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Drug Study (AFP)
Drug Study (AFP)
Drug Study (AFP)
INDICATION
ACTION
CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION
NURSING CONSIDERATION
Relief of pain including muscular, rheumatic, traumatic, dental, post-op and postpartum pain, headache, migraine, fever, dysmenorrhea
Aspirin-like drug that has analgesic, antipyretic & anti inflammatory activities
Pregnancy & lactation, hypersensitivity, active ulceration or chronic inflammation of either upper or lower GIT, blood disorders, poor platelet function, kidney or liver impairment, children below 14 years old
Assess patients pain before therapy Monitor for possible drug induced adverse reactions Advice patient not to take drug for more than 7 days Advice patient to report immediately persistence or failure to relieve pain
GENERIC NAME
INDICATION
ACTION
CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION
NURSING CONSIDERATION
Lower respiratory tract infections, otitis media, sinusitis ,skin & soft tissue infections, UTI, pre & postsurgical procedures, bone & joint, dental infections
Inhibits enzymes involved in formation of peptidoglycan layer of bacterial cell wall. No effect on human cell walls. Bactericidal; only works on dividing bacteria. Well absorbed enterally. Clavulanic acid inhibits bacterial lactamase.
History of penicillin hypersensitivity. Super infections involving Pseudomonas or candida. Pregnancy& lactation
Allergic reactions Cross-allergy with other penicillins Partial cross-allergy with cephalosporins (10%) Hepatitis, cholestatic jaundice Erythema multiforme (including StevensJohnson) Toxic epidermal necrolysis; exfoliative dermatitis Diarrhea, vomiting Rashes Neutropenia Anemia
Pregnancy History of hypersensitivity Renal impairment Hepatic impairment may cause cholestatic jaundice up to 6 weeks after cessation may cause maculopapular rashes Almost always in presence of glandular fever
GENERIC NAME
INDICATION
ACTION
CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION
NURSING CONSIDERATION
Vitamin B complex
Vit B-complex deficiencies; neuritis, polyneuritis, diabetic neuritis, neuralgia, lumbalgia, sciatica, intercostal & trigeminal neuralgia, peripheral neuroparalysis, arthralgia & myalgia
A coenzyme that stimulate metabolic function and is needed for cell replication, hematopoiesis, and nucleoprotein and myelin synthesis.
CV: peripheral vascular thrombosis, heart failure GI: transient diarrhea Respi: pulmonary edema Skin: itching, transitory exanthema, urticaria. Other: anaphylaxis, Anaphylactoid reactions with parenteral administration, pain or burning at injection site.
Determine reticulocyte count, hct, Vit.B12, iron, folate levels before beginning therapy. Obtain a sensitivity test history before administration Avoid IV administration because faster systemic elimination will reduce effectiveness of vitamin. Monitor patient for hypokalemia for first 48 hours, as anemia correct itself. Give potassium supplements, as needed.
GENERIC NAME
INDICATION
ACTION
CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION
NURSING CONSIDERATION
Adjunctive therapy in the treatment of partial seizures with and without secondary generalization in adults and children 3 12 yr with epilepsy Orphan drug use: Treatment of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis Management of postherpetic neuralgia or pain in the area affected by herpes zoster after the disease has been treated
Mechanism of action not understood; antiepileptic activity may be related to its ability to inhibit polysynaptic responses and block posttetanic potentiation.
CNS: Dizziness, insomnia, nervousness, fatigue, somnolence, ataxia, diplopia, tremor Dermatologic: Pruritus, abrasion GI: Dyspepsia, vomiting, nausea, constipation, dry mouth Respiratory: Rhinitis, pharyngitis Other: Weight gain, facial edema, cancer, impotence
Give drug with food to prevent GI upset. Arrange for consultation with support groups for people with epilepsy. If overdose occurs, hemodialysis may be an option.
GENERIC NAME
INDICATION
ACTION
CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION
NURSING CONSIDERATION
It is used for the treatment of the symptoms of dry eye (such as soreness, burning, irritation or dryness) caused by your eye not producing enough tears to keep the eye wet.
Wash your hands before using the eye gel. When using the eye drops you should take care not to touch your eye or any surface with the dropper tip, to avoid contaminating the eye drops. Contact lenses should not be worn during treatment with this product. Do not drive or operate machinery until this has worn off.
GENERIC NAME
INDICATION
ACTION
CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION
NURSING CONSIDERATION
For use alone or in combination with antithyroid agents to treat hypothyroidism, goiter, chronic lymphocytic thyroiditis, myxedema coma, and stupor.
Levothyroxine sodium increases the basal metabolic rate (BMR) of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. It is also involved in the regulation and differentiation of cell growth. These effects are mediated at the cellular level by the thyroxine metabolite, tri-iodothyronine.
Untreated hyperthyroidism; uncorrected adrenal failure; recent MI. Angina, heart failure; DM; diabetes insipidus; elderly; long-standing hypothyroidism; adrenal insufficiency; myxedema. Do not use for treatment of obesity or for wt loss. Pregnancy, lactation.
Nervousness, excitability, tremor, muscle weakness, cramps; sweating, flushing, heat intolerance, headache, insomnia, tachycardia, palpitations, angina pectoris, excessive wt loss; menstrual irregularities; diarrhea, vomiting.
GENERIC NAME
INDICATION
ACTION
CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION
NURSING CONSIDERATION
Hypertriglyceridemia in adult patients with very high elevations of triglyceride levels (type IV and V hyperlipidemia) at risk of pancreatitis unresponsive to diet therapy Reduction of coronary heart disease risk in patients who have not responded to diet, exercise, and other agents and have low HDL levels in addition to high LDL and triglyceride levels
Gemfibrozil exhibits its action by inhibition of lipolysis and reduction of hepatic fatty acid uptake. It also inhibits secretion of VLDL from the liver.
Hypersensitivity. Severe hepatic or renal dysfunction; gall stones; neonates, children, pregnancy, lactation.
Myositic syndrome, cholelithiasis, GI disturbances, rash, headache, blood dyscrasias, myalgia. Impotence, painful extremities, blurred vision; pruritus, urticaria; impotence; dizziness; cholestatic jaundice. Potentially Fatal: Bone marrow hypoplasia; intracranial haemorrhage; nephrotoxicity; peripheral neuritis.
Administer drug with meals or milk if GI upset occurs. Arrange for regular follow-up visits, including blood tests for lipids, liver function, CBC, and blood glucose during long-term therapy.
GENERIC NAME
INDICATION
ACTION
CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION
NURSING CONSIDERATION
Management of the signs and symptoms of primary and secondary gout Management of patients with malignancies that result in elevations of serum and urinary uric acid Management of patients with recurrent calcium oxalate calculi whose daily uric acid excretion exceeds 800 mg/day (males) or 750 mg/day (females)
Inhibits the enzyme responsible for the conversion of purines to uric acid, thus reducing the production of uric acid with a decrease in serum and sometimes in urinary uric acid levels, relieving the signs and symptoms of gout
Contraindicated with allergy to allopurinol, blood dyscrasias. Use cautiously with liver disease, renal failure, lactation, pregnancy.
Encourage patient to drink 2.5 to 3 L/day to Dermatologic: Rashes decrease the risk of maculopapular, scaly or renal stone exfoliativesometimes development. fatal Check urine GI: Nausea, vomiting, alkalinityurates diarrhea, abdominal crystallize in acid pain, gastritis, urine; sodium hepatomegaly, bicarbonate or hyperbilirubinemia, potassium citrate may cholestatic jaundice be ordered to alkalinize urine. GU: Exacerbation of gout and renal calculi, Discontinue drug at renal failure first sign of skin rash; severe to fatal skin Hematologic: Anemia, reactions have leukopenia, occurred. agranulocytosis, thrombocytopenia, Arrange for regular aplastic anemia, bone medical follow-up and marrow depression blood tests.
GENERIC NAME
INDICATION
ACTION
CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION
NURSING CONSIDERATION
Ferrous Sulfate
Prevention and treatment of iron deficiency anemias. Dietary supplement for iron.
Ferrous Sulfate is an essential component in the formation of hemoglobin, myoglobin and enzymes. It is necessary for effective erythropoiesis and transport or utilization of oxygen.
Ferrous sulfate (or other oral iron products) are considered contraindicated in patients with hemosiderosis, hemochromotosis, hemolytic anemias, or known hypersensitivity to any component of the product. Because of the GI irritating properties of the drugs, oral iron products are also considered contraindicated by some clinicians in patients with GI ulcerative diseases.
CNS: hypotensioin, nausea, constipation, dark stools, diarrhea, epigastric pain Derm: skin staining
Instruct patient to avoid concurrent use of alcohol or OTC medicine without consulting the physician. Advise patient to consult physician if irregular heartbeat, dyspnea, swelling of hands and feet and hypotension occurs. Encourage patient to comply with additional intervention for hypertension like proper diet, regular exercise, lifestyle changes and stress management.
GENERIC NAME
INDICATION
ACTION
CONTRAINDICATION
ADVERSE REACTION
NURSING CONSIDERATION
Relief of signs and symptoms of osteoarthritis and rheumatoid arthritis. Relief of the signs and symptoms of pauciarticular or polyarticular course juvenile rheumatoid arthritis (JRA) in patients 2 yr of age and older.
Meloxicam is a nonsteroidal antiinflammatory drug (NSAID) that exhibits anti-inflammatory, analgesic, and antipyretic activities in models. The mechanism of action of meloxicam, like that of other NSAIDs, may be related to prostaglandin synthetase (cyclooxygenase) inhibition.
Patients who have experienced asthma, urticaria, or allergictype reactions after taking aspirin or other NSAIDs; hypersensitivity to any component of product; treatment of perioperative pain in the setting of coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery.
Body as a Whole: Edema, fall, flu-like syndrome, pain. GI: Abdominal pain, diarrhea, dyspepsia, flatulence, nausea, constipation, ulceration, GI bleed.Hematologic: Anemia. Musculoskeletal: Arthralgia. CNS: Dizziness, headache, insomnia. Respiratory: Pharyngitis, upper respiratory tract infection, cough. Skin: Rash, pruritus.
Monitor for and immediately report S&S of GI ulceration or bleeding, including black, tarry stool, abdominal or stomach pain; hepatotoxicity, including fatigue, lethargy, pruritus, jaundice, flu-like symptoms; skin rash; weight gain and edema. Withhold drug and notify physician if hepatotoxicity or GI bleeding is suspected. Do not take aspirin or other NSAIDs while on this medication. Do not breast feed while taking this drug