Di y l cu trc lp/stack x l thng tin ca cc thit b c lin quan n qun l v s dng ti nguyn truy nhp khng dy 3G UMTS dng

cho HSDPA, gm 3 phn t tham gia vo qu trnh thng tin l UE, NodeB v RNC [TS 25.308].

Hnh 1: Cu trc lp giao thc x l lung thng tin HSDPA ti cc phn t mng truy nhp 3G Ti u cui UE, d liu thu bao gm bo hiu iu khin v d liu ng dng c x l ng gi theo tng lp v gi xung lp vt l truyn ti NodeB. Tng t vy, nhng d liu m UE nhn c t lp vt l do NodeB gi s c gii m v bc tch gi theo tng lp thu c d liu bo hiu iu khin v d liu ng dng:

Hnh 2: Cu trc lp giao thc x l ti UE Xt qu trnh gii m ngc khi nhn d liu ng dng v d nh file *.rar. File ny c th c phn tch t cc gi TCP hoc UDT c kch thc nht nh v sau khi tch khi 20 byte mo u ca gi IPv4 nhn c t lp PDCP:

Hnh 3: Cu trc gi IP Lp PDCP Packet Data Convergence Protocol cung cp mt s kh nng nh: cho php x l mo u gi IP; hoc c ch cho php ng b gia bn gi PDCP UTRAN v bn nhn PDCP UE khi RLC x l lung d liu theo ch AM; hoc h tr truyn cc CS Counter phc v gii m AMR [TS 25.323]. Ty theo loi d liu PDCP m cc gi d liu IP c c nh vic loi i t 0 n 1 hoc 3 byte mo u ca PDCP PDU hay RLC SDU nhn c t lp RLC.

Hnh 4: Lp giao thc hi t d liu gi - PDCP Lp RLC Radio Link Control cho php phn on hoc mc ni cc gi d liu. Ty thuc vo loi hnh dch v i hi thi gian thc hay tr hay tc m c th dng 3 ch truyn gm: Transparent mode ch yu dng cho dch v thi gian thc nh thoi, khng c kh nng xc nh cc PDU mt khi truyn dn; Unacknowledged mode cho php pht hin li mt gi, cho php truyn li c 1 chui gi d liu, dng cho dch v tc khng cao, khng yu cu cao v tr; Acknowledged mode cho php pht hin v truyn li gi b li hoc mt, dng cho dch v tc cao, khng yu cu qu cao v tr. Ty theo mi ch truyn d liu m gi tin MAC SDU hay RLC PDU nhn c t lp MAC s c bc tch 0, 3, 4 byte hoc 39 bit [TS 25.322]. Ngoi cc AM Data PDU mang d liu ng dng, cn c 1 s Control PDU c truyn gia lp RLC ti UE v lp RLC ti RNC thng qua NodeB, ch yu l STATUS PDU v Piggybacked STATUS PDU c kch thc t 1 byte n 84 byte cho php bn nhn bo cho bn

gi bit cc thng tin lin quan n ACK nh i ca s truyn ti, cc gi AM PDU nhn c hoc b mt, bn gi bo cho bn nhn bit v vic i ca s truyn ti. Trong trng hp l tng, gi d liu truyn ti c kch thc ln, khng xy ra li, trong qu trnh truyn AM Data PDU, ch c Piggybacked STATUS PDU 21 byte gi t UE hng uplink ln mng.

Hnh 5: Lp iu khin lin kt v tuyn - RLC Lp MAC Medium Access Control cho php nh x gia cc knh logic v knh truyn ti; chn la Transport Format cho php iu phi tc truyn ti s dng hiu qu ti nguyn cc knh truyn dn lp vt l; chn la mc u tin x l lung d liu cc UE; tch hoc ghp cc PDU lp trn vo cc khi truyn ti v ghp vo cc knh truyn ti chung lp vt l; o lng ti lu lng s dng ti nguyn; mt m cho TM RLC; v cc chc nng HARQ cho truyn dn HS-DSCH. 2 hnh di y ln lt l cu trc lp MAC ti UE v ti pha mng. Trong lp con MAC-hs lin quan trc tip n lu lng d liu truyn ti HSDPA, nm ti UE v NodeB.

Hnh 6: Lp iu khin truy nhp trung gian - MAC

Cc gi tin MAC SDU hay RLC PDU nhn c lp RLC nh tch phn n v phn mo u ca lp MAC-d v phn mo u ca lp MAC-hs. Mi khong thi gian truyn TTI Transmission Time Interval 2ms ch c 1 gi MAC-hs PDU v vy ch c 1 mo u MAC-hs v chui cc MAC-d PDU. Cc mo u MAC-d ny gm 4 bit cho php nhn dng cc knh logic c th t t 1 n 15 [TS 25.321]. Cc mo u MAC-hs cho php nhn dng cc MAC-d PDU v cc thng tin nhn dng MAC-hs PDU, trong trng hp c 1 loi MAC-d PDU vi kch thc nht nh, mo u MAC-hs s c di t 21 bit. Nh vy s bit mo u MAC v bit n c th t 21 + 4 + 7 bit n cho n 98 + 128x4 + 6 bit n.

Hnh 7: Lp MAC iu khin lung d liu HSDPA MAC-hs c kh nng lp lch trnh p ng nhanh vi nhng thay i ca iu kin knh v tuyn nh x l HARQ. C 8 u x l HARQ cng 1 lc phc v cho mi UE, iu ny cho php m bo truyn ti c lin tc vi tc n inh. Da vo thng tin phn hi CQI t UE m MAC-hs ti NodeB s chn la nh dng truyn ti - TF vi phng php iu ch v tri ph m ha knh ph hp vi sai s nh hn 10%. V vy CQI l mt tham s nh hng n thng lng HSDPA.

Hnh 8: Qu trnh x l gi d liu ti cc lp giao thc Cc gi d liu lp MAC-hs PDU thu c trn l phn d liu thu c sau khi gii m ha d liu knh vt l. C 3 knh vt l lin quan n HSDPA: High Speed Physical Downlink Shared Channel (HS-PDSCH); knh iu khin chia s HS-DSCH (HS-SCCH) (downlink), v knh iu khin dnh ring (uplink) cho HS-DSCH (HS-DPCCH). Di y l cu trc knh HS-SCCH cho php mang d liu bo hiu hng downlink lin quan n vic truyn HS-DSCH cho UE. Knh HS-SCCH lun c tc 60 kbps, s dng SF Spreading Factor = 128 [TS 25.211]:

Hnh 9: Cu trc khung con ca knh HS-SCCH. Di y l cu trc knh HS-PDSCH cho php mang cc gi d liu MAC-hs PDU thuc knh truyn ti HS-DSCH. HS-PDSCH dng m ha knh vi SF = 16, tc 480 kpbs (960 bits/subframe, iu ch QPSK) 960 kbps (1920 bits/subframe, iu ch 16 QAM):

Hnh 10: Cu trc khung con ca knh HS-PDSCH Di y l cu trc knh HS-DPCCH [Release 5]. Knh ny cha cc thng tin bo hiu phn hi v s truyn dn ca HS-DSCH hng downlink. Thng tin phn hi gm: Hybrid Automatic Repeat reQuest Acknowledgement (HARQ-ACK), Channel-Quality Indication (CQI). HSDPCCH dng SF = 256, tc bit 15 kbps, 30 bits/subframe:

Hnh 11: Cu trc khung knh HS-DPCCH Qu trnh x l m ha knh gm: Ghp 24 bits CRC; bit scrambling; phn on d liu thnh cc code block (c kch c ti a l 5114 bit). Cc filler bit c gi tr 0 c th c thm vo khi d liu u ra l cc block ging nhau; m ha knh theo turbo coding R=1/3. Sau qu trnh ny, kch c ca d liu l 3n + 12 bit (n l s bit sau phn on code block); Khi d liu ny s c x l Hybird ARQ [TS 25.212] cho php NodeB ng lng b m lp MAC ca UE v gi 1 phn chnh ca thng tin. Trong trng hp UE thu c TTI b li cn truyn li, NodeB s cn c vo Hybird ARQ ACK ca UE gi li y thng tin cho php UE sa li, nh vy phn d liu c ngha s c truyn i vi tc ti u nht:

Hnh 12: X l HARQ Tt c cc bit sau khi x l Hybird ARQ s c phn on, chn v chn an xen trc khi a vo iu ch QPSK hoc 16 QAM. Qua y c th thy HARQ ACK v CQI l hai tham s nh hng n thng lng HSDPA.

Hnh 13: iu ch

Nh vy, trn chng ta thy khi cht lng knh truyn dn v tuyn tt, cc khi d liu UE nhn c s t b li v c phn nh li pha NodeB qua tham s HARQ ACK. Thng tin SQI c to ra nh UE o lng cht lng knh hoa tiu CPICH ch ra cht lng knh truyn truyn dn v tuyn p ng c cc khi d liu c kch thc ln c th p dng iu ch 16 QAM. NodeB da vo CQI, HARQ ACK v s knh HS-DPSCH cn d cp pht cho thu bao s dng truyn cc khi d liu c kch c ln (sai s nh hn 10% so vi ch nh ca bng SQI) vi iu ch 16 QAM. Nh vy tc ti d liu ca thu bao c tng ln. Trong trng hp cht lng knh truyn dn v tuyn c cht lng xu i, khi d liu UE nhn c c th b li, khi UE phn hi li HARQ ACK vi gi tr NACK v SQI ch ra cht lng knh ch cho php truyn khi d liu c kch thc nh vi iu ch QPSK. NodeB nhn c thng tin m cc tham s mang s gi li khi d liu b li ng thi iu chnh x l HARQ gi tip khi d liu tip theo. Nh vy tc ti d liu ca thu bao b gim i do phi truyn li v gim kch thc cc khi d liu k tip nhng ch cho hiu qu iu ch chng nhiu v khi phc d liu li. Bng 1: Bng tham chiu ch s CQI dnh cho cc loi UE

Cui cng chng ta th v d tnh ton thng lng HSDPA Trong iu kin ch c 1 UE thc hin dch v HSDPA ti Cell, ti a 15 OVSF Code c cp pht cho UE (1 SF lun dng cho bo hiu chung) th tc bit d liu truyn ti knh vt l HS-PDSCH l 2560 [chip/slot/code] /16 [chip] [symbol] *4 [bits/symbol] *3 [slot] *15 [code] = 640 *3 * 15 = 28800 bits/ 2ms = 14.4 Mbps. Trong trng hp l tng v cht lng knh v tuyn, l tng v kh nng x l ca UE, Transport Block Size c kch thc ti a 27952 bit. Khi khi d liu truyn ti knh vt l HS-PDSCH gm khi 27952 + 24 bit CRC + 12 bit tail = 27988 bit, v 2 khi (28800 27988)/2 = 406 bits. TBS cng l kch c ca MAC-hs PDU, gi s ch c 1 knh truyn ti DTCH c lin quan n phin ti d liu ca UE ny, khi kch thc MAC-d SDU t ti a th s bit dnh cho mo u MAC s gim v tc lung d liu trn DTCH s t ti a. Trong trng hp l tng , mo u ca MAC-hs v MAC-d gm 21 bit MAC-hs header + 4 bit MAC-d header + 7 bit Pad = 32 bits. Khi tc d liu ti trn knh DTCH l (27952 32) bits/ 2ms = 13.96 Mbps. Trong trng hp gi MAC-d SDU hay AMD RLC-PDU c kch thc ti a l 29720 bits. Mo u AM RLC ti thiu 32 bits, v ti thiu 8 bits mo u PDCP. Gi IP c kch c ti a l 29720 40 = 27880 bit / 2ms khi lung d liu IP m thu bo ti t mng Internet c tc ti a l 13.94 Mbps. Do tc ti a m UE ti file ng dung l (27880 20*8)/2 = 13860 bit/ms = 13.86 Mbps.

Ti liu tham kho: [1]: 3G Evolution HSPA and LTE for Mobile Broadband - Erik Dahlman, Stefan Parkvall, Johan Skld and Per Beming; [2]: WCDMA (UMTS) DEPLOYMENT HANDBOOK Planning and Optimization Aspects Christophe Chevallier Christopher Brunner Andrea Garavaglia Kevin P. Murray Kenneth R. Bake; [3]: 3GPP TS 25.308v05 - High Speed Downlink Packet Access (HSDPA); Overall description; Stage 2; [4]: 3GPP TS 25.323v05 - Packet Data Convergence Protocol (PDCP) specification; [5]: 3GPP TS 25.322v05 - Radio Link Control (RLC) protocol specification; [6]: 3GPP TS 25.321v05 - Medium Access Control (MAC) protocol specification; [7]: 3GPP TS 25.211v05 - Physical channels and mapping of transport channels onto physical channels (FDD); [8]: 3GPP TS 25.212v05 - Multiplexing and channel coding (FDD).