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Q
A typical periodic table always lists which of the following? (There may be more than one correct answer.) a. chemical symbol b. atomic number c. mass number d. atomic weight e. physical state Two atoms with the same number of protons but different numbers of neutrons are examples of ______ of an element. How many carbon atoms may bond together? What are the four types of hydrocarbons? What is the general formula of an alkane? What is the general formula of a cycloalkane? What is the general formula of an alkene? How is the general formula of a cycloalkane similar to the general formula of an alkene? When naming an alkane, what suffix must be present? In organic compounds, how many bonds does carbon always have? Circle each of the chiral carbon atoms in the following molecule:

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1

A
a, b, and d.

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1

2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 1 0 1 1

isotopes unlimited alkanes, alkenes, alkynes, and aromatic CnH2n+2 CnH2n CnH2n They are both CnH2n. -ane 4

1 2

Name the following compounds:

1 2

a. butane b. cyclohexane c. 3-methyl-1-butene d. 4,4-dimethyl-2-hexyne

1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2

When an organic molecule reacts, where is the most likely site of reaction? What does the abbreviation VSEPR stand for? Determine the molecular geometries about the central atom for each of the following. a. H2S b. Cl2O c. BF3 Determine the molecular geometries about the central atom for each of the following. a. SF6 b. CS2 Determine the hybridization of the central atom for each of the following. a. H2S b. Cl2O c. BF3 Determine the hybridization of the central atom for each of the following. a. SF6 b. CS2 Which of the following molecules are polar? a. H2S b. Cl2O c. BF3 Which of the following molecules are polar? a. SF4 b. XeF2 Which of the following molecules are polar? a. SF6 b. CS2 State the octet rule.

1 3 1 4 1 5 1 6 1 7 1 8 1 9 2 0 2 1 2 2

a functional group Valence shell electron pair repulsion a. bent b. bent c. trigonal planar a. octahedral b. linear a. sp3 b. sp3 c. sp2 a. sp3d2 b. sp a. polar b. polar c. nonpolar a. polar b. nonpolar a. nonpolar b. nonpolar During chemical reactions, atoms tend to gain, lose, or share electrons in order to achieve an octet of electrons in their outer shell. a. 1 b. 8 c. 7 d. 5 e. 4 Electronegativity is a measure of the attractive force that an atom in a compound exerts on electrons in a bond.

2 3 2 4

How many electrons should the Lewis symbols of each of the following elements indicate? a. K b. Ar c. I d. N e. Si What is the definition of electronegativity?

2 3 2 4

2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 0 3 1 3 2

Which of the following pairs of elements will have the greatest difference in electronegativity? a. B and C b. C and Si c. O and F d. F and S e. Cl and Si Which of the following is not following the octet rule? a. F b. O c. P3 d. Mg2+ e. Ti4+ How many electrons must each of the following gain to achieve an octet? a. S b. I c. Ar How many electrons must each of the following lose to achieve an octet? a. Cs b. Mg c. Cl What is the maximum number of covalent bonds between a pair of atoms? a. 1 b. 2 c. 4 d. 3 e. 6 Which type of bond will form between two nonmetals that differ slightly in electronegativity? a. polar covalent b. nonpolar covalent c. ionic d. metallic e. no bond can form Which of the following atoms can never be the central atom in a Lewis structure? a. C b. H c. O d. N e. B Draw the Lewis structure of each of the following. a. H2S b. CO2 c. Cl2O d. NH4+
_ _ _

2 5 2 6 2 7 2 8 2 9 3 0 3 1 3 2

e b a. 2 b. 1 c. 0 a. 1 b. 2 c. 7 c a

3 3

Draw the Lewis structure of each of the following. a. BF3 b. SF4 c. XeF2 d. CS2 e. SF6

3 3

3 4

Draw the resonance structures of each of the following. a. NO2 b. SO3 c. NO2
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3 4

3 5 3 6 3 7

Arrange the following in order of decreasing bond length N-N, NN, and N=N. Arrange the following in order of increasing bond energy C-O, CO, and C=O. Draw the Lewis structure of sodium phosphate, Na3PO4. (Be Careful! this is tricky.)

3 5 3 6 3 7