The

infec)ous cycle
Week 2, Session 1 Virology I: How viruses work Prof. V. Racaniello

The Infec)ous Cycle

Virologists divide the infecAous cycle into steps to facilitate their study, but no such arAcial boundaries occur

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Some important deni)ons

A suscep)ble cell has a funcAonal receptor for a given virus - the cell may or may not be able to support viral replica3on A resistant cell has no receptor - it may or may not be competent to support viral replica3on A permissive cell has the capacity to replicate virus - it may or may not be suscep3ble A suscep)ble AND permissive cell is the only cell that can take up a virus parAcle and replicate it
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Animal viruses, though discovered in early 1900s, could not be rouAnely propagated in cultured cells Most viruses were grown in laboratory animals

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Studying the infec)ous cycle in cells

Not possible before 1949 (animal viruses) Enders, Weller, Robbins propagate poliovirus in human cell culture - primary cultures of embryonic Assues Nobel prize, 1954

hTp://www.virology.ws/2009/02/09/the-amazing-hela-cells-of-henrieTa-lacks/
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Virus cul)va)on

primary human mouse broblast cell line foreskin broblasts (3T3)

human epithelial cell line (HeLa)

conAnuous cell lines diploid cell strains (e.g. WI-38, human embryonic lung)

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cytopathic eect (CPE)

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FormaAon of syncy3a

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Images from Principles of Virology 2009 American Society for Microbiology Are used with permission No further reproducAon or distribuAon is permiTed without the prior wriTen permission of the American Society for Microbiology

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