Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Giao Trinh Ky Thuat Chieu Sang
Giao Trinh Ky Thuat Chieu Sang
NH SNG V T NHIN.
1. NH SNG L G?
*nh sng l sng in t
- L cc ngun bc x in t trong t nhin , nhn to.Cc BXT c bc sng
rt rng m nh sng ch l mt phn trong .tc truyn ca nh sng :-.Tc truyn ca nh sng :
C=.
Trong l tn s nh sng.
Chiu sng.
Page 1
Hng ngoi
M tm
555
T
ngoi
412
Xanh
Xanh
lc
Vng
Cam
470
51.5
577
600
673
Hng
ngoi
2 C CU CA MT.
Chiu sng.
Page 2
Cu to ca mt :
Thy tinh th
vng ngoi
Vng gia
Vng mc
Nhn cu
khi nim
Ban ngy
(nm)
Chng 1:
CC I LNG C TRNG CHO NH SNG
Cc i lng nh sng :Quang thng
ri E
Cng I
chi L
nh lut Dalambert cho mi quan h gia Lv
1 . QUANG THNG .
*Mi bc x in t ni chung gy ra cc hiu ng khc nhau :ha , nhit , in
t vi di tn rt rng .Nu gi W()l ph tn nng lng ca nh sng th
tng nng lng ca ngun bc x
Chiu sng.
Page 4
W= w( )d
0
W=
w( )d l
380
mt ,xtn nng lng gy ra hiu ng nhn thy cho mt ngi ta inh ngha
780
380
= [ lm\w]
c gi l hiu sut pht quang ca ngun.
l ch s quan trng ni ln tnh kinh t ca ngun .
Chiu sng.
Page 5
n si t
=(1520)lm/w
hunhquang=(60:80) lm/w.
2. CNG NH SNG.
*Gc khi.
-Nu t tm O ca qu cu bn knh R chng ta nhn thy din tch S trn mt
cu th ngi ta nh ngha :
=
lim
I=
0
d
=
.thc cht I chnh l quang thng pht i theo 1 phng .
d
[I]=cd
-nh ngha candela:l cng nh sng theo mt phng ca ngun bc x
,nh sng n sc c bc sng =555nm v cng nng lng theo phng
ny bng 1/683(W/Sr);
VD:Nu I=0.8cd(theo mi phng
n si t 40W/220V I=100cd
n si t 300W/220V I=100cd n 150 cd khi lp trong b n .
n dng hng , Bit quang thng :
d
I=
. d=Id=I
d
d=4I.I=
.
4
I d.
Chiu sng.
Page 7
3. RI .
1 - ri trung bnh :
-Xt mt ngun sng pht thng lng nh sng xung din tch S
ngun sng
(lm/ m 2 )
S
t
n
dS
A
r r
=( I , n );
Chiu sng.
Page 8
C:
d=cos. r
Mt khc :
d=Id
Li c:
E A=
d I cos
2
=
dS
r
cos ( )
=
d
d
I cos
4
3 +4
2
4
;
5
4. CHI.
1-. chi khi nhn trc tip vo ngun sng.
-o mc gy ra hin tng la mt.
Chiu sng.
Page 9
dI
(cd/m2)
dScos
I
.;
S
S=l.d
VD:Tnh L ca n cu c D=0,1m trng , =0.75.trong t mt bng
hunh quang.P=80W.
Vi P=80W tra bng ta c lm=3850(lm)
I= /4=230(cd)
L=I/Sbk=25
ln gy chi mt .
-Theo tiu chun Lgh=500cd/ m2
Lmin= 10- 5 cd/ m2
Chiu sng.
Page 10
Khi :
E = LI 2
Chiu sng.
Page 11
E
0, 7.600
=
= 133.7
p
p
Lo - L
VL
DL
=
=
L
L
L
C
=20,05(cd/m2).
Cs
C
Cs
cquan h gia Lf v C.
Chiu sng.
Page 12
T0(K)
Mu
1500
2000
- trng
3000
trng m
4000-5500
7000-10000
nh sng lnh
Chiu sng.
Page 14
1,7m
1,5m
2,3m
Chng 2:
-y l ch tiu phn nh tin nghi chiu sng trong mt khng gian.Trong thc t
thng phi c phi hp vi ri theo bn kruithof.
-Nhit mu(2007000)0K.
d)-Ch s hon mu Ra.
-Ni ln cht lng chiu sng ca ngun ,phn nh trung thc , mu sc ca
s vt trong khng gian c chiu sng ,Cng T0K th Ra l ch tiu cht lng
,ch tiu k thut ca khng gian th.
.2 .N SI T.
1.Cu to .
*v: l mt qu cu thy tinh chu nhit c pha mt hm lng nh P nhm to
ra mt hng s thu qua .
*si t lm bng si vonfram vi si dy xon kp t0lv=35000K.Tui th trung
bnh khong mt nghn gi.
*ui n: l phn ni in gia bng n v ngun.C 2 loi ph bin:
-ui ci :tho lp d nhng tit kim in kmng dng cho cng sut nh.
ui xoy :thng dng cho cc cp khc nhau t nh n ln.
2.Cc ch tiu nh gi.
-tui th thp nht trong cc loi bng hin nay ph thuc vo U
D=Dm(
D/Dn
Udm 13,5
) D,U ch lm vic bnh thng
U
(u)
P(u)
Chiu sng.
Page 17
U/Um
VD:Um=220v;Dm=1000
U=250V
D=178h.
Quang thng :=m(
Cng sut :P=Pm(
Udm 3,5
)
U
Udm 1,5
)
U
acgong
hunh quang
Bc x th cp
254
400
800
BX s cp
Ty thuc lp bt hunh quang m
T0mu=30000nh sng vng m
T0mu=40000 nh sng nht
T0mu=50000 nh sng ban ngy
*Nguyn l lm vic
Chiu sng.
Page 20
CC
Uk=400V
Ulv=108V
-Chn lu in t
+cos cao
+Tn hao thp
+Khi tc thi
+ Di in p lm vic rng m thay i khng nhiu .tui th ca n b suy
gim
+kh tng thch vi n.
*Ch tiu dnh gi.
Chiu sng.
Page 21
Chng3:
VN IU KHIN NH SNG V CC B N.
C =++
++=1.
VD: Bt mu trng c =0,8.
Thch cao
=0,9.
Gng
=0,85.
Lp m bc
=0,90,93.
Tng hoc trn mu trng:=0,9.
Tng hoc trn mu sng:=0,50.6.
Tng hoc trn mu ti :=0,30,4.
b-Thng quan tmnht l ,.
, ph thuc f().
Chiu sng.
Page 24
(4)
1
0,85
(1)
(2)
(3)
CA CHNG.
-3 chc nng ca b n.
+chiu sng
+Chc nng yu cu in
+Chc nng yu cu c.
1.Phn loi b n theo cp chiu sng
-Da trn c s phn b quang thng ca b n m CIE phn loi chi tit
cc b n chiu sng ni tht thnh 20 cp khc nhau v c gi tn theo ch
ci.
A,B,C,D,E
F,G,H,I ,J
K,L,M,N
O,P,Q,R,S
Chiu sng trc tip
cs trc tip
cc cp bn
cs trc tip
tng cng.
m rng .
trc tip.
hn hp.
- lm cn c phn loi b n CIE chia khng gian xung quanh b n thnh 5
vng khc nhau c gc khi sai lch
Sh.
2
F5
2
F4
0 F1
-Gi cc F1F5 l quang thng xm nhp vo ,gc khi /Q l phn gia gc
v
2
Gc li
quang
thng
/2
3/2
F1
F2
F3
F1
F2=F1+F3
75,50
900
41.40
600
1800
Ngi ta cn c vo Fi phn cp b n.
*Hiu sut ca mt b n
-Hiu sut chiu sng ca mt b n l t s gia ca b n pht ra trn
quang thng tng ca ngun sngl bng n t trong .
Fp
.100%.
Fd
F1 + F 2 + F 3 + F 4
F5
100%+
100%.
1000
1000
*Cp ca b n cho bit hiu sut trc tip ,gin tip v phn b quang thng ca
b n.
VD: Cho b n cp 0,45G+0,08T.
i=0,08. Cp gin tip.
=0,45. Cp trc tip .
0,53Dcp trc tip tng cng.(khng c cp gin tip )
VD:cho b n:
F1
F2
F3
F4
F5
350
260
127
20
= ( I1 + I 2 + I 3) .100%=75%.
*Cch xc nh cp b n.
Chiu sng.
Page 28
Fi= i .
Nh vy :
350
260
127
F1= 0, 757 =462; F3=
=165; F2= 0,757 =343.
0,757
F1+F2=805.
F1+F2+F3=970.
Cc thng s tra bng (7-2) ta c:F1
c cp E,F.
F1+F2
c cp D,E,F
F1+F2 +F3 c cp A,G,I.H.
vy c cp b n E,F tha mn nhng cn c F1 gn vi gi tr gii hn no
hn th chn. y chn E v gn vi 162 hn.
Ch :
-Nu khng bit phn b quang thng Fi ca b n khi c th tnh chng bng
cch tch phn ng cong trc quang I()Tnh tch phn () d trong 5 vng.
-Vic thc hin cc tch phn c lm gn ng bng cc cng thc B7.1(83).
VD: Xt b pusma240(trang 126) c:
I(160) =126cd.
I(290) =110cd.
I(37,60) =100cd.
F1=
( I1 + I 2 + I 3) = 176(lm).
6
Cp bo v
K hiu
M t
Chiu sng.
Page 29
Cp 0
Cp 1
Cp 2
Cp 3
50
12
2,5
5
Bi
6
Tuyt i
kn bi.
THNG CA MT B N.
1.ng cong trc quang I()
-Thng dng cho cc b n i xng.
+Theo mi phng .
+C 2 mt phng i xng.
-Khi nh sng thng c biu din bi ng bao mt cc vecto cng
nh sng nm trong mt mt phng cha trc quang ca n .Trong trng hp i
xng ch cn v mt na .
*B n c chao.
v cho bng 1000lm t trong b nu tng ln
2000lm th I nhn i.
.
B n c 2 mt phng i xng.
Dc
Ngang
..10
..
..
..
300
I(c,)
Trc quang.
B
0
P
X
B=0.
V-Gc nhn n.
B- lch.
y
z
B=arctg -V;
=arctg
x
y2 + z2
Chiu sng.
Page 32
-cch biu din I(c,),I(,B) l cc cch khc nhau biu din phn b quang
thng ca mt b n phc tp trong khng gian Chng c th chuyn i qua
li vi nhau.
Phn 2:
THIT K CHIU SNG.
Chng 4:
THIT K CHIU SNG TRONG NH.
*Mc ch :Nhm t c mc ch chiu sng tin nghi c bit theo theo yu
cu.
*Ni dung:
-Bc 1:Thit k s b.
+Nhm xc nh c gii php v thng s c bn ca n :kiu chiu
sng,loi b n,chiu cao n,s lng nhm m bo c ri yu cu
theo chun v phn b ng u nh sng trn mt phng lm vic.Vic ny
c lin quan n nhiu ti phng din thm mixcho khng gian thit k v
vy c th c s phi hp ca cc kin trc s.
-Bc 2:Kim tra thit k.
+Cn phi kim tra cc tiu chun v mu, tng phn, chi,
ri,theo tiu chun.i hi n chuyn mn ca cc k s chiu sng .
1
1
=
=-H s b quang thng.
V V 1.V 2
h.'
-ch s treo +)J=0
h + h'
+)J=1/3.
Chiu sng.
Page 36
n
(n khong cch gia cc n) th s gi nguyn c
h
a.b.Eyc . a.b.Eyc.
=
[lm].
ksd
ksd .V
-H s b quang thng.
Chiu sng.
Page 37
20 - 6.3
.
2
U= phat .
Thng thng : U=U+Ui.
Ud: h s li dng quang thng trc tip.
Ui: h s li dng quang thng gin tip.
-Hiu sut b n
Ksd=.U=dUd+IUi.
Ksd ph thuc cp b n, b phn x,ph thuc ch s a im ,ni ln kch thc
hnh hc v ch s cao ca n.
ab
.n- s bng n c
..
Chiu sng.
Page 38
1
1
p(q) m(n).
3
2
n=
15
=5>4,5khng t x=4
3
15
=3,75mq=1,8m
4
15 - 2.1,8
n=
=3,8(m).
3
n=
20 - 2.1,5
=4,25(m).
4
Nmin=4x5=20(m)
Chiu sng.
Page 39
20.15
20.15.250.1,4
=288,806(lm).
0,36344
20 - 6.3
=1(m).
2
E3
0,8.
E5
NF
=[Ri.Fi+Si].
1000ab
(*)
Mt s ch s:
ab
K= h(a + b) - ch s a im.
J=
h'
h + h'
- ch s treo.
ap + bq
2mn
Km= h(m + n) -Ch s li;Kp= h(a + b) - ch s gn tng i.
=Kp/Km=0,359.
Xp=0,359(km).
*Tnh ton Ei theo (*).
Fu=f(K,Km,Kp,cp b n,J).
-Xt K=2,5.
Km=0,844
Kp=0,359
- Khi Km=0,5 Kp=0,1795. Kp=0 hoc 0,25
Km=1 Kp=0,359. Kp=0 hoc 0,5.
(1)
(2)
642 588
= 620.288.
Ni suy cp Km
Fu=626,772+
42.(2.3350).0,42
(0,844-0,359)
20.15.1,4.103
Chiu sng.
Page 42
=622,311.
Hon ton tng t vi K=3 ta c
Fu=631,32.
Tra bng v tnh Ri,Si(theo bng 118).
=551;
K=2,6.
E4=E4d+E4i
E 4d =
42.(2.3350).0, 42)
.[0, 72.12.631,32 + 317] = 217, 26 (lx)
20.15.1, 4.103
=> E4 = 236,51
Tng t ta tnh c E3 = 181,92 lx
Tnh E1 = 40,8 + 50,02 = 90,32 (lx)
Kim tra : + ri trn MPLV E% = 5,4% => tt (E% 10%)
+ chi nhn n
y/c
Ltn =
r=
L(75)
50
Ltrn
1.E1 90,82.0,5
=
= 14,45 (cd/m)
r
r
- chi ca n = 75
Kch thc b n 1,24*0,18*0,1
Din tch b/k theo 2 hng nhn
Chiu sng.
Page 43
b
a
Sbk ngang = ab.cos + ac.sin = 0,1775 m
Sbk dc
Id(75)
Sbk
301,5
2.3350
= 1698 (cd/m)
= 301,5cd => Lng =
0,1775
1000
Idc(75) = 30.cd.
201
2.3350
= 2676,43 (cd/m)
= 201cd => Ldc =
0,0751
1000
=>Cc t s :
1698,6
Chng 2 :
Thit k chiu sng ng
1: c im v cc tiu chun thit k chiu sng ng
Mc ch : Nhm to ra m hnh chiu sng tt , tin nghi , c bit cho ngi
tham gia giao thng , qun l v x l chnh xc , nhanh chng cc tnh hung giao
thng xy ra trn ng .
1.Cc c im .
Chiu sng.
Page 45
Chiu sng.
Page 46
L min
0,4 ph thuc cp ng A,B,C,D
Ltb
Li
- ng u dc
U1 =
L min
0,7 ph thuc cp ng
L max
Chiu sng.
Page 47
Chiu sng.
Page 48
Chiu sng.
Page 49
s : tm nh : 0-0,5-1-1,5-2m
: thn lm bng 15
a : khong cch hnh chiu ca mt ng ln va h
a > 0 : n chiu trn mt ng
a < 0 : n chiu mp va h
l : bc ct l khong cch gia 2 ct lin tip k c v 2 pha ng
2.Phn loi b n.
a.Cc kiu
*Kiu chp su
-C nh sng pht ra trong phm vi hp v vy trnh c chi lo v thng dung
cho ni c a hnh c bit (cua gp , ng dc ).
*Kiu chp va
-nh sng pht rat rung bnh v c ng dng rng ri nht , thng dng vi
n Na cao, thp p hoc n thu ngn cao p . Dng cho cc loi n thng
thng.
*Kiu chp rng.
Chiu sng.
Page 50
4 : Cc phng n b tr n
2
l , b tr ct thp hn so vi chiu rng lng ng.
3
1
2
nhdc
= f1 + f2.
boden
Chiu sng.
Page 53
f1 = 0,275
=> f2 = 0,025
tg1 = 1.05
Chiu sng.
Page 54
tg2 = 0.05
=> f1 = 0.3 ; f2(0.1) = 0.025
=> f2(0.05) = 0.0125 => f = f1 f2 = 0.2875
-> Nhn xt :
H s fu cng ln quang thong nhn c trn mt n cng nhiu.Nu cn
n di hoc t ct n gn mp va h th h s s dng quang thng cng
ln.Mt khc chiu cao t n cng nh th fu cng ln
VD : B tr trc gia
fu = fuA + fuB
lh
a
a
tg 2 =
h
tg1 =
-> Tra fu
l +G+a
h
G+a
tg 4 =
h
tg 3 =
Chiu sng.
Page 55
5 : Phng php t s R
*S lc lch s TKCS ng :
-1940 : ln u tin c hng dn quc t rt s lc v chiu sng ng ph
trong ly ri lm c s v yu cu tnh ton , thit k.
-1965 : CIE cng b phng php t s R trong tiu chun ri c thay th
bng chi trn mt ng . Tuy nhin do phng tin c bit l my tnh cn
rt hn ch nn tnh ton phn b nh sang gp rt nhiu kh khn v cc bin
php tnh theo phng php ny c chnh xc hu hn nn ngy nay vn c
s dng nhng ch tnh ton s b cho cc phng n la chn .
-1975 : CIE cng b phng php tnh ton chi im , v nguyn tc cho php
tnh ton ri trn tng im ca mt ng v ngy nay c ng dng rng ri
kim tra , thit k v ngi ta c nhng phn mm chuyn dng ng dng
cho cc phng php ny.
+Ni dung : Khi thc hin 1 n thit k ngi ta thng cn nhc la chn 2 , 3
phng n kh thi gi l phng n so snh kim tra s b theo phng php
ny .Sau khi chn kiu b tr n , kiu b n chng ta tin hnh cc bc tnh
ton sau :
1.Xc nh khong cch gia cc ct , bc ct e ph thuc chiu cao ca ct
nhm hng n mc ch nhm to ra ng u chiu sng c bit l theo
chiu dc.Trong tiu chun a ra bng lmax (169).
2.Tnh quang thng ca b n tt
-Quang thng tnh cho 1 nm s dng theo cng thc :
Chiu sng.
Page 56
tt =
e.l.Lyc.R
fu.V
-T s R =
Etb
: cho quan h gia ri v chi trn ng , tm ra theo thc
Ltb
Gi tr R
Chp su
Chp va
12
+ bn
14
10
14
10
+ mu trung bnh
20
14
+ mu ti
25
18
18
13
-B tng : + sch
-ng gch lt
tt
e
=
d
ethuc
Chiu sng.
Page 57
VD : Tnh c tt = 22000 lm
Bit n Hg cao p : P = 250W c = 14000 lm
P = 400W c = 24000 lm
-> Nu chn P = 250W th phi rt ngn e rt nhiu do ta chn P = 400W khi
ethc = e.
d
tt
vh vh
=
Svh
e.v
vh = fu.v.
*******
Ip.cos3
h2
-Dng bng I(c,) tra v ni suy Ip , tnh Ep , chi Lp. Do Ep , Lp ko tun theo
nh lut Lamberg -> Lp ph thuc v tr quan st , theo tiu chun quy nh v tr
quan st ca ngi li xe cch vng quan st 60m , cch va h khong l/4 , cao
1,5m.
=> Lp = R(,).
Ip( , )
h2
.d
4
Chiu sng.
Page 61
PH
DH
-Thng (c,) tnh ton c th khc gi tr trong bng => ni , ngoi suy
3.Tra chi quy i R(,tg)
-Ph thuc b mt ng , chia thnh 4 cp quy chun t R1->R4. Mi cp c
c trng bi 2 thng s l :
+H s nhn r ao 0,05 (ti)
0,11 (sng)
+H s s dng S1 , cng sng th S1 cng ln
Cp
S1
S1 in hnh
Q0
R1
< 0,45
0,25
0,1
R2
0,450,85
0,58
0,07
R3
0,851,35
1,11
0,07
Chiu sng.
Page 62
R4
> 1,35
1,55
0,08
: 3 im
l 36m
: 6 im
l 54m
: 9 im
Chng 6 :
Tnh ton chiu sng bng n
pha
Chiu sng.
Page 63
1 : Cc thng s ca b n pha
1.Gc phn tn chm tia
-L gc gia tm ca chm tia sng vi trc quang , l hng c
Imax v hng c cng nh sng bng 1/2 v 1/10 Imax , gc
ny thng c th hin trn c tnh trc quang ca 1 b n
-Cn c vo gc chia b n pha thnh 3 loi sau:
+B n c phn b nh sng hp 30
+B n c phn b nh sng va 30 60
+B n c phn b nh sng rng 60
I
550
50
40
60
90
2.H to xyz
-H ny c s dng khi 1 n t ti gc ca sn c chiu sng
Chiu sng.
Page 64
Tr?c quang
x
A(x,y)
B<0
B=0
B>o
y
z
= arctg
x
y2 + z2
Chiu sng.
Page 65
Nu dch ct 0 -> 0
-Dng cng thc chuyn h to xoy-> xoy
x= x - x1
y=y y1
4.Php quay h to xoyozo
-Thc t trc quang ko nm trong mt phng yoz m thng quay i mt gc R
hng b n vo sn v phn b nh sng ng u
VD: Tm Ea ti trung im 1 sn bng (105/65) ct t ti o (x1=-21m , y =
-20m ) , R = 50 , v = 63 v chiu cao z = 42m.
Chiu sng.
Page 66
******
Chiu sng.
Page 67
*Bn ct nhng c R0
Chiu sng.
Page 68
Eh min
Ehtb
Chiu sng.
Page 69
+ ng u dc Uv=
Ev min
Evtb
I (c, ).cos
d2
= [ I ,n ca mt phng cn tnh E]
2000W
22
1000W
17
1000W
15
12
2000W
11
1500W
10
1000W
400W
400W
400W
250W
250W
9
8
250W
500W
300W
3
0
150W
150W
125W
200W
80W
Halogen
s? i d?t
Hg
Ca
70W
70W
Na
Ca
Metal
Halide
Lo?i dn
Eng tb (lx)
Ung= Engmin/Engtb
500
0.6
200
0.5
Luyn tp gii tr
100
0.4
S ct
0.35L1 H 0.6 L1
L2 H 4 L2
Chiu sng 4 gc
0.35L1 H 0.6L2
H 3 L2
*Quy nh v ri v ng u
Hmin
Thi u luyn tp
H 5+0,4 L
10
H 3+0,4 L
Chng 7 :
Thit k cp in cho chiu sng
1 : Mt s yu cu v c im ca h thng in chiu sng
1.Cc yu cu
-in p cung cp cho ngun chiu sng phi m bo st p tnh t u ra ca
ngun ti ph ti xa nht ko c vt qu 3%
- tin cy cung cp in : l mc cho php mt in
-Ngun chiu sng tr cc c s m c cc phn t ng lc ko ng k cn ni
chung v nguyn tc th cc ph ti chiu sng c yu cu cp in cao hn ->
thng thit k theo nguyn tc c lp vi h ng lc bao nhiu th cng tt by
nhiu (trong nh my thng ly ra trc tip t thanh ci tng)
-Kinh t :
Chiu sng.
Page 74
+ Chn ngun sng c hiu nng pht quang cao nh n ng hunh quang , n
phng in .
+ iu tit ngun sng ph hp theo gi c th ct bt cc ph ti chiu sng trong
gi thp im ->tit kim nhng phi chp nhn phn b nh sng ko u .
+ Dng cc b n c nhiu bng ri tt bt bng trong b n
+ iu chnh in p iu chnh quang thng tuy nhin cn phi cn nhc n
iu kin lm vic v khi ng ca n .
Chiu sng.
Page 75
Chiu sng.
Page 76
Chiu sng.
Page 77
Chiu sng.
Page 79
-t tin
-My ct ng ct ph ti :ti ch ,t xa ,v ng ct c iu khin .
-Bo v :ngn mch ->c nng lc ct ,ct c dng ngn mch ln ,bo v qu
p
-Trong h thng chiu sng dng cc MBA rt nh nn thng dng DCL
-Trong cc nh my ngun chiu sng cn c ly c lp nht vi ngun ng
lc v vy thng c ly ngay sau thanh ci ca trm h p .Cc ngun cng
sut chuyn dng nh ng giao thng thng dng cc trm c cng sut nh v
thng dng trm treo ti cc th trn th t .Trong th thng s dng nht l
trm Kiog
*****
Chiu sng.
Page 80
3: La chn cc TB , KC cho li h p
1.iu kin chung la chn
a.Theo in p nh mc
-L lng dy vi thit b 3 pha l cc thng s cho trc trong l lch thit b .
l in p theo quy nh cho php thit b lm vic lu di m ko gy h
hng (1.05 -> 1.1)Um
-iu kin la chn Umtb Um li .Vi cc thit b khc th sai lch
in p phi c nhn vi cc h s nh sau :
+Cp in lc ,khng in ,bin dng ,bin p , cu ch k=1.1
+Trng hp khc s cch in , DCL , my ct phi nhn 1.1
+Cc thit b chng st th k=1.25
CT : Imtb Icng bc
Trong Icng bc l dng in ln nht m thit b phi mang trong hon cnh
b s c m vn phi m bo cung cp in lin tc cho ph ti
-Sau khi chn theo 2 iu kin Um, Im th thit b m bo lm vic lu di
trong tnh trng xc lp .Tuy nhin mi thit b la chn vn c th h hng khi
c s c
*Cc s c xy ra trong li in
-S c in p(qu p)
+qu p kh quyn do st nh_nh trc tip (ct thu li)
_st cm ng
+qu in p ni b xy ra khi ng ct bt thng ,ti cm, dung ->bo v
bng cc thit b bo v chng st.
-S c dng : ln ,b ca I
Chiu sng.
Page 81
In tb In.
Tc
Todn
cp ; 2n nhit cui
Bn
< Schn ; C tra theo bng
C
Loi dy
1n
2n
Chiu sng.
Page 82
Td ng
70
300
171
Td nhm
70
200
87
Cp 10kv ng
65
250
159
Cp 10kv li nhm
65
100
90
Tc
Todn
Cu = 22 (.km/mm )
Al = 35 (.km/mm )
n.Pd
3.Ud .cos
U = I .
I . .l.n
.l.n
Ucp = 6.6V => S 2Ucp
2S
*Chn 2 cp dy S1,S2
-Chn trc cc tit din S1, S2 cn c vo S chn S1 v theo cc cp dy tiu
chun
1.5-2.5-4-6-9-10-16-25-35-50-70-90-120.
S2 c th chn nh i 1, 2 cp
-C dng u cc on ng dy:
Li. Ii
Tnh h s A= Ucp .
i
i :trc c s
U cc on trn
VD :U4= 6.6- U1 - U2 - U3
+ Chn S4
.L.n 4.I 4
2U 4
-> Gii
-Tnh Ii :
P2d
A=
hoc
S1=35 (mm)
S3=25 (mm)
S3=16 (mm)
S5=10 (mm)
S5=10 (mm)
U=U1 + U3 + U5
U=
l1
( I1 I 2 I 3). + ( I 2 + I 3).l1
2 S1
2
U=
.( I1 + I 2 + I 3).l 1
2 S1
.li
=>Ui = 2Si ( Ii )
i
22.200.103
.(17, 24 + 11,56 + 1, 75) = 2, 69(V )
=> U1=
2.25
_Chn S4 :
.l 2
.I 2 => S2 0,84 mm ->chn S2= 1,5 mm
2.S 2
Chiu sng.
Page 88