Port Timing

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Table of contents

1. 2. 1. 2. 1. 2. 3. 1. 2. 3. 1. 1. 2.

1. The Variables 2. The Calculations 2.1. Port Distance in Relation to Crank Centre 2.2. Calculating New Exhaust Timings 2.2.1. Open ATDC 2.2.2. Close ABDC 2.3. Calculating Transfer Timings 2.3.1. Open ATDC 2.3.2. Closing ABDC 3. Vespa KDX Port Timings 3.1.1. Exhaust: 3.1.2. Transfer: This shows the conversion between standard KDX 200 port timing and the Vespa KDX port timing.

The Variables
1997 KDX 200 Specs (Note: This was information given to me and I am not sure how accurate it is) Exhaust: Open ATDC: 86 deg Close ABDC: 94 deg Total duration: 188 deg Transfer: Open ATDC: 117 deg Close ABDC: 62 deg Total duration: 125 deg ATDC (After Top Dead Centre) ABDC (After Bottom Dead Centre) Here are the differences: KDX 200 Stroke = 58mm Vespa KDX Stroke = 60mm (cylinder raised 1mm to compensate) KDX 200 Conrod Length = 109mm Vespa KDX Stroke = 110mm

The Calculations
To calculate the port timing, we can treat the problem as a triangle and use a calculator such as Irregular Triangle Calculator to work out the new values. Here is what the diagram below represents: a = conrod length b = stroke radius (i.e. half stroke) c = distance from port to crank centre (our reference point) A = angle (e.g. ATDC)

Port Distance in Relation to Crank Centre

To do the calculations we first need to work out the unknown for the KDX 200, which is "c" the distance from the port to the crank centre. Exhaust Open ATDC: 86 deg

A = 86 deg a = 109mm b = 29mm c = 107.11mm (calculated using Irregular Triangle Calculator) Transfer Open ATDC: 117 deg c = 92.72mm (calculated using Irregular Triangle Calculator) Transfer Close ABDC: 62 deg A = 118 deg (i.e. 180 deg - 62 deg) c = 92.34mm (calculated using Irregular Triangle Calculator) Then for the Vespa KDX we can adjust the parameters and calculate stuff...

Calculating New Exhaust Timings

Open ATDC a = 110mm (Vespa conrod length) b = 30mm (longer stroke radius) c = 108.11mm (new distance from crank centre: old distance +1mm) A = 86 deg (calculated using Irregular Triangle Calculator 85.69 rounded up) Close ABDC The exhaust port is symetrical, so the close will be a mirror image of the open and (in this case) 4 degrees above the horizontal. A = 94 deg

Calculating Transfer Timings

Open ATDC a = 110mm (Vespa conrod length) b = 30mm (longer stroke radius) c = 93.72mm (new distance from crank centre: old distance +1mm) A = 115 deg (calculated using Irregular Triangle Calculator 115.45 rounded down) Closing ABDC a = 110mm (Vespa conrod length) b = 30mm (longer stroke radius) c = 93.34mm (new distance from crank centre: old distance +1mm)

A = 64 deg (calculated using Irregular Triangle Calculator 116.37 rounded down 180)

Vespa KDX Port Timings

Exhaust: Open ATDC: 86 deg Close ABDC: 94 deg Total duration: 188 deg So for the exhaust port timing the Vespa KDX is the same as standard KDX 200. Transfer: Open ATDC: 115 deg Close ABDC: 64 deg Total duration: 129 deg So for the transfer port timing the Vespa KDX is 4 degrees more