10

10 1
10.1

1 3

3

2493
2497
2504
2507
2508

Kaschira Moscow
Sweden- Gotland
-

Wolgograd-Donbas
Benmore-Haywards

2508 Konti-Skan

2508 Sakuma
2509 Sardinia

(kV)

(MW)

(km)

200
100
200( 100)
800( 400)
500( 250)

30
20
160
720
600

112
96*
64*
64
473
575+42*

250

250

86*+87*

125

300

200

200

50
60 C/S
290+116*


(kV)

2510 VacouverVancouver

130

520( 260)
2511 Pacific-Interic I
800(400)
Pacific-Intertic II
800( 400)
( Portland-Sylmar Portland Hoover,

Hoo er


)
2513 Kingsnorth-London
532( 266)
2514 Kettle Rapids-Dorsey
900( 450)
2517 Manitoba
500
*

**

(MW)

(km)

78
630
1440
1440

41+28

320
1080-4860
3420

82**
893
900

1330
1350

10.1.1
25

Charging
g g ppower

(Oil-filled)

Var charge
g Dielectric losses
125
400

10.1.2

(Load center)

400,500
765

230




( 3 )


3




10.1.3

Var charge

Group

10.1.4
50 60



(Fault
current) Short-circuit power
Fault current
Short-circuit power


2 Positive
pole
l
2

Nagative
N ti polel
2

3

Charging
Ch i power

(System stability)

Inductive
I d ti voltage
lt ddrop

Skin effect

Dielectric loss ( )



25, 50 60

10.2

10.1

10.1
10 1 A B
3

A

3

Converter station


D

3 Inverter station
B

PA =


A
PB = B
PB = PA

EA , EB

fA fB

C D
2

A B,
B C
Converter D Inverter

B A,
A
D

Converter C Inverter Inverter

10.3

10.2 Monopolar

10.3 Bipolar


10.4
10 4

Homopolar


- Converter AC to DC ,Inverter DC to AC
- Converter Transformers with tap-changing underload facilities
- Smoothing inductors
- Harmonic filters (AC & DC)
- Reactive
i power supplies
li ((Bothh AC sides)
id )
- Electrodes
- DC Lines
- AC Circuit breakers

 10.5 Bipolar HVDC

Converter transformer
- (Un grounded)
Converter
-
Converter ( DC

)
Smoothing inductors DC
Converter DC
- DC
-
AC to DC
- DC
-

Harmonic filters
- AC AC

- DC

Reactive power supplies

(Shunt capacitor banks)

(Synchronous compensators or Var compensators)

Electrodes

AC circuit beakers
-
()
Converter Converter transformers
- DC DC
Converter

10 4
10.4

1.1
Crest
C t voltage
lt to
t earth
th

2.
3.3

= R.M.S. ( )
=

(
( )
= R.M.S. ()
=
()
()
= ( / )

 1 Crest voltage to earth

Pole

Crest voltage to earth

=
=
=

E dc
2

E dc Idc

2
2I dc
R

2
2Idc
R
100
E dc Idc

3I 2 R
100
3EI

2
2Idc
R
100
E dc Idc

( )
(10.1)

Crest
C t voltage
lt tto earth
th

(10.2)

(10.2)

(10 2) (10.1)
(10 1)


(Thermal limit)



=
3EI

= E dc Idc
= 4EI
3

(( / )

4EI
3 3EI

= 43 = 1.333

Crest voltage
g to earth
1.33

3 3

Crest voltage to earth
2
2

10.5

400 220
800
10.6

Converter Inverter stations
Terminal equipments

10.6


10.6
10 6

 400
Terminal equipments
1.

Terminal equipments (2 ) 800

2.16

2 16

1,728
1 728

2.

400
1.37

10.6 -

10.7 -

 - 1
.
.

(Tenaga Nasional Berhad :
TNB) 30-80

-
1 (High Voltage
Alternating Current : HVAC) 115/132 kV

2523
HVAC
Back up
HVDC

-
2
.. TNB

2 (High Voltage Direct Current : HVDC)

Point to
Point 300 kV



HVDC HVDC System Interconnection
Agreement 2002 (HVDC SIA 2002)
14 2545

25


. TNB 30

31-300

1 HVDC 3
2545

(Supplemental Agreement to HVDC SIA 2002 for the Sale and
Purchase of Bulk Energy) 6 2547 .

TNB HVDC HVAC 300-330 3
(2547-2550)

Bulk Energy
1 2547

10.6.1
10
61

-

Monopolar

(HVDC)

Monopolar

10.8
10 8

4,980
..

2538

..
2544
EGAT
TNB Teshmont
Consultant Inc.
Inc

Siemens AG.
AG

 10.8 -
Monopolar (.)

 10.9 Converter Transformer (.)

 10.10 Capacitor banks AC Filer (.)

 10.11 Thyrister Valve (.)


10.12 Smoothing Reactor (.)

10.13 DC Filter Active and Passive (.)


10.14 DC Transmission Line (.)