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16

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rdk;wdrfbkef;awmf
'g0dwf\wJawmfrS a&Smvrkef\ AdrmefodkY aowmawmfudk o,f,l&m bk&m;ocif\
bkef;awmf

AdrmefawmftwGif;

qif;oufvmonfhwdkifatmif

,Zfyka&m[dwfrsm;ESifh

vlrsm;wdkYonf aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;Muonf/
2&mcsKyf 5 ; 13-14 ]]oDcsif;qdkaomolwdkYESifh0dkif;vQif xm0&bk&m;\ *kPfaus;Zl;
awmfudk csD;rG rf; axmremjyKjcif;iSg wnDwGwfwnf; toHNydKifvsuf? aumif;jrwf
awmfrlonf/ ukPmawmf tpOftNrJwnfonf[k wHydk;cGufuGif; tp&Sdaom
wl&d,m rsdK;ESifhtwG toHudkvTifh xm0&bk&m;\ *kPfawmfudk csD;rGrf;Muaomtcg
xm0&

bk&m;\

tdrfawmfonf
23

rdk;wdrfESifhjynfh\/

xdkodkYbk&m;ocif \

tdrfawmfonf

xm0&

bk&m;\

bkef;awmfESifhjynfvsuf?

rdk;wdrfawmfaMumifh

,Zfyka&m[dwfwdkYonf trIawmf udk aqmif&Gufvsuf&yfraeEdkifMu?}}

toif;awmftwGif;emrlemyHkpH
tESpf

40

wdkifwdkif

aowmawmfudk

jrifcGifh&ouJhodkY

'g0dwf\

wJawmfonf

toif;awmfwGif; bk&m;ocifudk pkaygif; oD;oefYudk;uG,fonfhyHkpHjzpfonf/

wref 15 ; 16-17 ]]usrf;pmvmonfum;? ig\emrjzifh orkwfaom wyg;
trsdK;om;taygif;wnf;[laom usef< uif;&pfaom olwdkYonf xm0&bk &m;udk &Smap
jcif;iSg aemufrSigjyefvmrf/ vJvsuf &Sdaom 'g0dwf\wJudk aqmufwnfjyefrnf/
NydKysuf&mrsm;udkvnf; jyKjyifNyD;vQif xdkwJudkrwfapjyefrnf[k}}
tmrkwf 9 ; 11-12 ]] usef<uif;&pfaom {'HktrsdK;om;rSp ig\emrjzifh
orkwfaom

wyg;trsdK;om;taygif;wdkYudk

odrf;,lapjcif;iSg?

vJvsuf&Sdaom

'g0dwf\wJudk xdkumv igaqmufwnfjyefrnf/ tufuGj&mrsm;udk aphpyfrnf/

NydKysuf&mrsm;udkvnf;
rwfapjyef rnf[k

jyKjyifNyD;

vQif

trit&mudk

xdkwJudk
pD&if awmfrl

a&S;umv
aom

&SdouJhodkY

xm0&bk&m;\

Asm'dwfawmf&Sd\/}}
'g0d'f\wJawmf

e*dtaetxm;twdkif;

0dnmOfoabmqefaom

udk;uG,frItm;

bk&m;ocifwnfaponf/ c&pfawmf\ cEmwnf;[laom wJawmf (toif;awmf)

pGJNrJrSwfom;avmufaom 0wfjyKudk;uG,frIyHkpHrsm;udk bk&m;ocifjyef wnfapvdrfhrnf rSm
trSefyifjzpfonf/

jyefvSefavhusifh&efar;cGef;rsm;
1/

'g0d'f\ acwfumv0wfjyK&mwJawmfonf ydwfoifwdkif;ESifh qif,mifaomwJjzpf\ ,aeY 'g0dwf\wJum;

rnfodkYenf;/

2/

yxrqHk;tBudrf y#dnmOfaowmawmfudk o,faqmifvm&ef 'g0dwfrif;BuD;\ BudK;yrf; vkyfaqmifrIwGif

tb,faMumifh MoZaoqHk;&ygoenf;/

3/

arma&S\ wJawmfESifh 'g0dwf\wJawmf udk,fpm;jyK0wfjyKudk;uG,fjcif;yHkpH rnfodkY jcm;em;aMumif;&Sif;jyyg/

24

tcef; (3)
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifhqdkifaom bk&m;ocif\vrf;Tefcsuf
ol\"ry&dwfowftm;vHk;onf csD;rGrf;udk;uG,faomoltm;vHk;jzpfap&ef? bk&m;ocif onf
usrf;pmawmftm;jzifh

TefMum;csufrsm;pGmay;xm;onf/

EIwfuywfawmfudk

tcsdef,lzwfjcif;? avhvmjcif;tm;jzifh xdkteuft"dyg ,fudk odvmap&ef tvGef

ta&;BuD;ayonf/

tb,faMumifh udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;oifhoenf;/

rnfolwdkYu udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;&rnfenf;/
rnfonfhtcsdef udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;&rnfenf;/
rnfonfhae&m udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;&rnfenf;/

tb,faMumifht&Sifociftm;uREkfyfwdkYcsD;rGrf;oifhoenf/
udk,fawmfonfxdkufwefaomaMumifh
aus;Zl;wif&efxdkufwefaomaMumifh (qm-107 ; 1-2 8 )
]]xm0&bk&m;onf aumif; jrwfawmfrl ? ukPmawmf tpOf tNrJ wnfaomaMumifh
*kPfaus;Zl; awmfudk

csD; rGrf;Muavmh/

ta&SUtaemufawmifajrmuf

&efol \vufrS

t&yf &yfxJu

xm0&

bk&m;EIwf

pkodrf;aomolwnf;

[laom

a&G;awmfrlaom olwdkYonf 0efcHMuap/}}

]]vlom;wdkY jyKawmfrlaom ukPmESifh tHhbG,faom trIawmfwdkYudk axmuf?
xm0&bk &m;\ *k Pfaus;Zl;awmfudk csD ;rGrf;Muap/}}

csD;rGrf;&ef xdkufwefaomaMumifh ( 2&m 22 ; 4 )

]]csD;rGrf;tyfaom

xm0&bk&m;udk

u,fwifjcif;odkY a&muf\/}}

25

igawmif;avQmuf

&efol wdkYvufrS

 BuD;jrwfjcif; ( qm 48 ; 1 )
]]xm0&bk&m;onf BuD;jrwfawmfrl\? oefY&Sif;aom awmifawmfay:rSm igwdkYbk&m;
ocif\ NrdKUawmfwGif txl;ojzifh axmremcsD;rGrf;jcif;udk cHxdkufawmfrl\}}/

xl;qef;aomtHhbG,fwefcdk;awmf ( qm 150 ; 2 )
]]xl;qef;aomwefcdk;awmfrsm;aMumifh?

bk&m;ocifudk

csD;rGrf;Muavmh/

tvGefw&mBuD; jrwfawmfrljcif;&Sdonftwdkif; csD;rGrf;Muavmh/}}

udk,fawmfonf tqHk;pGefaom tcGifhtmPm? tjrifhqHk;wefcdk;? t&yfcyfodrf;tm;vHk;
a&SU? t&mtm;vHk;xuf BuD;jrwfonf/

uREfkyfwdkYtm;a&G;Ekwfjcif; ( vkum 10 ; 20 )
]]odkYaomfvnf; ewfqdk;udk Edkif&aomaMumifhom 0rf;ajrmufjcif;r&SdMuESifh/ oifwdkY\
emrnfrsm;onf aumif;uifpm&if; 0ifonfudk0rf;ajrmufjcif;&SdMuavmh[k rdefYawmf
rl\/}}

bk&m;ocifbkef;xif&Sm;ap&ef ( qm 50 ; 23? qm 69 ; 30 )
]]aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif; ,ZfudkylaZmfaomolonf ig\bkef;udk xif&Sm;apaomol
jzpf\/

rdrd oGm;avomvrf;udk

qifjcifaomoltm;vnf;

u,fwifawmfrljcif;

aus;Zl; udkigjyrnf[k bk&m;ocifrdefYawmfrl\/}}

]]igonf bk&m;ocif \ emrawmfudk axmremoDcsif;qdkrnf? aus;Zl;awmfudkjy
bk&m;ocif udk csD;rGrf;rnf/}}

csD;rGrf;&nfTefMum;jcif;
'g0dwftm;jzifh ( qm 149 ; 1 )
]]xm0&bk&m; a&SUawmf topfaom oDcsif;udkqdk oefY&Sif;olwdkY pnf;a0;&m
*kPfawmfudk csD;rGrf;Muavmh/}}

aygvktm;jzifh ( {zuf 5 ; 19 )
]]qmvHoDcsif;rSpaom "roDcsif;trsdK;rsdK ;wdkYudk tcsif;csif; ajymqdkbwf&Gwf?
El;Gwf aom pdwfESvHk;ESifh ocifbk&m;a&SUawmf usL;{ oDcsif;qdkMuavmh/}}

26

 a,m[eftm;jzifh ( Asm 19 ; 5)
]]yvifawmfay:u
bk&m;ocif

xGufaomtoHum;?

udkaMumuf&GHUaomol

bk&m;ocif\

tBuD;ti,ftaygif;wdkY

uReftaygif;wdkYESifh
igwdkYbk&m;ocifudk

csD;rGrf;Muavmh[k qdkownf;/}}

aumif;jrwfawmfrlaomaMumifh
qm 92 ; 1-2
bk&m;\

]] xm0&bk &m;\ aus;Zl;awmfudk csD;rGrf; tjrifh qHk;aom

emrawmfudk

BudK;q,fyif&Sdaom

axmremoDcsif;qdkjcif;iSg4if;?
wl&d,m?

wa,m?

apmif;ESifhwuG
rDausmif;wdkYudkwD;?

ukPmawmfESifhopmawmfudk eHeuftcsdef? ntcsdef tpOftwdkif; jyjcif;iSg4if;

avsmufywf ay\/}}

ESpfoufbG,fjzpfaomaMumifh
qm 147 ; 1
igwdkY\

]] xm0&bk &m;udk csD;rGrf;aumif;onfjzpf csD;rGrf;Muavmh/

bk&m;ocifudk

axmremjyKjcif;onf

om,mavsmufywfonfjzpf

axmrem oDcsif; qdkMuavmh/}}

avQmufywfaomaMumifh
qmvH 33 ; 1
oDcsif;

]]ajzmifhrwfaomolwdkY? xm0&bk&m;udk trSDjyK &Tifvef;pGm

qdkMuavmh/

axmremjyKjcif;tusifhonf

oabmajzmifhaomolwdkYESifh

xdkufwefavsmuf ywfay\/}}
tcsdKUwdkYonf bk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;&ef aMumuf&GHUMuonf/ taMumif;rSm xdkodkYjyKjcif;
*kPfjrifhonf[k

olwdkYrcHpm;EdkifaomaMumifhjzpf

t&monf

EIwfuywfawmfESifh

qefYusifonf/
2&m 6 ; 14-16 21-23 ]]'g0dwfonfvnf ; ydwfoifwdkif;udk 0wfvsuf? xm0&
bk&m;a&SUawmf

tm;xkwf

uav\/

xdkodkY'g0dwfESifh

oa&vtrsdK;om;

taygif; wdkYonf a<u;aMumfvsuf? wHydk;rIwfvsuf? xm0&bk&m;\ aowmawmfudk

aqmifcJhMu \/ xm0&bk&m;\ aowmawmf onf 'g0dwf NrdKUxJodkY0ifaomtcg?
a&Smvk \orD ;

rdcgvonf

xm0&bk &m;a&SUawmf

jywif;aygufjzifhMunfh?
uvsufckefvsufvmonfudkjrif

rxDrJhjrifjyK\/}}
27

'g0dwfrif;BuD;onf
pd wfESvHk;xJ

]]'g0dwfuvnf;? oifhtbESifh ol\taqGtrsdK;taygif;wdkY\ udk,fpm;? ighudka&G;

aumuf
cefYxm;awmf

xm0&bk &m;\vl?

oa&vtrsdK;udk

rlaom

xm0&bk&m;a&SUawmfwGif

tkyfpdk;aom

rif;t&m

jyKonfr[kwfavm/

xm0&bk &m;a&SUawmfwGif ig uckefrnf/ xdkrQru igomESdrfhcsrnf/ oifajymaom

uRefrrsm;rl um;? ighudkcsD;rGrf;Mu vdrfhrnf[k rdcgvudk jyefajym\/ a&Smvk\orD;
rdcgvonf woufvHk;om;udk rbGm; rjrif&/}}

bk&m;ocifonf csD;rGrf; jcif; usdef; 0yfawmfrlonf

qmvH 22 3 ]] udk,fawmfrlum;? oa&vtrsdK;om;wdkY csD;rGrf;&m usdef;0yf
vsuf oefY&Sif;jcif;? &Sdawmfrl\/}}
tu,f uREfkyfwdkYESvHk;onf csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh jynfhaevnf; bk&m;ESifh jynfhaejcif;yif
tu,f

uREfkyfwdkYtdrfonf

csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh

jynfhvsif

bk&m;0dnmOfESifhjynfhjcif;yif

jzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif\ rsufarSmufawmfjzifh ygwf&pfjcif;onf rdrdudk,fudk csD;rGrf;jcif; jzifh

ygwf&pfjcif;yifjzpfonf/

csD;rGrf;jcif; onf cGeftm;? tif;tm;wdkYudk xkwfvTwfonf/

ae[rd 8 ; 10 (c)

]] csdKaomt&nfudk aomufMuavmh/ qif;&JaomolwdkYtm;

a0rQ Muavmh/ onfaeY&ufonf igwdkYbk&m;&SiftbdkYoefY&Sif;\/ 0rf;renf;MuESifh?

xm0&

bk&m;ay;awmfrlaomtcGifh ESifh

tm;,l

0rf;ajrmufMuavmh[k

vltaygif;wdkYtm; qdkMu\/
qm 28 ; 7 ]]igawmif;avQmuf aomtoHudk em;axmifawmfrlNyD/ xm0&bk&m;
on

fig\cGeftm;Av?

xdkbk&m;udk

ig\tuG ,ftum

udk;pm;?

jzpfawmfrl\/

ighudkapmifhrawmfrlaomaMumifh?

ighESvHk;om;onf
ighESvHk;onf

&Tifvef;vsuf&Sd\/ oDcsif; qdk vsuf *kPfawmfudk igcsD;rGrf;rnf/

csD;rGrf;jcif; onf jynfh0 pHkvifrIudk,laqmifvmonf/

csD;rGrf;wwfaom 0dnmOfonf bk&m;&SifESifhtwl &Sdae&jcif;twGuf 0rf;ajrmuf ol\
ESvHk;om; awmifhwjcif;udk bk&m;ocifu jynfhpHkaponf/
qm 37 ; 4 ]]xm0&bk&m;onf arGUavsmfjcif;&Sdavmh/ odkYjyKvQif? pdwfESvHk; tvdk
jynfhpHk&aom tcGifhudk ay;awmfrlrnf/

28

uREfkyfwdkY&,ljcif;rwdkifrD csD;rGrf;jcif;udk a&S;OD;pGm ay;quf&onf/ taMumif;rSm csD;rGrf;

jcif;udk uREfkyfwdkY OD;pm;ay;&ef xHk;enf;pOfvm&Sdonf/ 4if;aemuf uREfkyfwdkY\ ESvHk;om;
tvdkqEudk bk&m;ocif jynfh0apvdrfhrnf/

csD;rGrf;jcif; onf atmifjrifrIESifh usef;rmjcif;udk ,laqmifvmonf/

qm 18 ; 3

]]csD;rGrf;tyfaom

xm0&bk&m;udk igawmif;avQmuf

&efolwdkYvufrS u,fwifjcif;odkYa&muf\/}}
2 &mcsKyf 20 ; 21-22 ]]vlrsm;ESifh wdkifyifNyD;rS xm0&bk &m;\uk Pmawmfonf
tpOf

tNrJwnfaomaMumifh?

wyfa&SUrSmcsDoGm;vsuf?

*kPfaus;Zl;awmfudk

oefY&Sif;jcif;toa&udk

xm0&bk&m;tbdkY

cefYxm;awmf

qdkpjyKMuaomtcg?

,k'jynfudkwdkuftHhaomiSg

trKeftrsdK;om;?

armbtrsdK;om;wdkY

acsmif;ajrmif; apawmfrlojzifh?

rl\/

csD;rGrf;&aomoDcsif;onfwdkYudk

xdkolwdkYonf

trKeftrsdK;om;?

csD;rGrf;Muavmh[k

vmaom?
wbuf

csD;rGrf;&moDcsif;udk
pd&awmifom;wdkYudk
xm0&

armbtrsdK;om;wdkYonf

b&m;
txd

tcdkufcH&aomaMumifh? wzefpd&awmifom;wdkYudk okwfoifyif&Sif;jcif;iSg vSefwdkuf

ojzifh tukeftpifowfNyD;rS wa,mufudkwa,muf wdkufcdkuf ysufpD;jcif;odkY
a&muf Mu\/
aeYpOf&ifqdkif&aom b0toufwmwdkufyGJwdkif;rSmvQif csD;rGrf;jcif;onf atmifjrif rIxHodkY
ydkYaqmifaomenf;vrf;jzpfonf/

rnfolwdkYubk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;&rnfenf;
taoG;tom;&Sdoltm;vHk;
qm 145 ; 21 (c) ]] cyfodrf;aomolwdkYonf oefY&Sif;aom emrawmfudk urm
tqufquf aumif;BuD;ay;Muap/
uREfkyf\0dnmOf
qm 103 ; 1-2 ]] tdkigh0dnmOf? xm0&bk&m;udk aumif;BuD;ay;avmh/ ig\txJrSm
&SdorQwdkY? oefY&Sif;aom emrawmfudk aumif;BuD;ay;Muavmh/ tdkigh0dnmOf? xm0&
bk&m;udk aumif;BuD;ay;avmh/ aus;Zl;awmftaygif;udk rarhacsmhESifh/}}

29

toufIaomow0gtm;vHk;
qm 105 ; 6 ]] xm0&bk&m;\uRef tmjA[HtrsdK;? a&G;aumuf awmfrl aom
,mukyftEG,fwdkY? }}
vltm;vHk;
qm 67 ; 35 ]] tdkbk&m;ocif? vlrsm;wdkYonf udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;Muygapaom/
vlrsm;taygif;wdkYonf udk,fawmfudk csD ;rGrf;Muygapaom/
]]tdkbk&m;ocif? vlrsm;wdkYonf udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;Muygapaom/ vlrsm;taygif;wdkY
onf udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;Muygapaom/}}
qm 79 ; 13 ]] odfkYjzpf udkf,fawmfxH usufpm;aom odk;pkwnf;[laom
udk,fawmf\vl
tuREfkyfwdkYonf
udkf,fawmfudk
tpOfrjywf
csD;rGrf;?
*kPfaus;Zl;awmf udk tpOftquf jzpf vwHhaomolwdkY tmabmfjyMuygrnf/
ajzmifhrwfol rsm;
qm 140 ; 13
]] tu,fpifppf w&m;aomolwdkYonf emrawmfudk
csD;rGrf;Muygvdrfh rnf/ oabmajzmifhaomolwdkYonf txHawmf ae&Muygvdrfhrnf/
jzLpifaomolrsm;
qm 145 ; 10 ]]tdkxm0&bk&m;? zefqif;awmfrlorQwdkYonf *kPfawmfwdkYudkjy
udk,fawmf\ oefY&Sif;olwdkYonf aumif;BuD;ay;Muyg\/}}
a&G;EIwfjcif;cH &ol
qm 107 ; 1-2 ]]xm0&bk&m;onf aumif;jrwfawmfrl? ukPmawmf tpOf
tNrJ wnfaomaMumifh? *kPfaus;Zl; awmfudk csD;rGrf;Muavmh/}}
bk&m;udkaMumuf&GHUaomolrsm;
qm 22 ; 23
]]xm0&bk&m;udk aMumuf&GHUaom tcsif;wdkY?
csD;rGrf;jcif;udkjyKMuavmh/
,mukyftrsdK;taygif;wdkY?
*kPfaus;Zl;awmfudk
abmfjyMuavmh/ oa&v trsdK; taygif;wdkY? udk,fawmfudk aMumuf&GHUMuavmh/}}
bk&m;ocif \uRefrsm;
qm 113 ; 1 ]]xm0&bk&m;\ uRefawmfwdkY? xm0&bk&m;\ emrawmfudk
csD;rGrf;Mu avmh/ csD;rGrf;Muavmh/}}
qm 134 ; 1 ]]xm0&bk&m;\ tdrfawmf nOfh,Hapmifhaom xm0&bk&m;udk
aumif;BuD;ay;Muavmh/}}
qm 135 ; 1 ]]xm0&bk&m;\ emrawmfudk csD;rGrf;Muavmh/}}
aumif;uifwreftm;vHk;
qm 148 ; 2 ]]b0*fay:rSm csD;rGrf;Muavmh/ aumifuifwreftaygif;wdkY? xm0&
bk&m;udk csD;rGrf;Muavmh/ aumif;uifAdkvfajctaygif;wdkY csD;rGrf;Muavmh/}}

30

zefqif;cH&aomt&mtm;vHk;
qm 148 ; 7-10
]]*k PfawmfcsD;rGrf;vsuf xm0&bk&m;a&SUawmf
oDcsif;qdkMuavmh? apmif;wD;? igwdkY\bk&m;ocifudk axmremoDcsif;qkdMuavmh/
aumif;uifudk rdkCf;wdrf;rsm;ESifh zHk;vTrf;ojzifh? ajrBuD;bkdY rdkCf;a&udkjyifqif?
awmifrsm;ay:rSm
jruf
yifudkaygufapawmfrl \/
jrnfwwfaom
usD;uef;uav;rSp? wd&pmefrsm;wdkYudk auR;arG;awmfrl\/ jrif;\cGeftm;ESifh
vl\vsifjrefjcif;udk tm;&ESpfoufawmfrljcif;r&Sd/
bk&ifrsm;ESifhvlom;tm;vHk;
qm 148 ; 11-13
]]aMumuf&GHUaomolESifh ukPmawmfudk
ajrmfvifhaomolwdkYudk
xm0&bk&m;
ESpfoufawmfrl\/
tdka,&kSvifNrdKU?
xm0&bk&m;udk csD;rGrf;avmh/ tdkZdtkefNrdKU? oif\bk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;avmh/
taMumif;rlum;? oif\wHcg; uefYvefY wdkYudk cdkifrmap? oif\txJrSm
om;orD;rsm;udk aumif;BuD;ay;awmfrl\/}}

b,ftcsdefrSm csD;rGrf;&rnfenf;
eHeuf,HrSnwdkifatmif
qm 113 ; 3 ]]aexG uf&mrSonf ae0if&mwdkif atmif? xm0&bk&m;\ emrawmf
onf csD;rGrf;bG,fjzpf\/}}
waeukef
qm 71 ; 8 ]]*kPf oa&awmfES ifh ,SOfaom axmrempum;udk uREfkyfonf
aeYwdkif; tpOf>rwfqdkygapaom/}}
uREfkyfwdkYtouf&SiforQumvywfvHk;
qm 146 ; 2 ]]xm0&bk&m;udk csD;rGrf ;rnf/ igjzpfpOfumvywfvHk;? ig\bk&m;
ocifudk axmrem oDcsif;qdkrnf/}}
pOfqufrjywf
qm 34 ; 1
]]igonfcyfodrf;aom umvwdkY xm0&bk&m;udk
aumif;BuD;ay;rnf/ *kPfaus;Zl;awmfudk tpOfrjywf >rufqdkrnf/ }}
ndK;i,faomtcg
qm 42 ; 11 ]]tdkigh0d nmOf? oifonftb,faMumifh ndK;i,foenf;/ ightxJrSm
tb,faMumifh rNidrfr0yf&Sdoenf;/ bk&m;ocif udk ajrmfvifhvsuf aeavmh/ igud k
u,fwifawmfrlaomt&Sif ? igudk;uG,faom bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl;awmfudk csD;rGrf;
axmremjyK&avtHhownf;/}}

31

tNrJwrf;
{zuf 5 ; 20
]]cyfodrf;aomt&mwdkY aus;Zl;awmfBuD;vSyg\[k
igwdkYocifa,I
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umvtpOfrjywf 0efcHMu avm/}}

b,fae&mrSm csD;rGrfrvJ/
vly&dwfowf xJ
qm 22 ; 22 25
]]tuREfkyfonf odwif;awmfudk nDtpfwdkYtm;
Mum;ajymygrnf/ y&dwfowftv,frSm udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;yg/}}
]]tuREfkyfonf r[my&d wfowftv,frSm udk, fawmfudk csD;rGrf;? udk,fawmfudk
aMumuf&GHUaom olwdkYa&SUrSm? opmuwdxm;onfhtwdkif; opm0wfudk ajzygrnf/
qm 107 ; 32 ]]vly&dwfowf \tv,frSm xm0&bk&m;udk csD;ajrmuf
toufBuD; olwdkY\ tpnf;ta0; csD;rGrf;Muap/}}
qm 149 ; 1 ]]xm0&bk&m;a&SUawmf topfaomoDcsif;udkqdk? oefY&Sif;olwdkY
pnf;a0;&m *kPfawmfudk csD;rGrf;Muavmh/}}
oefY&Sif;&mXmeawmf
qm 150 ; 1 ]]oefY&Sif ;&mXmeawmf bk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;Muavmh/ bkef;awmf
xif&Sm;&m aumifuifrsuf ESmMuufay:rSm csD;rGrf;Muavmh/}}
wdkif;EdkifiHwdkY^vlrsdK;wdkif;
qm 100 ; 4 ]]aus;Zl;awmfBuD;ygonf[k 0efcHvsuf? wHcg;awmfudk4if;?
*kPfawmf csD;rGrf;vsuf wefwdkif;awmfudk4if; 0ifMuavmh/ aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;
emrawmfudk aumif;BuD;ay;Muavmh/}}
rsm;pGmaomvly&dwfowf tv,f
qm 109 ; 30 ]] tuREfkyfonf Ek wf>rwf? xm0&bk&m;\ *kPfaus;Zl; awmfudk
tvGefcsD;rGrf;ygrnf/ rsm;pGmaomolwdkYtv,f csD;rGrf;ygrnf/}}

jyefvSefavhusifh&efar;cGef;rsm;
1/

bk&m;ociftm; csD;rGrf;oifhonfhtaMumif;jycsuf 3 csufudkaz:jyyg/

2/

rnfonfhtcsdef bk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;rnfenf;/ ormusrf;pmrS taxmuftxm; wpfckudk jy

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3/

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usufrSwf&ef usrf;ydk'f 3-ydk'fudk tpDt&D csa&;yg/

32

tcef; (4)
csD;rGrf;jcif;onf bk&m;ocif\aumif;BuD;rsm;udk,laqmifvmonf
csD;rGrf;jcif;onf &GmoGef;onfhrdk;uJhodkYvnfygwfjcif;
a&oHo&mvnfouJhodkY
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jzpfpOftaMumif;

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urmay:&Sd a&taiGUysHoGm;onf/
a&aiGUonf avxkxJ wdrdpdkifwdrfxkjzpfoGm;onf/
4if;aemuf ajray:odkY jyef&mcsonf/
csD;rGrf;jcif;\ oHo&mvnf yHk
csD;rGrf;jcif;onf tqHk;r&Sdaom t&mjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;ociftm; csD;rGrf;
jcif;,ZfylaZmf xdkcsD;rGrf;jcif;u uREfkyfwdkYtm;

aumif;BuD;r*Fvm
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xm0&bk&m;wnf;[laom bGJUemr&Sdawmfrl\/}}

33

atmufwdkufawmfudk

bk&m;ocif onf aumif;BuD;r*Fvmudk oGef;avmif;onf/

a&udk taiGUysHUap rdk;udk&GmoGef;apouJhodkY olYtm; csD;rGrf;&ef bk&m;ocifac:,l
awmfrljcif;onf uREfkyfwdkYtay: aumif;BuD;r*Fvm oGef;avmif;&efjzpfonf/
a,mb 36 ; 27 28 ]]a&udk okefzsif;ap? txufodkY qGJ,lawmfrl ojzifh?
a&aiGU&Sdonfh twdkif; rdkCf;&Gmwwf\/ rdkCf;wdrfrSm vlwdkYtay:odkY rdkCf;aygufus?
rsm;pGmaom rdkCf;&Gmwwf \/}}
a[ma&S 6 ; 3 ]]ynmudk vnf; &Muvdrfhrnf/ xm0&bk&m;udk odjcif;iSg vdkuf&SmMu
vdrfhrnf/

xGufawmfrlcsdefonf

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a[&Sm, 45 ; 8

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r*FvmtjzpfodkY ajymif;vJapvsuf uREfkyfwdkYtay:odkY jyefvnf oGef;avmif;aponf/
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qm 67 ; 5-6

]] tdkbk&m;ocif ? vlrsm;wdkYonf udk,fawmfudk

csD;rGrf;Muygapaom/ vl rsm;taygif;wdkYonf udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;Muygapaom/

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ay;?

bk&m;ocif wnf;[laom

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qm 147 ; 7-8 ]]*kPfawmfudk csD;rGrf;vsuf xm0&bk&m;a&SUawmf oDcsif;qdkMu
avm/ apmif;wD; igwdkY\bk&m;ocifudk axmremoDcsif;qdkMuavm/ aumif;uifudk
rdkCf;wdrf;rsm;jzifh zHk;vTrf;ojzifh? ajrBuD;bdkY rdkCf;a&udk jyifqif awmifrsm;ay:rSm
jruf yifudkaygufapawmf rl\/}}
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10

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xm0&bk &m; xHawmf? qkawmif;Muavm/ xm0&bk&m;onf vQyfppfudk jyifqif

34

rsm;pGm

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apojzifh?

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onf;cHvsuf

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toD;tESHESifh aumif;BuD;udk jyef&dwfodrf;&rnf/
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ocifonf aumif;BuD;r*Fm jzma0apcsifaom qEoabmobm0 &Sdonf/
rdrdtay:jzma0oGef;avmif;awmfrlaom bk&m;ocif\ aus;Zl;awmfudk wkefYjyefaom
tm;jzifh vl\ESvHk;om;wdkYonf bk&m;ocifxHodkY aEG;axG;EDS;aESmzdkY&ef vdktyfonf/
aeyl&Sdefonf yifv,fa&udk taiGUysHwwfap&ef zefwD;ouJhodkY vlwdkY\ csD;rGrf;jcif;
onfvnf; bk&m;ocifxH jyefwwfzdkYvdkonf/
csD;rGrf;jcif;wdkYonf aumif;BuD; rdk;wdrfwdkYrS jzpfay:aponf/ xdkrdk;wdrfwdkYudk aygif;cH&nf
tjzpfrS ajrjyifay:odkY rdk;&GmoGef;aponf/ xdkrdk;a&rsm;wdkYonf yifv,fwGif;odkY pD;qif;
aomjrpfrsm;udk jzpfaponfhenf;wl yif&if;t0rSjzpfpOfwdkYonf wzefNyD;wzef jyefjzpf
jyefonf/

csD;rGrf;jcif;\tusdK;aus;Zl;rsm;
bk&m;ocifudk vkyfaqmifcGifhjyKonf
wref 16 ; 25 26 ]]oef;acgif tcsd ef aygvkESifhodvwdkYonf yXemjyK bk&m;
ocifudk

csD;rGrf;vsuf

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vnf;

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35

ajrBuD;b@mudkqyGm;xkwf ay;onf
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67

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atmifjrifjcif;udk ,laqmifvmonf/
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ollonf

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tyfvQifNrdKUrS

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ypfcsygrnf[k qdkNyD;rS/}}
usef;rmjcif;udk,laqmif vmonf/
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tdk;wdkYudk aoGUajcmufapwwf\/}}
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a[&Sm, - 60 ; 18
rMum;

&/

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uREfkyfwdkYtm; ajymif;vJapjcif;
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ajymif;vJcJhNyD/
2aum 3 ; 11 18 ]]y,f &Sif;&aomt&monf bkef; &SdvQif? wnfaeaomt&monf
om bkef;&Sd vrfhrnf/
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yHko@mef awmfESifh tnD ajymif;vJ jcif; &Sd&Mu\/}}

36

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1-2

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aemufrStb,fodkYaomoljzpfrnf[k rxif&Sm;ao;/ odkYaomfvnf; udk,fawmfonf
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uscHEdkifonf/
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apmfum;jcif;yifjzpfonf/

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uREfkyfwdkYonf ocifbk&m;a&SU 0rf;ajrmuf&ef trdefYay;jcif;cH&NyD;jzpfonf/

37

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emrawmfudk

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aqmifcJh&Murnf/
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1 &mcsKyf 16 ; 10 ]]oefY&Sif;aomemrawmf 0g<um;0rf;ajrmufMuavmh/ xm0&
bk&m;udk &SmaomolwdkYonf pdwfESvHk;&Tifvef;Muap/}}
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Muavm/

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38

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55

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rnf/ uREfkyfwdkY\ 0rf;ajrmufjcif;udk qefYusif4if;? qHk;IHl;apjcif;tm;jzifh4if; uREfkyfwdkY
\ESvHk;om;twGif;rS pdkufysdK;NyD;aom EIwfuywfawmfudk cdk;,lcGifhjyKjcif;ESifhtwlwlyif
jzpfonf/
rmuk 4 ; 4 14-17 ]]taphudkusifhonfwGif tcsKdUaomtaph wdkYonf vrf ;us
ojzifh ? rdkCf;aumif;uifiSufwdkYonf vmaumufpm;Mu\/}}
rsdK;aphBuJaomolonf w&m;pum;udkBuJ\/ w&m;pum;udk vrf;BuJjcif;taMumif;
t&mum;?
ESvHk;BuJaom

w&m;pum;udk

Mum;onf&Sdaomf?

w&m;pum;udk

ausmuf aygaomt&yf
0rf;ajrmuf aompdwfESvHk;

BuJjcif;

pmwefonfcsuf jcif;vm

EIduf ,lwwfonf [k
taMumif;t&mum;?

csufjcif;cH,l

aomf vnf;

qdk vdkownf;/
w&m;pum;udkMum;

pdwfESvHk;

tjrpfrpGJ

cPomwnf ojzifh w&m;pum;aMumifhtrItcif;ESifh nif;qJjcif;udk cH&aomtcg

csufjcif;azmufjyefwwfonf[k qdkvdkownf;/

39

0rf;ajrmufjcif;onf toD ;oD;aponf

udk,fawmf\ EIwfuywfawmfrsdK;aphonf uREfkyfwdkY\ ESvHk;om; usdef;0yf ol\
0rf;ajrmufjcif;onfvnf; uREfkyfwdkytwGif; usef&pfwnf&Sdaeayrnf/
a,m 15 ; 10 11 ]]igonfighcrnf;awmf\ ynwf awmf udk apmifha&Smuf
crnf;awmf\

arwm

wnfaeouJhodkY

oifwdkYonf

apmifha&SmufvQif?

igharwmwnfaeMuvdrfhrnf/

ig0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif ;

wnf apjcif;iSg4if;

ighynwfwdkYudk
oifwdkY

oifwdkY0rf;ajrmufp&mtaMumif;

pHkvifapjcif;iSg4if;? pum;udkoifwdkYtm; iga[m ajym\/}}

bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmfudk emcHjcif;jzifh ol\0rf;ajrmufjcif;onf uREkfyfwdkY
wnfaeayrnf/

ol\0rf;ajrmufjcif;onf,m,Dr[kwf/

wpdwfwa'ovnf;r[kwf/

oG,f0dkufaomtaMumif;t&mvnf;r[kwf (Circumstanfial) vHk;0 jynfhpHkjcif;jzpf onf/

a[NAJ 10 ; 32-33 ]]oifwdkYonf tvif;odkYa&mufNyD;onfaemuf? vlrsm;a&SUrSm
uJh&JUnif;qJjcif;udk cH&ojzifh? xdkokdYcH&aomolwdkYESifh qufqHaomtaygif;taz:
jzpfojzifh4if;?

BuD;pGmaomqif;&J'kua0'emrsm;udk

qdkifNydKif

wdkufvSefjcif;ESifh

awGUBuHK aomtxufumv tcsdefudk atmufarhMuavm/}}

1ay

12-13

]]cspfolwdkY?

oifwdkYudk

pHkprf;p&mbkdY,ckcH&aom

rD;ppfjcif;t&mudk um;? oifwdkY tHhMobG,faomt&mjzpfonf[k xifrSwf?

tHhMojcif;r&SdMuESifh/ oifwdkY onf c&pfawmf\ qif;&Judk qufqHMuonfjzpf?
bkef;awmf ay:xGef;aom tcg tvGef0rf;ajrmuf&Tifvef;rnftaMumif;? ,ckyif
0rf;ajrmufMuavmh/}}
rJ 5 ; 11-12 ]]igh aMumifhoifwd kYudk uJh&JUnif;qJ rrSefbJ vsuf tjypf wum
wifMuaomtcg?

oifwdkYonf

r*Fvm&SdMu\/

0rf;ajrmuf&TifjrL;jcif;&SdMuavm/

taMumif;rlum;? aumif;uifbHk oifwdkY\ tusdK;onfBuD;vSay\/ oifwdkYa&SUu

ay:xGef;aom ya&mzufwdkYudk xdkenf;wlnif;qJMuNyD/}}
a,m 16 ; 22 ]]xdkenf;wl? ,ckwGifoif wdkYonf 0rf;enf;jcif;&SdMuaomf vnf;?
aemufwzefoifwdkYudk

igawGUjrifojzifh

pdwfESvHk;0rf;ajrmufjcif;&SdMuvdrfh
vk,ufzsufqD;jcif;iSg rwwfEdkif/}}

40

rnf/

xdk0rf;ajrmufjcif;udk

oifwdkYonf
tb,folrS

0rf;ajrmufjcif;onf cGeftm;udk,laqmifvmonf
uREfkyfwdkY&Tifvef;pGmjzifh bk&m;ociftm; csD;rGrf;vsuf udk,fawmf\ cGeftm;udk vufcH
&&Sdayrnf/
ae[rd 8 ; 10 ]]oGm;Muavmh? NrdefpGmaomtpmudkpm;Muavmh/ csdKaomt&nfudk
aomufMuavmh/ qif;&JaomolwdkYtm; a0rQMuavmh/ onfaeY&ufonf igwdkY
bk&m;&SiftbdkY oefY&Sif;\/ 0rf;renf;MuESifh? xm0&bk&m;ay;awmfrlaom tcGifhESifh
tm;,l 0rf;ajrmufMuavm[k vltaygif;wdkYtm;qdkMu\/}}
0rf;ajrmufjcif;onf tjypf'kpdkufudkatmifjrifonf/
&Tifvef;0rf;ajrmufjcif;onf tjypf'kpdkufESifh pmwefudk atmifjrif&ef aomhcsufjzpf onf/
uREfkyfwdkYonf

&Tifvef;0rf;ajrmufpGm

uwdawmfudk

pGJudkifvQif

cH,lvQif

uREfkyf

wdkY\c&pf,meftoufwm cGeftm;ESifh4if;? atmifjrifjcif;ESifh4if; cHpm;&ayvdrfhrnf/

1a,m 2 ; 13 14 ]]bk&m;ocif \ om;awmfudk ,HkMunfaomolwdkYonf xm0&
toufudk udk,fwdkif&onf[k odapjcif;iSg? t&mrsm;udk oifwdkYtm; iga&;ay;
vdkuf\/ igwdkYonf bk&m;ociftxH awmf &J&ifhjcif;taMumif;[lrlum;? igwdkYonf
tvdkawmfESifhtnD

wpHkwckaomqkudk

awmif;vQif?

bk&m;ocifonf

em;axmifawmf rl\/}}
0rfajrmufjcif;onfrlvtaetxm;odkY jyefwnf&ef,laqmifvmonf/ ydkYaqmifaponf/
tu,fpmwefu uREfkyfwkdY\ 0rf;ajrmufjcif;udk ckd;,l uREfkyfwdkY\ EIwfuywfawmf
rsdK;aphESifh

uREfkyfwdkY\

aumif;jrwfjcif;rsm;?

atmifjrifjcif;rsm;

aysmufqHk;oGm;ygu

xdkt&mrsm;tm;vHk;udk jyef&Edkifonf/
bk&m;ocif\ tdrfawmf 0rf;ajrmufpGm uREfkyfwdkY\ toHudk jrifhcsD;rGrf;jcif;,Zfudk
qufuyfvQif

zrf;qD;xm;cH&jcif;rS

uREfkyfwdkY

vTwfajrmuf

pwefcdk;,lorQaom

t&mtm;vHk;udk olujyefay;&vdrhfrnf/
a,&rd 33 ; 9-11 ]]NrdKUonf ig0rf;ajrmufp&m taMumif ;? ajray:rSmcyfodrf;
aom vlrsdK;wdkYwGif csD;rGrf;p&mtaMumif;? *kPfoa&awmf ausmfapmp&mtaMumif;
jzpfvdrfhrnf/
Mum;odMu

NrdKUom;wdkYtm;
vdrfhrnf/

aMumuf&GUHwk efvIyfMu

igjyKorQaom

NrdKUigjyKpkorQaom
vdrfhrnf/

41

aus;Zl;udk

vltrsKd;rsdK;wdkYonf

pnf;pdrfcsrf;omudk

xm0&bk&m;rdefYawmfrlonfum;?

axmuf
vlr&Sd?

wd&dpmefr&Sd? qdwfnHNyD[k oifwdkY qdkwwfaom t&yf4if; vlr&Sd/ wd&dpmefr&Sd ?

aeaomolr&Sd?

qdwfnHaom

,k'NrdKU

rsm;?

a,k&S vifvrf;rsm;wdkY4if;?

aemufwzef0rf;ajrmufaomtoH? &TifvefaomtoH? r*FvmaqmifowdkYom;toH?

r*FvmaqmifowdkYorD;toH?
ukPmawmf onf

xm0&bk&m;onf

tpOftNrJwnf aomaMumifh?

aumif;jrwfawmfrl
aumif uifAdkvf

ajct&Sif

xm0&bk &m;udk csD;rGrf;Muavm[k qdkaomolwdkY \toH? csD;rGrf;&m ylaZmfoumudk

AdrmefawmfodkY aqmifcJhaom olwdkY\toH udk Mum;&Muvdrfhrnf/ taMumif;rlum;?
odrf;oGm;jcif;udkcH&aom jynfom;wdkYudk igaqmifcJh? t&ifuJhodkY aeaprnf[k
rdefYawmfrl\/}}
ckESpfqjyefay;&vdrfhrnf/
uREfkyfwdkYonf &Tifvef;ouJhodkY uREfkyfwdkYxHrS cdk;,loGm;aom t&mrsm;udk (&q) jyefay; &ef
pmwefxHrS awmif;qdkEdkifonf/
a,m 10 ; 10 ]] ol cdk;onf cdk;jcif;? owfjcif;? zswfqD;jcif;iSgomvmwwf\/
igrlum;odk;wdkYonf toufvGwfHkrQru txl;ojzifh toufESifhjynfhpHkapjcif;iSg
vmownf;/
okwH 6 ; 30-31 ]]rGwfodrfhaom pdwfajyapjcif;iSg? cdk;aomolyif tjypf rvGwf&/
awGUrdvQif 7-qjyefay;&rnf/ udk,ftdrf &SdorQaom OpmwdkYudk avsmf&rnf/
,ckyif pwif 0rf;ajrmuf&Tifvef;MuygpdkY

jyefvSefavhusifh&efar;cGef;rsm;
1/

csD;rGrf;jcif;onf a&oHo&mvnfyHkESifhtwlwljzpfaMumif;azmfjyyg/

2/

csD;rGrf;jcif;\ tusdK;aus;Zl; 2-&yfudkazmfjyyg/

3/

]]ocifbk&m; 0rf;ajrmufjcif;}} \taMumif; 2-&yfudkazmfjyyg/

42

tcef; (5)
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh pyfqdkifaom usrf;pum;
"ra[mif;usrf;rS csD;rGrf;jcif;udk jyefqdkcsuf
"ra[mif;usrf;xJ csD;rGrf;jcif;qdkonfhpum;vHk;udk xl;jcm;uGJjym;aom a[NAjpum;rsm;
(a0g[m&)tm;jzifh azmfjycJhMuonf/ a0g[m&wdkYudk avhvmjcif;jzifh ,aeY bk&m;
ocifudk csD;rGrf;jcif; t"dyg,fudk ydkrdk&Sif;vif;aom em;vnf;rIwckudk az:jyonf/
a[NAJbmomjzifh csD;rGrf;jcif; pum;vHk;udk azmfjy&m pdwfwwf<urIESifh vkyfaqmifyg?
yg0ifonf/
Halal
"Halal" csD;rGrf;jcif;udk "Halal" ]][mav}} qdkonfhpum;ESifh t"dyg,fjyefqdkxm;&m

"ra[mif;usrf; tBudrfaygif; (60)cefY yg&So

d nf/ qdkvdkonfrSm ol\csD;rGrf;jcif;onf olY
(bk&m;ocif) xHrSvmonf/ (eH0dnmOfESifh opmESifh)

yHkoufaotjzpfjy&ef
qm 22 ; 22

]]uREfkyfonfodwif;awmfudk nDtpfudkwdkYtm; Mum;ajymygrnf/

y&dwfowftv,frSm udk ,fawmfudk csD ;rGrf;ygrnf/}}

0g<um;&ef
qm

102

vlrsdK;tbdkYa&rSwf&rnf/

18

]]xdktaMumif;t&mudk
jyKjyifawmfrlvwHhaomvlwdkYonf

aemifjzpfvwHhaom
xm0&bk&m;udk

csD;rGrf;Muvdrfhrnf/}}

csD;usL;*kPfjyK&ef
qm 35 ; 18 ]]aus;Zl; awmfBuD;vSyg\[k r[my&dwfowftv,frSm tuREfkyf0efcH
ygrnf/ rsm;pGmaomvlpkwG if udk,fawmf udkcsD;rGrf;ygrnf/}}

pdwftm;xufoefpGm ajymazmfjyonf/
qm 107 ; 32

]]vly&dwfowf\tv,frSm xm0&bk&m;udk csD;ajrmuf

toufBuD;olwdkY\ tpnf;ta0;csD;rGrf;Muap/}}
43

 *kPftoa&csD;jrif&ef
qm 64 ; 10

]]ajzmifhrwfaomolonf xm0&bk&m; 0rf ;ajrmuf

cdkvIHvdrfhrnf/ oabmajzmifhaomoltaygif;wdkYonf 0g<um;Muvdrfhrnf/}}

tvif;vif;ap&ef
a,mb 41 ; 18 ]]olacsqwf aomtcg tvif;awmuf wwf\/ olYrsufpdonf
eHeuf rsufawmifcwfouJhodkYjzpf\/}}
ppfrSefaom csD;rGrf;jcif; &Si;f vif; xl;jcm;uGJjym;aom cdkifrmaom zGifhqdkcsuf&Sd&ef
vdkonf ppfrSefaom &nf&G,fcsuf IyfaxG;raeoifhay/ onfrSm csD;usL;*kPfjyKjcif; ESifh
ocifbk&m; 0g<um;jcif;wnf;[laom rSwfwrf;rSwf&mrsm;jzpfonf/
2 &mcsKyf 20-22 ]]eufjzefeHeufapmapmx? awaumawmodkY xGufoGm;Mu\/
oGm;MupOfwGif
em;axmif

a,mIzwfonf&yf

Muavmh/

wnfMunfMuvdrfhrnf/

oifwdkY\

tdk,k'jynfol

bk&m;ocifudk

ya&mzufawmfwdkYudk

a,k&SvifNrdKUom;wdkY?

,HkMunfMuavmh/

odkYjyKvQif

,HkMunfMuavmh/

odkYjyKvQif

atmifjrifMuvdrfhrnf[k rdefYawmf rl\/ vlrsm;ESifhwdkifyifNyD;rS? xm0&bk&m;\

ukPmawmf onf

tpOftNrJwnf

aomaMumifh?

*kPfaus;Zl;awmfudk

csD;rgrf;Muavmh[k wyfa&SUrSmcsD;oGm;vsuf? oefY&Sif; jcif;toa&udk csD;rGrf;&aom

oDcsif;onfwdkYudk

xm0&bk&m;tbdkY

cefxm;aomwfrl\/

xdkolwdkYonf

csD;rGrf;&moDcsif;udk qdkpjyKMuaomtcg? ,k'jynfudk wdkuftHhaom iSgvmaom?

pd&awmifom;wdkYudk trKeftrsdK;om;? armbtrsdK;om;wdkY wbuf xm0&bk&m;
acsmif;ajrmif; apawmfrlojzifh?

trKeftrsdK;om;?

armbtrsdK;

om;wdkYonf

txdtcdkufcH&aomaMumif?}}
Tehillah (Halal qdkonfhpum;rSqif;oufvmonf)
"Tehillah" qdkonfha0g[m&\ aveufapaom t"dyg,fonf qufvufoDqdkjcif;

jzpfonf/ xdkpum;vHk;udk "ra[mif; 57-Budrfwdkif toHk;jyKonfudk awGU&onf/

&Sif;vif;aom csD;rGrf;jcif;oDcsif;udkqdkyg
qdkvdkonfrSm bk&m;ociftm; csD;rGrfonfh? t"dyg,f&Sif;vif;onfh oDcsif;udk zGifhxkwf
oDqdk&efjzpfonf/

44

qm

119

171

]]txHk;tzGJUawmfwdkYudk

oGefoifawmfrlaomtcg?

tuREfkyf\EIwf onf csD;rGrf;jcif;udk >rufqdkygrnf/}}

udk,fawmftm; *kPfawmfcsD;rGrf;oDqdk&ef
[A 3 ; 3 ]]bk&m;ocifonf awrefNrdKUrS4if;? oefY&Sif;aombk&m;onf yg&ef
awmifrS4if; <uawmfrl \/ bkef;awmfonf rkdCf;aumif;uifudk zHk;tkyfvsuf? ajrBuD;
onf *kPftoa&awmfESifh jynfhpHkvsuf&Sd\/}}

udk,fawmftaMumif;udk0g<um;&ef
pum;vHk;tm;jzifh4if;? aw;*Dwtm;jzif4h if; udk,fawmftaMumifudk 0g<um;&ef/
w&m; - 10 ; 21

]]xm0&bk&m;onf oif \*kPftoa&? oif\bk&m;ocif

jzpfawmfrl\/ oifonf udk,frsufpdESi fh jrifonftwdkif;? aMumufrufbG,faom

trlt&mBuD;wdkYudk oifhtbdkYjyKawmfrlNyD/}}
Shabach (&Smbuf)

us,faomtoHESifha<u;aMumf&ef
qm 63 ; 3 ]]ukPmawmfonf touf xufomaumif;aomaMumifh? tuREfkyf
\EIwfonf udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;&ygrnf/}}

atmifyGJaMumifh &Tifvef;pGma<u;aMumf&ef
'H 2 ; 23 ]]tuREfkyfbkd;ab;wdkY\ bk&m;ocif? tuREfkyftm; ynmtpGrf;owdudk
ay;oem;? tuREfkyfudkqkawmif;onftwdkif;? &Sifbk&if\tdyf rufudk zGifhjyawmfrl
aom aus;Zl; awmfudk csD;rG rf;axmrem jyKyg\[k 'H a,v>rufqdkNyD;rS?}}

atmifjrifrIbkef;awmfxif&Sm;ap&ef
qm 117 ; 1

]]vlrsdK;taygif;wdkY? xm0&bk&m;udk csD;rGrf;Muavm/

vltEG,ftaygif; wdkY? tvGefcsD;rGrf;Muavmh/}}

csD;rGrf;jcif; tNrJwrf; qlnHae&ef rvdktyfyg/ tcsdefwdkif; a<u;aMumfae&efvnf; rvdk
tyfyg/ bk&m;ocifxH csD;rGrf;jcif;\ tjyKtrl tH0if*Gifusaom tcsdefrSomvQif
xdka<u;aMumfrIudk oHk;yg/

45

qm 47 ; 1 ]]vltaygif;wdkY? vufckyfwD;Muavmh/ bk&m;ocifxHodkY atmifoHudk

vTifh a<u;aMumfMuavmh /}}
Zamar

]]Zrfrm}}qdkonfrSm

BudK;wyfwl&d,mudk wD;cwfjcif;jzpfonf/
wl&d,mtoHESifh vdkufzufaom csD;rGrf;jcif;oDcsif;udk oDqdkEdkifaom nmOfjzpfonf/
(tmHk&Sdjcif;)
qm 108 ; 1-3 ]]tdkbk &m;ocif? tuREfkyfESvHk;onf wnfMunfyg\/ oDcsif;qdkyg
rnf/ 0dnmOfygvsuf csD;rGrf;axmremjyKygrnf/ wa,mESifhapmif;wdkY Edk;Muavmh/
igonfapmapmEdkrnf/ tdkxm0&bk&m;? y&dwfowftv,f udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;
ygrnf/ vlrsdK;wdkYwGif udk,fawmft m; axmremoDcsif; qdkygrnf/}}
Yadah

]],m'g}} qdkonfrSm -

aus;Zl;awmf0efcHjcif;udk a&SUodkYxkwfay;jcif;jzpfonf
qm 109 ; 30 ]]tuREfkyfonf EIwfrG wf? xm0&bk&m;\ *kPfaus;Zl; awmfudk
tvGefcsD;rGrf;ygrnf/ rsm;pGmaomolwdkYtv,frSm csD;rGrf;ygrnf/}}

bk&m;ocifxHodkY vufESpfbufudk qefYaus;Zl;wifcsD;rGrf;&ef pOf;pm; qifjcifjcif;/

qm 33 ; 2 134 ; 2 ]]apmif;wD; xm0&bk &m;udk csD;rGrf; Muavmh/ axmrem
jyKjcif;tusifhonf oabmajzmifhaomolwdkYESifh xdkufwefavsmufywfay\/}}
]] oefY&Sif;&mXmeawmfodkY vufudkcsD? xm0&bk&m;udk aumif;BuD;ay;Muavmh/}}

0efcHjcif;
2&mcsKyf 7 ; 3 ]]xdkodkYrD;us xm0&bk&m;\bkef;awmfonf tdrfawmfay:rSm
oufa&muf onfudk
ausmufcif; t&yf

oa&vtrsdK;om;taygif;wdkYonf
ajray:rSmjyyf 0yf vsuf

ukPmawmf tpOftNrJ

wnfonf[k

*kPfawmfcsD;rGrf;Mu\/}}

46

jrifvQif?

aumif;jrwfawmfrlonf?
xm0&bk &m;udkudk;uG,f

Towadah

]]wdk'g}} Toudah onf Yadah uJhodkYt"dyg,fudk tajccH qif;oufvmonf/

vufudkqefY MunfndKav;pm;pGmjzifh bk&m;ocifudk aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;

jzpfonf/
qm 42 ; 4
aMuuGJ

]]xdk tcsif;t&mudk igatmufarhaepOf wGif? ighpdwfESvHk;onf

vsuf&Sd\/

taMumif;rl um;?

igonf

vlpkrsm;ESifhaygif;abmfvsuf?

&Tifvef;jcif;toH? axmremjyKjcif;toHwdkYudk NydKifqdk? "ryGJcHaomvlpkrsm;ESifhtwl

bk&m;ocif\ tdrfawmfodkY ajznif;pGm oGm;vSavNyD/}}

aus;Zl;wifaMumif; azmfjycsufudk ,Zfjzifhudk;uG,fqnf;uyfjcif;

qm 50 ; 23 ]]aus;Zl;csD;rGrf;jcif; ,ZfudkylaZmf aomolonf ig\bkef;ud k
xif&Sm;ap

aomoljzpf\/

rdrdoGm;aomvrf;udk

qifjcifaomol t m;vnf;?

u,fwifawmfrljcif; aus;Zl;udk igjyrnf[k bk&m;ocifrdefYawmfrl\/}}

Barak

]]b&uf(c)}} Barak qdkonfrSm av;pm;MunfndKpGmjzifh 'l;axmuf0efcHjcif;/

qm 95 ; 6 (c)

]]igwdkYudkzefqif;aomrlaom xm0&bk&m;\a&SUawmf

'l;axmuf MuukeftHh/}}
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Shachah

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qm 95 ; 6 (u) ]] jyyf0yf udk;uG,fMuukeftHh/}}
47

jy0yf

a[NAJbmomrScsD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;t"dyg,fudk&SmazGawGU&Sdazmfxkwfjcif;
um,trI t &mjzifh okyfj yjcif;
csD;rGrf;jcif;onf 0dnmOfydkif;qdkif&m pdwftaetxm;udk kyfydkif;qdkif&mESifh azmfjyjcif;yif
jzpfonf/ bk&m;ocif\ zGifhjycsufESifh BuD;jrwfjcif;udk ESvHk;om;twGif;rS okyfjy
wkefYjyefjcif;jzpfonf/
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jyZmwf-*kPfjyKyGJ? csD;jrifjcif; tm;rmef wl&d,mrsm; wD;cwfjcif;? vufajrmufjcif;ESifh
'l;axmuf0efcHjcif;wdkYyg0ifonf/
trSefwu,fawmh csD;rGrf;jcif;onf xif&Sm;jyojcif;wpfckjzpfonf/
toHjzifhazmfj yjcif;
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MunfvifaomtoH?

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jcif;ESifh bk&m;ocifudk aus;Zl;wifpGmjzifh 0efcHjcif; ,ZfylaZmfjcif;jzpfonf/
pdwf\cHpm;rIudk vTwfxkwfjcif;
csD;rGrf;jcif;onf pdwfcHpm;rIudk vTwfxkwfjcif;jzpfEdkifonf/ bk&m;ociftm csD;rGrf;jcif; onf
pdwfcHpm;rIqdkif&m avhusifhjcif;r[kwf? tcef;tem;r[kwf/ t&monf 0dnmOf qdkif&m
Edk;xvkyfaqmifrIjzpfonf/ ppfrSeaf om csD;rGrf;jcif;onf pdwfvIy&f Sm;rIqdkif&m vTifhxkwfrIudk
aqmif,lvmonf/
pdwf\cHpm;rIonf ZmwdESifh taoG;tom;twGuf rvGJraoG vdktyfonfht&m r[kwf ay/
bk&m;ocifonf uREfkyfwdkYtm; pdwfvIyf&Sm;rI (pdwfcHpm;rI)udk ay; xdkt&mt;jzifh
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us,favmifpGm a<u;aMumfjcif;jzifh azmfjyjcif;wdkYyg0ifonf)/
pdwfvIyf&Sm;rI csD;usL;*kPfjyKjcif;? tm;rmefESifh ajymqdkjcif;? us,favmifpGma<u;aMumf
jcif;jzifh oabmxm;udk azmfjyjcif;wdkY yg0ifonf/

48

MunfndKav;pm;jcif;
csD;rGrf;jcif;

MunfndKav;pm;aom

ESvHk;om;ESifh

vkyfaqmif&efjzpfonf/

MunfndK

av;pm;onfqdk&m csD;jrifhjcif;ESif wpHkwOD;udk oifhavsmfpGm jrwfEdk;jcif;udk qdkvdkonf/

oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\

bdwfodwfESifh

pD;qif;rI

e,ferdwfjyify

csD;rGrf;jcif;

vkyfaqmifrIrsm; ydkvQHpGm vkyfaqmifjcif;jzifh xdktxl;0wfjyKudk;uG,fjcif; tpnf;ta0; udk

,dk,Gif;ysufpD;rI rjzpfygapESifh/
bk&m;ociftm;

csD;rGrf;jcif;onf

rdrdudk,frdrd

aysmf&Tif0rf;ajrmufapaomt&mrQom

r[kwfacs/ bk&m;ocifxHodkY MunfndKav;pm;jcif; aus;Zl;wifjcif;wdkY azmfjyjcif;jzifh

qufuyfaomt&mjzpfoifhonf/
ed*Hk;
a[NAJpum;tm;jzifh

ed*Hk;csKyfEdkifygonf/

bk&m;ocifonf

eH0dnmOfjzpfaomaMumifh

uRefkyfwdkYonf eH0dnmOfESifh4if;? opmESifh4if; udk;uG,f&rnf/

csD;rGrf;jcif;onf pdwfcHpm;rIaMumifh vIyf&Sm;wuf<ujcif;jzpfayrnf/ odkYaomf csD;rGrf;jcif;
onf uREfkyfwdkY\ aoG;om;aysmf&TifrI oufoufjzpfjcif;udk umuG,f 0dnmOft&mudk
OD;pm;ay;aomt&mjzpf&rnf/
a,m - 4 ; 23-24
eH0dnmOfESifh4if;?

opESifh4if;

,ckyifa&mufvsuf&Sd\/
crnf;awmfonf
bk&m;ocif udk

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udk;uG,f&rnfhtcsdefumvonf

taMumif;

tvdk&Sdawmfrl\/
udk;uG,faom

rlum;

xdkodkYudk;uG,faomolwdkYudk

bk&m;ocifonf

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vm

eH0dnmOfjzpfawmfrl\/

eH0dnmOfESifh4if;?

op m

ESifh4if ;

udk;uG,f&rnf[k rdefYawmfrl\/}}

"ropfusrf;yg csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;udk teufjyefjcif;

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pum;vHk;tcsdKUudk avhvmjcif;jzifh bk&m;ociftm; csD;rGrf;jcif;udk ydkouf0ifap
cHpm;rIt"dyg,frsm;ydk ay:vGifaponf/

49

Aineo

csD;rGrf;jcif;,ZfylaZmfjcif;(odkY) csD;usL;*kPfjyKjcif;
a&m

15

11

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xm0&bk&m;udk

csD;rGrf;Muavmh/

vltEG,ftaygif; wdkY tvGefcsD;rGrf;Muavmh[k vm\/}}

aus;Zl;wifaMumif;toHudkjrifh a<u;aMumfjcif;
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wynfh awmfrsm;taygif;wdkYonf rdrdwdkYjrifcJhNyD;aom wefcdk;awmfrsm;udkaxmuf
0rf;ajrmuf aompdwfESvHk;ESifh bk&m;ocifudk axmremjyK?}}
Epaino

Mobmay;&ef
1ay

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oifwdkY,HkMunfjcif;udk

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Mu\/}}

csD;usL;*kPfjyK&ef
{zuf 1 ; 6 ]]igwdkYtm; ay;awmfrlaom aus;Zl;awmf\ bkef;toa&udk
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tvdkawmf&Sdaom apwemtwdkif; a&S;rqGu cGJcefYrSwfom;awmfrl\/}}
Eulogeo

aumif;jrwfaMumif;csD;rGrf;pum;ajymjcif;
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pum;tm;jzifh bk&m;ocif\aus;Zl;awmfudk csD;rGrf;av\/}}

50

Doxa

crf;em;BuD;us,f*kPftoa&&Sdaom
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xufom rSwfom;rdatmif zefwD;ay;onf/

Proskuneo

ESdrfhcsOD;Gwfjcif;
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jyyf0yfjcif;jzpfonf/
rJ 2 ; 2

]],ckbGm;jrifaom ,k'&Sifbk&if onf? tb,frSm&Sdawmf r loenf;/

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ar;jref; ajymqdkMu\/}}

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qmvHqdkonfh
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qJvfrdkY(p)}}

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uAsm}}

[ljzpfonf/
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qmvHudk

aw;*Dwjzifh

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51

Spiritual Song
Pneumatikos ode (0dnmOfa&;&moDcsif;)[lonf *&dpum;\ t"dyg,fonf ]]oefY&Sif;

aom0dnmOfawmfu xdkumvrSm ay;aom tvdktavsmufjzpfay:vmonfh aw;pm

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jyefvSefavhusifh&efar;cGef;rsm;
1/

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t"dyg,fudkazmfjyyg/

2/

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csD;rGrf;jcif;qdkonfhpum;vHk;

2-vHk;udk

az:jyyg/

*&dbmom

&Sif;vif;onfh 4if;wdkY\t"dyg,fudkaz:jyyg/
3/

bk&m;ociftm; 0wfjyKudk;uG,fjcif;[lonfh a[NAJbmompum;\ teuft"dyg,fudk &Sif;yg/

4/

0wfjyKudk;uG,fjcif;[lonfh *&dpum;vHk; 2-vHk;\ teuft"dyg,fudkaz:jyyg/

52

pum;jzifh

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uREfkyfwdkYonf csD;rGr;f udk;uG,f&eftwGuf zefqif;cH&olrsm;jzpfonf/ b0toufwm
uREfkyfwdkY\

tBuD;rm;qHk;aomqEonf

csD;rGrf;udk;uG,f&efjzpfonf/

uREfkyfwdkYtouf

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&efom;ESifhorD;rsm;udk bk&m;ocif&Smaeonf[k &Sifa,m[efu ajymygonf/
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opmw&m;ESifh4if;? udk;uG,f&rnfhtcsdefumvonf vm ,ckyifa&mufvsuf&Sd\?
taMumif;rlum;? xdkodkYudk;uG,faomolwdkYudk crnf;awmfonf tvdk&Sdawmfrl\/}}

oDcsif;qkdjcif;t&m bk& m;ocif0rf;ajrmuf&Tifvef;onf

oDcsif;oDqdkjcif;tm;jzifh uREfkyfwdkYtay: bk&m;ocif &Tifvef;0rf;ajrmufonf/
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&onf/

53

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wrefrsm;udk OD;aqmifuGyfuJ&onf/

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54

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55

ESdyfpufaomoifonf?

ajrwdkifatmif

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Asm'dwf

12

7-9

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56

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57

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58

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59

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60

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62

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oDcsif;qdkoHudk4if;? &Tifvef;aom toHudk4if;? igwdkY awmif;Muygonfwum;/

wuRef;wEdkifiH xm0&bk&m;\ oDcsif;udk tb,fodkY qdk&ygrnfenf;/}}

63

 vGwfvyfaomtcg
aemifESpfaygif; 70 MumNyD;aemuf olwdkYudkzrf;oGm;jcif;rS NyD;pD;&yfpJoGm;aomtcg olwdkY
onf oDcsif;qdkjcif;ESifh4if; &,farmjcif;ESifh4if;? 0rf;ajrmufpGmjzifh tdrfjyefvmMuonf/
qm 126 ; 1-2

]]brf;oGm;csKyfxm;aom Zdtkefom;wdkYudk xm0&bk&m;

jyefvmap awmrlaomtcg? igwdkYonf tdyfrufaomoluJhodkY jzpfMu\/ xdktcg

igwdkYEIwfonf &,fjcif;ESifh4if;? igwdkYvQmonf oDcsif;qdkjcif;ESifh4if; jynfh0\/
wyg;trsKd;om;wdkY

uvnf;

xm0&bk&m;onf

oltbdkYBuD;aomtrIudk

jyKawmfrlNyD[k qdkMu\/}}

"ra[mif;umvrS csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh udk;uG,fjcif;qdkif&maw;*Dw

yxrqHk;awmif;qdkjcif;
urm 4 ; 21 ]],kAvtrnf&Sdaom nDrlum;? ? apmif;rsdK;? ESJc&mrsdK;wdkYudk wD;rIwf
wwfaomol taygif;wdkY\ tbq&mjzpfavownf;/
Yabal (odkY) Jubal ,kAv(a[NAJ)\ t"dyg,frSm wcrf;wem; prf;acsmif;uJhodkY pd;qif;jcif;[l
t"dyg,f&onf/ onfrSm '@m&DESihf EDS;aESmywfoufaeaMumif; az:jyonf/

arma&S
arm&SESifh oa&v om;orD;wdkYonf bk&m;ociftm; oDcsif;qdkMuonf/
xGuf

15

1-2

]]xdktcg

arma&S ESifh

oa&vtrsdK;om;wdkYonf?

xm0&bk &m;tm; oDcsif;qdkaom pum;[lrlum; xm0&bk &m;onf bkef;yGifhvsuf

atmifyGJcHawmfrlonf jzpf? udk,fawmftm; oDcsif;qdkygthH/ jrif;ESifhjrif;pD;ol&Judk
yifv,fxJodkY vSJcsawmf rlNyD/}}

rd&dtH
rd&dtHESifh

oa&vtrsdK;orD;tm;vHk;onf

bk&m;ociftm;

oDqdkaom

oDcsif;udk

wkefYjyef rd&dtHudk,fwdkif xdkoDcsif;udk pyfqdkonf/

xGuf 15 ; 20-21 ]]tmkef\trjzpfaom ya&mzufr rd&dtHonf ywf omudk
udkifrdef;rtaygif;wdkYonf

ywfomwD;vsuf?

uvsuf

vdkufoGm;Mu\/

rd&dtHuvnf ; xm0&bk &m;onf bkef;yGifhvsuf atmifyGJudk cHawmfrlonfjzpf

64

udk,fawmftm;

oDcsif;qdkMuavmh/

jrif;ESifh

jrif;pD;ol&Judk

yifv,fxJodkY

vSJcsawmfrlNyD[k olwdkYESifh toH NydKif qdkav\/}}

oa&v
oa&vwdkYonf aw;oD;csif;jzifh *kPfjyKoDqdkMuonf/
awm 21 ; 17 ]]xdktcg oa&vtrsdK ;u tdk wGif;a&xGuf avmh/ xGufatmif
oDcsif;qdkMuavmh/}}

a'aAm&ESifhAm&uf
a'aAm&ESifh Am&ufonf olwdkY\ atmifjrifrItwGuf *kPfjyKoDcsif;udk oDqdkcJhonf/
w&m; - 5 ; 1-3 ]]wzefarma&Sonf oa&vtrsKd;om;taygif;wdkYudkac:? tdk
oa&vtrsdK;om;wdkY ,aeYoifwdkYtm; iga[majymaom pD&ifxHk;zGJUcsufwdkYudk
oifwdkYonf oGefoif usifhjcif;iSg? owdjyKrnftaMumif; em;axmifMuavmh/ igwdkY
bk&m;ocif xm0&bk&m;onf a[m&yfawmif igwdkYESifh y#dnmOfjyKawmfrl\/
xdky#dnmOfw&m;udk
jyKawmfrlonfr[kwf/

xm0&bk&m;onf
,aeYyif

touf&Sif

igwdkYbdk;ab;rsm;ESifhom
t&yf&SdorQaom

igwdkYESifh

jyKawmfrl\/}}

oa&vtrsdK;orD;rsm;
oa&vtrsdK;orD;rsm;u

a*gvswftay:

atmifjrifaom

'g0d'ftwGuf

*kPfjyK

oDcsif;qdkcJhonf/
1&m 18 ; 6-7 ]]'g0d 'fonf zdvd wd vludkowfNyD;rS jyefvm a&muf av&m&m
rdef;rrsm;wdkYonf a&Smvkrif;BuD;udk c&D;OD;BudKjyKtHhaomiSg? &Tifvef;aompdwfESifh
oDcsif;

qdkvsuf?

NrdKU&Gmrsm;xJu

uvsuf

ywfom

xGufvmojzifh

tp&SdonfwdkYudk

a&S mvktaxmif axmif?

owfavpGwum;[k tvS nfhvSnfh oDcsif;qdkMu\/}}

'g0dwf
'g0dwfonf bk&m;ociftm; tquftjywf csD;rGrf;oDqdkcJhonf/

65

wD;vsuf?

oa&v

'g0d'ftaomif;aomif;

qm 7 ; 17 ]] rdrdacgif ;xdyfay:rSm oufa&muf wwf\/ igrlum; xm0&bk&m;\

w&m;aomtrIawmfudk

csD;rGrf;?

tjrifhqHk;aomxm0&bk&m;\

emrawmfudk

axmrem oDcsif;qdkygrnf/
qm 13 ; 6 ]]tuREfkyf aus;Zl;jyKawmfrlaomaMumifh xm0&bk&m;udk axmrem
oDcsif;qdkygonf/
qm 21 ; 13

]] tdk xm0&bk&m; udk,fawmfonf tpGrf;wefcdk;awmftm;jzifh

csD;ajrmufjcif;?

&Sdawmfrlapownf ;/

tuREfkyfwdkYonf

wefcdk;awmfudk

axmremoDcsif; qdkMuygrnf/}}

av0d (,Zfya&m[dwfrsm;)
vlOD;a& 4000 cefYu wl&d,mrsm;ESifh bk&m;ociftm; csD;rGrf;cJhonf/
1&mcsKyf - 15 ; 16 ]]av0dom; tBuD;tuJwdkYonf apmif;? wa,m? cGufuGif; tp
&Sdaom

wl&d,mrsdK;ESifh

oDcsif;qdkwwfaom

nDtpfudkwdkYudk

0rf;ajrmufpGm

oHNydKifqdkap jcif;iSg? cefYxm;&rnfhtaMumif; trdefYawmf&Sdonftwdkif;/}}

23

]]av;axmifwdkYonf

wHcg;udkapmifh&Mu\/

av;axmifwdkYonf

*kPfawmfudk csD;rGrf;p&m wl&d,mwdkY ESifh xm0&bk&m;\ *k Pfawmfudk csD;rGrf;p&m

wl&d,mwdkYESifh xm0&bk&m;\ *k Pfawmfudk csD;rGrf;&Mu\/}}
2&mcsKyf 30 ; 21 ]]a,k&SvifNrdKU pnf;a0;aom oa&vtrsKd;om;wdkYonf
ckepf&ufywf vHk; tvGef &Tifvef;aompdwfESifh tZkryGJudk cHMu\/ ,Zfya&m[dwf
av0d om;wdkYonf toHus,faom wk&d,mrsdK;udk wD;rIwfvsuf aeYnOfhrjywf
xm0&bk &m; tm; axmremoDcsif; qdkMu\/}}

"ropfumvrS csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;\aw;*Dw
wynfhawmfrsm;
wynfhawmfrsm;twlwuG oDcsif;qdkMuonf/
rJ 26 ; 30 ]]xdkaemuf oDcsif;qdkMuNyD;rS oHvGifawmifodkY xGufoGm;Mu\/
"roHpHk (Hymn) onf bk&m;ocifxHodkY csD;rGrf;oDqdkonfh oDcsif;jzpfonf/

66

aygvk
wrefawmfaygvkyifvQif bdow
d foDcsif; oDqdk&ef toif;awmfudk wdkufwGef;TefMum;
cJhonf/
1aum 14 ; 15 ]] tb,fodkY jyK&rnfenf;/ pdwfESvHk;ESifh4if;? OmPfESifh4if;?
qkawmif;&rnf/ pdwfESvHk; ESifh4if;? OmPfESifh4if; oD csif;qdk&rnf/}}
{zuf 5 ; 19-20 ]] qmvHoDcsif;rSpaom "roDcsif;trsdK;rsdK;wdkYudk tcsif;csif;
ajymqdkbwf&G wf El;G wfaom pd wfESvHk;ESifh ocifbk&m;a&SUawmf usL;{
oDcsif;qdk Muavmh/ cyfodrf;aomt&mwdkY aus;Zl;awmfBuD;vSyg\[k igwdkYocif
a,Ic&pf\ emrawmfudk axmuf crnf ;awmf bk &m;ocifh a&SU umvtpOf tjywf
0efcH Muavmh /}}
aumavJ 3 ; 16 ]]c&pfawmf\ EIwfuywfw&m;onf ynmtrsdK;rsdK;ESifh
oifwdkY

txJ

<u,f0pGm

wnfae

oifwdkYonf

qmvHoDcsif;rSpaom

"roDcsif;trsdK;rsdK; tm;jzifh tcsif;csif;wdkYudk qHk;roGefoifjcif;? owday;jcif;udk

jyK? El;Gwfaom pd wfESvHk;ESifh bk&m;ocifh a&SUawmf wifhw,favQmufywfpGm
oDcsif;qdkMuavmh/}}

"roDcsif;
"roHpHkoDcsif;rsm;onf bk&m;ocifxHodkY csD;rGrf;oDqdkaomaw;oDcsif;rsm;jzpfonf/

0dnmOfa&;&moDcsif;rsm;
0dnmOfa&;&moDcsif;rsm;qdkonfrSm

oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfu

wdkufdkufay;aom

oDcsif;rsm;jzpf 0dnmOf\yHhydk;rIjzifh pmom;ESifhoHpOfudk &&SdNyD; tqufrjywf oDqdkaom

oD;csif;jzpfonf/
xdkoDcsif;rsm;onf um,uH&Sif\ rdcifbmompum;jzpfEdkifouJhodkY trsdK;trnf rod aom
bmompum;tm;jzifhvnf; &Edkifonf/

t"du&nf&G,fcsuf
oDcsif;oDqdk&m

t"du&nf&G,fcsufonf

xif&Sm;ap&efjzpfonf/

bk&m;ocifudk

tusdK;qufwpfckjzpfatmif

67

(odkY)

csD;rGrf;

bkef;awmfudk

azsmfajzrIwpf&yftaeESifh

oDqdkjcif;r[kwf/

olwdkY\oDqdkjcif;onf

vludkA[dkjyKjcif;r[kwf/

bk&m;ocifwpfyg;

wnf;omESpfouf&efESifh olYudkomvQif OD;wnf oDqdkjcif;jzpfonf/

a[NAJ

12

tuREfkyfMum;ajymygrnf/

]]odwif;awmfudk

tuREfkyfnDtpfudkwdkYtm;

y&d owftv,f rSm

udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;

oDcsif;qdkygrnf[k vmownf;/}}

csD;rGrf;jcif;udk 0dnmOfa&;&mESifh zGifhjyjcif;

toHtm;jzifhbk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;jcif;
1&mcsKyf 16 ; 9 ]]xm0&bk&m;udk oDcsif;qdkMuavmh/ qmvHoDcsif;udkqdkMuavmh/
tHhbG,faomtrIawmf taygif;wdkYudk a[majymMuavmh/}}
qm 71 ; 23-24 ]]a&S UawmfoDcsif;qdkaomtcg? &Tifvef;aomEIwf&Sdygvrfhrnf/
a&G;awmfrlaom

tuREfkyf\0d nmOfvnf;

tuREfkyf\vQmonfvnf;

ajzmifhrwf awmfrljcif;w&mudk

taMumif;rlum;?

tuREfkyf\

tjypfjyKjcif;

&Tifvef;ygvd rfhrnf/
tpOf>rwfqdkygvdrfhrnf/

tcGifhudk&Smaom

olwdkYonf

rsufESmysuf t&SufuGJjcif;odkY a&mufMu yg\}}

bk&m;ocifESifh pum;ajymjcif;tavhtusifhudk jzpfaponf/

udk,fawmf\ tHhbG,fvkyf&yfrsm;udk tvGefcsD;usL;jcif;/
udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;jcif;jzifh aeY\ed'gef;udk tpysdK;yg/
ajymqdkjcif;jzifh4if;? oDqdkjcif;jzifh4if; udk,fawmfudk csD;rGrf;yg/
csD;rGrf;jcif;tavhtusifhudk yHkoGif;,lyg/
qm 40 ; 16 ]]udk,fawmfudk &Smaomol taygif;wdkYonf udk,fawmf 0rf;ajrmuf
&Tifvef;Muygapaom/

u,fwifawmfrljcif;

aus;Zl;udk

ESpfoufaomolwdkYonf

xm0& bk&m; bkef;BuD;awmfrlapownf;[k tpOfrjywf ajymMuygapaom/}}

qm 66 ; 8

]]tcsif;vlpkwdkY ? igwdkYbk&m;ocifudk aumif;BuD;ay;Muavmh/

*kPfaus; Zl;awmfudk csD;rG rf;aompum;oHESifh a<u;aMumfMuavmh /}}

68

bk&m;ociftm; csD;rGrf;jcif;jyK&m oDqdkjcif;? 0rf;ajrmufjcif; pdwv

f Iyf&Sm;rIudk pOfquf
rjywf

azmfjyjcif;wdkYjzpfonf/

csD;rGrf;jcif;onf

vHk;0jynfhpHkaom

tapcHcGeftm;jzifh

rSefaompdwfvIyf&Sm;rI\ oefrmaom toGifo@mefjzpfonf/

bk&m;ocifxHodkY a<u;aMumfjcif;
xkwfazmfajymqdkjcif; tcsdef&SdouJhodkY a<u;aMumf&rnfhtcsdefvnf;&Sdonf/
qmvH 47 ; 1

]]vlrsm;taygif;wdkY? vufckyfwD;Muavmh/ bk&m;ocifxHodkY

atmifoH udkvTifha<u;aMumfMuavmh/}}
a[&Sm 12 ; 5(c)

]]tkdZdtkefowkdYorD ;? a<u;aMumfavmh? 0rf;ajrmufojzihf

atmf[pfavmh/ taMumif;rlum;? oa&v trsKd;\oefY&Sif;aom bk &m;onf

oif\ tv,f bkef;BuD;awmfrl \[k >rufqkd&vdrfhrnf/
1&m 4 ; 5
a&mufaomtcg

]]xm0&bk&m;\ y#dnmOfaowmawmfonf wyfxJodkY

ajrBuD;toHjrnfonfhwdkifatmif

wyf om;taygif;wdkYonf

a<u;aMumfMu\/}}
vk 19 ; 37

]]oHvGifawmifay:u qif;&mt&yfodkY a&mufawmfrlaomtcg?

wynfh awmfrsm;taygif;wdkYonf rdrdwdkYjrifcJhNyD;aom wefcdk;awmfrsm;udkaxmuf

0rf;ajrmuf aompdwfESvHk;ESifh bk&m;ocifudk axmremjyK?}}

jyefvSefavhusifh&efar;cGef;rsm;
1/

csD;rGrf;&m toHk;jyKcJhaom aw;*Dw wl&d,mtaMumif; usrf;csufrsm;jzifh Oyrmay;yg/

2/

ya&mzufjyK&m aw;*Dwonf bduo

f dwfudk oGef;avmif;ay;aMumif; usrf;csuf rsm;jzifh Oyrmay;yg/

3/

"ra[mif;usrf;vm csD;rGrf;udk;uG,f&m toHk;jyKaom aw;*DwtaMumif;udk Oyrm ay;yg/

4/

"ropfusrf; csD;rGrf;udk;uG,f&m toHk;jyKaom aw;*DwtaMumif;udk Oyrmay; ajzqdkyg/

69

tcef; (8)
csD;rGrf;jcif;\ kyfydkif;qdkif&maz:jycsuf
csD;rGrf;jcif;\kyfydkif;&maz:jycsuf
rwfwyf&yfj cif;
rwfwyf&yfjcif;onf dkaojcif;\ vuPmw&yfjzpfonf/
2&mcsKyf

20

aum&tET,f om;wdkYonf?

19

]]

av0dtrsdK;?

oa&vtrsdK;\

aum[wftET,f om;ESifh

bk&m;ocif

xm0&bk&m;udk?

us,faomtoHESifhcsD;rGrf;jcif;iSg &yfaeMu\/}}
Asm 7 ; 9 10 ]]xdkYaemufrSigMunfhvQif? toD;toD;bmompum;udk ajymaom
vltrsdK;tET,fcyfodrf;wdkY

txJrSxGuf?

tb,folrQra&wGufEdkifaom

vlrsm;taygif; wdkYonf jzLaom0wfvHkudk0wfqifvsuf? pGefyvGHcufudkudkifvsuf?

yvifawmfa&SU?

okd;oi,fa&SUrSm&yfaeMu\/

yvifay:rSmxdkifawmfrlaom

igwdkY\bk&m;

u,fwifawmfrljcif;

olwdkYuvnf;

ocifESifh

odk;oi,fonf

csrf;om&Sdawmfrlapownf;[k

BuD;aom

toHESifha<u;aMumfMu\/}}
qm 33 8 ]]xm0&bk&m;udk ajrBuD;wjyifvHk; aMumuf&GHUap/ avmuDEdkifiHom;
taygif;wdkYonf dkaoav;jrwfMuap/}}
qm 135 ; 1-2
tdrfawmf?

]]xm0&bk &m;\emrawmfudk csD;rGrf;Muavmh/ xm0&bk&m;\

igwdkYbk&m;ocif\

tdrfawmf

wefwdkif;wGif

trIapmifhaom

xm0&bk&m;\ uRefawmfwdkY? csD; rGrf;jcif;udkjyKMuavmh/}}

vufckyfwD;jcif;
oifvufckyfwD;jcif;? 0rf;omjcif;? &Tifvef;jcif;ESifh oabmwlcGifhjyKjcif;udk azmfjyjcif;
jzpfonf/
qm 47 ; 1 ]]vlrsm;taygif;wdkY? vufckyfwD;Muavmh/ bk&m;ocifxHodkY
atmifoHudk vTifh a<u;aMumfMuavmh/}}

70

a[ - 55 ; 12
ydkYjcif;udk

]] oifwdkYonf 0rf;ajrmuf aompdwfESifh xGuf? csrf;ompGm

cH&Muvdrfhrnf/

oDcsif;qdkoHESifha<u;aMumf

awmifBuD;awmifi,fwdkYonf
?

oifwdkYa&SUrSm

awm&SdorQaom

tyifwdkYonf

vufckyfwD;Muvdrfhrnf/}}

csDwufjcif;
csDwufjcif;onf atmifjrifjcif; ppfEdkifjcif;udk kyfydkif;qkdif&mjzifh okyfjyjcif;jzpfonf/
GefMum;xm;onfhtwdkif; a,&dacgNrdKUBuD;udk ywfjcmvnf0dkif; csDwufjcif;jzifh ppfudk
atmifEdkifcJhonf/
a,mI

2-5

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a,&dacgNrdKU?

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odkYjzpf

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Mu&rnf/

ajcmuf&uf y wfvHk;

oa&vppfol&Jtaygif;wdkYonf

vSnfhywfjcif;trIudk

jyK&Murnf/

,Zfyka&m[dwfckepfa,mufwdkYonf aowmawmfa&SUrSm ,kbdvwHydk;ckepf vHk;wdkYudk

aqmif&Murnf/

owraeY&uf

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ckepfBudrfwdkifatmif

wHydk;udkrIwf&Murnf/

NrdKUudkvSnfhywf
,kbdvwHydk;wdkYudk

&SnfaomtoHESifhrIwf wHydk;oHudkMum;vQif vltaygif;wdkYonf us,faomtoHESifh

a<u;aMumf?

NrdKUdk;onf

tukeftpif

NydKvJ&vdrfhrnf/

xdk tcgvlrsm;wdkYonf

wnfhwnfhwuf&Murnf[k a,mI tm;rdefYawmfrlonf/}}

ocifa,Ic&pfawmf\

owdkYorD;onf

a&SUodkYtwlwuG

csDwufaomppfwyf\

o@mefudkyHkjyonf/
a&Smvrkef 6 ; 4 10 ]]igcspfaomESr? oifonfwd&ZNrdKUuJhodkYvS\/ a,k&SvifNrdKU
uJhodkY wifhw,f\/ ppfrsufESmuJhodkY aMumuf rufbG,fjzpf\/}} (a&Smvrkef 6;10)

uckefjcif;
uckefjcif;onf csD;rGrf;jcif;udkyHkazmf&m tjrifhqHk;aom okyfjyjcif;jzpfonf/ cEmudk,f
wckvHk;udk toHk;jyK&ef uckefjcif;u awmif;qdkonf? bk&m;ocifudk emcH udk,fawmf
a&SU tpGrf;&SdorQuckefjcif; csKyfwD;rIESifh rdrdudk,frdrd tmHkpdkufjcif;udk vHk;0OoHk
vTifhxkwfay;jcif;vnf; yg0ifonf/

71

qm 149 ; 3 ]] olwdkYonf uckefvsuf? emrawmf udk csD;rGrf;Muap/

ywfomESifhapmif; udkwD;vsuf axmremoDcsif;qdkMuap/}}
2&m

14

]]

'g0d 'fonfvnf;

ydwfoif wdkif;udk

0wfvsuf

xm0&bk&m;a&SUawmf tm;xkwf uav\/}}

&,farmjcif;
ocifbk&m; 0rf;ajrufaomt&mudkazmfjy&m &,farmjcif;tm;jzifhom azmfjyEdkif onf/
bk&m;ocifa&SU oefY&Sif;aom &,farmjcif;jzifh BuD;rm;aomtema&m*g Nidrf;jcif;ESifh
a&G;EIwfjcif;udkjzpfaponf/
ppfrSefaom&,farmjcif;onf

twGif;oabm

0rf;ajrmufjcif;udk

tjyifoufao

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72

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73

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74

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75

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qmvH 150;6 touf&Sdaomoltaygif;wdkY onf xm0&bk&m;ukdcsD;rGrf;Muap/

csD;rGrf;Muap /

csD;rGrf;jcif;ukd qD;wm;jcif;ESifh ywfoufaomt&mrsm;

tjypf
tjypfonf uREfkyfwkdYESifh bk&m;ocifMum;rS rd[m,ESifhaygif;oif;qufqHa&;udk
zsufqD;kHomru uREkfyfwdkYtm; bk&m;ocif\ rsufarSmufawmfae&mrus
jzpfaponf/
qmvH 66;18 igonfpdwfESvkH;xJrSm'kpkdufukdiJhuGufvQif bk&m;&Sifonf
em;axmifawmfrrl/
a[&Sm, 59;2 oifwkdY'kpkdufonf oifwkdYudk bk&m;ocifESifh uGmapNyD/
Mum;awmfrrlapjcif;iSm? oifwdkYtjypfonf rsufESmawmfukdvJTapNyD/

ajz&Sif;csuf
tajzrSm uREkfyfwkdY\tjypfESifh 'kpkdufrsm;udk 0efcsawmif;yefvsuf udk,fawmf\
cGifhvTwfjcif;ukdvufcH&efjzpfonf/
1a,m 1;9 udk,ftjypfwkdYukdaz:jyawmif;yefvQif? igwkdYtjypf rsm;ukdvTwf
'kpkduf&SdorQESifh uif;pifapjcif;iSm bk&m;ocifonf opmw&m;ES ifhvnf;aumif;?
ajzmifhrwfjcif;w&m;ESifhvnf;aumif; jynfhpkHawmfrl\/

tjypfwifjcif;
uREkfyfwkdYtay: tjypfwifolrSm pmwefjzpfonf/bk&m;ocifr[kwfyg/
80

bk&m;ociftm; uREkfyfwkdYudk cGifhvTwf&efawmif;yefonfhwcsdefwnf; uREfkyfwkdY onf

rdrdukd,fukd cGifhvTwf&rnf jzpfonf/ rdrdudk,fudk tjypfwifjcif;\ &v'f rsm;rSm...

rxdkufwef[k cHpm;&jcif;-

xdktaMumif;aMumifhuREfkyfwdkYonfbk&m;ocif
\rsufarSmufawmfodkYwdk;0if&ef wGefYqkwfaewwfonf/

rdrd\ rxdkufwefjcif;ukd tvGeftrif;tmkHpdkwfjciftm;jzifh

bk&m;ocif\ *kPmESifhaus;Zl;awmfudk arhavsmhaponf/

ajz&Sif;csuf
a&mr8;1 bk&m;ocif u,fvTwfawmf rlaomaMumif h a,Ic&pf wnf
Zmwdyuwdtwdkif; rusifh? 0dnmOfyuwdtwkdif;usifhaom olwdkYonf
tjypfpD&ifjcif;ESifh vGwfMu\/

a,ItaMumif;ukduREfkyfwkdYtcsdef,lqifjcifavav

oifhudk,foiftmkHpdkufjcif;rSajymif;vJa,Ibk&m;ukdomtmkHpkdufyg/
ukd,fawmfhukdom

`sD;rGrf;csifavavjzpfonf/

a[NAJ 12;2 ,kHMunfjcif;ukd tptOD; pD&if pkHvif apawmfrl aom a,Iukd aphap
haxmufIMuukeftHh/ xdkocifonfrdrda&SUxm;aom 0rf;ajrmufjcif;
taMumif;aMumifh?&SufaMumufaom t&mudkrrSwf bJ vuf0g;uyfwkdifcHNyD;rS?
bk&m;ocif \yvifawmfvufsmbuf xdkifae awmf rl\/

avmuDqefjcif;
avmuDqefjcif;onf uREfkyfwdkY\ pdwful;ESifhtawG;tac:rsm;ukd avmut&mrsm;
A[kdjyKaponf/
]]*kPfodum&Sdjcif;}}ESifh ]]taqmifta,mif&Sdjcif;}} ukd bk&m;ociftm; udk;uG,f
0wfjyKjcif;xuf ydkwyfrufaponf/

ajz&Sif;csuf
1ay 5;7 oifwkdYukd owdESifhMunfhIawmfrlaomaMumifh? oifwkdY pkd;&drfjcif; trI
&SdorQwkdYudk ukd,fawmf tyfESHMuavmh/
zdvdyd 4;8 <uif;ao;aompum;[lrlum;? nDtpfudkwkdY?
ormw&m;ESifhqdkifaomtusifh?
avsmufywf aomtusifh?
ajzmifhrwfaomtusifh?
pifMu,faomtusifh?
olwyg;ESpfoufzG,faomtusifh?
csD;rGrf;zG,faom tusifh&SdorQwkdYukd4if;?

81

yg&rDwyg;yg;? aumif;aomodwif;wyg;yg;ESifhqdkifaomtusifhwkdYukd4if;?
ESvkH;oGif;Muavmh/
1a,m 2;15 avmuukd4if;? avmu&Sdaomt&mwkdYukd4if;?
rcspfMuESifh/avmuudkcspfaomolrnfonfum; crnf;awmfukdcspfjcif;arwmr&Sdf/
a&mr 12;2 oifwdkYonfavmuDykHo@mefukdraqmifMuESifh/aumif;jrwfaom
t&m? ESpfoufzG,faom? pkHvifaomt&mwnf;[l aom bk&m;ocif
tvdkawmf&Sd aomt&monf tb,ft&mjzpfonfukdoifEkdifrnfh
taMumif;? pdwfESvkH;ukd topfjyifqif ykHo@mef ajymif;vJjcif;okdYa&mufMuavmh/

vpfvsLIjcif;
rylrat;jzpfjcif; (okdYr[kwf) ocifbk&m;tm; vpfvsLIjcif;onf rMumcP vl
yk*dKvfwOD;wa,mufukd ocifbk&m;tm; csD;rGrf;ukd;uG,fjcif; rjyKap&ef qD;wm;aom
t&mjzpfonf/
Asm'dwf 2;4 okdYaomfvnf;? oifonfa&S;OD;pGmaom cspfjcif;arwmavsmhNyD[k oif
tjypfwifp&m&Sd\/

ajz&Sif;csuf
t<uif;rJhaemifwESifhjynfhaom ESvkH;om;ESifh bk&m;ocifxHjyefvm
emcHjcif;\tjyKtrltaeESifh ukd,fawmfhukd pwifcsD;rGrf;yg/
rmvcd 3;7u bkd;ab;wkdY vufxufrSp oifwkdYonf igpD&if xkH;zJGUcsuf wkdYudk
rapmifh? wdrf;a&SmifMuNyD/ ighxHodkY jyefvmMuavmh/ igonfvnf;oifwkdYqDokdY
jyefvmrnf[k aumif;uifAkdvfajct&Sif xm0&bk&m; rdefYawmfrl \/

ykefuefjcif;
bk&m;ocif? rdb okdYr[kwf toif;awmfbk&m;ocif cefYtyfxm;aom
tcGifhtmPmwkdYtm; qefYusif ykefuefjcif;onf csD;rGrf;ukd;uG,fjcif;\
t"duusaomtqD;twm; wpfckjzpfonf/
1 &m 15;22-23 &S arGvuvnf;? xm0&bk&m;\trdefYawmfukd em;axmif
jcif;tm;&awmfrlouJhokdY? rD;IdU&m,Zf tp&Sdaom ,ZfrsdK;wkdYukd
ylaZmfjcif;tm;&awmfrl rnfavm/ tvdkawmfukd vkdufjcif;onf ,ZfrsdK;xuf
om aumif ;\/em;axmifjcif;onf okd;xD;qDOxuf omaumif;\/jiif;qef
aomoabmonfewfqkd;ESifh aygif;jcif;uJhokdY4if;?
ckdifrmaomoabmonfaA'ifwefqmukdokH;jcif;
uJhokdY4if;tjypfBuD;\/oifonfxm0&bk&m;\pum;awmfukdy,faomaMumifh? xm0&
bk&m;onf&Sifbk&ift&mukdEIwfoifhukdy,fawmfrlNyD[k qkd\/

ajz&Sif;csuf
tcGifhtmPmatmuf0efcH oif\ ykefuefrItwGuf aemifw&yg/
a[NAJ 13;17 oifwkdYukdtkyfaomolwkdY\pum;ukd em;axmif ESdrfhcsvsuf aeavmh?
olwkdYonfukd,fwkdifppfaMumjcif;ukd cH&aomoluJhokdY? oifwkdYpdwf0dnmOf\

82

tusdK;tvkdiSg apmifhae Mu\/oifwkdYtusdK;ukd rjzpfapwwfaom 0rf;enf;jcif; r&Sd?

0rf;ajrmufjcif;&Sd? olwkdYonf ppfaMumjcif;ukd cH&rnf
taMumif; owdjyKvsufaeMuavmh/

pdwfysufjcif;
rsm;pGmaomolwkdYonf rdrdwkdY\jyemrsm;ukd toif;awmfokdY rdrdwkdYESifh twl
,laqmifvmMuonf/ toif;awmfokdYra&mufrD uREfkyfwkdY\
ESvkH;om;rsm;tm;bk&m;ociftm; csD;rGrf;jcif;tvkdiSg jyifqifxm;&ef tvGefyif
ta&;BuD;ayonf/
2aum 4;8-9 igwkdYonf trsdK;rsdK;aom aESmifh&Sufjcif;ukd cH&aomfvnf;?
tusdK;enf;jcif;okdYra&muf/rMuHpnfEkdifatmif &Sdaomfvnf; pdwfrysuf
nif;qJjcif;ukdcH&aomfvnf; IH;jcif;r&Sd/atmufokdYvSJjcif; cH&aomfvnf;qkH;&mokdY
ra&muf/

ajz&Sif;csuf
ukd,fawmfbk&m;tm; uREfkyfwkdY pwifcsD;rGrf;ukd;uG,f&ef emcHonfESifhwNydKifeuf
uREfkyfwkdY ESvkH;om;xJrS pdwf"gwfusjcif;tm;vkH; vGwfajrmufoGm;ayvdrfhrnf/
a[&Sm,51;11 okdYjzpf?xm0&bk&m;u,fvTwfawmfrlaomol wkdYonf jyefvm
oDcsif;qkdvsuf? xm0&0rf;ajrmufjcif; o&zlukd
aqmif;vsufZdtkefNrdKUodkYa&mufMuvdrfhrnf/ 0rf;ajrmuf&Tifvef;jcif;
tcGifhudk&Mu0rf;enf;jcif;ESifh nnf;wGm;jcif;onfajy;oGm; &vdrfhrnf/

trsufa'go
uREfkyfwkdYonf tjcm;olrsm;ukdaomf4if;? rdrdukd,fukdaomf4if;? bk&m;ocifukd aomf4if;
pdwfqdk;vsuf? xkdtrsufa'goukd rdrd\ESvkH;om;xJ okdrSD;xm;vsif
bk&m;ociftm; csD;rGrf;uk;d uG,f&efrjzpfEkdifyg/
,mukyf 1;19-20 okdYjzpf?igcspfaomnDtpfukdwkdY? cyfodrf;aomolwkdYonf
em;Mum;jcif; iSgvsifjrefMuap/ pum;ajymjcif;iSg4if;? trsufxG ufjcif;iSg4if;
aES;Muap/ vl\a'gotrsufonf bk&m;ocif \
rjyKpkwwf/

ajzmifhrwfj cif;w&m;ukd

ajz&Sif;csuf
oifhtay: trSm;usL;vGefaomolrsm;ukdcGifhvTwf oifhESvkH;om;xJ a'go trsufukd
ae&may;jcif;tm; jiif;y,f&ef/
{zuf 4;31-32 cyf odrf;aompdwfwkdjcif;? pdwfqdk;jcif;? trsufxGufjcif;?
atmf[pfaigufai:jcif;? olYtoa&ysufatmif ajymqkdjcif;wkdYukd4if;?
cyfodrf;aomremvkdjcif;ukd4if;? oifwkdYrS y,f&Sm;Muavmh/tcsif;csif;aus;Zl;jyKjcif;? oem;pkHrufjcif;?
bk&m;ocif onfc&pf awmfaMumifhoif wkdY\tjypfukd
vTwfawmfrlouJhokdY tcsif;csif; tjypfvTwfjcif;&SdMuavmh/

83

pdk;&drfylyefjcif;
pdk;&drfylyefjcif;qdkonfrSm oHo,jzpfjcif;ESifh r,kHMunfjcif;\ vuPmwpfck jzpfNyD;
,kHMunfjcif;\ qefYusifbufjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwkdY\ pdwfxJpdk;&drfylyefjcif; ESifh
jynfhESufaevQif csD;rGrf;ukd;uG,fjcif;xJyg0if&ef rjzpfEkdifyg/
a,m 14;27 Nidrfoufjcif;ukdoifwkdYigxm;cJh\/ ig\Nidrfoufjcif;ukdoifwkdY
tm;igay;\/ avmuDom;wkdYay;ouJhokdYigay;onfr[kwf/oifwdkY
pdwfESvkH;ylyefjcif;? pkd;&drfwkefvIyfjcif; r&SdapESifh/

ajz&Sif;csuf
uREfkyfwkdYonf pkd;&drfylyefaejcif;tpm; a,Ibk&m;ESifh ukd,fawmf\ pum;awmf &Sdaom
*wdawmfrsm;ukdom t<uif;rJh atmufarhqifjcifvQuf ocifbk&m;jyKaom
aus;Zl;awmftrIrsm;ESifh ukd,fawmf\ bk&m;jzpfawmfrljcif;wkdYtwGufpwifcsD;rGrf;
rnfqkdvQif uREfkyfwkdY\ ESvkH;om;xJ Nidrfoufjcif;? csD;rGrf;jcif;wkdYESifh jynfhvQHvQuf
xkdcsD;rGrf;jcif;onf uREfkyfwkdY\ESvkH;om;rSwqifh bk&m;ocifxHokdY pD;qif;oGm;ay
vdrfhrnf/
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csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifhwuG qkawmif;y|em jyKaomtm;jzifh?
oifwdkYawmif;yefvdkaomt&mrsm;wkdYukd bk&m;ociftm;Mum;avQmuf
Muavmh/xkdodkYjyKvQif
tb,folrQMuHrrSDEkdifaom bk&m;ocif\Nidrfoufjcif;onf a,Ic&pftm;jzifh
oifwkdY\pdwfESvkH;wkdYukd apmifrvdrfhrnf/

pdwf"gwfusjcif;
uREkfyfwkdYawGYMuKH&aomtajctaersm;aMumifh pdwf"gwfusjcif;0dnmOf\ uREkfyfwkdY tay:
vTrf;rkd;tEdkif,lrItm;cGifhjyKjcif;onfuREkfyfwdkYtoufwm xJ csD;rGrf;ukd;uG,fjcif;\
t&Sdeft[kefudk&yfwefYaponf/
1 ay 4;12-13 cspfolwdkY? oifwdkYudkp Hkprf;p&mbdkY ,ck cH&aom rD;ppfjcif;
t&mudkum;? oifwdkY tHhMozG,faom t&m jzpfonf[k xifrSwf?
tHhMojcif;r&SdMuESifh/ oif wdkYonf c&pf awmf \qif;&Judk qufqHMuonfjzpf?
bkef ;awmfay:xGef;aomtcgtvGef0rf; ajrmuf &T ifvef;rnftaMumif;? ,ckyif0rf;
ajrmufMuavmh/

ajz&Sif;csuf
csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zf wpfcktaeESifh uREkfwkdYpwif0rf;ajrmuf&rnf/ bk&m;ocif tm;
emcHjcif;\ tjyKtrltaeESifh uREkfyfwkdY\ csD;rGrf;jcif;0wfvkHukd 0wfNcKH &rnf/
a[&Sm, 61;3 pdwfromnnf;wGm;aomZdtk efNrdKUom;wdkYtbdkY pD&if? jymt&m
aygif;o&zl? 0rf;enf;jcif; t&m0rf;ajrmufjcif; qD? Id;i,f
pdwfoabmt&mcsD;rGrf;jcif;t0wfwefqmudkolwdkYtm;
ay;apjcif;iSmif;?ighudkapvTwfawmfrlNyD/xkdolwdkYonfajzmifhrwfjcif;oydwfyif? bkef;

84

toa&awmfbdkY xm0&bk&m;pdkuf ysdK;awmfrlaom tyif[l orkwf jcif; udk

cH&Muvdrfhrnf/

tzbk&m;tay:tjrifrSm;jcif;
vlrsm;pGmwGif bk&m;ociftay:vGJrSm;aomtEIwfvuPm cHpm;csuf rsm;
&SdMuonf/bk&m;ocifonfolwkdYtay: tNrJpD&ifaeonf[k xkdolwkdY
cHpm;aewwfavh&Sdonf/wcsdKUrSmrl bk&m;ocifonf rnfolwpfa,muf
ukdrQ rdrdukd,fukd auseyfae&eftvkdr&Sd[k xifjrifcHpm;aewwfMuonf/

ajzSif;csuf
tajzrSmukd,fawmf\EIwfuywfawmfarGUavsmfjcif;tm;jzifhbk&m;ocifukd
rSefuefpGmjrifwwfvmrnfjzpfonf/
a,m 3;16 bk&m;ocif \om;awmf udk,HkMunfaomol taygif;wdkYonf
ysufqD;jcif;odkYra&muf? xm0&toufudk &apjcif;iSg? bk&m;ocifonf
rdrdwyg;wnf;aom om;awmfudk pGefYawmfrlonfhwdkifatmif avmuDom;wdkYudk
cspfawmfrl \/
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bk&m;ocifonf igwkdYbuf &SdawmfrlvQif? tb,folonf
igwkdYwbufaeEkdifrnfenf;/ rdrdom;awmf&if;udk rESajrmbJ?igwdkY&Sd
orQtbdkYtvdkYiSgpGefYawmfrlaomolonf?om;awmfESifhwuGcyfodrf; aom t&mwdkYudk
igwkdYtm;ray;bJ tb,fodkYaeawmfrl rnfenf;/
taMumif;rl um;?aojcif;jzpfap?touf&Sifjcif;jzpfap?aumif;uif wrefjzpf ap?
txG#ftjrwf jzpfap? tmPmwefcdk;jzpfap? rsuf arS muf
t&mjzpfap?aemifvmvwH aomt&mjzpf ap? tjrifhjzpfap? ted rfhjzpf
ap?t&mrSptb,fedrdwt&mrQonf?igwdkYocifa,Ic&pfawmf
tm;jzifhcH&aombk&m;ocif\ arwmawmfESifhigwkdYudk ruGmapEdkif[k
igonfoabmusvsuf&Sd\/

bmoma&;xkH;wrf;tpOftvm
bmoma&;onf zdESdyfcsKyfcs,f? aG;EIwfjcif;rSm vGwfajrmufaponf/
rJ 15;6c xkdodkYoifwdkYonf tqufqufcHaomenf;Oya'ojzifh
bk&m;ocif \ynwfawmf udky,fMu\/

ajz&Sif;csuf
tajzrSm uREkfyfwdkY\ xHk;wrf;tpOftvm rsm;tm; bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmf ESifh
*kjyK EIdif;,SOf oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfrS uREkfyfwdkYtm; ormw&m;ESifhnDaomvrf;udk
jy&ef tcGifhay;&rnf/

rmefrme
rmefrmeonf rdrdudk,frdrd xifoifhonfxufvGef txifBuD;cHcsifaom pdwf jzpfonf/
rmefrmeonfvltm;bk&m;ocif\yvifay:bk&m;ocif tpm; rdrdudk,fudk ae&may;&ef
wGef;ydkYonf/vl\csD;rGrf;jcif;udkcH,lvjdk cif; onf bk&m;ociftm; csD;rGrf;jcif;\
qefYusifbufjzpfonf/

85

a,Ibk&m;onf udk,fawmf\tcsdeu
f mv&SdcJhaomrmeaxmifvTm;aom
bmoma&;acgif;aqmifrsm;udk az:jycJhonf/
rJ 23;1?2?5-7 xkdtcg a,Ionf wynfhawmfwkdYESifh vltaygif; wdkYtm;
a[majymawmfrlonfum;? usrf;jyKq&m? zm&d&SJwdkYarma&S\
xdkif&myvifay:rSmxdkifMu\/ olwdkYonf jyKorQaomtusifh
trIwkdYudkvlrsm;a&SUrSmxif&Sm;apjcif;iSm jyKMu\/ us,faomvufzGJYwkdYudk4if;?
BuD;aomyef;yGg;wdkYudk4if; 0wfavh&SdMu\/ yGJobif? w&m;p&yfwkdY jrifhjrwfaom
ae&mxdkif&mudk4if;? aps;kdaopGmEIwfqufjcif;udk4if;? t&Sifbk&m; t&Sifbk&m;[k
vlrsm;ac:a0:jcif;udk4if; ESpfoufMu\/

ajz&Sif;csuf
t&Sif;vif;qHk;tajzrSm oifhudk,foifESdrfhcs&efjzpfonf/
rJ 23;11?12 oifwdkYwGiftBuD;jzpfaomolonf oifwkdYtapcH jzpf&\/
tMuifolonf rdrdudkcsD;ajrmufthH? xdkolonfESdrfhcsjcif;odkY a&mufvwhH/
tMuifolonf rdrdudkESdrfhcstHh?xkdolonfcsD;ajrmufjcif; odkY a&mufvwhH/
a&mr12;3 oifwkdYonfudk,fudkxifoifhonftwdkif;xuf vG ef rxifbJ?
bk&m;ocifonf vltoD;toD;wkdYtm; ,HkMunfjcif;udk a0ay;awmfrlonfESifhtnD?
udk,fudk avsmufywfpGmxif&rnf taMumif; igonf udk,fcH&aom aus;Zl;awmfudk
trSDjyKvsuf? oifwdkYwGif&SdorQaomolwdkYudk rSmxm;\/

vludk aMumufGHUjcif;
tjcm;vlrsm;onf uREkfyfwdkYtm; rnfuJhodkYxifjrifrnfudk aMumufGHUjcif; onf
uRef\pdwfoabm jzpf oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfrS uREkfyfwdkY\ tjyKtrlESifh
pdwfoabmudk yJhjyif&m tqD;twm;jzpfapaom t&m
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&m;rnfoljzpfonfudkodjcif;ESifhuREkfyfwdkYESifhudk,fawmf\ oufqdkifrI tay:
tmHkjyKqifjcifjcif;rS vGJoGm;aponf/
rnfuJhodkYaom aMumufGHUrIrsdK;jzpfap ,HkMunfjcif;\qefYusifbufjzpf onf/
okwH 29;25 vludkaMumuf&GHUjcif;oabmonfausmhuGif; udk axmifwwf
\/xm0&bk&m;udk cdkvIHaomolrlum; vHkNcHKvdrfhrnf/
okwH 9;10 xm0&bk &m;udkaMumuf&GHUaomoabmonf ynm\
rlvtjrpfjzpf\/oefY&Sif;awmfrlaombk&m;udkoduRrf;aomoabm
onf OmPfjzpf\/

ajz&Sif;csuf
uREkfyfwdkYtoufwm bk&m;ociftm; udk,fawmf\ae&mrSefudk ay;aom tcg?
udk,fawmfbk&m;\ tjzpfawmftwdkif; udk,fawmftm; pwifodvmaomtcg
tjcm;vlwdkYtm;aMumufGHUjcif;onfaysmufuG,f oGm;vdrfhrnf/

pmwef\zdESdyfcsKyfcs,fjcif;
pmwefonfbk&m;ocifukdrkef;wD;onf/xkdYaMumifhbk&m;ukday;aom

86

csD;rGrf;jcif;ukdvnf;olrkef;wD;onf/ pmwefu csD;rGrf;jcif;&SdorQ olUxHokdYom

vmapjcifonf/ oif bk&m;ocifukd pOfqufrjywf csD;rGrf;vQif xkdae&m
pmwefqufaevdrfhrnfr[kwfacs/

ajz&Sif;csuf
pmwef\BuD;rm;aom zdEdSyfcsKyfcs,fjcif;twGuf ajz&Sif;csufrSm csnfaESmif xm;aom
ewfqkd;ukd ESifxkwfjcif;jzpfonf/
rmuk 16;17u ,HkMunfaomolwkdYjzpftHhaom edrdwfvuPm [lrlum;?
ig\emrudk trSDjyK ewfqdk;wdkYudkESifxkwfMuvwHh/
,mukyf 4;7 xkdaMumifh? bk&m;ocif\ tvdkawmfodkY vdkufMu avmh/ rm&fewfudk
qD;wm;Muavmh/ odkYjyKvQif? olonfoifwdkYxHu ajy;oGm;vdrfhrnf/

vpfvsLIjcif;
,kHMunfolrsm;pGm\ toufwm u@tawmfrsm;rsm;wGif csD;rGrf; ukd;uG,fjcif;\
ta&;ygrIrSmaysmufqkH;vsuf&Sdonf/

ajz&Sif;csuf
ajz&Sif;csufrSmxkdtrIt&mESifhywfowfbk&m;ocifajymxm;onfh
pum;awmfukd avhvm&efjzpfonf/
a[ma&S 4;6 ighvlwdkYonf ynmenf;aomaMumifh qHk;IH;Mu\/ oifonfynmudk
y,faomaMumifh? igh,Zfya&m[dwftjzpfodkY ra&mufapjcif;iSg oifhudk igy,frnf/
oif\bk&m;ocifhw&m;udk
oifarhavsmaomaMumi?fh oif\om;orD;wkdYudk igarhavsmhrnf/

vkyfaqmifyg..rwkekfYjyefygESifh
,kHMunfolrsm;pGmwkdYonfcsD;rGrf;ukd;uG,faomtcsdef ]]Zmwdqefqef}} jyKrlaomolwkdYukd
tEIwfoabmjzifwkefYjyefavh&Sdonf/xkdYaMumifh wcsdKU aom ,kHMunfolrsm;rSm
tjcm;olrsm;\ qkd;oGrf;aom tjyKtrlrsm;jzifh wm;qD;ydwfyifjcif;ukd&ifqkdif&Muonf/
xkdt&mrSm EIwfuywfawmfESifh
nDaomcsD;rGrf;ukd;uG,fjcif;xJokdYvGwfvyfpGmwkd;0if&mtwm;tqD;wpfckyif jzpfonf/

ajz&Sif;csuf
uREkfyfwkdYonftjcm;olrsm;ukdwkefYjyefaernfhtpm; bk&m;ocif\
EIwfuywfawmftwkdif;omvkyfaqmif&efvkdtyfonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;ocif\
EIwfuywfawmf zGifhjycsuftm; vdkvm;pGm emcHjcif;jzifh wHkjyef&ef vdktyfonf/
bk&m;ocif\om;orD;rsm;taeESifhuREfkyfwdkYonf udk,fawmftm;ESvHk;om;rSvmaom
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifhudk;uG,fjcif;udk pOfquf rjywf vGwfvyfpGm azmfjy&rnfjzpfonf/
wYHkjyefwdkufcdkufjcif;onf bmoma&;"avhxHk;pHESifh vludkaMumufGH jcif; wif;usyfpGm
ydwfyifjcif;ESifh csnfaESmifjcif;cH&aponf/ EIwfuywfawmf twdkif; vkyfaqmifjcif;onf
bk&m;ocif\0dnmOfawmfESifhtwlt<uif;rJh vGwfvyfpGm pD;qif;vIyf&Sm;jcif;jzpfonf/
a,Ionf uREfkyfwdkYtm; vGwfajrmufap&ef<uvmcJhonf/

87

a,m 8;32 ormw&m;udkvnf;odMuojzifh? xdkw&m;onfoifwdkYudk

vTwfvdrfhrnf[k? ,HkMunfaom,k'vlwdkY tm; rdefYawmfrl\/

ed*kH;
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh udk;uG,fjcif;trIudk rvkyfaqmifEkdifjcif;onf uREkfyfwdkY
ajz&Sif;&efvdktyfaom tajccHusonfh jyemrsm;&SdaMumif;azmfjyonf/ rdrd\ jyemudk
aocsmpGm od&Sdonf txd bk&m;ocifudk &SmazG xdkjyemudk dk;om;pGmajz&Sif;yg/
bk&m;ocifudkcsD;rGrf;&mxJodkY oif r0ifEkdifao;vQif &ifhusufaom c&pf,mefnDtpfudk
armifESrwpfOD;xH oGm; ol\ tultnDudk &,lyg/

jyefvSefavhusifh&efar;cGef;rsm;
1. csD;rGrf;jcif;udk qD;wm;aomt&m wpfck\ trnfudk azmfjy bk&m;ocif\ EIwfuywfawmf &SmazGawGU&Sdaom
ajz&Sif;csufudk azmfjyyg/
2. oif\ toufwm oifudk,fwdkifcHpm;cJh&aom csD;rGrf;jcif;udk qD;wm;onfht&mwpfckudk azmfjyyg/ xdkt&mudk
oifrnfuJhodkYatmifjrifcJhoenf;(odkYr[kwf) oifrnfuJhodkYatmifjrifrnfenf;/
3. tu,f csD;rGrf;jcif;udk qD;wm;onfht&may: oifBudK;pm;onfht&mtm;vHk; ratmifjrifcJhvQif
oifbmvkyfrnfenf;/

88

oifcef;pm(10)
csD;rGrf;jcif;,ZfylaZmfjcif;
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zf\ jcm;em;rI
a[NAJ 13;15 xkdaMumifh? igwdkYonf bk &m;ocif\aus;Zl;awmfudk 0efcHvsuf?
EIwfcrf;toD; wnf;[laom csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zfudk ocif a,Ic&pftm;jzifh
bk&m;ocifh a&SUawmf tpOfylaZmfMuukeftHh/
bk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh csD;rGrf;jcif;,ZfwGif jcm;em;rI wpfck&Sdonf/

csD;rGrf;jcif;
csD;rGrf;jcif;rSm uREfkyfwdkY bk&m;ocifESifh rSefuefaom &if;ESD;qufEG,frI &Sd aeaom tcg
vG,fulpGmpD;xGufvmonf/xdkt&monfuREfkyfwdkYtwGuf udk,fawmfjyKcJhorQtrIwdkYudk
qifjcifaomtcg tvdktavsmuf pD;xGuf vmonfh t&mjzpfonf/

csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zf
csD;rGrf;jcif;,ZfrSm uREfkyfwdkY\ tajctaersm;jzpfoifhonfhtwdkif; rjzpf bJ
rSm;,Gif;aeaomtcsdefyif bk&m;ociftm;ylaZmfaomt&mjzpfonf/ xdkt&mrSm

jzpfysufaeaom tajctaetwdkif; yklaZmfaomcsD;rGrf;jcif;

,HkMunfjcif; ESifh emcHjcif;jzifh ylaZmfaomcsD;rGrf;jcif;
bk&m;ocif\ tjzpfawmf( rnfoljzpfonf) aMumifh ylaZmfaom csD;rGrf;jcif;

csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zf
pOfqufrjywf
csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zfonf pOfqufrjywfcsD;rGrf;jcif;jzpfonf/
qmvH 34;1 igonf cyfodrf;aomumvwdkY xm0&bk&m; udkaumif;BuD;ay;rnf/
*kPfaus;Zl; awmfudk tpOf rjywf>rwfqdkrnf/

toHxGuf csD;rGrf;jcif;
csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zfonf toHxGuf csD;rGrf;jcif;wpfckjzpfonf/ 'g0d'f
tBudrfBudrfajymcJhonfrSm *kPfaus;Zl; awmfudk tpOf rjywf >rwf qdkrnf/

aygvkESifhodv-Oyrm
aygvk ESifh odvwdkU tusOf;axmifxJ bk&m;ociftm; oDcsif;tm;jzifh csD;rGrf;cJhNyD;
xdkodkYcsD;rGrf;aomtcg edrdwfvuPmrsm; jzpfcJhonf/
wrefawmf 16;22-26 pka0;aomvlwkdYonf olwdkYwzuf wNydKifeuf
xMu\/ppfuJrif;wkdYvnf;olwkdY\t0wfudkcRwf
BudrfvHk;ESifhkdufapjcif;iSmpD&ifMu\/ kduf'Pfcsufrsm;&SdNyD;rS? vHkNcHKpGm
apmifhap[kaxmifrI;udkrSmvdkufaxmifxJrSm avSmif xm;Mu\/
89

xdkodkYrSmvdkufonfhtwkdif; axmifrI;onf twGif; axmifxJrSm

avSmifxd wfcwfvsufxm;\/ oef;acgiftcsdef aygvkESifhodvwkdYonf
yXemjyKbk &m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;vsuf
oDcsif;qdkav\/axmifxJrSmaESmifzGJYjcif ;udkcH&aomolwkdYonf em;axmifMu\/
xkdcPjcif;wG if ajrBuD;onfjyif;pGm vI yfaom aMumifh
axmifajc&if ;vnf;vIyf&Sm;\/ wH cg;&SdorQwkdYonf csufjcif; yGifh
vltaygif;wkdYonf aESmifzGJYjcif;ESifhvGwfMu\/

tjyifyef;tajctae
olwdkYonfwdkufcdkfufcHcJh&NyD; nif;yef;ESdyfpufcHxm;&onf/
olwdkYt0wfrsm;pkwfNyJaeonf/
olwdkYkdufESufcHxm;&onf/
olwdkYonf axmiftwGif;ydkif; tqifhedrfhaom&mZ0wfom;rsm;ESifhtwl twif;tMuyf
tusOf;csxm;jcif;cH&onf/
olwdkUrvIyf&Sm;Edkifatmif vufajcwdkYudk xdyfcwfvsuf avSmifxm;onf/

0dnmOfa&;&mtajctae
olwdkYqkawmif; "roDcsif;rsm;oDqdkaeMuonf/
olwdkYatmufygtwdkif;qkawmif;ygovm;
]] udk,fawmfhudk uRefawmfwdkYtapcHcJhw,f/ udk,fawmfapvTwfwJhae&mudk
uRefawmfwdkYoGm;cJhw,f/ udk,fawmf uRefawmfwdkYudk bmaMumifh 'Dvdk'ku a&mufapovJ
}}
olwdkYxdkuJhodkYqkrawmif;cJhaMumif; uREkfyfwdkYtodyifjzpfygonf/ olwdkY ESpfOD;
csD;rGrf;jcif;oDcsif;oDqdk xdktoHudk tjcm;aomtusOf;om;rsm; Mum;cJh&Muonf/

&v'f
olwdkYoHBudK;rsm;csnfaESmifjcif;rS vGwf tusOf;cef;rsm;rS vGwfajrmuf Muonf/
axmifrSL;ESifh tdrfom;rsm; u,fwifjcif;&onf/ tusOf;axmifxJ
&Sdaomolwdkif;a,ItaMumif; Mum;&onf/
zdvdydNrdKU&Sdaomtjcm;aom,HkMunfolwdkvnf;pdwfoufom&m&Muonf/

a,m&Szwf- tjcm;aomOyrm
a,m&Szwfonf bk&m;ocif\ rdefYrSmcsufrsm;udkvdkufemedrdwfvuPm ESifhjynfh0aom
atmifyGJrsm;udk awGUBuHKcJhonf/ ol\emrnf ]] a,a[m}} \t"dyg,frSm
xm0&bk&m;tkyfpdk;onf[kt"dyg,f&onf/

vlwdkYtm; EIwfuywfawmfoifay;cJhonf
2&mcsKyf 17;3-6 crnf;awmfonf t&ifvkdufaomvrf;odkY?
a,mSzwfvdkufvsuf?Amvbk&m;wkdYudkrqnf;uyf?crnf;awmf\
bk&m;ocif udkomqnf; uyfojzif? oa&vtrsdK;\ xHk;pHudk a&Smif?
ynwfw&m;udkusifhaomaMumifh? xm0&bk&m;onf apmifhr?
EkdifiHawmfudka,m&Szwfvuf wnfapawmf rlojzifh? ,k'jynfom;taygif;wdkY onf
90

vufaqmifrsm;udkaqmifcJhMu\/ *kPftoa&ESifh pnf ;pdrfOpm rsm;aomfvnf;?

xm0&bk&m;\ w&m;awmfvrf; wdkY pdwfp GJvef;? jrifhaomt&yfESifh tm&&Syif
wdkYudk,k'jynfrSy,f&Sm;awmfrl\/

'kua&mufaomtcsdefqkawmif;cJhonf
ESpfaygi;frsm;pGm ywf0ef;usif &dSaomwdkif;jynfwdkYonf a,m&Szwfudk aMumuf
,k'jynfudk rwdkufcdkufbJaecJhMuonf/ odkYaomf aemufydkif; xdkwkdif;jynfwdkYonfpkaygif;
a,m&Szwfudk wdkufckduf&efjyifqifMuonf/ a,m&Szwfonf y&dowfpnf;a0;&ma&SU
vmqkawmif;cJhonf/ ol\ qkawmif;csufrSm csD;rGrf;jcif;ESihftpjyKcJhonf/
2&mcsKyf 20;69bkd;ab;wkdY\bk&m;ocifxm0&bk&m;?udk,fawmfonf
aumif;uifbHk\ t&Sifbk&m;ocifjzpfawmfrlonf r[kwfavm/
wyg;trsKd;om;ae&mwdkif;EdkifiH &SdorQwdkYudktpdk;&awmfrlonfr[kwf avm/
tb,folrQrwm;qD;Ekdifatmif cGeftm;wefcdk;BuD;awmfrlonf r[kwfavm/ jynf
aebl;aomolwkdYudk oa&vtrsKd;a&SUrS ESifxkwf? udk,fawmf\taqG
tmjA[H\om;ajr;wkdYtm;?jynfudk
tpOfay;awmfrlaomtuREkfyfwkdY\bk&m;ocifjzpfawmfrlonfr[kwfavm/olwkdYonf
ae&mus?emrawmftbdkYoefY&Sif;&mXmeawmfudk
wnfaqmufMuaomtcg?tuREkfyfwkdYtay:rSmxm;ab;?'Pfcwfj cif;ab;?umvema
b;?rGwfodyfjcif;ab;wpHkwcka&muf?emrawmfjzifhorkwfaom
tdrfawmf?txHawmfodkYtuREkfyfwkdYonfcsOf;uyf? qif;&J'ku
aMumifhatmf [pfMuaomtcg?em;axmifu,frawmfrlyg [k avQmufxm;MuygNyD/

bk&m;ociftajzay;cJhonf
bk&m;ocifrS ya&mzwftm;jzifhtajzay;cJhonf/
2&mcsKyf 20;15-18 xdk olu? tkda,m&Szwfrif;BuD ;ESifh,k'jynfol?
a,k&SvifNrdKUom;taygif;wkdY? em;axmifMuavmh/ xm0&bk&m;
rdefYawmfrlonfum;?xkdtvHk;t&if;aMumifh raMumufMuESifh/ pdwf rysufMuESifh/
ppfrIonfoifwkdYwmr[kwf? bk&m;ocifhwmjzpf\/ eufjzefaeY olwkdY&Sd&modkY
csDoGm;Muavmh/ olwkdYonfZdZNrdKUodkYwuf&m
vrf;jzifhvmMupOf?a,a&Gvawmpem;?csdKifh0rSm oifwkdY awGYMuvdrfh
rnf/odkY&mwGif?tdk,k'jynfa,k&SvifNrdKUom;wkdY?oifwdkYonfppfwkduf
p&mtaMumif ;r&dSonfjzpf?wnfMunfpGm rwfwyfaevsuf? xm0&
bk&m;u,fwifawmfrljcif;aus;Zl;udkMunfhIMuavmh/raMumufMuESifh/
pdwfrysufMuESifh/eufjzefaeUcsDoGm;Muavmh/xm0&bk&m;onfoifwkdYESifhtwl&Sdawmfrl
vdrfhrnf[k>rwfqdk\/

tm;vHk;udk;uG,fcJhMuonf
a,m&Szwfonf ajray:rS m OD;cs ,k'jynfol a,k&SvifNrdKUom; taygif;wkdYonf
xm0&bk &m; a&SUawmf jyyf0yfvsuf? xm0&bk &m; udk udk;uG,fMu\/

bdodwfcH&aom oDcsif;onfrsm;
ppfyGJtwGufjyifqif&m a,m&Szwfonf xm0&bk&m;tm; csD;rGrf;jcif;
oDcsif;qdkaomolwdkYudk cefYxm;cJhonf/ xdkolwdkYonf wyfa&SU ae&m ,lMu&onf/

91

21-22 vlrsm;ESifhwdkifyifNyD;rS? xm0&bk &m;\ *kPmawmfonf

tpOftNrJwnfaomaMumifh? *kPfaus;Zl;awmfudk csD;rGrf;Muavmh[k wyfa&SUrSm
csDoGm;vsuf? oefY&Sif;jcif; toa&udkcsD;rGrf;&aom oDcsif;onf
wkdYudkxm0&bk&m;tbkdYcefYxm;awmfrl\/ xkdolwdkYonf csD;rGrf;&moDcsif;udk
qdkpjyKMuaomtcg ,k'jynfudkwkduftHhaomiSm vmaom?
pd&awmifom;wkdYudktrKeftrsKd;om;? armbtrsdK;om;wdkY
wbufxm0&bk&m;acsmif;ajrmif;apawmfrlojzifh?trKeftrsdK;om;?
armbtrsdK;om;wdkYonf txdtcdkufcH &aomaMumifh?

atmifjrifjcif;
;23 wzefpd&awmifom;wkdYudk okwfoify,f&Sif;jcif;iSgvSefwkduf ojzifh?
tukeftpifowfNyD;rS? wa,mufudkwa,mufwkdufcdkuf
ysufqD;jcif;okdYa&mufMu\/
;24-26 ,k'vlwkdYonf awm&Sdaom uif;arQmfpifodkYa&muf? xdktvHk;t&if;udk
MunfhIaomtcg?xkdvltaygif;wkdYonfwa,mufrQ
rvGwf?ajray:rSmvJaomtaoaumifjzpfMu\/a,m&SzwfESifh ol\ vlwkdY onf?
&efolwkdYOpmudkvk,ljcif;iSmvmtcg? taoaumifwkdY rsm;pGmaomOpm?
tbkd;xdkufaom wefqmwkdYudk awGYojzifh? xrf; roGm;Ekdifavmufatmif
cRwf,lMu\/vuf&Opm tvGefrsm;aom
aMumifh?oHk;&ufywfvHk;vk,lxkwfxm;vsufaeMu\/ pwkw aeUwGif
A&mccsdKifhpnf;a0;? xm0&bk&m;udkaumif;BuD;ay; Mu\/
xkdaMumifh?,aeYwkdifatmif xkdt&yfonfA&mccsdKifh[lwGifownf;/

tusOf;csKyf
tjyifyef;tajctae
olwdkYonf EkdifiHoHk;EdkifiHrS ppfwyftvHk;t&if;rsm;ESifh wdkufcdkufcHcJh&onf/

0dnmOfa&;&mtajctae
olwdkYonfbk&m;ocif\pum;awmfajymxm;onfht&mudkodonf/olwdkYonf
&efolIHk;edrfhonfh tcsdefa&mufNyD;rS csD;rGrf;jcif;r[kwfbJ &efol rsm;pGm 0dkif;&Hvsuf
tajctaetm;vHk;onf arQmfvifhjcif; r&Sd ouJhodkY jzpfaeaom tcsdefyif
bk&m;ociftm;csD;rGrf;cJhMuonf/olwkdYylaZmfaom t&mrSm csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zfjzpfonf/

&v'f
&v'frSm olwdkY\&efolrsm; tcsif;csif; tjyeftvSefowfjzwf? t<uif;rJh atmifjrifNyD;
&efol\ Opmrsm;pGmudkvnf; &&SdcJhonf/

atmifjrifjcif;odkY tqifhrsm;
a,m&Szwf\tjzpftysuf atmifjrifjcif;odkY tqifhig;qifhudk uREfkyfwdkYawGU&Sd&onf/

EIwfuywfawmfudkodjcif;
bk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmfudk &Smjcif;
bk&m;ocifxHrSMum;jcif;

92

 pum;awmfudk,Hk bk&m;ocifudk udk;uG,fjcif;

,HkMunfjcif;ESifhvkyfaqmifjcif; (atmifjrifjcif;udkrawGY&cif bk&m;ocifudk

csD;rGrf;jcif; )

csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifhwdkufaomwdkufyGJ
BuD;rm;aom 0dnmOf tcGifhtmPmESifhwefckd;onf bk&m;ukdcsD;rGrf;aom
aw;*Dw\t&Sdeft[kefrSxGufvmavh&Sdonf/ uREkfyfwkdY,ck avhvmNyD;cJh
aomOyrmaygvkESifhodvoDcsif;qkdxkdaemufrSmBuD;rm;aom ivsif vIyfjcif;jzifh
vGwfajrmufjcif; a&mufvmcJhonf/

csD;rGrf;jcif;onf atmifjrifjcif;\a&SU&Sdonf
a,m&Szwfonf bk&m;ocifudk oDqkdcsD;rGrf;&ef oDcsif;onfrsm;udkcefYxm; wyf\a&SU
oGm;apaomtcgBuD;rm;aomatmifjrifjcif;udk&&SdcJhonf/ olwdkY bk&m;ocifudk
csD;rGrf;jcif;onf? olwdkY\ wefcdk;BuD;rm;aom 0dnmOf vufeufudk toHk;jyKcJhjcif;jzpfNyD;
xdkvufeuftm;jzifh BuD;rm;aomwefcdk;
ESifh0dnmOftcGifhtmPmpD;xGufapcJhonf/uREfkyfwdkYbk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;
aomtcgrsm;wGifudk,fawmf\ 0dnmOfawmfonf uREfkyfwdkYtm; 0dnmOf a&;&m
wdkufyGJrsm;qDodkY OD;aqmifoGm;vdrfhrnf/
qmvH 149;6-9 wyg;trsdK;om;wkdYtm; w&m;twdkif;tjypfay;? vlpkwkdYtm;
'Pfcwfjcif;iSmif;? olwkdY\&Sifbk&ifrsm;udk oHBudK;ESifh csnfaESmif? rI;rwfrsm;udk
oHajccsif;cwfjcif;iSmif; ? usrf;pm rS wf xm;aom tjypfpD&ifjcif;udk
olwkdYtm;jyKjcif;iSmif;? oefY&Sif;ol wkdY onf
bk&m;ocif\*kPfawmfudkEIwfESifhcsD;rGrf;? oefvsufudk vuf ESifh udkifMuap/
xm0&bk&m;\oefY&Sif;ol taygif;wkdY onf xkdokdY aom bkef;ESifhqdkifMu\/
[mavvk,/
0dnmOfwdkufyGJ toGm;ESpfzuf&Sdaom bk&m;ocif\EIwfuywfawmf"g;udk uREfkyfwdkYEIwfrS
ajymqdkjcif;tm;jzifh atmifjrifjcif;rQomr[kwfbJ bk&m; ocifudk
csD;rGrf;oDqdkjcif;tm;jzifhvnf; 0dnmOfe,fy,fxJ BuD;rm;aom atmifjrifrIrsm;udk &&Sdonf/
a[&Sm, 30;31?32odkYjzpf?tmI&dvlonfxm0&bk&m;\toHawmf tm;jzifh
vSJcsjcif;? vHSwHawmftm;jzifh 'Pfcwfjcif;udk cH&vdrfhrnf/
xm0&bk &m;pD&if?ol\tay:rS mav;pGmcsxm;awmfrlaom vSHwH onf
a&SmufoGm;&m&m apmif;?ywfomwD;jcif;ESifhwuGjzpfvdrfhrnf/
olYudkjyif;pGmppfwkdufawmfrlvdrfhrnf/
csD;rGrf;jcif;\aw;*Dwonf 0dnmOfwkdufyGJwdkif;udk atmifjrifjcif;
ta&;BuD;aomu@wpfckjzpfonf/

udk;uG,fjcif;- ya&mzufjyKcsuf- wdkufyGJ

Asm'dwf 19;6-8 wzefwHk ? [mavvk,/ teEwefcdk;ESifhjynfhpHk awmfrlaom
xm0& t&Sif? igwkdYbk&m;ocif onf pdk;pHawmfrl\/
igwkdYonf0rf;ajrmuf&Tifvef;MuukefthH? *kPfawmfudkcsD;rGrf;MuukeftHh
93

taMumif;rl um;? odk;oi,f\ r*Fvmaqmif yJGudk cHcsdef&SdNyD/ ol\ rdef;ronf

udk,fudkwefqmqifNyD [kpnf;a0;aomolrsm;wkdY\toH? okrk'&moH?
jyif;pGmaomrdk;BudK;oH uhJodkY igMum;\/ xkdrdef;ronf pifMu,fajymifvufaom
ydwfacsmudk 0wfqif&aomtcGifhudk&\/ xkdydwfacsmrlum;? oefY&Sif;olwdkY\
ajzmifhrwfjcif ;jzpfownf;/

udk;uG,fjcif;

,aeYtoif;awmfodkYtopfaomcsD;rGr;f jcif;udk;uG,fjcif;\toHa&mufvm
aeNyDjzpfonf/xdktoHonfBuD;rm;aoma&vIdif;vHk;pD;oHuJhodkY?us,favmif
aomrdk;BudK;oHuJhodkY? us,favmifaom ppfatmifoHuJhodkY a&mufvmavh &Sdonf/xdkuJhokdY
xpfcsKef;us,favmifaom toH ,cif bk&m;ocif\ odk;oi,ftaeESifh
qif;<ucJhaoma,Ionf ,cktcg ,k'trsdK;\jcaoFh taeESifh xif&Sm; awmfrl
NyDjzpfonf/
wrefawmf&Sifa,m[efonf urmajray: pmwefcsnfaESmifcH&rnfh
BuD;rm;aomaemufqHk;wdkufyGJudk azmfjycJhonf/
Asm'dwf 19;10?11 igonfxdkoludkudk;uG,fjcif;iSm ol\ajc&if;
jyyf0yf\/oluvnf;? rjyKygESifh? igum;oifESifhvkyfabmfaqmifbuf jzpf\/
a,I\oufaocHawmfrlcsufudkaqmifaom oif\nDtpfudk wdkY \
vkyfabmf aqmifbuf vnf;jzpf\/ bk &m;ocifudkudk;uG,f avmh/ taMumif;rl um;?
ya&mzuf a[maompum;csuf oabm onf a,I \ouf ao
jzpfownf;[kightm; ajymqkd \/ xkdtcg
aumif;uifbHkzGifhvSpfvsuf&SdonfudkigjrifvQif? jrif;jzL&Sd\/ jrif;pD; aomolonf
opm[laomtrnf? orm [laom trnf&Sdownf;/ xkdolonf
w&m;ojzifhpD &ifwwf\/ w&m;ojzifhppfwdkufwwf\/
xkdBuD;rm;aom 0dnmOfwkdufyGJwGif ta&;BuD;aomu@ okH;ck&Sdonf/

ukd;uG,fjcif;
ya&mzufjyKjcif;
wkdufyGJ
ya&mzufjyKjcif;
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifhukd;uG,fjcif; rMumcPqdkovkd ya&mzufjyKjcif;\ 0dnmOfonf
wkdufyGJESifhoufqkdifaom 0dnmOfoDcsif;xJ xif&Sm;avh
&Sdonf/xkdtrIt&mjzpfvmonfhtcgwkdif;0dnmOfe,fy,fxJBuD;rm;aom
wkdufyGJrsm;atmifjrifavh&Sdonf/xkdtcsdef

txG#ftjrwfrsm;
tmPmpufrsm;
arSmifrkdufwefcdk;rsm;
csnfaESmifjcif;cH&onf/

qmvH 149;8 olwdkY\&Sifbk&ifrsm;udk oHBudK;ESifhcsnfaESmif? rI;rwfrsm;udk

oHajccsif;cwfjcif;iSmif; ?
94

wkdufyGJ
Asm'dwf 19 rS a,IESifh ukd,fawmf\oefY&Sif;olrsm; ewfqdk;ESifh ol\
arSmifrkdufwefckd;wkdYtay:atmifyGJcHonfh xkdBuD;rm;aomwkdufyGJokdYjyef <u vmrnfh
taMumif;udkqufaz:jyxm;onf/
Asm'dwf 19;12-16 rsufpdawmfonf rD;vQHuJhodkYjzpf\/ acgif;awmf
ay:o&zlrsm;udkaqmif;\/ udk,fwdkifrSwyg;? tb,folrQrodaom emronf
a&;xm;vsuf&Sd\/ taoG; ESpfNyD;aomt0wfudk0wf\/
bk&m;ocif\EIwfuywfawmf[laomtrnf&dS\/ aumif;uifAkdvfajc
wdkYonfjrif;jzLudk pD;vsuf pifMu,faom ydwfjzLudk0wfvsuf? aemuf
awmfodkYvdkufMu\/vlrsdK;wkdYudk'Pfcwfp&mbkdY? xufaom oHvsuf onf
cHwGif;awmfxJu xGuf\/ olwkdYudkvSHwHESifhtkyfpdk;awmfrlrnf/
teEwefcdk;ESifhjynfhpHkawmfrlaom bk&m;ocif\a'gotrsufawmf\ pyspfoD;e,f&m
wefqmudk zdeif;awmfrlrnf/ bk & if w d k Y \ bk & if ? ocif w d k Y \ ocif [k
bGJYemrawmfonft0wf awmfif;?aygifawmf if; a&;xm; vsuf&dS\/

a,Itm;jzifhylaZmfaomcsD;rGrf;jcif;,Zf
csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zfukda,Itm;jzifhomylaZmfEkdifonf/
a[NAJ 13;15 xkdaMumifh? igwdkYonfbk&m;ocif \ aus;Zl;awmf
udk0efcHvsufEIwfcrf;toD; wnf;[laom csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zfudkocif a,I
c&pftm;hjzifh bk&m;ocif a&SUawmf tpOfylaZmfMuukeftHh/
xkdcsD;rGrf;jcif;,ZfrSm ukd,fawmfrnfoljzpfjcif;ESifhwuG jyKcJhonfht&m rsm;
twGuf ukd,fawmf\emrawmfaus;Zl;awmf csD;rGrf;jcif;yifjzpfonf/
{zuf 5;20 cyfodrf;aomt&mwkdYaus;Zl;awmfBuD;vSyg\[k
igwdkYocifa,Ic&pf \ emrudkaxmuf ? crnf;awmfbk&m;ocifh a&SU?
umvtpOfrjywf 0efcHMuavmh/
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cyfodrf;aomumvcsD;rGrf;jcif;jzpfonf/
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yXemjyKMuavmh/ t&m&maus;Zl;awmfudk csD;rGrf; Mu avmh/ taMumif;rlum;?
oifwkdYonfxdkodkYusifhapjcif;iSm?a,Ic&pf bk&m;ociftvdkawmf&Sd\/
bk&m;ocifonf cyfodrf;aom t&mwdkYtm; uREkfyfwkdY\ tusdK; tzkdY
wnDwnGwfwnf;jyKpkaMumif;tjynfht0oabmaygufrSomxkdcsD;rGrf;jcif; ukd
uREkfyfwkdYjyKEkdifvdrfhrnf/
a&mr 8;28 bk&m;ocif udkcspfaomol wnf;[laom BuHpnfawmf rljcif;
twkdif;ac:awmfrlaomolwdkY\tusdK;udkcyfodrf;aomt&mwdkY onf
wnDwGwfwnf;jyKpkMuonfudk igwdkYodMu\/

bk&m;ocif\bkef;ukdxif&Sm;aponf
xkdcsD;rGrf;jcif;,Zfonfbk&m;ocif\bkef;ukdxif&Sm;aponf/
qmvH 50;23u aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;,Zfudkh ylaZmfaomolonf
ig\bkef;udk xif&Sm;apaomoljzpf\/
95

csD;rGrf;jcif;,ZfukdrnfuJhokdYylaZmfrnfenf;
qkH;jzwfcsufcsyg
oifonfbk&m;ociftm; tajctaewkdif; tcsdeftcgwkdif; csD;rGrf;rnf[k BudKwif
qkH;jzwfcsufcsyg/

,ckpwifyg
bk&m;ocifukd aeYpOf waeYwmvkH; csD;rGrf;yg/
csD;rGrf;jcif;\ tavhtxukd jyKpkyg/

'kuMuHKvQif

oif\qkH;jzwfcsufukdowd&yg/
oif\csD;rGrf;jcif;tavhtxtwkdif; qufvuftouf&Sifyg/
cufcJaomtcsdef csD;rGrf;jcif;onf bk&m;ociftm; oifhbuf

&yfwnfvkyfaqmif&ef tcGifhay;jcif;jzpfaMumif;owd&yg/

'kuMuHKcsdef csD;rGrf;jcif;onf tz\bkef;tm;xif&Sm;aponf/

bk&m;ociftm;csD;rGrf;csifpdwf uif;rJhaomtcsdefonf uREkfyfwkdY bk&m;ocifukd
csD;rGrf;oifhqkH; tcsdefyif jzpfonf/ ukd,fawmf\ EIwfuywfawmfukd emcHvQuf
ukd,fawmftm;csD;rGrf;pjyKaomtcg? uREkfyfwkdYonf bk&m;ocifxH ppfrSefaom csD;rGrf;jcif;
,ZfukdylaZmfjcif; jzpf xkdt&monf ukd,fawmftm;tvGef auseyfaponf/

,kHMunfjcif;jzifhtpjyKyg
csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zfukd tpjyKylaZmf&ef enf;vrf;rSm ,kHMunfjcif;tm;jzifhom jzpfonf/
ukd,fawmf rnfoljzpfjcif;ESifh jyKawmfrlaom trIrsm;twGuf csD;rGrf;yg/ xkdYaemuf
&ifqkdifae&aom tajctaetm; oifem;rvnfEkdif aomfvnf; xkdt&mtwGufcsD;rGrf;yg/
jyemxJrS xGuf&mvrf;ukd rjrifEdkifaomfvnf; vGwfajrmuf&mvrf;ukd
jyifqifxm;jcif;twGuf ukd,fawmftm;csD;rGrf;yg/ ukd,fawmf\ bk&m;
jzpfawmfrljcif;ukdcsD;rGrf; ukd,fawmfESifhwuG EIwfuywfawmfxm;awmf rlaom
*wdawmfwkdYtm;qifjcifatmufarhyg/
oif\csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zfukd qufvufylaZmfpjyKonfhtcg atmifjrifjcif;?
vGwfajrmufjcif;ukdaMujimaom bk&m;ocif\EIwfuywfawmftm;
us,faomtoHjzifh a<u;aMumfyg/
tpykdif;wGif oifonfemcHjcif;jzifhcsD;rGrf;jcif;,Zftm;ylaZmfNyD;?xkdokdYjyKjcif; tm;jzifh
oifonf tajctaetay:wGif tmkHrjyKawmhbJ bk&m;ocif om
rsufarSmufjyKjcif;&Sdvmrnf/oifonfbk&m;ocif\ wefckd; awmf? bkef;awmfESifh
oif\tajctaeukd,SOfjrifvmaomtcgoif\jyem rnfrQao;i,fonf ukd
awGU&ayvdrfhrnf/
oif\pdwfESvkH;wGif bk&m;pum;ESifhjynfhvsufwefckd;awmfESifh*wdawmfrsm;
tay:oifrsufarSmufjyKvmaomtcg csD;rGrf;jcif;\0dnmOfonfoHo, ESifh
pkd;&drfrIrsm;tpm; ae&m,l0ifa&mufvmvdrfhrnf/
96

csD;rGrf;&efcufcJonfhtcgcgwkdif;? bk&m;ocifukdemcH oif pwifcsD;rGrf; onfESifh

wNydKifeuf csD;rGrf;jcif;\ 0dnmOfawmfESifh jynfhvQH vTrf;jcHKjcif;ukd oifcHpm;vm&ayvdrfhrnf/
oif\0dnmOfukdcsD;rGrf;jcif;,ZfylaZmfjcif;qufarUGavsmfaponfhcP jcif; yif
ukd,fawmf\jynfhpkHaomrsufarSmufawmfxJokdY0rf;ajrmufjcif; ESifh
0ifa&mufaeNyDjzpfaMumif;oifhukd,foif jrifvm&ayvdrfhrnf/

ukd,fawmftm;csD;rGrf;oDcsif;qkdyg
a&SUawmfuckefyg
bkef;awmfESifhemrawmfukd csD;ajrmufyg

udk,fawmfonf oifhtwGuf u,fwifjcif;ESifhvGwfajrmuf&mvrf;ukd

jyifqifay;ayvdrfhrnf/

jyefvSefavhusifh&efar;cGef;rsm;
1. bk&m;ocifudkcsD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh csD;rGrf;jcif;,ZfylaZmfjcif; rnfokdYuGmjcm;oenf;/
2.&Sifbk&ifa,m&Szuf ppfajrjyif csD;rGrf;olrsm;ukd wyfa&SUxm;aomtcg rnfokdYjzpfoenf;/
3. &Sifbk&ifa,m&Szuf\tjzpftysufonf ,aeYuREkfyftm;rnfokdYaomOyrmjzpfapoenf;/

97

oifcef;pm(11)
csD;rGrf;jcif;uREkfyfwdkY\,Zfya&m[dwftief;twm
ed'gef;
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wrefawmf 13;1-3 tEdtkwfNrdKUwGif&Sdaom toif;awmf AmeA
rSped*g[kac:a0:aom Iarmif? uka&aejynfom;vkud? apmfbG m;
a[k'f \oli,fcsif;t&if; jzpfaom rmeifESifh a&S m vkwnf; [laom
ya&mzufjyKol?q&mjyKol&SdMu\/xdkolwdkYonfocifbk&m;0wfudkjyK
tpmudka&SmifMupOf?oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfu?igcefYxm;aomtrIudk
aqmif&Gufapjcif;iSmAmeAESifha&SmvkwdkYudka&G;cs,fcGJxm;Muavmh
[krdefYawmfrl onftwdkif;?tpma&Smif yXemjyKvsuf ? xdkolwdkYacgif; ay:rS m
vufudkwif vTwfvdkufMu\/
toif;awmfonfxkdt"dutusqkH;trIawmfudkaqmif&Gufjcif;rSa&GUavsmY vmaom tcg?
tjcm;aom trIawmfvkyfief;rsm; ykd vkdtyfvmonf/ toif;awmfrS
zsm;emaomolrsm;udk qkawmif;ay;&ef? ewfqdk;rsm;udk ESifxkwf&ef? qif;&Jom;rsm;udk
rp&ef? aMuuGJolrsm;udk ESpfodrfh&eftrIrsm; onf omvdktyfvmonf/ wdkifyifcH
ESpfodrfhjcif;rsm;udk pdwfydkif;qdkif&m jyemrsm;? tdrfaxmifa&;jyemrsm;?
t&ufESifhrl;,pfaq;pGJaeolrsm;?
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wkdYtwGuftpjyKvkyfaqmifvm&awmhonf/ xkduJhodkYaom taMumif;
t&mrsm;onfvnf; xyf xyfay:vmaevdrfhrnf/tdrfaxmifuGJjcif;?
tdrfaxmifa&;azmufjyefjcif;?rw&m;aom arxkef jyKjcif;?vdifydkif;qdkif&m
'kpkdufrsm;wdkYonf toif;awmfudk0ifa&mufwdkufcdkufpjyKvmawmhonf/
tu,f c&pfawmf\udk,fcEmonf if;\rlv trIawmfwnf;[laom csD;rGrf;jcif; ESifh
udk;uG,fjcif;odkYjyefvnfOD;wnfvmcJhvQif?xkdtjcm;aom trIawmf vkyfief;rsm;
vkyfaqmif&efvdktyfrIonfomomavsmhenf; vm vdrfhrnfvm; tBudrfaygif;rsm;pGm
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vlaygif;rsm;pGm cEmudk,fESifhpdwfydkif;qdkif&mtemNidrf;jcif;cHpm;&onfomru vGwfajrmuf
jcif; udkvnf; bk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmf cHpm;cJh&Muonf/

,Zfyka&m[dwfuJhokdYtrIaqmifjcif;
a,Ic&pfonfuREkfyfwdkY\ ,Zfya&m[dwfrif;jzpfonfESifhtrQ uREfkyf wdkY onf
udk,fawmf\,Zfya&m[dwft&mudk cH,lMu&onf/,HkMunfolwdkif; onf bk&m;ocif\
,Zfya&m[dwfjzpfonf/
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bkef;toa&? tpGrf;owd &Sdawmfrlapownf;/ tmrif/
uREkfyfwdkY\ awmf0if,Zfya&m[dwft&monfarvcdaZ'ufwnf;[laom
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&Sifbk&if'g0d'f\,Zfya&m[dwftrIawmfazmfjyvmonf/xkd,Zfya&m
[dwft&mESpfckvHk;onfvnf;a,I\,Zfya&m[dwftrIawmfNyD;jynfhpHkcJhonf/a,Ionf
98

xm0&,Zfya&m[dwfrif;jzpfNyD;? uREfkyfwdkYrSm udk,fawmf \ atmuf odkYr[kwf udk,fawmfh

txJrS vkyfaqmif&aom ,HkMunfol ,Zfya&m[dwfrsm;jzpfonf/
pOfqufrjywf csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zfudk ylaZmfonfh tcg ,Zfya&m[dwfrsm;
taeESifhuREfkyfwdkYvkyfaqmif&eft&mrsm;twGuf &Sif;vif;aomzGifhjyjcif; &&dS&ef
"ra[mif;acwf\,Zfya&m[dwft&mESifhoufqkdifaom vkyfief; rsm;udk avhvm&ef
vdktyfonf/

awmf0if,Zfya&m[dwf
arvcdaZ'uf
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rif;wpfyg; jzpf ynwfw&m;tm;jzifh cGJcefYaom ,Zfyka&m[dwfrif;wpfyg;
r[kwfyg/
qmvHusrf; a,Ionf arvcdaZ'ufenf;wl,Zfyka&m[dwfjzpfaMumif;
ya&mzufjyKcsuf pum;udk uREfkyfwdkY awGY&Sd&onf/
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a[NAJ 7;19 a&S;ynwf w&m;a[mif;onf? tm;r&Sd?tusdK;udkray; EkdifaomaMumifh?
y,f&Sif;jcif;odkYa&muf&\/ okdYaomfvnf;? om
jrwfaomajrmfvifhjcif;tcGifhonfae&mus\/xdkajrmfvifhjcif;tm;jzifh
igwdkYonfbk&m;ocifhtxHawmfodkY wdk;0ifcsOf;uyf&Mu\/
99

'g0d'f-&Sifbk&if^,Zfyka&m[dwf
'g0d'fonfbk&ifwyg;jzpfouJhodkY,Zfyka&m[dwfuJhodkYvnf;vkyfaqmifcJh onf/olonf 'g0d'f
wJawmfudk wnfcJh NyD; y#dnmOfaowmudk jyefvnf ,laqmif csD;rGrf;jcif;
,ZfylaZmfjcif;udk tpjyKcJhonf/ 'g0d'fonf arvcdaZ'uf yHkaqmifaom
,Zfyka&m[dwfuJhodkYvkyfaqmifcJhonfhtjyif ay:xGef;vmrnfh a,I\ ,Zfyka&m[dwf
trIawmf udkvnf; yHkaqmif cJhonf/ 'g0'fonf vlrsm;wdkYudk csD;rGrf;jcif;
ESifhudk;uG,fjcif;xJodkYOD;aqmif cJhonf ESifh trQ olonf xdkolwdkY
tm;bk&m;ocifteD;tem;csOf;uyf&ef OD;aqmifcJhjcif; vnf;jzpfonf/

a,IjynfhpkHjcif;
a,I\ ,Zfyka&m[dwf trIawmfaqmifcJhjcif;aMumifh ,Zfyka&m[dwf jzpfaom
uREkfyfwdkYvnf;bk&m; ocif\ rsufarSmufawmfodkY&J&ifhpGmwdk;0if vsuf uREkfyfwdkY \
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh udk;uG,fjcif;tm;jzifh udk,fawmfh xHodkY csOf;uyfcGifh &cJhNyD jzpfonf/

oefY&Sif;aom,Zfyka&m[dwft&m-tmkef
tmkefonf yxrOD;qHk;,Zfya&m[dwfrif;tjzpfcefYtyfjcif;cH&NyD; ol\om;rsm;rSm
,Zfya&m[dwfrsm;tjzpfcefYtyfcH&onf/ olwdkY\ om;rsm;rSmvnf; ,Zfya&m[dwfrsm;
jzpfvmvdrfhrnf/ tmkef\ ,Zfya&m[dwftkduft&mudk rdom;pk tpOftquf qufcHjcif;
tm;jzifhqHk;jzwfcJhonf/
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rdrdbk&m;ocif\ yGJawmf udkqufuyf tHhaomiSmrcsOf; ruyf&/

pkHvifjcif;vkdtyfonf
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trsdK;tpm;udk yHkaqmifonf/ a,Ionf pHkvifjcif;&dSNyD;? tNrJwrf;pHkvifjcif;udk
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ukd,fpm;jyK&ef rwwfEdkifay/
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tjcm;aomolwdkYESifhrwlbJjcm;em;rI&Sdonf/bk&m;ocifonfolwdkY
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if;tpwpfckpDwdkif;onf uREfkyfwdkYESifh bk&m; ocif\ qufEG,frIudk yHkaqmifaeonf/
trIawmfaqmifonfh xkdt0wftpm;tydkif;av;ydkif;yg0ifonf/

ydwfacsmabmif;bD
100

 csKyfdk;rygbJ tpwpfpwnf;jzifh&ufvkyfxm;aomtuFsD
ta&mifav;rsdK;&dSaomcg;yef;
ydwfacsmOD;xkyf
ydwfacsmrSmtNrJwrf;ajzmifhrwfjcif;udkyHkaqmifuREfkyfwdkYrSmbk&m;ocif\
ajzmihfrwfolrsm;jzpfonf/
2aum 5;21 tb,faMumifhenf;[l rlum;? bk&m;ocifonf
tjypfESifhuif ;pifaomol udk igwdkYtwGufaMumifhtjypf&Sdaom ol jzpfapawmfrl \/
taMumif;rl um;? igwkdY onfxdko ltm;jzifh bk&m;ocifa&SUawmf
ajzmifhrwf aomoljzpfrnf taMumif;wnf;/
olwdkYonfokd;arG;xnfudk r0wfqif&yg/ taMumif;rSm acR;xGufapaom
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xkwfjcif;\yHk&dyfjzpfonf/ okd;arG;xnfudk vHk;0oefYpifoGm;atmifrjyKvkyf Edkifyg/
xdkYaemuf,Zfya&m[dwfrsm;onf qDESifhbdodwfcH&onf-yHkaqmifcsufrSm
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmfjzpfonf/
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,Zfyka&m[dwfvkyfaqmif&eftcsufrsm;
rD;tpOfavmifaeap&rnf
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avmifaeap&onf/
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w&m;[lrlum;? ,Zfaumif udk ,Zfyvif xif;rD;ay:rSm wnOfUvHk;
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ay;awmfrlaomqkudk EId;aqmfrnftaMumif;? igonf oifhudkowd ay;\/
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rD;tpOfawmufavmifae&ef vdktyfaMumif; owday;chJonf/

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tvGeftqifajyauseyfvsuf ,aeYtwGuf 0dnmOfawmfajymaom tajctaeodkY
101

qufroGm;awmhbJ &yfwefYaom olrsm;jzpfvmEkdifonf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf

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aumif;BuD;ay;&rnf
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102

xGufajrmuf&m 23;15 ig rSmxm;cJhN yD;onftwkdif;? tAdAv

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vltoD;oD;wdkYonf wwf Edkifonftwkdif; quf& Murnf/

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bdodwfcH
103

,Zfyka&m[dwfrsm;\ tief;twmESifh trIaqmifjcif;onf bk&m;ocif \

teD;okdYcsOf;uyf&efjzpfonf/ ,Zfyka&m[dwfonf vlrsm;udk udk,fpm; jyKNyD; xkdvlrsm;rSm-

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oifwdkYonf odjrif&MuNyD/ xdkaMumifh ,ckwGifoifwdkY onf
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104

,aeY,kHMunfol,Zfyka&m[dwfjzpfaomuREkfyfwkdYonfvnf;csD;rGrf;jcif;
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vkdtyfonf/
1a,m 1;9

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zwfIqifjcif emcHvkdufavQmufvmonfESifhtrQuREkfyfwkdY
twGuf&Sdaomc&pfawmf\arwmawmfonfuREkfyfwdYktm;oefY&Sif;ap&efjyKvkyfay;ayvdrfhr
nf/
{zuf 5;25-27

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owday;csuf
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rdefYawmfrlonf[kqdkvQif?tmkef onfwdwfqdwfpGmaeav\/
,Zfyka&m[dwfjzpf&jcif;onf t<uif;rJhemcHjcif;vkdtyfaom *kPftoa& ESifh jynfhpkHonfh
txl;tcGifhta&;jzpfonf/
,HkMunfol-,Zfyka&m[dwfrsm;taeESifh uREfkyfwkdYonf ukd,fawmftm; csD;rGrf;jcif;ay;tyf&ef
vmaomtcg bk&m;ocif\ pum;awmfrS
TefMum;csufrsm;udkodemcHvdkufavQmuf&efta&;BuD;ayonf/uREfkyf wdkYonf
bk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;&efvmaomtcg bk&m;ocif\ csD;rGrf;jcif; twGufxm;aom
TefMum;csuf? yHkpHwdkYESifh rudkufnDaom uREfkyfwdkY\trI trSwfrJhaejcif;? emcHrIr&dSjcif;?
uREfkyfwdkY\ udk,fydkif enf;vrf; ESifhxHk;wrf; tpOftvmrsm; twdkif;vkyfcsifaom
qEtp&dSonfwdkYESifhvmr&Edkifyg/ uREfkyfwdkY\udk;uG,fjcif; bk&m;ociftm; em'yfESifh
tbd[k ylaZmfaom ]] xl;jcm;aomrD;}} uJhodkY avmuDqefaom oDcsif;?

105

aw;*Dw?avmu\yHkpH odkYr[kwf tjcm;aom bmomw&m;wpfck\

xHk;wrf;tpOftvmrsm; 0ifa&muf a&maESmvmjcif; tm; txl; *kjyK&efvdktyfonf/
1ay 2;9

oifwdkYrlum;? arSmifrdkufxJrStHhbG,faom tvif;awmf

odkY ac:oGif;awmfrlaomol\ *kPfaus;Zl;rsm;udk azmfjyapjcif;iSg ? a&G; cs,f

awmfrlaomtrsdK;jzpfMu\/ rif;pnf;pdrf&Sdaom ,Zfya&m
[dwftrsdK;? oefY&Sif;aomvlrsdK;? ydkifxdkufawmfrlaomtaygif;toif; jzpfMu\/

jyefvSefavhusifh&efar;cGef;rsm;
1. 1ay 2;5? a[NAJ 13;15 t&? ,HkMunfol,Zfyka&m[dwfrsm;taeESifh ocifbk&m;tm; ylaZmfaom,Zfrsm;rSm
tb,fenf;/
2. "ra[mif; ,Zfyka&m[dwfrsm;onf if;wkdY\ ,Zfrsm;ESifh ocifbk&m;tm; trIraqmifrSD rdrdukd,fudk
oefY&Sif;ap&rnf/ 1a,m 1;9 ESifh {zuf 5; 25-27 t& bk&m;ocifxHodkY uREfkyfwdkY\ csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifhrvmrSD
rdrdudk,fudk rnfuJhodkY oefY&Sif;aprnfenf;/
3. em'yfESifh tbd[k wdkY\ tawGYtBuHKrsm;rS uREkfyfwdkY rnfonfhoifcef;pmudk oif,lEdkifoenf;/

106

oifcef;pm (12)
,Zfya&m[dwfrsm;uJhodkYtouf&Sifjcif;
csD;rGrf;jcif;udk;uG,fjcif;ocifbk&m;tm;trIaqmifrnfh,HkMunfol ,Zfya&m[dwfrsm;
taeESifh rdrdwdkYtwGuf bk&m;ocif\ac:jcif;? avQmufvSrf;jcif;? ,lwif0wfaqmifjcif;
ESifh ,Zfrsm;udk wdwdusus od&efvdktyfonf/
1ay 2;5?9

toufausmufrsm;uJhodkY tqifhqifhtxyfxyfwnf

aqmufvsuf&Sdojzifh"rwdkufjzpfMu\/a,Ic&pftm;jzifhbk&m;ocif
ESpfoufawmfrl&m"r,ZfudkylaZmf&aomoefY&Sif;aom,Zfya&m[dwf
rsdK;vnf;jzpfMu\/
oifwdkYrlum;? arSmifrdkufxJrS tHhzG,faomtvif;awmfodkac:oGif;
awmfrl aomol\ *k Pfaus;Zl;rsm;udk abmfjyapjcif ;iSm? a&G;cs,f
awmfrlaomtrsdK;jzpfMu\/ rif;pnf;pdrf&Sdaom,Zfya&m[dwfrsdK;?
oefY&Sif;aomvlrsdK;? ydkifxdkufawmfrlaom taygif;toif;jzpfMu\/

,Zfyka&m[dwftkduft&mtm;aG;cs,fjcif;
a,Ionf ,cktcsdefwGif uREfkyfwdkY\ ,Zfyka&m[dwfrif;jzpfonf/
a[NAJ 7;15-17

xdkrS wyg;? arvcd aZ'ufenf; wltjcm;aom

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pyfqdkifaomw&m; twdkif;cefYxm;vsuf &Sdonfr[kwf /xm0&touf \
wefcdk;tmEkabmftwdkif;cefYxm;vsuf&Sdownf;/taMumif;rlum;? oifonf
arvcdaZ'ufenf;wl? xm0&,Zf ya&m[dwf jzpfonf[k oufao cHawmfrl \/
a[NAJ 8;1

,ckqdkcJhNyD;aom taMumif;t&mwkdY\ tcsKyftcsm

[lrlum;?xdkodkYaom,Zfya&m[dwfrif;onfigwdkY&Sd\/aumif;uifbHk
wefcdk;tmEkabmfawmf\ yvifvufsmbufrSmxdkifaeawmfrl\/

,Zfyka&m[dwfrsm;\ EkdifiHawmf
oa&vvlrsdK;rsm;twGufbk&m;ocif\qErSmif;wdkYtm;,Zfya&m [dwfrsm;\
EdkifiHawmfwpfck jzpfvmap&efjzpfonf/
xGufajrmuf&m 19;6c oifwdkYonfvnf; rif;pnf;pdrf&Sdaom
oefY&Sif;aomvlrsdK; jzpf&Muvdrfhrnf[laomtrdefY awmfudk
oa&vtrsdK;om;wdkYtm;qifhqdkavmh[k rdefYawmfrl\/

,Zfya&m[dwfrsdK;?

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cH,lMuonf/
Asm'dwf 1;6

rdrdcrnf;awmf bk&m;ocifa&SY igwdkYudk&Sifbk&ift

107

&mif;,Zfya&m[dwft&mif;cefYxm;awmfrl aomolonf? ur mtqufquf

bkef;toa&? tpGrf;owd &Sdawmfrlapownf;/ tmrif/

uREkfyfwdkY\ ac:jcif;ESifh txdkuftavQmuf avQmufvSrf;jcif;

&SifaygvkrS uREfkyfwdkYtm; rdrd\ac:jcif;ESifh txdkuftavsmuf
touf&Sif&efwdkufwGef;tm;ay;cJhonf/
{zuf 4;1 ac:awmfrljcif;aus;Zl;udkoifwdkYonf cH&onfESifhtxdkuf tavsmuf
usifhaqmifrnftaMumif;? ocifbk&m; twGufaMumifh tusOf;cH&aom
igonfoifwdkYudkwdkufwGef;EId;aqmfyg\/

oefY&Sif;aomvlrsdK;
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tb,folrQxm0&bk &m;udkrzl;rjrif&/
1ay 1;15-16

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fY&Sif;awmfrlaomaMumifh? oifwdkYonfvnf; oefY&Sif; jcif;&SdMuavmh
[kusrf;pmvmownf;/
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MunfaomMowy
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awmif;qdkaeonf/
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uif;aom ,Hk Munfjcif;wnfvsuf? pdwfESvHk;udk oHa0*w&m;ESifh
vGwfatmifjzef;jcif;?udk,fum,udkvnf ;Munf oma&jzihfaq;aMum jcif; &SdNyD;rS?
txHawmfodkYwdk;0ifcsOf;uyfMuukeftHh/
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aphpyfaomESvHk;om;
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udk,fawmf\ormw&m;vrf;odkYvdkufoGm;ygrnf/
emrawmfudkaMumufGHUrnftaMumif; tuREkfyfpdwfESvHk;udkaphpyfap awmfrlyg/

108

]]emrawmfukdaMumufGHUrnhftaMumif;tuREfkyf\pdwfESvHk;udkaphpyfawmfrlyg}}[laomt"dyg
,frSmtawG;tmkHtm;vHk;udk,laqmifudk;uG,fjcif;xJ wnDwGwfwnf; &dSapjcif;
jzpfonf/uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;ociftm; udk;uG,foa,mifESifh wu,hfvufawGU
tjcm;t&mrsm;ay:wGif tmkH pdkufaejcif;onf
bk&m;ociftm;rxDrJhjrifjyKemusifapjcif;yifjzpfonf/
,mukyf 4;8?10 bk&m;ocifcsOf;uyfM uavmh/ oif wdkYcsOf;uyf
awmfrlvdrfhrnf/ tjypf&SdaomolwdkY? oifwdkYvufudk pifMu,fapMu avmh/
pdwfESpfcG&SdaomolwdkY? oifwdkYpdwfESvHk;udkoefY&Sif;apMuavmh/
bk&m;ocifa&SUawmfudk,fudkudk,fESdrfhcsMuavmh/odkYjyKvQif?oifwdkYudkcsD;ajrmufawmfr
lvdrfhrnf/

jzLpifaomESvHk;
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wuf&rnfenf;/ oefY&Sif;&mXmeawmf tb,folonf&yfae&rnf
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udkrrSD0J rqnf;uyf? rrSef aomusdefqdkjcif;udk rjyKaomolonf?
oefY&Sif;aomvufESifh jzLpifaomESvHk;onf uREfkyfwdkY\pdwftajctaeudk azmfjyonf/
uREfkyfwdkYonfudk;uG,fjcif;udk tjcm;olrsm;jrif&ef tvdkYiSmom jyKvkyfae ygovm;/
uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;ocifxHrS csD;ajrmufjcif;ESifh uREkfyfwdYkvdkcsifaom tajz&&ef
twGufom udk;uG,faeygovm;/
uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;ocifa&SUawmf rdrd\pdwfESvHk;tajctaeudk ppfaMum&efvdktyfonf/

usdK;yJhaompdwf
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tdkbk&m;ocif? udk,fawmfonfusdK;yJhaMurG aom ES vHk;udk jiif;awmfrrlwwfyg/
usdK;yJhaompdwfonf dkusdK;jcif;ESifh emcHjcif;tm; oif,lNy;D aompdwf jzpf onf/
a,Itm;ocift&mudkvHk;0ay;tyfaom pdwfESvHk;jzpfonf/

bk&m;ociftm;dkaoav;jrwfjcif;
qmvH 89;7 bk&m;ocifonfoefY&Sif;olwdkY\y&dowftv,fwGif
tvGefaMumufGHUzG,f jzpf awmfrl \/ txHawmfywf vnfaeaomol taygif;wkdYxuf
kdaozG,fjzpfawmfrl\/

avmuESifhoD;oefYjzpfjcif;
aumavmoJ 1;13 arSmifrdkufwefckd;rSvnf; igwdkYudk EIwfcspfawmf rlaom
om;awmf\ EdkifiHxJodkY oGif;awmfrl\/

109

uREfkyfwdkY\,Zfyka&m[dwft0wftpm;
u,fwifjcif;udk,lwif0wfaqmifjcif;
a[NAJ 12;14 vltaygif;wkdYESifhtoifhtwifhaeNidrfoufjcif;udk if;?
oefY&Sif;jcif;yg&rDudkif;? rSDatmifvdkufMuavmh/ oefY &Sif;jcif; ygrD r&SdvQif?
tb,folrQxm0&bk &m;udk rzl;rjrif &/

csD;rGrf;jcif;t0wfwefqm
a[&Sm, 61;3 pdwfromNiD;wGm;aomZd tkefNrdKUom;wdkYtbdkYpD&if? jymt&m
aygif;o&zl? 0rf;enf;jcif; t&m0rf;ajrmufjcif;qD?Id;i,f
aompdwfoabmt&mcsD;rGrf;jcif;t0wfwefqmudkolwdkYtm; ay;ap
jcif;iSmif;?ighudkapvTwfawmfrlNyD/xdkolwdkYonfajzmihfrwfjcif;oydwf yif?
bkef;toa&awmfbdkY xm0&bk&m;pdkufysdK;awmfrlaomtyif[l orkwfjcif;udk
cH&vdrfhrnf/
uREfkyfwdYk\ csD;rGrf;jcif;t0wfwefqmudk0wfqif&eftvGefta&;BuD;onf/
omta&;BuD;aomtcsufudk"ra[mif;,Zfyka&m[dwfrsm;\t0wfrsm;twGufajymxm;a
om ta&;BuD;onfh usrf;csufrsm;wGifazmfjyxm;onf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf 0dnmOfxJ
,HkMunfol-,Zfyka&m[dwfrsm;jzpfuREfkyfwdkY\ t0wftpm;rSmvnf; 0dnmOfxJjzpfonf/

ajzmifhrwfjcif;0wfvHk
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wGufEkdifatmifaomvlrsm;taygif;wkdYonfjzLaom0wfvHkudk0wfqifvsuf?pGefyvGHcuf
udkudkifvsuf?yvifawmfa&SU?odk;oo,fa&SUrSm&yf ae Mu\/
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aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;ESihf *kPfawmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;
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bk&m;ociftwGufjyKaom ylaZmfjcif;rsm;om &dSonf/ ,aeYtcsdefwGif bk&m;ociftm;
ay;&ef uREfkyfwdYk xl;jcm;wdusaom ylaZmfjcif;rsm; &dSonf/
uREfkyfwdkYonfbk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmfodkY *kPfawmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh wdk;0if&efjzpfonf/
qmvH 100; 4 aus;Zl;awmf BuD;ygonf [k0efcHvsuf?wHcg;awmfwdkY udkif;?
*kPfawmfudkcsD;rGrf;vsuf wHwdkif;awmfwdkYudkif;0ifMuavmh/
aus;Zl; awmf udk csD;rGrf;? emrawmfudk aumif;csD;ay;Muavmh/

uREfkyfwdkY\ydkifqdkifrIrsm;
uREfkyfwdkYonfbk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmfodkYay;vSLylaZmfjcif;rsm;
jzifhwdk;0if&efjzpfonf/

110

okwH 3;9-10
oifonf udk,fOpmESifh tOD;oD;aom toD;tESH &SdorQwdkYudk
xm0&bk&m;tm;ylaZmfavmh/ odkYjyKvQif? oif\pyg;usD wdkYonf <u,f0?
pyspfoD;e,f&mwefqmwdkYudktopfaompyspf&nf vQHvdrfhrnf/

uREfkyfwdkYudk,fwdkif
uREfkyfwdkYonf rdrdudk,fudk ylaZmf&m,ZftaeESifh,laqmifvm&efjzpfonf/
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bk&m;ocifESpfoufawmfrlbG,faom vuPmESifh jynfhpHk aom ,Zfudk
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oifwkdYjyKtyfaom0wfudkjyKrnftaMumif;? bk&m;ocif\*kPmawmfudk
axmufxm;? oifwdkYudkig wkdufwGef; EId;aqmfay\/
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tukeftpifoefY&Sif;awmfrl ygapaom/ igwdkYocif a,Ic&pf
<uvmawmfrlaomtcg? oifwdkY\ udk,fcEm? pdwf?0dnmOf
taygif;udktjypfwifcGifhESifhuif;vGwfapjcif;iSmapmifhrawmfrlygap aom/

csD;rGrf;jcif;,Zf
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bk&m;ocifha&SUawmf tpOfyklaZmfMuukeftHh/
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bk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmfodkY aeYpOfwdk;0if&efjzpfonf/
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oefY&Sif;&mXmexJodkY 0ifa&muf&onf/ y#dnmOf aowmxm;&dSaom
toefY&Sif;qHk;XmexJodkYrl yka&m[dwfrif;onf wESpfvQifwpfBudrfom 0ifa&muf&onf/
toefY&Sif;qHk;Xmeonf bk&m;ocif\ yvifawmfcef;udk ajrBuD;ay:
yHkaqmifaomae&mjzpfonf/ *kPmyvifESifh zHk;tkyfxm;aom y#dnmOf

111

aowmonfbk&m;ocif\yvifawmfudkyHkaqmifonf/toefY&Sif;qHk;Xme
xJodkYa&muf&dSjcif;onfbk&m;ocifESifhteD;uyfqHk; rsufarSmufawmfxJodkY
a&mufjcif;jzpfonf/
um;wdkifay: a,ItaocHaomtcg oefY&Sif;&mXmeESifh toefY&Sif;qHk; Xmeudk
ykdif;jcm;xm;aom uefYvefYumonf xl;qef;pGmtvdktavsmuf txufrSatmufodkY
uGJpkwfoGm;cJhonf/ vlom;wdkYonf bk&m;ocifESifh wjcm;pDjzpfraeawmhay/
,cktcga,I\taoG;awmftm;jzifh,HkMunfol
wdkif;onfbk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmfxJodkY&J&ifhpGmwdk;0ifEdkifNyDjzpfonf/
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uREfkyfwdkYbk&m;ocif\ rsufarSmufawmf xJodkY aeYpOf wdk;0ifjcif;vnf;
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azmfjyonfh uckefjcif;wdkYjzifh 0ifa&mufoGm;Muonf/

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aus;Zl;awmfudkcsD;rGrf; emrawmfudkaumif;BuD;ay;Muavmh/
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bk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmfxJodkY eD;uyfvmaMumif; uREfkyfwdkY cHpm;&onf/
udk,fawmf\bk&m;jzpfjcif;udk qifjcifjcif;tm;jzifh uREfkyfwkdY atmifjrifjcif;&dSvmonf/
uREfkyfwdkYonf *kPfawmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;\ om jrifhaom
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twGif;wHwdkif;xJodkY a&mufvmNyDjzpfaMumif; rdrdudk,fudk awGYvm&NyDjzpfonf/
112

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bk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmftm; eD;uyfvGef;pGm cHpm;&
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vufrsm;yifh 0efcHMuonf/ aw;*Dwrsm; ajz;nif;oGm; vsuf odkYr[kwf
&yfwefYoGm;Muonf/ tpDtpOfESifhjzwfoef;cJhaomtcsdef umvonf
ajymif;vJoGm;cJhNyDjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocifh rsufarSmufawmf\
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rsuf&nfrsm;usqif;vmvdrfhrnf/wcgw&HuREfkfyfwdkYonfxdkokdYaom tcsdef
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toefY&Sif;qHk; XmexJ odkYa&muf&dSaecJhNyD jzpfonf/
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Oyrmtjzpf uREffkyfwkYad wGUEdkifonf/
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bk&m;ocif udk axmremjyKjcif;onf om,mavsmufywfonfjzpf?
axmremoDcsif;qdkMuavmh /
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tm;uREfkyfwkdYay;&efvkdtyfonf/ tusdK;&v'frsm;rSm uREfkyfwdkYtwGufom jzpfonf/
113

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1."ra[mif;,Zfyka&m[dwfrsm;onfwdusaomt0wf tpm;rsm;udk0wfqif&onf/"r opf,Zfyk
a&m[dwft&mtwGuf 0wfpm;qif,ifrIudkazmfjyyg/
2.uREfkyfwdkYbk&m;ociftm; rnfonfhylaZmfjcif;rsm;udk ay;tyf&rnfenf;/
3.csD;rGrf;ukd;uG,fjcif;xJ uREkfyfwkdYawGYBuHK&rnfh bk&m;ocif\ rsufarSmufawmfxJodkY wdk;0ifjcif;tqifhrsm;udk
azmfjyyg/

114

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csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;tm;jzifh atmifjrifjcif;
eH0dnmOfjzifhudk;uG,fjcif;
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tjypfajz&maeY&ufrS ,Zfyka&m[dwfrif;uJhodkY uREfkyfwdkYonf uefYvefYum twGif;odkY
0ifa&mufoGm;cJhNyDjzpfonf/ xdktcsdefumvonf tHhMozG,fjzpf onf/
,Zfyka&m[dwfrif;onf tjypf&dScv
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xdktaMumif;t&mESifhywfowfa&;cJhonfrSm

115

a[NAJ 9;8 yXrwJ awmf rysufrSDwdkifatmif? oefY&Sif;&mXme odkY oGm;aom

vrf;rzGifhao;aom taMumif;udk xdktrIt&mtm;jzifh
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tcgtcsdKUwdkYonftjcm;aombmompum;ajym&efteuf
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116

2aum3;18 igwdkY&SdorQonfrsufESmzHk;udkzGifhvsufrSefudkMunfhouJh odkY?

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t"dyg,frSm]],ZfylaZmf&mae&m}}[ljzpfonf/
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bk&m;ocifonftmNAH[H\wpfa,mufwnf;aomom;udkawmif;qdkcJhygoenf;

117

u 22;2 oifonf tvGefcspfaom wa,mufwnf;aomom; Zmufudk ,l?

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arm&dawmifonf bk&m;ocif\ wyg;wnf;aom om;awmf a,I
taocHcJhaomae&mjzpfaMumif; ,HkMunfMuonf/ xkdae&monf bk&m;ocif uREfkyfwdkYtm;
aG;EIwfjcif;ESifh uREkfyfwdkY tjypftwGuf aojcif;tzdk;tcudk tpm;xdk;cJh&mae&mjzpfonf/
tmNAH[H ya&mzufjyKcsufrsm;jynfhpHk&ef apmifhqdkif;cJhaom ESpfrsm;onf
xdkwdusaomae&modkY vma&mufEdkif&ef ,HkMunfjcif; ESihfemcHjcif;
jynfhpHkaomoljzpfzdkYtvdkYiSm jyifqifjcif;cHaomESpfrsm; jzpfaeygovm;

udk;uG,fjcif;aemufwGif tMunfhtI<uvmjcif;&dSonf
tmNAH[H? Zuf? ,mukyfwdkY oGm;cJhaom ae&mwdkif; bk&m;ocif tm;udk;uG,faom
,Zfyvifrsm;udk olwdkYwnfaqmuf Muonf/
,Zfyvifwpfck wnfaqmufNyD;onfh tcgwdkif;xdk ,Zfyvifwnf&m t&yf
aumif;uifwrefrsm;\ xif&Sm;jcif; odkYr[kwf bk&m;ocif udk,fawmfwdkif xif&Sm;jcif;tm;
usrf;pm tBudrfaygif;rsm;pGm azmf jyxm;onf/
uREfkyfwdkYbk&m;ociftm; emrf0dnmOf ESifh opmtm;jzifhudk;uG,faomtcg uREfkyfwdkYonf
0dnmOf,Zfyvifrsm;udk wnfaqmufae jcif;jzpfonf/

tmNAH[H? Zuf? aAov

urmOD; 12 tmNAH[HonfaAovt&yf,ZfyvifwpfckwnfcJhaMumif;
uREfkyfwdkYod&dScJhonf/ ESpfaygif;rsm;pGm Mumaomtcg,mukyfonfaAov odkYa&mufvmcJh
0dnmOfe,fy,fxJ jzpfysufaeaom t&mudk tdyfruf wpfck jrifrufcJhonf/
u 28;12-13c jrif&aomtdyfruf [lrlum;?ajrBuD;ay:avS um;
axmifvsuftzsm;onfrdkCf;aumif;uifwdkifatmif rSD\/bk&m;ocif\aumif; uifwr
efwdkYonf?xdkavSum;jzifh qif;vsufwufvsuf&SdMu\/ xm0&bk&m;onf
avSum;xuf &yf awmfrl vsuf?
xdkaAovyif Zuftm; bk&m;ocif xif&Sm; pum;ajym cJhonf/ uREfkyfwdkY
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh ukd;uG,fjcif;tm;jzifh xdk;azmufrIjzpfcJhaomt&yf rsm;wGif
0dnmOfe,fy,fxJ tHhMozG,f&mtjzpftysufrsm;jzpfavh&dSonf/

udk;uG,fjcif;onfwHcg;rsm;udkyGifhaponf
u 28;16-17
,mukyfonf tdyfaysmf&mrS Ekd;vQif? tu,f pifppf
xm0&bk&m;onf t&yf&Sdawmfrl\/ &SdawmfrlaMumif;udk igrod/ t&yfum;?
tb,frQavmuf aMumuf rufbG,fjzpfonf
wum;/t&yfum;?tjcm;r[kwf?bk&m;ocif\bHkAdrmef?aumif;uif wHcg;0jzpfonf
wum;[k? aMumufGHUjcif; odkYa&mufqdk\/
udk;uG,fjcif;tm;jzifh aumif;uifwHcg;0yGifhoGm;cJhonf/
qmvH 24;7 tcsif;wHcg;wdkY? wHcg;rkwfudk <uvdkufMu/tcsif;xm0& wHcg;wdkY?
udk,fudk <uvdkufMu/bkef;BuD;aom &S ifbk&if0ifawmfrlrnf/

118

'g0d'f- odk;xdef;\ uGif;jyif

'g0d'fonf odk;xdef;jzpfcJhpOftcgu AufvifNrdKU\ tjyifzuf uGif;jyifxJ bk&m;ociftm;
em&Daygif;rsm;pGm csD;rGrf;cJhjcif;onfwdkufqkdifrIwpfckjzpfcJh
ygovm; odkYr[kwfolonf bk&m;ociftm; udk;uG,fjcif;tm;jzifh aumif;uif\ wHcg;udk
zGifhcJhygovm;
xkdae&myif ESpf&maygif;rsm;pGmMum aomtcg a,I arG;zGm;csdef aumif;uifwrefrsm;
odk;xdef;wdkYxHokdYxif&Sm; oDcsif;qkdcJhavonf/
vkum 2;14
aumif;uifb0*f0,f? bk&m;ocif onf bkef;BuD;
awmfrlapownf;/ ajrBuD;ay:vnf; Nidrfoufjcif;&Sdapownf;/ vlwdkYtm;
arwmukPm&Sdapownf ;[k bk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf; >rwfqdkMu\/

csD;rGrf;jcif;onf zHk;tkyfaomuefYvefYumudk yGifhvSpfaponf

arSmifrdkufuefYvefYum
vlpDzmonf zHk;vTrf;aom bdodwfcH ackAdrf jzpfcJhonf/ ol\obm0rSm
zHk;vTrf;jcif;jzpfonf/ odkYaomf,ck olonfaumif;uifyviftm;bkef;ESihf jynfhaom
csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif; ESifhzHk;vTrf;&rnfhtpm;ajrBuD;tm;arSmifrdkuf uefYvefYumjzifh
zHk;vTrf;aeonf/
a[&Sm,60;2 MunfhIavmh/arSmifrdkufonfajrBuD;udkzHk;vTrf;vdrfh rnf/ xlxyfaom
arSmifrdkufonf vlrsm;udk zHk;vTrf; vdrfhrnf/ odkYaomfvnf;? oif\tay:rSm
xm0&bk &m;onfay:xGef;awmfrl? bk ef;awmfonf oif\tay:rSm xif&Sm;
vsuf&Sdvdrfhrnf/
pmwefonf ol\e,fajrrsm;tay: tkyfpdk;&ef arSmifrdkuf tpdk;&aom rif;
wefcdk;tmPmpufrsm;udk cefYxm;onf/
{zuf 6;12 taMumif;rlum;? oifwdkYonftaoG;tom;&Sdaom&efol wdkYESifh
qdkifNydKifwdkufvSef&Muonfr[kwf/ txG#ftjrwfwdkYESifhif;? tmPm pufwdkYESifhif;?
avmuDarSmifrdkuf tpdk;w&jyKvkyfaomrif;
wdktpdk;w&jyKvkyfaomrif;wdkYESifhif;?rdkCf;aumif;uifaeaomewfqdk;
wdkYESifhif;?qdkifNydKifwdkufvSef&Mu\/
arSmifrdkufuefYvefYum\ &nfG,fcsufrSm vlom;tm;vHk;rsufpduef;ap bk&m;ocif\
bkef;awmfudk rjrifap&efjzpfonf/
2aum 4;3-4 igwdkYa[majymaom {0Ha*vdw&m;onf zHk;tkyfvsuf &SdvQif
?qHk;IH;jcif;odkY a&mufaomolwdkYtm;omzHk;tkyfvQuf&Sd\/xkdodkY
r,HkMunfaomolwdkYum; bk&m;ocif\ yHko@mefawmfwnf;[laom c&pfawmf\
bkef;toa&ESifhjynfhpHkaom {0H a*vdw&m;\ ta&mif onf
tvif;udkray;apjcif;iSg avmuudk tpdk;&aombk&m;onf olwdkY\
OmPfrsufpd udk uG,fap\/

wefckd;ygaomwdkufyGJ
uREfkyfwdkYcsD;rGrf;jcif;ESihf ukd;uG,fjcif;,Zfyvifudk wnfaomtcg wefcdk; ygaom
t&mrsm;jzpfvmonf/ 0dnmOfudk arSmifrdkufapaom uefYvefYum
119

\]]NcHKxnf}}onfwppDNzJqkwfzsufqD;cH&onf/ xdke,fajrtay: tkyfpdk; aom arSmifrdkufudk

tpdk;&aomrif; onfvnf; IH;edrfhoGm;onf/
a[&Sm 25;& vlcyfodrf; udk zHk;aomrsufESmzHk;udk4if;? cyfodrf;aom
vlrdsK;wdkYudk zHk;vGrf;aom wif;wdrfudk4 if;? awmifay:rSmy,fawmf rlvdrfhrnf/
csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;tm;jzifh uREkfyfwdkYaumif;uifudk yGifhvSpfapaomtcg
aumif;uifwrefrsm;xif&Sm;vmEdkifonf?bk&m;ocif udk,fawmfwdkif a&mufvm Edkifonf?
udk,fawmf\ rsufarSmufawmfudk cHpm;vm&rnf jzpfonf/

'Ha,vOyrm
'Ha,v tcef;BuD; 10 wGif'Ha,v\pum;twGuftajzudko,faqmif vmol
aumif;uifwrefonf 21 &ufwdkifwdkifay&odEdkifiHudktpdk;&aom rif;\ qD;wm;jcif;udk
cH&onf/0dnmOfwkdufyGJrsm;aumif;uifjzpfcJhonf/ xdkaumif;uifwrefonf
aumif;uifwrefrif; rdauvvm rulrDwdkif atmif ay&odjynfudk
tpdk;&aomarSmifrdkufe,fy,f\rif;rSwm;qD;jcif; ukd cH&onf/ 'Ha,v\pum;twGuf
tajzay;aomtcsdefwGifarSmifrdkuf
uefYvefYumyGifhvSpfoGm;cJhNyD;aumif;uifwrefvnf;xkde,fajrudkxdk;azmuf
jzwfoef;EkdifcJhonf/

a,m&Szuf\atmifjrifjcif;
a,m&Szuf\atmifyGJonf csD;rGrf;ukd;uG,fjcif;tm;jzifhatmifjrifcJhaom BuD;rm;onfh
Oyrmrsm;xJrS wpfckjzpfonf/ xkdtaMumif;t&mtm; oifcef;pm 10 wGif
tao;pdwfavhvmcJhNyD;jzpfonf/
,k'jynfonf wkdif;jynfokH;jynf\ppfwyfrsm;jzifh wkdufckdufcH&aomtcg rdrdwkdY\
tiftm;onf arQmfvifhcsuf r&Sdavmufatmifyif enf;yg;ae aMumif;
awGUcJh&onf/okdYaomf a,m&Szufrif;ESifh,k'jynfoljynfom;wkdY
onfbmvkyf&rnfukdaumif;pGmodcJhonf/olwkdYbk&m;ocif\rsufESmawmfukd&SmcJhMuonf/
2&mcsKyf 20;15 xdkolu tdka,m&Szwfrif;BuD;ESifh ,k'jynfol
a,k&SvifNrdKUom;taygif;udkem;axmifMuavmh/xm0&bk&m;rdefY
awmfrlonfum; xdktvHk;t&if;BuD;aMumifh raMumufMuESifh/ pdwf rysuf MuESifh/
ppfrIonfoifwdkYwmr[kwf?bk&m;ocifhwmjzpf\/

oifhukd,foif ae&mcsyg
;17-18 odkY&mwGif tdk,k'jynfol a,k&SvifNrdKUom;wdkY oifwdkYonf
ppfwdkufp&mtaMumif;r&Sdonfjzpf? wnfMunfpGmrwfwwfaevQuf
xm0&bk &m;u,fwifawmfrljcif;aus;Zl;udkMunfhIMuavmh/raMumuf
MuESifh?pdwfrysufMuESifh/ eufjzefaeYcsDoGm;Muavmh/xm0&bk&m;onf
oifwdkYESifhtwl&Sdawmfrlvdrfhrnf[k>rufqdk\/a,m&Szwfonfajray:rSmOD;cs,k'jy
nfola,k&SvifNrdKUom;taygif;wdkYonfxm0&bk&m; a&SUawmf jyyf0yfvsuf
xm0&bk &m;udk udk;uG,fMu\/
]]olwdkYukd,folwdkYae&mcs&ef}}bk&m;ocif\pum; olwdkYxHokdY a&mufvm olwdkYonfvnf;
ukd;uG,fvsufemcHcJhMuonf/
;19 av0dtrsdK;aum[tET,fom;ESifh aum&tEG,fom;wdkYonf
120

oa&vtrsdK;\ bk&m;ocifxm0&bk&m;udk us,faomtoH ESifh

csD;rGrf;jcif;iSg &yfaeMu\/

oDcsif;onfrsm;udk a&SUwGifxm;jcif;
;21-22 vl rsm;ESifhwdkifyifNyD;rS xm0&bk&m;\ *k Pmawmfonf tpOftNrJ
wnfaomaMumifh *kPfaus;Zl;awmfudk csD;rGrf;Muavmh
[k wyfa&SUrSm csDoGm;vsuf oefY&Sif;jcif;toa& csD;rGrf;&aom oDcsif;onf wdkYudk
xm0&bk&m;tzdkY cefYxm;awmfrl\/
xdkolwdkYonf csD;rGrf;&m oDcsif;udk qdkpjyKMuaomtcg ,k'jynfudk wdkuftHhaomiSg
vmaom pd&awmifom;wdkYudk trKeftrsdK;om; ? armbtrsdK;om;wdkYwbuf
xm0&bk &m; acsmif;ajrmif; apawmfrl ojzifh trKeftrsdK;om;
armbtrsdK;om;wdkYonftxdtcdkufcH &aom aMumifh

&efolrsm; wa,mufudk wa,mufwdkufcdkufcJhMuonf

;23-24 wzefpd&awmifom; wdkYudkokwfoifz,f&Sm;jcif;iSg vSef wdkufojzifh
tukeftpif owfNyD;rS wa,mufudk wa,mufwdkuf
cdkufysufpD;jcif; odkYa&mufMu\/ ,k'vlwdkYonf awm&Sdaomuif;
arQmfpifodkYa&mufxdktvHk;t&if;udkMunfhIaomtcgxdkvltaygif;wdkYonfwpfa,m
ufrQrvGwf?ajray:rS mvJaomtaoaumifjzpfMu \/
&efolonf uREkfyfwdkYxufomrsm;jym;aomtiftm;ESifh0ef;&Haeaom
tcsdefyifuREfkyfwdkYonfrdrdudk,fudkocifbk&m;ae&mcsudk,fawmftm;
csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;udktpjyKcJhvQif0dnmOfe,fy,fxJxdk;azmufatmifjrifrI&&dSvmrnf/
bk&m;ocifonf rdrdoefY&Sif;olwdkY\ csD;rGrf;jcif; usdef;0yfawmf rl\/

csD;rGrf;jcif;tm;jzifh wkdufaomwkdufyGJ
wcsdefu aumif;uifay:wGifcsD;rGrf;oljzpfcJhzl;aom uREfkyfwdkY\ &efolrsm; onf
csD;rGrf;jcif;\ toHudk rcH&yfEdkifay/ bk&m;ocif apvTwfawmf rl
aomaumif;uifwrefppfonfrsm;onf ewfqdk;tiftm;pkrsm;udk tvQif tjref
wdkufckdufayvdrfhrnf/ uREfkyfwdkY bk&m;ociftm; csD;rGrf;jcif;udk tpjyKaomtcg
&efolwdkYonf tmkHaxGjym; tcsif;csif;wa,mufudk wa,mufwdkufcdkufum
IH;edrfhoGm;ayvdrfhrnf/
rsm;pGmaomolwdkYonf &efoklESihfppfwdkufae&aMumif;udk od&aom tcg
rdrdwdkY\tcsdefrsm;pGmudkewfqdk;ESifhol\raumif;qdk;0g;rsm;tm;atmf[pf jcif;
toHk;jyKavh&dSMu\/ olwdkYonf&efoltay:tmHkpdkufaeMuonf/
,aeYtcsdefwdkufyGJ0ifaw;*DwtwGufae&mwpfck&dSaeNyDjzpfonf/ xdk t&m onf
uREfkyfwdkY\ &efoltay: atmifjrifjcif;ESifh pyfqdkifaom tcGifhtmPmudk trSwf&ap
&efoltm;vnf; if;onf IH;edrfhNyD;oljzpf aMumif;trSwf&aponf/
atmifjrifaomwkdufyGJqdkonfrSm &efoltm; atmf[pfaejcif;r[kwfbJ csD;rGrf;jcif;udk
A[kdjyKjcif;jzpfonf/xkdcsD;rGrf;jcif; onf uREfkyfwdkYbk&m;ocif\ BuD;jrwfjcif;udkom
tmkHpdkuf vkyfaqmif jcif;jzpfonf/
qmvH 149;6-9 wyg;trsdK;om;wdkYtm; w&m;twdkif;tjypfay; vlpkwdkYtm;
'Pfcwfjcif;iSg 4if;? olwdkY\ &Sifbk&ifrsm;udk oHBudK;ESifh csnfaESmif rSL;rwfrsm;udk
121

oHajccsif;cwfjcif;iSg4if;? usrf;pmrS wf om;aom tjypfpD&ifjcif; udk

olwdkYtm;vGwfjcif;iSg4if;? oefY&Sif;ol wdkYonf
bk&m;ocif\*kPfawmfudkEIwfESifhcsD;rGrf;oefvQufudkvuf ESifh udkifMuap/
xm0&bk&m;\oefY&Sif;oltaygif;wdkYo nfxdkodkYaom bkef;ESifhqdkifMu\/
[mavvk,m/
a[&Sm 32;2 xdkrif;wdkYonf avvHk rdkCf;oufrkefwdkif;uG,f&mt
&yfuJhodkY4if;? aoGUajcmuf aomajr pD;aom acsmif;a&uJhodkY4if;? ae ylaom t&yf
ausmufvHk;BuD;\ t&dyfuJhodkY jzpfMuvdrfhrnf/
a,m&Szwf\ wyfa&SU csDoGm;&aomoDcsif;onfwdkYonf ewfqdk;tm;
wdkufdkufwdkufcdkufaomoDcsif;rsm;udk oDqdkaecJhjcif; r[kwfay/ olwdkY onf
oefY&Sif;jcif;\ toa&udk csD;rGrf;jcif; udk,fawmf\ *kPm awmf tpOftNrJ
wnfaomaMumifh xm0&bk&m; tm;csD;rGrf;jcif;
oDcsif; rsm;udk oDqdk cJhMuonf/ olwdkYonf bk&m;ocifudk ukd;uG,faeMu jcif;
omjzpfonf/

aygvkESifh odv
aygvkESifh odvwdkYonft0wfcRwfjcif;?kdufESufjcif;udkcHaxmiftwGif; if;wdkY\
ajcrsm;udk xdyfwHk;cwfum tusOf;cs jcif;cHcJh&onf/
wrefawmf 16;25-26 oef;acgiftcsdef aygvkESifh odvwdkYonf yXmemjyK
bk&m;ocif udk csD;rGrf;vsuf oDcsif;qdkav\/ axmifxJ rSm aESmifzGJUjcif;udk cH&aom
olwdkYonf em;axmifMu\/xdkcPjcif; wGif ajrBuD;onfjyif;pGm vIyfaomaMumifh
axmifajc&if vnf;vIyf
&Sm;\/ wHcg;&SdorQwdkYonf csufcsif ;yGifh vltaygif;wdkYonf aESmif
zGJYjcif;ESifhvGwfMu\/
uREfkyfwkdYonf rnfrQyif rjzpfEdkifaom tajctaersm;udk awGY&apumrl
csD;rGrf;jcif;,ZfudktqufrjywfylaZmf&rnf/xkduJhodkYjyKaomtcgwefcdk;yg aom&v'frsm;udk
tNrJwrf;awGU&rnfjzpfonf/ atmifjrifjcif;onftjrifh
qHk;aomcsD;rGrf;jcif;ESifhtuRrf;0ifqHk; udk;uG,fjcif;tm;jzifhom a&mufvm Edkifonf/
uREfkyfwdkYonf 'g0d'f atmufygqmvHudk a&;aomtcg olESifh oabmwlEdkifayonf/
qm 68;1 (u) bk&m;ocifxawmfrl &efolwdkYonf t&yf&yfodkY
uGJjym;Muygapaom/ bk&m;ocifudk rk ef;aomolwdkYonf txH awmf u
ajy;Muygapaom/

jyefvSefavhusifh&efar;cGef;rsm;
1. udk;uG,fjcif;tm;jzifh bk&m;ocif\ rsufarSmufawmfxJodkY uREfkyfwdkY rnfuJhodkY]]
0ifa&muf}} rnfenf;/
2. bk&m;ocifudk uREfkyfwdkY udk;uG,fvmaomtcg jzpfay:vmaom ]]xdk;azmufrI}} udk
azmfjyyg/
3. &Sifbk&if a,m&Szwf\ vufatmuf&dSaom ,k'ppfwyfrsm;onf
0ef;&Hxm;aom&efolrsm;wpfzufae
rnfuJhodkY xdk;azmufjcif;udk &&dScJhoenf;/

122

oifcef;pm (14)
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh udk;uG,fjcif; udkOD;aqmifjcif;
uREfkyfwdkYonf csD;rGrf;jcif; ESihf udk;uG,fjcif;tpDtpOf tay:bk&m;ocif \ bdodwfjcif;udk
arQmfvifhvQif toif;awmf bk&m;ocifowfrSwfxm; aom tpDtpOfESifh yHkpHudk
vkdufemMu&rnf/

oif;tkyfq&mESifh tjcm;aom trIaqmifvlBuD;rsm;

0dnmOfa&;&m OD;aqmifrI
toif;awmf\ oif;tkyfq&mESifh tjcm;trIaqmifvlBuD;rsm;onf toif;awmf
xda&mufaom csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif; trIawmfwpfck&dS&ef twGuf 0dnmOfa&;&m OD;aqmifrI?
tcGifhtmPm? TefMum;csuf ESifh yHkpHrsm;udk axmufyhHay;&rnf/
1ay 5;2-3 oifwdkYESifhtwl&Sdaom bk&m;ocif \odk;awmfpkudkxdef; jcif;trIrSm
tEdkifxdef;&aomaMumifhr[kwf / rpifMu,faompD; yGm;udk
wyfrufaomaMumifhr[kwf bJtvdkvdkapwem&SdMunfhItkyfxdef;Muavmh/
toD;oD;tkyfaom toif;awmfwdkYudktmPmtpdk;w&jyKonf r[kwfbJ
odk;awmfpka&SUrSm yHkoufaojyaomoljzpf Muavmh/

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pwifonfh tcsdefrSpwuf<upGmyg0ifoifhayonf/
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pum;ajymjcif;?usifhMuHjyKrljcif; ?olwyg;udkcspfjcif;? opmapmifh jcif;?
pifMu,fjcif;t&mrSm ,HkMunfaomolwdkYtm; yHkoufaoudk jy avmh/

aumif;aom yHkoufao
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olwdkYonftoif;awmf\0wfjyKjcif;tpDtpOfcsD;rGrf;jcif;ESifhudk;uG,fjcif;
tcsdeftay:tav;teufrxm;ouJhodkY xifjrifp&m&dSNyD;? ,HkMunfolrsm; onfvnf;
xdkuJhodkY pdwfxm;rsm; &dSvmEdkifonf/
1aum 11;1 igonf c&pfawmf\ enf;wl usifhouJhodkYoifwkdYvnf; igenf;wl
usifhMuavmh/

trIawmfaqmif&efjyifqifjcif;
oif;tkyfq&mESifhtjcm;trIawmfaqmifrsm;onfvnf;vlrsm;twGufxd a&muf
aomtrIaqmifjcif;jyKEdkif&eftvdkYiSm bdodwfpD;xGufjcif;twGuf
rdrdwdkY\ ESvHk;om;rsm;udk csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif; tcsdefwiG fpepfusaocsmpGm
jyifqif&efvdktyfonf/

123

wref 6;2 xdktcgwusdyfESpfyg;aomwrefawmfwdkYonfwynfhawmf taygif;wdkYudk

ac:NyD;vsif igwdkYonf bk&m;ocif \EIwfuywfw&m; awmfudkxm; pm;yGJ
vkyfauR;rIudk raqmifoifh /

0dnmOfawmf\ tavhtvmudk ydkif;jcm;odjcif;

trIawmfjrwfig;ckyg0ifaomolwdkYonftjcm;aomtmkHaxGjym;rIrsm;udk
a&SmifMuOfvlrsm;tm;xdktcsdef trIawmfaqmifjcif;twGuf oefY&Sif; aom
0dnmOfawmf\ vIyf&Sm;jcif; ESifh tavhtvmudkt<uif;rJh ykdif;jcm; Edkif&ef
rdrdukd,fukdjyifqif&efvnf; tvGefta&;BuD;onf/

udk;uG,fjcif;udk OD;aqmifolrsm;tm;cefYxm;jcif;
wD;rIwfolrsm;ESifh udk;uG,fjcif;udk OD;aqmifolrsm;onftoif;awmf\trI
awmfaqmifvlBuD;rsm;tm;jzifh cefYxm;jcif;cH&efjzpfNyD; if;wdkY\ tcGifh tmPm atmuf
trIawmfaqmif&efjzpfonf/ jzpfEdkifvQif csD;rGrf; ukd;uG,fjcif;onf oif;tkyfq&m?
ya&mzufrsm;xJrS wa,mufa,muf odkYr[kwf xdktrIt&mrsm; qkaus;Zl;&dSaom
trIawmfaqmif vlBuD;rsm; xJrS wa,mufa,muftm;jzifh OD;aqmifrI&dS&efjzpfonf/
xdktrIt&mESifhywfowfaom usrf;pmxJrS Oyrm&Sifbk&if'g0d'fonf wcsdKU aom
av0drsdK;EG,frsm;tm; ocifbk&m;a&SUawmf trIawmf aqmif&ef
wD;rIwfolrsm;tjzpfcefUxm;jcif; awGU&onf/
1&mcsKyf 16;4 wzef xm0&bk&m;\ aowmawmfa&SUrSm trIawmf udk
aqmifGuf oa&vtrsdK;\ bk&m;ocif xm0&bk&m;\*kPf aus;Zl;awmf udk
tvSnfhtwdkif; csD;rGrf;apjcif;iSg cefYx m;awmf rlaom av0dom;rsm; [lrlum;?

'g0d'ftm;jzifhcefYtyfjcif;cH&aom udk;uG,fjcif;tzGJU
'g0d'ftm;jzifh cefYtyfjcif;cH&aomtrIawmfaqmiftzGJYi,fwpfck&dScJhonf/

ukd;uG,fjcif;udk OD;aqmifol
tmoyfonf wD;rIwfolwdkY\tBuD;tuJtjzpfOD;aqmifrItcGifhtmPmudk
ay;tyfjcif;cH&onf/
1&mcsKyf 16;5 cGufuGif;wD;aom tBuD;tuJtmoyf? olUaemuf
apmif;wa,mwD;aom Zmc&d? a,v? a&Srd? &mrkwf? a,a[v? rwdod? {vsmb?
aAem,? MoAa''Hk? a,vwpkESifh-?

oDcsif;OD;aqmifol
oDcsif;OD;aqmifol wpfa,muftm;vnf; cefYtyfxm;cJhonf/
1&mcsKyf 15;22 av0dom;tBuD;tuJ?jzpfaomaceedonfoDcsif; twwf
avhusufaomaMumifh oDcsif;q&mBuD;jzpf\/
1&mcsKyf15;27c 'g0d'f ESifhaowmxrf; aomav0dom;rsm;?oDcsif; q&m aceed ESifh
oDcsif;qdkolrsm;wdkYonf ydwfacsmudk 0wfMu\/ 'g0d'fonf ydwfoifwdkif;udk
vnf;xyf0wf\/

124

wl&d,mwD;rIwfolrsm;
wl&d,mwD;rIwfolrsm;tm;vnf; 0wfjyKjcif;twGuf cefYxm;cJhonf/
1&mcsKyf 25;6-7 xdkom;taygif;wdkYonftmoyf?a,'kokef?a[rmef wdkYudk
&Sifbk&ifpD&if onfhtwdkif; tba[rmef wynfhjzpf xm0& bk&m;t&Sif
bk&m;ocif \ tdrfawmfcG ufuGif;? apmif;? wa,m udk wD;vsuf oDcsif;qdk
trIawmfudkaqmifGuf&Mu\/xdkolwdkYESifhwuG
xm0&bk &m;\oDcsif;udkoifavhusufaomnDtpfudkaygif;um;ESpf&m&Spfusdyf&Spfa
,mufwnf;/

udk;uG,fjcif;OD;aqmifolrsm;-olwdkY\ trIawmfaqmifqkaus;Zl;rsm;ESifh oifwef;rsm;

ya&mzufrsm;uJhodkYvkyfaqmifjcif;
rMumcPqdkovdk udk;uG,fjcif;OD;aqmifolrsm;tjzpf bk&m;ocifa&G;cs,f
aomolwdkYonfya&mzufwa,muf\]]qkaus;Zl;}}udk&&dSvmwwfMuonf/
aw;*Dwonfvnf;rMumcPqkdovdk ya&mzufjyKjcif;\ 0dnmOftm; tvkyfvkyf&ef
toHk;jyKjcif;cH&onf/
1&mcsKyf 25;1

xdkrSwyg; tmoyf?a[rmef? a,'kokefom;wdkYESifht

wl 0dkif; apmif;? oa,m ?cGufuGif;udk wD;rIwfvsuf udk;uG,fjcif;

trIudk aqmifGufp&mbdkY 'g0d'fESifh y&dwfowfbdkajc tBuD;tuJwdkY
onf cGJcefYaomolwdkYpm&if; [lrlum; /
1&mcsKyf 25;3 a,'kok efom;a*'vd? aZ&d?&Sdrd?a,&Sm,?[k&Sbd ?
rwdodaygif; ajcmuf a,muf ?olwdkYonf tba,'kokefwynfh jzpf
xm0&bk &m;\ *k Pfaus;Zl;awmfudk abmfjycsD;rGrf;jcif;iSg apmif; wD;vsuf
udk;uG,fjcif;trIudk aqmifGuf&Mu\/

aw;*Dw avhusifhoifMum;cH,ljcif;
ocifbk&m;tm;aw;*DwESifh trIawmfaqmif&ef twGuf ac:oHESifh 0efwm udk
b,faomtcgrQayghqpGm oabmrxm;oifhay/ oDqdkol
odkYr[kwfwD;rIwfoltp&dSonfhcsD;rGrf;jcif;udkOD;aqmifolrsm;onfuRrf;usif
aom*Dwynm&Sifrsm;jzpfvm&ef*kwpdkufoifMum;jcif;udkcH,l avhusifh
&ef vdktyfayonf/
1&mcsKyf25;67 xdkom;taygif;wdkYonftmoyf? a,'kokefa[rmef wdkYudk
&Sifbk&ifpD&if onfhtwdkif; tba[rmef wynfh jzpf xm0&bk &m;t&Sif
bk&m;ocif \tdrfawmfcGufuGif;?apmif ;?wa,m
udkwD;vsufoDcsif;qdktrIawmfudkaqmifGuf&Mu\/xdkolwdkYESifhwuG
xm0&bk &m;\oDcsif;udkoifavhusufaomnDtpfudkaygif;um;ESpf&m&Spfusdyf&Spfa
,mufwnf;/

125

udk;uG,fjcif;udkOD;aqmifolrsm;\ vkdtyfaom t&nftcsif;rsm;

bk&m;ocif\ bdodwfcH
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh udk;uG,fjcif;udk OD;aqmifaomolwpfa,mufonf toif; awmf
xkduJhodkYxl;uJ ta&;BuD;onfh trIawmfudk aqmif&Guf&efbk&m; ocif\
bdodwfay;jcif;udk cH&oljzpf&rnf/ xkdt&monf oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfxHrS
tav;xm; jyKpkysdK;axmif&efvdktyfaomqkaus;Zl;ESifh ac:oHjzpfonf/
1a,m 2;20 ? ;27 oifwdkYonf oefY&Sif;awmfrlaombk&m;\ vufrS bdufoduf
aus;Zl;awmfudk cH& cyfodrf;aomt&mwdkYudk odMu\/
odkYaomfvnf; oefY&Sif;awmfrlaom bk&m;\ vufrSoifwdkY cH&aom
bdodufaus;Zl;awmfonf oifwdkY &Sdonfjzpf tb,folrQ oif wdkYudk qHk;r
Mo0g'ay;p&m taMumif;r&Sd? xdkbdodufaus;Zl;awmf onf
jzpfa,mifaqmifonfr[kwf? trSefjzpfvsuf cyfodrf;aom t&mwdkYudk
oifwdkYtm;oGefoifawmf rlonftwdkif; oifwdkYonf om; awmf wnfaeMuavmh/

udk;uG,faomol
csD;rGrf;jcif;udk OD;aqmifolrsm;onf rdrdudk,fwkdiftoufwm ravQmuf
vSrf;aomt&mudkvlrsm;tm;OD;aqmif&efrjzpfEdkifay/jyif;jyaom csD;rGrf; jcif;ESifh
udk;uG,fjcif;onfxdkOD;aqmifol\aeYpOf udk,fykdiftoufwm ESifh
qufuyfjcif;xJ&dSae&rnf/
a,m 4;23 -24 udk;uG,faomol rS eforQwdkYonf crnf; awmf udk eH0dnmOfES ifh4if;?
opmw&m;ES ifh 4if;udk;uG,f&rnfhtcsdef umvonf vm,ckyifa&mufvsuf&Sd\/
taMumif;rlum;xdkodkYudk;uG,faomol
wdkYonfcrnf;awmfonftvdk&Sdawmfrl\/bk&m;ocif onfeH0dnmOf jzpfawmf rl\/
bk&m;ocifudkudk;uG,faom olwdkYonf eH0dnmOfESifh 4if;?opmESifh4if; udk;uG,f&rnf
[krdefYawmfrl\/

0dnmOfa&;&m&ifhusufol
c&pfawmf\ udk,fcEmxJ acgif;aqmifwpfa,mufjzpf&ef xkdolonf
&ifhusufaom,HkMunfol odkYr[kwf olr\ynm tawGYtBuHKESifh vdrm yg;eyfaom
0dnmOfa&;&mOD;aqmifrIonf udk,fcEm\ yg0ifjcif;tm; vGefpGmcGeftm;jzpfapvdrfhrnf/
{zuf 4;12 -13 "rq&m\trIudk jyKwwfrnfhtaMumif; oefY&Sif; olwdkYudk
jyifqifjcif;tvdkYiSg xdkocifonf vltcsdKUwdkYudk wrefawmf t&m4if; ?tcsdKUwdkYudk
ya&mzuft&m4if; ?tcsdKUwdkYudk omoemjyK t&m4if; ?tcsdKUwdkYudk
oif;tkyfq&m?q&mt&m4if; cefYxm;awmf rl\/igwdkY&SdorQonf
,HkMunfjcif;odkY4if;?bk&m;ocif\ om;awmfudk
oduRrf;jcif;odkY4if;?wnDwGwfwnf; a&mufc&pf awmf \jynfhpHkjcif; yrmP
t&yfwnf;[laom BuD;&ifhaomvl\tjzpfodkYa&mufM uonf wdkifatmif
jzpfownf;/

acgif;aqmifEdkifrIt&nftaoG;rsm;
olwdkYonf vlrsm;tm;vIHaqmf OD;aqmifEdkifaomoljzpf&rnf/

126

1aum 11;1 igonf c&pfawmf\ enf;wl usifhouJhodkY oifwkdY vnf;igenf;wl

usifhMuavmh/

0dnmOfa&;&mtuif;yg;jcif;
olwdkYonf toif;awmf,HkMunfolrsm;\wHkjyefrIay:Edk;Mum;?tuif;yg; vsuf
wcsdefwnf;rSmyifoefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\bdodwfESifhOD;aqmifrI aemufodkY tuif;yg;pGm
vdkufaomol jzpf&rnf/
qmvH78;72 xdkolonfajzmifhrwfaomoabm&Sdonfhtwdkif;auR; arG;
vdrmaomvufESifhydkYaqmifav\/

0efcHjcif;&dSol
olwdkYonf toif;awmfxJ oif;tkyfq&mESifh tjcm;aom0dnmOfa&;&m BuD;&ifhrIrsm;udk
todtrSwfjyK0efcH&rnf/
1ay 5;5
xdkenf;wl toufysdKaomolwdkY toufBuD;aomolwdkY \ pum;udk
em;axmifMuavmh/ xdkrQrutcsif;wa,mufatmuf wa,muf ESdrfhcsvsufae
ESdrfhcsjcif;wefqmudk qifMuavmh/t
aMumif;rlum;axmifvTm;apmfum;aomolwdkYudkbk&m;ocifqD;wm; awmfrl\/
pdwfESdrfhcsaomolwdkYtm;; aus;Zl; jyKawmfrl\/

oefY&Sif;ajzmifhrwfESdrfhcsol
ukd;uG,fjcif;udk OD;aqmifolonftusihfpm&dwxif&Sm;aumif;rGefoltjypf
wifcGifhuif;vGwfvsufajzmifhrwfaomtoufwm&dSoljzpf&rnf/ bk&m; ocif\ESdrfhcsaom
tapcHjzpfonfESifhtrQ ol\ tjyKtrlrsm;onfbk&m;
ociftm; tmkHpdkufap&ef jzpf rdrdudk,fudkxif&Sm;ausmfMum;&efBudK;pm; aomol
rjzpf&ay/
1ay 5;6 xdkYaMumifh umv tcsdefwefvQif bk&m;ocifonf oif wdkYudk
csD;ajrmufawmfrlrnf taMumif; wefcdk;BuD;aomvufawmf atmuf udk,fudkudk,f
ESdrfhcsMuavmh/

tyfESHjcif; ESifh opm&dSaomol

xdkolonf bk&m;ocifay;aom0efwmudk NyD;jynfhpHk&ef tcsdefusonfh
txdopm&dSaomoljzpf&rnf/
1aum 4;2

xdkrSwyg; b@mpdk;rnfonfum; opm&Sd&rnf/

wl&d,mwD;cwfolrsm;

uRrf;usifaom*Dwynm&Sifrsm;tjzpfaG;cs,fcH&jcif;
ukd;uG,fjcif;tzJGUwGif wdusaomwl&d,mukdwD;cwf&efbk&m;ocifac:jcif;
cH&aomolwkdYonf tNrJwapxkdwl&d,mukdwD;cwf&mobm0xufvGefuJ
aomtpGrf;ukday;tyfjcif;cH&onf/xkdt&monfao;i,faomt&mr[kwfay/rnfokdYyifjzpf
apumrlrdrd\ac:jcif;ESifhxkdufwefaomoltjzpfvkdtyf aomuRrf;usifrItwGuf
oifMum;jcif;ESifhavhusifhjcif;tm; opm&SdpGm cH,l BudK;pm;&efrSm rdrd\0efwmyif jzpfonf/
1&mcsKyf 25;6-7

xdkom;taygif;wdkYonf tmoyf ? a,'kokef

127

a[rmefwdkYudk &Sifbk&ifpD&ifonfhtwdkif; tba[rmef wynfh jzpf

xm0&bk &m;t&Sif bk&m;ocif\ tdrf awmfcGufuGif;? apmif;? oa,mudk wD;vsuf
oDcsif;qdk trIawmfudkaqmifGuf&Mu\/xdkol wdkYESifhwuG
xm0&bk&m;\oDcsif;udkoif avhusufaom nDtpfudk
aygif;um;ESpf&m&Spfusdyf&Spfa,mufwnf;/

wl&d,mrsm;
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifhukd;uG,fjcif;wGif wl&d,mokH;rsdK;pvkH; ( BudK;wyf? avrIwf?
tokH;jyKonf/

kdufcwf ) tm;

qmvH 150;3-5 wHydk;rI wfvsufbk&m;ocifudk csD;rGrf;Muavmh/ oa,mESihf

apmif;udkwD;vsuf csDrGrf;Muavmh/ ywfomwD;vsuf u
ckefvsufESifhcsD;rGrf;Muavmh/BudK;ESifhjynfhpHkaomwl&d,mudk wD;vsuf ?
ESJc&mudkrIwfvsufcsD;rGrf;Muavmh/toHus,faomoHvGifudkwD;vsuf
csD;rGrf;Muavmh/tBuD;qHk;aomvif;uGif;udkvnf;wD;vsufcsD;rGrf;Mu avmhh/
"ra[mif;usrf;xJwGifrSwfwrf;wifxm;cJhaom csD;rGrf; ukd;uG,fjcif;yif
vQifbk&m;ocifonf wwfuRrf;rI? wl&d,mESifh ae&mu kdjyifqifay;vm onf ESifhtrQ
wl&d,mtopfrsm;ukd csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh ukd;uG,f 0wfjyKjcif;\ tjrif
ESifht&nftaoG;rsm;wGifxyfjznfhqGwfvmcJhonfukdawGU&onf/
OD;aqmifolonf cef;rtus,ft0ef;ESifh wl&d,mtrsdK;tpm;wkdY\ tcsdK; ukd qifjcif
vufawGUusus wl&d,mrsm;ukd vkdoavmufxyfaG;cs,f jznfhpGufEkdifonf/

wvkH;w0wnf;jzpfjcif;?nDTwfjcif;? toHtus,f
wl&d,mwD;cwfolonf OD;aqmifol\ TefMum;csuftwGuf Ekd;Mum;vsuf tuif;yg;&rnf/
wvHk;w0wnf;jzpfjcif;? nDnmjcif;? tjcm;aomwl&d,m rsm; ESifh rQwjcif;wdkYtwGuf
rsm;pGmaomavhusifhjcif;vdktyfonf/wl&d,m
rsm;onfrdrdwdkYtoHtay:ykdtmkHa&mufap&efodkYr[kwfudk;uG,folwdkY\
toHudkepfjrKyfoGm;ap&ef rjyKbJ rdrdwdkY\ toHonf pmom;rsm;tm;
taxmuftuljzpfap&rnf/

0dnmOfawmfudk tuif;yg;jcif;
wl&d,mwD;cwfolrsm;onf ]]uRrf;usifaom*Dwynm&Sifrsm;}} uJhodkYaom
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\ vIyf&Sm;rIudk tuif;yg;&rnf/ xdkodkYjyKjcif;
tm;jzifh olwdkYonfcsD;rGr;f udk;uG,f0wfjyKaepOf bk&m;ocif\ bdodwfrS wqifh
0dnmOfawmf\ xif&Sm;aomvkyfaqmifrI jzpfvmapayvdrfhrnf/
wl&d,mwD;cwfolrsm;onf wpfoHwnf;pD;qif;&eftwGuf toH\ wvHk;
w0wnf;jzpfjcif;ESihf nDGwfrQwjcif;&dS&ef tuif;yg;&rnf/
2&mcsKyf 34;12 vkyf aqmifaomol wdkYonf op mapmifhMu\/ av0dtrsdK;
ar&m&dtET,f ,m[wfESifh MoA'd?aum[wftET,f Zmc&dESifh arIvHtp&Sdaom
wl&d,mrsdK;udkwD;rIwfvsuf oDcsif; qdk wwfaom av0dom;taygif;wdkYonf
MunfhIEdk;aqmfMu\/

128

0wfjyKudk;uG,faomvlrsm;
csD;rGrf;udk;uG,f0wfjyKjcif; tjynfht0yg0if&jcif;rSm ,HkMunfolwdkif;\
txl;tcGifhta&;ESifh wm0efjzpfonf/
a[NAJ 2;12 odwif;awmfudk tuREkfyfnDtpfudkwdkYtm; tuREkfyf Mum;ajymygrnf/
y&dwfowftv,frSm udk ,fawmfudk csD ;rG rf; oDcsif;qdkygrnf[k vmownf;/

BudKwifjyifqifjcif;
ta,mufpDwkdif;onf toif;awmfodkYr[kwf ,kHMunfoltpkta0;qDodkY a&mufcsdef
rdrdESvHk;om;udk jyifqif csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;\ pdwfxm;ESihf yg0if&efjzpfonf/

apmifharQmfjyifqifjcif;
apmifharQmfjyifqifjcif;ESifh arQmfvifhwwfaompdwfxm;onf uREfkyfwdkYtm;
csD;rGrf;udk;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;odkYqGJac:oGm;ayvdrfhrnf/

wdusaomtcsdef
tcsdefwdusjcif;onfbk&m;ociftm;uREfkyfwdkY\av;pm;jcif;ESifhcspfjcif;udk
jyoonf/uREfkyfwdkYocifbk&m;\rsufarSmufawmf&dSaernfhtcsdefwydkif;wpudkrQ
vufvGwfrcHoifhay/
xdkae&m wHcg;rsm;rS wHwdkif;rsm;? tjyifrStwGif;wHwdkif;rsm;okdY ]]0ifa&mufjcif;}}
0ifa&mufjcif;tqifhqifh&dSonfESihftrQ uREfkyfwdkY wpfvSrf;NyD;wpfvSrf; ocifbk&m;\
rsufarSmufawmfodkY a&GUvsm;&ef tcsdefr,lrjcif; ppfrSefaomudk;uG,fjcif;\ jynfh0aom
tawGYtBuHKudk rcHpm;&bJ aemufusef&pfcJhayvdrfhrnf/ uREfkyfwdkYonf ocifbk&m;tm;
tjynhf0qHk; awGYBuHKcHpm;jcif;ESifh csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;udk azmfjy&ef apmpD;
pGmvma&mufzdkYtvdkYiSm pDpOfvsufa&mufvmonfhtcg uREfkyfwdkY\0dnmOf
tm; qkawmif;qufuyfjcif;ESifh Nidrf0yfvsuf tqifoifhjzpf&ef jyifqif oifh ayonf/
rsm;pGmaomolwdkYonf csD;rGrf;ukd;uG,f0wfjyKjcif; rpwifrSD qkawmif; jcif; tcsdef\
BuD;rm;aomwefzdk;udk awGYBuHKcHpm;Mu&onf/
uREfkyfwdkYonf aw;*Dw\ yxrqHk;oHpOfrS p0rf;ajrmufjcif;ESifh jynfhpHk
aomarQmfvifhjcif;pdwfxm;&dSoifhayonf/bk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmfudk awGYBuHKcHpm;&ef
rnfhonfhtcgurQ r&dScJhzl;onfh tm;BuD;aom 0dnmOf ESifh arQmfvifhjcif; &dSaeoifhayonf/
uREfkyfwdkYonf rdrd\ 0dnmOf?pdwf?cEm tvHk;pHkudk bk&m;ociftm;oDqdk csD;rGrf;&ef
0dnmOfxJtm;xkwf&rnf/ bk&m;ocif\ rsufarSmufawmf xJ rdrdudk,fudk
epfjrKyfxm;&efyifjzpfonf/ uREfkyfwkYd bk&m;ocifudk cspfjcif; tm; rdrd\
tpGrf;?toH?cEmESifh pdwfESvHk;t<uif;rJh&dSorQESifhudk,fawmfhudk udk;uG,fjcif;tm;jzifh
azmfjyoifhonf/
qm 138;1 tdkxm0&bk&m; udk,fawmfudkpdwfESvkH;t<uif;rJhtuREkfyf csD;rGrf;ygrnf/
tjcmwyg;aombk&m;wdkYa&SUrSmudk,fa wmfudkaxmrem oDcsif;qdkygrnf/

udk;uG,fjcif;OD;aqmifolaemufokdYvkdufjcif;
uREfkyfwdkYonf bk&m;ocifcefYtyfaom csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;OD;aqmifol\
pD;qif;rIaemufodkYrvdkufbJ 0dnmOfxJ epfjrKyfaysmufqHk; raeoifhay/ uREfkyfwdkYonf
129

oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\bdodwfESifhtwlpD;qif;vIyf&Sm; &ef twGuf

tuif;yg;ae&ayrnf/

aESmuf,Sufjcif;rsm;udk arhxm;yg
oif\tawG;rsm; odkYr[kwf tjcm;olrsm;\ tjyKtrlrsm;tm;jzifh oifhtm;
taESmuft,SufrjzpfygapESifh/
oDcsif;pmtkyf odkYr[kwf ydwfum;ay:xdk;jyxm;aompmom;rsm;rSm uREfkyfwdkY twlwuG
pmom;rsm;udkod oDqdk&ef taxmuftul
rQomjzpfonf/ xdkpmom;rsm;udk odvmonfhtcgrl oifonfrvdktyf awmhaom
xdkt&mrsm;ay:odkY qufvuftmkHpdkufxm;&ef r[kwfay/
wcgw&H tjcm;t&mtm;vHk;udk vHk;0arhxm; ocifbk&m;ay: tmkHpdkufEdkif&eftwGuf
oif\rsuv
f Hk;rsm;udk rdSwfxm;jcif; odkYr[kwf rsufESmusufudkoma&SUIMunfhjcif;wdkYonf
taxmuftuljzpfEdkifygonf/ (udk;uG,fjcif;OD;aqmifolrsm; xdkokdYrvkyf&yg )

0dnmOfoDcsif;oDqkdjcif;
ukd;uG,fjcif;OD;aqmifolESifh oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\ OD;aqmifrI aemufokdY
vkdufjcif;tm;jzifh csD;rGrf;jcif;aw;*Dw\ t&SdefESifhtwl ]]tjcm;aombmompum;}}ESifh
csD;rGrf;vmonfh tcsdefrsm; ukdawGUBuHK vm&ayrnf/ xkdtcsdefwGif uREkfyfwkdY ]]0dnmOfxJ}}
oDqkdjcif;ESifhtwl aumif;uifwrefrsm; twlwuG vkdufoDqkdjcif;ukd cHpm;odjrifvm&
ayvdrfhrnf/
1aum 14;15 odkYjzpfvQif tb,fo dkYjyK&rnfenf;/ pdwfESvHk;ESifh 4if;
PfESifh4if; qkawmif;&rnf/ pdwfESvHk; ESifh4if; ?PfESifh4if; oD csif;qdk&rnf/
xdkokdYjzpfvmaomtcg?]]aumif;uifbmompum;}}\pD;qif;rIxJodkYoifh udk,foif
vGwfvyfpGm pD;arsmvkduf&ef jzpfonf/
uREfkyfwdkYonf oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\ tavhtvmudk tuif;yg;pGm odvQif
0dnmOfawmfbk&m;onfol\pum;omruoHpOfudkvnf;ay;awmf rlvdrfhrnf/

0dnmOfoDcsif;
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\ tavhtvmudk tuif;yg;pGmodwwfygap/
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\qErSm tNrJqdkovdk c&pfawmf\ udk,fcEm tm;
]]0dnmOfoDcsif;}} udkay;&efjzpfonf/ bk&m;ocifonf xdkenf;vrf; twdkif; oifhtm;jzifh
trIaqmifvdkaomtcg? xdktrIt&mudkrvkyfaqmif
rSDacgif;aqmifolrsm;xHrSvdktyfaomrnfonfhtcGifhtmPmukdrqkdawmif; cHyg/
xdktrIt&monf tjcm;aombmompum;ajymjcif;rS pwif xdkUaemuf
wGifoif\em;vnfjcif;tjzpful;ajymif;a&muf&dSoGm;vdrfhrnf/ xdkt&m onf
ya&mzufjyKcsufuJhodkYa&mufvmEdkifonf/bk&m;ocifonfpum;vHk;
rsm;ESifhoHpOfudkvnf;ay;awmfrlvdrfhrnf/topfaomcsD;rGr;f jcif;oDcsif;rsm;onfc&pfawmf\
udk,fcEmtm; xdkuJhodkYaomtcsdefrsm; ay;tyfjcif;cH& avh&dSonf/
{zuf 5;19 qmvHoDcsif;rSpaom"roDcsif;trsdK;rsdK;wdkYudktcsif;csif;
ajymqdkbwfG wf El;nGwfaom pdwfES vHk;ESifh ocif bk&m;a&SUawmf usL;{
oDcsif;qdkMuavmh/

130

aumavmoJ 3;16 c&pfawmf\ EIwfuywfw&m;onfynmtrsdK;rsdK;

ESifhoifwdkYtxJ <u,f0pG mwnfae oifwdkYonf qmvHoDcsif;rS
paom "roDcsif;trsdK;rsdK;tm;jzifh tcsif;csif;wdkYudkqHk;roGefoifjcif;
owday;jcif;udkjyKEl;nGwfaompdwfESvHk;ESifhbk&m;ocifha&SUawmf
wifhw,favsmufywfpGm oDcsif;qkdMuavmh/

oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\pum;ajymjcif;qkaus;Zl;rsm;
wcgw&H csD;rGrf;jcif;tcsdefxJwGif oDcsif;wpfyk'f\ tqHk; tjcm;aom
bmompum;tm;jzifhajymaom owif;pum;? xdkpum;udkteufjyefjcif; odkYr[kwf
ya&mzufjyKcsufwdkYudk tcGifhay;aom cPwm&yfwefYrI &dSwwfonf/
oifhudk bk&m;ocifay;aom owif;pum;udk rajymcifacgif;aqmif olrsm;xHrS
vdktyfaom rnfonhftcGifhtmPmESifh todtrSwf jyKjcif; udkrqdk cH,lyg/
xdkowif;pum;onf 0wfjyKolvx
l ktm;vHk; &Sif;vif;pGm
Mum;em;vnfEdkifonfhenf;vrf;jzifh a0iSoifhayonf/

wdwfqdwfjcif;udk tav;teufxm;yg
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh udk;uG,fjcif;tcsdefxJ&dSaom &yfwefYrIodkYr[kwfwdwfqdwf rIwdkif;onfvnf;
owif;pum;ajym&ef oifhawmfonfh tcsufjyjcif;rsdK;
vnf;r[kwfjyefay/oefU&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\tavhtvmudktuif;yg;
pGmem;vnfwwfygap/
udk,fawmfhtm; udk;uG,fjcif;xJodkY wjznf;jznf;0ifa&mufvmonfESifhtrQ
bk&m;ocif\jyif;xefaomrsufarSmufawmfaMumifhvnf; wdwfqdwfjcif; jzpfvmEdkifygonf/
xdktcsdefrsdK; pum;ajymjcif;onf bk&m;ocif jzpfap csifonfh t&mudkaESmuf,Sufaom
t&mwpfckom jzpfvmEkdifonf/
[AuKwf 2;20 xm0&bk&m;rlum; oefY&Sif;aomAdrmefawmf &Sd awmfrl\/
ajrBuD;om;taygif;wdkY a&SUawmf Nidrf0yfpGmaeMuavmh/

jyefvSefavhusifh&efar;cGef;rsm;
1. udk;uG,fjcif;OD;aqmifolrsm;\ vkyfief;ESifh usrf;pmrSajymonfh vdktyfaomt&nftcsif;rsm;udk azmfjy
2. wl&d,mwD;cwfolrsm;\ usrf;pmrS ajymaom vdktyfonfh t&nftcsif;rsm;udk azmfjyyg/
3. csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh udk;uG,fjcif; udk;uG,folvlrsm;\wm0efrSm tb,fenf;/

131

oifcef;pm (15)
udk;uG,fjcif; OD;aqmifol\trIaqmifjcif;
jyifqifjcif;
bdodwfcH&NyD; atmifjrifaom udk;uG,fjcif;tpDtpOf wpfckonf tvdk
tavsmufjzpfrvmyg/ xdkudk;uG,fjcif;tpDtpOf rprSD qkawmif;jcif;ESifh jynhfaom
jyifqifjcif;em&Daygif;rsm;pGm vdktyfonf/
az:jychJaom xl;uJonfh0wfjyKjcif;ykHpHtwkdif; aemufwBudrf 0wfjyKjcif; wGifwlnDaomykHpH
&Sd&ef rvkdtyfyg/ bk&m;ocifonf rwlnDaom t&m rsm;ukd
jzpfaponfhbk&m;jzpfonf/ukd;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;wpfckpDwkdif;twGuf qkawmif;vsuf
ocifbk&m;\ OD;aqmifjcif;ukd cH,lyg/ bk&m;ocif\
0dnmOfawmfOD;aqmifrIaemufokdYvkdufocifbk&m;\bdodwfoGef;avmif; jcif;ukd odEkdif&ef
tuif;yg;jcif;&Sdyg/
jrnfwrf; 3;22-23 xm0&bk&m;onf oem;awmfrl *kPmawmf onf
rukefaomaMumifh igwdkYonf qHk;HIjcif;odkY ra&mufbJaeMu\/
eHeufwdkif;*kPmawmftopfudkcH&Mu\/opmawmfonfBuD;jrwfyg\/
wcsdKUaom csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;tpDtpOfrsm;wGif tcsdeftm;vHk;eD;yg;onf
bk&m;ociftm;0rf;ajrmufpGm csD;rGrf;jcif;jzpfaeEdkifygonf/ tjcm;wzuf vnf;
0wfjyKjcif;onf jyif;jyaomudk;uG,fjcif;tcsdeftwGif;odkY
vQifjrefpGm0ifa&mufoGm;jcif;rsdK;vnf; &dSaeayvdrfhrnf/

oDcsif;a&G;cs,fjcif;
jzpfEdkifvQif 0wfjyKjcif;twGuf jyifqifxm;aomowif;pum;\acgif;pOf
udkodxm;&efta&;BuD;ygonf/xdkaemufa&G;cs,fxm;aomoDcsif;rsm;onf
rMumcifwGifoGefoifrnfh EIwfuywfawmfESifhtwlpD;qif;0dnmOfa&;&m
tajccHtkwfjrpfudkvkyfaqmifNyD;jzpfayvdrfhrnf/
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifhudk;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;wGiftoHk;jyKrnfhoDcsif;rsm;udkqkawmif; jcif; ESifh
a&G;cs,f&ef tcsdef,lyg/
0wfjyKudk;uG,foltm;vHk;tqifajypGmoDqdkEdkifaomoDcsif;rsm;udka&G;cs,fyg/
wcgw&H oDcsif;rsm;udk tBudrfBudrfxyfoDqdkjcif;onf udk;uG,fol\ tawG;ESifh
qErsm;udk jzpfay:apaom pmom;ESifh owif;pum;rsm; jzpfvmayvdrfhrnf/

oDcsif;rsm;udkpDpOfjcif;
oDcsif;rsm;udk aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;oDcsif;? udk,fcEmESifh oDqkdaom toHudk
omomjrifhrm;vmapaom?bk&m;ocif\bdodwfESifhvlwdkY tm; csD;rGrf;jcif;
pD;arsmoGm;apaom *kPfawmf csD;rGrf;jcif;oDcsif;? aemufqHk;wGif ,HkMunfolrsm;tm;
bk&m;ocif\ rsufarSmufawmfxJodkY
teD;qHk;a&muf&dSoGm;apaomudk;uG,fjcif;oDcsif;ponfjzif h]]0ifa&muf jcif;}}
tqifhqifhyHkpHtwdkif; pDpOfyg/
oDcsif;rsm;onf udk;uG,faomolrsm; udk;uG,jf cif;oDcsif;ESifh csD;rGrf;jcif; oDcsif;
ESpfrsdK;a&maxG;tvSnhfvSnfhjzpfapaomenf;vrf;rsdK;ESifhwGJrxm; oifhbJ
132

wnfNidrfpGmjzifhudk;uG,fjcif;tqifhwkdifatmifomomjrifhwuf oGm;aom enf;vrf;jzifh

pDpOfxm;&rnfjzpfonf/
oDcsif;rsm;tm; tkyfpkvdkufwlnDaom taMumif;t&mudk twlwuG oDqkdEkdif&ef uD;rsm;udk
*kpdkufpGma&G;cs,fyg/
oDqdkrnfh oDcsif;rsm;\ tpDtpOfESifh uD;rsm;udk azmfjyaompm&if;tm;
wl&d,mwD;cwfolrsm;ESifh ykd*sufwmoHk;vQif xdk pmom;xdk;ay;aom olwkdY tm;
ay;xm;oifhayonf/ wl&d,mwD;cwfolrsm;tm; oifonf aw;*DwoHyHk odkYr[kwf
udk;uG,fjcif;oDcsif; oHyHkpmtkyfxJwGif&dSaom pmrsufESmudkjy&ef
vkdtyfaumif;vdktyfayvdrfhrnf/ oDcsif;rsm;wpfckESifh wpfckMum;wGif
aw;*DwonftqufrjywfpD;qif;oGm;&eftwGufwl&d,m wD;cwfolrsm;tm;
uD;tajymif;tvJrsm;wGif toHk;jyKaomvufuGufrsm; udkvnf; today;&rnf/
oDcsif;topfrsm;qdk&ef jyifqifvQif ykd*sufwmwGif toHk;jyKrnfh pmom; a&;xm;aom
zvifudkjyifqif&efvnf; vdktyfrnfjzpfonf/
qmvH 33;3 a&SUawmftopfaomoDcsif;udk qdkMuavmh/ wHydk; rIwfjcif;ESifh wuG
om,mpG mwD;Muavmh/
ydk*sufwmxdk;rnfholonf toHk;jyKrnfhzvifrsm;udk oDqdkrnfh tpDtpOf tvdkuf
jyifqifxm;&efvdktyfonf/
oDcsif;rsm;onf wpfyk'frSwpfyk'f &yfem;jcif;r&dSbJ ul;ajymif;jcif;tm;jzifh
wnfNidrfaooyf0dnmOfawmf\ pD;arsmrIudkvnf; BuHKawGY&vdrfhrnf/

0dnmOfa&;&mjyifqifrI
acgif;aqmifaumif;wpfa,mufonfb,faomtcgrQ ]]at;pufjcif;}} ESifh udk;uG,f
0wfjyKjcif;odkYvmavhr&Sdyg/ tpnf;ta0; rpwifrSD
udk;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;twGuf0dnmOfawmf\azmfjyvdkaomtaMumif;t&mudkodem;vnfEdkif&ef
qkawmif;jcif;ESifhwuGoD;oefYudk,fwdkifcsD;rGrf; udk;uG,f jcif; tcsdefrsm;,l jyifqifrI
&dS&rnf/ xdkYaemuf rS olonf ]]wdusaom &nf&G,fcsuf }}
&dSonfhyxrqHk;xyfqdk&eftydk'fudk pwifEdkifvdrfhrnf/
OD;aqmifolonf udk;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;\rdepfwdkif;udk 0dnmOfawmf\pD;qif;
rIxJ&dSae&efudk,fwkdif bk&m;ociftm; ppfrSefaomcsD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif; tcsdefrsm; xJrSom
&,lEdkifonf/

tjyifyef;jyifqifrI
0wfjyKjcif;tpnf;ta0;twGuf oyf&yfpGm0wfqifyg/ oif\ tjyifyef;
tajctaeonfudk;uG,faomolrsm;\tmHkudktaESmuft,Sufrjzpfyg apESifh/
oifonfvlrsm;a&SUbk&m;ociftm;udk,fpm;jyKaeonhftcsdefwGif oif\pnf;urf;&dSjcif;?
oefY&Sif;jcif;? oyf&yfjcif; wdkYonfvnf; ta&;BuD; aomt&mrsm;jzpfonf/
u 41;14 xdktcg zma&mrif;onf vludkapvTwf a,moyf udk ac:awmf rl\/
a,moyfonf axmifxJ u tvsiftjrefxGuf& rkwfqdwfnyfjcif;?
t0wfvJjcif;udk jyKNyD;rS txHawmfodkY 0if&\/

udk;uG,fjcif;tzGJY? oDcsif;onf? wD;cwfolrsm;udkOD;aqmifjcif;

udk;uG,fjcif;tzJGYtwGuftzJGY0ifta,mufpDwdkif;udkaocsmpGmqkawmif; a&G;cs,fyg/
0dnmOfa&;&memcHrIESifh if;wdkYjzpfvmEdkifonfh jypfrSm;rIESifh pm&dwjyem&dSorQtm;
arwmjzifhodkYaomfwdusjywfom;rIjzifhajymMum; &Sif;vif;xm;&rnf/
0dnmOfa&;&mOD;aqmifrI\jrifhrm;aom tqifhwpfckudk ykHoufaojy cGeftm;ay;vsuf
wpfa,mufpDwdkif;\wwfuRrf;rIrsm;udk ysdK;axmifyg/ xl;jcm;aumif;rGefjcif;twGuf
jrifhrm;aompHcsdefudk owfrSwfta,muf pDwdkif;tm; if;wdkY\yg0ifonfh
u@rsm;twGuf vdkvm;auseyfaMumif; jyyg/ opm&dSjcif;? 0efcHtyfESHjcif;ESifh
wvHk;w0wnf;jzpfjcif;0dnmOf vdktyfonf/
udk;uG,fjcif;tzGJYonf udk;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;rwdkifrSD twlwuGqkawmif; &rnf/

vufawGYTefMum;csufrsm;
bk&m;ocif\bkef;udk xif&Sm;apjcif;
vltrsm;oifhudk tmkHpdkufvmap&ef rvkyfygESifh/ udk;uG,f0wfjyK&ef vmaom
,HkMunfolrsm;onf a,Itm;jrifawGYzdkYESifh udk,fawmfESifh crnf;awmfudk
udk;uG,f&efomvmjcif;jzpfonf/
rJ 17;8 olwdkYonfMunfharQmfojzifha,Iwa,mufwnf;rSwyg;
tb,foludk rQrjrifMu/

tuif;yg;rI&dSyg
OD;aqmifolonf udk;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;tcsdeftwGif;jzpfysufaeaom t&mrsm;tay:
tuif;yg;rI&dS&rnf/

bk&m;ocifESifh oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\ OD;aqmifjcif;

tpDtpOf yg0ifaomacgif;aqmifi,frsm;\ tajctae
wl&d,mwD;cwfolrsm;
toif;vlBuD;rsm;\ OD;aqmifrIESihf ynm&dSjcif;
udk;uG,f0wfjyKaomvlrsm;tm;vHk;

pdwfcsrI&Sdyg
oif\ac:jcif;ESifht&nftcsif;tay:wGifpdwfcsrI&dSyg/udk;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;
tpDtpOfudkOD;aqmif&eftrSefwu,focifbk&m;onfoifhtm;bdodwf
ay;cJhygvQif?ESdrfhcsjcif;jzifhbkef;BuD;jcif;tm;vHk;udkbk&m;ociftm;ay;&ef omjzpfonf/
xdktcg bk&m;ocifonfoifhtm;xll;uJpGmvkyfaqmifEdkif&ef t&nftcsif;udk
ay;ayvdrfhrnf/
zd 4;13 igh udk cGeftm;ES ifh jynfhpHkapawmfrlaom c&pfawmftm;jzifh
cyfodrf;aomtrIwdkYudk igwwfpGrf;Edkif\/

vlwdkYtm;OD;aqmifac:,lyg
vlwdkYtm; if;wdkY&dSaeonfh ae&mrS bk&m;ocif\ rsufarSmufawmfxJodkY
OD;aqmifac:,loGm;&rnf/ oif&dSaeonfhae&mrSvlwdkYtm;OD;aqmif&rnf r[kwfbJ
if;wdkY&dSaeonfh ae&mrS udk,fcEmwpfckwnf;tjzpf0dnmOfxJ aygif;pnf;jcif;odkY
vdrmyg;eyfpGm OD;aqmifoGm;&rnf/
udk;uG,f0wfjyKolrsm;ESifh tjrefqHk;aygif;pnf;rI&&ef enf;vrf;&SmazGyg/
oif\OD;aqmifrIvlrsm;\,HkMunfrIudkwnfaqmuf&efESifhcsD;rGrf;jcif;xJodkY
if;wdkYtvsiftjrefa&muf&dSoGm;ap&ef vkyfaqmif&rnf/
vlrsm;udk cEmudk,fwpfckwnf;tjzpf bk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmf cHpm;&ap&ef
arQmfvifhjyifqifjcif;ESifh aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;jzihf ]]wHcg;rsm;}} twGif;odkY 0ifa&muf&ef
wdusaocsmaom oDcsif;rsm; ESifh
0dnmOfa&;&m enf;pepfrsm; &dSaeygonf/ udk;uG,fjcif;OD;aqmifol onf
bk&m;ocif\bdodwfudk if;tm;bk&m;ocif ay;xm;aomuRrf;usifrI\
tpdwftydkif;wpfcktjzpfxdkt&nftcsif;rsm;udkwdk;wufatmifjyKpkysdK; axmif&rnf/

tu,folwdkYr0ifa&mufcJhygvQif
ocifbk&m;\ rsufarSmufawmftwGif;okdY vlrsm;onf cEmudk,f wpfckwnf;taejzihf
a&GUvsm;jcif;ESifh wvHk;w0wnf;tjzpf ]]0ifa&muf aeonf}} udk
tvsiftjrefowdjyKrd&rnf/ tu,fr[kwfygu? if;udk t[efYtwm;jzpfapaom
rnfonfh t&mudkrqdk tb,fuJhodkY ausmfvTm;
Edkif&efESifh a&SUodkYvsifjrefpGm qufvufa&GUvsm;Edkif&ef bk&m;ocifxHrS OmPfynmudk
awmif;cH&rnf/
bk&m;ocif\rsufarSmufawmfxJodkY0ifa&muf&mwGif tjypfpD&ifjcif; rjyKrdap&ef
owdjyKif;wkdYudk vIHaqmfyg/ rnfuJhodkY0ifa&muf&rnfudk if;wdkYtm; arwmESifh
oGefoifyg/ 0dnmOfawmf\ pD;qif;rIudk t[efY twm; jzpfapEdkifaom
rnfonhf0dnmOfudkrqkd csnfaESmif&rnf/ vkdtyfvQif tjcm;oDcsif;wpfyk'fajymif; qkdyg/

r0ifa&mufaomolrsm;
uREkfyfwkdYonf tcsdKUaomolrsm; csD;rGrf;ukd;uG,fjcif;xJokdY twlwuG
ryg0ifEkdifonfhtaMumif;&if;ukdowdjyKrd&efvkdtyfonf/ wcsdKUrSm
r,kHMunfolrsm;jzpfaeEkdifonf/ wcsdKUrSm bk&m;ociftm; emcHjcif; uif;rJhonfh
ykefuefjcif;toufwmxJwGit
f ouf&Sifaeaom ,kHMunfol rsm;jzpfaeEkdifonf/
usefaomolrsm;rSmvnf; &efol\jypfwifpGyfpGJjcif; atmuf&Sdaeaomol okdYr[kwf
udprsm;pGm\0efxkyfrsm;atmufwGif a&mufaeaomolrsm; jzpfaeEkdifayonf/
wcsdKUaomolrsm;rSm rnfodkY wkd;0if&rnfukd rodaomolrsm;vnf;jzpfaeEkdifygonf/
oifonfudk;uG,fjcif;udk OD;aqmifolwpfa,muftaeESihf yg0ifudk;uG,f
jcif;r&dSaomolrsm;aMumifh rdrdudk,fudk pdwftaESmihft,Suf tjzpfrcH&yg/
vlrsm;tm;vHk;onf pdwfESvHk;wvHk;w0wnf; yg0ifudk;uG,fvmjcif;onf
tvGefyif0rf;ajrmuf tm;&zG,faumif;ayonf/ rnfodkYyifjzpfapumrl wcgw&HwGif
yg0ifudk;uG,fjcif;r&dSaomolrsm;udktmHkjyKraebJtwlwuG
udk;uG,faeaom,HkMunfolrsm;tay:omtjynhft0tmHkxm;&ayrnf/
wcgw&HwGifyg0ifjcif;r&dSaom xkdolrsm;tm;oD;oefY wpfOD;csif; tcsdef,l vsuf

wjznf;jznf; oGefoifjcif;wkdufwGef; cif;tm;jzifhomBuD;rm;aom yg0ifrItqifhodkY

qGJac:&ayrnf/

rsufvHk;rsm;zGifhxm;yg
oifrsufvHk;rsm;ydwfxm;vQif udk;uG,fjcif;xJodkY oifOD;aqmif aeaom
vlrsm;tm;vnf;ydwfxm;jcif;jzpfayonf/ OD;aqmifaomolonf csD;rGrf;
0wfjyKjcif;tcsdeftwGif; vlrsm;a&muf&dSaeaom 0dnmOfa&;&mtajctae ESifh
rnfonfht&mrsm;jzpfaeonfudk *kxm;&ayrnf/ OD;aqmifaom
olonfolodkYr[kwfolrOD;aqmifaeaomolrsm;ESihfqufoG,frIysufoGm; avmufonftxd
]]0dnmOfxJepfjrKyf aysmufqHk;aeaomol}}rjzpf&ay/ OD;aqmifaomolonf xdkuJhodkY
0dnmOfxJ epfjrKyf&rnfh tcsdefrSm rdrd\ udk,fydkifudk;uG,faomtcsdef odkYr[kwf
tjcm;olwpfa,mufa,mufOD; aqmifaeaom tcsdefjzpfonf/
vlrsm;tm;tMunhfjcif;qufoG,fOD;aqmifvsufcGeftm;ay;yg/ udk;uG,f
jcif;udkOD;aqmifolwpfa,muf\qkaus;Zl;wpfckrSmudk;uG,f0wfjyKolrsm;udk
avhvm*kjyKaeonfh wcsdefwnf;rSmyif ppfrSefaomudk;uG,fjcif;xJodkY
0ifa&mufjcif;jzpfonf/

w&m;ra[mygESifh
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh udk;uG,fjcif;tcsdefonf &yfwefY]]w&m;a[m&ef}} tcsdef r[kwfyg/
tenf;i,faom wdkufwGef;vIHUaqmfjcif;rsm;onf vlrsm;tm; csD;rGrf;jcif;\
jrihfrm;aomtqifhodkYqGJac:&eftaxmuftuljzpfayonf/
udk;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;\ pD;qif;rIudk rzsufqD;ygESifh? wenf;tm;jzifhwefzdk;&dS
aomtcsdefudkcsD;rGrf;jcif;ESifhudk;uG,fjcif;xJpD;qif;aeaomoefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\
t&dSefudk taxmuftul rjzpfonfhpum;rsm;ajymtvGJ roHk;ygESifh/

trSm;rsm;udkajz&Sif;jcif;
uREfkyfwdkYtm;vHk;onf ]]oif,laeolrsm;}} jzpftrSm;jyKrdjcif;onfvnf;
oif,lonfht&mrsm;xJrS tpdwftydkif;wpfckjzpfaMumif;udk owd&yg/ oifhudk,foif
jypfwifpGyfpGJjcif;atmufwGif r&dSygapESifh/ oifonf bk&m; ocif\ vrf;rSvGJoGm;vQif
vlrsm;tm;kd;om;pGm0efcH bk&m;ocif OD;aqmifaeaom vrf;TefrIxJqufoGm;yg/
wcgw&H 0wfjyKjcif;NyD;oGm;csdef bk&m;ocifESihf wpfOD;csif;tcsdef,l xdkt&mudk
ajymjyyg/ udk,fawmftm; oifrnfonfhae&mwGif usqHk;onf [kcHpm;&aMumif;ajymjyyg/
aemufwBudrfxdkuJhokdY tajctaersdK;xyf BuHKvmcJhvQif
uRrf;usifpGmudkifwG,fajz&Sif;Ekdifaom OmPfynmudk awmif;cHyg/
ta&;tBuD;qHk;rSm ocifbk&m;tm; oifhudkpum;ajym oifrSefuefpGm
vkyfqmifcJhaomt&mrsm;tm;jzifh cGeftm;ay;&ef tcGifhay;yg/ oifhtm; 0dnmOfawmf\
enf;vrf;rsm;xJ ocifbk&m;onf arwmESifhTefjyygap/ &efolxHrS
jypfwifpGyfpGJjcif;tm;vHk;udk jiif;y,fonfh wcsdefxJrSmyif udk,fawmf\
vrf;TefrIudkvufcHyg/
a&m 8;1
bk&m;ocif u,fvTwfawmfrlaomaMumifh a,Ic&pf wnf
Zmwdyuwdtwdkif; rusifh ?0dnmOfyuwdtwdkif;usifhaomol wdkYonf
tjypfpD&ifjcif;ESifhvGwfMu\/

vdktyfvQifoif;tkyfq&modYrk [kwftrIaqmifvlBuD;rsm;\ESpfodrfht BuHay;rIudk

&SmazGawmif;cHyg/

ukd;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;tpDtpOf
vlrsm;tm;vIHYaqmfyg
vlrsm;ukdbk&m;ociftm; csD;rGrf;oDqk&d ef wkdufwGef;vIHYaqmfoifhayonf/
olwkdYonf xkH;pHaMumifh okdYr[kwf rdrdpdwfTifvef;rIoufouf twGuf
oDqdjcif;rjyKoifhay/ xkdolwkdYonf ocifbk&m;ukdom csD;rGrf;oDqkdvsuf
ppfrSefaomukd;uG,fjcif;tm;jzifh ukd,fawmf\rsufarSmufawmfxJokdY vkH;0
0ifa&mufoGm;&rnfjzpfonf/

aus;Zl;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;ESifhtpjyKyg
uREkfyfwkdYonf bk&m;ocif\*kPfawmfukd tjynfht0 rcsD;rGrf;EkdifrSD
*kPfawmfcsD;rGrf;&mae&mokdY OD;pGm0ifa&muf&rnfjzpfonf/
qm 100;4 aus;Zl;awmfBuD;ygonf[k 0efcHvsuf wHcg;awmfwdkYudk 4if;?
*kPfawmfudk csD;rGrf;vsuf wefwdkif;awmfwdkYudk4if; 0ifMuavmh/
aus;Zl;awmfudkcsD;rGrf;emrawmfudk aumif;BuD;ay;Muavmh/

*kPfawmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;xJokdYqufwkd;0ifyg
csD;rGrf;ukd;uG,f&mtcsdeftwGif; tcsdeftrsm;pkonf wHwkdif;rsm;twGif; xJwGifomtokH;jyK
ukefqkH;avh&Sdonf/ xdkae&monfyif ta,mufpDwdkif; rdrdwdkY\ udk,fcEmESifh
toHtm;jzihfbk&m;ociftm; udkf,fawmf\ tHhMo
zG,f&maumif;BuD;r*Fvmrsm;tm;vHk;twGuf ppfrSefaom csD;rGrf;jcif;udk
jyK&rnfhae&mjzpfonf/

udk;uG,fjcif;xJodkYqufpD;0ifyg
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\ tcsdefudk tuif;yg;pGm bk&m;ocif\
bk&m;jzpfawmfrljcif;twGuf ppfrSefaom eufeJonfh tuRrf;0if&m
udk;uG,fjcif;xJodkYvlrsm;tm; qGJac:yg/

bdodwfjcif;ESihftwloGm;yg
oifonfjyifqifrItwGuf tcsdefrsm;pGm,lcJhNyD;aomfvnf;oifh\tpDtpOf
rsm;udkvkdtyfvQifjiif;y,f&efqExm;&dSyg/oifonfoDcsif;wcsdKUtwGuf
tcsdefydkMum&SnfpGm,laepOf tcsdKUaom oDcsif;rsm; udkcsefxm;aumif;
csefxm;cJh&ayvdrfhrnf/
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\ tm;BuD;aombdodwfppD;qif;vmaom tcgwGif
oDcsif;aemufwyk'fodkY tvsifpvdk tajymif;ygESifh/ xdkae&m
yifbdodwfomtm;BuD;vmonfESifh trQ tcsde,
f lyg/ 0dnmOfawmf onf vlpktm;vHk;udk
omjrifhaomcsD;rGrf;jcif;xJodkY ac:oGif;jcif; odkYr[kwf
udk;uG,fjcif;xJudk,fawmf\rsufarSmufawmfodkY omeD;pyf onftxdqGJac:aom
vkyfaqmifrIrjynhfpHkrjcif; xdkoDcsif;udk xyf xyfoDqdkyg/

toHqkaus;Zl;rsm;
udk;uG,faeaomolrsm;tMum; oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\ toHqk aus;Zl;rsm;jzifh
vGwfvyfpGmtvdktavsmufpD;qif;vIyf&Sm;Ekdif&ef tm;ay; vIHaqmfyg/ wcgw&H
tcsdKUaomae&mrsm; acw&yfem;vsuf bk&m; ocifonfrdrdvlrsm;tm;
tjcm;aombmompum;ajymjcif;ESifh teuf jyefjcif; odkYr[kwf
ya&mzufjyKjcif;rsm;tm;jzifh pum;ajym&ef tcGifh ay; &aom tcsdef&dSayvdrfhrnf/
1aum 12;7-10 aumif;aomtusdK;tvdkYiSgom 0dnmOfawmfudk vltoD;toD;
wdkYtm; xif&Sm;pGmay;awmfrlvsuf&Sd\/tb,fodkY enf;[lrlum; 0dnmOfawmftm;jzifh
wpfa,mufaomoltm; ynm w&m;udk ay;awmfrl\/ xdk0dnmOfawmftm;jzifh
wpfa,muf aomol tm;xdk;xGif;jcif;w&m;udkay;awmfrl\/ xdk0dnmOfawmftm;
jzifh wpf a,muf aomoltm;,HkMunfjcif;udkay;awmfrl\/xdk0dnmOfawmftm;
jzifhwpfa,mufaomoltm; tema&m*gudk Nidrf; apEdkifaomtcGifhudk ay;awmfrl\/
wpfa,m uf aomoltm; wefcdk;udkjyEdkifaomtcGifhudk
4if;?wpfa,mufaomoltm;ya&mzufj yKEdkifaomtcGifhudk4if;?wpf
a,mufaomoltm;pdwf0dnmOfwdkYudkydkif;jcm;odEdkifaomtcGifhudk
4if;?wpfa,mufaomoltm;trsdK;rsdK;aombmompum;udkajymEdkif aomtcGifhudk4if;?
wpfa,mufaomoltm; xdkbmompum;\ teufudk az:jyEdkifaomtcGifhudk4if;
ay;awmfrl \/
wpHkwa,muf wdkufwGef;vIhHaqmfaompum;wpfcGef;? usrf;ykd'fwpfck odkYr[kwf
0dnmOfoDcsif;wpfyk'&f dSaeEdkifayonf/
qm 40;3 xdkodkYigwdkY bk&m;ocifudkcsD;rGrf;&m oDcsif;udkig>rufqdk apjcif;iSg
tcGifhay;awmfrl\/ vlrsm;wdkYonfodjrifaMumufGHUaom pdwfESifh xm0&bk&m;udk
udk;pm;Muvdrfhrnf/
udk;uG,fjcif;OD;aqmifolonf udk;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;tay: 0dnmOf a&;&m tcGifhtmPmudk
tcsdefjynfh &dSaeap&rnf/ BuD;rm;aom vlpkvla0;rsm; xdkt&monf wpHkwa,mufrS
owif;pum;udk rajymrSD todtrSwfjyK&ef twGuf rdrdvufudk ajrmufaomfvnf;
aumif; odkYr[kwftoif;vlBuD;
wa,mufxHvmaomfvnf;aumif;tcGifhawmif;cH&efjzpfapayvdrfhrnf/
owif;pum;onfvnf; vlrsm;tm;vkH;Mum;Edkifap&ef vkHavmufaom toH okdYr[kwf
toHcsJUpufukdtoHk;jyK ajymap&rnf/

enf;vrf;usjcif;
trIt&mtm;vHk;onfaocsmaomoGefoifrIjzifhenf;vrf;wusvkyfaqmif
NyD;pD;oifhayonf/ EIwu
f ywfawmfESifh ywfowfaomzGifhjycsufwdkif;onf
enf;vrf;rSefpGmawmfavsmfaomtaMumif;&dSvQufvkyfaqmifrIwdkif;onfvnf;
pkkH;vmoltm;vHk;twGuf enf;vrf;wus jzpfapoifhayonf/
1aum 14;26 nDtpfudkwdkY tb,fodkYenf;/ oifwdkYpnf;a0;Muaom tcg
qmvHoDcsif;udk &aomol?qHk;rMo0g'pum;udk &aomoltjcm;
aombmompum;udk&aomolAsm'dwfawmfudk&aomol?teufaz:jy &m
udk&aomol?toD;toD;&SdMuonfjzpfcyfodrf;aomtrIwdkYudk
wnfaqmufjcif;tvdkiSg pD &ifMuavmh /

IyfaxG;rIudk a&SmifMuOfyg
bk&m;ocifonf IyfaxG;rIudkjzpfapolr[kwfyg/
1aum 14;33
bk&m;ocifonfkef ;&if;cwfaomtrIudkjyKpkawmf rrl/
oefY&Sif;olwdkY\ toif;awmftaygif;wdkY jzpfouJhodkY toifh
twifhNiddrf0yfjcif;udkjyKpkawmfrl\/
ukd;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;onf pwifIyfaxG;rIjzpfvmvQif wm0ef,l IyfaxG;rIxJrS
jyef&Sif;vif;ap&ef OD;aqmifyg/ vkdtyfvQif acw&yf jzpfysufaeonfh tajctaeudk
jrifom&ef&Sif;jyyg/ xdktcsdefrsm;udk 0dnmOfawmfxJrSefuefaom
enf;vrf;ESihfaGUvsm;wwf&ef oGefoifjcif; twGuftokH;jyKyg/

aESmuf,SufrIESifh Mum;jzwfrIrsm;udk a&SmifMuOfyg

xdktcsdefwGifoefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\vIyf&Sm;pD;qif;rIudk aESmuf,SufrI &dScJhvQif
OD;aqmifolonf ykdif;jcm;em;vnf&efESifh xdkpD;qif;rIukd ydk rjywfapbJ
tajctaeudkxdef;odrf;Ekdif&ef vHkavmufaom &ifhusufrI &dS&rnf/
qkawmif;vsuf ]] 0dnmOfrsm;twGif;ajyNidr;f jcif;}} 0dnmOfqkaus;Zl;udk toHk;jyKyg/
bk&m;ocif\tcsdefudk tuif;yg;jcif;&dS&ef em;vnfyg/ xdkaESmuf,SufrIonfyifvQif
bk&m;ocif\ tcsdefudkufrpaom vSyonfh oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\
toHqkaus;Zl;wpfck odkYr[kwf 0dnmOfoDcsif;wpfyk'fjzpfaeEkdifayonf/
udk;uG,fjcif;udk OD;aqmifolonf ,HkMunfjcif;? &J&ifhjcif;? xl;jcm;aom t&nftcsif;&dSjcif;?
ynm&dSjcif;? aus;Zl;awmf ESifh uRrf;usifpGm? nifom pGmESifh arwmjzihf oefY&Sif;aom
0dnmOfawmfpD;qif;jcif;\bdodwfjcif; xJodkY udk;uG,f0wfjyKjcif;tm;
jyefvnfOD;aqmifoGm;&rnf/

0dnmOfawmf\ wvHk;w0jzpfjcif;
uRrf;usifvdrmaom udk;uG,fjcif;OD;aqmifolonf rdrdESihf ukd;uG,f0wfjyK olrsm; odkYr[kwf
wpfa,mufjcif;pDwkdif;? toif;awmf ESifh oefY&Sif;aom 0dnmOfawmfwdkYMum;wGif
wvHk;w0wnf;jzpfjcif;udk jyKpkwwfoljzpfonf/ 0dnmOfawmf\
wvHk;w0wnf;jzpfjcif;omomtm;BuD;vmaomtcg wGif
ppfrSefaomudk;uG,fjcif;onf omomBuD;rm;aom twdkif;
twmESifhbk&m;ocifxHodkYpwifpD;qif;oGm;ayvdrfhrnf/

tcsdef
udk;uG,fjci;fOD;aqmifolonfoif;tkyfq&mESihftoif;vlBuD;rsm;owfrSwf ay;xm;aom
tcsdeftwGif;wGif vkyfaqmif&efowdrjywf&dS&rnf/tu,f
0dnmOfawmfvIyf&Sm;rIonfcsD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;tcsdeftm;qufvufjyK
vkyf&efOD;aqmifcJhygvQif?qufvufrjyKvkyfrSD oif\0dnmOfESifh tcGifhtm
Pmtm;qufvuf tcGifhay;&ef tpnf;ta0;\ 0dnmOfa&;&macgif;
aqmifolrsm;jzpfaom oif;tkyfq&m odkYr[kwf toif;vlBuD; wpfOD;OD; xHrS
tcsufjyjcif;jzihf twnfjyKrI &,lyg/

ed*kH;csKyfjcif;
csD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh udk;uG,fjcif; tpDtpOf\ tqHk;wGif bk&m;ocif\ rsufarSmufawmfxJ
ukd;uG,faomolwa,mufpDwdkif;udk nifompGm csefxm;jcif;tm;jzihf
oefY&Sif;aom0dnmOfawmf\ tavhtvmudk tuif;yg;em;vnfyg/

ukd;uG,f0wfjyKolrsm;tm; uRrf;usifvdrmpGm aus;Zl;;awmfcsD;rGrf;jcif;ESifh

wHcg;wdkYudkjzwfap BuD;rm;aom wHwdkif; awmftwGif;csD;rGrf;jcif;\ tawGYtBuHKrS
tHhMozG,f&mESifh t&if;ESD;qHk; bk&m;ocif\ rsufarSmufawmfxJodkY ppfrSefaom ESvHk;om;rS
udk;uG,f jcif;jzihf nifompGmac:aqmifvQuf udk,fawmf\ &ifcGifawmfxJokYd if;wdkYudk
oifonfta&mufOD;aqmifEdkifayvdrfhrnf/
xdkxl;jcm;aomtcsdeftwGif;,HkMunfolta,mufpDwdkif;\ touf wmESifh
0dnmOfrsm;wGifjzpfaeaomt&mrsm;tm; raESmuf,Sufrdap&ef *kpdkufvsuf?
udk;uG,fjcif;\ tqHk;odkYa&mufvmonfESifhtrQwpfa,muf pDwdkif;onf
udk,fawmfhrsufarSmufawmf\ bkef;awmfxJwGif wdwfqdwfpGm tcsdef,lygap/
oifhtcef;u@NyD;qHk;oGm;onfh tcgwGif oifonfuRrf;usifvdrmpGm ,HkMunfolwdkYtm;
bk&m;ocifudk,fawmfwdkifauseyfaom csD;rGrf;udk;uG,f jcif;tppftrSef\
ajymjyr&Edkifonfh tawGYtBuHKtwGif;odkY OD;aqmif oGm;vsuf vlwdkY\
toufwmrsm;onf xdkudk;uG,f0wfjyKjci;fxJ
ajymif;vJjcif;cHcJh&aMumif;oifod&ayvdrfhrnf/

jyefvSefavhusifh&efar;cGef;rsm;
1. csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;rpwifrSD uRrf;usifaom udk;uG,fjcif;OD;aqmifoljyKvkyfoifhonfh jyifqifrItcsdKUudk azmfjyyg/
2. udk;uG,fjcif;OD;aqmifolwpfa,mufonf csD;rGrf;udk;uG,fjcif;\ BuD;rm;aomtjrifrsm;xJ vlrsm;tm;
rnfodkYydkrdkxda&mufpGm OD;aqmifomG ;EdkifaMumif;Oyrmwpfck azmfjyyg/
3. csD;rGrf;udk;uG,faepOftwGif; ]] bdodwfjcif;ESifhtwloGm;jcif;}} \qdkvdk&if;udk&Sif;jyyg/