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COPYRIGHTED
1917
Bp W.
E.

EVERITT

Scientific
OF

Methods
Steel

Tempering

Compounds
For Welding and Restoring Burnt Steel

Compounds
For Hardening Steel Case Hardening

Hardening Solutions
For Chills For Ball Bearings

Compound
For Welding Copper

BY

W.

E.

VERITT

TS 3

MAY -2 1917


NUMBER
pocket
1

Tempering edge tools of all kinds knives, draw knives, spoke-

chisels,

shaves, adze, axes, wood planers, wood planer blades, hatchets, spoke augers, and all wood cutting tools.

Harden

in

Draw them
Tempering

Hot Linseed Oil. to a Red and Blue.

NUMBER

tools for boring iron or drills, bits, nippers, wire cutsteel butcher's cleavers, blacksmith ters, hammers, center punches, bolt cutters.

Harden in Hot Linseed Oil. Draw them to a Dark Red or Wine

Color.

NUMBER
Tempering
poses er's punches.

chisels for chipping purkeyseat chisels and boiler mak-

Harden them

in Oil.

Draw them

to Blue, Repeat 3 or 4

times on the Red.

NUMBER

4
tools

Tempering marble cutter's

shears for cutting iron or steel or hard metals.

Harden them

in Linseed Oil.

Draw them

to a

Copper Color.

NUMBER
Spring
elliptic

tempering

wagon and buggy

springs.

springs, springs, all kinds of

auto

Harden
Water.

them

in

Linseed

Oil

or

Temper by

Flash.

This can only be done when oil has been used in hardening. After plunging the spring in the oil return it to When a blue flame apthe furnace. pears hugging the metal, which is at about 600 deg. F., take it from the furnace and allow it to cool in the air. Do not put it back in oil or water. Small springs can be hardened in Hard Tallow or a bar of yellow Soap. Flash tempering is the best method and is more reliable than water tempering.

NUMBER
Tempering

chisels cold such as track chisels and all-round chisels for general use.

Harden them

in

Water or

Oil,

ac-

cording to size of

tool.

Draw them
Red 3

to Blue, Repeat on the or 4 times for tough tools.

NUMBER
Tempering stone
as tooth chisels, points

cutter's tools such

and

tools used

dressing limestone or other buildstone of the same nature.

Oil.

Harden in Hot Linseed

Draw them

to a Blue.

NUMBER
:

Tempering rock drills, both heavy i light stone hammers, stone picks, ne sledges and other tools used in
:k quarries.

Harden them in Oil or Water. Draw them to a Gold and Red or

Peacock Blue. Repeat on the color for Tough Tools.

NUMBER

Tempering razors for barber's use. Harden them in Hot Linseed Oil. Draw them to a Gold Color.

NUMBER

10

Tempering taps for thread cutting. Harden them in Hot Linseed Oil. Draw them to Bronze Color.

NUMBER

11

Tempering dies for thread cutting. Harden in Linseed. Oil. Draw to a Dark Gold or Copper
Color.

NUMBER
Tempering
shops.

12
for

reamers

machine

Harden

Draw

in to a

Hot Linseed Oil. Gold and Red, Mix Colors.

NUMBER
Tempering
dirks,

13
lances

knives, probes, physician's knives.

Harden

Draw

in Hot Linseed Oil. to a Bright Red.

NUMBER
Tempering
bits, files,

14
tools,

boring

minim
glas

tools, mill cutters, glass cutters,

butcher's steels, hack saws lettering tools used with a great degre of hardness.

Harden

Draw

in Hot Linseed Oil. to no color at all.

NUMBER

15

Tempering lathe tools, planer took and tools used for turning iron or stee and other metals. Harden in Hot Linseed Oil.

Draw

to a Light Straw.

NUMBER
Tempering
grub
coal augers and farrier's knives, etc.

16

hoes, coal picki tools used in dus

Harden

Draw

in Linseed Oil. to Blue No. 1.

17 butcher knives, brea knives, carving knives, paring knivt

NUMBER

Tempering

a;id table cutlery.

Harden

Draw

in Hot Linseed Oil. to Blue No. 2.

NUMBER

18

Chemical tempering for tools that mist be 10 or 15 degrees harder than )il or water can make them. Harden in Quick Silver.

Draw No Temper

at

all.

NUMBER
Fine Salt Clay

19
tool steel.

Welding flux for welding

% %
you would Sand.

part part

Use

like

NUMBER
Receipt
steel,

20 grade
1 lb.

for welding high and restoring burnt steel.

Borax
Carbonate of Iron Black Oxide of Manganese Mix well and use like Borax.

2 oz.
3 oz.

NUMBER
Charred Borax Carbonate of Iron Use like Borax.

21
1 lb. 3 oz.

WELDING HIGH SPEED STEEL

NUMBER
steel.

22

"Welding Bessemer and Openhearth

Clean Sand Powdered Sulphate of Iron Black Oxide Manganese

Table Salt

5 lbs. 3 oz. 3 oz.

4
Borax.

oz.

Use

like

NUMBER
Borax.

23

WELDING COPPER TUBING

Equal parts of Fine Table Salt and

NUMBER

24

TO DRILL CHILLED CAST IRON

First heat the part where it is to be drilled red hot, place a ferrule or nut over the part to be drilled fill it with

brimstone.
will be soft

When
enough

the metal
to drill.

is

cold

it

NUMBER

25

HARDENING COMPOUND
Carbonate of Soda 1 oz. Cyanide of Potash 1 oz. Carbonate of Potash 1 oz. Heat the tool red hot. Sprinkle this on the tool and return it to the fire for a few seconds. Plunge it in soluThis will be very hard. tion.

NUMBER
HARDENING
Salt Saltpeter

26

COMPOUND
IRON TOOLS

FOR

CAST
2 OZ.

%
i/ 2

lb.
lb.

Alum
Salt of Tartar Cyanide of Potash Carbonate of Ammonia

*4 oz.
1 oz. 6 oz.

Pulverize

all

together.
it

Sprinkle

it

on the tool, plunge no temper.

in water.

Draw

NUMBER

27

CASE HARDENING FOR TOOLS

Heat the steel red hot, sprinkle the following on the tool and plunge in water. Pulverized Cyanide Potassium. Pulverized Prussiate of Potash. (This is Poison.)

NUMBER
Corrosive Sublimate
Salt Soft

28
3 oz. 6 lbs.

HARDENING SOLUTION

Water
(This Solution
is

4
Poison.)

gals.

NUMBER
Sal Corrosive Sublimate Soft Water For all kinds of tools

29
6 oz. 3 oz.

HARDENING SOLUTION Ammoniae

4 gals.

draw the tem-

per as desired.
(This
is

Poison.)

NUMBER
Saltpeter Prussiate of Potash
Citric

30
1 lb. 3 lbs.

HARDENING SOLUTION

Acid

lbs.

Carbonate of Iron
Salt Soft

2 lbs.

Water
is

50 lbs. 30 gals.

This

one of the very best known.

NUMBER
Aqua Ammonia

31

Chills for cones, plates, ball bearings and other tools that must be chilled.

Common Soda Common Salt

To one barrel

2 oz. 2 oz.

15

lbs.

of water, heat cool off in the solution for a chill.

and

NUMBER
side.

32

ANGLE IRON RING

Outside ring with flange on the out-

Multiply the diameter by 3.1416, add twice the width of flange to circumference, which will give the length; cut bevel of half the width of flange on both ends on the inside flange.

NUMBER

33

ANGLE IRON RING

Inside Eing, Flange on Inside. Find circumference as usual (muldeduct tiply diameter by 3.1416) twice the width of flange, cut bevel on each end half the width of flange.

NUMBER

34

STEEL ANGLE OUTSIDE RING

Find circumference as usual, to this add two and one-half times the width of the flange, cut bevel the same as
iron, one half the

width of flange.

NUMBER
Deduct
ange.

35

STEEL ANGLE INSIDE RING

only twice the width of Steel will not gather like iron.

NUMBER
:ter

36

ORWAY IRON, ANGLE OUTSIDE RING Add three times the width of flange
finding the circumference.

NORWAY

37 IRON, ANGLE INSIDE RING Find the circumference as usual, 3duct two and one-half the width of
le

NUMBER

flange.

NUMBER
i

38

TEMPERING HIGH SPEED STEEL

Care should be taken in bringing it the proper heat, about 2000 to 2200

agrees Fahrenheit.

White heat before The above heat will not lenching. jure the steel.
For
'e

cooling, air blast, water used.

and

oil

NUMBER
Heat the
le

39
IN

NNEALING CARBON STEEL

steel to a
off,

dark red.

WATER When

red

is

passing
;

hold the steel in

dark place when you see a dark red unge it in plain water or soap suds, his will make it very soft.

NUMBER

40

ANNEALING SMALL PIECES OF HIGH SPEED STEEL IN WATER

First heat the piece gradually and uniformly to a temperature of 750 degrees Fahrenheit. When this temperature is reached it should be plunged into a bath of pure water which was previously heated to a temperature of 150 degrees Fahrenheit. Permit the steel to cool to the temperature of the bath when it will ba ready to work.

NUMBER
tion of Color.

41

Spring Testing Scale and the Color of the Alphabet and Also the Vibra-

CONTENTS
No.

Auger and Picks Annealing High Speed Steel Annealing Carbon Steel Angle Iron Ring Angle Iron Ring Angle Steel Ring Angle Steel Ring Angle Norway Ring Angle Norway Ring
Boring Tools Cold Chisels Cold Chisel, Track Tools Chill for Ballbearings

16 40 39 32 33 34 35 36 18 14 3
6

Chemical Tempering
Cast Iron Tools

Case Hardening Tools

...

31 18 26 27
2

Drills and Bits Dies for Thread Cutting Drill Chilled Cast Iron

11 24
1

Edge Tools Hardening Compound

Hardening Solution Hardening Solution Hardening Solution Lathe and Planer Tools Marble Cutting Tools Physician's Knives

25 28 29 30 15
4

13
8 9

Rock

Drills

Razors

Reamers
Spring Testing Scale Spring Tempering Stone Cutter's Tools Taps for Thread Cutting Table Cutlery

12 41
5

Tempering High Speed Steel Welding Flux Welding High Carbon Steel Welding High Speed Steel Welding Bessemer and Openhearth Welding Copper

10 17 38 19 20 21 22 23

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LIBRARY OF CONGRESS

003 130 169

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