A PROJECT REPORT ON SOLAR POWER ENGINE

SUBMITTED IN PARTIAL FULFILLMENT OF THE REQUIREMENT FOR THE AWARD OF THE DEGREE OF

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

Submitted To: Mr. Mahendra Singh Bairwa (HOD) Mech.Engg. Submitted By: Jaimik Sane Pratik Panchal Viral Gadariya Hardik Rudani Ratnesh Singh Abhishek Rai

Guided by: Mr. Rahul Kumawat

Asst. Professor (ME)

Department Of Mechanical Engineering

Maharishi Arvind College of Engineering & Research Centre, Jaipur RAJASTHAN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, KOTA 2012-2013
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RAJASTHAN TECHNICAL UNIVERSITY, KOTA

CERTIFICATE
This is to certify that JAIMIK SANE, PRATIK PANCHAL, VIRAL GADARIYA, HARDIK RUDANI, RATNESH SINGH, ABHISHEK RAI who has successfully carried out the project work on SOLAR POWER ENGINE under my supervision & guidance.

Mr. Mahendra Singh Bairwa

(HEAD OF THE DEPARTMENT) MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT MAHARISHI ARVIND COLLEGE OF ENGG. & RESEARCH CENTER SIRSI ROAD, JAIPUR

Mr. Rahul Kumawat

(PROJECT GUIDE) MECHANICAL DEPARTMENT MAHARISHI ARVIND COLLEGE OF ENGG. & RESEARCH CENTER SIRSI ROAD, JAIPUR

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
First of all we thank the almighty for providing us with the strength and courage to present the project work. We avail this opportunity to express our sincere gratitude towards Mr. Mahendra Singh Bairwa head of mechanical engineering department, for permitting us to conduct the project work. We like to express our sincere thanks to Dr. R.B. Gupta the principal of M.A.C.E.R.C. We also at the outset thank and express our profound gratitude to our project guide Mr. Rahul Kumawat for their inspiring assistance, encouragement and useful guidance. We are also indebted to all the teaching and non-teaching staff of the department of mechanical engineering for their cooperation and suggestion, which is the spirit behind this project. Last but not the least, we wish to express our sincere thanks to all our friends for their goodwill and constructive ideas.

Jaimik Sane Pratik Panchal Viral Gadariya Hardik Rudani Ratnesh Singh Abhishek Rai

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ABSTRACT
Solar thermal technology is competitive in some very limited markets. The most common use for solar thermal technology has been for water heating in sunny climates. Another use is for power production, such as the Vanguard system and the Shannendoah Valley Parabolic dish system. However, due to the complex design and costs of production and maintenance, solar thermal systems have fallen behind in the world of alternative energy systems. The concentrated solar thermal energy system constructed for this work follows that of the conventional design of a parabolic concentrator with the receiver placed along the line between the center of the concentrator and the sun. This allows for effective collecting and concentrating of the incoming solar irradiation. The concentrator receives approximately 1.064kW/m2 of solar insolation (dependent upon time of year), which is concentrated and reflected to the receiver. By concentrating the incoming radiation, the operating temperature of the system is increased significantly and subsequently increases the efficiency of the conversion from sunlight to electricity. For the current system, with a concentration ratio of 96, the concentrator is theoretically capable of producing temperatures upwards to 712 degrees centigrade. However, due to degradation of the optics and other various factors, temperatures as high as 560 degrees centigrade have been achieved. It was found that the collector (concentrator + receiver) yields an efficiency of 95.6 percent. The system has a solar to electric power conversion of 1.94 percent with a peak electric power production of 220 Watts. The rousing point for this particular system is the simplicity behind the design, with it being simple enough to be maintained by an ordinary bicycle mechanic. This makes the system versatile and ideal for use in off-grid and less tech-savvy areas. This work serves mostly as a proof of concept.

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TABLE OF CONTENTS

CH. NO.

TITLE
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ABSTRACT

PAGE NO.
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1. Introduction
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4

1
1 2 4 7

Motivation Literature Review Solar Steam Generation Previous Work Project Goal

1.5

2. Introduction To The Solar Spectrum

2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11 Solar Geometry Diurnal Rotation Declination Solar Time Steam Boiler Design Boiling Celestial Coordinate Systems Horizontal Coordinates Equatorial Coordinates Solar Collector/Concentrator Acceptance Angle `

10
11 12 12 13 13 14 15 15 16 16 19

3. Experimental Setup
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 Parabolic Dish with Reflective Surface Apparatus Frame Boiler with Mountings Steam Engine LDR Sensor

20
20 21 22 23 24

4. Cost Analysis
4.1 4.2 Project Estimate Material Cost

26
26 27

5. Results & Discussion

5.1 5.2 Results Discussion 5.2.1 5.2.2 5.2.3 5.2.4 5.2.5 Advantages Maintenance Future Aspects Superior than Others Modification

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29 29 29 30 30 31 31

6. Reference

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