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M900-M1800 BSC V300R002 System Description 200603
M900-M1800 BSC V300R002 System Description 200603
Table of Contents
Table of Contents
Chapter 1 Introduction................................................................................................................. 1 Chapter 2 Network Architecture.................................................................................................. 1 Chapter 3 System Interfaces....................................................................................................... 1 3.1 Abis interface..................................................................................................................... 1 3.2 Ater interface..................................................................................................................... 1 3.3 A-interface......................................................................................................................... 1 3.4 Interface with OMC and M2000......................................................................................... 1 3.5 Interface with External CBC.............................................................................................. 2 3.6 Pb interface....................................................................................................................... 2 Chapter 4 M900/M1800 BSC......................................................................................................... 1 4.1 Hardware Structure........................................................................................................... 1 4.2 Cabinet Layout.................................................................................................................. 4 4.3 Technical Parameters........................................................................................................ 8 4.4 Software Architecture........................................................................................................ 9 4.5 Major Features................................................................................................................ 10 4.6 Services and Functions................................................................................................... 12 4.7 Reliability......................................................................................................................... 14 Chapter 5 M900/M1800 TCSM...................................................................................................... 1 5.1 Hardware Architecture....................................................................................................... 1 5.2 Major Features.................................................................................................................. 2 5.3 Cabinet Layout.................................................................................................................. 3 5.4 Technical Parameters........................................................................................................ 5 5.4.1 System Capacity..................................................................................................... 5 5.4.2 Physical Parameters............................................................................................... 5 5.4.3 Working Environment............................................................................................. 5 5.4.4 Input voltage........................................................................................................... 5 5.4.5 Power consumption................................................................................................ 5 Chapter 6 Compatibility............................................................................................................... 1 Chapter 7 Quality.......................................................................................................................... 1 7.1 Hardware and Software.................................................................................................... 1 7.2 Document.......................................................................................................................... 1 7.3 Customer Service.............................................................................................................. 2 Appendix A Abbreviations........................................................................................................... 1
Table of Contents
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Chapter 1 Introduction
Chapter 1 Introduction
The objective of this document is to lay the foundation for understanding the Huawei M900/M1800 Base Station Controller (BSC). This chapter begins with an introduction to the Base Station Controller (BSC), Transcoder and Sub-Multiplexer (TCSM). Huawei M900/M1800 BSC fulfils the technical parameters indicated in the "PHASE 2/PHASE 2+" series of recommendations under the responsibility of the GSM Technical Committee of the European Telecommunication Standards Institute (ETSI).
Gb
A to/from MSC
BTS MS Um Abis
Abis interface Ater interface A-interface Interface with OMC Interface with external CBC Pb interface
3.3 A-interface
The A-interface connects the BSC (TCSM) with the MSC. It supports voice/data traffic, BSS management, connection control, mobility management, supplementary services, short message service, dual-tone multi-frequency signaling.
The PCU and BSC connect to the same OMC. The M900/M1800 BSC can be operated and maintained by OMC or by iManager M2000. The iManager M2000 (M2000 for short) is a centralized operation and maintenance system developed by Huawei for the mobile communication network. You can centralize the management on the mobile communication network through the M2000.
3.6 Pb interface
The Pb interface connects the PCU and the BSC. Like other BSS systems available in market, Huawei has its own Pb interface, efficiently designed and implemented. The salient feature of the interface is flexible configuration of M900/M1800 PCU. PCU can be co-located at BSC or SGSN sites, even though it serves as part of BSS. The Huawei specific Pb interface satisfies all the standard requirements of BSC-PCU interface and implements management functions between the PCU and BSC for various kinds of shared resources such as cells, packet channels, E1 trunks and system messages. In addition, the Pb interface supports dynamic channel conversion, MS access on CCCH and so on.
BM
BTS
Abisinterface
AM/CM
BIE GOPT GMEM GMC2 BNET BIE GLAP /LPN7 GNOD GMPU GFBI
CDB
GALM
TCSM
Ater-interface
GCTN GCKS
OMC-R
GSNT BAM
ext.CBC
CDB
. . .
GMCCM
GMCCS
GALM
I. AM/CM
An AM/CM cabinet consists of communication control unit, central switching unit, transmission interface unit, clock synchronization system and alarm system. The BAM and CDB are also installed in the same cabinet. In the communication control frame, the communication and control board is the main unit. This board controls different types of processing and functions in a centralized manner. Depending on the software loaded and DIP switch settings, the communication and control boards are named GMCCM and GMCCS.
Communicates with the GSNT, GCTN, GALM and BAM through HDLC links Transfers control information between the BM and TCSM units Controls the GSNT to provide software loading channels between the BM and the boards in the AM/CM
A GMCCS provides signaling transmission links between the AM/CM and BM. It controls intra-module signaling and forwards the control message between BMs, from BM to GMCCM, from BM to GCTN and from BM to the TCSM unit. For system reliability these control boards are configured with proper redundancy. The GCTN provides 16K16K switching. It receives the clock synchronization signals from the clock frame and distributes the clock to the GMCC, GALM, GSNT, BM and BAM. The GSNT supports 2K2K switching. All the communications between the AM/CM and BM is made through optical fiber interfaces, which are provided by GFBI boards. Each GFBI board provides two interfaces. The backplane GFBC converts optical signals into electrical signals and vice versa. The E3M board provides external interfaces for TCSM connections. The GALM board handles different types of external and internal alarms. The clock synchronization system controls the system clock. A GCKS is inserted in the clock frame of the basic cabinet. Two GCKS boards are required to ensure system protection.
II. BM
The previous text has introduced the BSC in terms of its structure and control system. The BM is also discussed in detail. Here we will see the difference of BM configuration in multi-module BSC. From above text we also know that in multimodule BSC communication, CDB and BAM are installed in AM/CM cabinet so there is no need to install these frames in BM cabinet. The only additional hardware needed is for the communication between BM and AM/CM. This communication is performed by GOPT.
IV. CDB
The CDB provides an interface between the BSC and CBC. It forwards the messages from the CBC to BSC. Then the BSC controls the messages and sends the received message to BTS as required while BTS performs load control. These messages are
broadcast in a specific PLMN area or a cell. The CDB and CBC are connected through Ethernet.
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Figure 1.1 AM/CM cabinet/frame/board configuration A BM cabinet under full configuration contains two BMs in a multi-module BSC.
Figure 1.2 shows the BM cabinet/frame/board configuration (full configuration) of a multi-module BSC.
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Central Processionmodual
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I. Frequency bands
Frequency bands supported: 850 MHz, 900MHz, 1800MHz, 1900 MHz.
256 Ater interfaces 512 BTS 16 SS7 ports 1536 LAPD 64 Pb interfaces
When Half Rate function is configured, the whole BSC can support 512 TRXs to 1024 TRXs. When all TCHs are configured with Half Rate, the entire BSC can support 512 TRXs.
Traffic load in busy hour: 6400 Erl (0.1% block rate) Processing capability in busy hour: 800K-BHCA
V. Physical
For one cabinet:
Height: 2,100 mm Width: 880 mm Depth: 550 mm Weight (fully configured): 310 kg
Operating safe temperature: 045oC Operating normal humidity: 3065% Operating safe humidity: 1090%
Fully configured AM/CM cabinet: 500 W Fully configured BM single module: 350 W Fully configured BSC (AM/CM+8BM): 3300 W Fully configured TCSM unit: 1320 W
BSC Software
plug-in-unit Software
Radio resource management call management channel management Base Transceiver Station Management Abis Interface
Pb interface
alarm management
interface to OMC-R
operating system
I. GPRS/EGPRS on air
The M900/M1800 BSC supports GPRS/EGPRS services, a way towards to 3G mobile communication standards. It also provides data services to end users.
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special subscribers can be traced. You can input the keywords (such as, IMSI, TMSI, MSISDN, and IMEI) to trace the target user. If the users information in the call signaling matches that of the expected user, the signaling after this call is returned to OMC and displayed.
Supports P-GSM, E-GSM, R-GSM, DCS1800 frequency band as ETSI GSM protocol mentioned. Provides all functions for BTS supervision, which is stipulated in the GSM specifications. Self-designed intelligent algorithms ensure the reliability especially SDCCH dynamic allocation. Location updating, call connection, short message, message on demand and SMS-based WAP use the signaling channels and their traffic is gradually increased. The SDCCH dynamic allocation function enables the real time dynamic adjustment of the SDCCH and TCH ratio depending on the radio environment, and improved Quality of Service (QoS) as a result. Support eMLPP (Enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-emption service).
Supports the broadcasting of short messages in the cell. Weather reports, advertisements, stock, banking, traffic information can be transmitted to MS through broadcast control channel.
Supports smooth channel assignment during the call set-up requested to or from the MS, support re-assignment. Supports, call handling, Full Rate (FR), Enhanced Full Rate (EFR) and Half Rate (HR) voice coding. It also offers Very Early Allocation (VEA), Early Allocation (EA) and Off-air Call Set Up (OACSU) mode.
Supports discontinuous transmission (DTX) and Voice Activity Detection (VAD) implementation. Encryption is used for ciphering and deciphering of information to and from an MS over a dedicated resource to provide security. Encryption is used or not by BTS but BSC provides this control.
Provides paging queuing and call queuing function. With the help of different parameters and reports monitors the states and status of radio channels. To reduce the radio channel interference and maximum network utilization it supports both baseband and synthesizer hopping. Traffic statistic reports are used to increase the system efficiency and helps in network optimization. High integration of TC supports all standard services. To provide a continuous conversation when roaming is the core objective of a
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cellular network. When a user moves from one BTS to another, the call is handed over to a new BTS so that there will be no interruption.
Supports hierarchical cellular network structure. The radio network is divided into 4 layers, each layer can be divided into 16 priorities to control the traffic distribution.
Supports GSM900/GSM1800 co-BCCH, which means frequencies in GSM900 and GSM1800 can be configured into one cell. Power Control is an important feature to improve the transmission quality by reducing interference. It also prolongs the battery lifetime. Operation and maintenance: Powerful tools on management, which provides easy maintenance of OMC-R link, BTS and BSC fault management through OMC or local terminal.
Supports Integrated network management interface of OMC, it includes integrated network management interface of statistics and integrated network management interface of alarm.
OMC-R supports Dynamic Data Configuration for BSS, which provides GUI interface for Data configure. Supports Data configuration and BTS smooth software down loading. Supports 16kbit/s RSL and OML on Abis interface Supports 64kbit/s semi-permanent connection from BTS to BSC or from BSC to MSC. Supports multiple MNC functions Supports star, tree, chain and ring topologies on the Abis interface for site connection. Supports Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution (EDGE). The 4 16kbit/s links for MCS1-9 of EGPRS (Enhanced GPRS) are supported and dynamic conversion between these modes can be made based on the BEP (Block Error Probability) report from the mobile and radio transmission quality.
Supports Adaptive Multi Rate (AMR). Allow the BTS and the MS automatically select the proper Codec algorithm based on the actual radio environment to adjust the Codec rate and finally improve the voice quality.
Support 3-digit MNC. All the cells (including external cells) within BSC can be configured with 3 -digit MNC and 2-digit MNC. The local MNC can also be configured as 3-digit or 2-digit. The user can configure it flexibly with no limitation.
can
implement the BSS-based CELL+TA mobile location service. Cell ID + TA location is to use current parameter TA to estimate the distance between MS and BTS, thus raises the location precision on the basis of Cell ID. Huawei BSC integrates Service Mobile Location Center (SMLC). The interface between BSC and SMLC is the internal interface. The location precision of this scheme is about 500m.
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Support User Signaling Tracing. Input the user characteristic (such as IMSI, TMSI, MSISDN, and IMEI) through the BSC OMC, and the host decodes the signaling of the call and then compares the characteristic in the signaling with the input characteristic. If the they match, the host returns the signaling of the call to the OMC to display. This function can trace, save and review the signaling on the A interface and Abis interface. It can trace 16 users at the same time.It can also trace the A interface or Abis interface of a user.When trace the message on the Abis interface, you can choose whether to trace the measurement report. When the intra-BSC handover occurs, this function informs the target BM to continue to trace the user through BSC.
4.7 Reliability
The M900/M1800 BSC is designed to meet the availability requirements of the ITU-T. The following design objectives have been adopted to ensure that the availability of the BSC is very high. Simplicity and speed of the maintenance procedures are the prerequisites for the availability of the M900/M1800 BSC. The maintenance is improved by the modular structure of the equipment, automatic fault detection procedures, and elimination of downtime by using a hot-standby or load-sharing unit in the event of a failure. The following design objectives have been adopted to ensure that the unavailability of the BSC is very low. Reliability parameter:
MTBF (mean time between failures): 341298 hours MTTR (mean time to repair): 1 hour Availability: 99.9997% Mean time of system down per year: 0.026 hours
I. Reliability Measures
Hot-standby or load-sharing working mode is adopted for important unit. All vital or important component of BSC are duplicated and mechanisms are included providing for automatic reconfiguration in the event of failure. The switching module, operation and maintenance module, base station interface equipment, LAPD and SS7 procession module etc are design in hot standby and load-sharing working mode to ensure high reliability.
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customer can decide the optimizing method easily. The BSSOMAP module accepts performance measurement tasks started by the OMC traffic statistics console and schedules them centrally. It notifies the relative modules to start/stop measurement, eventually collects and processes measurement results, and send the result to the OMC statistics console. Performance measurement tasks have absolute time life cycle and statistic cycle attributes. For example, a performance measurement task on a cell starts on July 6, 1998. The statistics life is 60 days. The measurement is conducted between 9:00 am to 14:00 pm with 5 minutes cycles. The task scheduling is hence driven by the absolute timer in the system. Results of the measurements are sent to the OMC traffic statistics console once a second with the resending acknowledgment message. The customer performs the tasks through OMC traffic statistics console.
Traffic flow is classified into 12 levels. The higher the flow level is, the lower the service level. Level 0 is a normal running level; levels 1-11 are flow levels for the BSC traffic control. At different levels, the module provides different levels of service. When traffic control exists in the BSC system (traffic control level is higher than 0), packet service access is prohibited
Traffic is classified into 12 levels, with cell as the smallest control unit. The higher traffic level means lower service level.
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Level 0 is a normal running level, levels 1-11 are the flow level for certain cell. At different flow level, the cell provides different service level. When there is traffic control (traffic control level is greater than 0) in a cell, new packet service access is prohibited.
This function is dispatched by the CHECK software module, and conducted in the various modules. It can be performed in two ways i.e. checking initiated at the maintenance console and timed resources check every day. It mainly involves:
Check the usage of the memory resources, for example, allocation and release of the call control block. Check the usage of A-interface circuit resources. Check the consistence between radio resources occupation and state. Check the usage of GNET board resources. Check the consistence between the signaling link occupation and state.
To eliminate the inconsistency between the PCU and BSC due to certain abnormalities, it is necessary to check resources periodically between the BSC and PCU. The check is initiated by PCU, and BSC is responsible for correcting the inconsistency between the two entities. The check mainly involves:
Check the type and state of PDCH channels Check the PCIC states. Check the cell states.
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Chapter 5
Chapter 5
The most fundamental function of TRAU is to encode and decode voices. Regular Pulse Excitation Long Term Prediction (RPE-LTP) algorithm is used. (EFR service adopts CELP algorithm). After the addition of synchronous bits and command words, a frame signal of TRAU has 320 bits. The reverse process of coding is called decoding. After receiving TRAU frame from BSC direction, TRAU will restore it to voice data by decoding algorithm and send to the MSC. The TRAU functions are performed by FTC board.
Voice Activity Detection (VAD) is used together with Silence Descriptor (SID) technique in the discontinuous transmission (DTX) mode of GSM. If TRAU detects that there is no voice information in the data received from MSC through VAD functional module, it will clear voice flag in the encoded TRAU frame. After BTS identifies this flag bit, transmission of downlink will be disconnected till the flag resets. In the same way, TRAU identifies SID flag at the reception of uplink frame.
TRAU provide a transparent data transmission. GSM data services includes the transmission of various data messages e.g. text, image, fax, computer files etc. During data service communication, TRAU accomplishes the format conversion of data frame and rate adaptation without transcoding for transferred data.
Huawei FTC board transmits the signaling on a time slot without any processing and SMUX can transparently transfer one channel of signaling so that signaling information will not be effected.
TRAU provides powerful operation and maintenance functions. MSM board and E3M/SMI can communicate with each other through HDLC link, which occupies the last two bits of 31st timeslot on E1 link. BSC can operate and maintain the remote TCSM units through this HDLC link.
Chapter 5
Huawei TCSM can multiplex 430=120 voice channels to 1 standard E1 link and de-multiplex 120=430 voice channels from 1 standard E1 link. TRAU is compatible with Full Rate (FR), Half Rate (HR) ,Enhanced Full Rate (EFR) and Adaptive MultiRate (AMR).
Chapter 5
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Chapter 5
Height: 2,100 mm Width: 840 mm Depth: 550 mm Weight (under full configuration): 310 kg
Floor bearing capacity: 450 kg/m2 Operating normal temperature: 1535oC Operating safe temperature: 045oC Operating normal humidity: 3065% Operating safe humidity: 1090%
Chapter 6 Compatibility
Chapter 6 Compatibility
Huawei M900/M1800 GSM system complies with ETSI standard and relevant protocols. Huawei M900/M1800 BSS is based on the GSM technical parameters set by the European Telecommunications Standards Institute (ETSI). These technical parameters are designed to ensure inter-operability of equipment from different manufacturers in the same GSM network. Huawei M900/M1800 BSS is not only compatible with Huawei M900/M1800 Network Switching Subsystem (NSS) and GPRS Switching Subsystem (GSS), but also compatible with the major switch suppliers. The A-interface is an open interface. Huawei has accomplished intensive testing concerning the A-interface. Huawei has tested the M900/M1800 BSS with all the major switch suppliers on the market. Huawei BSS has been proved to interwork with other manufacturers' MSCs such as Nokia, Alcatel, Siemens, Ericsson and Nortel etc. Huawei self-developed 3G system will fully support the smooth evolution from GSM/GPRS/EDGE to 3G.
Chapter 7 Quality
Chapter 7 Quality
In order to maximize service quality and to run the network effectively, the equipment and software must be planned and produced according to specific quality standards.
7.2 Document
Huawei documentation goes through several procedures such as reviews, inspections and testing in its development to ensure the quality. The terminology used in Huawei document is based on the recommendations of ITU-T and the applicable standards of ETSI, ICE, ISO and GSM Phases. Huawei provides electronic and paper format Documentation for customer browsing.
Chapter 7 Quality
Abbreviation
Appendix A Abbreviations
Abbreviation A AM/CM AMR APL B BAM BCH BER BEP BHCA BIE BM BSC BSS BTS C C/I CCCH CDB CDMA CDU CELP Carrier/Interference Common Control Channel Central Database Code Division Multiple Access Combiner and Divider Unit Code Exited Linear Predictive Coding Back Administration Module Broadcast Control Channel Bit Error Rate Block Error Probability Busy Hour Call Attempt Base station Interface Equipment Basic Module Base Station Controller Base Station Subsystem Base Transceiver Station Administration Module/ Communication Module Adaptive Multi Rate Advanced Phase Lock Full text
A-1
Abbreviation
CPU CS D DC DCH DSP DTX E EA EDGE EFR EGPRS eMLPP F FR FTTB G GALM GCKS GLAP GMCCM GMEM GMPU GMSK GNOD GOS
Direct Current Dedicated Control Channel Digital Signal Processor Discontinuous Transmission
Early Allocation Enhanced Data rates for GSM Evolution Enhanced Full Rate Enhanced GPRS (General Packet Radio Service) Enhanced Multi-Level Precedence and Pre-emption service
Alarm Board Clock Board LAP Board Module Communication and Control Board Memory Board Main Processing Unit Gaussian Minimum shift Keying Node Control Board Grade of Service
A-2
Abbreviation
GPRS GSM GSNT H HSC L LAN LAPD LMT M MFU MMI MMU MPA MS MSC MTBF MTR N NSS O O&M OACSU OMC P PCM
General Packet Radio Service Global System for Mobile Communication Switching Board
Microcell Frame processing Unit Man Machine Interface Microcell operation and Maintenance Unit Microcell Power Amplifier Mobile Station Mobile Switching Center Mean Time Between Failures Microcell Transceiver Unit
Network SubSystem
Operation and Maintenance Center Off Air Call Set Up Operation and Maintenance Center
A-3
Abbreviation
PCU PDN PLMN PMU POMU PSTN PSU R RF RPE-LTP RPPU S SCP SGSN SID SMI SMC SMS SMUX SS7 T TCH TCSM TDMA TEU TMU
Packet Control Unit Public Data Network Public Land Mobile Network Power Management Unit Packet Operation and Maintenance Unit Public Switched Telephone Network Power Supply Unit
Radio Frequency Regular Excitation Long Term Predictor Radio Packet Processing Unit
Signaling Control Processing Serving GPRS support Node Silence Descriptor Sub Multiplexer Interface Short Message Center Short Message service Sub Multiplexer Signaling System 7
Traffic Channel Transcoder and Sub Multiplexer Time Division Multiple Access Transmission Extension unit Transmission Management Unit
A-4
Abbreviation
TRAU V VAD VEA VLR VLSI VSWR W WAN WAP WCDMA X xDSL
Voice Activity Detection Very Early Allocation Visitor Location Register Very Large Scale Integration Voltage Standing Wave Ratio
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