English presentation, Aborigines

Australia, officially the Commonwealth of Australia, is a country in the Southern Hemisphere comprising the mainland of the Australian continent, the island of Tasmania and numerous smaller islands in the Indian and Pacific Oceans. Neighbouring countries include Indonesia, East Timor and Papua New Guinea to the north, the Solomon Islands, Vanuatu and New Caledonia to the northeast and New Zealand to the southeast. Canberra is the capital, but Sydney is the largest. The population of Australia, is 22, 486 628 million people. The total area of Australia, is 7,617,930 km2 For at least 40,000 years before European settlement in the late 18th century, Australia was inhabited by indigenous Australians, who belonged to one or more of the roughly 250 language groups. After discovery by Dutch explorers in 1606, Australia's eastern half was claimed by Britain in 1770 and initially settled through penal transportation to the colony of New South Wales, formally founded on 7 February 1788 (although formal possession of the land had occurred on 26 January 1788). The population grew steadily in subsequent decades; the continent was explored and an additional five self-governing Crown Colonies were established.

Australian Aborigines are a class of people who are identified by Australian law as being members of a race indigenous to the Australian continent. In the High Court of Australia, Australian Aborigines have been specifically identified as a group of people who share, in common, biological ancestry back to the original occupants of the continent. Justice Deane of the High Court famously described and defined an Australian Aboriginal person as "a person of Aboriginal descent, albeit mixed, who identifies himself as such and who is recognized by the Aboriginal community as an Aboriginal.

Most Aboriginal today understands English and are often bilingual, but there are still a few who only speak the native language. Originally spoken Australian indigenous around 250 different languages that are now reduced to around 130. Each tribe had its own language and it was used sign language to communicate across tribes. The classification of Australian languages is uncertain. Mon groups like the languages spoken in the north and northwest into several small families, while those who paid the entire remaining part of Australia as a group. This relationship is still by no means proven. Today there are only about 20 languages that are still widely in use, and even fewer who continue to children. Knowledge of the remaining Aboriginal languages is rapidly reduced and is endangered. There are currently about 517 000 Aboriginal in Australia, spread throughout the country.

In between 40 000 to 60 000, the Aborigines came to Australia from South-East Asia, and is then the oldest indigenous people in the world. Modern research with mtDNA, also, Mitochondrial DNA or mtDNA is DNA found in mitochondria, which is part of all cells in the body. Mitochondria provide energy (in the form of adenosine triphosphate, also known as ATP) to the cell and can therefore be called the individual cell's power plants. Thats how they found out so much info about when they were born, so they has revealed that aborigines are not particularly closely related to the people of Polynesia, but rather closely related to the people of Melanesia. Based on evidence from DNA research has also been speculated that they may be related to certain groups of people in India. Aborigines subsisted in the first place probably by hunting large game. Their arrival in Australia had an immediate and dramatic effect on vegetation and wildlife. In the course of a few thousand years, all animals with body weight greater than a human, with the exception of the saltwater crocodile, extinct. Of the surviving animals survived only the smaller individuals, so that the current forms are considerably less than they were before aborigines immigration. Hunting form of setting fire to vegetation to hunt smaller animals has affected the plant life significantly. In the aftermath of colonization was growing

population, but aboriginals remained hunters and gatherers, and never developed any kind of agriculture. Australia's nature, not plant species suitable for domestication and nature do not have high enough production to sustain the required population density.

Boomerang is a search tool that is associated with Aboriginal. This is a carved piece of wood, shaped like a bow. The Hunting Boomerang was large and could kill a bird at 200 meters, but did not return. The boomerang that comes back, they will only be used in competitions and games. Atlatl or womera is a tool to throw javelins. The Atlatl consists of a stick, about as long as under the arm of javelin thrower, with a small hook or cup in the end. Javelin thrower holds the opposite end to grip and throw the spear is placed so that it is parallel to the atlatl, with the back of the cup. When the spear is thrown, the atlatl works as an extension of the caste's arm so that the spear is getting a much higher speed than is possible by throwing hand. The didgeridoo is a wind instrument developed by Indigenous Australians of northern Australia at least 1,500 years ago and is still in widespread usage today both in Australia and around the world. It is sometimes described as a natural wooden trumpet or "drone pipe". Musicologists classify it as a brass aero phone. Aboriginal believes in something called "Dream time." This condition consists of the world before man was created and was natural. "Dreaming" is something that happens in connection with "Dream time." When a Aborigines is born he or she is his own totem, a carved piece of wood. Totem will be placed where the mother had her first spiritual sign that she was pregnant. In addition, the totem spirit of what is close to the person. "Dreamtime" is that it is one that has created everything and given everything to its natural place in life. All people are part of nature and that nature is part of the people. Everything in nature is sacred.

Addictions and alcoholism are common. Especially young people sniff gasoline and alcohol abuse. About 15% of those in prisons in Australia are Aboriginal and 25% of those who die in police custody are Aboriginal.