Bibliography - Lusitania 2

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WORKS CITED PRIMARY : Newspapers: "El Paso Herald.

, May 08, 1915, HOME EDITION, Section A, Image 1About El Paso Herald. (El Paso, Tex.) 1901-1931." News about Chronicling America RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2013. As one of our primary sources, this article told us a lot about the Germans reaction to the sinking, instead of the Americans point of view. It turned my stomach as I read that Germans were glad that the Lusitania sunk, and let me imagine what the people reading this newspaper would have thought back in the early 20th century.

"Lusitania Sinking." New York Times n.d.: n. pag. Print.


This newspaper states what we knew from the onset of the project in terms of raw information -the Lusitania was sunk by a German submarine. What the newspaper does demonstrate, however, was the emotion felt by the Americans at the time. They were, in a word, shocked; they were dumbfounded attempting to comprehend the magnitude of the loss -- not only were lives lost, but peaceful relations with Germany seemed all but gone to the public.

"Roosevelt Reacts." New York Times 10 May 1915: n. pag. Print. This source demonstrated the schism in political belief after the sinking of the Lusitania; Theodore Roosevelt, unlike Woodrow Wilson, was advocating harsher, more direct actions, as proved by this source.

"The Washington Times., May 07, 1915, 2d EXTRA, Image 1About The Washington Times. (Washington [D.C.]) 1902-1939." News about Chronicling America RSS. N.p., n.d. Web. 29 Jan. 2013. Portraying the means that the United States received the message of the Lusitania sinking, this newspaper did a great job of giving the reader the immediate reaction to the sinking and how the rest of the world got the news of the sinking. Although it does not give a detailed depiction of the array of feelings felt by the people, it does give very nice factual information about response to the incident.

The Suffragist 2 June 1917, VOL V. NO. 71 sec.: n. pag. Print. This excerpt from the Women's Suffrage movement newspaper, The Suffragist, assisted us in our research by providing us with a primary source towards what the view from suffrage supporters towards the government was. "U.S. Officially At War." The Daily Missourian [Columbia, Missouri] 6 Apr. 1917: n. pag. Print. This Newspaper is depicted on the "Declaration of War" slide. This is a newspaper from The Daily Missourian announcing the declaration of War by America upon Germany and the rest of the Central Powers.

Speeches: Wilson, Woodrow. "Message on Neutrality." Speech. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. <http://millercenter.org/president/speeches/detail/3791>. This is a speech Woodrow Wilson delivered on August 20, 1914. Evidently, the speech was delivered prior to the sinking of the Lusitania, pertaining to Woodrow Wilsons stance on the war. It was highly useful as a resource as we were able to extract quotes from it validating the neutral stance America assumed on the war prior to the sinking of the Lusitania. Wilson, Woodrow. "Third Annual Message." Speech. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. <http://millercenter.org/president/speeches/detail/3794>. This was yet another speech enunciated by President Woodrow Wilson -- this time on December 7, 1915. This speech was delivered after the sinking of the Lusitania. This source was an excellent reservoir of quotes from President Wilsons thoughts on the war raging on and his acknowledgement that Americas ships were in danger when crossing the perilous waves of the Atlantic. Wilson, Woodrow. "Address to Congress." Speech. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. <http://millercenter.org/president/speeches/detail/4722>. Woodrow Wilsons Address to Congress on April 2, 1917, was quite a significant moment for our project. It was the culmination of events such as the sinking of the Lusitania that forced Wilsons hand. This was the address in which he officially asked Congress to declare war thus, providing us with a bevy of quotes of Wilson addressing the threat posed by Germany, especially the UBoats. Wilson, Woodrow. "Sixth Annual Message." Speech. Web. 12 Mar. 2013. <http://millercenter.org/president/speeches/detail/3801>. This is a message delivered by Woodrow Wilson after the conclusion of the fighting. Not only did it express the magnitude of men who were sent abroad, but it also expres sed Wilsons ideas for rising up and moving on after the war. This speech to the nation was a gold mine of quotes from Wilson as to the hopes of not only American peace, but world peace.

Documents: "The National Archives." Zimmerman Telegram. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2013. <http://www.archives.gov/global-pages/largerimage.html?i=/education/lessons/zimmermann/images/decoded-message-l.jpg>. This was the infamous Zimmerman telegram -- a telegraphed message from Germany to Mexico imploring Mexico to join the Central Powers after Germany resumed unrestricted submarine warfare. This document was intercepted and sent to the U.S -- just for us to extract quotes from Germany expounding upon their plans to unleash the U-Boats and antagonize the U.S. http://www.rmslusitania.info/primary-docs/wilson-notes/us-protest-1/ First Wilson Note This was the First Wilson note, sent from Woodrow Wilson to Germany as a direct response to the sinking of the Lusitania. It is a valuable resource for us, especially due to the fact that it provides insight into Woodrow Wilsons immediate reaction to the devastating sinking. The note

especially expounded upon Wilsons diplomatic, yet blunt approach to rectify the issue of Germany assaulting neutral ships with U-boats. "Second U.S. Protest over the Sinking of the Lusitania." The Lusitania Resource. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2013. <http://www.rmslusitania.info/primary-docs/wilson-notes/us-protest-2/>. Second Wilson Note This is yet another of the Wilson notes sent to Germany. This note attacked the German response to the sinking of the Lusitania, vehemently denying claims of the Lusitanias possible shipping of munitions. This was yet again evidence that, as a result of the sinking of the Lusitania, strain was being put in the relationship between the US and Germany. "Third U.S. Protest over the Sinking of the Lusitania." The Lusitania Resource. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2013. <http://www.rmslusitania.info/primary-docs/wilson-notes/us-protest-3/>. Third Wilson Note This was the third of the Wilson notes. Its content was presented in a far sterner demeanor. Woodrow Wilson demanded, in this note, that the Germans relinquish unrestricted submarine warfare -- excellent material for us to utilize as vindication of even Woodrow Wilson, who held a staunch position in retention of peace, had a change of mind after the sinking of the Lusitania. German Admiralty Declaration." First World War. N.p., n.d. Web. 31 Jan. 2013. <http://www.firstworldwar.com/source/germanadmiraltydeclaration.htm>. German Admiralty Declaration This was the German Admiralty Declaration that officially declared the waters near England and Ireland a war zone. It was useful to us as it provided information as to the naval circumstances around the sinking of the Lusitania. "German Response to the Sinking of the Lusitania." The Lusitania Resource. N.p., n.d. Web. 28 Jan. 2013. This primary source expounded upon the immediate German response to the Lusitania sinking. Many documents exist such as the Wilson notes that signified the American response. However, this source shed some light as to how the Germans officially attempted to cover up the sinking. "Blockade of Germany." N.p., n.d. Web. 8 May 2013. <http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/pathways/firstworldwar/spotlights/blockade.htm> This source provided access to the accounts of the blockade of Germany which in turn initiated the usage of U-Boats. Images Adolf Hitler Orating. N.p., n.d. Web 12 Apr 2013 <http://ww2db.com/images/person_hitler92.jpg> Adolf Hitler orating before a rally at Nurnberg, in 1934. Hitler, with his charismatic and powerful speeches, recruited many destitute and hopeful Germans into his Nazi Party, facilitating his rise to power. American Troops. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Apr. 2013. http://apps.carleton.edu/reason_package/reason_4.0/www/images/446131.jpg?1222293922 This image displays American troops marching through Europe, showing their grandeur upon arrival

Archduke Franz Ferdinand Image. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <http://www.google.com/imgres?q=archduke+franz+ferdinand&num=10&hl=en&safe=active&tbo=d&tbm= isch&tbnid=W0biimWhh79a0M:&imgrefurl=http://www.private-prague-guide.com/article/archduke-franzferdinand-of-austria-and-his-assassination-june-281914/&docid=BXPjwacj7j6urM&imgurl=http://www.private-prague-guide.com/wpcontent/archduke_ferdinand.jpg&w=350&h=450&ei=FPHUI6wL5D09gSF54HoBQ&zoom=1&iact=hc&vpx=218&vpy=94&dur=1234&hovh=255&hovw=198&tx=81&t y=123&sig=110950249561281396112&page=1&tbnh=134&tbnw=104&&ndsp=24&ved=1t:429,r:2,s:0,i:89 &biw=1024&bih=655>. Depicted within the source above is Franz Ferdinand, the successor to the throne of AustriaHungary. He, however, was assassinated, which had eventually snowballed so that the onset of the first world war had begun. This picture is displayed on the Instigation of World War I. Austria-Hungary Flag. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <https://encryptedtbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRGXbnjDbUtKQBZxj-VLcljaPQzEtdTeLYHZ_ylPZUj1g4L3GTZw>. The image shown is the banner of Austria-Hungary, a Central Power, as used in World War I.

Black Hand Symbol. Digital image. Black Hand (Serbia). N.p., n.d. Web. 6 May 2013. <http://www.forbiddensymbols.com/wp-content/uploads/blackhand.png>. This picture depicts the Serbian Black Hand symbol, the nationalist movement responsible for the assassination of Archduke Franz Ferdinand. This is shown on our website in Instigation of WWI, so that an image of the Black Hand is provided. British WWI Infantry. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <https://encryptedtbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRNIL4MRluG5ZXE2V8gZWbHQB87LQwPmNKrVLpoR5E95DnC 41BcGw>. British soldiers are fighting in the trenches. The British were one of the European superpowers fighting for the Allies. This image is found on the Instigation of World War I page. Cunard Poster. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <http://img2.etsystatic.com/000/0/6939617/il_fullxfull.345604518.jpg>. The Cunard lines poster advertising ships departures and arrival times. The ships listed in the document are three of the most four (the Titanic being the fourth) ships at that time period. The picture is displayed on the subdivision of Passenger Travel. Election Poster. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <http://4.bp.blogspot.com/EsEUR1i68Z0/UMzHcClvt1I/AAAAAAAAb4Q/DFUuu9yuXyI/s400/11-theodore+and+woodrow.jpg>. The election poster depicting opposing candidates Theodore Roosevelt and Woodrow Wilson. Roosevelt, who had been decided upon attempting to secure a third term after not competing against Taft. Roosevelt, however, loses the campaign against Wilson. This campaign is illustrated on the Political Standpoints. Franz Ferdinand. N.p., n.d. Web. 10 Apr. 2013. <https://encryptedtbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRWl4vDwF9PoMf4wcylm8jZTC3ztcN2K3kcEdR3vytADMSeFBQI >. The assassination of Franz Ferdinand. This assassination was the event that spurred the start of WWI. This image is located on the Instigation of World War I page.

Franz Ferdinand. Digital image. University of Montana. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 May 2013. <http://umt.edu/memorialrow/imx/WWI/smallferdinand.jpg>. This picture depicts Archduke Franz Ferdinand. It is utilized in our website in "Instigation of WWI," for the purpose of showing viewers who the Archduke was. German U-Boat. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 Apr. 2013. <http://www.icm.com.ua/uploads/posts/2010-07/1279799480_s009_u-boat-typeiibna-sajt.jpg> The German used unterseeboten, known as u-boats, tactfully in the First World War. The submarines acted as a key to success for Germany, who were near impeccable in naval warfare. Great Depression Graph. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.uri.edu/artsci/newecn/Classes/Art/INT1/Mac/Measure/Lab/LM1.E_7.jpg>. This graph depicts the unemployment rate during the Great Depression, and the prior and subsequent years. Great Depression Political Cartoon. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.bearishnews.com/wpcontent/uploads/2009/11/1931-bread-bank-line.jpg>. The political cartoon depicts the masses of the people affected by the depression, in which bread lines and run-on-the-bank-lines were quite ubiquitous. Hitlers Rise to Power. N.p., n.d. Web 12 Apr. 2013 <http://cojs.org/cojswiki/images/b/b5/Nazi_Rally_Buckeberg.jpg> Adolf Hitler ascends a staircase followed by his advocates and Nazi soldiers, symbolizing a literal rise to power, with nearly the entire nation of Germany supporting Hitler. Irish Propaganda. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <https://encryptedtbn2.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRJnRKiL2tZSb0Ywc1CGdIDl5XUAPP3zdH8589acBrfqQYVVxvX Pg>. In the link above, a poster encourages Irishmen to avenge the Lusitania. In essence, it is yet another poster, this time geared toward a specific ethnicity, to join the army to avenge the Lusitania. This poster is located in the page describing the media propaganda that ensued after the Lusitanias sinking. Lusitania. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <https://encryptedtbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTF7ZjKoRDMmUITIERRIsNqs9odkRkpstEfjtYMmFJ_zYEiYDA>. Depicted above in the link is a photograph of the Lusitania while it was still in commision. This image was utilized in our title slideshow. Lusitania Image. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <http://www.infiniteunknown.net/wpcontent/uploads/2008/12/lusitania.jpg>. Above is the link of an image depicting the sinking Lusitania. Contrary to popular belief in America and the British government denying the claims, the Lusitania was transporting munitions to Great Britain. It was not, as they claimed, hit by two torpedoes. The picture is displayed upon the tab labeled The Sinking.

"Lusitania Political Cartoon." N.p., n.d. Web. 14 May 2013. <http://www.mtholyoke.edu/~le20j/images/lusitania.jpg>. This political cartoon pokes fun at British ships flying under neutral American flags, and the reactions of the Germans, who as a result attacked neutral ships. This cartoon demonstrates the displeasure Americans had with these German actions.

Mickey Mouse. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://2.bp.blogspot.com/_xEdRg6CKJM/TBgipvXtbxI/AAAAAAAAAKg/ZfchKoFBD5k/s1600/mickey.gif>. This picture of Mickey Mouse is used to depict a cultural movement that spawned in the Roaring Twenties: Mickey Mouse, and thus, Walt Disney. It is displayed on our "American Culture and the Roaring Twenties" page.

Naval Warfare N.p., n.d. Web 12 Apr. 2013. <http://www.fineart.com/members/40759/imagesBig/Battleship_SMS_Pommern_in_Battle_of_Jutland.jpg> Battleships sail upon the hostile seas of World War I. The water was a violent battle zone, and seldom were safe from the repercussions of the war, making ventures upon the sea quite dangerous. Naval Warfare-Sinking. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.cityofart.net/bship/sub_stop_stower.jpg>. This is a portrait of a submarine surfacing after attacking a cruiser ship. Propaganda WWI. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <https://encryptedtbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRQ3NpcdnyNVXkc3DgFzOYObKh8TpUdvYidFd-fGLdr4eEHq24bQ>. In the link above, a poster encourages many to take part in the war and to stop acting as a neutral country to not allow the lives lost to be lost in vain. This poster fed off the anger and resentment many felt as a result of the glut of innocent Americans massacred in the sinking of the Lusitania. As is made evident by the intent of the poster, this poster was utilized in the section elaborating upon media propaganda. Propaganda WWI. N.p., n.d. Web. 25 Apr. 2013. <.>. Poster imploring Americans to ready for war. Propaganda WWI. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <https://encryptedtbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSx-sV-b1ypc-VU9q41NFw7RkVhxTioJuowkJ9NQoET2opfggte>. Propaganda from an Oklahoma newspaper explaining the loss upon the front cover. This showed the national spread of the news of the sinking of the Lusitania -- even states not located on the coast that wouldnt normally care so much about a maritime disaster were utilizing it as motivation to engage in combat. Obviously, this newspaper was utilized in the media propaganda section. Ottoman Empire Flag. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.nzhistory.net.nz/files/images/ottomanempire.jpg>. The image shown is the banner of the Ottoman Empires, a Central Power, as used in World War I.

"Suffrage Headquarters." N.p., n.d. Web. 14 May 2013. <http://2012books.lardbucket.org/books/a-historyof-the-united-states-volume-2/section_08/19d40c496012d53b7cfc96b6f21810eb.jpg>. This image depicts the headquarters of a woman's suffrage organization, helping illustrate the majority of these movements that came to fruition during America's entrance to World War I.

U-Boat Crew and Interior. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.cityofart.net/bship/sub_control_rm.jpg>. The painting depicts a U-Boats crew and the submersibles interior engineer and control room. U Boat Image. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <http://americanmonsters.com/site/wpcontent/uploads/2010/11/WWI-U-boat.jpg>. A U-boat sinking a ship is depicted in photo. Germanys primary offensive was upon the seas, with u-boats being the tip of the spear. Although Germany promised to restrict their submarine warfare after the sinking of the Lusitania, the submarines continued with the destruction of ships until the decree was officially recalled upon February 1st, 1917. This picture is displayed on the Naval Warfare slide. "U-Boat Side View." N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.cityofart.net/bship/u-boat.jpg>. This is a photograph of the side view of a U-Boat. U-Boat Surfacing in the Atlantic. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013.

http://www.cityofart.net/bship/u-boat_surfacing.jpg>.
The U-Boat was a stealthy submersible piloted in the first World War. It is the abbreviated version of Unterseeboot: literally undersea boat. US Navy Fleet. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.splinterfleet.org/img/sc57_3.jpg>. A US fleet of subchasers, small and agile boats that would pursue and intend to sink submarines, is depicted here. This such fleet was used by America when engaged in the war and was used specifically in naval warfare.

"Warning Document." N.p., n.d. Web. 23 Apr. 2013. <http://westerncivguides.umwblogs.org/files/2012/04/lusitania-warning305x543.gif>. The warning document stated that those who desire to traverse the ocean to do so with caution, as the sea made an excellent warzone. It states that those who oppose Germany and the Central Powers (such as Great Britain and her respective allies) are to traverse with extreme caution.

Woman Sunk, Lusitania. Digital image. N.p., n.d. Web. 12 May 2013. <http://www.etymonline.com/columns/ww1-lusitania.jpg>. This propaganda picture, used to inspire potential American soldiers to fight, depicts a woman underwater, eyes closed with a baby in her arms. This is displayed on our "Declaration of War" page.

WWI Start. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <https://encryptedtbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSlC0ynYomxYri8nUoG4fy8Xnruq4sS3Sr5hECa9pPnvnB0EScLQ>. Above is an army being assembled and marched throughout the streets marking the onset of World War I. Armies paraded throughout the streets before entering the battle so that the people were enabled to show their respect for the soldiers and to celebrate and encourage their return. This picture is displayed on the Instigation of World War I. WWI Infantry. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <https://encryptedtbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcQ1SInV_0QDL9HPnNUnrmLwDswHLWnorVcfwvUnQh3NE5F7lqR>. Soldiers are shown marching alongside an armored tank during the war. Infantry and mobile units proved to be an essential force in the war, and soldiers were obligated to march a great amount considering there was little vehicular transport for infantry. This picture is displayed on the Instigation of World War I slide.

Zimmerman Telegram (Decoded). Digital image. The Zimmerman Telegram. N.p., n.d. Web. 6 May 2013. <http://www.fasttrackteaching.com/burns/Unit_7_WW1/Zimmerman_decoded_dbna_sa.gif>. This picture depicts the Zimmerman Telegram after its decoding. It is displayed on the "Declaration of War" page.

Zimmerman Telegram Intercept Image. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <http://www.archives.gov/research/recover/example-03.html>. The intercepted Zimmerman Telegram is shown. The telegram was relayed from the British to the Americans. Soon afterwards, Mexico, fearing the great militaristic strength of the United States, withdrew from Germanys request. This picture is displayed on the Zimmerman Telegram slide. Videos The Sinking of the Lusitania. Dir. Winsor McCay. Cinematheque Quebecoise, 1918. Cartoon. This cartoon animated the 1915 tragedy of the sinking of the Lusitania and assisted us in visualizing the actual diminishing of the ship, albeit in cartoon form. This video is displayed on "The Sinking" page.

Secondary Websites: Ahern, Brian. "The Lusitania Resource." The Lusitania Resource. The Lusitania Resource, 2003. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. <http://www.rmslusitania.info/>.

As a starting point for our investigation, this website got us interested in the topic of the Lusitania in the first place. This website provided solid information about the sinking more than anything else, and led us to find out about the Woodrow Wilson notes, a collection of letters that proved to be pivotal to our project. Using the website, we were able to develop an understanding of the situation at the time of the sinking as well as find other primary documents related to the sinking, and how the sinking eventually lead to the switch of Americas isolationism to being actively involved in the war. "America and World War One." World War One. N.p., n.d. Web. 8 May 2013. <http://www.historylearningsite.co.uk/world_war_one.htm>. This website provided quotes that are utilized on both our "America's Stance" page and our "America in World War I" page. It provided an excellent compact gathering of information necessary to our research. Buffy, Michael. "Firstworldwar.com." First World War.com. N.p., 22 Aug. 2009. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. This source was exemplary in providing us with documents -- primary sources -- that proved our point. Some of the documents found as a result of this site include the Wilson notes. "Lusitania." Lusitania. Eyewitness to History, n.d. Web. 11 Dec. 2012. http://www.eyewitnesstohistory.com/snpwwi2.htm Although this website for the most part talked about the actual sinking, the last two paragraphs effectively depicted the change in the views of the people towards against the Central Powers. Furthermore, the website helped us find reason in how and why the sinking of a British ship that carried American passengers would anger the Americans, leading them into World War I. Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. World Leaders Past & Present Wilson. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print. http://www.rusinsw.org.au/Papers/2012A13.pdf This source contributed to our brief understanding of the U-boats which were utilized to put lead to the demise of the Lusitania. It showed us how the U-boats were not only utilized for the sinking of the Lusitania, but also throughout German warfare

"World War I Quotes." BrainyQuote. Xplore, n.d. Web. 08 May 2013. <http://www.brainyquote.com/quotes/keywords/world_war_i.html>. This website provided us with many quotes validating our research from citizens other than "the Big Ones" such as Woodrow Wilson and other major politicians.

BOOKS Corrigan, Jim. The 1910s Decade in Photos: A Decade That Shook the World. Berkeley Heights, NJ: Enslow, 2010. Print.

Corrigans photos from the 1910s was essential to o ur presentation because as a group we had not simply deemed it important to accumulate the events that had led up to and through the sinking of the Lusitania, but we had also desired to enhance our knowledge upon the cultural aspect of the time period, and we had felt that Corrigans depictions had greatly assisted us with the labor.

Jantzen, Steven. Hooray for Peace, Hurrah for War; the United States during World War I. New York: Knopf, 1972. Print. This novel was quite helpful in our arduous quest to compile information and primary sources regarding our topic. Alongside being quite enjoyable to read, the book had provided a great deal of information and primary sources, alongside notorious images, documents, interviews and sources.

O'Sullivan, Patrick. The Lusitania: Unravelling the Mysteries. Dobbs Ferry, NY: Sheridan House, 2000. Print. In OSullivans The Lusitania, he awards the reader with the general consensus which has already been established by those who are aware of the Lusitania. However, he also attempts to shed light upon the controversial reason of the second explosion, a debate which was long held, whether it be due to the smuggling of weapons and munitions to the British or if the German U-20 had in fact fired two torpedoes at the vulnerable Lusitania. This source was quite helpful due to the fact we had found articles and such with differentiating opinions and information, yet OSullivan remains rather unbiased towards an individual side.

Schlesinger, Arthur M. World Leaders Past and Present: Woodrow Wilson. N.p.: n.p., n.d. Print. This book provided enabled us access into arguably one of the greatest presidents in our historys (4th, according to a great deal of political polls) biography. This had allowed us to understand Wilsons logic, actions, and history more proficiently, so that we may have a small semblance of what had enabled him to become the great president he was at the time. Simpson, Colin. The Lusitania. Boston: Little, Brown, 1973. Print. This book provided us with details of the sinking. In it, diary entries and photographs were present, some of which are used in various locations in our website. It consisted of an immensely detailed, second-by-second account of, as the author put it, "the single most important event in the outbreak of World War I." Strachan, Hew. The First World War. New York: Viking, 2004. Print. This book overall was a comprehensive account of World War I. It proved to be a good exposition explaining the events of World War I, and where the sinking of the Lusitania fit into the overall context of World War I.

Willmott, H. P. World War I. New York: DK Pub., 2003. Print. Like that of Jim Corrigans book, this book had provided a great deal of information abou t the course of the war. It had depicted the armies struggling to succeed and their entrance into the

Great War, their war efforts, soldiers uniforms, political and military propaganda, weaponry, strategies alongside a great deal of other matters, without a detail untold.

Videos: ----CBS NEWS----Copyright 1988 CBS Inc. All Rights Reserved. This video was a valuable source to us due to the fact that it provided valuable insight as to how the war started and the public opinion after the sinking of the Lusitania. The opening of the video expounded as to how the war was instigated by Archduke Franz Ferdinands assassination which ended up with the European powers being forced onto sides by ancient treaties. Another section depicted the sinking of the Lusitania and the ensuing public outrage in America. Images

http://nhd.weebly.com/uploads/1/6/1/4/16140522/1359420101.png In the link above, a portrait is displayed to pay respects to the Lusitania after the sinking. This image was utilized to expound upon the influx of media propaganda that spawned, feeding off the sinking of the Lusitania.

http://nhd.weebly.com/uploads/1/6/1/4/16140522/1359420101.png In the link above, a document is shown to encourage men to serve in the army. The reason for men to enlist as per the picture -- to avenge the Lusitania. This poster can be found in our page entailing the media propaganda around the sinking of the Lusitania.

Lusitania Diagram. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <https://encryptedtbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcSmawcaRYG4YEENJre_QJ5nCKCFffwpgG_j4BF53aXNltnwA5 RsNA>. Depicted above is a diagram of the lusitania from above subdivided into several differentiating diagrams. This image was implemented onto our title page. Lusitania Discovery. N.p., n.d. Web. <https://encryptedtbn3.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcT2UoSl96XwgiH2zWjQrDIj66Z0c4f4Q88WjglG_j16_aXuP8LBhQ >. A small submersible explores the Lusitania wreckage, nearly a century later. Submersibles had explored the salvage and examined clues and information as to how exactly the ship sank and the contents of the vessel. This image is located in our title slideshow.

Lusitania. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <https://encryptedtbn1.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcTF7ZjKoRDMmUITIERRIsNqs9odkRkpstEfjtYMmFJ_zYEiYDA>. Depicted above in the link is a photograph of the Lusitania while it was still in commision. This image was utilized in our title slideshow.

WWI Soldiers. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <https://encryptedtbn0.gstatic.com/images?q=tbn:ANd9GcRnirs-7hPYY9AZEDU8gandC6dlRm3dKzo5Fc7b0iNfUD0gQkCFQ>. A basic picture representing WWI and the onset of the war. In the pictures, a contingent of soldiers are displayed marching on a ledge towards an unspecified location. This picture is found on the Great War Begins.

Alliance Poster. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <http://www.worldmeets.us/images/uncle-sam-alliesposter_pic.jpg>. United States propoganda poster depicting alliance between US and allies. This poster can be found in the section entailing Media Propaganda.

http://aerodrive.lamwoo.edu.hk/~history/wwi4.gif Propaganda poster expounding upon the vindication for declaration of war -- the sinking of neutral ships by the Germans. This poster is located in Political Shift. http://www.ww1-propaganda-cards.com/images/CePointro1.jpg Central Powers propaganda poster. This poster depicts four boys all dressed in their respective nations gear. This photo is located on the Division of powers page. http://www.ww1medals.net/images/U-20.jpg A photograph of the infamous U-20 crew and their submersible. This was the submarine crew that had sunk the Lusitania, and this picture is displayed on the title page.

Campaign Button. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <http://www.antiquesnavigator.com/pd-721327/1916-penmightier-than-the-sword-woodrow-wilson-picture-campaign-button.html>. A campaign button for Wilson demonstrating that he proved that peace is more beneficial for the nation than war. He had served eight years in presidency, and this is one of his tactics to earn four more years. This image is located on the Americas stance page.

WWI Propaganda. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <http://cdn.dipity.com/uploads/events/4a397b85efdd36917bae04343ec75adc_1M.png>.

Propaganda poster pleading to the people of the U.S to stay out of war. This poster is located on Americas Stance.

Lusitania Poster. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <http://westerncivguides.umwblogs.org/files/2012/04/lusitania-warning305x543.gif>. This picture demonstrates how even though a warning was distributed to all who were to board the Lusitania, no one actually believed that there would be an attack, shown by only one passenger cancelling their ticket. This picture is used on the Naval Warfare and U Boat subdivision.

Destroy This Mad Brute. N.p., n.d. Web. 9 Apr. 2013. <http://www.learnnc.org/lp/media/uploads/2009/01/madbrute.jpg>. The picture depicts a savage ape resembling Germany who has seized a seemingly unconscious and fainted woman to symbolize the savage and tyrannous Germany. This propaganda is utilized upon the media propaganda slide. Videos Insanally, Johaann, prod. Terror at Sea -- Sinking of the Lusitania. Discovery Channel. N.d. Television. This 1.5 hour documentary aired on Discovery Channel drastically improved our knowledge by providing us with a legitimate visual of what it was like to be on the ship at the time. It also provided us with many video clips which would be excellent for our website and are utilized throughout the entire site

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