Dropped Calls & Call Quality

Agenda

Review dedicated channel operations

SHO, BLER

Outline factors that can cause dropped calls Illustrate the modes of failure and outline the methods of resolving dropped calls using examples

W-CDMA Dropped Call Performance

Objectives
Maximize call retention Balance resource utilization with retainability

Inputs
Mobile Drive Test Data long calls System Statistics (mature network)

Tasks
Characterize failures Identify Performance impacting parameters and

actions to resolve drops

Dedicated Channel Operations

Radio Bearer
DTCH

DCH
RNC
Logical Channel associated with service

Node B DPCH UE
Physical Channel defined by frequency and code

Transport Channel defines level of protection

Radio Bearer contains all three!

CS-CN

Example: AMR Speech

Traffic Processing
RRC Signaling

DTCH A

DTCH B

DTCH C

DCCH

AMR 12.2 kbps Speech 3 subflows

DCH A

DCH B

DCH C

DCH

DPCH

Downlink BLER

Quality Target set for

Signaling Radio Bearer Each of the 3 AMR 12.2 Transport Channels

BLER Reports from UE

Signaling Radio Bearer First (A-bits) of the 3 speech Transport Channels
0.1*QualityTarget = LOG10(DesiredBLER) If 2% is desired, Configure -17 10(-1.7) = 0.02

Soft Handover Behavior

Z B A C

UE D

Active Set Monitoring Set Detected Set

Soft Handover Algorithm Example

Measurement Quantity
T T T

P CPICH 1
Reporting Range H1a P CPICH 2

H1c H1b

P CPICH 3 H: Hysteresis T: Time-to-trigger Event 1A = add cell 2 Event 1C = replace cell1 with cell3 Event 1B Time = remove cell3

Soft Handover Algorithm Example (continued)

Measurement Quantity
T T T

P CPICH 1
Reporting Range H1a P CPICH 2

H1c H1b

P CPICH 3 H: Hysteresis T: Time-to-trigger Event 1A = add cell 2 Event 1C = replace cell1 with cell3 Event 1B Time = remove cell3

Active Set Management

Uu UE Node B
Measurement Control Measurement Report

Iub
RNC

Iu

CN

PSTN

Setup and Add Radio Link

Active Set Update

UTRAN informs UE of radio links added and/or deleted from the active set. May include reconfiguration of Radio Bearer

Active Set Update Complete

Parameter Summary

Parameter Overview
Parameter e1a reporting range e1b reporting range e1c hysteresis e1d reporting range Notes Triggered when a monitored CPICH Ec/No is measured within X db of the strongest pilot in the active set Triggered when a monitored CPICH Ec/No is measured more than X db less than the strongest pilot in the active set Triggered when a monitored CPICH Ec/No is measured within X db of any pilot in the active set

Triggered when the strongest pilot in the active set changes new strongest pilot must be X db stronger prior to triggering event 1d
Value, typically in milliseconds, for which a condition must exist prior to an event being triggered and sent to the UTRAN List of cells to monitor For periodic measurements, reporting interval

Time to Trigger
Neighbor list Periodic interval BLER Targets

Used for outer loop power control, set for each transport channel

Summary

Courses of action
BLER Power allocation

Init power (for access)

Relax sho Coverage/NL

Tying it All Together

Discussion: zeroing in on problem areas Drive testing (scanner + calls) Network Performance Stats (per cell failures)