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    Boulder weirs are intended to be built low, drops rarely exceed 1.5' - 2' in height. Boulder vanes are essentially one arm of a Cross Vane positioned in groups of 2 - 5 on eroding outside meander bends. A One Rock Dam is essentially the same structure that is hand built with smaller rocks.

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    Boulder weirs are intended to be built low, drops rarely exceed 1.5' - 2' in height. Boulder vanes are essentially one arm of a Cross Vane positioned in groups of 2 - 5 on eroding outside meander bends. A One Rock Dam is essentially the same structure that is hand built with smaller rocks.

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    19 views24 pages

    Methods Structures

    Uploaded by

    12marco713288
    Boulder weirs are intended to be built low, drops rarely exceed 1.5' - 2' in height. Boulder vanes are essentially one arm of a Cross Vane positioned in groups of 2 - 5 on eroding outside meander bends. A One Rock Dam is essentially the same structure that is hand built with smaller rocks.

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    of 24

    Boulder Weir/ One Rock Dam

    Aboulderweirisagradecontrolstructurethatisconstructedwithasinglelayerof boulderslayingonthechannelbed.Thesinglelayerofbouldersisbuilttocovera relativelylargesurfaceareaofthechannel.Thisallowsthestructuretoactasa constructedriffle,addingroughnesstothechannel,slowingflowsandencouragingthe depositionofsedimentonandnearthestructure.Thesinglelayerofbouldersalso actsasamulchandretainsmoistureinthebedofephemeralchannelsthatcan supportvegetation,whichultimatelyaddsstrengthandlongevitytothestructure. Boulderweirsareintendedtobebuiltlow,dropsrarelyexceed1.5 2inheight.This minimizesthechanceofscouronthedownstreamsideofthestructureandensures thatnoonestructurecausesabruptchangesinthegeomorphologyofthechannel.A OneRockDamisessentiallythesamestructurethatishandbuiltwithsmallerrocks.

    Boulder Weir
    Crossover=Deposition Pool=Scour

    PlanView

    Crossover=Deposition

    Profile

    2010CS

    Cross Vane
    Acrossvaneisusedtoprovidebothgradecontrolandbankprotection.Thestructure isessentiallyshapedlikeaV.Thecenterofthestructureisknownastheinvert.The invertsetstheintendedgradeofthechannelupstreamfromthestructure.Eacharm oftheVisangledandslopedawayfromtheinvertandupintothebanks.The slopedarmssteerwaterawayfromthebanksandtowardthecenterofthechannel. Theareaimmediatelydownstreamfromtheinvertisdesignedtoformascourpool. Thispoolallowstheconcentrationofflowinthecenterofthechannelanddissipates theenergyofthewaterasitfallsovertheinvertandarms.Thedegreeofscouris controlledbytheheightoftheinvertandtherelationofthewidthofthestructureto thechannelformingflood.Crossvanesarebuiltwithdeepfooterstopreventthe structurefrombeingundermined.

    Cross Vane

    2010CS

    Cross Vane with A-Bar

    2010CS

    Pool/ standing wave

    Boulder Vane
    Bouldervanesareusedtostabilizebankerosion.Abouldervaneisessentiallyone armofacrossvanepositionedingroupsof2 5onerodingoutsidemeanderbends. Theupstreamtipofthearmisthelowestpointofthestructureandispositionedas closetobedelevationaspossible.Thedownstreambaseofthestructureisanchored intothebankandtheelevationofthispointisdeterminedbytheheightofthe channelformingflood.Thestructuregraduallyslopesuphill,intothebankfrom upstreamtodownstream.Thegradualslopeslowswaterthatflowsacrossthe structurebecausethewaterhastoflowagainsttheslopeasitapproachesthebank. Thiscausesaslowmovingcushionofwatertoformnearthebankthatsteersthe fastermovingcurrenttowardthecenterofthechannel.Theslowmovingwaternear thebankdepositssedimentandgraduallyallowsastablebanktoforminplaceofthe onceerodingoutsidebend.

    Boulder Vane

    2010CS

    BoulderVanedeflectingfloodflowsawayfrombank

    J-Hook Vane

    2010CS

    Typical Vane Layout

    2010CS

    Erodingoutsidemeanderbend

    PointBar

    Thalwag current

    Natural Channel Restoration Example


    Thefollowingimagesshowawetlandrestorationprojectlocatedinanephemeral channelnearSantaFe,NM.Thisprojectcombinestheuseofboulderweirsforgrade control,crossvanesforgradecontrolandbankstabilizationandbouldervanesfor bankstabilization.Thewetlandwasactivelydowncuttingandinadegradedcondition duetoaseriesofheadcutsmovingupstreamthroughtheprojectsite.Thewetland driedrapidlyfollowingthepassageoftheheadcutsandwetlandplantspeciesbegan todeclineimmediately.Thegoaloftherestorationwastorewetthewetlandby liftingthebedofthechannelascloseaspossibletoitspreincisionlevel.Crossvanes andboulderweirswereusedtoreconnectfloodflowswiththeadjacentfloodplain. Bouldervaneswereusedtostabilizeerodingoutsidemeanderbendscausedby excessivepointbargrowth.Theprojecthasbeeninplaceforalmosttwoyearsnow andhasexperiencedseveralfloodevents.Evenatthisearlystagethewetland vegetationisrespondingtoadditionalmoisturestorageandreducederosion.Thereis atleastoneperennialpoolthatwasnotpresentpriortoimplementationofthe project.Weexpectconditionstoimproverapidlyfollowingfuturefloods.Itislikely thatthisephemeralchannelwillsoonholdenoughmoisturetobeconsidered intermittentorevenperennialinterrupted.

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