, wrote home, slept or washed our hair in the buckets provided! At vespers the sunsets were always different but always beautiful. Evenings

ready for flag raising and exercises.

Following this there was a quiet period at the lakeside. After breakfast, we attended sessions on "four-fold" development, faith and leadership which sometimes included an opportunity for group

included special activities such as a

rodette." "The Danforth Camp certainly was a worthwhile experience with all the new friends I made."
13

Penny Barber

The

Agricultural
Museum
r a place to share
our heritage

What do young people expea:'.: " What can they anticipate see

far better off forgotten?

musty, antiquated, faded relics cr a :a.:

peoplecan useamuseumtotheir aa.,2".ii. -:,,, can theyouthof l9T5becomeinvolved r^'..e, -; * s:cryof this great country of ours? These are some of the questions i'a: -:.,e ceen coursing through the minds of the persons 'ers:,.nsible for the planning and building of Ontario s ^er,es: agricultural project, the Ontario Agricultural Museu^i. lt is

" .' ':- -. ary is ls there a-_, /,e. :=: ,cung -

: - --seum? -; :e,t-t= 3t,r3 old,

hoped that this provincialMuseum will play an imporlant role in expanding the awareness of our great agricultural heritage. Agriculture is not only the first industry in Ontario, historically speaking; it continues to make the most significant contribution to the social and economic health of this province and its people. lt is vital then, that we all know what agriculture is, and where it is going. Hence the importance of our past, for the past is our benchmark, and we need to know where we have been. The Ontario Agricultural Museum is being established on a 92-acre site on the south side of Highway 401 (Macdonald-Cartier Freeway) near Milton. lts purpose is to provide a perpetual home for the artifacts and

the historical items related to Ontario agriculture and

horticulture, and by displaying and demonstrating these items, to provide an oppoftunity for the general public, young and old, rural and urban, to gain a better appreciation of the agricultural industry. The Museum is a project of the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food.
The Museum is designed to take people through the

evolution of Ontario agriculture, from the primitive beginnings to the sophisticated techniques of relatively

modern times. lnitially this will be done in the main

building which includes a large exhibition hall. Eventually, however, the whole 92-acre site will be a display area. Half of it will be laid out in a Pioneer Farmstead Park which will include about six complete sets of farm buildings, as well as a "crossroads community" of church, school, generalstore and blacksmith shop. This will not be another "PioneerVillage". This area's "thing" is agriculture, so the museum will actually be telling the history of the people and countryside surrounding the
village.

Each of the sets of farm buildings will depict a

different type of architecture, a different era in time or a different area of the province. The barns will be display areas for equipment and machinery; the smaller out14

buildings will be display areas for tools and smaller equipment; the houses will be furnished and equipped
as they would have been in their particular era. perhaps

we will even be able to find an early 4-H'er's bedroom complete with trophies, photos and fair ribbons!

and photos displayed. A reference library will also be part of the Centre. Here visitors will be able to find old farm magazines, books, films, photos and other historical material related to agriculture, including information on 4-H and Junior Farmers. The Junior Farmers, Association of Ontario has decided that the Museum is the ideal place to keep the historical records on the Century Farm project. The Museum's chailenge is "to inform, to educate and to entertain at one and the same time". Anyone involved in agriculture can see the potential the Museum may have for enlightening consumers, particularly the 5 million plus who live within thirty miles of the
site.

"This is a project in which the people of Ontario can

The General Manager, R. W. Carbert, has stated:

The Lucas Farmstead will be the first of six sets of pioneer buildings to be established on the Museum site. The farmstead had remained in the Lucas family for six generations until the sale in 1974. The frame house, pictured above, was built in 1830. lt has already been transported to the s/te near Milton. Restoration of the house wiil begin this summer with the help of "Experience'75" students.

concerts and rallies. There are plans for individual displays and demon-

rural community by horse and wagon to help them ,,feel,, as well as "see" the history around them. lt is a well known fact today that a museum based on wall to wall displays of "old things" will not excite peopte about history- People expect things to ,,happen,,-and happen they will, here! There will be a large demonstration area, with a 30 toot,Vq mile track and grassed slopes for public viewing, which will provide a place for parades, demonstrations, shows, competitions, field days, etc. One end of this area will make a natural amphitheatre ideally suited for

Through the area there will be demonstrations as well as displays, to provide action as well as artifact, to depict the changing face of Ontario agricutture through 200 years. People will travel through the reproduced

This barn, one of two being moved lrom the originat Lucas Farmsteadsite, was built around 1 840. This is the older barn of the two, first being used for livestock and later as a driveshed.

today. For example, plans are underway for a ,,drainage" display to illustrate the various drainage m6thods
that have been used and the trernendous rolL they have played in improving farm production. lt is hoped the Museum will encompass as many facets of Ontario agriculture as possible, including dairying, poultry, cash crops, tobacco, fruit orchards, beekeeping, etc. The main museum building, just completed, will

strations tracing things from their first use, to their place

iti{:d,1lni!;W;4Wffi,W.!;1,lt\i:,!:,
What's so special about a door lock? This one is on the single door of the barn above. lt's hand made. lf you look very closely, you may be able to see the initials, "T.D.", of the craftsman.

house an "Orientation Centre,, where films can be presented, meetings conducted and smaller mllections

15

participate. The province is providing the site, the buildings, the staff and the initiative. We hope the general public will accept the challenge to furnish the museum with agricultural artifacts, and make il their Museum". How can you, then, as rural youth who care about your heritage, become involved? ln many ways. The Museum already owns a substantial collection of agricultural artifacts which will form the basis for the displays at the site. But there is a great need for additional items. "We need people who will keep their eyes open for articles in barns, drivesheds, attics, basements and fence corners, and bring together the donor and the Museum", says Mr. Carbert. lf you should find someone who would like to donate an item to the Agricultural Museum, simply have them fill out an "lntention to Donate Artifacts" form available at your local Ontario
Ministry of Agriculture and Food office. Once the form is received by the Museum, they will contact the donor to discuss the item. The greater the participation, the better the displays and the more meaningfulthe Museum. ln the future, since the Museum will be a place of action and the emphasis will be on demonstrations and activities, there should be opportunities for Junior Farm-

government's youth work program, "Experience '75",

twenty young people will be hired to help develop displays and restore artifacts. lf you're interested, you
can obtain further information by contacting: Mr. R. W. Carbert, The Ontario Agricultural Museum, Ministry of Agriculture and Food, Parliament Buildings, Queen's Park, Toronto, Ontario.

ers, 4-H'ers and other organizations to become involved. There will be a need for volunteers, with or without special skills, to help with the project. Demonstrations will need demonstrators; buildings will need
builders; artifacts will require restoration. But for now the Museum needs people who will keep their eyes open and tell potential donors about the Museum project. lf you are especially keen, there may be an additional opportunity for you to become involved with the Agricultural Museum. This summer through the Ontario

THE OLD BARN Standing alone and silent, You must feel resentment, For you saw only one moment; And now you are worthless. As a brand new day calls, A stone or two within your walls. Gradually /oosens and falls; Oh tortured ruins, forgive us. Years ago you were made, Using many a sfee/ pick and space Slowly your foundation was laid. Storage and shelter were your DL-c,.se And when work was done. You towered up to the sun. The happy folk around you ciic .:It seemed your reign would be :,'re -..s But then a different age we delec:e: It was an urban one we selecteC. Suddenly you were abandoned e-c -.-c ?c:ed: It was then your mystique begar: :5 -e-.: us . . RaDe.: ','a., Wyk

Orc'c

Co'-nry

Site percpective

Ontario Agricultural Museum.

DETEGATES TO THE I.J.K. FOR L975

Winners of the Travelling Scholarships to the Unlted Kingdom, sponsored by the Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and Food, were announced recently at the Junior Farmer Talent Festival. The group willspend a period of six weeks, from June 1 to July 15, visiting with host families in England, Scotland and Wales' Scholarships were awarded to Arlene Allin, Durham; Jim Hammell, Bruce; Bonnie Millen, Peterborough; Donna McKay, Perth; Jim Phelan, Huron; and Bert Thom, Lanark County.
Arlene Allin is a registered nurse at Oshawa General Hospital. She lives on a120 acre farm involved in dairying and raising beef. Arlene has been an active

ffi

ffi,ffi .. "ffiKtup &ffiffi fl#ffiffia3ffi{Yry

Junior Farmer for three years, as a

member on numerous committees and

taking part at zone and provincial

events. As a 4-H'er, Arlene completed both agricultural and homemaking projects. She is involved in her local church choir and also enjoys playing piano.

Jim Hammell lives on a 450 acre

family farm where he, his father and his
brother maintain both a dairy herd and a

beef herd. Jim has participated in numerous Junior Farmer activities in his
area and has held the office of President

for his local club. Having taken part in the 4-H program as a member, Jim is now a 4-H club leader. He is also involved with the local fair board and his community church.

b rt.) Arlene Allin, Durham; Jim Hammell, Bruce; Donna McKay, Pefih; Bonnie Millen, Peteborough; Jim Phelan, Huron; BertThom, Lanark; Henry Stanley, Agricultural Representative, Regional Municipality of
(1.

Halton.

group to entertain locally, representing her county as a team member for

BertThom isthe D.H.l.A. (Dairy Herd lmprovement Association) Supervisor

for Lanark County. His home
is on a

Donna McKay lives on a family dairy

farm near Stratford. She is employed in the Medical Records Department of

Stratford General Hospital. Donna is

presently chairman of the county Junior

years as a member. Bonnie has completed both 4-H homemaking and agricultural clubs. She is presently a Junior Director on the Peterborough Exhibition

square dancing, sports and musical events, and helping to plan numerous other club activities during her seven

300

acre family farm concerned primarily

with dairying and some beef finishing.
During his eight years as a Junior Farm-

Farmer Public Relations Committee and has also bedn involved in numerous club and county projects. As a 4-H'er,

er member Bert has held nearly all club and county offices including President. He has taken part in many county, zone

Board and sings in the local church

choir. Music and showing cattle are two of her special interests.

she undertook both agricultural

Secretary-Treasurer

and

and provincial programs. Locally, he has helped with fund raising events,
field days and other community efforts. Bert has been a 4-H club leader for the past two years having completed some fifteen projects as a member. He has also participated in most of the regional and provincial 4-H programs. Bert's other interests include playing in a local broomball league, snowmobiling and working with and judging dairy

homemaking clubs. Donna is presently

Central Perth Planning Board. Other community activities include coaching a peewee girls' softball team and playing in local sports.

of the

Jim Phelan operates his own dairy farm of 200 acres. He is presently milking 40-50 cows and expanding into dairy

Bonnie Millen is a public health

nurse working out of Lindsay. She is a graduate of the University of Toronto in Nursing Science. Her home is on a 300 acre dairy farm. This year Bonnie chaired the Zone 2 Junior Farmer Conference held in Peterborough. Her other roles in Junior Farmers have included working on the county public relations

committee, organizing

a folk singing

beef finishing. This year Jim holds the position of Vice-President for tha Huron County Junior Farmers. During his time as a member he has helped organize numerous club projects. Jim's experience with 4-H includes completion of several dairy projects. Jim is an avid broomballplayer, being quite involved with the W.O.B.A. (Western Ontario Broomball Association). His other interests include water-skiing and snowmobiling.

cattle.

Henry Stanley, a popular figure in many agricultural activities in central

Ontario, including 4-H and Junior Farmers, will accompanythe group. Mr. Stanley is the Agricultural Representative for the Regional Municipality of Halton.
'17

Stormont Junior Farmers helped out with the Newington

the Santa Claus parade. Their float, called " Se.t. Christmas effott s ho p ", f e atu red I ocal mem be r s d ressed as e/ves, toy s an d M r. an d t/' (leftto right) Maureen Acres, Barb Taylor, Peggy Lee, Gayle Bt: Ouderkirk, Art Sinfield, (tront) Kathy Grant.

c.---':? . 1,.'<: a . - s. ., a2:^y

A 4-H Affairfrom Startto Finish!

Lanark County 4-H'ers played an important role in the success of their annual Agricultural club Awards Night, attended by over 400 members, parents and friends.
Besides helping plan the event, mem4-H Leadership Conference delegate, chaired the evening's activities, and also shared some of the highlights of the week she spent at the University of Guelph. Other reports included those on the Regional 4-H Conference at Carleton University and the 4-H Club Camp at the Central Canada Exhibition. These were given by Ernie Ferguson and Debbie Yellen, respectively. David James, a

"Advanced Honours"
Five girls rn Dufferin County received "Advanced Honours" at the completion of their eighteenth 4-H homemaking club project, "Dairy Fare". Marie Bryan received her pie server and certificate at the Orangeville Achievement Day. Sheila McCabe, Donna Blackburn, Sharon Rutledge and Donna Henderson received theirs at the Shelburng Achievement Day.

well. Elva Fletcher, Provincial

bers handled much of the program as

tion on behalf of

senior 4-H'er from the Middleville 4-H Community Club expressed apprecia-all

Lanark 4-H'ers to the

Club Leaders who contributed to the success of the county clubs. Dale

Special guest that evening was Brenda Trask, Ontario's Dairy Princess, who presented 4-H'ers with their project
certificates. Lanark Junior Farmers also contributed to the program, serving the food at the banquet and providing awards to
\: :

Brady, another Provincial Conference delegate, introduced the head table.

4-H'ers completing Youth Leadership

projects.

\
Hastings County Junior Farmers recently presented a geriatric cha,'Io a local nursing home as one of their community involvement projects. RNA Jan;ce Murray (left) looks on as Mrs. Pearl Wilson tries out the chair, after Barbara Morgan, Junior Farmer club president made the presentation. The chair rs a mobile-affair, with small wheels and a brake, and a desk{ype table on the'front for use by the occupant. (photo courtesy of the Stirling News Argus).

18

Perth County Junior Farmers Share Christmas Spirit Under the co-ordination of the Children's Aid Society members of Perth
County Junior Farmers provided Christmas food baskets to twenty-five families in their local communities. Members

purchased and packed the food in

quantities geared to the family size. The baskets were distributed by the Children's Aid Society. Some of the funds were also used to

buy gifts for older children and teenagers, a group the Society has more difficulty providing for. While the Junior Farmers contributed
$1 100 in funds for the project, it was the

group willingness and enthusiasm preparing the baskets which really made this a community involvement project.

University of Guelph Junior Farmers helped celebrate the centennial of the Ontario Agricuttural Cotlege by presenting them with a "Century Farm" sign. Ron Fleming, President of the University Junior Farmer Club, made the presentation to Dr. A.G. Ball, Associate Dean of O.A.C. at the club's Annual Banquet.

4-H'er Receives Scholarship

Darryl Mitchell, Middlesex County, is the first recipient of the "Stewart Seeds Scholarship Award for 4-H members." Darryl is presently attending the University of Guelph in a Bachelor of Science in Agriculture program. He received the $500 scholarship on the basis ol his community involvement including

This is the Way You Do lt, Dad Not only are Wellington County 4H'ers "learning to do by ddng"-so are
some of their parents. During the Harriston 4-H Calf Club

Achievement Day, eleven moms and

dads demonstrated their skills in a "4-H

Parent Showmanship class". Roles

school, 4-H, Junior Farmers, and his

academic record.

The "Stewart Seeds

Scholarship Ontario

Award for 4-H members" was develop-

ed in 1974 in honour of the

were reversed as 4-H'ers took ringside positions to watch their parents take up the calf halters. Not only was it entertaining; many of the 4-H'ers were surprised how well their mom or dad could handle a calf!
Top parent showman was awarded to Mrs. Doug Anderson; reserue showman was given to Mr. Doug Anderson. Harold Robertson placed third. Looks like this will be an interesting part of the Harriston calf club Achieve-

Agricultural College's Centennial. lt was designed to be awarded annually to an Ontario 4-H club member entering into his or her first semester of a B.Sc, Agriculture program at O.A.C.

Darryl Mitchell

ment Day in future years!

Awards Night in East Nipissing The East Nipissing 4-H Awards

Night was a special event for the members of the Bonfield, Eau Claire and the Rutherglen 4-H Agricultural clubs. More

than 70 parents and friends attended

the banquet. Each lady received a small green and white corsage, symbolic of the 4-H colours. Members of the Bonfield club presented two songs during
the dinner. Other members gave reports on trips including Provincial 4-H Leader-

ship Conference (Theresa Mclaren),

the Regional 4-H Conference at Canadore College (Marc Vailloncourt), the senior trip to Montreal (Connie Rose) and the junior trip to Sudbury (Lynn
Thompson and Steven Wall).
Among the award winners at the East Nipissing 4-H Awards Nightwere, from left: Hubert Shankfrom Bonfield, Merit Award; Diane Pearson of Bonfield, Top Member Award; Ray Smith of Rutherford, a senior club member; Marcel Paulhus, Agricultural Representative; Theresa McLaren, Rutherglen, senior club member; Linda Gleason of Eau Claire, Top Member Award and Wendy Curran of Eau Claire, Top Member Award. (photo courtesy of the North Bay Nugget).

19

Junior Farmers receive Association Awards

Each year the Junior Farmers' Association of Ontario provides scholarships to diploma and degree students at the various agricultural colleges across the province. Recipients for the 1974-75 school term are:

York 4-H'ers Share SPotlight with Toros

4-H Crops Club featured fall wheat in their educational exhibit. Along with
During the Markham Fair the Markham

Pat Stewart, Middlesex County-

much favourable comment and a "first class" rating the club received a sum of money as an award. As a result the members decided to use it to see a W.H.A. Toronto Toros' hockey game at Maple Leaf Gardens. About 60 4-H'ers, leaders and parents attended the Houston Aeros-Toros game. Gordie Howe, playing with his two sons, was the main

Ridgetown College of Agricultural Technology.

Paul Kerr, Kent County-Ridgetown College of Agricultural Technology.

Janice McDonald, Perth CountyCentralia College of Agricultural Technology.

attraction, and some felt theY were

seeing a "collector's item".

Ralph Dietrich, Bruce County-Centralia College of Agricultural Technology.

During the game the news screen flashed this item: "Welcome Markham 4-H Clubs". There was a loud cheer'

Lorne McGee, Northumberland-

Kemptville College of Agricultural Technology. Tim Henshaw (York County), University of Guelph--O.A.C. University of
Guelph.

Promoting Pork!
Donnalene Pletsch, an active Perth County Junior Farmer and 4-H'er will be promoting the pork industry during the next twelve months as the Ontario Pork Hostess. Donnalene, a registered nurse at the Stratford General Hospital, was awarded her title during the Royal Winter Fair. She has completed seventeen 4-H clubs and is presently an editor of the Perth County Junior Farmer newsletter.

Some thought it was for us, but most felt

it was for Mahovolich

who had just

scored a goal. It was an exciting night!

CarolYn Davidson Markham 4-H CroPs Club

Dave Besley, Dufferin--O.A.C. University of Guelph.

Anne Kraemer (Waterloo County),

University of Guelph-Faculty of Consumer Studies, University of Guelph.

for the Zone 7 Conference in Palmerties.

"Ready, Set, Go!" "Ready, Set, Go" was the theme

ston attended by Junior Farmers from Bruce, Huron, Grey and Perth coun-

Working in discussion groups, the delegates considered the many aspects of planning local meetings and activities, and developed some useful and exciting ideas. Mixed with the "talk" sessions were "play" periods to give those attending some new recreation
ideas to use in their home clubs. These were led by Jan Whitehead and 1974 Hoosier Recreation Workshop graduates, Jean Packham and Stan Towers. lncreased interest in exchange trips

was evident after Joyce

DavenPort,

Grey County, showed slides of her visit "down under" representing Ontario on the 1974 Junior Farmer Australia and New Zealand Visit.

Suppertime gave the delegates

a.

chance to informally exchange ideas on Junior Farmers and make new acquaintances as well.

Kiwanians Honour Halton 4-H'ers and agricultural club members lrom Halton at their annual 4-H Awards
Banquet. This event is a project of the Kiwanis' Agricultural and Conservation Committee. Those attending included: (front l. to rt.) Marie Murray, Holly Hurren, Ellen Hurren, Joseph Weeden, Dianne Dorsey, Lorraine Holding (Home Economist) and Bill Sellors. (back l. to rt.) Jeff Nurse (club leade), Bill Robinson, James Lindsay, Cecil Patterson, Nancy Lawrence, Lila Dennis and Bruce McKeown. Absent from photo: John Reid, Mrs. Mariorie Cordingley (club leader) and Henry Stanley (Agricultural Representative). 20
The Kngsway Kwanis Club entertained several of the top 4-H homemaking

Is it
ffi

calf
agaln

this year?
Will your 4-H dairy project be a calf again this year? It doesn't have to be. There are many facets to the dairy industry and there can be just as many facets to your 4-H dairy project.
ln most parts of Ontario 4-H members

Peter Fleming (left) is congratulated by Glenn Ruegg (right), President of the Junior Farmers' Association of Ontailo on receiving the Junior Farmer Travelling Scholarship to Australia and New Zealand for 1 976.

OXFOBD JUNIOR FARMER TO

care for a calf for four to six months for their first project. While a 4-H'er may decide to raise a calf again the next
year, there are alternative dairy projects he or she can take. For example, if you are in your second year of 4-H, you could have a yearling heifer for your project-this would help you learn more about breeding and sire selection. Another time you might like to use a mature cow, starting with the calving period and following through keeping milk production records and breeding the cow again. lf you are a senior member, there is the "dairy herd management" project in which you keep milk production, breeding or other types of records on part or all of your farm's herd. While beef prices certainly aren't encouraging it right now, it is possible to have a "market" project using a dairy animal. One project might be raising a pen of three or more veal calves. With this project you record feed, disease

VISIT "DOWN UNDER" IN 1976

Peter Fleming, Oxford County, will be representing Ontario Junior Farmers as he heads for "down under" in 1976. Peter has been awarded the Junior Farmer Travelling Scholarship to Australia and New Zealand sponsored by the Junior Farmers'Association of Ontario and the United Cooperatives of Ontario. The announcement was made at the annual Junior Farmer Talent Festival in Toronto. Peter is presently a fourth year student at the University of Guelph where he is majoring in agricultural economics. As a Junior Farmer member, Peter has made outstanding contributions both locally and provincially. He has held various executive positions in his elub and county organizations and has chaired the publicity and constitution committees as well. Currently he is Oxford's Provincial Director to the Junior Farmers'Association of Ontario. ln this position he is also serving as a member of the provincial Public Relations Committee. Peter is a former 4-H member and a club leader in his home community. He has also been active in university activities including the campus Junior Farmer club, the square dance club, the Agricultural Economics Society and intra-mural sports. Peter likes to keep up to date on current land use planning programs and local government.

problems and learn the economics of veal production. lf preferred, you could

raise one or more steers from dairy

origin.

Will you have a calf again this year? You may be ready for a new challenge! Make your project plans, then talk them over with your leader.

21

ing and cycling. During his spare time he sells cards.

162 NANCY LAFAVE,

9, R.R. #2,

are sports, reading, listening to records, sewing, collecting tropical plants, travelling and belonging to a 4-H Veterinary Science club.

Newington, Ontario, would like a penpal around her own age. She is a Highland Dancer and also likes animals.

$r: tio"t
Below are listed some of the people who to have 4-H penpals. Hope you'll find someone that you'd like to have

174. DEBBIE LISE LOWRY, 13, BOX 60, Tiverton, Ontario, spends her spare time sewing, painting, drawing, playing
baseball and baby-sitting. She also likes being around animals.

163. BERNADETTE LAFAVE,8, R.R.

#2, Newington, Ontario, is in grade

3. She would like to hear from a boy or girl penpal around her own age.

175. SHEILA McLEAN, 13, R.R. #1, Conn, Ontario, would like a 4-H penpal.

164. LORI KIRKLAND, 13, Box

75,

ice skating, baseball, snowmobiling, and collecting records. She would like to hear from a boy or girl.
165. VALERIE FORD, 15, Duntroon,
Ontario, is looking for a boy penpal. Her hobbies are snow skiing, water skiing, swimming, fishing, boating, hiking, and camping.

Hepworth, Ontario, likes roller skating,

Her special interests are swimming, skating, snowmobiling, horses and 4-H!
176. JAN SNOBELEN, 15, R.R. #3, Kent Bridge, Ontario, enjoys being a
4-H member. She also likes horseback
riding, roller skating, boating, swimming and motorcycling. Jan would like to hear from a boy or girl penpal.

would like

177. CHERYL ROOK, 14, Box

51, are

Komoka, Ontario, is hoping to hear from

for a penpa I friend

We're sorry we couldn't.print all the

names we received for this issue. But if your

166. TAMMI HARRON, 11, R.R. #2, Allenford, Ontario, would like a boy or
girl penpal as far away from her home as possible! She lives on a farm. Tammi's interests are cooking, swimming, reading, cycling, and taking piano lessons.

a boy or girl penpal. Her hobbies

painting, collecting records, baby-sitting, hiking and most other sports.

name's not in this list, watch Ior the next

Enthusiast. Names of penpals will

lnterested in having a penpal 7 Send your name, age, and address to

be

appearing on a first come, f irst served basis.

:

167. SHERRIE LAMPMAN, R.R. #1, Ridgetown, Ontario, likes swimming,

snowmobiling, ice skating and roller
skating.

The Penpal Place c/o The Editor Extension Branch

178. LYNNE HIPKIN,14, R.R. #5,KNlaloe, Ontario, would like a penpal as far away from her home as possible. ln the winter she skates, plays broomball and reads. ln the summer she swims, hikes, cooks and sews. 179. KAREN HAGGERTY, 14,
7O7

Ontario Ministry of Agriculture and

Food

168. BRENDA LLOYD, 14, R.R. #4, Shelburne, Ontario, would like to have
either a girl or boy penpal. She enjoys all summer and winter sports, sewing and

Parliament Buildings

is interested in good music, hiking, camping, swimming, skating and 4-H, as well as writing and receiving letters.
She hopes to hear from boys or girls.

Fielden, Ave., Port Colbourne, Ontario,

Toronto, Ontario
Be sure to include some of your interests and hobbies.

cooking.

169. DONNA KELFORD, 17,R.R. #1, Arden, Ontario, is especially interested

180. ANNE LIVESEY, 15, Box

135,

in animals, summer sports, travelling

and drawing.
(continued from last issue)

Desbarats, Ontario, is looking for a boy or girl penpal close to her age. She has many interests including Scottish danc-

170. MAUREEN McNAUGHTON,

13,

R.R. #1, Bainsville, Ontario, is looking for a girl penpal from anywhere! She likes horseback riding, reading books, swimming, baseball and snowmobiling.

ing, collecting Canadian stamps coins, 4-H homemaking projects,

and and

sports, especially basketball and hockey. (She is a Bobby Orr fan!) Anne's favourite school subjects are French,
English and Geography.

159. SUSAN BRADY, 10, R.R. #6,

Chatham, Ontario, has many hobbies

171. DAN SHEFFIELD, 14, R.R. #1,

Bath, Ontario, is a country music fan. He

181. DIANNE VINGERHOEDS,

.I5,

including sewing, biking, swimming, reading, baking, watching T.V. and

writing letters.
13, R.R. #1, Bolton, Ontario, belongs to both 4-H homemaking and 4-H agricultural clubs.

would like to hear from a girl living

in

R.R. #1, Finch, Ontario, is interested in

160. ARLENE MELLOW,

Northern Ontario. His other interests are competitive horseback riding, baseball and drawing.

gardening, 4-H, reading, all kinds of sports and animals. Her ambition is to
work with animals.

She enjoys skating, swimming, music and being around animals. During the
summer she belongs to a baseball team.

172. KIM SIDDAL, iZ, n.n. #3, Denfield, Ontario, would like to write to a boy or girl penpal. Her interests are snowmobiling, horses, baseball, animals,
swimming, 4-H and boys! Dundas, Ontario, is looking for a penpal aboutthe same age. Herhobbies

182: JOANNE VINGERHOEDS,

16,

R.R. #1, Finch, Ontario, enloys skating, swimming, drawing, baking, sewing and working with animals. She hopes to become a child care worker.

161. DARCY McFADDEN, 11, R.R. #2, Paisley, Ontario, likes building
models, stamp collecting, fishing, skat22

#3,

173. SUSAN SOEPBOER, 16,

R.R. ,e

ln thisissue
we heard frofii,,,

Did we hear from

YOU?
23