American Colonies

Colony Roanoke Virginia Founded 1585 1607 Region Southern Southern Founder Sir Walter Raleigh John Smith Anglican Royal Religion Government Original Purpose Establish English colony in New World. Trade and profits Economics Note Colonists disappeared without a trace. Tobacco Founded as joint-stock company. House of Burgesses (1619). Only 60 of 1st 900 colonists survived. Mayflower Compact. Led by William Bradford. Set up as Dutch colony, taken over by English in 1664. Led by John Winthrop. 18,000 settlers by 1642. Puritan harshness led to these settlers north and inland. Founded by George Calvert. Slow growing (only 600 by 1650. Maryland Toleration Act (1649)). Leaders of Massachusetts asked Hooker and followers to leave. Williams set up most tolerant colony. Established by Sweden; taken by Dutch, then English. Join business venture.

Plymouth New York Massachusetts Bay New Hampshire

1620 1626 1630 1630

New England Middle New England New England

William Bradford Peter Minuit John Winthrop John Mason

Puritan None Puritan Puritan

Corporate Proprietary, then royal Corporate Corporate, then royal

Religious freedom for Separatists Trade and profits Religious freedom for Puritans Escape for those constricted by religious and economic rules Religious freedom for Catholics Religious and economic freedom Religious freedom Trade and profits Trade and profits

Mixed farming Mixed farming, furs Mixed farming, fishing, shipbuilding Mixed farming

Maryland

1634

Middle

George Calvert

None (Anglican after 1692)

Proprietary

Tobacco

Connecticut

1636

New England

Thomas Hooker

Puritan

Corporate

Mixed farming

Rhode Island Delaware North Carolina

1636 1638 1653

New England Middle Southern

Roger Williams Peter Minuit Group of proprietors

None None Anglican

Corporate Proprietary Proprietary

Mixed farming

Rice

American Colonies
New Jersey South Carolina Pennsylvania 1660 1670 1682 Middle Southern Middle Lord Berkeley Group of proprietors William Penn None Anglican None Proprietary Proprietary Proprietary Trade and profits Trade and profits Religious freedom for Quakers; trade and profits Debtor colony Mixed farming Rice Wheat, mixed farming Rice Established by Sweden; taken by English in 1664. Rice major crop. Originally Quaker, this colony became home to many European immigrants. Buffer for Spanish colonies. Originally outlawed slavery and restricted size of land grants to 500 acres.

Georgia

1733

Southern

James Oglethorpe

Anglican

Royal