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美国城市公园系统的形成与特点
美国城市公园系统的形成与特点
美国城市公园系统的形成与特点
Xu
Hao
TU986.6
A
1003-739X200811-0167-04
Abstract
This article reviews the
background, appearance and
development of city park system in
America, analyzes the process of
parkway and greenway and the unique
aspects of the system: establishing the
first park regulations, raising funds through
bonds, keeping synchronization of
construction with urbanization and highly
developing greenway system.
Key Words America, City park system,
Parkway, Greenway
1
Park System
ParkwayGreenway
[1]
19
19
Frederick Law
Olmsted
210093
xuhao73@vip.163.com
2008 07 04
19
18447
26
1851
7
East River6475
59106340 hm2
18574
Frederick
Law OlmstedVaux
3 3 G r e e n s w a r d
Plan1
1873
Brooklyn
3
Eastern Parkway4[2]
11/ 2008
HUAZHONG ARCHITECTURE
167
19
168
19
187110
9
10
19
19
HUAZHONG ARCHITECTURE
11/ 2008
26
18836
60 m
1920
6
18751876
1878171895
1892
129
1907
4 082 hm243.8 km7
3
Buffalo
1868
5
Delaware
14.16 hm 2
Front
1.46 hm 2
Parade
2.27 hm2
61 m
19
20
26
11/ 2008
HUAZHONG ARCHITECTURE
169
19
Tucson
reading
Connecticut
20
2060
2070
2080
2090
Eastern Parkway
Commonwealth Avenue
Potomac parkway
Appalachian trail
Raleigh greenway
Plot river greenway
40 mile rope
Peama river park
Bay circuit trail
Hudsonriver greenway
Reading greenbelt
Connecticut river greenway
Bay ridge trail
Boulder greenway
Erie riverside
Raleigh trail system
East coast greenway
1[3]
1
[3-4]
4
4.1
Green Way
170
HUAZHONG ARCHITECTURE
1959
William White
Secure Open Space for Urban America
The
Last Landscape
Charles Little
[5-6]
4.2
19
20
202070
11/ 2008
26
2080
20
90
2[7]
1
19
Eastern
Parkway1870
Williamsburg
78 m20 m
1895
16 km
1907
43.8 km129
2
2070
1963
Outdoor Recreation Act
1968National
Trail System Act
3
2080
4
1959
2090
1990
1991
Intermodal Surface Transportation
Efficiency Act1996
Transportation Equity Act for
the 21st Century
[8-13]
19
20
1 C h a r l e s E . B e v e r i d g e P a u l R o c h e l e a u .
Frederick Law Olmsted.New YorkUniverse
Publishing199841-67
2 Elizabethbarlow Rogers. Landscape design, A
cultural and Architectural History.New York
Harry N. Abrams, Incorporated. 2001357-374
3 . .
200141-53
4 . .
1998
5 Charles E. Little. Greenways for American.New
26
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