Basic concepts of Time and Work 1. If X completes a work in x days, then work done by X in one day is 1/x. 2.

If work done by X in one day is 1/x, then time taken by X to complete the work is x days. 3. If If X completes a work in x days and Y completes a work in y days, then the work done by them working together in one day is 1/x + 1/y and time taken by both to complete the work together is xy/(x+y) days. 4. Number of days required to complete the given work = Total work to be done/Work done in one day. Now visualize this with help of an example. Example: Rohit completes a work in 5 days and Mohit completes same work in four days. In how many days the work is completed if both works together? Solution: First we have to find work done by both in one day. And then recipocal of that will give us number of days. So, Work done by Rohit in one day = 1/5. Work done by Mohit in one day = 1/4. Work done by both in one day = 1/5 + 1/4 9/20. Number of days the work is completed if both works together = 20/9 2.23. So, Rohit and Mohit, if working together, would complete the work in 2.23 days. TOP Concept of work done in context of Pipes Questions based on pipes are an extension of work and time concept. In these questions, work done is accounted for filling or draining some liquid out of a vessel through pipes. Points to be kept in mind while solving these questions are given below. 1. If a pipe fills or drains a vessel in x hours, then part of vessel filled or drained in one hour is 1 /x. 2. Let pipes X and Y can fill a vessel in x hours and y hours respectively. When both the pipes are opened simultaneously, part of vessel filled in one hour is 1/x + 1/y. 3. Let pipe X fill a vessel in x hours and pipe Y can drain it in y hours. When both the pipes are opened simultaneouslythen there are two cases i ). If x > y, part of vessel filled in one hour is 1/x - 1/y. ii ). If x < y, part of vessel drained in one hour is 1/y - 1/x. Now visualize this with help of an example. Example: Two pipes can fill a tank in 5 hours & 6 hours respectively. While another pipe empties the full tank in 9 hours. If all the three pipes operate simultaneously, in how much time will the tank be filled? Solution: First we have to find part of tank filled in one hour, then recipocal of this give total hours required to fill the tank. So, Part of tank filled, when all pipes operate together = 1/5 + 1/6 - 1/9 2/27 Time required to completely fill the tank = 27/2 13.5 hours. So, if all the three pipes operate simultaneously, the tank would be filled in 13.5 hours.
1. In the context of work done, we encounter negative work, generally denoted by synonyms of destruction. In case of negative work, the effective work done is difference between positive work and negative work. This is also true

for case of pipes, where negative work is denoted by synonyms of draining. 2. If men is fixed, work is proportional to time. If work is fixed, then time is inversely proportional to men. 3. If work is to be completed in less time, then more men are required. 4. If work is to be done by less men, then time required to complete the work is more. 5. When two or more men are working together, the ratio of wages is inverse of the number of days required by each of the worker.

Odd Days: We are supposed to find the day of the week on a given date. For this, we use the concept of 'odd days'. In a given period, the number of days more than the complete weeks are called odd days. Leap Year: (i). Every year divisible by 4 is a leap year, if it is not a century. (ii). Every 4th century is a leap year and no other century is a leap year. Note: A leap year has 366 days. Examples: i. ii. iii. Each of the years 1948, 2004, 1676 etc. is a leap year. Each of the years 400, 800, 1200, 1600, 2000 etc. is a leap year. None of the years 2001, 2002, 2003, 2005, 1800, 2100 is a leap year.

Ordinary Year: The year which is not a leap year is called an ordinary years. An ordinary year has 365 days. Counting of Odd Days: 1. 1 ordinary year = 365 days = (52 weeks + 1 day.) 1 ordinary year has 1 odd day. 2. 1 leap year = 366 days = (52 weeks + 2 days)

1 leap year has 2 odd days. 3. 100 years = 76 ordinary years + 24 leap years = (76 x 1 + 24 x 2) odd days = 124 odd days. = (17 weeks + days) 5 odd days.

Number of odd days in 100 years = 5. Number of odd days in 200 years = (5 x 2) Number of odd days in 300 years = (5 x 3) 3 odd days. 1 odd day. 0 odd day.

Number of odd days in 400 years = (5 x 4 + 1)

Similarly, each one of 800 years, 1200 years, 1600 years, 2000 years etc. has 0 odd days. Day of the Week Related to Odd Days: No. of days: Day: 0 Su n. 1 2 3 4 5 6

Mon Tue We . s. d.

Thur Fri Sat s. . .