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1 Fill in the blanks with the correct words for the following:
Isi tempat kosong dengcln perkataan yang betul bagi
)totlg
beri.ku.t:
(a)
Melting point of the substancelTalzat lebur hahan
(b)
Electrical conductivity of ionic substance#(ehottdu.hsi,an, elehtri,h hagi bah.o.n ion
charges.
r . tt.dUlt
,1'tt.l,tt
t
'
ron-Lon
-
tiduh ti
!!,-'' !!
ecls-ecls elektrik..
Zarah-zarah d,itarik bersama oleh,
,l!1,,)'!! t,y_'j'l:g!l
lg_,!8
lgytyy/r,
- -
bergero,le beba s
trons
eQ,ll,
move freely to carry electri.:al
charges.
Ion-ion bergerah bebas
eas-eds elektrih,.
substance conduct electricity?
moleleul meng lzondule s ilzan e d. s - c a s e I,e k tr ilz ?
2 (a)
Can molecular
Dapatlzah bahan
No lTidale
ft) State one inference for 2(a).lBerikan satu inferens bagi 2(a,).
Molecular substance consists ofl Bahan molehul tercl i.r'i clari,pad,o.
mol,ecules lnzolekul
Atomic and ionic
Atom d,an ion
Molecule
Molekul
lrr solid form
I)nlam bentuk
l,epejaI
Itr rnolten
(l{quid)
form
l)aiam betulz
I nhuran (cecair)
Does not conduct
electricity.
Tidak m,en,gkondrt ksikan
elektrik,
conducts
electricity.
Mengkondulzsikan
ekktrik
u.ntu.h nt etn bausa
unttr,lz m emhawa
'tl,
_
g.g,h
PROBLEM
STATE}'IENT
I
I
lt f YFor ]{Ests
I
i
Can the electric current flow through substances made up of atoms, molecules and
Bolehhah arus elehtrik mengalir melalui bahan atom, bahan molehul d.an bahan ion?
The electric current can flow through atomic substances and in molten form
substances but not for molecular substances.
Arus elektrih dapat mengalir m,elalui bahan atom, dan dalam kead.aan leburan bagi bahan
tidah dapat mengalir rnelalui bahan rnolekul.
(a)
that is kept constant:
Qu.antity
of substance
yang dimalarkan:
-
Kuantiti bahan
(b)
that is manipulated:
y ang ditna,nip ulasih.an :
Tlpe of substance
(c)
that responds:
----
-
Itrlectrical c:onductiuity of substance
yang bergerak balCI,s.'
-
h,ekonduksian elektrik bahan
ions?
of ionic'
ion tetepi
YARIABLES
Jenis bahan
Lead powder, sulphur powder, lead(Il) bromide powder
r{/trFBrALs
Serbuk plumbutn, serbuk sttlfur, serbuk plumbum(Il) bromid,a
A PPAR'\TI JS
Dry cell, wire, ammeter, crucible, carbon electrodes, fireclay triangle, tripod
burner, spatula, holder, crocodile clips
SeI hering, wd.ydr, ammeter, manghuh pija4 elehtrod harbon, alas segi tiga tanah liat,
penunu Bunsen, spatula, pengapit, klip buaya
stand, Bunsen
tungku kaki tiga,
I
I
Fn!")cFlrt lrl,E
l
1 Connect dry cells to the wires which are
connected at both ends to the carbon
electrodes with crocodile clips, as shown in
the diagram.
Pasangkan sel-sel kering pada wayar yang kedua-
dua hujungnya disantbung kepada elektrod
karbon dengan menggunakan klip buaya, seperti
yeng ditunjukkan dala nt rajah.
Place a few spatulas of lead powder in the
crucible.
Letakkan beberapa spatula serbuk plumbu,m
dalam mangkulz pijar,
Turrr on the switch and observe the
deflection of the needle on the ammeter.
Hiduph,an suis dan perhatikan pemesongan
jarum pada ammeten
3
crocodile clips
klip buaya
carbon electrodes
elektrod karbon
crucible
mangkuk
pijar
lreat
panaskan
-
b
ffIfi J[:li5';:lf#:"jnT: [?:""",':?'"iHlltr J:,*5,,^
_,
r,
.h
tltnrrr
ffiffi
powdery
substance
serbuk
bahan
Repeat the experiment using
(a)
sulphur and
(b)
lead(Il) bromide powder
Ulang ehsperimen dengan menggunahan
(a)
serbuk sulfur dan
(b)
serbuk plumbum(Il) bromida.
Heat the substances until they melt
(if possible) in the crucible and test their electrical
conductivity in the molten state.
Panashan bahan-bahan sehingga lebur (jika boleh) dalarn manghuh pi.iar dan uji kekonduhsian
elektrik dalarn keadaan lebun
6 Record your observations in the table provided.
Catat pemerhatian anda dalam
jadual yang disediahan.