Hydraulic press is the most efficient form of presses.

It applies hydraulic mechanism for applying a large lifting force or compressive force. The press has one or more than one hydraulic pump and hydraulic cylinder. Hydraulic press also allows easily configured job parameters like travel distance, force and return position to perform a variety of jobs. Various levels of sophistication and technical advancement are available including simple mechanical switches and digitally programmable control. Hydraulic press works on Savannah's principle, which states - pressure throughout a closed system is constant. In hydraulic press, there is a piston at one end of the system having a small cross-sectional area. This piston is driven by a lever. The other end of the system has smalldiameter tubing. When a fluid is displaced, either of the pistons is pushed inward. Small piston displaces a smaller amount of volume than the large piston for a given distance of movement. The displaced fluid volume is proportional to the ratio of pistons' head areas. Hence, smaller piston moves a large distance to move large piston significantly. The large piston movement distance is equal to small piston movement distance divided by the ratio of the pistons' head areas. For illustration, if the ratio of the pistons' head areas is 5 and a force of 100 newtons is applied on small piston, it will produce a force of 500 newtons on the large piston. The smaller piston should be pushed at least 50 cm to get the large piston to rise 10 cm. As the force is increasing on the larger piston, the distance must be decreased. This way, it also follows the principle of conversation of energy. For instance, the work done by small piston is 50 Joules (100 newtons multiplied by 0.5 meter), which is the equal to the work done by large piston, 500 newtons multiplied by 0.1 meter.

General Introduction of Hydraulic Press

Hydraulic press machine is one kind of device used hydraulic oil to deliver pressure, and hydraulic oil delivers pressure in the sealed container, which is in accordance with Pascal law. Moreover, the delivery system of hydraulic press consists of dynamic mechanism, control mechanism, implementing mechanism, supporting mechanism as well as operating media. Dynamic mechanism is generally used volumetric oil pump, so in order to fulfill the speed requirement of implementing mechanism, operators would select one or several oil pumps. In the cases of different oil pressures, operators would choose different components, for instance, if oil pressure is smaller than 2.5MP, they would choose wheel pump, if oil pressure is smaller than 6.3MP, they would select vane pump, and if oil pressure is at high-pressure level, they would thus choose piston pump. Generally speaking, hydraulic press refers to hydraulic pump and hydraulic motor, both of them are the energy changing devices in hydraulic system. The different

point is that hydraulic pump would change mechanical energy in driven motor into pressure energy of oil, so we can regard hydraulic pump as the dynamic device in hydraulic system, while hydraulic motor changes pressure energy into mechanical energy, so it is the implementing device in hydraulic system. In addition, the operating principle of hydraulic press is simple. Under the control of electrical installation, dynamic mechanism would realize the energy transformation, adjustment and delivery with the help of pump, oil cylinder and varied hydraulic valves, so that various processing cycles can be properly done. As for the classification of hydraulic press, it can be divided into different types in terms of different conditions, for instance, based on the delivered pressure, it has oil hydraulic press and water hydraulic press and single action press. As the total pressure produced by water hydraulic press is relatively large, it is often used to do the forging and stamping. While forging water hydraulic press can be further divided into mold-forging typed as well as free-forging typed, that is to say, mold-forging water hydraulic press is used mold, but free-forging water hydraulic press doesn't use mold. Furthermore, according to the structural forms, it is classified into four-pole typed, C-shaped typed, horizontal typed as well as vertical typed hydraulic press and metal stamping presses. What's more, the repair of hydraulic press is of great importance. It is better to use pressure of hydraulic cylinder to dismantle tight-fit components, for if operators use stick or hammer to dismantle those parts, which will waste their much energy, and such doing is low efficient and unsafe, and it is easy to break other parts. While using pressure of hydraulic cylinder will not break components, and it won't waste energy, more importantly, it is safe and reliable, and it has high installation accuracy.