CJIMKaHM nporpav xynona M rroTKyrrOJIHMX rrpocropa

y :U;pKBM MaHaCTllpa Pecase

Jaztpanxa Ilponosnh
UDC 75.052.033.046.3:726.012.8](497.11)
Y iUeKciUy ce pacupaeaa 0 uxouoepadxxou UPOZPaMY
xyuona lIpK6eMallaciUupaPeca6e.allapo.luiUo 0
upeociuaeu Ilaniuoxpaiuopa U Hetiecxe nuuiypeuje y
ueniupannoj K)'U0/lU, ao U0 uoupcjuua xoja cy M02J1a
6uiUu nacnuxaua y iUeMellUMayzaouux xyuona. Iloceiina
Ua:JfClba iioceehenaje /lUK06UMa upopoxa, KOjU cy, tcao
iiocpeonuuu U3Meljy neiia Useunse, ooiiuau cuutionuuno
MeciUo y iUaM6ypy ueniiipanne yuone. Pasuatupane cy U
ppecKe y UOiUK)'UO/lIlUM iipociiiopuua, a iipu iUoMe cy
usoeojeue iipeociiiaee jeeauhenuciiia ua ualloalliUupUMa
Unepyxoiueopeuux C/lUKa XPUCiU06UX usuehy nsux.
Kynona ce, no BH3aHTHjcKHM ryMaqeIbHMa upxseae
rpaheaane, cMa-rpa CHM60JIOM He6a, mTO cy Y3HMaJIH y 06-
3RpHBH3aHTHjcKH CJIHKapH npHJIHKOM OCJIHKaBaIba xpasra,
IIpHTOMeje KaJIOTa xynone osaaseaa xao He6eCKH CBO,u: HJIH
He60 Ha,u: He6eCHMa, na KojeM ce HaJIa3H ,u:OM XpHCTOB.l Te
CHM60JIHKe npanpzcaaana cy ceHCJIHKapHQPKBe MaHaCTHpa
Pecase, na je, CXO,u:HO TOMe, synona yxpamena He6ecKHM're-
MaMa H npencraaasra OHHX JIflqHOCTH xoje CHe60Mcroje y
aenocpezraou ztozrapy.
Kanoiua uenuipanue K)'UO/le
Ilpencrase y KaJIOTaMa CBHX xyrrona y QPKBH MaHa-
crnpa Pecase CacBHM cy yaanrrene. Ilporpasrcxa aHaJIH3a
<ppecaKa y TaM6ypHMa, Y3 yrropenay aHaJIH3Y
npencrasa y QPKBaMa CnOTIIYHO OqyBaHHM KyrrOJIHHM rrpo-
rpaMHMa, ,u:03BOJbaBa pexoacrpyxrmjy rrpB06HTHOr )KHBO-
IIHca. TaKO je y npCTeHY OKO 'resreaa uerrrparrne KYnOJIe y
PeCaBH <pparMeHTapHO osyaaaa npeztcrana He6eCKe JIHTYP-
raje, a acnon Ibe ce HaJIa3e JIHKOBH npopoxa (l\PT. 1). Ty je,
ztaxne, pes 0 rrporpasry KaCHOBH3aHTIfJCKe xyno-
JIe, y qHjeM ce TeMeHY HaJIa3H CJIHKa IIaHToKpaTOpa. BpJIO
cnasaa npaxep MO)Ke ce BH,u:eTH y l\pKBHMaHaCTHpa Pana-
nnne, 3a.u:y)K6HHHKHe3a Jlasapa, xojaje no MHoro qeMY6HJIa
Y30P sa CJIHKaHH nporpass Pecaae. Ha OCHOBy rora MO)Ke ce
3aKJbyqHTH ztaje Hy xanora rrearpanae synone Pecaae 6HO
HaCJIHKaH Xpuciuoc Ilautuoxpatuop. Ty npeTnOCTaBKY no-
rsphyje Hasaeurraj <I>eJIHKCa KaHHQa, KOjH je y XIX BeKY y
KaJIOTH uearpanae xynone BH):leO MOHYMeHTaJIHY npencrasy
XpHCTa IIaHToKpaTOpa.2 Hnax, no cBeMY cyaeha, sayaex he
OCTam 'rajaa KaKO je IIaHToKpaTOp TaqHO asrnenao Hna JIH
je Y3 'raj JIHK nocrojao HeKH HaTnHC, mTO 6H sa 06jamIbeIbe
OBe CJIHKe 6HJIO on BeJIHKOr saasaja,
BH3HjaXpHCTa, Ilapa CJIaBe, Ilanrosparopa HKOCMO-
xparopa, qHje ,u:Be rrpRpo,u:e CJIaBe rrpOpOl\H, a nOHe-
Ka,u: H anOKaJIHIITflqHa 6Hha, 6HJIa je npe,u:CTaBJbaHa HaHKO-
HaMa H y arrCH):laMa l\pKaBajom y paHoxpHmhaHcKoj YMeT-
nocra.t Ilpencrasa y l\pKBHIlaaaraja ,ZJ;pocojaHH aa HaKCO-
cy (zrpyra nOJIOBHHa VII sexa) yxasyje aa 'ro naje IIaHToKpa-
TOpOB JIHK 'razta 6HO CJIHKaH HYTeMeHY xynona.! Ilpencrasa
XpHCTa IIaHTOKpaTOpa y TeMeHY KYnoJIe YCTaJIHJIa ce nax y
nporpaxmra BH3aHTHjCKHX npxaaa TeKnOCJIe HKOHOKJIa3Ma
Hy6p30 je nOCTaJIa aajpacnpocrpaaeaaja 06JIHK yspamasa-
Iba KaJIOTe, aa nrra yxasyjy npaaepa H3 cpeznsosaaaaraj-
cxor nepaona H HapOqHTO H3 KaCHOBH3aHTHjcKOr. Ha TY
axoaorpadmjy xynone xao CJIHKe KOCMoca YTHl\aJIH cy CBa-
KaKO uapnrpancxn reOJI03H, KOjH cy jomrrpe BJIa,u:aBHHe Ba-
cHJIHja 1(867-886) HJIaBaVI Mynpor (886-912) YKa3HBaJIH
aa Xpacra, Dora HqOBeKa, xao na mopua Hnnanapanacerse-
He.
5
Y BpeMe Ilaneonora TOje nOCTaO aajpacnpocrparseaaja
10 K)'IIOJIH KaO CHM60JIY He6a: r. A. Ilpoxorray, 0 /COC1jlOAoruc6,.
crojl{JOA,!eJjl6'O eJTI/V apX!'fE/C'fOV!/Ct1 'fOV {Jv'av'rlvov vaov, ATHHll 1981,
110sqq., 215-217; E. Baldwin Smith, The Dome. A Study in the History of
Ideas, Princeton 1950, passim.; L. Hautecoeur, Mystique et architecture.
Symbolisme du cercle et de la coupole, Paris 1954, passim; K. E. McVey,
The Domed Church as Microcosm. Literary Roots an Architectural Symbol,
DOP 37 (1983) 91 sqq. (0 CHM60JIHl(H rrpsaeaor rrpocropa na rrpaaepy ca-
pajcxe XJlMHe y cnasy xarenpane y E,I:\eCH).
2 cr. F. Kanitz, Serbien. Historisch-ethnographische Reisestudien
aus dem Jahre 1859-1868, Leipzig 1868,26.
3 Ilpmrcpc ,l:\OHOCe, H3Meljy OCTl1IDlX: Ch. Ibm, Die Programme der
christlichen Apsismalerei vom vierten Jahrhundert bis zur Mitte des achten
Jahrhunderts, Wiesbaden 1960, 42-51; S. Kaspersen, Majestas Domini -
Regnum et Sacerdotium. Zu Entstehung und Leben des Motivs bis zum Inve-
stiturstreit, Hafnia 8 (1981) 83-146; W. Weber, Symbolik in der abendliin-
dischen und byzantinischen Kunst. I: Von Sinn und Gestalt der Aureole, Ba-
se11981, 220 sqq.; K. Weitzmann, The Monastery ofSaint Catherine at Mo-
unt Sinai. The Icons, 1: From the Sixth to the Tenth Century, Princeton 1976,
41 sq. (B. 16), PI. XVIII, LXII-LXIII; L. Bremer, Les visions apocalypti-
ques dans l'art byzantin, Arta si Archeologia 4 (1930) 1-12 (ayrop Ha3HBa
OBy cneny arrOKl\JlHIlTH'IHOM BH3HjOM).
4 Cf. H. I'aonec, 0 Bv(av'rlv6,. 'fPOVA,A,OfO xca ro E!/Covoypalp!/C6
'fOV lrp6rpajljla (}deJa 60v al.-1204), Araaa 1990, 31 sqq., 228; M.
Chatzidakis et al., Naxos, Athens 1989, 19, Fig. 4.
5 IIHCaHH H3BOpH yxasyjy aa TO ,l:\a je CJIHKalbe XpHCTa IIaHTOKpa-
TOpa y xynonasran:apHrPa,I:IcKIIXIlPKaBa sehy IXBeKY6HnoBeOMa pacrrpo-
crparseno. Jib n03HaTe rrponosena narpajapxa <I>OTHja (pecewa XOMWlU-
ja) H3rOBOpeHe rrpHnHKOM ocsehersa IlPKBe Boropozrane 0,1:\ <I>apa (864),
carpaheae y 6nH3HHH XPH3QTPHKJIHHOCa uapcxe nanare, BepOBaTHO no na-
nory napa Maxaana III (842-867), casnaje ce na ce y K)'IIOJIH 're IlPKBe aa-
nasana M03aHQKa npezrcrasa XpHCTa IIaHToKpaTOpa [cf. R. J. H. Jenkins,
C. A. Mango, The Date and Significance ofthe Tenth Homily ofPhotius,
DOP 9-10 (1956) 125-140; The Homilies ofPhotius, Patriarch ofConstan-
tinapie, ed. C. Mango, Cambridge, Mass., 1958, 185 sqq.; C. Mango, The
Art ofthe Byzantine Empire. 312-1453. Sources andDocuments, Englewo-
od Cliffs 1972, 186]. CJIHqaH K)'IIOnHH rrporpass HManaje BepoBaTHO H'ra-
K03BaHa HOBa IlPKBa (Nea e/C/CA,T/C1{a), raxohe y napcxoj nanara; ra IlPKBa
je, y rrpHCYCTBY napa Bacanaja 1(867-886), ocseheaa 880. rozraae. lli 28.
H34. rrponOBe,l:\H IlapaJIaBaVI Ca3Haje ce ,l:\a ce rrpe,l:\CTaBa IIaHToKpaTOpa
Hana3Hna Hy K)'IIOJIH IlPKBe n:apHrPa,I:ICKOr MaHaCTIlpa Kayneac (H3 OCHOBe
peCTaypIlpaHa no,l:\ naTPHjapxoMAmoHHjeM II KayneacoM, 893-901), KaO 131
Iipiueoc 1a. Lleuiupanua KyUOJIa, uciUo'llla ujyocua ciupaua; eoptsupeeuctuap: ippaeueumu Hetiecxenutuypeuje;
iUaM6yp, zopteupea: upopouuHnuja, Jenucej, Je3eKWb, A6aKYM, Jepeuuja u 3axapuja (unaou); aOlbu pea: upopouu Coipouuja.
Aeouja, Aeej, Hayu, Feoeou u Ocuja (upiueoc E. )J{u6Ko6una)
Bll,ll yxpanranarsa KyIIOJIa, a rrpa TOMe je npezrcrasa Xpacra
ofijaunsasana na paanasnre HaQllHe.
6
Ilon ,llO,llaTHIlM yraua-
jeMuaparpancxax TeOJIOra y TO npesrenonpcje Ilarrroxparo-
pa ospyacasaao je pa3HOBpCHllM Bll,llOBIlMa nefiecxax 611ha.
CJIO:>KeHa Bll3llja Xpacra y CJIaBIl nponrapena je y KaCHOBll-
sanrajcxoa nepaony npencrasoa Hefiecxe mrrypraje, mTO
je rrpyzcano ztoztarno ofijannseae Ilaaroxparopose CJIllKe.
OHje TaKO 6110 npencranrsan IIxao BeJIllKIl CBemTeHIlK xoja
06aBJba Hefiecxy mrryprajy. Ha raj HaqllH crnncapa cy ce
ocnarsann na Ilocnauuuy Jeepejuua, y KOjOj aIIOCTOJI IlaBJIe,
na OCHOBy Ilc 110, 4, ronopn 0 Xpacry xao 0 BeJIllKOM II
BeQHOM IIOrJIaBapy no peny Menxacezrexo-
BOM (JeB 6,20), OHOM "KOjll je nponrao aefieca" (JeB 4, 14) II
"KOjll cjene Cnecne crpane npajecrona aernraane na netie-
cllMa" (JeB 8, 1).7Ilpeaa TYMaqeH>Y CBeTllX oraua, csenrre-
ynora XpllCTOBa liMa COTllpllOJIOmKO aaaserse jep je
XpIlCTOC, :>KpTByjyhll ce6e, OqllCTIlO rpexe CBeTa II IIOCTao
CBemTeHllK.8 Ty nnejy paspaztana cy IIOTOM y CBOjllM cnacn-
Ma upxaena OU;Il, Meijy KojllMa cy Haj3HaqajHlljll Araaacnje
Anexcaaapajcxa, JOBaH XpIl30CTOM, Kapan Anexcannpaj-
cxn, Fparopnje Hncxa, KHPllJI Jepycanmrcxa a EIIll<paHllje
KIlIIapCKll.9 TaKBO ofijannsen,e rpefiano 611 TPa:>KllTll II sa
cPpecKy Ilaaroxparopa y xynonn pecascxe upxae, Ha TO yxa-
ayje II qllIheHllu;a ztaje Y3 H>era npeztcraarsena Hefiecxa JIll-
TYPrllja, a HemTO Hll:>Ke IIBeJIllKll csenrremnta Ctaapoesaee-
ii1a - CaMYllJI0, Mojcaje, APOH II3axapllja, xoja ce MOry ry-
132 MaqllTll xao rrpednrrypanaje Xpncra CBemTeHllKa.
1O
H rrpeCTOHWIKor xpasra Crarrnjana (886-893). YIX HJIlI xpajev X
sesa (986-994) JIlIK Ilarrroxparopoa HaCJIlIKaH je y xyrrona IIpKBe CBeTe
Codiaje y Ilaparpany (o6HOBJbeH 1354). 3a Tea npyre uaparpaztcxe IIpKBe
cr. Mango, Art ofthe Byzantine Empire, 194,202 sqq.; C. Mango, Materials
for the Study of the Mosaics ofSt. Sophia at Istanbul, Washington 1962,
29-35, 87-91, Fig. 1-3, 23-27, 111 sqq.; K. Wessel, Bildprograrnm, in:
RbK= Reallexikon zur byzantinischen Kunst I, Stuttgart 1966, 668-671; E.
Giordani, Das mittelbyzantinische Ausschmilckungssystem als Ausdruck
eines hieratischen Bildprogramms, JOBG 1 (1951), 103 sqq.; Taonec, Bv-
(;avn 32 sqq., 32, 55 sq., 62, 228 sqq.; A. Grabar, L'icono-
clasme hyzantin. Dossier archeologique, Paris 1957,253.
6 cr. T. Ilanasracropaxac, 0 TOV Tpovllov Trov varov
lCEPl680v CJTTf Ball/Cavl/CJ) XepCJ6vTfCJo xca TTfV x.
ttoo, Arana 2001,61-79.
7 E. M. Hapnnh, Apxujepej iiopeoyMenxuceoexoey, EorOCnOBJbe
17/1-2 (1973) 17-42; idem, Apxujepej iio peoyMenxuceoexoey III, Boro-
cnoarse 18/1-2 (1974) 17-46.
8 J. IIorroBlfn,pomaUiuKa Ilpaeocnaeue upxee II, Beorpan 1980,
437-445; qapHHh, Apxujepej iio peoyMenxuceoexoey, 46.
9 IIorroBlfh,pomaUiuKa Ilpaeocnaeue upxee II, 416-432.
10 Ilpezrcrase crapoaaaemax caenrremnca nanase ce y xynorra np-
KBe y ApIfJbY. Ty ce rrojaarsyje rrpenasno pemerse xa KacHlfjlfM K)'IIOJIHIfM
npencrasaaa He6eCKe narypraje If Xpacra csenrrenaxa, Cf. .n;.Bojsozrah,
3UOHO cnuxapciueo upxee C6eUio2 Axunuja y Apunsy, Beorpan 2005, 37
sqq.; .n;. BOjBOJ:\nh, OlluKo6UMactnaposaeetuuux upeoceeiuuieuuxa y 6U-
3aHUiujcKoM 3UOHOM cnusapciuey c paja XIII eexa, 3PBH 37 (1998)
121-150; Lj. D. Popovic, The Old Testament High Priests in Arilje. Their
Representation, RelatedImages, and Theological Significance, in: Scholar,
Patriot, Mentor. Historical Essays in Honor ofDimitrije Djordjevic, ed. R.
B. Spence, L. L. Nelson, New York 1992,77-99; Lj. Popovic, The Prophets
in the Drum and Soffits ofthe Arilje Katholikon. A Study ofFigure Identifi-
ties and Interpretation ofTheir Texts, in: Ceeiuu Axunuje y ApUJbY. Hcuio-
puja u yMeUiHocUi, 360PHlfK pazrona ca aaysnor cK)'IIa, 25-28. 5. 1996,
Beorpazt 2002, 121.
__.
r
- - -
, - -
-r
/4Jme:JK: 16. Ileumpanua xyuona, saaaoua u ceeepua ctupana: 20P1bUpeeuciuap: ippaeueutuu Heiiecxe nuiuypeuje;
maM6yp, 20P1bU peo: UpOpOl./U JOHa, JOUll, Manaxuja, Ilauuno, Hcauja u Joeau Ilpeiueua; 001bU peo: UpOpOl./U AMoc, CaMyUllO,
3axapuja (ctuapu), Apou, Mojcuje u Muxej (uptueoc E. }/(ue1<oeuna)
Kanoiue yzaouux yiiona
On npencrasa y KaJIOTaMa cexynnapanx K)'IIoJIa o'I)'BaH
je CaMO <pparMem y jyrosarrazraoj K)'IIOJIM (npr, 4).11 3y6 spe-
MeHa aenosparao je O)J;Heo CBe OCTaJIe npencrase, TaKO ztace
ztaaac MOJKe CaMO narahara IIlTaje y IhMMa 6MJIO HaCJlMKaHO.
II03HaTo je ztacy YceKYH/l:apHMM xynonaaa BM3aHTMj-
CKJilX npxasa aajxemhe 6MJIM CJlMKaHM Me,n:aJI,OHM Crronpcja-
MaPa3JIMqMTMX BM,n:OBa XpMCTa, xao MOHM Cnorrpcjaaa Eo-
roponaue Mapxanhena. AKo ce cyna npesra npnaepy M3 Pa-
nanmte, xoja MMa CJIMqaH nporpaa TaM6ypa cexyanapnax
xyrrona xao Pecana, oazta cy My Pecasa y TeMeHMMa TMX xy-
nona MOpaJIM 6MTH npnxasann XpHCTOC EMaHyMJI, Crapan
ztana, Boroporrana H apxaaheo MJilXaHJlo.12 Ha TO 6H Morao
zra yKaJKe HrrOMeHYTH <pparMeHT y jyrosanaznroj KyrrOJIH. Ha
lheMy ceMOJKe pa3a3HaTHneo OCMOKpaKe snesnexojaje 6HJla
yrracana y xpyr, a xojy rpane zma YHaKpCHO nocranrsena
xaanpara, Hecyaaano je ztaje ry HaCJIHKaH cerxear nefia,
IIITO rosopx na ce JIHK - BepOBaTHO 6HCTa - KOjH je y lheMY
6HO npnxasaa HaJIa3HO y nefiecxoj ctpepa. To nornphyjy H
aahena npencraarsean y TaM6ypy. CMM6oJIJilqHO nocsrarpa-
HO, xsanpar je CJIHKa CBeTa xao JKHBOTHOr rrpocropa Jby,n:H.
OHnonceha na serapn crpaae CBeTa Haa serapa serpa xoja
CIhHXnysajy, ua qeTI1pHpajcxe pexe, qeTI1pH He6eCKe JKHBO-
rna,e, sernpa anheocxa JIHl\aripen EorOM, sernpa xorsa pas-
JIHqHTJilX fioja HqeTHpHjesanhersa. )J;Ba yxpnrreaa xaaztpara
rpazteCHM60rrJilqHY OCMOKpaKY ssesny xoja nocpenyje H3Me-
I:)y 3eMJbe (xsaztpara) Hnefia (xpyra) Hofiyxnara 060je. )J;BO-
CTpYKH xsartpar osnaxaaa Hcaspnrenocr KOCMoca y 06mfKY
OCMor He6aH3Ha,n: IIJlaHeTa, xao HOCMM nan, aa KOjH je cezt-
Mo,n:HeBHO crsaparse CBeTa 6MJIO nospmeao. OCMOKpaKa 3Be-
sna onrosapa H OCMOKpaKOM MOHorpaMy XpHCTOBOM, xao H
OCMOKpaKOM xpcry. 3aTO je y TaKBOj npencrasa
nacerseneqeCTO npmcaaaaaa lheH'raopan - I'ocnon. Ilpesra
TOMe, OHje Mopao 6HTH HaCJIHKaH y TeMeHYjyrosanazrae KY-
none pecancxe npxse. Ty ce xrorao HaJIa3HTH Crapan nana,
KOjH je aajxenrhe H6HO TaKO rrpencraarsan, IIapaJIeJIy sa TO
npyzca lherOBarrpencrasa y PaBaHMl\H, raxohe y jyroaanazt-
HOj KYnOJIH. IIOIIITOje y npcreny OKO resreaa ceaeposananae
xynone acrmcaaa XHMHa xoja CJIaBH Boropozmuy, MOrJIO 6H
ce OqeKHBaTH H zta je OHa 6HJla npeztcranrseaa y TeMeHY 're
xynone. TaKBoM saxrsysxy rrpOTHBHJla 6H ce, MeI:)YTMM, yU[-
lheHHl\a ztaje Boropomrsaa l\HKJIYC HaCJIHKaH y l:)aKoHHKo-
HY, rraje, na OCHOBy 'rora, Boroponaxan JIHK Morao 6HTH HY
jyrOHCTOqHOj KyrrOJIH, OHOj MCTOj Y KOjOj ce HaJIa3H y Pasa-
HHl\H. Moryheje ztaje 6HcTaXpncra EMaHYMJIa y Pecana 6H-
JIaHaCJIHKaHa y cenepoacrosaoj KyrrOJIH, HCTO xao y Pana-
HHl\H. Mecro na KojeM cy ce HaJIa3HJlH JIHKOBH apxaahena
6MJIO 6Hozrpeheno, npesraTOMe, y 3aBHCHOCTH on Boroponn-
qHHe npencraae; y PaBaHHl\H cy OHH JKHBOrrHCaHH y cesepo-
sananaoj KyrrOJIH.
II E. :>KHBKOBHh, Manacuja. dipecasa, Beorpaa 1983, II.
12 3a npencrase y TeMeHHMa ceKYH,lIapHHX KYilOJIa Panaaaue cf. E.
:>KHBKoBHn, Pa6aHUlJa. I1,pUte:JfCU r/JpecaKa, Beorpan 1990, 8 sqq.; M. Be-
JIOBHh, Pa6aHUlJa. lfciUopuja UC/lUKapCUt60, Beorpan 1999, 12-15,92 sqq. 133
Ilptueoc 2. Ceeepouciuonna K)JUOlla, iUaM6yp: xepyeuuu
U cepatpuuu (IIPiUe:JIC E. )/(u6Ko6Una)
CJIH'IHe npeztcrase 6lfJIecy yofiaxajene sarenena yra-
OHHX xynona upxasa H3KaCHOBH3aHTHjcKor nepnozra. 0 TO-
Me csenose cexyanapae KynOJIe npxse CBeTHX arrOCTOJIa y
COJI)'HY. qHHHceMorynHM,Llaje TaKaB nporpaa yraonax KY-
nOJIa HaCTaO y Ilaparpazry, HIDKaJIOCT, MHorn uaparpancxa
npmrepn H3Tor npesreaanenonparno cy )'HlUIITeHH, TaKO zta
nanac 0 TOMe MO)Ke CBe,LlO'lH'rHje;rJ;HHO rrpasrepH3napaxnaca
upxse aexaaannser MaHaCTHpa Xope, rne je npaxasaaa 00-
roponaua oxpyacena aHljeJIHMa. Kao npasrep nporpasscxor
pemea,a xoje je HaCTaJIO y Ilaparpazty MO)Ke ce rrpHxBaTHTH
jOIII Hnoxrenyra upasa CBeTHx arrOCTOJIa y COJIyHy, xojy cy,
rro cBeMY cyzreha, OCJIHKaJIH uaparpaztcxa MajcTOpH. Y up-
KBH CBeTHX arrOCTOJIa y uerrrpanaoj KYrrOJIH npaxasan je
IIaHTOKpaTOp. OKO rsera cy acmrcana CTHXOBH IIc 101 (102)
20-22, KOjH ra CJIaBe xao BeJIHKOr CY,LlHjy aa CTPaIIIHOM cy-
;rJ;y. TeKcToBH npopoxa yxasyjy, npa TOM, na iseroay ynory
cnacarersa. Y jyroaanazraoj H ceseposananaoj KyrrOJIH 're
HaCJIHKaHa je BH3Hja npopoxa Je3eKHJba,
.ll:aHlfJIa H Hcaaje. Y jyrosarrazraoj KyrrOJIH rrpencraarsen je
XpHCTOC JIoroc, CXO,LlHO BH3HjH npopoxaJe3eKHJba,
rerpaaopdnoaa, IIIeCTOKplfJIHM cepa<pHMHMa HBaTPeHHM KO-
JIHMa. Y ceaeposanazraoj KyrrOJIH HacJIHKaH je CTapaII zraaa,
xojaje HCTHM He6ecKHM 6HliHMa. Hajsan, y cesepo-
HCTO'IHOj KyrrOJIH rrpnxasaaaje Boropoznnta caXpHCTOM, KO-
jy npare aahena, ,LlOK je npezrcraaa Y jyrosanazmoj KyrrOJIH
OIIITeneHa.
13
IIpHMepHH3yraonax xynona CBeTHX arrOCTOJIa
y COJIYHY HPasanmre HIIaKHHCy jemraa penreaa xoja ce rro-
jasrsyjy y rreTOKyrrOJIHHM npxaaaa. Y CTapOM Haropaxaay
(1316-1318) H (OKO 1320) Y 60'lHHM KyrroJIaMa
rrpe,LlCTaBJbeHH cy jeBaHgeJIHCTH.'4 YHepe3HMa (1164) H00-
JDeBHIIIKoj y IIpH3peHY (OKO 1310-1313) YKaJIO-
TaMa yraoHHXKyrrOJIa HaJIa3e ce rrpe;rJ;cTaBe XpHcTa, Koje ra,
Kao CHM60JI Be'lHOCTH, rrpHKa3yjy y Pa3JIJlqHTHM CTapOCHHM
;rJ;06HMa.'5 Y O;rJ;HrHTPHje (A<peH,LlllKO,
rrOCJIe 1312/1313) y MHCTPH Y ceKyH;rJ;apHHM KyrrOJIaMa Ha-
CJIHKaHH cy rropTPeTH rrpopOKa HrraTPHjapaxa CiIiapoz 3aee-
ilia, a HCTa HKOHorpa<pHja rrOHaBJba ce Hy IIaHTaHaCH (OKO
1430).'6 Y KOCMocoTHpe y BHpH(OKO 1200) Y06e HC-
TO'lHe KyrrOJIe, H3Ha,Ll rrpoTe3Hca H gaKoHHKoHa, rrpHKa3aHH
cy JIHKOBH aHgeJIa, a y 3arra,LlHOM rrapy KyrrOJIa HaCJIHKaHH cy
134 XpHCTOC H
He6ecKa/luiliypzuja
OqyBaHH <pparMeHTH <ppecaKa y npcreay OKO TeMeHa
xynone rosope ztaje y Pecasa aa TOM MecTY 6lfJIa
npaxasaaa Hetiecxa nuiuypeuja, H TO BeJIHKH BXO,Ll xao zteo
JIHTYprHje KOjH cy, nonyr npasenrha, MOrJIH saae-
TH(upr. 1). IIpe,LlCTaBa je fiana norrya.eaa JIHKOBHMa pa3JIH-
'lllTHX anhena KOjH cy HaCJIHKaHli y TaM6ypHMa cexynaap-
HHX xynona, a KOjH cy H ztanac O'lyBaHH (npr. 2-5). To rro-
TBpgyjy JIHTYprHjcKe necsre HCIIHcaHe Y3 nefiecxa 6Hlia. Ta-
KO cy OHH npmcasana xao aKTHBHH rnrryprnje, rro-
nyr napoztaKOjH npara 3eMaJbCKY JIHTYPrnjy. O,Ll rrpeztcrase
JIHTYprHje y npcreay xynone osyaaaa cy jOIII ca-
MO ,LlOlbH,LleJIOBH JIliKOBa anhena gaKOHa KOjH cy ceHaJIa3lfJIH
H3Megy cesepnor Hjyzcnor nposopa xynone. Jacno ce pasa-
anaje CaMO TO na cy 6lfJIHPa3JIJlqHTO oneseaa Hna HeKH 0,Ll
lbHXnoce oztehy gaKOHa. CBHcy ce KpeTaJIH y npasuy HCTO-
xa, rne je neposarno 6HJIa rrpaxasaua 'laCHarprresa, xoja je
aa TOM MecTyHaCJIHKaHa y npeztcrana Hefiecxe JIHTYPrHje y
aJIH H na ,LlPYTHM rr03HaTHM npmrepmra 're cue-
He.'8 Henosnaro je KaKO je H3rJIe,LlaO raj zteo CJIHKe. Y Pasa-
ceH3Ha,Ll sracne rpneae Y3,LlH)Ke 6aJI,LlaxHH, a OKO rprrese
ce HaJIa3e serapa anhena (nsa ca CBaKe CTPaHe) H XpHCTOC
xao CBeIIITeHHK y Cpe,LlHHH. Y CBaKOM cnysajy, neposarao je
na je y Pecaan, xao Hy aJIH Hna MHornM,LlpyrnM
npeztcraaaua OBe cueae, TY6HO npaxasaa BeJIHKH BXO;rJ;, npa
KOJeM ce CBeTH napona npnaoce aa xacny rpnesy.
IIpe,LlCTaBy Hefiecxe JIHTYPrnje BH3aHTHj-
cxor xpyra Y06JIJlqlfJIH cy rrpesrarrpmsepy 3eMaJbCKe JIHTYP-
raje, IIPH TOM cy ce PYKOBO,LlHJIH TeKCTOBHMa TeOJIOra, KOjH
cy Ben 0,Ll paHOXpHIIIliaHCKOr spesreaa YKa3HBaJIH aa CJIH-
'lHOCT H3Megy nefiecxe H3eMaJbCKe mrrypraje. IIo lbHMaje
3eMaJbCKa JIHTYprHja CaMO CJIHKa rrpOTOTHIIa - Hefiecxe JIH-
TYPrHje.t
9
IIPBH rr03HaTH npmrepa rrpaxasaaarsa nefiecxe
rnrryprnje norrrry H3XI sexa Hrroxaayjyztaje y TOM nepno-
.LlY mrrepecosarse aaCJIHKalbe JIHTYPrHJCKHX TeMa HapO'lHTO
nopacno. Ha TO yxasyje rr03HaTH JIHTYPrHjcKH CBHTaK H3Je-
pyCaJIHMa 109), na KojeMcy rrpaxasann aHgeJIH C
13
0 K)'II0JlaMa IWKBe CBeTHX arrocrona y COJIYHY cf. Ch. Stephan,
Ein byzantinisches Bildensemble. Die Mosaiken und Fresken der Apostel-
kirche zu Thessaloniki, Worms 1986,40-47, 101-107.
14 s.TOi-\HIi, Ctuapo Beorpan 1993, 73-74, 78; E. To-
,llllh, Fpauauuua. Cnuxapciueo,Eeorpa).\-IIpHIIITIma 1988, 83-84, 87-90,
93-94, 105, 108-109; E. :>KHBKOBHIi, Tpauanuua. Ilpiueocu rPpecaKa, Beo-
rpan 1989, 11.
15 I. Sinkevic, The ChurchofSt. Panteleimonat Nerezi. Architectu-
re, Programme. Patronage, Wiesbaden 2000, 40-43, Fig. XXI-XXVI,
XXIX; ):(. Ilaaah, f . Ea6HIi, E020poiJUlJa Jbeeutaxa, Ilpaurmaa-Beorpan
2007
3,49-50
; E. )J{HBKOBHIi, E020poiJUlJa Jbeeuuoca. LipiueocurPpecaKa,
Eeorpa).lI991,12-15.
16 M. Chatzidakis, Mistra. Die mittelalterliche Stadt und die Burg,
Athen 1987,59,102, CJl. 35.
17 Ilpeacraaa y nenrpannoj KYrrOJlH lIpKBe KOCMOCOTllpe y BHpHje
YHHWTeHa, cf. S. Sinos, Die Klosterkircheder Kosmosoteirain Bera (Vira),
Munchen 1985, 203 sqq.
18Cf. XHBKOBHIi, Pa6aHUlja, 8 sq.; EeJlOBHIi, Pa6aHUlja, 83sq.; B. J.
nypHIi, XU60UUC Ulluiiiyp2Uja, in: MaHaciiiup Pa6aHUlja.
CUOMeHUlja 0 Uleciiioj Ciii020iJUUlItJUljU, Eeorpa).ll981, 66-67.
19Jowje Teoi-\0p H3 MorrcyecTHje (392-428) o6jacHHo yJloryaHlje-
Jla y He6ecKoj JlHTyprujH, cf. Les home/ies catechetiques de Theodore de
Mopsueste. Reproductionphototypique du ms. MinganaSyr. 561 (SellyOak
Colleges' Library, Birmingham), ed. R. Tonneau, R. Devreesse, Citili del
Vaticano 1949, 497 et passim; f. Ea6HIi, Kpalbe6a ljpK6a y CiiiyiJeHUljU,
Eeorpa).l 1987, 68, Han. 60. XHjepapxHjy aHl)eJla o6jacHHo je IIceYi-\o-):(Ho-
HHcHje Apeorranrr, i-\OK cy lIapHrpai-\CKH rrarpHjapxfepMaHI (715-730) H
HHKOJla H3 AHi.\Hi-\e (cpe}.\HHa XI BeKa) pa3jaCHHJlH O}.\HOC He6ecKe H3e-
MlIJbCKe JlHTYPrHje, cf. PG 140, 440-442; R. Bornert, Les commentaires
byzantins de la Divine Liturgie du VIle auXVe siecle, Paris 1966, 172,205
sq.; Ea6HIi, Kpalbe6aljpK6a, 68.
Ka)J.HOHHlIaMa HCBeTHM naponaaa na nIaBH, xao HXpHCTOC
CBellITeHHK Meijy ffiHMa.2
0
IIo CBeMY cyzteha, TeKy speae
Ilaneonora OTTIoqeJIO ce CrrpHKa3HBaffieM Hefiecxe JIHTYPrH-
je y KynOJIaMa npxana, a npnn OqyBaHH npiorep HaJIa3H ce y
Kparseaoj U:pKBH y Cryzremma (1314).21 Haxo je xyrrona
yaex nocuarpaaa xao CHM60JIHqHa CJIHKa aefia, TeK on rana
y rsoj ncsarsy zta ce )f(HBOnHIIIy nefiecxa norahaaa. Ha OlJY-
BaHHM rrpHMepHMa MOJKe ce rrpHMeTHTH na cy TOKOM npexre-
aa Tenpencrase ofiorahasaae HOBHMnerarsaaa Hzta cy TaKO
.n:06HjaJIe HOBa saasersa. Ha HeKHMa ozt IbHX, a nocefiao na
OHHMa y 3a)J.y)f(6HHaMa xparsa MHJIYTHHa, npmrerna cy H
rrpenasaapemersa. lIHHH ce na je TeK on cpemme XIV sexa
H3anacae 'rprreseno-reo na ce CJIHKa XpHCTOC CBellITeHHK.22
Ilojasa Xpacra caenrreaaxa y PaBaHHU:H HapOqHTO 6H MO-
rna zta yxasyje na TO zta je XpHCTOC y OBOj yn03H6HO aacna-
KaH Hy Pecasn.
***
Ilpeacrasa Hefiecxe narypraje y u:eHTpaJIHOj xynona
.n:on)'H>eHaje, xao IIITOje nOMeHYTo, CJIHKaMa auhena H3Meijy
yCKHX rrposopa na TaM6ypHMa yraonnx KynOJIa (npr. 2-5).23
Hsaxose npe.n:cTaBepenaTHBHo cy ziofipo OqyBaHe Hnoxaayjy
.n:a cery HaJIa3e Pa3JIHlJHTH BH.n:OBH He6ecKHX CHJIa xoje, CJIa-
seha Dora, yaecrsyjy y mrrypraja. Ilopehersea <ppecaKa y
TaM6ypHMa yraomrx KynOJIa ca OHHMa y PaBaHHU:H .n:OJIa3H
ce no aasrsysxa ztaH3MeijyffiHXnocroja BeJIHKa CJIHlJHOCT H
ztaje Pasaaaua Hy TOM norneny 6HJIa Y30P npHJIHKOM OCJIH-
xasaaa Pecaae.
Y ceaepoacroxaoj HjyrOHCTOqHOj KynOJIH (U:PT. 2-3),
xoje ce Y3.n:HJKY H3Ha)J. nporesaca HijaKoHHKoHa, HaCJIHKaHll
cy HCKJbYllHBO xepYBHMHHceparpaxra. HortonffiHXcey jyro-
HCTOlJHOj KYnOJIH HaJIa3ejomTpHnpeztcrase MHOroOKHX 6H-
ha (uo/luaMaiUa). CBHOHH HaCJIHKaHH cy npesra onacy npo-
poxa Je3eKHJba: TO cy lJeTBOpOKpHJIa H IIIeCTOKpHJIa 6Hha,
. . .
acnon qHJHX ce norsnx KpHJIa BH.n:e nore KOJe HaJIHKYJY na
aore TeJIeTa ["M aore HM6Hjaxy npase, a y CTOnaJIy 6Hjaxy
HMnore xao y renera" (Je31,7)]; pyxe, xoje cenonarsajy HC-
non roprsax KpHJIa, HaJIHK cy aa rsyztcxe ["M PYKe HM6Hjaxy
lJOBjeqHje non KpHJIHMa Ha)J. xerapa crpaae" (Je3 1, 8)]. Oaa
YPYKaMa .n:p)f(e JIa6apYMe, on KOjHX ce naaac pasasnajy jour
casro.n:pIIIKe. HajBHIIIH.n:eJIOBH THX rrpencrasa cy, Ha)f(aJIOCT,
yHHllITeHH, TaKO .n:a aaje n03HaTO zta JIH cy OBe nHKOBe npa-
THJIH HaTTIHCH CXepY6UMcKOMXUMIl0M, sao llITOcy OHH ya
. .
npmcasey 3ana)J.HOMnapy KynOJIa, aKOJH .n:on)'H>YJY OBy CBe-
06yxBaTMY CJIHKy aahena.
3ana)J.He KYnOJIe Meijyc06HOcy CJIHlJHO xoauanapaae
HPa3JIHKYjy ce o.n: HCTOlJHHX (U:PT. 4-5). Ha lJeTHpH cTpaHe
06a TaM6ypa rrpHKa3aHa cy aHTpOnOMoP<PHa He6ecKa 6Hha.
lhHxoBe npe.n:cTaBe HaHCTOKy, 3ana)J.y, ceBepyHjyry HarJIa-
IIIaBajy lJeTHpH cTpaHe CBeTa H no.n:cenajy Ha OiUKpU6elVe
J06a1l06o: "M1l0TOMBu;:tiexlJeTupH auijeJIar}.lje cToje HalJe-
THpH yrJIa 3eMJl>e, H .n:pJKe qeTHpH BjeTpa 3eMaJbCKa, .n:a He
. "
.n:yrne BJeTap Ha 3eMJl>Y, Hll Ha Mope, HHTH Ha HKaKO .n:pBO
(OTK7, 1). lliMeijy THX apxaHijeJIa HaJIa3e cejOlli qeTupHxe-
pyBHMa Hcepa<pHMa. M3Ha)J. CBHX IbHXcTOje jOlli no .n:Ba npe-
rrneTeHa BaTpeHa Kona, Koja o.n:roBapajy OIlHCY npopOKaJe-
3eKHJba: ,,06JIHQjeM H HanpaBOM 6Hjaxy TOQKOBH" (Je3 1,
16); "M Ha OlJH 6Hjaxy CBa lJeTHpH TOqKa je.n:HaKa" (Je3 10,
10); " . . . H06JIHlJjeM HHanpaBOM 6Hjaxy Kao.n:a je je.n:aH TO-
lJaK y .n:pyrOM" (Je3 1, 16). CBHapxaHijeJIH IIpe.n:cTaBJl>eHH cy
y Pa3JIHlJHTOj o.n:enH. CaMOje oHaj HaHCTOlJHOj cTpaHIIjyro-
3ana.n:He KynOJIe o.n:eBeH y nyu u:apCKH opHaT. OpHaMeHTHca-
MY o.n:eny H JIOpOC Kao u:apcKH CHM60JI HMajy H apxaHijeJIH
rrpe.n:cTaBJl>eHll Ha3ana)J.Hoj cTpaHll TeKynOJIe, KaoHOHH Ha
Iiptueoc 3. Jyeouciuouua J<Yi10/lQ, illaM6yp: xepyeuuu
U cepatpuuu (upiae: E. }f(u6Koeuna)
cesepaoj Hjyzcnoj crpaaa TaM6ypa ceaeposanarmeKynOJIe,
.n:OK cy OCTaJIH oaeseaa y XHTOHe HXHMaTHOHe. CBHztpace y
pyxasra uapcxe HHCHrHHje - xyrny HCKHIITap. M3Ha)J. nefie-
CKHX 6Hhay o6e KynOJIe ncnacaa je Tpucazuon, KOjH cy ne-
BaJIH cepa<pHMH xana nxje npopox Hcanja BH.n:eo na nefiy, ys
Dora: c(Re)Tb c(Re)Tb c(Re)Tb r[ocnoA]b C4R40A "Wl\bH
H(e)GO " C/\ARb IEro ["CBeT, CBeT, CBeT je I'ocnon Ha)J.
sojcxaxa; nyaaje CBa 3eMJl>a CJIaBe rserone" (He 6, 3)]. Ta no-
XBaJIHa necsiay CJIaBy CBeTe Tpojaue yjeaao je Haajcrapaja
xpHIIInaHCKa XHMHa, xoja je xao HeH30CTaBHa yIIIJIa Hy JIH-
ryprajy. IIOMHIbece nocne Manor BXO,n;a, y MOJIHTBH Tpu-
ceeiue iiecue, a nOTOM je uapon Hnena, ,n;OKje CBeIIITeHHK H
ijaKoH THXO narosapajy, qHHel1H sajemro TpHnOKJIOHa npen
CBeTHM npeCTOJIOM. Hapon je rreaaHy oxnnpy Kaaoaa esxa-
pHCTHje, nOCJIe MOJIHTBe KOjOM rrosaa.e Y3HOllieIbe.
24
Y np-
creny OKO TeMeHa ceaeposarrarme KynOJIe acnacaa je H no-
20 A. Grabar, Unrouleau Iiturgiqueconstantinopolitainet ses pein-
tures, DOP 8 (1954) 174, 177-182, Fig. 10.
21 Ea6Hn,Kpaaeea lJPK6a, 66-69. 3a rrpencrane Heoecxe rnrrypra-
je YKYIIOJIaMa BH3aHTHjcKHx upxaaa cf. T. Crapozrytiuea, Ilpeoctuaea He-
6ecKe nuiuypeujey K)lUOJlu. Ilpunoe upoyuaeaiey,in: Tpehajyzocnoeeucxa
xontpepenuuja eusanmonoza, Beorpan-Kpymeaau 2002, 381-415; Ilana-
MacTopaKlic, 0 't'ov't'poVAOV, 135-165.
22 0 npencranaxa Xpacra CBeIIITeHHKa cf. nypHn, Pa6altU'lKU :J1CU-
60UUC u/luiiiypzuja, 53-67. TeMa XpHcTa Kao CBeUlTeHI1Ka rr03Hamje y BH-
3aHTHjcKoM CJIHKapcTBy Ben 0,1:\ XI BeKa. Ca'i)'BaHI1 IlpI1MepH YKa3yjy, Me-
I)YTHM, HaTO ,l:\aje XpHCTOC Kao CBeIIITeHHK, y rryHOj CBeIIITeHJf'IKoj O,l:\enl1,
HapO'lHTO pa,l:\o npHKa3HBaH TeK 0,1:\ XIV CTOJIena. IIpBH n03HaTH npl1MepH
jecy cueHeIIpli'lenrha anOCTOJIa y IlpKBaMa CBeTOr HHKHTe KO,l:\ CKOIIJba H
CBeTOr HHKOJIe 0P<PaHoca y COnyHy, cf. A. KCIiHrorryJIOC, O! 't'O!xorpa-
<pier; 't'ovAr{ov NumMxovOpcpavov eeCTCTaAOV{/C7Ir;, AT1iHa 1964, 15, CJI.
72-74; A. J..VrrypH):ly, H Ev't'o{x!a'rorpa<pllCll 't'ovAr{ov N!/CoAaov CT't'71
eeCTCTaAov{/C7I, COnyH 1978, 38-40; K. Kirchhainer, Die Bildausstattung
der Nikolauskirche in Thessaloniki. Untersuchungen zu Struktur und Pro-
gramm der Malerei, Weimar 2001, 176/Abb. 4, 183/Abb. 14; II. MnJhKO-
BHK-IIerreK,4e1loiiio Ita 30zpaqJUiiie MuxaUJlo u Eyiiiuxuj, CKorrje 1967, T.
CXII sq.
23
0 aHl)eJIHMa HIhJlXOBOj npe,l:\CTaBH y Bl13aHTHjCKOj YMeTHOCTH cf.
D. 1.Pallas, Himmelsmiichte, in: RbKIII, Stuttgart 1978,20-93; O. Wulff,
Cherubim, ThroneundSeraphim. Ikonographie der erstenEngelhierarchie
inder christlichenKunst I, Altenburg 1894,27-72; IIanaMaCTOpaKHC, 0 Dt-
't'ov't'pOVAOV, 113-134.
24 EO;)fCaltciii6eHe Jluiiiypzuje, rrpeB. apXJIM. JyCTHH IIonOBHll, Eeo-
rpa,ll 1978,34-35,56-77,94-95,112-113; K. Onasch, Liturgie und Kunst
der Ostkirche in Stichworter unter Beriicksichtigung der Alten Kirche,
Leipzig 1981,363. 135
lJpiUe:JIC 4. Jyeosauaoua xyuona, xanotua: OCMOKpaKa 3Be30a
CHeu03HaiUUM /IUKOM XpUciUOBUM; illa.M6yp: OZ1beHU iU01JKOBU,
1JeiUupu apxanhena U1JeiUupu xepyeuua, OOHOCHO cepadiuua
(lIpiUe:JIC E. )J(uBKoBUna)
xerax XHMHe y cnaay Boropozrane - "I4CTHUIWOIO XeplSlu-
HMb H CA4BH'kHWlSlO -Kojace neaay oxeapy Kaaoaa.eaxa-
pacraje, aa xpajy JIHT)'Pmje, ana Hy npyraa npHJIHKaMa.
Ilpezrcrase He6ecKHX 6Hha y TaM6ypHMa cnopenaax
xynona Pecase y CKJIa.n:y cy Crpa.n:Hl\HOHarrHHM BH3aHTHj-
CKHM nporpaaasra xynona, no KOjHMa ce DOry Haj6JIIDKa 6H-
ha - OHa xojaje OH rrpsa CTBOpHO HKojHMaje jenaao Moryhe
na nocnarpajy aefiecxy c<pepy - CJIHKajy y xynonaaa npxa-
Ba.
25
oneseaa amponosropdnra aHl)eJIH Haa pas-
JIHqHTe aaxaae rrpencrasrsena zrpyra 6Hha yxasyjy aa TO na
cy CJIHKapH Pecase )KeJIeJIH na ynoTIIYHeCJIHKY He6aHrrpezr-
CTaBe He6eCKH ztaop ca CBHM lberOBHM CTBOpeIbHMa. Xaje-
papxHjy He6ecKHX 6Hha, npexa Ilceyno-Ilaonacajy Apeo-
rrarmy, qHHH zreser penosa aahena, To je BpXaefiecxe BOj-
CKe, rapzta DO)KHja, soja qyaa Ilarrroxparopon 'rpon, ana H
nocpeztyje H3Mel)y aefiecxor H 3eMaJbCKOr CBeTa.
26
THM
npencraaasra y Pecasa cy npaxasana HBHl)elbanpopoxa, KO-
ja cy y nOCe6HHM rrpHJIHKaMa MornH na BH,n:e OBa 60)KaHCKa
6Hha. 0 asrnerry He6ecKHX CHJIa assenrraaajy Hac, HaHMe,
npopoua Hcanja, Je3eK.HJb H )J,aHHJIo. Hcaaja je BH,n:eO me-
cToKpHJIe cepa<pHMe (He 6, 2), Je3eK.HJb rrax ronopa 0 sarpe-
HHMKOJIHMa HTerpaMop<pHMa, 6HhHMa caqeTHpHJIHl\a,Koja
03HaqaBa KaoxepYBHMe (Je3 1,5-12; 10,20-22), ,n:OK )J,aHH-
JIO CBe,n:OqH 0 aHrponoMop<pHOM aHljerry Kora je BH,n:eo HHa-
3Bao HMeHOM raBpHJIO ()J,aH 8, 16; 9,21). Ta rpojHl\a rrpopo-
Ka Koja cy HMarra BHl}elba He6ecKHX CHJIa npHKa3aHa cy y
TaM6ypy l\eHrparrHe KYnoJIe y PecaBH.
TaM6yp tlelliilpa.lllle KYU0.lle
H3Mel)y npo30pa TaM6ypa l\eHrparrHe KyrrOJIe CHM6o-
JIHqHOMecTO,n:06HJIHcy ciilap03aBeiilllu UPOP0tlU (l\pr. 1, CJI.
1-20). OHH yje,n:Ho H 3aOKpy)Kyjy HKOHOrpa<pcKH rrporpaM
KyrrOJIa l\pKBe MaHaCTHpa PecaBe. Kao liTO je HanOMeHYTo,
Dora cy HanoqeTKYMorne BH,n:eTH CaMO He6ecKe CHJIe, Koje
136 je OH rrpBeCTBOpHO. HemTOKaCHHje BHl}elbe He6eCKor CBeTa
ouoryheaoje Hnpopoumra Ctuapoe saeeiua,0 qeMYHacOHH
ofianeurrasajy y CBOjHM CnHCHMa. 360r 'rora cy JIHKOBH rrpo-
poxa CJIHKaHH Y TaM6ypHMa xyrrona upxasa, qHMeje narna-
meaa IbHXOBa nocpeznrasxa ynora H3Mel)y He6a H 3eMJDe.
Taxo OHH CHM6oJIHqHO noaeayjy He6ecKH CBeT, npeztcra-
BJbeH y xanorn KYIIoJIe, ca 3eMaJbCKHM CBeTOM, HaCJIHKaHHM
y ,n:OIbHM 30HaMa upxae, Ty CHM60JIHKY aspaacaaajy H H3a-
6paHHuararn, yrJIaBHOM H3Cuiapoe saeeuia, ucrmcamr na
CBHl\HMa xoje 're .n;p)Ke y PYKaMa. Y TaM6ypy nen-
'rparme KYIIoJIe Pecase npaxaaarra cy npopoua - qeTBOpHl\a
BeJIHKHX Hzmanaecropana MarrHX - KOjH cy OCTaBHJIH rnrca-
na caenosancrna, Ilopen IbHX,TY ce nanase HrrpeztcraneCBe-
THX Hnaje HJenaceja, raxohe BeJIHKHX npopoxa, a HaCJIHKa-
HHcy jom H CaMYHJIo, 3axapHja, APOHH Mojcaje xao npe-
<pHrypal\Hje Xpacra, BeJIHKOr HBeqHTOr cBemTeHHKa,27
CBHnpopona npHKa3aHHcy yofiasajeao, xao nene <pH-
rype, onesene y aajsehea 6pojy y XHTOH H XHMarnOH. H3-
zrsajajy ce CBeTH Hnaja H JOBaH Ilperesa, KOjH, no
noce MeJIOTe, xao H CTapo3aBeTHH caenrrenana, ozreseaa y
o,n:e)K.Jl:e caor caenrreaasxor n03HBa; cTap03aBeTHH csenrre-
HHl\Hy pyxaxa .n;p)Ke HCHM60JIe KOjH cy sa IbHXxapaxrepa-
CTHqHH. Ca H3Y3eTKOMMojcHja, CBH noce cBHTKe; aa CBHl\H-
Ma cy nperesrao HCIIHCaHH TeKCTOBH IbHXOBHX npoposan-
CTaBa. )J,p)Kalbe Hnomen npopoxa yxasyjy na snaxaj HCTO-
xa, onaxne ,n:OJIa3H XpHCTOC xao CBeTJIOCT CBeTa H Cyane
npaB,n:e.
28
CBe HaCJIHKaHe pacnopeheae cy no ozt-
peheaoa cHCTeMY, npa qeMYcy cycenae (jmrype qeCTOnose-
saae l\HTaTHMa HJIH nojeaaaocrasra H36Horpa<pHja.
Y roprsoj 30HH, xaztace nohe o,n: HCTOKa, npsaje npezt-
CTaBJbeH npopox H.Iluja.
29
HaKOje HaTnHC ClberOBHM HMe-
HOM YHHmTeH, rrperrosaaje ce npexa yo6HqajeHoj HKOHorpa-
<pHjH. To je crapan C.n:yroM ce,n:OM KOCOM H6pa.n:OM. Ozrenea
je y xpahy xaJDHHY, npexo xoje je rrpeoaseaa n03HaTa qy,n:o-
TBOpHa BJIaCaHHl\a, CHM60JI lberOBe60)KaHCKe aanapeaocra
H )KHBOTa y rryCTHIbH (Zl.Iap 2, 1-15). Y nenoj pyna ,n:p)KH
OTBOpeH CBHTaK, ,n:OK ,n:eCHHl\OMyxasyje aa Ibera. Ha CBHTKY
je HCnHCaH l\HTaTH3Ilpee KHJU2e uapeeuua KOjH ronopa 0
nenosaa.y TOr rrpopoxa: peBHlSe nOpeBHOB4Xb no r(ocnoA)H
BbUAPb (IUap 19, 10). Taj l\HTaTHCIIHCaHje, OCHM y Map-
TOpaHH, CaMO jom y cpncxaa upxsaaa - y Boropo-
,n:HqHHOj u:pKBH y IIehH, y Jlecaosy HHOBOj IlaBJIHl\H.3
0
Ha
25 IToTparopajy Ha3HjaHCKOM, JOBaHy XPH30CTOMY HJOBaHy ,[(a-
MacKHHY, Bor je npso CTBOpHO aahene HHe6eCKe CHJIe, cf. PG 36, 519-520;
PG 47,427 sq.; PG 52, 491 sqq.; PG 53, 187 sq.; Die Schriften des Johan-
nes von Damaskos, II: Expositiofidei, ed. B. Kotter, Berlin 1973, 48; ITOIIO-
BHh,)JoZMaiUuKa Ilpaeocnaene IJpK6e, 224 sq., 227 sqq.
26 PG 3, 177-180; Pseudo-Dionysius Areopagita. Uber die him-
mlische Hierarchie. Uber die kirchliche Hierarchie, ed. G. Heil, Stuttgart
1986,28 sqq.
27 3a upresse rrpOpOKa H3 PeCaBe v. :>KImKOBHh, MaHaCUja, L Cf. H
C. ToMHh, P. HHKOJIHh, MaHacuja. HciUopuja - ;J1CU6oUUC, Eeorp3,l\ 1964,
74 sqq., CJI. 5; E. TO,llHh, MaHaciUup Peca6a, lieorpll,ll1995, 53, 55, CJI. 28;
ITaIIaMaCTOpaKHC, 0 wv 't"povltov, 35, 182-224.
28 Jorn je rrpOpOK MarraxHja 03Ha'IHO MecHjy KaO CyHI\e rrpaB,IIe
(Man 3, 20), IIITO cy rrpey3eJIH MHorn lIPKBeHH IIHCI\H, cf. 11. MHpKOBHh,
XeopiUoflozuja U/lU uciUOpujCKU pa36UiUaK U 602ocny:JICeR>e Upa3HUKa
IIpa6oClla6He uciUol/lle IJpK6e, Eeorp3,l\ 1961, 85-86.
29 0 rrpopoKY RJrnjH HlberoBoj,IIeJIaTHOCTH cf. Lexikonfir Theolo-
gie und Kirche (= LTbK) III, Freiburg 1959, 806 sqq.; P. B. ITOIIOBHh,
HciUopujcKe Klbuze CiUap023a6eiUa, lieorpll,ll 1985,49 sqq.; Bibliotheca
Sanctorum IV, Roma 1964,1022 sqq.
30 3a HaBe,IIeHe rrpHMepe cf. Th. IToIIoBHh, cPuzype upopoKay KJ!Uo-
flU E020POiJUije OiJuzuiUpuje y IIenu: uiJeHiUurjJUKalJuja u iUyMa'leR>e iUeK-
ciUo6a, irr:ApxueuucKoii/(aHU/IO II u lbe2060 iJo6a, MeljYHapo,IIHH HayqHH
cKYII IIOBO,IIOM 650 ro,llHHa 0,11 cMPTH, ,lleueM6ap 1987, Eeorpll,ll1991, 457;
Lj. Popovic, Hitherto UnidentifiedProphetsfrom Nova Pavlica, 30rpa4> 19
(1988) 41; ra6eJIHh,MaHaciUup JIeCHa60, 57-58; IlarraMaCTOpaKHC, 0 01-
't"ov 't"povltov, 198.
rserosy rrojasy y Pecasa Mornaje )'THI.(aTH Pasaanna, y KOjOj
Hrraja ,n:pX<H CBI1TaK ca HCTHM llHTaTOM y PYKaMa.3
1
CaMmr-
TaTHHjeysrsysen y mrryprajy. Barsa, nanoueny-
TH,n:a ceHeKHnpyra CTHXOBH zreseraaecre rnase Ilpee toeuee
o uapeeuua xarajy xao napaaaja aa Ilpeofipaxea,e (LLlap
19,3-9, 11-16).3
2
Haseneaa ziecera CTHX qJ1Ta ce HIIaK20.
jyna, aa ,n:aH cnaae npopoxa Hnaje H lberOBOr nasnecea,a.
TYMaqH cexao nperparypanajaXpacrosor aasnecersa, aCaM
Hnaja xao nperesa ,[(pyror ,IJ;OrraCKa XpHcToBor.3
3
Ilopea CBeTOr Hnaje, y npaauy xperaisa xasarsxe na
qaCOBHHKy, CTOjH npopox Jenucej - [np(o)poK(b)] EI\HUH
- rseros ysemnc, nparnnan Hnacnenmrx, 'IHja cenenanrocr
ztaryje y ,D;pyry nonoanny IXsexa crape epe.3
4
liJIHja HJenn-
cej ce 360r 're nOBe3aHOCTH [Hnnjaje on cersaxaJermceja aa-
qHHHO npopoxa (Hlap 19, 19 sqq.)] qeCTO npnxasyjy jeztaa
nopen npyror. IIpHMepH sa TO aanase ce seh y npxna aexa-
nannser MaHaCTHpa .ll:a.pHH y ATHHH, YKanena IIarraTHHH y
Ilanepsry, y npxsa Ilaaarnje ApaKHOTHce y Jlarynepa (KH-
nap) Hy upxsa CBeTOr 'hopha (EnHCKonH) y ofinacra MaHH
na Ilenonoaesy. KaCHOBH3aHTHjcKH npmrepa cy CBeTH
raxcajapca y Mapxonyny (ATHKa), Ilanarnja OJIHMIIHOTHca
y Enacoay, CBeTH arrocrorra y COJIYHY, CBeTH Hnxona "THC
creme" y KaKOneTpHjH na Knnpy, CBeTH JOBaH Kaneo y
OXPHIJ:Y, CBeTH HHKHTa y Barsanasra KO,n: CKOnJba, Kparsesa
upxsa y Cryzteamra, CTapO HarOpJ1qHHO, XHJIaH/l:ap, I'pasa-
HHlla, Jlecaoao HMapKOB MaHacTHp.3
6
Y PaBaHHllH cy ,n:BO-
jaua npopoxa aacnnxaaajeaaa acnozt zrpyror HTaKO cy sep-
THKarrHO nOBe3aHa.3
7
Hxoaorpadiaja npopoxa Jenaceja y Pe-
caaa je y06H'IajeHa H onrosapa lberOBOM OIIHCy ,n:aTOM y
Ilpyeoj KfbU3U 0 uapeeuua (2, 23) . OHrrH'IHna anocrona IIa-
ana. Ilpencraarsea je xao cpenonesan 'IOBeK, CKpaTKOM KO-
COM, BHCOKHM 'IerrOM H 6pa.n:OM. Y zrecnoj pyua ,D;pX<H CBH-
TaK, a neaosr yxasyje na n.era. Ha CBHTKy je ncmrcan mrrar
H3Ilpyze toeuee 0 uapeeuua - 0 liJIHjHHOMysnacxy na He60
KOjH je Jenncej nOCMaTPao: W(Tb)'1E W(Tb)'1E KOI\ECNH4"
Ic(P"H)AES" H KONH IEP(O) (2Uap 2, 12).3
8
IIo nasnecersy
liJIHjHHOM nocrao je Jenacej rseros nacnertanx. 3HaK sa TO
6Hrraje 'Iy,n:OTBopHa nnacaaana xojyje aacnenao. IIoMeHyTH
mrrar H3Ilpyze xmuee 0 uapeeuua 'Il1'Ta ce y npaaocnaaaoj
npxnn xao zmanaecra nepaxona na ztanBorojaan.ersa (6. ja-
Hyapa),39 jep je CBeTH JOBaH Ilperesa no CBOjOj ,n:erraTHOCTH
HOBH Hnaja, To cy cnaxapn Pecase HarrraCHJIH HTHMe IIITO
cy Ilperesy rrpencrasana nopen npopoxa Hnaje, 0 'IeMy he
xacnaje 6l1'rH BHIIIe pesn. MCTH narar Jenncej ,n:pX<H y pyu:H
Haa npezrcrasaaa y HOBOj Ilaanana HKaneaahy.w
Crre,n:eoo y HH3Y, HajyX<Hoj CTPaHH TaM6ypa,jecTe Be-
rrHKH npopOK Je3eKU/b - np(o)poK(b) - KOjH
je ,n:errOBao y BaBHJIOHCKOM poncTBy KpajeMVI BeKa n. H. e.
(crr. 1).41 Y PeCaBH ce MoX<e BH):(eTH THnJ1qHa npe,n:CTaBa TOr
npopOKa, C,n:yrOM BaJIOBHTOM KOCOM H 6pa.n:oM. Terro MY je
oKpeH)'To y,n:ecHO, a rrraBaHaJIeBO, KaHCTOKy, ,n:OK MY je no-
rrre,n: yCMepeH KaHe6y.42 Y3,n:HrHyrOM ,n:eCHHllOM, Kojaje YBH-
jeHa y XHMaTHOH, 6rrarocHJba, ,n:OK y CrryIIITeHOj rreBoj pyu:H
,n:pX<H CBHTaK CTeKCTOM CBornpopO'laHCTBa: BblCTb N" MNE
rocnoANIl\ (Je3 37, 1). THMCTHXOBHMa HarOBeIIITeH je
MecHjaHcKH rrpenopo,n: jeBpejcKor Hapo,n:a nocrre naTIbH y er-
3HJIY (OTK20, 4). OBaBH3Hja BaCKpcelba H06HOBe jeBpejcKor
Hapo,n:a je Kao CHM60rr OIIIIITer BaCKpcelba qOBeqaH-
CTBa, Koje he ce 36HTH CHJIOM H,n:ejCTBoM CBeMoryher DOCile
,[(pyror ,n:orraCKa XpHCTOBOr. 360r Tora ce oBaj Ql1'TaT 0 nOJbY
CKocrypHMa'IHTaKaonpBanapHMHja HajYTPelbyBerrHKe cy-
6OTe, a no JepyCatlUMCKOM iUuuuKY Hy OKBHpy KBa.n:pareCHMe
KaH):(H,n:aTa 3aKpIIITelbe.
43
MCTH llHTaTHcnHcaHje HaJe3eKH-
JbeBOM CBM'TKY y TOKarrH KHJIHCe (repeMe, Karra.n:oKHja), KaoH
Ilpiueoc 5. Ceeeposaaaoua syiiona, ilpcillell OKO anotue:
Xepyeuucxa xuuua y cnaey E020pOoUl/e; illaM6yp: oznsenu
illO'lKOBU, 'leUtupu apxauhena U'leillupu xepyeuua, 001l0C1l0
cepatpuua (uptueo: E. )J{UBKoBuha)
Yu:pKBH Boropoztane Ilepanneirre y OXPHIJ:Y, Y XHJIaH):(apy,
Kparsesoj lqJKBH y Cry,n:eHHQH, y Jlecaosy H Ilaaaraja Fy-
6epHHOTHCH (IIOTaMHec) aa Kpl1ry.44
31 Cf. :>KHBKoBHIi, Paeauuua, 11; EeJIoBHIi, Paeauuua, 86.
32 A. Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichenLektionender griechischenKir-
che, Berlin 1915,51.
33 J. D. Stefanescu, L'illustrationdes liturgies dans I 'art de Byzance
etde I 'Orient, Bruxelles 1936, 152.
34 3a rronarxe 0 Jenncejy: LThKIII, 821 sq.; TIonoBHIi, llciiiopujcKe
toeuee Cmapoe Saeetua, 52; Bibliotheca SanctorumIV, 1125 sqq.
35 TIanaMaCTOpaKHC, 0 OUXI<:O(JJ1.D; rov rpovAov, 176.
36 A. and J. A. Stylianou, The Painted ChurchesofCyprus, London
1985,68; E. C. Constantinides, The WallPaintings ofthe Panagia Olympi-
otissa at Elasson in Northern Thessaly, Athens 1992, V102, IV24-27; A.
Kcaaronynoc, H Vf"y/qnooYr11 O!CXI<:OOJ1.1]C1U; rov vcxov rCiW ArfCilv Ano-
m6ACilVeEmJ"CXAov{I<:1/;, COJIYH 1953,37 sq., err. 3/2, 4/1; Lj. Popovich,
Compositionaland Theological Concepts in Four Prophet Cycles in Chur-
ches Selectedfrom the Period ofKing Milutin (1282-1321), Cyrillometho-
dianum 8-9 (1984-1985) 209 sqq.; Ea6HIi, Kpanseea IIpKBa, 72 sq.; ra6e-
JIHIi, Mauacaiup Jlecuoeo, 57-58, err, 4; Ilanauacropaxnc, 0 ouxxo(JJ1.0;
rou -rpOVAOV, 8 sq., 17, 24, 28-32, 176.
37 :lKHBKOBHh, Paeauuua, 11.
38 Knsuea uouaJ(anWla H3 1674. rO):\HHe npenop)"lyje CJIHKapHMa
):\a Taj I.\HTaT HcnHcyjy y3 JeJlHcejeBy npe):\CTaBy, cf. M. MeJUiIi, Ciiiapu
C/lUKapCKU upup)l'lnulJu II, Eeorpa.ll2002, 354-355.
39 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichenLektionen, 33.
40 TIanaMacTOpaKHC, 0 OUXXorrJ1.0; fOV rpovAov, 34, 36, 201; Do
:lKHBKOBHh, Ila6.llulJa.l..(piUe;)fCU<ppecaKa, Eeorpa.ll1993, 11;,[{. CHMHIi-Jla-
3ap, Katlenufl . C./luKapciiio u uciiiopuja, KparyjeBlll.\ 2000, 102, Cll. 7; E.
)l(HBKoBHIi, Katlenufl. l..(piUe;)fCU rPpecaKa, Eeorpa):\ 1982, V4.
41 0 Je3eKliJbY HlberoBoM ):\eny: LThKIII, 1327 sq.; TIpOTocHHljeJI
,[{oMeHTHjaH, HeKlJuje U3 Ceiii02 UUCMa. Ilpop0'lKeKlbuze Ciiiap023aeiiia,
Iieorpa.ll, s. a., 115sqq.; Bibliotheca SanctorumY, Roma 1964, 405 sqq.
42 TIPOPOK Je3eKliJb YBeKje npe):\CTaBJDaH Kao CTaplll.\ C):lyrOM KO-
COM. )..\plKalbe lberoBor TeJIa Melba ce naK0):\ npe):\CTaBe ):\0 npe):\CTaBe. Je-
3eKliJbY 113 PecaBeBeoMajeCJIJf'laH npHKa3 TOr npopOKa y AH):lpeamy, aJIH
je OH TaMO HacJIHKaH C):lpyrHM TeCTOM HaCBHTKy, cf. J. Prolovic, Die Kir-
chedes HeiligenAndreas ander Treska. Geschichte.Architektur undMale-
rei einer palaiologenzeitlichen Stiftung des serbischen Prinzen Andreas,
Wien 1997,85 sq.
43 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichenLektionen, 40, 62, 65; ,[{oMeHTH-
jaH, HeKlJuje U3 Ceiii02 uUCMa, 131.
44 A.-M. Gravgaard, Inscriptions of Old Testament Prophecies in
Byzantine Churches, Copenhagen 1979, 40; TIanaMaCTOpaKHC, a OUXI<:O-
(JJ1.o; rov rpovAov, 5,21,28,31,212; Ea6HIi, KpatbeBa IIpKBa, 72; ra6e-
JIHIi, ManaciiiupHecnoo, 58. 137
Ilpiueoc 6a. Ileniupanna xyuona, 30Ha UaHOaHillurjJa, uciuouna UjY:JICHa cuipaua: MaHOUIIUOH, jeeauhenucuia J06aH ca Ilpoxopou,
Pyxa Fociioateaca cUM6011UMaje6aH!jellucilla,je6aH!jellucilla MapKO c MY30M (uptueoc H. )J(U6KOBUna)
Ilopen Je3eKH.Jl>a npaxasaa je aa jyzcaoj CTpaHH TaM-
6ypa HrrpopoKA6aK}'M - np(O)pOK(b) 4RRAKtsMb (CJI. 2).11
lberoBa .n:eJIaTHOCT seayje ce.n:eJIHMlfIIHOsaBaBHJIOHCKO pon-
CTBO, sa y no-rerax VII sexa n, H. e.
45
Hserosa npencrasa y
PeCaBH Henpenasa OKBHpe ofipasana KOjH ce MOryBH.n:eTH y
upxsaaa BH3aHTHjcKor xpyra, To je MJIa.n:Hh CKpaTKoM CMe-
KOCOM Hjensa BH.rt:JbHBOM 6pa.n:OM. )J;ecHHuy je yanarao
xa YBY, ocnymxyjyha mac CHe6a, mTO je HCKa3aHO H TeK-
CTOM na CBHTKy KOjH .n:p)KH Ycrrynrrenoj JIeBHUH: docnoA)H
tsCl\HW4Xb Cl\tsx [THOH H... ](AB 3, 2). ABaKYMje aa CJIHqaH
HaqHH HaCJIHKaH, aa npasiep, y Kparsesoj .QPKBH YCryzteaa-
UH, y Aaapeanry H PaBaHHUH.46 BpJIO qeCTO je y xynonaaa
upxasa nopen ABaKyMa npHKa3HBaH npopox )J;aHHJIO, no-
mTOje lbeMY, npeaa npeztarsy, noxje 6HO 3aTOqeH y nehaaa
C JIaBOBHMa, ABaKyM .n:OHOCHO XPaHY.
47
Y KyrrOJIH Pecase
CJIHKapje rrpezrcrasao )J;aHHJIa aa cesepaoj CTpaHH, nacrrpau
ABaKYMa, H TaKO npOCTopHO H3pa3HO IbHXOBy nOBe3aHOCT.
ABaKYMOBO .n:eJIO HeKOpHCTH ce y narypraja, aJIH ce CTHXO-
BHTpeneH.n:eJIHMHqHO zrpyre rnane lberOBeK1bHre nrrax no-
jasrsyjy y xersproj neCMH jyraprser KaHOHa. UHTaTKOjH ce
HaJIa3H y ABaKYMOBHM pyxasra y Pecasa ymao je y cacras
HpMoca.
48
To je rroserax TeKCTa y xojex ce npopoxyjy .n:OJIa-
3aKCrraCHTe.J1JeB HlberOBanofieaa aan cssphy. Pesje, naxne,
o rnacy KOjHM je aaroaenrreao OTeJIOTBOpelbe I'ocnona,e H
lberOBO sacxpcerse xao nperrycnos cnaceisa, 3aTOje Beny IV
sexy Tparopaje H3Ha3HjaH3a yBpCTHO ABaKYMOBe CTHXOBe
y CBOjyIlpyey yCKpLUH>y 6eceoy, a TO je HMaJIO oztjexaHy zte-
rry JOBaHa )J;aMacKHHa (t rrpe 745).49 360r 'rora ce nOCJIe
HKOHOKJIa3Ma ABaKYM rroxeo CJIaBHTH xao npopox cnacersa.
BH3aHTHjCKH CJIHKapH npHKa3HBaJIH cy ra BpJIO qeCTO CTHM
TeKcToM, a TaKBH npasrepa HaJIa3e ce Hy PaBaHH.QH HKane-
HHhy.50 Taj CTHX H oaaj KOjH CJIe.n:H (3, 3) rOTOBO cy jezmaa
UHTaTH mTO npare JIHK rrpopoxa ABaKYMa y BH3aHTHjcKoj
YMeTHOCTH.51 Epuuuuja Iluonucuja U3 (/Jyplle (1724-1732)
nperropysyje na cenpyra CTHX Tpenernane ABaKYMOBe KIbH-
re ncname aa ABaKYMOBOM CBHTKY xana ce OH npasasyje y
peny CrrpopoUHMa,52 .n:OK 'rpeha CTHX TOrnornaarsa rpeoa zra
npara CJIHKY Pohersa XpHcToBor.
53
KH>U2a uoua Ilauuna H3
1674. rozraae npenopyxyje npyra CTHX rpehe rnase xao rrpo-
nparrra TeKCT aa cneny Pacneha XpHcToBor.
54
IIope.n: ABaKyMa rrpe.n:CTaB.J1JeH je y PeCaBH lberOBca-
BpeMeHHK HBeJIHKH rrpopoKJepeMuja - np(o)poK(b) lepe-
MH4- KojHje, no cBeMY cy.n:enH, rrpe)KHBeO rrporoHe
y BpeMe HaByxo.n:oHocopa (CJI. 3).55 )J;yrOKOCH npopOKC6pa-
.n:OM nO.rt:Hrao je .n:ecHY PYKY 6JIarocH.J1JajyliH Ka He6y, .n:OK y
JIeBoj .n:p)KH CBHTaK C TeKCTOM CBor npOpOqaHCTBa: doc-
nOA)H CK4mH MH H (Jep 11, 18). JepeMHja y CBO-
jHM rrpOpOqmM rOBopHMa, Kao rrponOBe.n:HHK nOKajalba H
138 rrpOpOK KOjH onOMHlbe, H306JIHqaBa Jy.n:eje H IbHXOBe
3aTO nrro cy 3a60paBHJIH npanor Bora, oaor KOjH HMje MHore
MHJIOCTH yqHHHO, rra cy noxena na 060)KaBajy MOJIe HTHMe
nOra3HJIH 3aBeT aa Caaajy. Y THM fieceztava 3ay3H-
Maoce aapepopae KYJITa Haaxresao "OqHmlielbe zryma", Ha
Taj HaqHH onrrpo ce CyrrpOTCTaBHO Hsnaaapcxoj rrOJIHTH.QH H
jaBHOM MHill.J1JeIbY, na je H3a3Bao .J1JyrH>y nojenaaax .n:py-
nrraenax xpyrosa, a nocefiao anacra H caenrrenaxa. Pa3Ha
rrporaisarsa, aafipaae nporronenarsa, xarmreaa H nperrse
csrphy HIIaKra HHCy ynnamana H nOKoJIe6aJIH y HaMepH zta
H3HOCH csoje MHill.J1Jelbe.
56
Kacaaje ce sapeoopae noperxa H
YKH.z:t:aH>e ueHTpaJIH3a.QHje KYJITa sanarao H XPHCTOC, na cy
MHom Cnacarersa nOHcToBeliHBaJIH Cnpopoxou JepeMHjoM
(MT 16, 14). 11XpHcTOBa .n:eJIaTHOCT Huponosena xoje cy 6H-
JIe orracne no CHCTeM H3a3HBaJIe cy cpufiy yrpO)KeHHX soha
Jyzteja,KOjH cy rarrporOHHJIHHaajsaz;ocyzmna na CMPT. TaKO
naje cnysajao TO nrro ce nOMeHYTH UHTaT H3jenaaaecre rna-
BeKH>U2e UpOpOKa Jepeuuje (11, 18), ca CTHXOBHMa KOjH CJIe-
zte, qHTa, npeaa Ilapuepaocxou iUuuuK}', KaO rrapHMHja npaor
xaca aa BeJIHKH seraprax, arrpeMaJepycailUMCKoM iUuuuK}' H
aa BeJIHKH rreTaK.
57
If CJIHKapH cy KOPHCTHJIH re mrrare KaKO
6Haa ce6HcBojCTBeH HaqHH H3Pa3HJIH Be3Y Jepesraje
45 0 npopoxy ABlIK)'MY IIOCTOjH MllJIO nonarasa, cf. Bibliotheca
Sanctorum I, ROIna 1962, 2 sqq.; LThK IV, Freibrug 1960, 1295 sq.; ,D;o-
MeHTHjlUi, Jlexuuje U3 C6ewOZ UUCMa, 229 sqq.
46 Cf. lia6Hh, Kpanseea I/pK6a, 72, CJI. 21, :>KJmKOBHh, Pa6aHUI/G,
11; Prolovic.Dre Kirche des HeiligenAndreas, 87, Fig. 18, Abb. 6. 0 rrpo-
pOKY ABaKyMy Hiseroaoj HKOHorpaqJHjH cf. Ch. Walter, The Iconography
ofthe Prophet Habakkuk, REB 47 (1989) 258 sqq.
47 C T. Eckhardt,Engel undPropheten, Recklinghausen 1959,14.
48 ,D;OMCHTHjlUi, Jlexuuje U3 C6ewOZ UUCMa, 233-234.
49 Cf. G. Millet, La dalmatique du Vatican. Les elus images et
croyances, Paris 1945,51; lia6Hh, Kpaneea I/pK6a, 73. 0 rrpoposancray
A!laKYMOBOM cf. C. C. Torrey, TheLives ofthe Prophets. Greek Text and
Translation, Philadelphia 1946,28 sq., 43 sq.
50 Cf. :>KHBKoBHll, Paeauuua, 11; lieJIOBHh, Paeauuua, 86 sq.; CH-
MHh-Jla3ap, Kaneuuh, 101.
51 Cf. Gravgaard, Inscriptions, 46; Ilanaaacropaaac, 0
1'OV 1'pOVAOV, 233. Cf. H Menah, Ctuapu cnuxapcxu UpupJl'lHUI/U II,
314-315; L1wvvcn'ov 1'OV t:KtPOVpVa. EpJlT/Vda 1'71C; 'wrparpuC11C; 1'exv71C;,
ed. A. Papadopoulos-Kerameus, Saint Petersbourg 1909, 79; M. Me):lHli,
Cuiapu CflUKapCKU UPUPY'lHUI/U III, lieorpa,l:l2005, 244-245.
52 Dionysios, 'EPJl71vda, 78; Meztah,Cuaipu CflUKapcKU Upupy'lHU-
I/U III, 242-243.
53 Dionysios, 'EpJl71ve{a, 78-79; Me,l:lHh, Cwapu CflUKapCKU upu-
PY'lHUI/UIII, 242-245.
54 Me,l:lHh, CiUapu CflUKapcKU UPUPY'lHUI/U 11, 314-315.
55 LThKV, Freiburg 1960, 893 sqq.; ,D;oMeH'I'HjlUi, JIeKt/uje U3 C6e-
WOZ UUCMa, 108; Bibliotheca Sanctorum VI, Roma 1965, 204 sqq.
56 0 rrpopoKY JepeMHjH HlheroBoM ,l:IeJIY cf. LThK, V, Freiburg
1960, 893 sqq.; ,D;oMeH'I'HjlUi, JIeKt/uje U3 C6ewOZUUCMa, 69-106, IIoce6Ho
69-71,77; Bibliotheca Sanctorum VI, ROIna 1965,204 sqq.
57 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichen Lektionen, 39, 55, 64; ,D;oMeHTH-
jlUi, JIeKt/uje U3 C6ewoZ uUCMa, 77.
l(pilie:JIC 66. Ileniupansa xyuona, soua uanoaniliurjJa, saaaoua u ceeeptta ciupaua: Kepauuou, jeeauhesuciua HYKa c My30M,
Pyxa Tocuootea ca CUM6o/lUMajeeauhenuciiia, jeeanhenuciiia Mailiej c My30M (lipilie:JIC B. )J{u6Koeuna)
HXpHCTa. TaKO Epuuuuja/{uoHucuja U3([>ypne rrpenopyqyje
zreseraaecra CTHXH3jenaaaecre rnaae Jepeaajaae KlbHre KaO
nponparna TeKCT sa npeztcraay IIyr aa rOJIHrry.58 Hem CTHX
xao y PeCaBH (Jep 11, 18) HCIIHcaHje na JepeMHjHHoM CBHTKY
y HOBOj IIaBJIHU;H HJl>y60CTHlhH.59
Ha aananaoj CTpaHH TaM6ypa pecascxe KynOJIe npa-
xasaaje MJIa,n:HrrpopoK3axapuja - np(o)poK(b)
(CJI. 4).60 Taj npopox, nperrrocnernsa on zmanaecropane
MaJIHX npopoxa, HaCJIHKaH je 'raxohe yofiaxajeao, y xapax-
TepHCTHqHoj n03H, ca KpaTKoM KOBpuaBoM KOCOM H 6e3
6pa.ne. Y cnynrreaoj JIeBHUH ,n:P)KH CBHTaK, ,n:OK ,n:eCHOM py-
KOM noxasyje aa lbera.
61
Ha CBHTKy je naparppaaapaa TeKCT
H3 rseroae KIbHre KOjH ce O,n:HOCH na n03HaTY BH3Hjy Bora
nrro ,n:OJIaJH janryha na Marapu;y - RHASX(b) r(ocnoA)4
diAU",T4 N4 WOI\4 ... (3ax 9,9). OBepena cxsarajy ce xao
npOpOqaHCTBO 0 XpHCTOBOM ynacxy y JepyCaJIHM, 360r qe-
ra cy HX HMaJIH Y BH.D:Y H jeBaHljeJIHCTH npHJIHKOM onaca
Xpacrosor ynacxa y JepyCaJIHM (MT 21, 5; JH 12, 15). Taj
U;HTaT H3nena 3axapHjHHor qHTace 3aTO aa noaexepjy npen
rrpaanmc IJ;BeTH.62 IIpH TOM ce narnanrana na je yJIaCKOM
XpHCTOBHM y JepyCaJIHM acnys.eao rrpOpOqaHCTBO 3axa-
pHjHHO H.lJ:aBH,n:OBo.63 IIOMeHyrH U;HTaT seoua je qeCTO HC-
nHCHBaH aa CBHTKy 3axapHjHHoM, a nojaarsyje ce, aa npa-
Mep, y KapaHJIHK KHJIHCe (I'epesre, Kanaztoxaja), y Mapro-
pamr, KaneJIHIIaJIaTHHH y Ilanepsry, y D;pKBH Boropozrane
IIepHBJIenTe y OXPH.D:Y, Y MaHacmpy Baroneny na CBeTOj
ropa, UpKBHqacHor KpCTa y IIeJIeH):(pHjy (Kanap), y MapKO-
BOM MaHaCTHpy HAanpeanry.e- K1bU2a iioiia Ilauuna HEp-
uuuujaIluouucuja U3(]JypHenpenopyqyjyra CJIHKapHMa KaO
npareha TeKCT ya cneny XpHCTOBor yJIaCKa y JepyCaJIHM.65
Y aarrazmosr ,n:eJIYTaM6ypaPecaseHaCJIHKaHj eHMaJIH
npopoKJoHa - np(o)pOK(b) 'iWN4 (CJI. 5).66 IIpHKaJaHje KaO
CTapHjH cen qOBeK, C KpaTKOM KOCOM H xpahou OKpyrJIOM
6pa,n:OM.67 Y necaoj pyu;H.n:p)KH CBHTaK ca D;HTaTOM - pSlI(S)
r(ocnOA)b Kb Mwli HAH Rb NINSRI rp4A (JOH 1, 1-2); re pesa
noztcehajy na rseroso qy,n:OTBOpHO crracerse H3 Mopay xoje je
6HO 6aqeH(JOH 1, 4 - 2, 11),68 aJIH cy HCTOBpeMeHo Hnpopo-
qaHCTBO 0 cnacersy rsyncsor pona nocpencrsou Cnacarerse-
BHM. IIOIIITOTaj D;HTaT YKa3yje HHa XpHCTOB CHJIaJaK Y a,n:, a
THMe HHaBacKpcelbeXpHCTOBO, qma ce, no
illuiiuKy, aJIH Hno JepyCarlUMCKOM, HanOBeqepjyrrpe.n: BeJIH-
Ky cy6ory. JepYCarlUMCKU illuiiuK lberoBo qHTalbe H
3aBpeMe 6,n:eHHja EorojaB.lJ>elba HYCKpca.
69
IIPBH CTHX
H3rrpBor norJIaB.lJ>a JOHHHe KlbHre HCIIHCaHje Ha CBHTKY npo-
pOKOBOMy Kare.n:paJIH y qe<paJIYY, YD;pKBH IIaHarnje IIapHrO-
pHTHce y ApTH, y rpaqaHHD;H, D;pKBH y IIem
Hy D;pKBH IIaHarnje OJIHMIIHOTHCe y EJIacoHY, ,n:OK ce .n:pym
CTHX HCTe rnase Hallamaa JOHHHOMCBHTKY YIlaaaraja XpH-
ceneyca y Mecry C1pOBOJIOC na KHrrpy.7
0
Y3 cnezreher rrpopoxa H3 HH3a npezrcraaa y uearpan-
HOM TaM6ypy Pecase aaje ce casysao HaTIIHC caHMeHOM (CJI.
6). Hrrax, lberoBa HKoHorpa<l>Hja (cpezroaesan qOBeK C.n:yrOM
KOCOM HKpaTKOM 6pa.nOM), KaO HU;HTaT HCIIHCaH aa CBHTKY,
jacao yxaayje aa TO naje pea 0 npopoxyJouny.t) Heros U;HTaT
- WTb A(lS)X4 MOlErO N4 RiU (JJI 2,28) - rosopa 0
MecHjaHcKoM BpeMeHY H H3JIHBalbY 6JIaro,n:aTHHX ztaposa na
aapon Hapaarsa, a TYMaqH ceHxao rrpoposancrao 0 CHJIacKY
CBeTOr .lJ:yxa aa arrOCTOJIe. 360r TOra ce raj OMOMaK, ca CTH-
XOBHMa KOjH MY nperxozie HKOjH cnene, qma xao napasraja
na rrpasnnx IIe,n:eCeTHHD;e.
72
K1bU2a uoua Ilanuna HEpMUHU-
58 Dionysios, 'Bpunveia; 79; Menah, CtuapuCJlUKilPCICU iipupyunu-
uu III, 248-249.
59 Ilanaaacropaxac, 0 1:0V 1:POVA.OV, 34-35,209;:>IUm-
KOBHIi, IIQ8/Iul/a, 11; C. 1'>ypHli, Ibytioctuuna. I.(pK8a YciielbaBoeopoou-
IJUHOit, Beorpan 1985, 76 (ry je, rpeIIIKoM, CTIlX 11 H3 18. rrraae 03HllQeH
KaO 11, 12).
60
0 rrpOPOKY H IberoBoM,!\eJIY cf. LThK X, Freiburg 1965, 1299
sqq.; ,[(oMeIITHjaR, Jlexuuje U3 Ceeuioe uucua, 247 sqq.
61 CJlH'IHa 3axapHjHHa rrpeztcrana HaJIlI3H cey Aanpeanry H, aepo-
BaTHO, y I.\PKBH Boroponaue Jl>eBHIlIKe y IIpH3peHY (HaTIDlC ca HMeHOM
HHjeosysaa), cf. Prolovic, Die Kirche des Heiligen Andreas, 85, Fig. 18;
:>KHBKoBHIi, Boeopoouua Jbeeuuixa, 11. Y I.\PKBH Boroponane Ilaxaxapa-
CTOC y Ilaparpany 'reno 3axapHjHHo npaxasaao je aero KaO y PeclIBH, lUIH
je ,!Ip)Kalbe rnaae zrpyrasaje, cfH. Belting, C. Mango, D. Mouriki, TheMo-
saics andFrescoes ofSt. Mary Pammakaristos- Fethiye Camii - at Istan-
bul, Washington 1978, en, 40.
62 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichenLektionen, 38.
63 Cf. MllpKOBHIi, Xeopiuonoeuja, 139.
64 Gravgaard, Inscriptions., 89 sq.; Ilanaaacropaxac, 0
1:0V 1:POVA.DV, 5,23,33,239; Prolovic, Die Kirche des HeiligenAndreas, 85.
65 Me,!\HIi, Ctaapu CJlUKapCICU iipupyunuuuII, 310-311; Dionysios,
'EpJ.L1/ve{a, 80; Menah, CiiiapuCJlUKapCICU upupyuuuuu III, 248-249.
66 0 rrpOPOKY JOHH HIbeTOBOM ,!\eJIY cf. ,[(OMeIITHjaR, Jlexuuje U3
CeeuioeiiUCMa, 196-197; LThK V, liB sqq.; Bibliotheca SanctorumVI,
492 sqq.
67 JOHll je aa CJlH'IaR Ha'lHH rrpeztcranrsea y HOBOj IIlIBJIHl(H, v.
:>KHBKOBHh, Ilaenuua, 10. JOHHHa asonorpatpaja CJlH'IHaje, IIHaQe, JeJIHce-
jesoj. ,[(plKaILe IberoBor rena Melbace IIaK O,!\ npencrane no rrpencrase, ITa
aaje MepIDIO sa npenoaaaaarse TOrnpopoxa,
68 Y PYKOIIHCHMa je Qecro rrpe,!\CTliBJDaHO CrracliBllILC JOHHHO H3
Mopa, cf. S. Dufrenne, L'illustration des psautiers grecs du moyen age I.
Pantocrator 61, Paris. grec. 20, British Museum 40731, Paris 1966,36,66,
PI. 32, 60.
69 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichenLektionen, 40, 61, 65.
70 Cf. Gravgaard, Inscriptions, 69; IIarraMaCTOpaKHc, 0
1:0V 1:POVA.OV, 6, 9, 23, 29-30, 227; A. K. OpJIllH,llOC, H IIap1/ropJ]ncrcra
1:1/(; }\P1:T/(;, ATliMa 1963, 121, cn. 7; Constantinides, The Wall Paintings,
1/101,11122-23; To,llH1l., rpaIJaHUija, 81.
71 0 rrpOpOKy JOHJIYHlbCroBOM,!\eJIYV.LThKV, 982 sq.;,[(oMelITH-
jaR, JIeKijuje U3 C8eiiiOit iiUCMll, 173 sq.; Bibliotheca SanctorumVI, 486.
72 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichenLektionen, 66. 139
CII. 1. Ilpopo Jesesum CII. 2. Ilpopox A6aK}'M CII. 3. Ilpopo Jepeuuja
ja Iluonucuja U3 (/Jypne npenopysyjy re pesa xao npareha
TeKCT sa c:QeHY CIDIacKaCBeTOr ,[{yxa na arrOCTOJIe.
73
CTapHnpopox Manaxuja - M"A"X'" -
.uyrOKOC H 6pllJlaT, npencraarsea je, y3 npopoxa ,[{aHIDIa, y
ceaepnoss nerry TaM6ypa (CJI. 7).74 Y nesoj pY:QH .up)KH CBH-
TaK, )]:OK )]:ecHoM finarocarsa. Ha CBHTKy je rrapadipasapaa
TeKCTlberoBornpopOqaHCTBa- RHmAKdoenoA)" RSAHK"ro
npsRHwsro (MaJI 1, 5) -yKojeMce ronopa o Jby6aBHDO)KH-
joj npexa H3a6paHOM HapOJl:Y. Taj YB0.aHH TeKCT H3KlbHre
MaJIaxHjHHe Hexopacra ce y JIHTyprHjH HHHjeqeCTO acna-
CHBaH Y3 rrpencrase oaor npopoxa. Hanasa ce JOIII casto y
:QpKBH CBeTHX arrOCTOJIa y ConyHY.7
5
Ilpopox Ilauuno JIaKO ce MO)Ke rrpenosaara (CJI. 8)
HaKO je HaTrrHC nopen rseroaor JIHKa YHHIIITeH (HTeMe npo-
pOKOBe rnase, xao Hopeon, .aeJIHMlfqHOje OIIITeneHo). To je
MJIllJlM 6e3 6pllJle, CKpaTKoM KOBPUaBOM KOCOM HYxapax-
TepHCTJrqHoj nepcajcxoj HOIIIIbH, xoja nonceha aa naae Ibe-
ronor rranepcajcxosr ,n;BOpy.7
6
Y pyxasra .up)KH,
aa pa3JIHKY on OCTaJIHX npopoxa, orsopeay KlbHrY; OHa YKa-
syje na TO na je ,[{aHIDIO, rro jeapejcxox KaHOHY, xaraorpadi
qHje ce .aeJIO He KOpHCTH KaO POTYnyc npIDIHKOM 6orocny-
)Kelba, BenCTOjH HapOJl:Y aa yCJIy3H xao Ko)]:eKc.7
7
Ha ,[{aHH-
JIOBOj KlbH3H Y Pecasa HCIIHCaHe cy noserae pesa lberOBOr
onaca Dora aa npecTOJIHMa - RHASX" AOHAS ms npt (e-re-
AH) (,naH7,9) - KOjH cy JOIII y jeapejcxosi rrpezraa.yryMaqe-
HHxao TPOH BeJIHKOr cyaaje, a y Hoeou saeeiuy (MT 19, 28;
JIK22, 30; OTK3, 21)joIIIjacHHje- KaoTPOH BeJIHKOrcy,n;H-
je Xpacra Hnpencxasaa,e 0 rseroaosr .upyrOM,n;OJIacKY. 3aTo
Kteuea uoua Ilauuaa H3 1674. romme H na ce raj
TeKCT acnacyje Y3npencrasy ,npyror ,u:OJIaCKa XpHcTOBor.7
8
Ilpessa IlpeoujepycanuucsauPYKOUUCY, nperropyseaoje na
ce Tepesa ncnacyjy Y3,[{aHIDIOB JIHK, aCJIHKapH cy HXqeCTO
KOpHCTHJIH.79 TaKO HXHaJIa3HMO Y3,[{aHHJIOBe rrpeacrase y
:QpKBH Boropozraue O,n;HrHTPHje y Ileha, y Jlecaosy, Mapxo-
BOM MaHaCTHpy, xanapcxoj UpKBH qacHor xpcra y IIeJIeH-
zrpajy HY:QPKBH Kyprea zte y PyMyHHjH.80
rJIaBa rrpopoKa HaCJIHKaHOr y ceBepoHCTOqHOM )]:eny
TaM6ypa, Kao H HaTIIHC ClberOBRM RMeHOM, HerroBpaTHo je
YHHIIITeHa. TeKcTHaCBHTKY KOjH OH .up)KH, YKa3yje
HaTO ,n;ajepeq 0 rrpopoKY Hcauju,81 IIITO HMeCTO
IIITO ra Ta JIlfqHOCT 3aY3HMa y HH3Y, rrOIIITO ce I1caHjaHajqe-
rnlie rrpHKa3yje y HCTOqHOM,n;eny KY"0JIe. OCHMTOra, H,u:p)Ka-
Ibe rrpopoKa- Y3,n;HrH)'Ta ,n;eCHHQa Koja 6JIarocHJba - KapaK-
je 3aHCaHjHHe rrpe,n;CTaBe.
82
IIpHKa3aHje rrope,n;
140 rrpopOKa 3aTO IIITO cy o6ojH:Qa HMa.JIa BH3Hjy :DoraHa
rrpeCTOJIHMa Onaopaan :QHTaT H3 nerra Hcaajanor npencra-
srsa noserax OIIHca lberOBe BH3Hje: RHAtX"
etAs..... " H" nptCTOAt RH ... (He 6,1).83 TYMaqH ce KaO npa-
npesra aa BeJIHKH nan Tocnomsa, TO jeer aa Ilocnemsa cyn
(OTK 4, 2). 360r 'rora ce OH ynorpefirsaea y JIHTYPrnjH y qe-
TBpTaK npyre aenerse BeJIHKOr nocra, a rro Jepycanuucxou
iiiuuuKY H2. cPe6pyapa (Cpererse I'ocnoznse), aJIH H6. jYJIa.
84
OCRM y Pecasa, raj :QHTaT HaJIa3H ce na CBHTKY HcaHjHHoM H
y :QPKBH Ilanaraja KpHHana Xaocy Hy KaneHHliy.85
Ilocnemsa JIlfqHOCT y HH3Y Yropa.ea pezryjecre Joeau
Ilpetueua, HaCJIHKaH Hcaaje HMJIHje, IIITOHMaCHM-
60JIlfqHO saasea,e. JOBaH Ilperesaje y Pecasa, IIITOje y06H-
qajeHo xana ce OH CJIHKa y KY"0JIH, rrpaxasan na HCTaKH)'TOM
73 Menah, Cuiapu CJlU/<apCKU iiPUP)"lHU"IU II, 318-319; Dionysios,
'Bpunvela, 79; Merrah, CfiiapuCJlUKapCKU iipupyusuuu III, 250-251.
74 0 npopoxy Manaxaja HlheroBoMzteny: LThKVI, Freiburg 1961,
1321 sq.; ):{oMeHTHjaH, Jlexuuje U3 Ceeiuoe uucua, 257-264; Bibliotheca
Sanctorum VIII, Roma 1967, 570.
75 Ilarraaacropaxac, 0 OUx,/cOGj.wr; 1'OV 1'pov.Ilov, 8, 241; KcHHrO-
rryJIOC, H 'I'T/fPtOClJr11 ota/C6Gj.tT/Gtr;, 37, CJI. 3/1.
76 ):{aHHJIO je nocneo y nepcajcxo poncrao rroIIITO je HaBYXOLlOHO-
cop OCBOjHO JepyCaJIHM605. roztmre crape epe. Y6p30je, Me!jyrHM, .lIOCTIl-
rao BHCOKyrJICLl aa nepcajcxosr nsopy HrrpHBHJICroBaHy rr03HIJ;Hjy KOLl BH-
me nepcajcsax nnaaapa. 0 oneha npopoxa ):{aHHJIa cf. K.. Wessel, Daniel,
in: RbKI, 114. 0 npopoxy HlberoBoM lKHBOT)' cf. Bibliotheca Sanctorum
IV, 448 sq.; LThKIII, 150 sqq.; ):{OMeIITHjaH, Jlexuuje U3 Ceeuioe iiUCMa,
137sqq.; A. Pa3YMOBCKHH, e6RmOU npopoxIlauun U ezo xuuea, C.-IIerep-
6ypr 1891; H. ):{aDHL{oBHh-PaL{OBaHOBHh, cPpecKa 6U3Uje iipopotca Ilanuna
y f/PK6U C6.AiiocfiioJUl y Ilehxoj iiaiUpujapwuju, Starine Kosova i Metohije
2-3 (1963) 199-120; Wessel, Daniel, 113-120 (0 ):{aHHJIOBOj npencraaa y
BH3alITHjcKoj YMeTHOCTH).
77Cf. LThKIII, 150; Prolovic,Die Kirche des HeiligenAndreas, 87.
78 Meztah, Ciuapu CJlUKapCKU iipupyunuuu11,350-351.
79 Ibid., 170-171; Gravgaard,Inscriptions, 25.
80 Ilanaaacropaxac, 0 &tXKOGj.tDr; 1'OV 1'pov.Ilov, 24, 30-32, 37,
216; ra6eJIHh, Mauaciuup JIecH060, 58.
81 0 lKHBOTy HztenyHcaHjHHOMcf. LThKV, 779-782; ):{OMCHTHjaH,
Jlexuuje U3 Ceetuoe iiUCMa, 16-69; Bibliotheca Sanctorum VII, Roma
1966,927 sqq.
82 YTaKBOM CTaDYHcaajaje rrpeztcranrsen, aa rrpHMep, y KpaJDeBOj
I\PKBH YCryLlCHHI\H, YI\PKBH CBCTOr HHKHTe y EaalUIHMa KOLl CKOIlJba, y
rpa'IaHHIJ;H, y YcrrCHcKoj I\PKBH HaBOJIOTOBOM rrOJbY Hy AHLlpcarny, cf.
Ea6HIi, Kpatbe6a '1pK6a, 38 (CJI. II), 72 (CJI. 17); Popovich, Four Prophet
Cycles, 312, Fig. 10; )J{HBKOBHh, TpafJaHU"IQ, VI; II. If. JlH4>IIIHI4 MOHy-
MellmaJlbHaJI :JICU60nUCb H06zopooa XIV-XV 6eK06, MOCKBa 1987, 496;
Pr010vic, Die Kirche des Heiligen Andreas, 84 sq.
83 HCTH l\HTaT HaJIa3H CC Ha CBHTKY HCaujHHOM y KaJIeHHhy (cf.
CHMHIi-JIaJap, Kanellun, 101).
84 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichen Lektionen, 36, 58, 67 sq.
85 IIarraMaCTopaKllC, 0 O!tX/COGj.tor; 1'OV 1'pov.Ilov, 19, 36, 204; )J{Jm-
KOBHIi,KaneHun,U3;CHMHIi-JIaJap,KaneHun,101,cJI.3,6.
C/!. 4. Ilpopox 3axapuja (unaou) C/!. 5. Ilpopo Jona C/!. 6. Ilpopox JOWl
Mecry, na HCTOqHOj CTpaHH TaM6ypa, TaKO));a aarsapa Kpyr
ropaer pena npopoxa. Iberosa rnasa, KaO 1'1 HCaHjHHa, 1'1
HaTIIHC ca HMeHOM aenoaparno cy yHHIIITeHH. Hrrax,rrpeno-
saaje ceno ranaaaoj axoaorpaoaja: CTOjH y KOHTpaIIOCry, a
na ce6H HMa aCKeTcKY ozrehy, xoja ra rrpafimosaaa CBeTOM
Hnaja, Ilpesra CBe));OqeILy jenaahenacre JIyKe, JOBaR je no-
THl\aO 1'13 caenrreaanxe noponnne (JIK 1, 5) 1'1 JlUlBeo je xao
acxera y rryCTHILH, ));aJIeKO 0)); aacerseaax o6JIacTH (JIK 1,
80). TaMOje, npesrarrpoponarrcray HCaHjHHOM, nporroaeziao
xpnrrea,e 1'1 xajarse xao npanpesry sa ));OJIaJaK Cnacarerses.
CXO,lJ;HO TOMe, JOBaH Ilperesa ce 0)); paaoxparuhaacxor ne-
paoztanpencraarsa y xarsaaa 0)); KaMH.Jbe nnaxe, npexo xoje
je rrpefiasea orpras. TaKO cenpaxasyje y KpIIITeILYXpHCTO-
BOM, aJIH 1'1 xana ce CJIHKa KaO H3));BojeHa qmrypa, rronyr OHe
y KyrrOJIH PecaBe.
86
,ll;ecRYPYKY rrortarao je 6rrarocH.JbajyliH,
));OK y rresoj ));p)I(H zryraxax KpCT 1'1 O));MOTaHH CBHTaK CTeK-
CTOM: en lU'NbLl,b n{o}m"iH rp-kXbl (JH 1,29); Te
pexa JOBaR je, npesra CBe));OqaHCTBY jesaahenacre JOBaRa,
aaroaopno xaztaje XpHCTOC ));OrraJHO K lbeMYna xpnrrerse,
360r rora CJIHKapCKe epMHHHje rrpenopyqyjy zra ce raj TeKCT
HCIIHcyjeys cneny Kpnrrersa XpHcToBor.
87
HCTH CTHX yrpa-
sapaaje aa OKOB pyxe CBeTOr JOBaHa KOjH ce xyaa y Tonxa-
na capajy y Heranfiyny. Osaj l\HTaT 6rrHcKo je nOBe3aH ca
HcaHjHHHM onHCOM TpnelliHBocTH CKOjOM je cnyra IimKHjH
nO));HOCHO MYKe 1'1 CTpa)J;aILa (He 53, 7). 360r Tora je, rrpesta
JepyCaflUMCKOM iilUUUlO', raj l\HTaT1'13 HCaHjHHe KILHre KO-
pHIIIneHy npesreqeTp));eCeTHHl\e aa xaraxyveae KOjH cy ce
KpIIITaBaJIH npen YCKpC (TpHHaeCTa nexnaja aa xaraxysre-
He).88 JOBaH Kpcrrrrers je y xynonaxra BH3alITIljcKHX upxana
aajsemhe rrpHKa3HBaH CTHM l\HTaTOM y pyxaaa. IIpHMepH
ce HaJIaJe y l\PKBH CBeTOr C030HTa y Tepasnjy (Ilenono-
He3),l\pKBHqacHor KpCTa y xanapcsoja Mecry IIeJIeH));pHjy,
y Jlecaosy 1'1 AH)J;peaIIIy.89
CBeTH JOBaH Kpcrarers aaje cnysajao y KynOJIH npa-
KaJaH ya craposaaerae npopoxe, 1'1 TO 6am ys Hcaajy 1'1 Hna-
jy. Hcanja je, nopen 'rora IIITOje HMaoBH3Hjy Bora 1'1 6Hna
xoja ra oxpyzsyjy, rrpopoxosao, nonyr Manaxaje, ));OJIaJaK
JOBaHoB Kao rrpeTeqe XpHCTa (Hc 40, 3; MaJI 3, 1; MT 3,3;
MK 1,2-3; JIK 3,4).90360r TOrace IIpereqa CJIaBH Kao rrpo-
pOK 1'1 maCHHK KOjH je HarOBeCTHO ));OJIaJaK CnacHTellieB, a
THMe je 03HaqeH 1'1 Kao HOBH HrrHja. IIpeTXo));HJilqKa yJIora
CBeTOr JOBaHa y O,lJ;Hocy Ha XpHcTa HamameHaje Ha BHIIIe
MeCTa y jeBaHlje.JbHMa (MT 3, 1-6; MK 1,2-8; JIK 3,3-18).
JeBpejcKH HCTOpJilqap JOCH<p <l>rraBHje (37 - OKO 95) rOBopH
o IIpeTeqH KaO 0 IIJIeMeHHTOMqOBeKy KojHje, n03HBajyliHHa
npaseznrocr 1'1 n06mKHocT, 60)J;pHO napozt y rseroeoj Te)KILH
xa caBpIIIeHoM. Y KpIIITeIbY <l>JIaBHje BH)J;H PHTYaJI aa OqJil-
nrherse TeJIa, a Hesa oxajarse rpexosa, jep je )J;yIIIa, no ILeMY,
npaaezmaa )l(HBOTOM BenrrpeTXO,lJ;HO osamheaa tAntiquitatis
Judaicae, 18, 117-118).91 Xpamhaaa Y CBeTOM JOBaHY Kp-
CTHTelliY BH)J;e npoposa KOjH ce nojaaao npen ));OJIaJaK )J;yXOB-
HO ofiaapeaor Mecnje. TaKO je OH y jeaaahersaaa rrpeztcra-
B.JbeH xao npOnOBe)J;HHK noxajarsa 1'1 npopox ca ecxaTOJIO-
IIIKHM1'1 MecHjaRCKHMOqeKHBaILHMa (MT 3, 7-12; JlK3, 7-9).
Ilpesrajeaaahemrcrava MapKY(1, 7) 1'1 JIYKH(3, 16), Ilperesa
je HaroBeCTHOjase 1'1 )J;yXOBHO xpnrrerse, TO jeer OrILeHO. Kp-
IIITeILasoja je JOBaR ofiaarsao RY));e TaKO noxajaae KaO npen-
yCJIOB saonponrraj rpexa (MK 1, 4-5). 360r csera rora Ilpere-
qJilje6HJIO ocarypaao MeCTO nopen npopoxay BeliHHHxynona
npsasa BH3aHTHjcKor xpyra, a npa TOM je BpJIO qeCTO npaxa-
3HBaH nopen npopoxa Hcaaje, KOjH ra je HarOBeCTHO (TaKaB
npaaep HaJIaJH ce 1'1 y l\PKBH CBeTOr Aanpeje aa TpecKH),92
xao 1'1 nopen rrpopoxa Hnnje, CKOjHM ce nopezm.
Y ));OILeM pezty y TaM6ypy xynone pecaacxe npxse
npaxasaao je jom ));BaHaeCT CTap03aBeTHHX JIJilqHOCTH. Y3
HCTOqHH npoaop, y rrpaany xperarsa xasarsxe aa qaCoBHHKY,
HaCJIHKaHje npopox Cotponuja - np{o}poK{b}
));eBeTH Meijy MaJIHM npoponaaa (en. 9).93 Ta npencrasa aa-
JIaJH ce TaqHO HCnO)); <pHrype CBeTOr Hnaje. CTapHnpopox C
86 TaKBlInpencraaa Ilperesaaa 3aCHHBlI ce HaOITHcy lberOBor lKH-
BOTa y nycrarsa (MT 3, 1-4; MK1, 4-6). Jenna 0)); npBHXHaJIa3H ce na no-
3HaTOj HKOHH ca Caaaja H3 VI sexa, a xoja ce sysa y pyCKOM McropHjCKOM
MY3ejy, v. O. Wulff; M. Alpatoff Denkmiiler der Ikonenmalerei in kunst-
geschichtlicherFolge, Berlin-Moskau 1925,22,258, Abb. 8; O. Wulff, Bi-
bliographisch-kritischerNachtragzu AltchristlicheundbyzantinischeKunst,
Potsdam 1936, 311, Abb. 289; A. Bi Banx, BusaumuiicxoeUCKYCCTfl80 8 co-
6paHURX C08emcKOZO Cotosa, JIeHHHrPa));-MocKBlI 1966, en, 111-112; K.
Weitzmann, Die Ikone. 6. bis 14. Jahrhundert, Miinchen 1978, 52, or. 7. 0
JOBaHY KPCTHTeJhY HlberoBHM rrpeztcraaassa cf. LThKV, 1084 sqq.; E. D.
Sdrakas, Johannesder TduferinderKunst des christlichenOstens,Mimchen
1943, 27-28; Prolovic, Die Kirche des HeiligenAndreas, 84.
87 Cf. Dionysios, 'Bpunveia; 88; Meztah, Ctuapu C.flUKapCKU iipu-
pyuuuuu III, 262-263.
88 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichen Lektionen der griechischen Kir-
che,62.
89 IIanaMacTOpaKHC, 0 OUXICOGJlCX; 1'OV 1'po6J..ov, 10, 24, 31, 33,
243; ra6enHh, MaHaCiiiupJIecHo8o, 59; Prolovic, Die Kirche des Heiligen
Andreas, 84.
90 C )J;OMeHTHjaH,JIeKlluje U3 C8eiiioz uUCMa, 7, 46.
91 FlaviusJosephus. JildischeAltertiimer,ed. H. Clementz, Wiesba-
den 2004, 886.
92 C ProloviC, Die Kirche des HeiligenAndreas, 84 sq., Fig. 18.
93 0 npopoKY CO<lJOHHjH H lberoBoM));eny cf. LThK IX, Freiburg
1964, 887; )J;oMeHTHjaH, JIeKtjuje U3 C8eiiiOZ UUCMa, 235-240. 141
CA. 7. Ilpopox MaJUlXUja CA. 8. Ilpopox Ilanuno CA. 9. Ilpopox Cotponuja
ce,n;OM KOCOM HpeJIaTHBHO KpaTKoM KOBPUaBoM 6pa-
,n;OM npaxasaa je y rrpo<PHJIY. ,[{OK y neaoj pyna ,n;pJKH npa-
60p aarracarse, ,n;eCHOM acnacyje rro,n;YJKH CBHTaK KOjH BHCH
oxasea H3Ha.n; Ibera. OH name TeKCT caor rrpoposaacraa -
T"KO rA(,,)do)AIE docnOAh. nOTpbnHTE MEHI. A(b)Hb HI.
UI ... (Codi 3, 8) - xoje ceryMaqH xao BH3Hja cnacersa. 360r
MecHjaHcKe nopyxe raj I\HTaT ce, ca CTIlXOBHMa KOjH cnene
(8-15), qHTaKaO rrapasraja aa aeseprsy BeJIHKe cy6OTe.
94
y
OBHM CTHXOBHMa Corponaja roaopn 0 cy.n:y (BaBHJIOHCKO
porrcrso) KOjH rpetia zta rrpenopozta aapozt, nacnara ra H
yqHHHHOBHMH60JDHMHero IIITOje 6HO, aTO he ce,n;orO,ll;HTH
xaztace Tocnon aahe ycpen aapona KOjH he na crraceon 3JIa.
CTap03aBeTHH ztorahaja xoje je rrpopoa npencxasao 6HJIH cy
THrr HJIH 3aJIOra ztorahajaIIITOcy HMaJIH ztaaacryne y HOBOM
sasery. 3aTO xpmnhaaa y TOMrrpopoaarrcray BH,n;e npedrary-
panajy Crpamaor cyna H norahaja KOjH cy HaCTYIIHJIH rro-
nrro je XpHCTOC pazta cnacersa JDy,n;H crpanao H y 'rerry ce
sparao y CJIaBy.95 360r TOracerrOMeHYTH I\HTaTH3C0<P0HH-
jaaor npoposrancraa (3, 8) rrperropysyje CJIHKapHMa xao
npareha reKCT Y3cI\eHYBacxpcersa XpHCToBor.
96
HCTH I\H-
TaTncnacanje ua CO<pOHHjHHOM CBHTKY HYI\pKBHIlaaarnje
Ilaparoparace y Apra, 3arnMy Ilaaaraja XpHCeJIeycHy KH-
napcxosr Mecry CTpOBOJIOC, y Boroponana Ilepnanerrm y
Oxpany, Y I'pasaaarra, Xanaaaapy H,[{eqaHHMa.
97
HKOHO-
rpadicxa nocsrarpano, CO<pOHHjH H3 Pecase CJIHqaH je rrpo-
pOK JOHJI YKaJIeHHny, a aa HCTH HaqHH Coooaaja je HaCJIH-
KaH Hy TIoraHoBy.98
Ilopea Codroaaje, a O,n;Max acnon Jenaceja, CTOjH A6-
ouja - np(o)poK(b) "HAYE - xeraprn MaJIHM rrpopo-
I\HMa(CJI. 10).99 Ilpaxaaaa je xao cpenosesaa qOBeK Cxpar-
KOM KOCOM HOKpyrJIOM 6pa,n;OM. ,[{eCHOMpyKOM finarocarsa,
a y nesoj ,n;pJKH CBHTaK. AB,n;HjHHO ,n;eJIO, xoje 6pojH CaMO
zrsanecerjeaaa CTHX, xpamhaacxa TeOJI03H TYMaqe KaO rrpa-
CJIHKy nofiene xpamhaacse I\pKBeHa,n; naraacxaa CBeTOM. H
nopen 'rora, aajeztaa on AB,n;HjHHHX CTHXOBa HHjeynrao y ca-
CTaB rnrrypraje. MOJK,n;aje 3aTO Aazraja rrpaxasan y Pecasa C
pesmra: KTO G(Or)b HEAHKb IAKO G(Or)b H"Wb [lIc 76 (77)
13], rrOBe3aHHM CreKCTOM H3J(pyze K1bUZe Mojcuje6e (15,
11). lIo TYMaqelbY ATaHacHjaAJIeKCaH.D:PHjcKor, Taj rrCaJIaM
ACa4>OB rroyqaBaTOMe ,n;a Tpe6arrpHTHI\arnje,n;HHO Eory Hy
lbeMY TpaiKHTH YTexy, jep, rro HaBe,n;eHOM CTHXy, Eor CBe
rrpeBacxo,n;H Hje,n;HHo OH TBOpH qy,n;eca KaKBa cy lbeMYyro,n;-
Ha.
IOO
lIoMeHYTH rrCaJIaM jecre TaK03BaHH BeJIHKH rrpoKH-
MeH, KOjH ceqHTaHaBeqeplbYHeKHX BeJIHKHX rrpaJHHKa, Kao
142 illTOcy He,n;eJDa rracxe, TOMHHa He,n;eJDa, lIe,n;eceTHHI\a HPo-
XpHCTOBO.IOI Taj I\HTaT ncnacan je aa CBHTKy jezraor
BeOMa OIIITeheHOr H crora nerroaaaror npopoxa y KaJIeHH-
hy.102 He 6H ce CMeJIa HCrryCTHTH H3BH,n;a HHMoryhHoCTna
je Hy KaJIeHHllY pes 0 npopoxy AB,n;HjH.
Cnezrehay HH3Y, HajYJKHOMzterryTaM6ypay PeCaBH, a
ncnon Je3eKH.JbeBe <pHrype, rrpeztcraanea je npopox Azej -
np(o)poK(b) "ITEH - zrecera MaJIHM rrpcpottajra (CJI.
11).1
03
lIpHKaJaH je KaO rrpohenas crapau BHCOKor xeaa, C
cezrosr KOCOM na 3aTHJbKYH6pa,n;OM cpezuse,n;yJKHHe.
HH Arejeso ,n;eJIO HeKOpHCTH ce y JIHTyprHjH, rra je MOJK,n;a
360r 'rora aa CBHTKy y a.erosoj JIeBHI\H HCrrHCaH TeKCT APY-
ror ayropa - I\HTaT H3 Maxejesor npoposaacrsa: H TI.l
AOME HH"IHM mE MbHWYH IE( (MHX 5, 2). Ona-
6paHH reKCT O,n;HOCH ce na BHTJIejeM KaO MeCTO poheaa Hrro-
MaJalba,[{aBH):\OBOr, aJIM: M: xao MeCTO poheaaMecHjHHOr. 360r
'rora raj :QHTaT H3 MaJIaxHjHHe KIbHI"e rrapappaaapajy ajenaa-
(MT 2, 6; JH7, 42), nosozreha ra y Be3Y C
XPHCTOBJIM, KaO H CTpOjHI\OM CBeTHX xparsesa, lIo Jepyca-
AUMCKOM iliUUU1<y, rroMeHYTH I\HTaT qlfTa ce aa seseprsy Y0qlf
EorojaBJDelba.l
04
Kteuea uoua Ilanuna rrperropyqyje ra CJIHKa-
pHMa xao npareha reKCT Y3 cI\eHY Poheaa XpHCTOBor,l05
Ilopen npopoxa Areja, a ncnon HaCJIHKaH je
HajYJKHoj crpann raatiypajomHrrpopoKHayM - np(o)poK(b)
H"tsMb - ce.n;MH MaJIHM npopouaaa (CJI. 12).106 Ilpezr-
94 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichen Lektionen, 40, 65.
95 ):{OMeHTHjaH, Jlexuuje U3 Ceeiuoe uucua, 239-240.
96 Dionysios, 'Epunveia, 82; Menah, Cfiiapu C/lUKapCKU iipu-
pyrlHUijU III, 250-251.
97 Cf. Gravgaard, Inscriptions, 87; Ilanaxacropasac, 0 &&1(0-
ouo; 't"ov 't"poVA.OV, 5-6, 22, 29,31,236; 0PJIaH,llOC, H IIapT/'YWI)'Uuua,
122, CJI. 9; Tonah, Tpauauuua, 81; M. MapKOBHh, Ilpozpau cueouuca y
xyuonu, in: 3UOHO cnuxapcmeo uanactuupa Ileuaua. Fpaha U cfiiyouje,
Beorpaa 1995, 103.
98 :lKHBKOBHIi, Kaneuuh, U3; CHMHh-1Ia3ap, Kanenuh, 101; E.
)I(HBKoBHIi, Iloeauoeo.Liptueocu rjJpecaKa,Beorpan 1986, 12.
990 AB,WljH Hrseroaow ):IeJIY: LThKI, Freiburg 1957, 11; ):{oMeH-
THjaH, Jlexuuje U3 Ceetuoe uucua, 196-201.
100 CBeTH OTllI\ apXHeIIHCKOII aJIeKCaH):IpHjcKH, Tyua-
'Ie/be iicaflaMa, in: CBeTH ATaHllcuje BeJIHKH, CBeTH BeJIHKH,
EIla20C/lOBU. oyulOMaja, rociiooa, EeorpM 2003, 193-194.
101 Cf. Hrrp. Be.IlUKU fiiuiiuK (ycwae ijpKeeHu), red. B. HHKOJIajeBJUl,
Eeorpa):ll9844, 86, 198,201,212.
102 :lKHBKOBHh, Ka.fleHUn,1/3; CHMHh-1Ia3ap, KafleHUn, 102, CJI. 2.
103
0 Arejy HIheroBoM):IeJIY: LThKI, 188; ):{oMeHTHjaH, JIela/uje U3
CBefiioz iiUCMa, 241-246.
104 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichen Lektionen, 61.
105 Me):IHh, CiUapu C/lUKapCKU iipupy'lHUijU II, 308-309.
106 0 rrpoPOKY HaYMY HIheroBOM ):IeJIY: LThKVII, 779; )l:oMeHTHjaR,
U3Ceewoz iiUCMa, 224-228; Bibliotheca Sanctorum IX, 697 sqq.
CA. 10. Ilpopo Aeouja CA. 11. Ilpopo Azej CA. 12. Ilpopo HaYM
CTaB.1I>eH je y06lfIIajeHo - CJIIfIIaH je XpHCTY, ca ypezrao aa-
qem.1I>aHOM KOCOM H 6pa,[(OM cpernse ):(y)KHHe. HaYMje, xao
npopox yrexe, HarOBeCTHO Kp03nponacr npeaaor rpana HH-
HHBe (KOjH ce H,[(Oro,[(HO OKO 625. roznme n. H. e.) xpaj BJIa-
,[(aBHHe cynaja Ha,[( l13paH.1I>eM. 3aToce rseroao sparxo ,[(eJIO,
xoje ceaaase HeKOpHCTH y 60rocny:>Kelhy, TYMaqH, yonnrre-
HO rneztajyha, KaO XpHCTOBa nofiena nan H xao
CHM60JI cnaceaa, Ha CJIHUH y PeCaBH npopox ,[(p:>KH CBHTaK
na KojeM je HCIIHCaH TeKCT IIc 108, 5: ce
docnoA)b IEAHHb Rb A(b)Hb O. To je, sanpaao, jeaaaaecra
CTHX 56 (57) ncamra, xojaje HCTOBeTaH CrreTHM CTHXOM 107
(108) ncansaa. Ilpeaa TYMaqelhY Araaacaja Anexcaaapaj-
cxor, OBH rrCaJIMH O,[(HOce ce aa OHO mTOje XpHCTOC aa.1I>y,[(e
CaBplIIHO xanaje y rrOCJIe,[(IhHM,[(aHHMa,jaBHBmHceaa 3eM.1I>H
y 'reny, 0,[( IhHXoncexao TpyJIe:>KHOCT (rrpOIIa,[(.1I>HBOCT). Haso
cepana cnaceaa.1I>y,[(H XpHCTOC CHHCXO,[(HO,[(O ,[(06pOBO.1I>HOr
YMalhelha H 6HO nocnymaa qaK,[(O CMPTH na KpCT)', oner he
ce, rro TYMaqelhY aaseneaor CTHXa, Y3HeTH aa aefieca, rra he
TaKO CBOjHMycxohersea CBy 3eM.1I>Y HCrryHHTHCJIaBOM.107 IIo-
MeHYTH rrCaJIMH HeKOpHCTe ce y 60rOCJIY:>Kelhy, aJIH cy, rro-
mTO - CXO,[(HO HaBe,[(eHoM TYMaqelhY Araaacaja AneKCaH-
npajcxor - croje y Be3H ca XpHCTOBHM crpanarsea Hsacxp-
cersess, rrpepaheaa HYTKaHH y XHMHe xoje ce nesajy TOKOM
CTpaCHe censome, a same nyra aa BeJIHKH rreTaK,l08
IIPOPOK Feoeon - np(o)pOK(b) - KOjH
je HaCJIHKaH acnon npopoxa Jepeaaje, npeztcraarsea je KaO
cpezrosesaa qOBeK C KpaTKoM KOCOM H OKpyrJIOM 6pa,[(OM
(CJI. 13),109 .ll:ecHHuoM 6JIarocH.1I>a, ay nenoj PYUH ,[(p:>KH CBH-
TaK na KojeMje HCrrHCaH TeKCT 0 rrpofia BYHe na H3
Kn.uze 0 cyoujaua: docnOA)H 4..... MOIEH cn(4)ce
(Cyzi 6, 36). TH CTHXOBH 06jamlhaBajy ce KaO CHM60JI 60-
:>KaHCKOr ,[(06POqHHCTBa, npeofipaacaja Boroponasaaor H
OTeJIOTBOpelha XpHcToBor,110 a qHTajy ce KaO necera napa-
MHjana rrpasnax Borojaarseaa (6. jaHYap).111
Ocuja - np(o)poK(b) wm - rrpBH MaJIHM rrpo-
pOUHMa, npeztcraarsea je aa 3aIIa,[(HOj CTpaHH TaM6ypa, HC-
non MJIa,[(or npopoxa 3axapHje (CJI. 14). Hserosa xoca H
oKpyrJIa6pa,[(a cy, KaoHre)leOHOBe, KpaTKe, a06eMapyKaMa
)lp:>KH CBHTaK HaKojeMje HCrrHCaH TeKCT lherOBor
CTBa: H ceKb 8(0r)0'( (Oc6,
1). Y nOmaB.1I>HMa Koja y OCHjHHOj KlhH3H rrperxo,[(e OBOM
CTHXy rrpopoKje YKa3ao HaHe,[(eJIa HHe,[(OCTaTKe Jy,[(ejauaH
rrpe,[(cKa3aO ,[(a he ce OHH OTprHYTH HBpaTHTH rocrro,[(y, qHje
ce MoparrocrnhH MepOMKaJHe CBaKor O,[(CT}'rrHH-
Ka. TaKO rrpopOK y rrOMeHYTOM UHTaTY rr03HBa Ha rrOBpaTaK
Focnozry, jep je OH Taj KOjH pasnape, aJIH Hacnersyje, pana,
aJIHHsasaja, Cnacen,eje, ,[(aKJIe, y Iio:>KHjoj pyna, aOHO he ce
,[(eCHTH rro npencxaaarsy OCHjHHOMy rpeha naa, Xpamhaaa
sane Y TOj OCHjHHOj BH3HjH npencxasaa,e aacxpcea.a XpH-
CTOBOr. Ha TO MHCJIH HarrOCTOJI IIaBJIey Ilocnanuuu KOpUH-
hauuua, xana, rosopeha 0 Hcycy XpHCTY, HaBO,[(H: "H,[(a 6H
yxonan, H,[(aycra rpeha ztaa, rro rrHCMY" (lKop 15, 4). Crpa-
naa,e Hsacxpcea,e Mecajaaojecy 3Hau;H IiO:>KaHCTBa KojHMa
je npexaayro pofioaan,e rpexy H CBHX OHHX mTO cTY-
rrajy y sajenaany ca XpHCTOM. 360r rora ce, rro JepyCaAUM-
CKOM iUUUUl<y, HaBe,[(eHH UHTaT H3ztenaOcajaaor qHTa, ca
CTHXOM KOjH MY nperxozra (5, 13) H OHHMa KOjH CJIe,[(e (6,
2-3), aa 60rocny:>Kelhy y cpezry CTpaCHe ce,[(MHue.
ll2
IIPOPOK AMoc - np(o)poK(b) 4MOCb - OCHjHH CTa-
paja caapesreaas Hrpeha MaJIHM npoponmra, HaCJIH-
KaH je acnon JOHe, aa 3aIIa,[(HOj CTpaHH TaM6ypa (CJI. 15).
IIpe,[(cTaB.1I>eH je KaO cpenosesaa qOBeK C ):(yroM, ypenao
onemrsaaosr KOCOM H 6pa,[(OM cpeznse)ly:>KHHe. OKpeHYT je
yzrecno H):(p:>KH YJIeBHUH CBHTaK na KojeMje HCrrHCaH TeKCT
lherOBor rrpoposancrna: docnoA)4 A4 mHR4
R4... (AM 5,6). THMCTHXOM npopox MOJIH
aapon zta ce 06paTHI'ocnozry H,[(aTaKO KajalheM360r rpexo-
sa (OIIHCaHHX Y nperxonaau rrOmaB.1I>HMa KlhHre) OTKJIOHH
necpehy mTO ,[(OJIa3H ca CKOpHM rra,[(OM ,[(OMa H3paH.1I>eBOr,
KOjH npopox aarosenrraaa. Taj rr03HB jeapejcxox napony aa
MOJIHTBeHO ofipaharse Tocnony MO:>Ke ce TYMaqHTH H KaO
npanpeaa aaorrpourraj rpexa HcrracKOjH he CBOjHM crpaaa-
lheM H aacxpcersesr xparuhanaaa osroryhara Mecaja, THM
rrpe nrro, npesraTYMaqelhY xpamhaaa, AMoc y CBOMzterryTO
H aaroaenrrasa. Taso ce y OCMOM rrOmaB.1I>Y ztena npopoxo-
sor BH)lH rrpencxaaaa,e pacneha Cnacarerseaor. 360r Tora
ce CTHXOBH H3 OBe rnase (AM 8, 9-12), rro JepyCaAUMCKOM
iUuuuKy, qHTajy KaO napaaaja na BeJIHKH rreTaK.
ll3
Y saap-
mHHM CTHXOBHMa nocnenae rnaae csor nena (9, 11-15)
107 Araaacaje, apxaermcxon llJIeKCaH)q)HjcKH, Tyuauetee ucana-
Ma,139-140,270-271.
108 P. K. Kirchhoff, Die Ostkirche betet. Hymnen aus den Tageszei-
ten der byzantinischen Kirche II, MUnster 1963, 351-459.
109 3a nO.l\ance 0 [e.l\C0HYcf. LThKIV, 887.
110 IIonoBHh, HciiiopujcKe KItJUZe Ciiiapo2 3a8eU4a, 20 sq.; cf. H
LThKIV,887.
111 RahIfs, Die alttestamentlichen Lektionen, 33.
112 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichen Lektionen, 64. 0 npopoK)' OCHjH
HIDeroBOM.l\eJIY: LThKVII, 1260 sq.; ,l(oMeHTHjaH, HeKlluje U3CeeU402uu-
CMa, 161-172.
113 RahIfs, Die alttestamentlichen Lektionen, 65. 143
CA. 13. Ilpopox Teoeou CA. 14. Ilpopo Ocuja CA. 15. Ilpopo AMoc
AMoc sasyje ztahe onarracKHHHja )l;aBH,L\OBa 6HTH 06HOBJbe-
na, a'raztahe CBH HapO,L\H KOjH nosanajy JlMe I'ocrromse 6HTH
cjezrarseaa 1'1 )KHBeOe y H306HJbY, Y qeMYTeOJI03H BH,L\e BH-
sajy XpHmOaHCKe u:pKBe.l
14
TH CTHXOBH Asrocone KlblITe
anax HHCy HamJIH onjexa y fiorocnyzcetsy rrpaBOCJIaBHe up-
KBe, KaO HHrr03HB aa MOJIHTBy (AM 5, 6). Ilo Ilapuepaocxou
UluiiuKY, sa pa3JIHKy on JepyCaAUMCK02, AMOCOBO ,n;eJIO yorr-
nrre ce Heynorpefinaaa y 60rocJIY)KeIbY.
IIpBH npopox Cuiapoesaeeuia, nojcsoaoha, rrOJIHTHqap
1'1 rrOCJIe,L\IbH jespejcsa cynnja CaM)'WlO - np(o)poK(b)
C4MlSHI\(b) - HaCJIHKaH acnon npopoxa JOHJIa, npasasaa je
y06nqajeHo, KaO jespejcxa CBemTeHHK (CJI. 16).1
15
Ha rJIaBH
HMa KpYHOJIHKY cnenrreaasxy KaIIY, zrpyrasajy on OHHX xoje
aoce OCTaJIH npopoua CBeillTeHHIUL Y ztecaoj pyna ,n;p)KHpor
ca YJbeM (1CaM 16, 13), CJlM60JI 60)KaHCKe MohH1'1 cnacersa
(JIK 1, 69); IbHMe je rrosrasao )l;aBH,L\a sa napa, aJIH 1'1 HaI'OBe-
crno Boropozmny 1'1 6e3rpemHo3aqeoe.
116
Y neaoj pyu:H.n:p)KH
CBHTaK aa KojeMje naparppasapaa CTHX H3lberoBe npne KlbH-
re: T4KO rl\(4ro)I\IET(b) r(O(noA)b nONlEme rl\(4ro)I\H
MOIE (1CaM2, 27).117 l{HTaTronopa 0 ,n;eTHIbCTBy CaMYHJIO-
BOM. IlpBHneo Ilpee KR>U2eCaMyuA06e, ztoaaaeneaor U:HTa-
ra, qHTace rroJepyCaAUMCKOM UluiiuKY y BpeMe BeJIHKOr rro-
CTa, 1'1 TO Ynoaeaersax (ICaM 1, 1-23) 1'1 YTOpaK (1CaM1,23
- 2, 26) npyre aezierserroCTa.
118
l{HTaTaa CBHTKy CaMyHJIO-
BOM H3Pecane, MegyrHM, HeKOPHCTH ce y JIHTYPmjH.
Ilopen CaMYHJIa HaCJIHKaHje na cesepaoj crpana TaM-
6ypa CTapH 3axapuja - np(o)poK(b) - MY*Je-
JIHCaBeTHH 1'1 oran JOBaHa Ilperese (CJI. 17).119 Cxenrrea je
ncnozt JIHKa npopoxa Manaxaje, KOjH je npenaaneo ,lJ;OJIa3aK
aa CBeT lberOBor CHHa JOBaHa. TaKO aaje cnysajao TO nrro
3axapHja ,n;p)KH y JIeBHUH CBHTaK aa xojeu je HCIIHCaH U:HTaT
o pohersy JOBaHa Ilperese 1'13 Jeeauhena iio JIyKU:
UI\(4rO)c(l\O)R(e)Nb r(OcnOA)b u(or)b I (1\4Rb laKO nee-
tTH (JIK 1, 68). 3axapHja je, KaO 1'1 CaMYHJIo, rrpaxasan y
caenrreaasxoj o,n;e)K,L\H, nonrro je normrao 1'13 poztacsenrre-
HIfqKOr, a 1'1 caMje 61'10 CBemTeHHK (JIK 1, 5). Y,n;ecHoj pyu:H
,n;p)KH Ka.n;HOHHu:y, CHM60JI CBemTeHlfqKOr rr03HBa (Ep 16,
6-7; 16, 17-18; 16,37-39; 16,46-47),yKojojTeOJI03HBH,L\e
Eoropo,n;IfqHHY rrpe<pHrypau:Hjy. Ka.n;HOHHU:a, rrpeMa 06ja-
mlbelbY rrarpHjapxa repMaHa I (715-730), CHM60JIlfqHO
rrpe,n;cTaBJba XpHCTOBy Jby,n;cKYrrpHpo,n;y, KOjyje OH rrpHMHO
o,n; EOrOpO,lJ;Hu:e. )I{epaBHUa y Ka.n;HOHHU:H CHM60JIHme 60-
)KaHCKY rrpHpo.n:y XpHCTOBy, ,n;OK ce,n;HM KOjH ce,n;H)Ke 1'13 Ka-
,n;HOHHu:e TYMaqH KaO rrpHcyCTBO CBeTOr )l;yxa.l
20
)l;pyraqHje
144 HCKa3aHO, Ka.n;HOHHu:a CHM60JIHille 1'1 EOropO,n;Hu:y, Koja je
HOCHJIa XpHCTa y ce6H(zcepasana). THMrropehetsea YKa3Y-
je ce aa Boroponasaay nocpennasxy ynory npa OBaIIJIOne-
Iby CrraCHTeJbeBOM.
Cnezreha y HH3Y, a TaqHO acrrozt rrpopoxa )l;aHHJIa,
rrpencraarseaje rrpopoKApoll- np(o)poK(b) ""pONb - rrp-
BH CBemTeHHK Ciuapoe saeeiua (CJI. 18).1
21
HaCJIHKaH je
yofiasajeao, KaO crapan zryre xoce 1'1 zryre marsare 6pa.n;e,
HCTO OHaKO KaKOje 61'10 rrpaxasan y KYrrOJIaMa npxne CBeTOr
AXHJIHja y ApHJbY 1'1 XpHCTa Xope y Ilaparpany, 3aTJIM y
EOroPO,n;IfqHHOj U:pKBH y Ileha, y PaBaHHU:H 1'1 y OJITapy zte-
qaHCKOr xpaMa.
122
Y PeCaBHje, HCTO xao y U:pKBH Xope y Ila-
pnrparty 1'1 y )l;eqaHJlMa, ca Aponose JIeBe crpane npencra-
BJbeH rseros 6paTMojcHje (113JI 15,20), KOjH raje npoaaneo
y CBemTeHHKa. EH6JIHjCKH CTHXOBH (Han 4, 14; 19,22 sqq.)
yxaayjy aa TO na je APOHjom y ErHIITy npoassenea sa CBe-
urreaaxa, a 61'10 je norrropa MOjCHjy, rseroaa "YCTa" H,,rrpO-
pOK" (113JI 4, 16; 7, 1), rrpHJIHKOM nperonopa C<papaoHoM.
360r roraje APOH aa aanroj CJIHU:H npencraarsea y csenrre-
HIfqKOj ozieha. Hserosa rr03HUHja BpXOBHor CBemTeHHKa 1'13-
pazcenaje, rrpe csera, TJlMe mTO HOCH HarrpCHHK ca zrsanaecr
.n:parHX KaMeHOBa 1'1 TaK03BaHHM ypHMOM 1'1 TYMHMOM (113JI
29, 4-9). Ilo OCTaJIHM rrojenanocraaa (zryra opaasserrracana
TYHHKa, rrozraesaaa y crpyxy, orpras 1'1 Te<pHJIa aa rJIaBH) Ibe-
rosa o,n;e)K,L\a Hepasnaxyje ceMHoro on3axapHjHHe 1'1 Caay-
HJIOBe oztehe, Y nesoj pyu:HAPOH ,n;p)KH Y3,n;IITHyr jonr jenan
114
0 AMocyHrseroaoj KlbH3H cf Jlexuuje U3 Ceeuioe
iiUCMa, 183-195; LThKI, 447 sq.
us 0 npopoxy CaMyHJIy HlLeroBoM ,l:IeJIY cf. LThK IX, 303-305;
LThKIV, Rom-Freiburg-BaseI1972, 38 sq.
116 CaMYRJIO ce xecro npaxasyje c porosr, TaKBa rserosa npencrasa
MOllCe ce BH,l:\eTH, aa npmrep, Yupxna Xope YIlaparpany, Y H
KaJIeHHhy, cf. P. A. Underwood, The Kariye Djami, New York 1966, vol.
II, PI. 83/b; E. B. Ilonosah, Ilpoepau cueouuca y OIlUlapCKOM iipociiiopy,
in: 300110 cnuxapcuieo uanacuiupa Ileaaua, 78; )I{JmKOBHli, KOIleIlUh, 1/2;
CHMHh-Jla3ap, Kaneuuh, 100.
117 E. Tozrah csrarpa ,l:Iaje aa OBOM CBHTKY HCrrHCaH ztpyra rracycH3
Te KlbHre - l Casr 12, 15 (Tonah, Mauaciuup Peca6a, 55).
118 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichen Lektionen, 62.
119 3a rrO,l:lanre 0 3axapHjH c LThKX, 1300; Le/VIII, Rom-Frei-
burg-Basel 1976, 634 sqq.
120 PG 98, 400 CD.
121 3a OCHOBHe rrO,l:laTKe 0 ApoHY cf. LThK I, 3 sq.; LCl V,
Rom-Freiburg-Basel 1973, I.
122 Cf. BOjBO.z:IHli, 3uooo C/lUKOpciU60 "IPK6e C6eiU02 AxuIluja, 35;Un-
derwood, Kariye Djami II, PI. 82; Th. IIorrOBHli, cPuzype upopoKay K)'iioIlU 0-
zopoiJmle OouzuUipuje, 446; :>KHBKOBHh, P06allulla, 10; IieJIOBHh, P06allulla,
85; V. R. Petkovic, La peinture serbe du moyen age II, Beograd 1934, PI.
CXXX; IIoIIOBHli, IIpozPaM :J/CU6oiiuca Y OIlUlaPCKOM iipociiiopy, 78.
C/!. 16. Ilpopox Cauyuno C/!. 17. Ilpopo 3axapuja (ciUapu) C/!. 18.IIpopoKApoH
CHM60JI - pacnserany 0 KOjOj ce ronopn y EH6mIjH.
OHa CBe):(OqH 0 TOMe zta je APOHH3a6paHHK [OCIIO):(IbH, jep
je jennno lberOBa IIaJIHIIa, CHM60JI cJIyx<6e caenrreaa-rxe,
IIPOIlBeTaJIa y IIIaTOpy CBe):(OqaHCTBa (Ep 17, 16-23). ITo aa-
pehersy I'ocnoztrsesr, xoje je cnposeo Mojcnje (Bp 17, 25),
Aponosa IIaJIHIIa0):( 'rana je qyBaHay CKHHHjH KaO CHM60JI
saaera Focnonrser, 3HaK HeIIOKOpHHMa H ):(OKa3 60:>KaHCKOr
H360paApoaa sarrpBocBemreHHKa.l23 XpHUIliaHHy ApOHO-
BOj IIaJIHI\H BH,I(e npednrrypanajy EoropO,I(HIIe H CHM6o-
JIIflIHY CJIHKY fiearpenraor aaseha Hfieceaeaor pohersa XpH-
CTOBor 0):( ,ZJ;eBe Mapaje; HMapaja je IDpaRJbCKHM zte-
BHI\aMa 6HJIa H3a6paHa 0):( I'ocnozra, Hseros 3HaK sa TO npe-
II03Haoje rrpBOCBeIIITeHHK 3axapHja, IIa jy je rrpHJIHKOM aa-
Be):(eIba IIOCTaBHO aa rpeha creIIeHHK :>KpTBeHHKa. TaKO je
OHa 0):( razta:>KHBeJIay xpasry, raejoj je aaheo):(OHOCHO xpany
(Ilpoiuojeeauhene JaK06/be60, VII, 1 - VIII, 1). Y necaoj
PYIlHAPOH na npencrana y Pecasn .IJ:P:>KH HCBmaKna KojeM
je HCIIHCaH I1maT H3 Ileiue toeuee Mojcujeee: r(ocnO,4,)"
o(or)" TROlEro N(6)OO HN(6)OO NOO (IToH310, 14). TaIIapH-
MHjaqma ce, npexa JepyCaAUMCKOM WUUUlCY, y IIeTaKIIeTe
aenerse BeJIHKOr IIoCTa.l
24
Kao mTO je HarroMeHYTO, Mojcuje - np(o)poK(h)
MW'fCH16 - IIpBHHnajaeha npopox, OCHHBaq Hsoha Hspaa-
rsa, IIpHKa3aHje nopen 6paTaApOHa, y .IJ:PyrOM pe.IJ:Y <Imrypa
npopoxa y PeCaBH (CJI. 19). HacJIHKaHjeKaO MJIa):(Hli Cspar-
KOM KOCOM HBeOMa KpaTKOM 6pa.IJ:0M.125 ITOrryT CaMYRJIa, 3a-
xapaje H Apona, H OH je oztenea y CBemreHIflIKY o):(e:>K):(y, C
THM mTO IberoB orpras, sa pa3JIHKY 0):( OCTaJIHX, HHje YKPa-
urea, Mojcaje je je):(HHH npopox KOjH YPYKaMa HeMa CBmaK.
OH.IJ:P:>KH IIJIHTKY IIOCy.IJ:Y YKOjOj ceHaJIa3H xpsar; Y'raj xpsar
je, IIOaapehersy Mojcajeaou, APOH CaKYIIHO MaRY H IIOTOM
ra CTaBHO rrpezt [OCIIo):(a, ztace qyaa y CKHHHjH 0):( KOJIeHa ):(0
KOJIeHa, sa napezme reaepanaje (H3JI 16, 33). XpHUIliaHHY
MOjCHjy BH,I(e JaKOHO):(aBI\a Kp03 xora je Bor nporoaopao H
npopoxa KOjH je ysasao aa XpHCTa KaO Mecajy, OCHM 'rora,
KaO ID6aBHTeJb, BeJIHKH npopox H IIocpe):(HHK
Bora H Hspaarsa, Mojcnje je npaofipaa XpHCTa, onnrrer HC-
KYIIHreJba, apxoanor npopoxa Haesnor IIocpe,I(HHKa
BoraHCBeTa. H y MaHHBH,I(e xpanrhaaa IIpOTOTHII XpHCTa, TO
jeer cHM60JI lberoBor eaxapacrajcsor reJIa H KpBH (JH 6,
31-35). Kpqar y KojeMceqyaa MaRa rrpe):(CTaBJba rrpe<lmrypa-
:QHjy Eoropo):(HIIe. 3aToje y PecaBH HaKpqary HacJIHKaHO IIO-
IIpcje Eoropo):(HI\ey CTaBy OpaHTe. Ha Taj HaqJIHCHM60JIlfllHO
je HCKa3aHa Be3a Eoropo):(HI\e (Kpqara) ca XpHCTOM (MaHOM),
jep, KaO illTO YKpqary CTOjH MaRa, TaKOje Eoropo):(HI\a HOCH-
JIaXpncra y ce6H. THMe je YKa3aHO na Boropomrsnay IIO-
cpe,I(HIflIKY yrrory rrpH MHCTepHjH OBaIIJIOneIba. I1CTa npen-
CTaBa Mojcnja CIIOCy):(OM sa MaRY H JIHKOM Boropozraue na
rsoj MO:>Ke ceBH,I(eTH y I1pKBHXpHCTa Xope y Ilaparpany, KaO
HY,ZJ;eqaHJIMa, rne y IIOCy):(H CTOjH Hcezurospaxa caehaax ca
yrra.n:.eHHM cBeliaMa.l
26
3apa3JIHKY 0):( THX IIpHKa3a, Mojcnje y
PaBaHHI\H .IJ:P:>KH IIOCy.IJ:Y 6e3 Boropozraxaae rrpe,I(CTaBe.
127
Y
I1pKBH aa BOJIOTOBOM IIOJbY IIaK 6HO je npaxasaa MeJIXHCe-
,I(eK Cxpaarou, ,I(OK ce y Kaneaahy MO:>Ke BH,I(eTH BepoBaTHO
APOH CTHM CHM60JIOM. HH na je):(HoMIIoMeHYToMnpnxasy na
IIOCy.IJ:H HeMa Boroponaxane rrpe,I(cTaBe.
128
Kpyr npopoxa y norsoj 30HH TaM6ypa sarsapa MaJIH
rrpopoKMuxej - np(o)poK(h) M"iXIE" (CJI. 20); npaxasaaje aa
HCTOqHOj crpaaa TaM6ypaHCTOjH nopen Mojcaja, Cjenae, H
COcPoHHje, Czrpyre cTpaHe.l
29
MHXej je npeztcraanea CJIIflIHO
Xpncry. Y JIeBHI\H .IJ:P:>KH O):(MOTaH CBmaK, ua KojeMje HCIIH-
CaH xpaj npaor HIIOqeTaK .IJ:Pyror CTHXa qeTBPTor IIOrJIaBJba
IberoBeKIbHre: T"KO rA("rO)AIET(h) r(ocnO,4,)b RbU,4,pmH-
T6Ab nplH,4,lST AIO,4,[H]1E (MHX 4, 1-2). TH CTHXOBH IIOmyHO
onronapajy CTHXOBHMa npyror IIOrJIaBJba ztena HCaHjHHor
(He 2, 2 sq.). 3aTO Heqy):(HTO mTOje JIHK npopoxa Hcaaje IIO-
CTaBJbeH aacnpaa Maxeja, Haase, HaBe):(eHH CTHXOBH, KaO H
MHXejeBH CTIlXOBH KOjH sa IbHMa CJIe,I(e, HMajy MecHjaHCKH
xapaxrep, a qmajy ce sanpesae 60roCJIyx<eIba y cpeny qeTBP-
re nenerse IIOCJIe YcKpca.
I3O
no JepyCaAUMCKOM iUUUUlCY, na-
123 Ilarar H3 liH6Jmjenar je rrpesra HeMa'IKOM npenozry ca xe6pej-
cxor (Einheitsubersetzung - yrJIaBHOM ce KOpHCTH y HayqHoM PlVlY) H
rrpexa rp'IKOM npesozry. Y Eu6/luju xojy je 1'Iypa,Z:(aHHqHh npeseo na cprr-
CKH je3HK,l\OIIIJIO je, asrnezta, zto rpemxe (HJIH je xopanrhea HeKH CTapH
npennoaeax), na cery pazia0 uarary lip 17, 1-10. ,[(lUIH'IHhjeCTHXOBe lip
17, I-IS HeMallKe Hrpsxe Eu6/luje npaxrsysno nornasrsy 16H06eJIeJKHo
sao lip 16,36-50. CBH OCTaJIHl.\HTaTHy OBOMPlVlY,l\aTH cy npesranpenozty
n. ,Z:{aHHqHha, HllKO noaexan ,l\OJIl13H no O,l\cTYIIlUDa y HYMepaI\HjH CTHXa,
jep ,[(aHHqHh HaCJIOBe nornanrsa HHjeHYMepHcaO, arro aesrasxoj Hrpsxo]
liH6JmjHOHH cy 06eJIelKeHH sao npaa CTHX.
124 Rah1fs, Die alttestamentlichen Lektionen, 63.
125 0 MOjCHjyH H.eroBOM ztenycf. LThK VII, 648-654; LaIII,
Rom-Freiburg-BaseI1971,282-297.
126 Underwood, Kariye Djami II, PI. 82; Petkovic, Lapeinture serbe II,
PI. CXXIX; IIOIIOBHh, Ilpozpau :JICU8Oiiuca y O/lWapCKOM upoctuopy, 78.
127 X<HIlKoBHh, PaIJaHU'l'l, 11; Benonah, Paeauuua, 86, 249, CJI.
XXVIII.
128 11. M. JlH4>IillII\, MOHyMeHmaAbHaR :JfCU80nUCb H06zopooa
XlV-XV IJeKOIJ, MOCKBa 1987, CJI. 41; )l{HBKOBHh, KatleHUIz, 1/2; CH-
MHh-1I113ap, KatleHUIz, 99.
129
0 rrpOPOKY MHXejy HH.eroBoM ,l\enycf. LThKVII, 390 sq.; ,[{o-
MeHTHjaH, HeKlluje U3C6eiUoz UUCMll, 217-223.
130 ,[{oMeHTHjaH, HeKlluje U3C6ewoz uUCMa, 221, 223; Rahlfs, Die
alttestamentlichen Lektionen, 44. 145
Ilotuxyuonuu upociuopu Y2aOllUX KJ!i10Aa
131 Rahlfs, Die alttestamentlichen Lektionen, 63.
132 Me,llHli, Cfllapu CJlUKapCKU iiPUPY'lHUllU II, 312-313, 356-357.
133 :>KHBKOBHh,MaHacuja, II.
134 )I(HBKoBHn, PaaHUija, 12-15; EeJIoBHli, Paalluija, 96 sqq.
IIaH.ZJ;aHTHljlH CBHX yraoaax xynona Pecase yxparueaa
cy OpHaMeHTHMa. Y rroTKyrrOJIHHM rrpocropmra aajaeposar-
naje cy 6HJIe npasasane CTap03aBeTHe JIJiqHOCm, xoje cy ce,
H3rJIe.ZJ;a, aajaemhe HaJIa3HJIe y Me.ZJ;aJDOHHMa (npr. 2-5). To
norsphyje H HamHC np(o)p(O)Kb KOjH ce jom MO)Ke nposn-
TaTH acnon ceBepOHCTOqHe xynone. Tparona aarnaca [npo-
POKb, CT4, npae ... , ... 4ellAI. .. ] He .ZJ;03BOJbaBajy npenosaa-
sarse ljlparMeHTapHO osysaaax JIJiqHOCTH.133 BaJDa,
mM, pasynara C THM .ZJ;a cy TY 6HJIH npHKa3aHH rrpe csera
iipeuu XpUCiilOBU (npae ... ) U ocuianu iipaeeouuuu, jep cy
DlllI Ha HcmM rrOBpmHHaMa HaCJIHKaHH y PaBaHHllH.
134
IIpe.ZJ;cTIlBe CBeTHTeJba y roplhHM rrp030pHMa H
rrpOCKOMH.ZJ;Hje, mTO ce, HCTHHa je, He MOry H.ZJ;eHTHljlHKoBa-
TH, YKa3yjy Ha TO .ZJ;a cy ce H y rOplhHM rrp030pHMa, Hcrro.ZJ;
ona 3axapHje. Ha ynory Boroponaue
npHJIHKOM HHKapHa.QHje Crracnrersa
yxasyje ce, npe csera, npe.ZJ;CTIlBaMa CTIl-
p03aBeTHHX CBemTeHHKa H IhHXOBHX
CHM6oJIa. OHH ce TY MOry TYMaqHTH He
casro KaO npeparypanaje XpHCTOBe Ben
H xao nperese arrOCTOJIa H lbHXOBHX aa-
CJIe.ZJ;HHKa CBemTeHHKa, OHHX KOjH aa-
crasrsajy XpHCTOBO ):\eJIO H Kp03 xoje
.QpKBa .ZJ;aJDe XillBH.
IIpe):\CTaBe npopoxa H IhHXOBH
.QHTaTH BeOMa npe.QH3HO yxasyjy na Te-
Me soje cy rrpasasaae y .ZJ;OIhHM 30HaMa
pecancxe .QPKBe. IIope.ZJ; C.QeHa H3 XpH-
CTOBor )KHBOTa, CaCBHMje H3BeCHO zta je
y Pecasa 6HO HaCJIHKaH H acnprraa llH-
KJIyC )IillBoTa Boropoznrsaaor. Ilpezt-
CA. 20. Ilpopo Muxej CTIlBe y KyrrOJIH yxasyjy aa TO .ZJ;a cy ce
. aa YHHmTeHHM rrOBpIIIHHaMa 3H.ZJ;OBa y
ztenynaoca Mome HaJIa3HTH H C.QeHeH3 XillBOTIl JOBa-
aa KpCTHTeJba, 0 qeMY rosope H C.QeHe C npHKa3HMa ztorahaja
rrOCJIe saseha y KojHMa ce nojaarsyje JeJIHCaBeTa, Mam JOBa-
HOBa. Henocpenao H3aTHX cneaa HaJIa3e ce, HaMMe, 3H.ZJ;He rro-
spmaae qHje cy ljlpecKe CBpeMeHOMBellHHOMYHHmTeHe. TOK
rrpeOCTIlJIHX cneaa C npencrasaaa H3 XillBOTIl H .ZJ;eJIaTHocm
Hcyca XpHCTIl y jy)KHOMneny aaoca He yxasyje aa TO .ZJ;a cy aa
pa3MaTPaHHM MecmMa HeKa):I 6HJIe npencraarsene nexe .ZJ;py-
re C.QeHe onor .QHKJIYca. Ynora arrOCTOJIa narnanrena je y pe-
CaBCKOj llpKBHy06JiqajeHHM cnenasaa y KOjHMa ce OHH npaxa-
3yjy KaO nparaona H yqeHHllH XpHCTOBH, KaO H CJIHKallieM
0.ZJ;a6paHHX JIHKOBa H3 pena ceaaaneceropaue arrocrona y Me-
.ZJ;aJDOHHMa y OJITapCKOM npocropy. He 6H ce CMeJIa,
HCrryCTHTH H3 BH.ZJ;a HH MoryhHoCT na cy ce aa rroMeHYTHMMe-
CTHMa HaJIa3HJIe nexe zrpyreC.QeHe y Be3H Czrenaraomhy arro-
crona, rrpe caera .ZJ;BaHaeCTOpH.Qe. Ha TY MoryhHoCT ynyhyjy
3H):\He rrospmane, HapOqlITO y cesepaoa neny naoca,
aa KOJHMa cy ljlpecKe crpaztane, a aa KOjHMa HHCy MOpaJIe 6H-
TH rrpasasaae CaMO C.QeHecrpanarsa XpHcTOBor, lberoBa qy.ZJ;a
H napafione, IIITO naaac ):\oMHHHPa Y TOM neny peCaBCKOr xpa-
Ma. Ha OBO yxasyje H qHlheHH.Qa .ZJ;a je pecaacxa .QPKBa nocae-
hena CBeTOj TpojH.QH H .ZJ;a na Taj npasnax ynora arrOCTOJIa ):\0-
JIa3H .ZJ;0 naposnror aspaacaja, rra cy OHH crora H nporpasroza
CJIHKapCTBa MonIH 6HTH nocefiao HCTaKHYTH.
CA. 19. Ilpopox Mojcuje
Be.ZJ;eHH CTHXOBH qHTIljy ce y cpeny zrpyre rrenerse BeJIHKOr
rrOCTIl.l31 iWiiaIlauuna rrperropyqyje HX sa HCIIHCHBa-
Ihe Y3 npencrasy npopoxony y xyrronaxa .QPKaBa H xao rrpo-
nparaa TeKCT Y3 cneay Ilpeoopaaeaa XpHCTOBor.
132
Kao IIITO ce H3 rrpeTXO.ZJ;He aHaJIH3e MO)Ke rrpHMeTHTH,
y PeCaBH je OCTBapeH OCMHIIIJbeH H360p KaKO npopoxa TaKO
H TeKCTOBa KOjH HX npare, rOTOBO CBH Ba)KHHjH rrpopoua - a
IhHMa CBH BeJIHKH npopoua, qHjH ce TeKCTOBH aajse-
mhe KopHCTe y .ZJ;OK ce OHH caMH qeCTO CJIHKa-
jy y .QpKBaMa saaaarajcxor YMeTHJiqKOr xpyra - npHKa3aHH
cy y roprsoj 30HH. OHH HemTO Malhe Ba)KHH, KaO H CTIlp03a-
BeTHH CBenITeHH.QH npopoua, .ZJ;06HJIH cy MeCTO y zrpyroj 30-
HH. IIpHMeTHO je, OCHM rora, .ZJ;a rrpopona HHCy CMemTeHH
H3Ha,lJ, npaxasa rrpaaaaxa aa xoje ce onaoce IhHXOBa rrpopo-
qaHCTBa, HHTH THM npaananaaa onrosapajy acnacaaa TeK-
CTOBH. Haxo ce TaKaB CHCTeM O.ZJ;Hoca rrOHeKa.ZJ; nojasrsyje y
BH3aHTHjCKHM .QpKBaMa, Ihera pecancxa nerrrpamra xynona,
C 063lipOM aa CBOjy BeJIJiqHHY H 6poj HaCJIHKaHHX craposa-
BeTHHX JIJiqHOCTH, Hlfje ):\03BOJDaBaJIa, jep 6H 6HO npesame
CJIO)KeH. OCHOBHH CHM60JIHqHH H xajepapxajcxa CHCTeM
nax CHrypHOje H .ZJ;OCJIe.ZJ;HO cnposenen, KaKO y rrorneny 0.ZJ;a-
6lipalha rrpopoxa CMeIIITeHHX y roprsy, O.ZJ;HOCHO ztorsy 30RY,
TaKO H Y norneny IhHXOBHX O.ZJ;Hoca H O.ZJ;Hoca
rrpessa C.QeHaMa H ljlHrypaMa HaCJIHKaHHM y .ZJ;OIhHM 30HaMa
npxae. M3a6paHHM .QIITaTHMa y PeCaBH je H3HeTa cazcera
OCHOBHa TeMa XpHIIInaHCKe ljlHJI030ljlHje H seposaaa. IIpH
TOM cy najxemhe 0.ZJ;a6HpaHH .QHTaTH KOjH ce KopHCTe y 60-
Ta qHlheHHlla noaesaaa je, C jenae crpaae, C
rrpeztcrasoa Hefiecxe JIHTYPrHje, xoja ce, KaO IIITO CMO BH.ZJ;e-
JIH, HaJIa3H H3Ha.ZJ; npopoxa, H, ca zrpyre crpaae, C HaCJIHKa-
HOM 3eMaJbCKOM JIHTYPrHjoM xojy crryzcecaera oua y OJITa-
py. MCTO TaKO je ycnocraerseaa sesa ca CBaKO.ZJ;HeBHOM ae-
MaJbCKOM JIHTYPrHjoM, xojy CBeIIITeHHllH, rro CJIH.QHHe6eCKe
narypraje, cnyxe y .QpKBH .ZJ;O .ZJ;aHaIIIIhHX .ZJ;aHa. Hajseha
6poj uarara y pyxaxa npopoxa H3 Pecaae nocsehea je naj-
3HaqajHHjHM BeJIHKHM rrpa3HH.QHMa, rrocefiao OHHMa y KOjH-
Ma.ZJ;OJIa3H):\O H3pa)Kaja rrojaBa Bora H CBeTe TpojHlle. Ty crra-
.ZJ;a H IIe.ZJ;eceTHH.Qa, KOjy MaHacTlipcKa .QPKBa y PeCaBH rroce6-
HO CJIaBH. BeoMa cy HamailleHe H MYKe XpHcTOBe, Koje ce 3a-
BpmaBajy PacrreneM, KaO H BacKpcelhe XpHCTOBO, rrpe.ZJ;yCJIOB
crracelha JbY.ZJ;CKor po.ZJ;a Koje rrOTOM CJIe.ZJ;H. Y3 XpHCTIl H Ihe-
rOBe rrpa3HHKe, HHCy 3arrOCTIlBJbeHe HH yJIore JOBaHa Kpcm-
TeJba H Boropo.ZJ;H.Qe, a HH arrOCTOJIa H CBeIIITeHHKa Kao CJIe,ZJ;-
6eHHKa XpHCTOBHX. YJIora JOBaHa KpCTHTeJba HamameHaje
rrpe.ZJ;CTaBoM TOr cBeror, aJIH H .QHTaTOM y PYKaMa lheroBor 146
yraonax K)'IIOJIa, BepOBaTHO HaJIa3HJIH JIHKOBH npeztaxa H
npanezmaxa. TaKaB saxrsysax ,[(OHOCH ce na OCHOBy ozteheH
CTaBOBa ,[(OHeKJIe OqYBaHHX CBeTHTe.Jba.
CJIHKaIbe CTap03aBeTHHX npaorana H IIpaBe,[(HHKa aa
IIOTKyrrOJIHHMIIOBpmHHaMa BH3aHTHjCKHX upsaaa HMaCHM-
60JIHqaH xapaxrep jep IbHXOBO IIpHCyCTBO osaaxaaa IIOTBp-
,[(y 3eMarr,CKor )KHBOTa XpHCTOBor. IDHXOBHM CMeillTaIbeM
aa TeIIOBpmHHe YKa3HBaHO je, HaMMe, aa oaannoherse XpH-
CTOBO Haa lberoBy Huapcxy JI03Y xoja ce MO-
)Ke nparara Kp03 MHore reaepanaje lberoBHX aesrarscsax
npenaxa. Ih60poM npenaxa, IIOHeKa,[( IIOMarejesoa jesaa-
ljeJby (1-25), a KaTKa,[( IIOmrryprajcxaa HJIH HeKHMzrpyraa
TeKCTOBHMa, qeCTO je onpehasaa csracao CJIHKaHOr rrporpa-
MaHYKa3HBaHOje aa CTaJIHO rrpHCyCTBO THX Yn:p-
KBH H JIHTYPmjH. OHHce y rnrrypraja naposnrro CJIaBe TO-
KOM zrse nenerse rrpen rrpasnax Pohea.a Xpacrosor, xana ce,
rrpHJIHKOM qHTalbaJeeanhena iio Maiuejy (y HezrersyCBe-
THX OTaI\a Hua Oa,[(IbH naa) HIIoje,[(HHaqHO IIOMHlby,135
Cyneha IIOII03HaTHM KYIIOJIHHM CIIOMeHHI\HMa, npe-
I\HXpHCTOBH cy, 6ap y IIepHO,[(y IIOCJIe HKOHOKJIa3Ma, najxe-
mhe CJIHKaHH y IIOTKyrrOJIHHMIIpOCTOpHMa. TaKO ceH3jezrae
6ece,[(e JIaBaVI (OKO 900) casaaje ztacy OHH 6HJIH HaCJIHKa-
HHaeh y roplbHM 30HaMa naparpaztcxe npxae CTHJIHjaHa 3a-
yn:eca,136 IIpBH OqyBaHH npnsrepa TaKBOr pacnopezta XpH-
CTOBHX npenaxa IIOTHqyraxohe H3cpenaoaasarrrajcxor- IIe-
paoztaHMOry ceBH,[(eTH y n:pKBHHea MOHHaa Xnocy, xao H
y n:pKBH MHpO)KCKOr MaHaCTHpa y IIcKoBy, a HCTO MeCTO
IbHXOBH JIHKOBH 3aY3HMaJIH cy Hy Hepe,[(HI\H. TaKaB HKOHO-
rparpcxa nporpaa KYIIOJIHHX upxasa npeyaer je Hy KaCHOBH-
3aHTHjcKoM IIepHO):(y, H3xojer je casysaa MHOro aeha 6poj
IIpHMepa.Jenaa 0,[( Haj3aHHMJbHBHjHXjeCTe oaaj y Kparsenoj
I\pKBHy CTY,[(eHHI\H, rne cy, C063RpOM aa qHlbeHHI\Y ztaje
I\pKBa nocseheaa JOaKHMy H AHH, rrpeua, nopehaaa npesia
penocneny H3Marejesor jesaahersa, ,[(06HJIH HCTaKHyTO Me-
CTO y aorsoj 30HH TaM6ypaK)'IIOJIe, noaesyjyha TaKO Cuiapu
HHOBU3a6eiU.
137
IIoHeKa,[( cy IIaKnpena CJIHKaHH Haa IIOTP-
6ymjHMa JIYKOBa KOjH noce KYIIOJIy HJIH aa 60qHHM IIOTKY-
IIOJIHHM 3H,[(OBHMa. TaKBH upasrepa MOry ce BH,[(eTH y MH-
JIemeBH, CBeTHM aIIOCTOJIHMa y Ileha, y COIIohaHHMa H
ApHJbY. Y ApHJbYcy CBeTH JoaKHMHAHa rrpaxasarra na JIY-
Ky ys oJITap,138 Y n:pKBH Eoropozrane IIepHBJIeme y OXpH):(y
JIHKOBH npapoznrrersa, MeljYTHM, CMemTeHH cy na JIYK KOjH
yoxsapyje aIICH):(y.139 AKo je rasaa IIpeTIIOCTaBKa,[(a cy HC-
IIO,[( crropezmax K)'IIoJIaPecase 6HJIH IIpHKa3aHHIIpeI\HXpH-
CTOBH, onna je TO MOpaJIO 6HTH ysmseao IIOysopy aa Pana-
HHn:y, qHjeje CJIHKapCTBO, Kao mTOje HaIIOMeHYTO, y MHoro
qeMY6HJIO IIpHMep3a CJIHKape PeCaBe.
IlalloalliUuu ttelliUparme K)JUO/le
Ha IIaH,[(aHTHljlHMa HCIIO,[( I\eHTPaJIHe K)'IIOJIe PeCaBe
HaJIa3e ce IIpe,[(CTaBeje6all!jelluciUa (n:pT. 6). OHHce HaIIaH-
,[(aHTHljlHMa CJIHKajy HajKacHHje 0,[( XI BeKa, illTO IIOTBpljyjy
CIIOMeHHI\H, KaO mTO cy CBeTa ColjlHja y KHjeBy
HJIH I\pKBaHea MOHHHa XHOCy. Y n:pKBH Hea MOHH, Koja
HMa CJIO)KeH KyrrOJIHH CHCTeM ca TPOMIIaMa, jeBaHljeJIHCTH
cy rrpHKa3aHH Ha MeCTHMa Koja o,[(roBapajy IIaH,[(aHTHljlH-
Ma,140 YKaCHOBH3aHTHjcKoMIIepHo):(y OHH cy IIOCTaJIHrOTO-
BO HCKJbyqHBa ,[(eKopan:Hja IIaH,[(aHTHljla I\eHTPaJIHe KyrrOJIe,
o qeMYCBe,[(Oqe MHom rrpHMepH. THIIHqaHrrpHMep jeCTeH
n:pKBa MaHacTRpa PecaBe.
IIpe,[(CTaBejeBaHljeJIHCTa y PecaBH ,[(OCTa cy omreheHe.
.1IHKoBHjeBaHljeJIHCTa H1bHX0Ba HKoHorpaljlHjaMOry ce HIIaK
y IIOTII)'HOCTH pa3a3HaTH. IIpeII03Hajy ce IIOyCT!lJJ>eHOj HKO-
HorpaljlHjH, CHM60JIHMa KOjH cy Y3 IbHXIIpe,[(CTaBJbeHH, KaoH
IIO HaTIIHCHMa. Ha ceaepoacrosnou IIaH,[(aHTHljly
HaCJIHKaHjejesanhenacra Marej, Ha JIHCTY KOjH MYrrpHHOCH
rrepcoaadraxanaja OO)KaHCKe IIpeMY,[(poCTHHCIIHCaHjeIIOqe-
TaK lberoBor jeaaahersa: KHHr4 PWAhCT84 ,(CO'[C'h)
X(pH)c(TO)84 ... ArrOCTOJI HjeBaHljeJIHCTa JOBaH - c(8ehh.
IW[4H'h] - rrpeztcraarseaje aa jyrOHCTOqHOM naanaarmpy;
oH,[(HKTRpa TeKcTyqeHHKyIIpoxopy- np[oxop'h] -KojHje
aeh HCIIHcao IIOqeTHe pesa JOBaHOBOr jeaanhersa: [8h H4'U-
AO Bt] CAW[80]. Ilpeacraaajesaahenacre Mapxa HaJIa3H ce
aa jyr03aIIa,[(HOM IIaH,[(aHTHljly. Harnac ClberoBHMHMeHOM
casroje OqYBaH: c(8ehhl. Ha KlbH3H xoja CTOjH
aa rryJITY HCIIHCaH je IIOqeTaK TeKCTa lberOBor jeaaahersa:
e\('(4rre)AH4 ,(co)'[(c'h) X(pHCTO)84 I4Kome, aoxje
aa KlbH3H y lberOBHM PYKaMa HaIIHCaHO: HmelS L..]HrlS
L..Ire L..]8h. II, aajsaa, JIyKa - c(8ehh. AlSK4 - jesaa-
ljeJIHCTa HayropIleaa auOCiUO/lCKUX, rrpezrcrasrseaje aa ce-
Bep03aIIa,[(HOM naanaararpy. Ce,[(H C KIbHrOM aa KpHJIY H
nparrpeaa ce sa IIHCaIbe onrrpeha KaJIaMOC. Ha orsopeaoj
KlbH3H xoja CTOjH na rryJITY HCIIHcaHje IIOqeTaK lberOBor je-
aanhersa: nOHeme lSBO M. Ca H3Y3eTKOM JOBaHa, xojaje rrpH-
Ka3aH y IIeooHHna Ilarsrocy, OCTaJIHjeBaHljeJIHCTH ospyace-
HHcy CJIHKaHOM apxHTeKTYPoM Cpacxonnrmr
6aJIKOHHMa, rrpH qeMY ce OHa na rrpeztcraaa jeaaahenacre
Mareja MO)Ke IIope,[(HTH CIIpHKa3HMa na CJIHI\H TOrjesaahe-
JIHCTe y PaBaHHI\H,141 CI\eHe yrrorrryrsyjy H opxapaha C
rryJITOM, aa KojHMace HaJIa3H IIpH60p aaIIHCaIbe,142
Mecra na KojHMa cy jeBaHljeJIHCTHHaCJIHKaHHacsasyjy
HIbHXOBy IIOBe3aHOCT. Ha rrapy IIaH-
,[(aHTHljla, KaO nerrocpeznmyqeHHI\HXpHCTOBH, npaxasarra cy
Marej HJOBaH. THMeje IIOKa3aHa HIIOBe3aHOCT IbHXOBHX ne-
JIa jep je, IIOjezmox rrpeztarsy, JOBaH npeneo Marejesojenan-
ljeJbeCxefipejcxor aa rpssn, JIYKaHMapKO,[(06HJIH cy MaIbe
Ba)KHa MeCTa, aa 3aIIa,[(HOM napy IIaH,[(aHTHljla, rztece CJIHKajy
y MHOrHM n:pKBaMa H3spesreaaIlaneonora, Y CpIICKHM xpa-
MOBHMa TaKaB pacnopezt rracana jeaaahersa yofiasajea je H
MO)Ke ce BH,[(eTH, aa IIpHMep, y HKparseaoj
I\pKBHy CTY,[(eHHI\H, y COIIohaHHMa, Aanpeamy, KaO
HYn:pKBaMa MOpaBCKe Cpfiaje, Meljy KojHMacy PaBaHHI\a H
KaJIeHHh,143
JeBaHljeJIHCTH cy y PeCaBH, H3Y3eB JOBaHa, IIpe,[(CTa-
BJbeHH CIIepCOHHljlHKaI\HjOM OmKaHCKe IIpeMY):(PocTH, xoja
je, npeaa ysopy H3 aHTHKe, HaCJIHKaHa KaO MJIa,[(a nesojxa.
JOBaH IIaKIIpHMa60)KaHCKO aaaaxayhe aenocpeztao Caefia,
nrro je rrpaxaaaao 3paKOM KOjH H3cerneara nefia ,[(OJIa3H ,[(0
lberOBe maBe. IIaKO JOBaH ,[(P)KH KaJIaMOC, OH He 3aIIHcyje
135 BenuKU TUUUK, 78-82.
136 Cf. Mango, The Art ofthe Byzantine Empire, 203-205.
137 lia6H1i, KpatbeBa llpKBa, 76 sqq.
138 BOjBO.l\Hh, 3UOHO C/lUKapciUBo llpKBe CBeiUoz Axwiuja, 51 sq.
139 MHJbKoBHK-IIerreK,)7enoiUo, 48.
140 B. H. Jla3apeB, M03auKU CotjJUU KueBcKOU, MOCKBa 1960,
85-88, CJI. 10-15; D. Mouriki, The Mosaics ofNea Moni on Chios, Athens
1985,49-51, PI. 10, 11, 136.
141 )KHBKoBHn, PaBallUllQ, 11.
142
0 HaMerrrrajy, rrpe.l\CTlIBaMa rrpH60pa 3a IIHClUbe HapXHTeKTOH-
CKOj rr03a,/\HHH HaCJIHKaMajeBaHl)eJIHCTa cf. H. Hunger, K. Wessel, Evan-
gelisten, in: RhKI1, Stuttgart 1971,474-482; Ii. M IIpeociUaBe
upu60pa 3a UucaRJeUOUpeMyKRJuze y CpUCKOM CpeORJOBeKOBlloM C/lUKap-
ciUB)', in: 360pllUK BIUlOuMupa MowUIla, lieorpa,/\ 1977,87-112; M. Po-
60B, CpeolloBeKoBllu Mamepuanu UullcmpYMellmu 3a nucalle om TbPIlOBO
UllezoBama OKOflHOcm, in: l(apcmByBawmWlm zpao TbpIlOB. ApxeoflOZU'le-
CKU npOJ'lBaIlWl, ed. A. IIorroB, M. AJIeKcHeB, Co<l>HJ1 1985,235-242.
143 Cf.lia6H1i, KpatbeBa llpKBa, 87, 90; Ii. :>KHBKOBHIi,)J(u'la.l(piUe-
:JICU tjJpecaKQ, lieorpa,/\1985, 17-21; idem, Coilotulllu.l.(piUe:JICU tjJpecaKa,
lieorpa,/\ 1984, 8 sq.; idem, PaBallUllQ, 4; DeJIOBHh, PaBallUllQ, 90 sqq.;
:>KHBKoBHIi, Kanellun, 6 sq.; CHMHIi-JIa3ap, Kanellun, 103sq.; Pro1ovic, Die
Kirche des Heiligen Andreas, 89 sqq. 147
TeKCT, Benra ,l:{HKTHpa yqeHHKY IIpoxopy, npHKa3aIIOM KaKO
cezra nopen Ibera. Ilpezrcrasa CBeTOr JOBllHa CIlpoxopox MO-
:>Ke ce nparnmy BH3aIITHjCKOj YMeTHOCTH on X nexa, a HaPO-
qHTO qeCTO JOBaH je TaKO npHKa3HBaH Y KaCHOBH3aIITHjCKOM
rrepHo.n:y.l44 Cnena je sepoaarao HaCTIlJIa y Ilaparpany KaO
anycrpanajaJOBllHOBor :>KHBOTa HaMelbeHapyxonacy CHMeo-
aa Merarppacra, Kao OCHOBa saTYnpencrasy cJIY:>KH.lIo jeJKu-
iUuje ceeiuoe Joeaua xoje je caCTaBHO H3BeCHH IIpoxop, aepo-
BaTHO y Erpecy, OKO 500. ro.n;HHe.l
45
3a Pa3.llllKY on paHHjHX
npencrana, xoje jeBaH1)eJIHCTY noxasyjy y crojehex CTaBy, aa
<ppecuH y PeCaBH OH cezra, HCTO KaO HIIpoxop, llITOce y BH-
3aIITHjCKOj YMeTHOCrn ycrarsyje TeK y XIVBeKY.l
46
OCHMTO-
ra, jacao je na <ppecKa noxasyje JOBaHa HIIpoxopa y nehaaa
aa IIaTMOCy Y TPeHYTKY aacraaxa jesaahersa, jep H3IIpoxo-
posor rrepa, KaO llITOje rroMeHYTO, H3JIa3e noserae pesa je-
saahersa, M Taj zterars nojasrsyje ce TeK y XIV BeKY, nonrro
npe 'rora MecTOHaCTaHKajesaahersa mtje 6HJIO onpehe-
HO; rrpesra TPa.n;HUHjH, CBeTH JOBaH HaIIHcaOje OiUKpU6e1bena
Ilarsrocy, ajeaanherse y E<pecy.l47
Kao llITOje noueayro, ya jeBaH1)eJIHCTe cy y Pecaaa
HaCJIHKaHH H IbHXOBH CHM60JIH, KOjH, ,IJ;p:>KenH jeaanhersa,
H3BHPyjyH3cersreaara nefia mTO ce HaJIa3e IIaH.n;aH-
rn<pa, aa cesepaoj Hjysoroj crpaaa, TH cersreara npeztcra-
BJbeHH cy CPYKOM I'ocnonaoa KaO CHM60JIOM crsapanasxe
MOM. qeTHpH aefiecxa 6Hha H3 Je3eKHJbeBe BH3Hje aefia,
OIIHCaHa KaO :>KHBOTHlba ca xerapa JIHua (Je31,6-12), a0 KO-
JHMa rosopa HJOBaH Teonor y OiUKpU6e1bY(4,6), npaxasyjy
ce y CJIHKapcTBy jom on paaoxpamhaacxor nepaona, Beh je
JIHOHCKH 6HCKyII Hpaaej (II BeK)zroseoCBaKO on THX JIHua y
Be3Y Cjezraaa jeBaH1)eJIHCTOM, noziersyjyha HXjeBaH1)eJIH-
CTHMa xao cHM60JIe. THMeje aspasceaa aepacxazraaa nesa
jeBaH1)eJIHCTa Hnefia,xao Hje.n;HHCTBO
TeKCTOBa. Pyxorraca HaCTajaJIH on X ztoXIII CTOJIena noxa-
syjy ztay TOM nepaony jesaaherracra HHCy YBeK .n;06HjaJIH
HCTH CHM60JI. TeKon XIII nexa yCTaJIHJIO ceTO naje Marejes
CHM60JI aaheo, MapKOB KpHJIaTH JIaB, JIYKHH KpHJIaTH 6HK, a
JOBaHOB opao.l
48
Cnaxae rrpezicraaejeBaH1)eJIHCTa, Cnepcoaadiaaana-
jaaa DO:>KaHCKe IlpeMY,IJ;pOCTH, cersrearaaa He6a H CHM60-
JIHMa jeaaahenacra, nojasrsyjy ce qeCTO y YMeTHOCTH spe-
MeHaIlaJIeOJIora.l
49
IlPHKa3HH3 Pecase MOry ce nopemrra
ca OHHMa y Boroponaxaaoj IJ:PKBH y Ileha H HapOqHTO ca
crrOMeHHUHMa MOpaBCKe Cptiaje, TaKOztace napanene HaJIa-
3eHy PaBaHHUH HKaJIeHHhy.l50
jeBaH1)eJIHCTa MaTeja H JOBaHa Ha HCTOqHOj
crpaHHje, rraH.n;aHrn<pHMa, HaCJIHKaH HepyKoiU60pe1lU
y6pyc. HacnpaM Ibera je, 3arra.n;Hor rrapa ITaH.n;aHTH-
<pa, rrpHKa3aHa lberoBa CJIHKa Ha KepaMUo1ly.l51 To cyqeJba-
Balbe HepYKOTBopeHHX CJIHKa XpHCTOBHX MHorocTPYKo je
CHM60JIHqHO HHaCa:>KeT HaqHH rrpe.n;cTaBJba JIereH.n;y 0 MaH-
.n;HJIHOHY H3E.n;ece, KOjH je caMXpHCTOC Haqy.n;OTBOpaH Ha-
qHHCTBOpHO HrrOCJIaO ABrapy, KpalbYE.n;ece. Ilpe.n;cTaBe ce
o.n;Hoce HaoHaj .n;eo JIereH.n;e rro KojeMje HepYKOTBOpeHa CJIH-
KaOCTaBHJIa OTHCaK HaKepaMHoHY, TaKoljeqy.n;OTBOpaH, Ka-
.n;a je 6HJIa caKpHBeHa y UHrJIaHH KO.n; XHjepOrrOJIHca. MaH-
.n;HJIHOH je OCTaBHOjomje.n;aH OTHCaK y caMOM rpa.n:y E.n;ecH,
Ka.n;a je, TOKOM BJIa.n;e He3Ha60:>Kaua, 6HO 3a3H.n;aH H3Ha.n;
rpa.n;CKHX BpaTa, r.n;e je CTajao Kao3amTHTHHK rpa.n;a. Y Bpe-
Me IIepcHjcKe OIIca.n;e E.n;ece, 544. ro.n;HHe, MaH.n;HJIHOHje Ha
qy.n;oTBopaH HaqHH a y3 Ibera ce HaJIa3HO H OTH-
caKHaKepaMHoHY KOjHje OH y OCTaBHO. 360r
TOracy E.n;ece BepOBaJIH .n;aje rpa.n; npHJIHKOM orrca-
.n;e crraceH yrrpaBo 3axBalbyjYM 3amTHTH TeHepyKoTBopeHe
148 CJIHKe. 06e CJIHKe qyBaHecy y UpKBHYE.n;ecH HCMaTpaHe cy
HajBehHM 3aDITHTHHUHMa rpazta, Y je ra XpH-
CTOBa CJIHKa rrOCTaJIa II03HaTa y ueJIOM BH3aHTHjCKOM nap-
CTBy, ITa HY 3eMJbaMa xoje cy crajane IIO.n; yranajex BH3aH-
raje, 06e nepyxorsopeae CJIHKe npeaoraene cy IIepHO.n; HKO-
HOKJIa3Ma, sa Pa3JIHKY on qy.n;OTBOpHe CJIHKe XpHCToBe H3
KaMYJIHjaHe. Kaztaje, 843. roztaae, KyJIT CJIHKa y BH3aHTHjH
rrOHOBO 6HO ycnocraarsea, arrrepecoaaae sa aepyxorsope-
He CJIHKe je IIOpaCJIO nonrro cy OHe csrarpaae peJIHKBHjaMa
uapcrsa. TaKO cy 944. rozmae MaH.n;HJIHOH HKepaMHOH rrpe-
HeTH H3Enece, xoja ce HaJIa3HJIa non snamhy Apafirsana, y
l{apnrpa.n;.l52 Ty cy zrosexaaa ys aajaehe IIOqaCTH. IIocJIe
csesaaocra onpacaae y IbHXOBy sacr CMemTeHH cy, jeaaa
HaCIIpaMztpyror, y UpKByBoropozraneozi <I>apa, xoja ce CMa-
'rpana PH3HHUOM napcrsa. Y apesre JIaTHHCKe BJIaCTH y Ila-
parpany MaH.n;HJIHoHje BepOBaTHO npeaer aa 3arra.n;, meje y
TO BpeMe arrrepecoaarse aa nepyxorsopeae CJIHKe 3HaTHO
nopacno. Ty ce Hry6H 'rpar CJIHUH H3Enece, qHjHje KYJIT, y
nrapoxo pacrrpocrparsea, OCTao na :>KHBH H
rrOCJIe rseaor HeCTaHKa. BH3aHTHjcKHCJIHKapHqeCTO cy npH-
Ka3HBaJIH MaH.n;HJIHOH, nonesan casr, a nonexan, xao y Peca-
BH, Crseronmr ornCKOM ua KepaMHOHY.l
53
XpHCTOBa CJIHKa xoja je HaCTaJIa 6e3 nocpenosaaa
rsyncxe pyxe, TaKO mTOje Cnacarers npHCJIOHHO TKaHHHY ya
cnoje JIHue, cnyacanaje on .n;aBHHHa xao CBe.n;OqaHCTBO 0 Ibe-
rOBOM H3rJIe,IJ;y HOTeJIOTBOpelby Dora. Ilpa TOMe cy CBe Ibe-
Hesyncrsopae oc06HHerrpenere Hna CJIHKy aa KepaMHOHY,
rronrro je HOHa HaCTaJIa 6e3Jby.n;CKor nocpezronarsa. Kao 'ra-
KBe, 're CJIHKe rrOCTaJIe cy Ba:>KaH CHM60JI xpmnhaacxe YMeT-
aocra, CJIHKapH cy HXIIpe.n:CTaBJbaJIH H npe HKOHOKJIa3Ma,
na 6H IIOTOM IIOCTaJIe H HeH30CTaBaH MOTHB y rrporpasnnra
IJ:PKaBa BH3aHTHjcKor xpyra. O.n;Pa3 TeOJIOillKHX pacnpana
soheaax y X HXI BeKY 6HJIe cy IIpOMeHe y nporpaxasra BH-
3aHTHjcKHX npxana. Y xpaMOBHMa CKYIIOJIOM xoja noxaaa
aa IIaH.n;aHTH<pHMa 're rrpeztcrase ce on rana rOTOBO HeH30-
CTaBHO CJIHKajy IIaH.n;aHTH<pa. CaMO ce y KyrrOJIHHM
npxsaaa qHjH CJIHKaHH nporpaa CJIe.n;H crapa nporpaacxa
penrersaHJIHy OHHMa YKojHMace 360r HeKHX npyrax Pa3JIO-
ra O.n;cryIIHJIO on y06HqajeHor pacnopezta <ppecaKa MaH.n;H-
144 Cf. Hunger, Wessel, Evangelisten, 466 (ca MHOrHM rrpassepa-
Ma); R. S. Nelson, TheIconography ofPreface and Miniature in the Byzan-
tine Gospel Book, New York 1980, 7 sqq.
145 Cf. Acta Joannis, ed. Th. Zahn, Erlangen 1880, LVIII, LX, 154;
Hunger, Wessel, Evangelisten, 466. 0 CBeroM JOBaHy cf. H LCI VII,
Rom-Freiburg-Basel, 1974, 108-130; Bibliotheca Sanetorum VII, 757-797.
146 Cf. J. Prolovic, John and Sokrat (y IIITaMIIH).
147 Ibid.
148 Cf. K. Wessel, Evangelistensymbole, in: RbKII, 508 sqq. (c MHO-
rHM rrpHMepHMa); G. Galavaris, The fllustrations ofthe Prefaces in Byzanti-
ne Gospels, Wien 1979, 36-49; Nelson, The Iconography ofPreface, 7 sq.,
112; Ea6H1i, Kpatbe8a "IpK8a, 67.
149
0 rrpe.n:CTaBaMajeBaljeJIHCTa y BIDllHI'HjCKOj YMeTHOCTH H0 IbH-
XOBOM IlopeKJIY H3 aHTHKe cf. A. M. Friend, Jr., The Portraits ofthe Evan-
gelists in Greek and Latin Manuscripts, I, Art Studies 5 (1927) 115-147; 7
(1929) 3-29; K. Weitzmann, Das klassische Erbe in der Kunst Konstanti-
nopels, Alte und neue Kunst 3/2 (1954) 41-59; idem, Geistige Grundlagen
und Wesen der Makedonischen Renaissance, K6ln 1963; idem, Classical
Heritage in Byzantine and Near Eastern Art, London 1981; C. Pa.n;ojqHli,
J[UK08U UHCuupucaHux, in: idem, TeKcW08U u ppecKe, HOBH Ca.n; 1965,
9-22; Hunger, Wessel, Evangelisten, 452 sqq.; J. Prolovic, Die Miniaturen
des sogenannten Dovolja-Tetraevangeliars (Belgrad, NBS, Rs, 638), JOB
45 (1995) 283 sqq.
150 B. J. l'IypHli, C. lllipKoBHIi, B. Kopah, IlehKa uaillpujapUluja,
Eeorpa.n;
IUmuh,6.
151 ToMHli, HHKomm, MaHacuja, T. CVII; ](IfBKOBHh, MaHacuja, I.
152 KepaMHOH IDXHjepanOJIHca rrpeHeT je y 968. TO.n;H-
He,y BpeMe Blla.n;e llapa H=4>opa <I>oKe (963-969).
153 Cf. J. Prolovic, Mandylion. Das "wahre Bild" Christi in der
byzantinischen Kunst (y IIITaMIIH).
JIHOH HKepaMHOH He CJIHKajy na TOM Mecry HJIH cy (aajxe-
mhe KepaMHOH) H30CTaBJI>eHH. IIpHTOM ce TOKOM BpeMeHa
Melbarra caao asoaorpadraja MaH,ll;HJIHOHa. ,l(OK je KO,n; CTa-
pHjHX npmrepa npeztcrana noztpaayaesana CJIHKY na sarer-
HYTOM IIJIaTHY, on XIII nexa aajxenrhe ce npasasyje xao CJIH-
xa na y6pycy 3aKaqeHOM na xpajesaaa, mTO je yqHlbeHo Hy
PeCaBH. rrpencraae MOry ce BH)l;eTH y MHorHM cprr-
CKHM I\pKBaMa, Meljy KojHMa cy HConohaaa (npencrasa aa
ynasy y nporesac), :>KwIa, Tpaxaaana, Boropozrana JbeBH-
mxa y IIpH3peRY, Boroponaxaaa I\pKBa y IIehH, ,l(eqaHH H
Marean. HajBaJKHHjH CrrOMeHHI\H Mopascxe Cpfinje noxa-
3yjyIIaK, KaO HHeKH ztpyra paaaja rrpastepa, ztaMaH,IJ;HJIHOH
y TO speae HMa HTaKBy axoaorparpajy, ana HoRY crapajy,
TaKO je y PaBaHHI\H y6pyc 3aTerHYT, ,n;OK y Kaneaahy, KaO y
PeCaBH, BHCH, sasasea aa KpajeBHMa.I
54
Ilpezrcrase jesaahenacra Hnepyxoraopeaax CJIHKa y
rroTKyrrOJIHOM npocropy npxaaa noce sanrecrpyxy CHM60-
JIHKy. JeBaHljeJIHCTH cy ,n;06HJIH MecTO H3Meljy He6a (xyno-
JIa) H3eMlbe (aaoc) KaO CaCTaB.JbaqH TeKCTOBa H0602 saee-
ilia, OHHX TeKCTOBa aa KojHMa noxaaa XpHmhaHCTBO, a xoje
je CaM Tocnon nocnao CHe6asa rsyzre aa qeTHpH crpaae CBe-
Ta. 3aTocy aYTOpH qeTHpH jesaahersa, KaO nocpenaana H3-
Meljy nefia H3eMlbe, npaxasaaa aa qeTHpH rraH,IJ;aHTH<pa. M
qy,n;OTBopHa HepYKoTBOpeHa CJIHKa, HCTO xao jeaaahersa, rro-
on Dora HCTBOpeHa je aa qOBeqaHCTBO. To cy nena DO-
)KHja, mTO y PeCaBH norsphyje Hnpencrasa Pyxe Tocuoon.e
H3Meljy cesepaax Hjysorax rraanaararpa; 1b0Mce na CHM60-
JIHqaH HaqHH H3paJKaBa craapanasxa caara DO)l(Hja. Ilpezr-
CTaBaMa jesaahenacra na rraH,ll;aHTH<pHMa H HepYKOTBOpe-
HHX CJIHKa H3Meljy IbHX, aa HCTOj BHCHHH, HCKa3aHa je y Pe-
CaBH Hje,n;HaKOCT H3Meljy pesa HCJIHKe I'ocnoznse. Tyjenaa-
KOCT H3pa3HO je y CBOM ztenyjour BacHJIHje BeJIHKH, yrrope-
ljyjyhHjeBaHlje.Jbe HCJIHKapcTBo.I
55
DpaHHTe.JbH HKOHa y no-
6a HKOHOKJIa3Ma HapOqHTO cy qeCTO HCTHI\arrH pe-
qHHCJIHKe KaO nena I'ocnomsax HCTOr saaaaja, npa qeMYje
aepyxorsopeaa CJIHKa ,n;06HJIa nocefiao MeCTO nonrro je rro-
THI\arra nenocpezmo on Dora. KOJIHKO cy, naxne, BaJKHa je-
BaHlje.Jba, y KojHMa je 3a6eJIe)KeHa pes XpHCToBa, TOJIHKO je
BaJKHa HHepYKOTBOpeHa CJIHKa, KOJOMje rrpaxasaaa lberOBa
HaCJIHKaHa pes, TeoJI03Hcy npa TOM HCTHI\arrH)];a xpamhaa-
CTBO rrOqHBa na 06e 're rrOCJIaHHI\e Focrroznse - ua pena Hna
CJIHI\H. Teonomxe pacnpase aamne cy onjexa Hy BH3aHTHj-
CKOj yMeTHOCTH, rra cy ce TaKO jeBaHljeJIHCTH HHepYKOTBO-
pene CJIHKe npaxasaaana na HCTOj BHCHHH Hjenaa nopen
npyrax y rrOTKyrrOJIHOM rrpOCTOpy.I
56
154 Cf. :lKHBKOBHh, COUOhaHU, 29, 42; Ea6Hh,Kpanseea upxea, 77,
cll.22, 18;E.
uauu, Beorpazt 2005, 338, err. 260; B. P. IIeTKOBHll, n. EOillKOBHll, Mana-
csuupIleuauu, Beorpan 1941, II, 29; :lKHBKOBHh, Pa6aHUlIQ, 4/4; )J(HBKO-
BHll, Kaneuuh, 6.
155 PG 31, 489A, 509 A.
156 Cf. Prolovic, Mandylion.
The Decorative Program of the Domes and Area under the Domes
in the Church of the Monastery Resava
Jadranka Prolovic
Because the dome is interpreted as a symbol of the
heavens, it is reserved for heavenly subjects. The calotte of
the dome is seen as a vault of heaven or "heaven in the
heavens" and, as such, as the "house of Christ". As the
commentator in the 19th century reports, the image ofChrist
Pantokrator was once located at the zenith of the central
dome ofResava. The preserved scenes and figures below the
dome, specifically the heavenly liturgy and the prophets,
confirm the original existence of this image. Together they
build an iconology that was very widespread in late Byzan-
tine art. The composition of the central dome of Resava
resembles in its complete appearance, supported by some
particularities, the central dome of Ravanica, which served
as a model for the artists of Resava. One can find close
parallels for the decoration of the side domes in Ravanica.
The similar arrangement ofheavenly powers in the tambours
of the domes in Ravanica and Resava indicate that, like in
Ravanica, Christ Emmanuel, the Age ofDays, the Mother of
God and the Archangel Michael could have been depicted in
the zenith of the side domes of Resava. This type of deco-
rative scheme in side domes is common in late Byzantine
monumental painting.
The remaining fragments with images of angels as
deacons positioned in the ring around the zenith ofthe central
dome show that the Heavenly Liturgy was depicted here,
specifically the Large Entrance which, aside from the
communion, was the only part of the liturgy visible to the
faithful. In Resava, the Heavenly Liturgy is completed by the
images of crowds of angels, which are portrayed in the
tambours ofthe side domes. The liturgical hymns that accom-
pany these images ofangels confirmthis order. The rendering
of orders of angels in the tambours of the side domes in
Resava comply with the traditional program in which these
heavenly beings - who being closest to God, who were his
first creations and the only to whom a look in the heavenly
spheres is always possible - are depicted in His nearest
proximity in the dome as a symbol of heaven. The different
clothing of the anthropomorphic angels and the differently
fashioned robes of the other heavenly beings show that the
painter wanted to illustrate the heavenly court with God's
heavenly hosts and their hierarchical order. According to
Pseudo-Dionysios Areopagites, the hierarchy was composed
of nine ranks. It was the top levels of the heavenly army and
guard that protect the throne ofthe Pantokrator and that serve
as mediators between heavenly power and humans. With
these depictions ofheavenly beings in the tambours ofthe side
domes in Resava, the visions of the prophets, who in seldom
moments could see these beings, are illustrated.
The twenty-four prophets, who have received their
symbolic location underneath the Heavenly Liturgy in the
spaces between the windows in the tambour, complete the
iconographic program of the central dome. The prophets of 149
150
the Old Testament could sometimes look upon God, as they
report in their writings. For this reason they were arranged in
the tambour ofthe dome directly beneath the depiction ofthe
heavenly world, which can be seen in the calotte surrounding
the Pantokrator. With this symbolic placement, the prophets
connect Heaven and the heavenly world with the Earth and the
earthly world. Accordingly, they link the heavenly and godly
nature of Christ with his human nature. Here in Resava, all
four major and twelve minor prophets who composed their
own works are depicted. Also Elijah and Eliseus, who even
though they wrote nothing serve as major prophets, were
shown here in the tambour. Samuel, Zacharias, Aaron and
Moses, who represent the prefiguration of Christ as the High
and Eternal Priest, are also depicted. Furtherly, their arran-
gement expresses a hierarchy among the prophets. Those who
are more important and whose work is more often used in the
liturgy received a space in the upper register. Selected
quotations from the works of the prophets written on their
scrolls summarize the most important themes of Christian
philosophy and Christian belief. These quotations had, for the
large part, also been incorporated into the liturgy. This fact is
to be coupled with not only the depiction of the Heavenly
Liturgy on the zenith ofthe dome but also with the Liturgy of
the Holy Fathers in the apse ofthe church, as well as with the
liturgy performed daily in the church, which itself is in turn
modelled on the Heavenly Liturgy. Most of the quotations
were dedicated to holy days on which the appearance of God
and of the Holy Trinity are expressed. One of these is
Pentecost, which the church at Resava especially celebrated.
The quotations further emphasize the suffering of Christ on
the cross and particularly the Anastasis. The prophets depicted
suggest not only the Messiah; they also emphasize the
importance of the Mother of God, of John the Baptist, and
furtherly ofthe apostles and priests as successors ofJesus. John
Prodromos is shown by his presence and by the quotation in the
hand of his father, Zacharias. With their symbols, the Old
Testament priests point out the role ofthe Mother ofGod in the
mystery ofthe Incarnation and the Salvation of Man. They are
not only as prefigurations of Christ present, but also as the Old
Testament predecessors of the apostles and their priestly
followers, who continued the work ofChrist through which the
church survives. The depictions ofthe prophets and the quota-
tions in their hands contribute with certainty to the painted
themes that are illustrated in the lower zone ofthe church. It is
important to note, that they do not always stand directly above
their corresponding scene. The central dome ofResava was too
complicated for this kind of arrangement that is often found in
Byzantine chuches. All other symbolic relationships are ho-
wever presented in superior style in the central dome ofResava.
The surfaces beneath the four side domes and most
likely those of both upper windows in the south wall of the
diakonikon and the north wall of the prothesis of Resava
were probably primarily decorated with the ancestors of
Christ and the Righteous. Their presence is to be interpreted
symbolically as a confirmation of the earthly life of Christ
and furtherly suggest the Incarnation and the roles of Christ
as priest and king, which can be followed through the gene-
rations ofhis human ancestors. These figures also stand for a
connection between the New and Old Testaments.
In the central dome of Resava, the evangelists are
arranged in the pendentives while renderings of the man-
dylion and keramion (east and west) and of the blessing
Hand ofGod (north and south) cover the surfaces in between.
The evangelists are placed in this position starting in the 11th
century at the latest. In the late Byzantine period, the evan-
gelists became almost exclusively decoration for the penden-
tives; the church of Resava is such a typical example.
The arrangement ofthe evangelists on the pendentives
ofResava demonstrate not only the relationship between the
evangelists themselves, but also between their works. Thus,
as direct disciples of Christ, the evangelists Matthew and
John received their positions on the eastern pendentives. The
relatedness of their works are further expressed through this
arrangement. Luke and Mark received the less prominent
positions on the western pendentives of the central dome.
The evangelists are depicted in the same placement in many
domed churches from the Palaiologian era in the entire
Byzantine area of influence.
With the exception of John, all of the evangelists in
Resava are shown with the personification ofHeavenly Wis-
dom, which is depicted symbolically as a young woman
according to models from Antiquity. John receives the super-
natural power as rays directly from heaven and dictates to his
pupil Prochoros. Aside from the evangelists themselves,
their heavenly symbols are also located in Resava, which,
along with the Gospel, glide from the Hand of God out of a
heaven segment. Similar depictions of the evangelists with
personifications ofHeavenly Wisdom, heaven segments and
the symbols of the evangelists were quite popular in late
Palaiologian times.
As already mentioned, the ''true images" of Christ are
located in the areas between the pendentives. As it was
produced through direct contact with the face ofthe Saviour,
the mandylion serves as proof for the human features of
Christ and confirms his human incarnation. All ofthe charac-
teristics of the mandylion are naturally reflected in the copy
of the keramion. Because of their meaning, both of these
"true images", of which the first depictions are pre-ico-
noclastic, became one of the most important symbols of
Christian art. After iconoclasm, depictions of the acheiro-
poietoi from Edessa proliferated; the mandylion was the
more prevalent object of the arts. As a consequence of
theological debates and a changing image program in the
arcades beneath dome during the 11th century, the man-
dylion and keramion were moved to the area between the
pendentives and are hardly missing from this location in any
domed church from this point on.
The depictions of the evangelists and of both ''true
images" in the vaulting directly under the dome have a deep
symbolic meaning. As the authors ofthe Gospels, upon whose
works Christianity is based, they received this space between
Earth (naos) and Heaven (dome). Like the Atlas of Antiquity,
they carry the word (evangelium) of Christ, which was spread
directly from God through the four Gospels to the people on the
four sides ofthe world His image, which Christ sent to Abgar
and which, like the word, possesses a supernatural power, also
comes directly from God. In Resava, the creative power ofGod
is presented symbolically in the form of His hand The
arrangement ofthe evangelists and both ''true images" express a
very important equation between the word and the image of
Christ. This parallel has occupied Christian theorists from the
beginning; already Basil the Great explained "What the word of
historic writing brings to the ears, painting shows silently
through the image". During and after iconoclasm, theologians
especially emphasized the word and image as equally important
methods ofproclamation. Thus, the Gospels, through which the
written word of God is communicated, are equal to the ''true
images", which convey the unwritten word ofChrist. As can be
learned from the teachings ofChristian theorists, Christianity is
based upon both of these, the word and the image. The
theoretical occupation with this aspect is reflected in the arts as
well, to the extent that the evangelists and the ''true images" are
positioned next to each other in the decorative program of
Byzantine churches. This arrangement became typical for these
surfaces and can be continually followed in domed churches
starting in the 11th century.