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Automatic Night Lamp With Morning Alarm: R.Ramya M.Suganya
Automatic Night Lamp With Morning Alarm: R.Ramya M.Suganya
A MINIPROJECT REPORT
BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING
in
SIGNATURE
SIGNATURE
V.KEJALAKSHMI M.E.;
HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT
S.R.NARESH M.E.,
SUPERVISOR
Associate professor1
Electronics and communication engineering K.L.N college of engineering, Pottapalayam, Sivagangai-630611
Internal examiner
ii
External Examiner
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
The satisfaction and euphoria that accompany the successful completion of any task would be incomplete without the mention of the people who made it possible, whose constant guidance and encouragement crowned our efforts with success. We extend our gratitude to the founder, Mr.K.L.N. KRISHNAN, K.L.N College of engineering for making us march towards the glory of success. We express our sincere thanks to our beloved management and principal Dr.A.V.RAMPRASAD, M.E., (microwave & optical engg.), PhD, for all the facilities offered. Our profound and sincere thanks to our Head of the department Mrs.V.Kejalakshmi, M.E., whose support was inevitable during the entire period. We are grateful to our project guide Mr. S.R.NARESH M.E., for providing invaluable guidance. And finally, we extend our sincere thanks to the teaching and non teaching staff, our family, friends and well wishers for their love, concern and moral support that helped us in completing this work successfully.
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DECLARATION
We hereby declare that the miniproject work entitled AUTOMATIC NIGHT LAMP WITH MORNING ALARM is an original work done by us, under the supervision of Mr. S.R.NARESH M.E, Associate professor1,Electronics and communication engineering, K.L.N college of engineering, Pottapalayam, Sivagangai-630611, and this work has not been submitted elsewhere for any degree, diploma etc.
R.RAMYA 105904133084
M.SUGANYA 105904133105
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TABLE OF CONTENTS
CHAPTER NO.
TITLE
PAGE NO.
viii ix x xi
1.
1 1 1
2.
2 2
2 3
3.
COMPONENT DETAILS
3.2 UM 66 3.3 IC 7806 3.4 ZENER DIODE 3.5 BC548 3.6 RESISTORS 3.7 CAPACITORS 3.8 TRANSFORMER 3.9 LIGHT EMITTING DIODE 3.10 LIGHT DEPENDENT RESISTOR 3.11 SPEAKERS 3.12 DIODES
6 6 7 7 8 8 9 10 10
11 12
4.
COMPONENTS OPERATIONS
13
13
vi
14
15 15
5.
PROPOSED WORK
16
16 17
6. 7. 8. 9. 10.
19 20 21 22 23
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ABSTRACT
Automatic Night Lamp with Morning Alarm System is a simple yet powerful concept, which uses transistor as a switch. By using this system manual works are removed to a great extent. It automatically switches ON lights when the sunlight goes below the visible region of our eyes. This is done by a sensor called Light Dependant Resistor (LDR) which senses the light actually like our eyes. It automatically switches OFF lights whenever the sunlight comes, visible to our eyes and activates the morning alarm. By using this system energy consumption is also reduced because nowadays the manually operated street lights are not switched off even the sunlight comes and also switched on earlier before sunset. In this project, no need of manual operation like ON time and OFF time setting. LDR and transistor are the main components of the project. The resistance of light dependant resistor (LDR) varies according to the light falling on it. This LDR is connected as biasing resistor of the transistor. According to the light falls on the LDR, the transistor is operated in saturation and cut off region. This transistor switches the relay to switch on / off the light. This project uses regulated 12V, 750mA power supply. 7806 three terminal voltage regulator is used for voltage regulation. Bridge type full wave rectifier is used to rectify the ac output of secondary of 230/18V step down transformer.
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LIST OF TABLES
TABLE NO.
TITLE
PAGE NO.
2.1
COMPONENTS REQUIRED
ix
LIST OF FIGURES
FIG NO.
DESCRIPTION
PAGE NO.
2.1 3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6 3.7 3.8 3.9 3.10 3.11 3.12 3.13 4.1 4.2 5.1
Functional block diagram 555 Timer Pin diagram of 555 Timer UM 66 IC 7806 Zener diode BC548 Resistors Capacitors Transformers LED LDR Speakers Diodes 555 IC monostable multivibrator operations. Transistor as switch Circuit diagram
LIST OF ABBREVATIONS
SYMBOL
SYMBOL DESCRIPTION
xi