Pudukkottai

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This article is about the municipality in Tamil Nadu, India. For its namesake district, see Pudukkottai district.

Pudukkottai
town

A Road in Pudukkottai

Pudukkottai Location in Tamil Nadu, India

Coordinates: Country State District Elevation

10.38N 78.82ECoordinates: India Tamil Nadu Pudukkottai 87.78 m (287.99 ft) Population (2011)

10.38N 78.82E

Total Density

1,48,215 7,319.26/km2(18,956.8/sq mi) Languages

Official Time zone PIN Telephone code Vehicle registration Sex ratio Website

Tamil IST (UTC+5:30) 622 xxx 04322 TN 55 995 per 1000 males / www.pudukkottai.co.in

Pudukkottai is a town and a municipality in Pudukkottai district in the Indian state of Tamil Nadu. Pudukkottai District was carved out ofTiruchirappalli and Thanjavur districts in January 1974. It is the administrative headquarters of Pudukkottai District. The well known Tamil actor Gemini Ganesan was born in Pudukkotai.

History]

Coin of the Roman emperor Augustusfound at the Pudukottai hoard. British Museum.

The coat of arms of Pudukkottai state

Puddukotai Durbar painted by Raja Ravi Varma

Revenue stamp issued by the princely state of Pudukkottai with a portrait of Martanda Bhairava Tondaiman

Thondaiman dynasty[edit]

Thondaiman King in his Durbar, Pudukkottai, 1858.

The princely state of Pudukottai was created by Raghunatha Thondaiman. Raghunatha Kilavan Setupati of Ramnad (16731708 A.D.) married Kathali Nachiar, the sister of Thondaiman. He appointed his brother-in-law, Raghunatha Thondaiman, as a chief of the district of Pudukottai. Raghunatha Thondaiman earlier had ruled Thirumayam. In appreciation of Raghunatha Thondaiman's services, Raghunatha Kilavan Setupati gave Pudukkottai as an honour for his services. In later centuries, the Thondaiman rulers, while nominally feudatories of the Ramnad state, often pursued an independent foreign policy, a trend common in all parts of India at that time. After the death of Raghunatha Kilavan Setupati Raghunatha Thondaiman become ruler of Pudukottai. After becoming the ruler of Pudukottai, Thondaiman fought against the Nayaks of Tanjore in support of the Nayaks of Madurai and conquered Thirukkattupalli, a very important place. Then there was a direct clash between the Thondaimans of Pudukottai and the Nayaks, rulers of Tanjore. Thondaiman conquered the west of Thirukkattupalli. The next ruler, Raja Vijaya Reghunatha Raya Thondaiman, helped the Arcot Nawab against Hyder Ali, the ruler of Mysore. He was also loyal to the British Government. After some time, when Hyder Alis army tried to enter Pudukkottai, Thondaiman's army defeated them and drove Hyders army away. Thondaiman captured Kilanilai and Aranthangi. He helped the British government against Tipu Sultan. Pudukkotai finally came under formal British protection. This was arguably unavoidable, since the Thondaimans were much menaced in that period by a resurgent Mysore, ruled by Hyder Ali and Tipu Sultan. When Tipu Sultan sought to leverage the power of the French against his Britishadversaries, Pudukkotai, in common with its neighbours, such as Thanjavur and Travancore, found it expedient to ally with the British. Raja Rajagopala Thondaiman (19281948), the last and ninth in the line of Thondaiman rulers, was selected by the British Government and was crowned when he was six years old. After Indian independence in 1947, the Pudukkottai Princely State was amalgamated with the Indian Union on April 3, 1948 and became a division in Tiruchirappalli district. The long history of the Thondaimans' rule came to an end.

List of Thondaiman Kings[edit]

Flag of Pudukkottai.

Raghunatha Raya Tondaiman (16861730) Vijaya Raghunatha Raya Tondaiman (17301769) Raya Raghunatha Tondaiman (1769 Dec 1789) Vijaya Raghunatha Tondaiman (Dec 1789 1 February 1807) Vijaya Raghunatha Raya Tondaiman (1 February 1807 June 1825) Raghunatha Tondaiman (June 1825 13 July 1839) Ramachandra Tondaiman (13 July 1839 15 April 1886) Marthanda Bhairava Tondaiman (15 April 1886 28 May 1928) Rajagopala Tondaiman (28 October 1928 4 March 1948)

Princely state[edit]
Main article: Princely State of Pudukottai Pudukkottai became a princely state of British India under the political authority of Madras Presidency. The state had an area of 4663 Sq.miles and in 1901, a population of 380,000. The Rajas of Pudukkotai were entitled to an 17-gun salute.

Post-independence[edit]

Pudukkottai District Court

The last Thondaiman raja of Pudukkottai acceded to newly-independent India in 1948, and the state became a division of Tiruchirappalli District of Madras State. The state was reorganised twice in the succeeding decade, taking its present form in 1956; it was renamed Tamil Nadu in 1968. On 14 January 1974, the present Pudukkottai District was formed from parts of Tiruchirappalli and Thanjavur districts.

Geography and climate[edit]

The state consists mainly of an undulating plain, nowhere of great fertility and in many parts barren; it is interspersed with rocky hills, especially in the southwest. Granite and laterite are quarried, red ochre is worked, and silk and cotton fabrics, bell-metal vessels and perfumes are among the principal manufactures. There is also some export trade in groundnuts and tanning bark.

Summer

Winter

Max. 38 C (100 F) 34 C (93 F)

Min. 21 C (70 F) 18 C (64 F)

Tourist places[edit]

Government Museum, Thirukkokarnam, Pudukkottai New Pool (Pudhu Kulam) Sithanavasal (Famous for cave paintings) Kudimiyanmalai Thirumayam Narthamalai Sastharkovil (Preserving Deities) Anna Pannai Avudaiyarkoil (Temple of Athmanatha, utsavamurti of the temple is Manikkavasakar) Thirugokarnam (It is the tutelary deity of Thondaiman rulers of Pudukkottai.) Kodumbalur (ancient place mentioned in Silappadikaram) Avur (The old chapel here was constructed in 1547 A.D. by Father John Venantius Bouchet) St. Santhanamatha church amaradakki.

St. Sabastiyar church kolendiram. Setti kulam Alangudi.

Infrastructure[edit]
Roadways[edit]
Pudukkottai Revenue District is spread over an area of 4649.93 km2. The Highways Department is maintaining 3550.95 km of Government roads as abstracted below:

Pudukkottai Road Network

Class

Length (km)

National Highways/Expressways

148.40

State Highways

278.40

Corporation and Municipalities Road

125.75

Panchayat Union and Panchayat Road

2998.40

Town Panchayat and Townships Road

Nil

Others (Forest Roads)

Nil

Total (approx)

3550.95

List of highways passing pudukkottai

Highway No.

Name of the state highway

Length

NH-210

160 km Trichy - Pudukkottai - Tirumayam Karaikkudi - Devakottai - Devipattinam -

Ramanathapuram

NH-226

Thanjavur - Gandharvakottai Pudukkottai - Thirumayam 144 km Kilasevalpatti - Tirupattur - Madagupatti - Sivaganga - Manamadurai

SH-26

Trichy - Pudukottai - Aranthangi Mimisal Road

Musiri - Kulithalai - Manapparai SH- Pudukottai - Alangudi 119.9 km 156.4 km 71 Peravoorani - Sethubavachatram Road

Railways[edit]
This district has 84 Kilometers of Broad gauge railway lines with 12 Railway stations connecting Pudukkottai to Major centres in the state like Chennai,Trichy, Karaikudi, Rameswaram and Tirunelveli. Pudukkottai District is well served by the Trichy Railway Junction which has been connected by long distance express trains. Pudukkottai district also have part of karaikudi-mayiladuthurai line which is under gauge conversion. There is a demand for direct train from Coimbatore to Rameswaram via Pudukottai.

Port and Airport[edit]

The nearest seaport for this district is Tuticorin, which is situated 350 km from this district. The nearest Airport is Tiruchirapalli Airport, which is about 50 km and Madurai Airport, which is about 95 km from Pudukkottai.

Transportation[edit]
Railway - Trains passing Pudukkottai station[edit]
Train no. Train name Arrival Departure Operates Towards

16714

Rameswaram-Chennai Egmore (Sethu) Express

0:29

0:30

Daily

Trichy

14259

Rameswaram-Varanasi Weekly Express

2:56

2:57

Thursday Trichy

16701

Chennai Egmore-Rameswaram (Boat Mail) Express 6:24

6:25

Daily

Karaikkudi

76830

Karaikkudi-Trichy DEMU

7:25

7:27

Daily

Trichy

56829

Tiruchchirappalli-Rameswaram Passenger

7:28

7:30

Daily

Karaikkudi

76805

Manargudi-Tiruchchirappalli-Manamadurai DEMU 11:00

11:01

Daily

Karaikkudi

18495

Rameswaram-Bhubaneshwar Weekly Express

12:19

12:20

Sunday

Trichy

76808

Manamadurai-Tiruchchirappalli-Manargudi DEMU 15:45

15:46

Daily

Trichy

18496

Bhubaneswar-Rameswaram Weekly Express

18:14

18:15

Saturday Karaikkudi

56830

Rameswaram-Tiruchchirappalli Passenger

19:18

19:20

Daily

Trichy

14260

Varanasi-Rameswaram Express

19:23

19:25

Tuesday Karaikkudi

76831

Tiruchchirapalli-Karaikkudi Passenger

19:28

19:30

Daily

Karaikkudi

16702

Rameswaram-Chennai Egmore (Boat Mail) Express 21:14

21:15

Daily

Trichy

16713

Chennai Egmore-Rameswaram (Sethu) Express

23:44

23:45

Daily

Karaikkudi

As on 2 April 2013 Source : indiarailinfo.com

Mofussil bus service[edit]

There are frequent bus services from Pudukkottai to:

Tiruchchirapalli Thanjavur Madurai Manapparai Aranthangi Karaikkudi Devakkottai Pattukkottai

Ponnamaravathy Rameswaram Chennai Kumbakonam

And also services available to(Not frequent):

Coimbatore Vellore Salem Pazhani Dindigul Karur Nagarcoil Chidambaram Velankanni Pollachi Mayiladuthurai Erode Sathiyamangalam Anthiyur Tiruvannamalai Kamudhi Sivagangai Sayalkudi Tiruchendur

Economy[edit]

A Paddy field in RegunathapuramVillage of Pudukkottai district

The SIPCOT Industrial Complex is located on Trichy - Rameswaram National Highways (NH 210). This Industrial complex is well connected by Road, Rail and Air. It was established in 1980. The allotment of land commenced in 1982 to accommodate Engineering and General Industries. The total extent of complex area is 421.10 acres (1.7041 km2).

Agriculture[edit]
Pudukkottai district is predominantly an agricultural oriented district. Generally a dry and hot climate prevails in this district and this district's agricultural production depends mainly on the rainfall. The normal annual rainfall of Pudukkottai district is 922.8 mm. Out of which 52.2 mm is received in winter, 124.6 mm is received in hot weather period, 351.9 mm is received during South West Monsoon and 394.1 mm is received in North East Monsoon. Recently Tamil Nadu Agricultural University started Diploma college in agriculture at Kudimiyanmalai with a strength of approximately 50 students including girls.

Irrigation[edit]
There are 5,385 irrigation tanks available in this district, of which 172 tanks are system tanks fed by Grand Anaikat Channel and the remaining are rain fed tanks. There are about 55,137 wells in the district catering an area of 7791 Ha.

Major Crops[edit]
Paddy is the major crop of this district. 90000 Ha. of area is covered under paddy, out of which 135000 Ha. of area is fed with Cauvery Mettur Project through G.A. canal. The remaining area is well and tank fed. The present productivity level is 4.985 Mt. of Paddy /Ha.Other than Paddy, Groundnut is the major crop in this district which is mainly cultivated under rain fed condition. Groundnut is being cultivated in 36000 Ha. as rain fed crop and 8000 Ha. under irrigated condition Millet, Pulse, Cotton, Sugarcane, Gingelly are the other crops cultivated in this district.

Important religious structures in Pudukkottai District[edit]

Sri Muththumariyamman Temple, Manavanallur, Aranthangi, pudukkottai Sri Meyyar ayyanar Temble Erichy,(Narpavala vadavayal) Arulmigu kasivisvanathar Temple Erichy Sri Anadhavalli Soliswerer Temple SATHIYAMANGLAM ,Pudukkottai Sri Sanglikarupper Temple SATHIYAMANGLAM ,Pudukkottai Sri Ariyakarupper Temple NarathamalaiSATHIYAMANGLAM,Pudukkottai Sri Muthumariyamman Temple NarathamalaiSATHAIYAMANGLAM NADU,Pudukkottai

Sri Theethapper Temple SATHIYAMANGLAM,Pudukkottai Sri Sonakarupper Temple SATHIYAMANGLAM,Pudukkottai Sri Velayee Amman Temple,pilaviduthi,karambakkudi,pudukkottaisri velayee amman temple Sri Aava Urani KALLI AMMAN Temple, Mela Vilakudi(Malaiyedu), Pudukkottai. Arulmigu sri Papathi Amman Alayam,Pachikkottai Sri Kathali Vaneshwarar Temple, Thirukkalambur. Sri Sellayi Amman Temple; Puliyur, Pudukkottai. Sri Aaladiyaan Temple; Visalur, Pudukkottai. Sri porpanai kottai muneeswarar kovil porpanaikottai,pudukkottai. Arulmigu Nei Nandeeswarar Temple, Venthanpatti Dharma Sastha Kovil Kannankarakudi, Pudukkottai. sri Putradi Mahasakthi Mariyamman kovil Bharathiyar Nagar, Pudukkottai Sri Periyanagi Ambal Sametha Arangulanathar Temple Thiruvarangulam, Pudukkottai. Sri Pitari Amman Temple Thiruvarangulam, Pudukkottai. Sri Vetriyaandavar temple Venkitakulam Murugan Temple,Kumaranmalai(Pulvayal) Ulaganayaki Ambaal Temple,Kollampatti,Pulvayal Sri Chithi Vinayagar Temple,Namakkottai Arulmighu Malaiyandi Temple,Valayapatti Arulmigu Dharmasamvarthini Sri Namapureeswarar Temple, Alangudi Sri Perungaraiyadi Meenda Ayyanar Temple,Kulamangalam Sri Muthumariyamman Temple, Vadakadu Sri Muthumariyamman Temple,Kothamangalam

Vijayala choleswaram.

Subramaniya swamy thirukovil, Viralimalai

Admanathaswamy Temple, Avudayarkoil Kokarneswarar Temple, Thirukkokarnam Sri Bragadhambal Temple, Pudukkottai Sri Thiruvapur Muthumariyaman Temple,Pudukkottai Sri Viruthapureeswarar Temple, Thiruppunavasal Veeramakali amman Temple, Aranthangi and Perambur(Andakulam) Meiyyanathar Temple, Thirumayam Mariyamman Temple, Thiruvappur Mariyamman Temple, Naarthamalai and Senthakudi Bhuvaneshwariamman Temple, Pudukkottai T.E.L.C Church, Machuvadi, Pudukkottai Fire Prayer Vision Ministries, Ashok Nagar, Pudukkottai AG Church Karambakkudi.(Refer Junior vikatan -15 March 2009 page no .18) The Mountain Of Jesus Church, Ashok Nagar, Pudukkottai Sacred Heart Church, Marthandapuram, Pudukkottai Moovar and Ivar Temple, Kodumbalur Sri Naadiyaman Temple, Keelathur and Alangudi Sri Dharma Sastha Temple, Kannankarakudi (Sastharkovil) Sri SelvaVinayagar Koil, Maligaipunchai (Aranthangi) Sri MuthuMariyamman Koil, Silattur (Aranthangi) Jagadeeshwara temple Manamelkudi Arulmigu Shree Kudikathaamman koil,Maravanpatti & Silattur sri alagambal thirukkovil alagambalpuram. Sivan Kovil, Arimalam Perungkaraidi meenta Ayyanar temple,kulamangalam south Sri Muthumariyamman Kovil, Konnaiyur . Poi Solla Meyyar and Ponniah Temple, Moolangudi. sri sithi venayagar temple [sammattivituthy] pudukkottai[dist] arulmigu kamakshiamman temple [melappanaiyur]pudukkottai[district] muthumariyamman temple konnaiyur Periya Pallivasal, South 2nd Street, Pudukkottai. Noor Masjid, South 3rd Street, Pudukkottai. Mela Pallivasal, Mela raja veethi Pudukkottai.

kalif nagar masjid,kalif nagar 3rd street, pudukkottai. Sri Varadharaja Perumal koil, pudukkottai Sri naaganadhaswamy kovil, Peraiyur Pudukkottai[District]. Sri Kamatchiamman and peatchiamman Thirukkovil, Malukkanpatti, PudukkottaiDistrict. Sri Ilangudi Ayyanar Kovil, Ilangudipatti, Pudukkottai. SRI PALADI KARUPPANNA SWAMY and AYYANAR KOVIL, VARAPPUR, PUDUKKOTTAI. SRI SIVAN KOIL (SUYAMBU), VARAPPUR, PUDUKKOTTAI. SRI KUDIYALAMMAN,TEMPLE[THANTHANI] Sri Muthumariyamman Koil Thennalur, Viralimalai Sri Angala Parameswari Koil Lalapettai Sri Vendi Vantha Amman Koil Perungudi, Pudukkottai. Sri Verama kali Amman koil MunasanDai, Pudukkottai.

Education
Pudukkottai is home to many schools and colleges. The arts and science college HH The Rajah's College (Autonomous) was established in 1857 by Maharaja of Pudukkottai. It is an autonomous college run by government with a motto "Thamasoma Jyotirgmaya" (Irulil irunthu oliyai nokki), signifying "Darkness to light". This college is working hard to fulfill the needs of higher education at the regional level. malayakovil kulamangalam , pudukkottai