Seminar UKM-UNRI Ke-6, 2010 Penyelidikan Terkehadapan Sains dan Teknologi UKM-UNRI

FLAVONOID PROFILES AND ANTIOXIDANT ACTIVITY OF BANGUN-BANGUN (Coleus amboinicus) Chainulfiffah Abdullah1, Christine Jose1, Aminah Abdullah2, Khaled Hamed Musa2, Desi Yanti1, & Harni Sepryani1 1 Jurusan Kimia, FMIPA, Universitas Riau, Pekanbaru, Indonesia 2 Pusat Pengajian Sains Kimia dan Teknologi Makanan, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia INTRODUCTION It has been recognized for many years in North Sumatera that Bangun-bangun (Coleus amboinicus) is used as medicine. The juice of the leaves is used for asthma, chronic coughs, bronchits, colic, flatulence, rheumatism. Decoction of leaves is given after childbirth. These indicates that Bagun-bangun may serve as an excellent flavonoid source and natural antioxidants for disease preventions and health promotion. Flavonoids have been reported to exhibit several health beneficial effects by acting as antioxidant, anticarcinogen, cardiopreventive, antimicrobial, anti-viral, and neuro-protective agents (Hounsome and others 2008). Flavonoids are a group of natural benzo-c-pyrane derivatives ubiquitous in the plant kingdom, and occur most often as glycosides (Patricia and Kennedy 2008). Soil fertility and treatment of the plants affect the content of flavonoid and antioxidant activity (Klat, 2005). The flavonoid profiles and antioxidant activity of Bangun-bangun grown organically treated with fermented plant extract (FPE) have not been reported. The objectives of this study were to examine radical DPPH scavenging activity and the flavonoid profile of Bangun-bangun. MATERIALS AND METHODS Treatment of Bangun-bangun. Bangun-bangun (Coleus amboinicus) plants were grown at Bokashi Garden, FMIPA, University of Riau and subjected to 6 treatments: 1) application of bokashi (as fertilizer) without FPE (C1); 2) without application of bokashi and without FPE (C2); 3) conventionally grown by the farmer (C3); 4) application of bokashi and FPE of Mixed Herbs (MH); 5) application of bokashi and FPE Crown of God (CG); 6) application of bokashi and EM5 (EM5). Analitical Analysis. All samples were extracted with methanol and were concentrated to dryness in vacuo at 40 o C to produce the methanol extract. Determination of DPPH-free radical scavenging capacity was evaluated according to the method of Xu et al., (2007). The absorbance for the sample was measured using the UNICAM UV/VIS Spectrometer at 517 nm. HPLC analysis was carried out using a Szimattzu Intelligent UFLC system (Szimatzu, Tokyo, Japan) in UKM. The flavone derivatives were prepared in a concentration of 10 M in methanol and 10l was injected onto a reverse-phase column (4.6100 mm, I.D.). The isocratic mobile phase consisted of 0.1% (v/v) trichloroacetic acid and methanol (45:55% v/v) and flow rate was 1 ml/min. Detection was performed by measuring absorbance at 350 nm using a Jasco UV-970 Intelligent UV/VIS detector .

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Seminar UKM-UNRI ke-6 2010 Penyelidikan Terkehadapan Sains dan Teknologi UKM-UNRI

RESULTS AND DISCUSSION Table 1 shows the percentage of discoloration of DPPH after 1 hour incubation. Sample analysis with the amount of 20 l shows that the standar Trolox only gives 26,749% discoloration, while EM5 shows 74,074% which is the highest discoloration. It means that EM5 have the highes scavenging activity that strongly reduces the color of DPPH. Among treatments the least discoloration is observed from sample C3, the bangun-bangun from conventional farmer market. Table 1. Percent discoloration of DPPH after 1 hour Sample (l) % Discoloration of DPPH

C1 C2 C3 MH CG EM5 Trolox 0 100 100 100 100 100 100 100 20 67,627 60,494 51,715 65,158 65,706 74,074 26,749 40 71,331 63,512 55,693 68,313 68,038 76,543 44,444 60 74,211 67,901 62,689 71,468 71,742 78,189 84,774 80 78,738 70,782 66,667 74,074 74,486 79,150 85,460 100 83,813 82,990 74,897 76,543 78,875 81,893 82,305 Note: C1= control 1 with bokashi; C2 = control 2 without bokashi; C3= conventional; MH = bokashi and FPE of Mixed Herbs; CG= bokashi and FPE Crown of God; EM5 = bokashi and EM5. Determination of flavonoid profile in each sample of Bangun-bangun extracts were analyzed using an UFLC (Ultra Fast Liquid Chromatograph) method. Based on the standard solution. All 6 different treatments of tanaman bangun-bangun extract samples contain luteolin (LUT) and apigenin (APP). Bangun-bangun treated with EM5 content the highest apigenin. It shows that cultivation method do effect the content and concentration of flavonoid.

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Seminar UKM-UNRI Ke-6, 2010 Penyelidikan Terkehadapan Sains dan Teknologi UKM-UNRI

Figure 2. UFLC profiles of 6 different treatments of tanaman bangun-bangun extract samples. C1= control 1; C2 = control 2; C3= conventional; MH = FPE of Mixed Herbs; CG= FPE Crown of God; EM5 = EM5.

CONCLUSION This result indicates that cultivation method or treatments of the plants contributes to the differences of antioxidant activity. It means that the amount and compound of antioxidant will be different too which can be analyzed through HPLC method. ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS The author would like to acknowledge the financial support to I-MHERE Project, the University of Riau (UR), REFFERENCE Hounsome N, Hounsome B, Tomos D, Edwards-Jones G. 2008 . Plant Metabolites and Nutritional Quality of Vegetables. J. Food Sci. 73(4): R48-R66 Kalt W. 2005. Effects of Production and Processing Factors on Major Fruit and Vegetable Antioxidants Patricia MA and Kennedy JA. 2008. Flavan-3-ols: Nature, Occurrence and Biological Activity. Mol. Nutr. Food Res. 52,79-104 Xu BJ, Yuan SH, and Chang KC. 2007. Comparative Analysis of Phenolic Composition, Antioxidant Capacity, and Color of Cool Season Legumes and Other Selected Food Legumes. J. Food Sci. 72(1): S59-S66

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