Introduction

Paddy in its raw form cannot be consumed by human beings. It needs to be suitably processed for obtaining rice. Rice milling is the process which helps in removal of hulls and barns from paddy grains to produce polished rice. Rice forms the basic primary processed product obtained from paddy and this is further processed for obtaining various secondary and tertiary products. Grain enters the indent cylinder at the feed

inlet situated at the high end of the sloping cylinder. The undersize grain is captured by grain is dislodged by gravity and is collected in a flared trough screw conveyor and discharged.

the indents and is carried up as the cylinder revolves until a point is reached where the

The full grain remains in the bottom of the cylinder and because of the inclination of the cylinder travels to a separate discharge outlet. What is the purpose of rice milling?

The basic objective of a rice milling system is to remove the husk and the bran layers to produce white rice for consumption.

White rice that is safe to eat should: 1. be sufficiently milled 2. be free of impurities such as dirt, weed seeds, and stones

'brokens'

"Total milled rice", includes the head rice, the whole grains, plus the broken grains,

3. have a low number of broken grains.(see picture on right)

BROKEN RICE

Most rice varieties have approximately: 20% rice hull 11% bran layers, and

69% starchy endosperm, or total milled rice

Grain= hull+bran+endosperm

MORDEN RICE MILLING The rice milling facility comes in various configurations, and the milling

components vary in design and performance. Configuration refers to how the components are sequenced. The flow diagram below shows a modern commercial mill whitening-polishing stage, and the grading, blending, and packaging stage. catering to the higher end market. It has three basic stages, the husking stage, the In modern rice mills, many adjustments (e.g. rubber roll clearance, separator bed inclination, feed rates) are automated for maximum efficiency and ease of

operation. The whitener-polishers are provided with gauges that sense the current load

on the motor drives which gives an indication of the operating pressure on the grain. This provides a more objective means of setting milling pressures on the grain.

Modern rice milling processes consist of:

Pre-cleaning - removing all impurities and unfilled grains from the paddy Husking - removing the husk from the paddy Husk aspiration - separating the husk from the brown rice/unhusked paddy Paddy separation - separating the unhusked paddy from the brown rice De-stoning - separating small stones from the brown rice Whitening - removing all or part of the branlayer and germ from the brown rice Polishing - improving the appearance of milled rice by removing remaining ran
particles and by polishing the exterior of the milled kernel

Sifting - separating small impurities or chips from the milled rice Length grading - separating small and large brokens from the head rice Blending - mix head rice with predetermined amount of brokens, as required by the
customer

Weighing and bagging - preparing milled rice for transport to the customer

Paddy grain after precleaning. Poor quality grain is evident from its darker color. These are immature kernels or half filled grains that are not removed in the precleaner. The presence of poor quality grain lowers the total milling recovery.

Pavizham Rice Milling

Milling is a crucial step in post-production of rice. The basic objective of a rice milling system is to remove the husk and the bran layers, and produce an edible, white rice kernel that

is sufficiently milled and free of impurities. Depending on the requirements of the customer, the rice should have a Most rice varieties are composed of roughly 20% rice hull, 11% bran layers, and 69% minimum of broken kernels.

starchy endosperm, also referred to as the total milled rice. Total milled rice contains whole grains or head rice, and brokens. The by-products in rice milling are rice hull, rice germ and bran layers, and fine brokens. A rice milling system can be a simple one or two step process, or a multi stage process.

In a one step milling process, husk and bran removal are done in one pass and milled or white rice is produced directly out of paddy. In a two step process, removing husk and product. In multistage milling, rice will undergo a number of different processing steps. removing bran are done separately, and brown rice is produced as an intermediate PAVIZHAM RICE milling systems mill the paddy in stages,

and hence are called multi-stage or multi-pass rice mills. The objective of commercial rice milling is to reduce mechanical stresses and heat buildup in the grain, thereby minimizing grain breakage and producing uniformly

polished grain. Compared to village-level systems, the configured to maximize the process of producing well-milled, whole grains. commercial milling system is a more sophisticated system

The rice milling facility comes in various configurations, and the milling components

vary in design and performance. Configuration refers to how the components are

sequenced. The flow diagram below shows a modern commercial mill catering to the stage, and the grading, blending, and packaging stage.

higher end market. It has three basic stages, the husking stage, the whitening-polishing

In PAVIZHAM rice mills, many adjustments (e.g. rubber roll

clearance, separator bed inclination, feed rates) are automated for maximum efficiency and ease of operation. The whitener-polishers are provided with gauges that sense the current load on the motor drives which gives an provides a more objective means of setting milling pressures on the grain. indication of the operating pressure on the grain. This

Paddy Pre-Cleaner

Milling section

Although harvested paddy grain may have gone through a cleaner before drying, wet paddy is difficult to clean is crucial in attaining high milling thoroughly. Cleaning paddy prior to husking and whitening

recoveries.

A simple pre-cleaner used in rice mills usually contain an screen is a scalper that lets through the grain but retains straw. The second screen retains the grains but lets through broken grains and small stones or weed seeds. The

oscillating double screen bed with an aspirator. The first

air aspirator sucks out dust and the light empty grains. Air dampers are provided and have to be adjusted to prevent the good grain from being sucked out. The diagram shows a more sophisticated design that uses a rotary drum as scalper, and a screen for separating the fines.

Rubber-Roll Husker

Husking or de-hulling is a process for removing the rice hull

from the rough rice. The rubber roll husker is by far the most important technology used today for husking rough rice.

Rough rice is fed via a hopper and supplied to the two

rubber rolls. One roller rotates clockwise, and the other action that strips off the husk while paddy drops between the rollers (see diagram). The rubber on the roles is flexible and does not crush the grain. Rice husk and broken rice

counter clockwise at a faster speed. This provides a shearing

are removed from the husked material at the winnowing section which is referred to as aspirator. In the aspirator the material is divided into a mixture of brown rice, unhusked whole grains, and rice husk. The husked material is taken out by suction of unhusked paddy grain will move the next step: the paddy separator. Paddy And Brown Rice Separator, And De-stoner

the aspirator fan. After passing through the rubber roll husker, the brown rice and

Paddy separation is as important as the rice husker and discharged together with the brown rice after husking.

whitener. As no husker is 100% efficient, some paddy will be Separators are needed to prevent paddy grain from entering

the whitening section of the mill, and to recover unhusked

grains. In larger rice mills, separators are independent from categories, namely brown rice, rough rice, and a mixture of the two. The brown rice is

the husker. The separator separates husked rice into three

collected from the outlet and will move on to de-stoning and whitening sections. The rough rice will be returned to the rubber roll husker. The mixture will be returned to the inlet of the separator

Paddy Separator

The de-stoner is an important component of the rice mill,

particularly when rice is harvested mechanically, or when lot of stones and mudball during handling, which must be

rough rice is dried on open pavements. The grain gathers a removed. The de-stoner is a simple vibrating deck and air are thrown off in one end and the brown rice in the other end. Destoner Whitening And Polishing Of Brown Rice

blower that suspends the grain from the stones. The stones

process. This generates a lot of heat in the kernel, as grain undergoes friction forces through the effects of

In compact rice mills whitening and polishing is a one step

scraping. The result is heat build up in the grain, and grain breakage and low milling recovery. To avoid breakage, the multi-pass whitening-polishing process was developed. The

objective of the multi-pass system is to minimize breakage by reducing heat buildup in and friction on the grain. Sorting Rice

Camera sencers

sorting machine

In a rice sorting machine, Rice enters the machine through the input hopper and is vibrated towards anodized aluminium chute along a tray. The rice drops off the edge of the tray onto the chute and slides down. The chute has the effect of separating the grains so they arrive at the end in a continuous stream. At the end of the chute there is a

detector head consisting of a number of cameras. An image is taken of each grain as it that is used to accept or reject the grain. A series of air jets controlled by high speed

passes the head. The image is quickly processed and compared to a reference standard poppet valves are used to blow the defective grains or contaminants out of the stream.The machine is very effective at rapidly sorting rice .The process can be used to sort lower quality and dirtier rice to remove husk and contaminating particles. Using as this type of rice has a large element of husk present and other contaminants which are highly abrasive.

the machines for increasingly dirty product has meant that greater wear has occurred

Packing Section
Separation of highly sorted rice from harvested paddy is followed by packing the finished Customers health is given main priority in Pavizham. For attaning it, the entire process of packing is carried out in hygeinic environment using high end packing technology. The workers are also gven special traning for maintaining the quality of product. product inorder to reach the customers in good condition.

Keeping in mind all these things, Pavizham Healthier Diet Pvt Ltd. has grown up in the their customers.

market as rice & rice products dealer in order to serve the quality end rice products to