CHEM 18

Homework 9

1. What minimum [NH4+] must be present to prevent precipitation of Mn(OH)2(s) from a solution that is 0.0050 M MnCl2(aq) and 0.025 M NH3(aq)? For Mn(OH)2, Ksp = 1.9 x 10-13. 2. For the equilibrium Al(OH)3(s) = Al3+(aq) + 3 OH-(aq) Ksp = 1.3 x 10-33 (a) What is the minimum pH at which Al(OH)3(s) will precipitate from a solution that is 0.075 M in Al3+(aq)? (b) A solution has [Al3+] = 0.075 M and [HC2H3O2] = 1.00 M. What is the maximum quantity of NaC2H3O2 that can be added to 250.0 mL of this solution before precipitation of Al(OH)3(s) begins? 3. A 0.10-mol sample of AgNO3(s) is dissolved in 1.00 L of 1.00 M NH3(aq). How many grams of KI can be dissolved in this solution without a precipitate of AgI(s) forming? 4. What minimum concentration of thiosulfate ion, S2O32-, should be present in 0.10 M AgNO3(aq) so that AgCl(s) does not precipitate when the solution is also made 0.010 M in Cl-(aq)? For AgCl, Ksp = 1.8 x 10-10; for Ag(S2O3)23-, Kf = 1.7 x 1013. 5. A buffer solution is 0.25 M HC2H3O2 - 0.15 M NaC2H3O2, saturated in H2S (0.10 M), and it has [Mn2+] = 0.15 M. (a) Show that MnS(s) will not precipitate from this solution (for MnS, Kspa = 3 x 107). (b) Which buffer component would you increase in concentration, and to what minimum value, to ensure that precipitation of MnS(s) begins? Assume that the concentration of the other buffer is held constant. 6. Calculate the molar solubility of Mg(OH)2 in 1.00 M NH4Cl(aq). 7. The solubility of AgCN(s) in 0.200 M NH3(aq) is 8.8 x 10-6 mol/L. Calculate Ksp for AgCN. 8. A mixture of PbSO4(s) and PbS2O3(s) is shaken with pure water until a saturated solution is formed. Both solids remain in excess. What is the [Pb2+] in the saturated solution? For PbSO4, Ksp = 1.6 x 10-8; for PbS2O3, Ksp = 4.0 x 10-7. 9. Use Ksp for PbCl2(s) and Kf for PbCl3-(aq) to determine the molar solubility of PbCl2(s) in 0.10 M HCl(aq). (Hint: What is the total concentration of lead species in the solution?)