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Design of Shear Wall
Design of Shear Wall
Design of Shear Wall
Shear wall
Shear walls
1 2 3 4 5 6 7 Resist lateral load in shear Resist load only parallel to wall Wood studs with plywood Metal studs with plywood Reinforced Concrete wall Reinforced CMU wall Un-reinforced brick wall (not allowed in seismic areas) Reinforced 2-wythe brick wall Party walls - double studs for 65 STC (STC = Sound Transmission Coefficient)
Shear wall
1 2 3 4 Note:
Shear walls resist only lateral load parallel to wall One-way shear walls collapse @ perpendicular load Eccentric shear walls cause torsion Concentric shear walls resist torsion Walls in 4 are offset but provide concentric support
1 2 3 4 5 6 Note:
X-direction concentric, Y-direction eccentric X-direction eccentric, Y-direction eccentric X-direction concentric, Y-direction concentric X-direction concentric, Y-direction concentric X-direction concentric, Y-direction concentric X-direction concentric, Y-direction concentric 5 is better than 6 to resist torsion
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Four two-story units over concrete garage 12 concrete slab on columns at 30x30 provides 3-hour fire separation between garage and residential units above Concrete slab designed for of 300 psf allows wood framing anywhere regardless of column locations Double stud party walls for 65 STC sound rating (STC = Sound Transmission Coefficient = sound rating)
Shear wall
Shear wall
Rear
Front
Critical code issues Check BEFORE design Occupancy Type of Construction Means of Egress Fire Resistance Area Limitations Height Limitations
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Parking 30 parking module 15 wall module 17 wall module if required by local ordinance 12 two-way structural slab designed for 300 psf allows wood walls at any location 12 slab also provides 3 hour fire rating required by code Concrete slab requires drop panels or beams to resist shear stress 12 column for one-story parking and up to 3-story wood framing
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The project size required separation by 2-hr fire walls to comply with area limits
Copyright Prof Schierle 2012 10
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Slanted party walls screen ocean clare Sun shades, planters, and party walls provide privacy
200 housing units Combined shear wall & concrete frame: Shear walls provide stiffness Concrete frames provide ductility for seismic safety
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Shear wall
A Vertical bars (max. 4 ft or 6 x wall thickness B Horizontal bars (max. 4 ft in seismic areas) C Bars around wall openings, extending min. 24 or 40 bar diameters beyond opening D Horizontal bars @ wall base and top E Bars at structural floors and roof F Spacing of bar sizes # 3 to # 7 G Wall thickness Rebar Bar # #3 #4 #5 #6 #7
Shear wall Copyright Prof Schierle 2012
Horizontal Diaphragms transfer lateral load to shear walls and other elements two ways 1 Flexible diaphragm (wood) transfers in proportion to tributary area. Wall reactions are: R = w (tributary area supported by wall) w = uniform load 2 Rigid diaphragm (concrete & steel) transfers in proportion to wall stiffness. Reactions for walls of equal material: R1 = WL13 / L3 (L3 = L13+L23+L33) R2 = WL23 / L3 R3 = WL33 / L3 where L = Lengths of walls W = Total load supported by all walls
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0.50 = 6345 / 12690 0.33 = 4230 / 12690 0.17 = 2115 / 12690 Vx = Fx V2 = 53 k V1 = 88 k V0 = 106 k V = 106 k A = 10,200 ft2 v0 = 10.4 psf v1 = 8.6 psf v2 = 5.2 psf
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+ 53 + 88
Wall design (Use Structural I plywood) Note: to simplify, select only two wall types
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Level 0 (v0 = 10.4 psf) Wall A = 10.4 psf (15) 30/12= 390 plf use 5/16, 6d @ 3 = 390 plf Wall B = 10.4 psf (19) 30/24= 247 plf use 7/16, 8d @ 6 = 255 plf Wall C = 10.4 psf (34) 15/30= 177 plf use 5/16, 6d @ 6 = 200 plf Wall D = 10.4 psf (34) 30/30= 354 plf use 3/8, 8d @ 4 = 360 plf Level 1 (v1 = 8.6 psf) Wall A = 8.6 psf (15) 30/12= 323 plf Wall B = 8.6 psf (19) 30/24= 204 plf Wall C = 8.6 psf (34) 15/30= 146 plf Wall D = 8.6 psf (34) 30/30= 292 plf Level 2 (v2 = 5.2 psf) Wall A = 5.2 psf (15) 30/12 =195 plf Wall B = 5.2 psf (19) 30/24 =124 plf Wall C = 5.2 psf (34) 15/30 = 89 plf Wall D = 5.2 psf (34) 30/30 =177 plf
Shear wall Copyright Prof Schierle 2012
use 15/32, 10d@6= 340 plf use 3/8, 8d @ 6 = 230 plf use 5/16, 6d @ 6 = 200 plf use 5/16, 6d @ 4 = 300 plf use 5/16, 6d @ 6 = 200 plf use 5/16, 6d @ 6 = 200 plf use 5/16, 6d @ 6 = 200 plf use 5/16, 6d @ 6 = 200 plf
Assume: Seismic factor CS =0.17 Allowable masonry shear stress Structural walls DL Length of walls 12 (30)+14 (12)+8 (24) DL = (720) 8(7.625/12) 120 pcf/[(68) 150] Floor/roof (12 slab) Miscellaneous DL Dead load DL / level: W = 200 psf x 68 x 150/ 1000 DL at 3 Levels: W = 3 x 2040 k
Base shear (CS times 1.5 for ASD masonry shear per IBC 2106.5.1) V=1.5 CS W V = 1.5 x 0.17 W = 0.26 x 6120 0.50 = 55080 / 110160 0.33 = 36720 / 110160 0.17 = 18360 / 110160
V = 1591 k
Vertical force distribution Fx= (V - Ft ) wx hx / (wi hi) = Fx Vx = Fx hx = wx hx / (wi hi) V Level wx 796 k Level 2: 2040 k x 27 = 55080 k 0.50 x 1591 = 796 k Level 1: 2040 k x 18 = 36720 k 0.33 x 1591 = 525 k + 796 = 1321 k Level 0: 2040 k x 9 = 18360 k 0.17 x 1591 = 270 k + 1321 = 1591 k V = 1591 k wihI = 110160 k
Shear wall Copyright Prof Schierle 2012 21
Fv = 85 psi
R = L x3 / L i3
B walls R = (12)3 / [(12)3 +(24)3] C walls R = (24)3 / [(12)3 +(24)3] Wall cross section areas: A walls = 12(30)12(7.625) B walls = 14(12)12(7.625) C walls = 8(24)12(7.625) Level 0 (V0 = 1591 k) Wall A = (1591) 1000 / 32940 Wall B = (1591) 1000 (0.11) / 15372 Wall C = (1591) 1000 (0.89) / 17568 Level 1 (V1 = 1321 k) Wall A = (1321) 1000 / 32940 Wall B = (1321) 1000 (0.11) / 15372 Wall C = (1321) 1000 (0.89) / 17568 Level 2 (V2 = 796 k) Wall A = (796) 1000 / 32940 Wall B = (796) 1000 (0.11) / 15372 Wall C = (796) 1000 (0.89) / 17568
Copyright Prof Schierle 2012
R= 0.11 R= 0.89 A = 32940 in2 B = 15372 in2 C = 17568 in2 48 psi < 85 19 psi < 85 81 psi < 85 40 psi < 85 10 psi < 85 67 psi < 85 24 psi < 85 6 psi < 85 40 psi < 85
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From last slide: Level 2 V2 = 796 k Level 1 V1 = 1321 k Level 0 V0 = 1591 k Base shear V = 1591 k
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Park City Village 1981 (Olympic Village 2002) wood shear walls
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Park City Village 1981 (Olympic Village 2002) wood shear walls
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