COMPOUNDING OF STEAM TURBINE

ABSTRACT

A steam turbine is a turbo machine which converts steam energy to kinetic energy by expanding the steam through nozzle. Again kinetic energy is converted into force. Rotor is a rotating element on which blades are mounted. Moving blades deflect the jets of steam. It may be of two types. Impulse turbine and reaction turbine. Steam turbine can produce mechanical work and it's thermal. But the expansion of steam in one nozzle and utilizing its kinetic energy to rotate its rotor result in the carry over losses or loss velocity losses. These losses are as high as 11 percent of initial kinetic energy. In order to reduce these losses and to increase the efficiency of the turbine, compounding of steam turbine is done. These method reduces the carry over losses to 2 to 3 percent of initial kinetic energy.

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COMPOUNDING OF STEAM TURBINE

TABLE OF CONTENT

NO.

1.

TITTLE PAGE ABSTRACT iii LIST OF FIGURES vi INTRODUCTION 1.1 General..... 1 1.2 History...... 2 1.3 Principle4 1.4 Classification of Steam Turbine....5 1.4.1 Based on the principle of working5 1.4.2 Based on the Direction Of flow6 1.4.3 Based on the Speed of turbine7 1.4.4 Based on the Application of turbine7 1.4.5 Based on the Pressure in Steam Turbine...8 1.5 Rankine Cycle.9

2.

TURBINES 2.1Simple Impulse Turbine..11 2.2Impulse-Reaction Turbine....14

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COMPOUNDING OF STEAM TURBINE

2.3 Difference between Impulse and Reaction Impulse Turbine17 3. COMPOUNDING OF STEAM TURBINE 3.1Why Compounding?................................................19 3.2Compounding of Impulse Turbine..21 3.3 Pressure-Compounded Impulse Turbine21 3.4 Velocity-Compounded Impulse Turbine.24 3.5 Pressure-Velocity Compounded Impulse Turbine26 3.6 Combination Turbines28 4. CONCLUSION 4.1 Advantages of Steam turbine29 4.2 Disadvantages of Steam Turbine...30 4.3 Application30 4.4 Future Aspect.31 REFERENCES 33

COMPOUNDING OF STEAM TURBINE

LIST OF FIGURE

CHAPTER 1: 1.1 Block Diagram of a steam turbine.2 1.2 Hero and Brancas Turbine.2 1.3 Working of a Steam Turbine...4 1.4 Difference between the two turbine.6 1.5 Basic Rankine Cycle.9 CHAPTER 2: 2.1 Working of simple Impulse Turbine.11 2.2 Schematic diagram of an Impulse turbine....13 2.3 Velocity Diagram of an Impulse Turbine.13 2.4 Diagrammatic Arrangement of Impulse-reaction Turbine........14 2.5 In a Steam turbine, steam strikes a set of movable blades and exerts force against them. The steam is then deflected by a set of fixed blades to another set of movable blades, and so on.15 2.6 Pressure Velocity variation of Reaction turbine.....16 2.7 Difference in working of two turbine..18 CHAPTER 3: 3.1 Carry over loss in Impulse Turbine..20 3.2 Diagrammatic arrangement of Pressure Compounding22 3.3 Velocity Compounding in Impulse Turbine: principle..25

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COMPOUNDING OF STEAM TURBINE

3.4 Re-entry Velocity Compounding...26 3.5 Pressure Velocity Compounding..27

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COMPOUNDING OF STEAM TURBINE

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