1 Rate and Ratio: Review Exercise 1 (P. 1.3)

1 Rate and Ratio
1 Rate and Ratio

Review Exercise 1 (p. 1.3)
1. Walking speed of Annies grandmother
m/min 30
min 8
m 240
2. Average speed of Mr Lees car

km/h 68
h
60
30
km 34
3. Distance travelled by the bird

m 99
m ) 30 )( 3 . 3 (
4. Time needed to travel 425 km

h 5
h
85
425
5. ABC PQR
BC
QR
AC
PR
AB
PQ

5
15
6 4

y x
12
) 4 (
5
15
,
_
x
18
) 6 (
5
15
,
_
y
6. DEF LMN
LN
DF
MN
EF
LM
DE

3
12
4
10

y
x
5 . 2
4
10
3
12 10
x
x
16
) 4 (
3
12
,
_
y
Activity
Activity 1.1 (p. 1.4)
1. (a) Distance that David can cycle in 1 hour
km 12
km
2
24
,
_

1
Math in Action (2nd Edition) 2A Full Solutions
(b) Distance that Mark can cycle in 1 hour
km 13
km
5
65
,
_
2. Mark
Classwork
Classwork (p. 1.5)
(a) The required rate
/kg 40 $
kg 2
80 $
(b) The required rate

/orange 5 . 2 $
oranges 4
10 $
(c) The required rate

h goals/matc 3
matches 7
goals 21
(d) The required rate

mL/pack 250
packs 6
mL 1500
Quick Practice
Quick Practice 1.1 (p. 1.6)
(a) Speed of the boat
km/h 24
h 3
km 72
(b) Speed of the boat

m/min 400
min 60 3
m 1000 72

(a) Price of the ribbon
/m 3 $
m
100
200
6 $
cm 00 2
6 $
(b) Amount that Winnie needs to pay

15 $
5 3 $

(a) Jills rate of folding paper flowers
pieces/min 2
min 5
pieces 10

2
1 Rate and Ratio
(b) Time needed to fold 50 pieces of paper flowers
min 30
min 25
min
2
50
<
Jill can finish 50 pieces of paper flowers for a party

which will start in half an hours time.
Alternative Solution
Number of paper flowers folded in half an hour
pieces 50
pieces 60
pieces 30 2
>

Jill can finish 50 pieces of paper flowers for a party
which will start in half an hours time.
(a) 18 : 24
4 : 3
4
3
24
18
(b) 0.36 : 0.9

5 : 2
5
2
90
36
90 : 36
100 9 . 0 : 100 36 . 0

(c)
2
1
:
3
4
3 : 8
3
8
1
2
3
4
2
1
3
4
3 : 8
6
2
1
: 6
3
4
2
1
:
3
4

(d) 150 g : 2 kg
40 : 3
40
3
g 2000
g 150
g 2000 : g 150

2 : 3 6 : x

9
6
2
3
2
3
6
x
x
3
(a)
5
4
15
12
12 15
y
x
y x
5 : 4 : y x
(b)
2
3
18
27
18 27
y
x
y x
2 : 3 : y x
(a) Number of red beans : total number of beans
19 : 4
76 : 16
(b) Number of green beans 60 16 76

Number of green beans : total number of beans
19 : 15
76 : 60
(c) Number of red beans : number of green beans

15 : 4
60 : 16

Toms monthly expenditure
9600 $
11
8
200 13 $
3 8
8
200 13 $

+

Toms monthly savings
3600 $
) 9600 200 13 $(

Toms monthly savings
3600 $
11
3
200 13 $
3 8
3
200 13 $

+

Fraction of the original piece of paper which is the area of the
square
3
2
2 1
2
Let y cm
2
be the area of the original piece of paper.
6
2
3
4
4
3
2

y
y
The area of the original piece of paper is 6 cm
2
.
4
1 Rate and Ratio
(a) 0.6 : 0.4 : 1
5 : 2 : 3
2
10
:
2
4
:
2
6
10 : 4 : 6
10 1 : 10 4 . 0 : 10 6 . 0

(b) 20
4
1
: 20
5
1
: 20
2
1
4
1
:
5
1
:
2
1

5 : 4 : 10
(a) x : y = 2 : 5
y : z = 10 : 1
x : y = 2 2 : 5 2
y : z = 10 : 1
x : y : z = 4 : 10 : 1
(b) x : y = 6 : 1
x : z = 9 : 2
x : y = 6 3 : 1 3
x : z = 9 2 : 2 2
x : y : z = 18 : 3 : 4
(a) Height of plant A cm 180 m 8 . 1
Height of plant B cm 8 mm 80
Height of plant C cm 36
Plant As height : plant Bs height : plant Cs height
9 : 2 : 45
cm 36 : cm 8 : cm 180
(b) Plant As height : plant Cs height

1 : 5
9 : 45
(c) Plant Bs height : plant Cs height

9 : 2
Amys share : Bobs share = 1 : 3
Bobs share : Catherines share
9 : 3
3 3 : 3 1
3 : 1
Amys share : Bobs share : Catherines share = 1 : 3 : 9

Amys share
30 $
13
1
390 $
9 3 1
1
390 $
+ +

Bobs share 90 $
13
3
390 $
Catherines share
270 $ ) 90 30 390 $(
(a) Number of purple tiles : number of brown tiles : number of
white tiles = 4 : 2 : 2 = 2 : 1 : 1
Let b be the number of pieces of brown tiles.
b : 50 = 1 : 2

25
50
2
1
2
1
50
b
b
There are 25 pieces of brown tiles.
(b) Let w be the number of white tiles.
w : 50 = 1 : 2

25
50
2
1
2
1
50
w
w
There are 25 pieces of white tiles.
Total number of pieces of tiles
100
25 25 50
+ +
Fraction of tiles which are purple
2
1
1 1 2
2
+ +
Let t be the total number of tiles.

100
2 50
50
2
1

t
t
There are 100 pieces of tiles in total.
The ratios of the corresponding lengths in similar figures are
equal.
4
6
12
8
12
8
6
a
a
XY
QR
WZ
PS
and
5
5 . 7
12
8
12
8
5 . 7
b
b
XY
QR
WX
PQ
and
12
8
8
12
12
8 8
c
c
XY
QR
XZ
QS
5
(a) The ratios of the corresponding lengths in similar
figures are equal.
5 . 7
5
4
6
4
6
5
w
w
(b)
cm 12
cm 13.5
cm
4
6
9 figure larger the of Height
4
6
cm 9
figure larger the of Height
>
A piece of paper with dimensions 8 cm 12 cm is not

large enough to contain the whole larger figure.
000 50
000 150 3
1
000 150
3
: 1 cm 000 150 : cm 3
: 1 km 1.5 : cm 3
n
n
n
n
n
The scale of the map is 1 : 50 000.
Let x cm be the length of the railway line on the map.
x cm : 72 km = 1 : 2 000 000
6 . 3
000 000 2
000 200 7
000 000 2
1
cm 000 200 7
cm
000 000 2
1
km 72
cm
x
x
x
The length of the railway line on the map is 3.6 cm.
(a) The distance between Nam Kok Tsui and the centre of the
X mark on the map is 0.8 cm.
(b) Let y km be the actual distance between Nam Kok Tsui and
the place marked as X on the map.
0.8 cm : y km = 1 : 120 000
96 . 0
000 100
000 120 8 . 0
000 120
1
cm 000 100
cm 8 . 0
000 120
1
km
cm 8 . 0
y
y
y
The actual distance between Nam Kok Tsui and the
place marked as X on the map is 0.96 km.
6
1 Rate and Ratio
(a) Actual length of the living room
m 5
cm 500
cm 200 5 . 2

Actual width of the living room
m 4
cm 400
cm 200 2

(b) Actual area of the living room
2
2
m 20
m 4 5

(c) The rate of the cost for the tiles
2
2
/m 250 $
m 20
5000 $
Further Practice

Further Practice (p. 1.7)
1. (a) Price of egg
/egg 25 . 1 $
eggs 12
15 $
(b) Price of 30 eggs

5 . 37 $
30 25 . 1 $

2. Alexs swimming rate
m/s 5 . 1
m/s
3
2
1
s 60 2
m 200
>
= Jennys swimming rate

Alex can swim faster.
Distance that Jenny can swim in 2 minutes
m 200
m 180
m 60 2 5 . 1
<

In 2 minutes time, the distance that Jenny can swim is
shorter than the distance that Alex can swim.
Alex can swim faster.
3. (a) Discharge rate of the pipe
L/min 9
min 5 . 1
L 5 . 13
(b) Capacity of half of the water tank

L 54
L
2
108
Time required to discharge half tank of water

minutes 6
minutes
9
54

1. (a) p : 6 5 . 1 : 2

5 . 4
2
5 . 1
6
6
5 . 1
2
p
p
(b) 8 : 3 ) 35 ( : + x x
21
105 5
105 3 8
) 35 ( 3 8
8
3
35
+
+
+
x
x
x x
x x
x
x
2. (a)
14
1
42
3
42 3
y
x
y
x
y x
14 : 1 : y x
(b)
1
7
7
7
b
a
b a
1 : 7 : b a
3. Mrs Chins hourly wage
/h 55 $
h 5
275 $
Mrs Chows hourly wage : Mrs Chins hourly wage

11 : 12
/h 55 $ : /h 60 $
4. Let $y be the price of the dress.

Then the price of the shirt is $(y 42).
Price of the dress : price of the shirt = 7 : 4
4 : 7 ) 42 ( : y y
98
3 294
294 7 4
) 42 ( 7 4
4
7
42
y
y
y y
y y
y
y
The price of the dress is $98.
5. The time that S2A students can use the computer room
during lunch time h
10
9
h
60
54
min 54
Fraction of the lunch time that S2A students can use the
7
computer room
5
3
3 2
3
Let y hours be the lunch time of the school.

2
3
3
5
10
9
10
9
5
3

y
y
The lunch time of the school is 1.5 hours.
1. (a) a : b = 2 : 3
b : c = 3 : 4
a : b : c = 2 : 3 : 4
(b) a : b = 3 : 4
b : c = 5 : 7
a : b = 3 5 4 5
b : c = 5 4 7 4
a : b : c = 15 : 20 : 28
2. (a) Amount of zinc compound : amount of magnesium
compound : amount of calcium compound
40 : 6 : 1
3000 : 450 : 75
10 300 : 10 45 : 10 7.5
mg 300 : mg 45 : mg 5 . 7
(b) Amount of calcium compound : amount of magnesium

compound
3 : 20
6 : 40
(c) Amount of magnesium compound : amount of zinc

compound
1 : 6
3. Number of pieces that put together by Roy
325
40
13
1000
16 11 13
13
1000

+ +

Number of pieces that put together by Roland
275
40
11
1000

Number of pieces that put together by Russell
400
275 325 1000

4. Number of medals won by school B : number of medals won
by school C 9 : 10
Number of medals won by school A : number of medals won
by school B 10 : 12 2 5 : 2 6 5 : 6
Number of medals won by school A : number of medals
won by school B : number of medals won by school C
9 : 10 : 12
8
1 Rate and Ratio
Let a be the number of medals won by school A.
9 : 12 27 : a
36
27
9
12
9
12
27
a
a
School A won 36 medals.
Number of medals won by school B : number of medals
won by school C 9 : 10
30
27
9
10
school by won medals of Number
9
10
27
B
B
Number of medals won by school A : number of medals
won by school B 5 : 6
36
30
5
6
5
6
30
A
A
1. The ratios of the corresponding lengths in similar
figures are equal.
5 . 67
9
2
15
2
15
9
x
x
and
5 . 112
15
2
15
2
15
15
y
y
figures are equal.
24
8
6
18
6
18
8
a
a
and
7
21
18
6
18
6
21
b
b
9
1. (a) For scale 50 : 1, length on scale drawing = 20 cm,
1 : 50 length actual : cm 20

cm 0.4
cm
50
1
20 length Actual
1
50
length Actual
cm 20
For scale 1 : 25 000, length on scale drawing = 8 cm,

000 25 : 1 length actual : cm 8

km 2
cm 000 200
cm 000 25 8 length Actual
000 25
1
length Actual
cm 8
For scale
000 30
1
, length on scale drawing = 5 cm,
000 30 : 1 length actual : cm 5

km 1.5
cm 000 150
cm 000 30 5 length Actual
000 30
1
length Actual
cm 5
Hence,
Scale
Length on the scale
drawing
Actual
length
50 : 1 20 cm ( 0.4 ) cm
1 : 25 000 8 cm ( 2 ) km
000 30
1
5 cm ( 1.5 ) km
(b) For length on the scale drawing = 5 cm
and the actual length = 10 m = 1000 cm,
Scale
200 : 1
5
1000
:
5
5
cm 000 1 : cm 5
For length on the scale drawing = 2 cm

and the actual length = 1 mm = 0.1 cm,
Scale
1 : 20
10 1 . 0 : 10 2
cm 0.1 : cm 2
For length on the scale drawing = 6 cm

and the actual length = 30 km = 3000 000 cm,
Scale
000 500 : 1
6
000 000 3
:
6
6
cm 000 000 3 : cm 6
Hence,
Length on the scale
drawing
Actual
length
Scale
5 cm 10 m 1 : 200
2 cm 1 mm 20 : 1
6 cm 30 km 1 : 500 000
10
1 Rate and Ratio
2. (a) Scale of the map
000 250 : 1
cm 000 250 : cm 1
m 2500 : cm 1
(b) Let x cm be the distance between the two cities on the

map.
x cm : 18 km = 1 : 250 000
2 . 7
000 250
000 800 1
000 250
1
cm 000 800 1
cm
000 250
1
km 18
cm
x
x
x
The distance between the two cities on the map is
7.2 cm.
(c) Let y km be the actual length of the river.
4.2 cm : y km = 1 : 250 000
5 . 10
000 100
000 250 2 . 4
000 250
1
cm 000 100
cm 2 . 4
000 250
1
km
cm 2 . 4
y
y
y
The actual length of the river is 10.5 km.
3. (a) Actual length (width) of the study
m 3
m 2.8
cm 280
cm 200 4 . 1
<

The bench cannot be fit into the study.
(b) Actual area of the study
2
2
m 84 . 7
m 8 . 2 8 . 2

Area of the study : area of the whole flat
300 : 49
4800 : 784
100 48 : 100 84 . 7
m 48 : m 84 . 7
2 2
Exercise
Exercise 1A (p. 1.8)
Level 1
1. Erics running rate
m/s 8
s 25
m 200
2. Ellens answering rate

min questions/ 2
min 7
questions 14
3. The workers wage

/day 500 $
days 4
2000 $
4. Weight of potato chips

g/bag 45
bags 8
g 360
5. Exchange rate for HKD and USD

/USD 8 . 7 HKD
5 USD
39 HKD
6. Price of apples
/dozen 48 $
dozen
12
6
24 $
7. The rent of the flat

/month 7000 $
months 12
000 84 $
year 1
000 84 $
8. Yvonnes typing rate

words/min 54
min
60
40
words 36
s 40
words 36
9. Cost of the fish

g /100 2 . 11 $
g /100
5 . 2
28
$
g 100 5 . 2
28 $
g 250
28 $
kg 25 . 0
28 $
10. The rate that the vehicles arrived at the traffic junction
min vehicles/ 16
min 60 2
vehicles 1920
h 2
vehicles 1920
Level 2
11. For a 5 kg-pack of rice, price
/kg 7 $
kg 5
35 $
11
For a 8 kg-pack of rice, price
/kg 7 $
/kg 5 . 6 $
kg 8
52 $
<
The 8 kg-pack of rice is cheaper.

12. (a) (i) Billys cycling speed
km/min 25 . 0
min 40
km 10
(ii) Bills cycling speed
,
_
m/s
6
1
4 i.e. m/s
6
25
s 60 40
m 1000 10
min 40
km 10
(b) Joeys cycling speed
m/s
6
1
4
m/s
27
22
4
m/s
36 5 . 1
260
s 60 60 5 . 1
m 000 26
h
2
1
1
m 000 26
>
Joeys cycling speed > Billys cycling speed

Joey cycles faster than Billy.
Joeys cycling speed
km/min
45
13
min 60 1.5
km
1000
000 26
h
2
1
1
m 000 26
> 0.25 km/min

Joeys cycling speed > Billys cycling speed
Joey cycles faster than Billy.
13. (a) (i) Price of barbecued pork in Singapore
S$45/kg
kg 3
S$135
(ii) Price of barbecued pork in Hong Kong

HK$195/kg
kg 2
HK$390
(b) Price of barbecued pork in Singapore

12
1 Rate and Ratio
HK$195/kg
g HK$229.5/k
5.1/kg HK$45
/kg 45 $ S
>
It is not cheaper to buy barbecued pork in

Singapore.
Price of barbecued pork in Hong Kong
S$45/kg
/kg
17
4
S$38
/kg
5.1
195
S$
/kg 195 $ HK
<
It is cheaper to buy barbecued pork in Hong Kong.

It is not cheaper to buy barbecued pork in
Singapore.
14. (a) Price of orange
/orange 5 . 2 $
oranges 12 2
60 $
(b) Price of one-and-a-half dozens oranges

45 $
12
2
1
1 5 . 2 $

15. (a) The required exchange rate
/USD 9 . 6 RMB
40 USD
276 RMB
(b) Amount of RMB that we can exchange

1932 RMB
280 9 . 6 RMB

16. (a) Marys reading speed
page/min 5 . 0
min 52
pages 26
(b) Time needed by Mary to finish 66 pages

h 2.2
h
60
132
min 132
min
5 . 0
66
17. (a) Mr Fungs running speed

m/min 150
min 16
m 400 6
(b) Distance ran by Mr Fung in 18 minutes

km 3
km 2.7
m 2700
m 18 150
<

Mr Fung cannot finish a 3-km race in 18 minutes.
Time needed by Mr Fung to finish a 3-km race
13
min 18
min 20
min
150
1000 3
>
Mr Fung cannot finish a 3-km race in 18 minutes.

18. (a) Henrys average rate of saving money per month
/month 90 $
months 12
1080 $
(b) Henrys total saving between 1st January, 2009 to 31st

March, 2009
250 $
270 $
3 90 $
>

Henry can afford to buy a toy worth $250.
19. (a) Mrs Lees hourly wage
/h 64 $
h 9
576 $
(b) Let h hours be the time that Mrs Lee works per day.
10
3200 320
3200 64 5

h
h
h
Mrs Lee needs to work 10 hours per day.
The time that Mrs Lee needs to work per day
h 10
h
64 5
3200
20. (a) Petrol consumption rate of Peters car

L/km
9
2
L/km
21
3
14
km 21
L
3
2
4
(b) Total petrol consumption for the whole journey

L 20
L
9
2
22
L 100
9
2
>

Peter cannot reach city B without refilling his car.
Distance travelled by Peters car using 20 L of petrol
km 100
km 90
km
9
2
20
<
Peter cannot reach city B without refilling his car.

21. (a) Kelvins running speed
m/min 320
min
60
900
m 4800
s 900
m 4800
(b) Kelvins walking speed

m/min
3
1
73
min 30
m 1000
5
1
2
min 30
km
5
1
2
(c) (i) Total distance travelled by Kelvin

m 7000
m 1000
5
1
2 4800
,
_
+
Total time taken
min 45
min 30
60
900
,
_
+
(ii) Kelvins average speed
m/min
9
5
155
min 45
m 7000
22. (a) (i) Time taken by Mary

h
50
d
Time taken by Ann

h
40
d
14
1 Rate and Ratio
(ii)
50
50 4 5
4
1
200
50 40
200
60
15
50 40
,
_

,
_

d
d d
d d
d d
(b) (i) Distance travelled by Peter
km 75t
Distance travelled by Mary
km 50t
(ii)
5
2
50 125
50 50 75
+
t
t
t t
min 24 min 60
5
2
h
5
2

Peter will meet Mary at 12:24 p.m.
Exercise 1B (p. 1.21)
Level 1
1. (a) 48 : 72
3 : 2
3
2
72
48
(b) 0.2 : 0.8

4 : 1
4
1
8
2
8 : 2
10 8 . 0 : 10 2 . 0

(c) 1.5 : 0.45
3 : 10
3
10
45
150
45 : 150
100 45 . 0 : 100 5 . 1

2. (a)

3
4
:
2
3
8 : 9
6
3
4
: 6
2
3

(b)

1 : 2
1
2
24
9
12
9
24
9
:
12
9
(c)
5 : 34
5
34
17
3
5
6
17
3
:
5
6
3. (a) 42 days : 2 weeks

1 : 3
1
3
days 14
days 42
days 7 2 : days 42

15
42 days : 2 weeks
1 : 3
1
3
weeks 2
weeks 6
weeks 2 : weeks
7
42
(b) 1.8 km : 600 m

1 : 3
1
3
m 600
m 1800
m 600 : m 1000 8 . 1

(c) 25 min : 900 s
3 : 5
3
5
s 900
s 1500
s 900 : s 1500
s 900 : s 60 25

4. (a) Number of pencils : number of ball pens
1 : 2
2 : 4
(b) Area of the blue regions : area of the yellow regions

3 : 1
6 : 2
5. (a) 3 : 9 : 15
5 : 3 : 1
3
15
:
3
9
:
3
3
(b)
9
1
:
3
1
: 3
1 : 3 : 27
9
9
1
: 9
3
1
: 9 3

6. (a) 3 : 4 210 : x
280
210
3
4
3
4
210
x
x
(b) y : 48 7 : 21
16
3
48
48
3
48
7
21
y
y
y
7. (a)
3
4
4 3
b
a
b a
3 : 4 : b a
(b)
3
4
1 3
2 2
3
2
2
1
b
a
b a
3 : 4 : b a
(c)
2
9
4
18
4 . 0
8 . 1
8 . 1 4 . 0
b
a
b a
2 : 9 : b a
8. (a) x : y = 3 : 4
y : z = 5 : 6
x : y = 35 : 45
y : z = 54 : 64
x : y : z = 15 : 20 : 24
(b) x : y = 2 : 3
x : z = 5 : 1
x : y = 25 : 35
x : z = 52 : 12
x : y : z = 10 : 15 : 2
(c) y : z = 3 : 4
x : z = 1 : 6
y : z = 33 : 43
x : z = 12 : 62
x : y : z = 2 : 9 : 12
(d) x : y = 3 : 5
y : z = 3 : 5
x : y = 33 : 53
y : z = 35 : 55
x : y : z = 9 : 15 : 25
9. (a) Number of boys : number of girls
16
1 Rate and Ratio
2 : 3
2
3
360
540
360 : 540
(b) Number of boys : total number of students

5 : 3
5
3
900
540
900 : 540
) 360 540 ( : 540
+
Number of boys : total number of students
5 : 3
) 2 3 ( : 3
+
10. (a) Number of black balls 63 18 81
Number of black balls : number of red balls
2 : 7
2
7
18
63
18 : 63
(b) Number of black balls : total number of balls

9 : 7
9
7
81
63
81 : 63
Number of black balls : total number of balls
9 : 7
) 2 7 ( : 7
+
11. (a) Howards age : Garys age
3 : 4
3
4
18
24
18 : 24
(b) Howards age after 12 years : Garys age after

12 years
5 : 6
5
6
30
36
30 : 36
) 12 18 ( : ) 12 24 (
+ +
17
12. Simons score : Jills score : Hugos score
13 : 9 : 11
6
78
:
6
54
:
6
66
78 : 54 : 66
13. (a) AB : BC
4 : 3
4
3
cm 8
cm 6
cm 8 : cm 6
(b) BC : CD
3 : 2
3
2
cm 12
cm 8
cm 12 : cm 8
(c) AB : BC : CD
6 : 4 : 3
2
12
:
2
8
:
2
6
cm 12 : cm 8 : cm 6
14. Victors weight

kg 54
kg 99
11
6
kg 99
5 6
6
Peters weight
kg 45
kg 99
11
5
kg 99
5 6
5
Peters weight
kg 45
kg ) 54 99 (

15. The amount that A gets
280 $
16
7
640 $
5 4 7
7
640 $

+ +

The amount that B gets
160 $
16
4
640 $
5 4 7
4
640 $

+ +

The amount that C gets
200 $
) 160 280 640 $(

16. Fraction of the mixture by volume which is A
7
3
4 3
3
Let y L be the volume of the mixture produced.

5 . 3
3
7
5 . 1
5 . 1
7
3

y
y
The volume of the mixture produced is 3.5 L.
18
1 Rate and Ratio
17. Let x cm be the height of Sam.
Wilsons height : Sams height
= 8 : 9
= 160 cm : x cm
180
8
9
160
cm
cm 160
9
8
x
x
Sams height is 180 cm.
18. Weight of Mr Fei : weight of Mr Tai
3 : 4
3
4
kg 117
kg 156
kg 117 : kg 156
Fraction of the bottle that is shared by Mr Tai

7
3
3 4
3
Let y L be the total volume of the bottle of coke.

05 . 1
3
7
1000
450
1000
450
7
3

y
y
The total volume of the bottle of coke is 1.05 L.
Level 2
19. (a)
9 : 5
9
5
16
9
80
16 :
9
80
10 6 . 1 : 10
9
8
6 . 1 :
9
8

(b)

10 : 9
10
9
3
70
21
3
70
: 21
10
3
7
: 10 1 . 2
3
7
: 1 . 2
3
1
2 : 1 . 2
(c)
2 2
m
4
1
: cm 275
100 : 11
100
11
2500
275
2500 : 275
cm 000 10
4
1
: cm 275
2 2

(d) 1 hour and 4 minutes : 2 hours and 40 minutes
5 : 2
5
2
160
64
160 : 64
minutes 40) 60 (2 : minutes 4) (60
+ +
20. (a)
4
3
:
3
1
:
5
2
45 : 20 : 24
60
4
3
: 60
3
1
: 60
5
2

(b)
15 : 3 : 8
100 15 . 0 : 100 03 . 0 : 100 08 . 0
15 . 0 : 03 . 0 : 08 . 0
m 15 . 0 : m
000 10
300
: m 08 . 0
m 15 . 0 : cm 300 : m 08 . 0
2 2 2
2 2 2
15 : 3 : 8
100
1500
:
100
300
:
100
800
1500 : 300 : 800
cm 000 10 15 . 0 : cm 300 : cm 000 10 08 . 0
m 15 . 0 : cm 300 : m 08 . 0
2 2 2
2 2 2

21. (a) 0.12 m : x cm = 72 cm : 0.12 m

2
12
72
12
cm 12
cm 72
cm
cm 12
m 0.12
cm 72
cm
m 12 . 0
x
x
x
(b) 25 min :
4
3
h = y min : 54 min
19
25 min : 45 min = y min : 54 min
30
54
45
25
54 45
25
y
y
22. (a) 2 : 3 : ) 2 ( + x x

4
3 4 2
3 ) 2 ( 2
2
3 2
+
+
+
x
x x
x x
x
x
(b) 3 : ) 6 ( 5 : y y
15
30 2
30 5 3
) 6 ( 5 3
3
6
5
y
y
y y
y y
y y
23. (a)
7
5
:
3
2 1
:
1
b a
14
15
15
14
5
7
3
2
1
1
7
5
3
2 1 1

b
a
a
b
b
a
b a
14 : 15 : b a
(b)
2
3
:
1
3
1
:
2
b a

1
9
2
3 6
3
2 6
3
2 1
1
3 2
2
3 1
3
1 2

b
a
b
a
b a
b a
b a
1 : 9 : b a
24. (a) 4 : 3 12
3
1
: 12
4
1
3
1
:
4
1
: c a
5 : 2 10
2
1
: 10
5
1
2
1
:
5
1
: c b
a : c = 3 : 4
b : c = 2 : 5
a : c = 3 5 : 4 5
b : c = 2 4 : 5 4
a : b : c = 15 : 8 : 20
20
1 Rate and Ratio
(b)
2
1
2
b
a
b a 2 : 1 : b a
3
2
2 3
c
b
c b
3 : 2 : c b
a : b = 1 : 2
b : c = 2 : 3
a : b : c = 1 : 2 : 3
(c)
2
5
5 2
b
a
b a
2 : 5 : b a
5
4
4 5
c
b
c b
5 : 4 : c b
a : b = 5 : 2
b : c = 4 : 5
a : b = 5 2 : 2 2
b : c = 4 : 5
a : b : c = 10 : 4 : 5
(d) 3 : 2
1
:
1
b a
and 4 : 3
1
:
1
c b
2
3
3
2
1
1
3 2
1 1

b
a
b
a
b a
3
4
4
3
1
1
4 3
1 1

c
b
c
b
c b
2 : 3 : b a
and
3 : 4 : c b
a : b = 3 : 2
b : c = 4 : 3
a : b = 3 2 : 2 2
b : c = 4 : 3
a : b : c = 6 : 4 : 3
25. 5 : 7 : 2 : : z y x
7 : 2 : y x
For 8 x ,
28
2
7
8
7
2 8
7 : 2 : 8
y
y
y
5 : 7 : 2 : : z y x
5 : 2 : z x
For 8 x ,
21
20
2
5
8
5
2 8
5 : 2 : 8
z
z
z Alternative Solution
20 : 28 : 8 4 5 : 4 7 : 4 2 5 : 7 : 2 : : z y x
For , 8 x we have
28 y
and
20 z
26. 3 : 5 : c a and 50 a
3 : 5 : 50 c
30
5
3
50
3
5 50
c
c
5 : 3 : c b and 30 c
5 : 3 30 : b
18
5
3
30
5
3
30
b
b
27. (a) Perimeter of the larger square
cm 32 cm 4 8
Perimeter of the smaller square
cm 24 cm 4 6
Perimeter of the larger square : perimeter of the smaller
square
3 : 4
8
24
:
8
32
cm 24 : cm 32
(b) Area of the larger square

2 2
cm 64 cm 8 8
Area of the smaller square
2 2
cm 36 cm 6 6
Area of the larger square : area of the smaller square
9 : 16
4
36
:
4
64
cm 36 : cm 64
2 2
28. Originally, fraction of the number of marbles that John had

4
1
3 1
1
Number of marbles that John had

25
4
1
100

Number of marbles that Jack had
75
25 100

After Jack gave 45 of his marbles to Joseph,
number of marbles that Jack had
30
45 75

number of marbles that Joseph had 45
22
1 Rate and Ratio
Johns marbles : Jacks marbles : Josephs marbles
9 : 6 : 5
5
45
:
5
30
:
5
25
45 : 30 : 25

29. Amys share : Alices share
3 : 6
3 1 : 3 2
1 : 2
Amys share : Angelas share

2 : 6
2 1 : 2 3
1 : 3
Amys share : Alices share : Angelas share

2 : 3 : 6
Amys share of chocolate
g 300
g 550
11
6
g 550
2 3 6
6
+ +
Alices share of chocolate

g 150
g 550
11
3
g 550
2 3 6
3
+ +
Angelas share of chocolate

g 100
g ) 150 300 550 (

30. (a) Let y be the number of stamps that Billy gets, then
the number of stamps that Ada gets y 2 and
the number of stamps that Candy gets
3
) 2 (
6
1 y
y .
Adas share : Billys share : Candys share
1 : 3 : 6
3
3
1
: 3 1 : 3 2
3
1
: 1 : 2
3
: : 2
y
y y
(b) Number of stamps that Ada gets
84
10
6
140
1 3 6
6
140

+ +

Number of stamps that Billy gets
42
10
3
140
1 3 6
3
140

+ +

Number of stamps that Candy gets
14
42 84 140

Number of stamps that Billy gets
42
84
2
1

Number of stamps that Candy gets
14
84
6
1

23
31. Let 5y be the number of female members in the club.
Then there are 6y male members in the club.
13
13 5 6

y
y y
Number of male members in the club
78
13 6

Number of female members in the club
65
13 5

Let x be the number of female members in the club.
Then there are (x + 13) male members in the club.
Male members : female members = 6 : 5
5 : 6 : ) 13 ( + x x
65
6 65 5
6 ) 13 ( 5
5
6 13
+
+
+
x
x x
x x
x
x
Number of female members in the club
65
Number of male members in the club
78
13 65
+
32. Let $S be the sum of money.
As share : Bs share = 7 : 5
The amount that A obtains S S
12
7
$
5 7
7
$
+

The amount that B obtains S S
12
5
$
5 7
5
$
+

B obtains $40 less than A.
240
2
12
40
40
12
2
40
12
5
12
7

S
S
S S
The sum of money is $240.
Let $y be the amount that A obtains.
Then B obtains ) 40 $( y .
As share : Bs share = 7 : 5
5 : 7 ) 40 ( : y y
140
280 2
280 7 5
) 40 ( 7 5
5
7
40
y
y
y y
y y
y
y
The amount that A obtains 140 $
The amount that B obtains
100 $ ) 40 140 $(
The sum of money
240 $
) 100 140 $(
+
33. (a) Amys share : Harrys share : Jills share 3 : 4 : 2
Fraction of candies that Amy gets
9
2
3 4 2
2
+ +
Let y be the total number of candies.

45
2
9
10
10
9
2

y
y
There are 45 candies in total.
(b) Fraction of candies that Harry gets
9
4
3 4 2
4
+ +
Number of candies that Harry gets 20

9
4
45
Number of candies that Jill gets
15 20 10 45
34. (a) Let W kg be the weight of the dog.
Then the weight of the cat kg
4
1
W and
the weight of the tortoise
kg
8
1
kg
4
1
2
1
W W
,
_
.
Weight of tortoise : weight of cat : weight of dog
8 : 2 : 1
8 1 : 8
4
1
: 8
8
1
kg : kg
4
1
: kg
8
1

W W W
(b) (i) Weight of the tortoise
kg 2.5
kg 20
8
1

(ii) Weight of the cat
kg 5
kg 20
4
1

Total weight of the three pets
kg 27.5
kg ) 5 5 . 2 20 (
+ +
35. Let y be the number of story books that Angie borrowed
from Leslie.
After borrowing the book,
the number of story books that Angie has y + 48 ,
the number of story books that Leslie has y 72 .
Angies books : Leslies books = 13 : 17
17 : 13 ) 72 ( : ) 48 ( + y y
4
120 30
13 936 17 816
) 72 ( 13 ) 48 ( 17
17
13
72
48
+
+
+
y
y
y y
y y
y
y
24
1 Rate and Ratio
Angie borrowed 4 story books from Leslie. 36. (a) Louis stickers : Steves stickers
2 : 3
28
56
:
28
84
56 : 84
(b) Let y be the number of stickers that Louis gives to

Steve. Then Louis and Steve have ) 84 ( y and
) 56 ( y + stickers respectively.
9 : 11 ) 56 ( : ) 84 ( + y y
7
20 140
11 616 9 756
) 56 ( 11 ) 84 ( 9
9
11
56
84
+
+
y
y
y y
y y
y
y
Number of stickers that Louis has
77 7 84
Number of stickers that Steve has
63 7 56 +
37. (a) Let y be the number of $2-coins that Mary has.
Value of $5-coins : value of $2-coins = 35 : 24
24 : 35 2 : 28 5 y
48
35
24
2
140
24
35
2
140
y
y
Mary has 48 $2-coins.
(b) Let t be the number of 50-coins that Mary has.
Value of $5-coins : value of 50-coins = 35 : 11
11 : 35 5 . 0 : 28 5 t
88
35
11
5 . 0
140
11
35
5 . 0
140
t
t
Mary has 88 50-coins.
Number of $5-coins : number of $2-coins : number
of 50-coins
22 : 12 : 7
4
88
:
4
48
:
4
28
88 : 48 : 28

Exercise 1C (p. 1.32)
Level 1
1.
m 22.5
m 5 . 1
6 . 1
24
tree the of Height
6 . 1
24
m 1.5
tree the of Height
25
figures are equal.
8 . 4
6
10
8
10
8
6
x
x
QR
BC
PS
AD
and
4 . 6
8
10
8
10
8
8
y
y
QR
BC
SR
DC
3. (a) The ratios of the corresponding lengths in similar
figures are equal.
3
4 . 2
2 . 3
4
3.2
4
2.4
x
x
PT
AE
PQ
AB
and
2 . 3
4
2 . 3
4
y
y
AE
PT
CD
RS
(b) The ratios of the corresponding lengths in similar
figures are equal.
cm 4
cm 5
4
2 . 3
4
2 . 3
cm 5
QT
QT
AE
PT
BE
QT
figures are equal.
2 . 3
4
12
6 . 9
12
6 . 9
4
x
x
and
8
10
12
6 . 9
12
6 . 9
10
y
y
26
1 Rate and Ratio
(b) Length of the larger house
cm 20 cm ) 4 12 4 ( + +
cm 16
cm 20
12
6 . 9
house smaller the of Length
12
6 . 9
cm 20
12
6 . 9
house larger the of Length
Height of the larger house

cm 14 cm ) 10 4 ( +
cm 11.2
cm 14
12
6 . 9
house smaller the of Height
12
6 . 9
cm 14
12
6 . 9
house larger the of Height
Dimensions of the paper

cm 11.2 cm 16
5. n : 1 km 4 : cm 2
n : 1 cm 000 400 : cm 2
000 200
000 400 2
1
000 400
2
n
n
n
The scale of the map is 1 : 200 000.
6. (a) Scale of the map
km 5 : cm 1
cm 000 500 : cm 1
000 500 : 1

(b) (i) Let x cm be the distance on the map.
x cm : 6 km = 1 cm : 5 km

2 . 1
6 5
5
1
6
x
x
x
The distance on the map is 1.2 cm.
(ii) Let y cm be the distance on the map.
y cm : 4600 m = 1 cm : 5 km
y cm : 4.6 km = 1 cm : 5 km

92 . 0
6 . 4 5
5
1
6 . 4
y
y
y
The distance on the map is 0.92 cm.
7. Actual length of the path
km 2
cm 000 200
cm 5 000 40

8. Actual length of the railway line
km 30.25
cm 000 025 3
cm 1 . 12 000 250

9. (a) Scale of the drawing
m 58 : cm 1
cm 5800 : cm 1
5800 : 1
(b) Actual height of the pyramid

m 145
m 58 5 . 2

10. Measured length of the selected cell =
cm 5 . 3
Actual length of the selected cell
mm 0.28
mm 08 . 0 5 . 3

11. Mark M be the mid-point of AB and N be the mid-point of
AD.
Then rectangle AMPN is similar to rectangle ABCD.
(or any other reasonable answers)
Level 2
12. Perimeter of quadrilateral ABCD
cm 22
cm ) 7 6 5 4 (
+ + +
The ratios of the corresponding lengths in similar
figures are equal.
cm 33
cm 22
6
9
ral quadrilate of Perimeter
6
9
cm 22
EFGH
EFGH
CD
GH
ABCD
EFGH
figures are equal.
cm 4
cm 6
3
2
cm 6
6
9
FC
FC
FC
DC
DC
BC
cm 5
cm ) 4 9 (

FC BC BF
27
A
B C
D
M
N
P
14. Actual length of the park
km 0.9
cm 000 90
cm 5 . 4 000 20

Actual width of the park
km 0.56
cm 000 56
cm 8 . 2 000 20

Actual area of the park
2
2
km 504 . 0
km 56 . 0 9 . 0

15. (a) Actual length of the living room
m 4.95
cm 495
cm 3 . 3 150

Actual width of the living room
m 3.45
cm 45 3
cm 3 . 2 150

(b) Actual area of the living room
2
2
m 0775 . 17
m 45 . 3 95 . 4

(c) The rate of the price of the carpet
2
2
/m 480 $
m 0775 . 17
2 . 8197 $
16. Actual length of the jogging trail

km 3.75
cm 000 375
cm 5 . 1 000 250

Time taken by Johnny to complete the trail
min 75
min 60 1.25
h 25 . 1
km/h 3
km 75 . 3
17. (a) Scale of the photo

250 : 1
8
2000
:
8
8
cm 2000 : cm 8
m 20 : cm 8
(b) Actual width of the base of the tower

m 6.25
cm 625
cm 5 . 2 250

Let t m be the actual width of the base of the tower.
8 cm : 20 m = 2.5 cm : t m
25 . 6
8
20
5 . 2
5 . 2
20
8
t
t
The actual width of the base of the tower is
6.25 m.
(c) Height of the tower on the sketch = 8 2 cm = 16 cm
Scale of the sketch
125 : 1
16
2000
:
16
16
cm 2000 : cm 16
m 20 : cm 16
18. Perimeter of the floor plan cm 11 cm ) ( 2 + b a ,

that is, 5 . 5 +b a . Take
'
5 . 2
3
b
a
or
'
2
5 . 3
b
a
.
28
1 Rate and Ratio
Scale = 1 : 150 = 1 cm : 150 cm = 1 cm : 1.5 m
'

m 3.75 m 5 . 1 5 . 2 width actual
m 4.5 m 5 . 1 3 length actual
or
'

m 3 m 5 . 1 2 width actual
m 5.25 m 5 . 1 5 . 3 length actual
Revision Exercise 1 (p. 1.38)
Level 1
1. (a) Speed of the car
km/h 120
h 3
km 360
(b) Speed of the car

m/s
3
1
33
s 60 60 3
m 1000 360
h 3
km 360
2. Number of days in January 2008 31

Amount of rice consumed by Lee family
kg 7.75
g 7750
g 250 31

3. Length of wire that needs to sell
km 140
m 000 140
/m 3 $
000 420 $
4. (a)
2
1
: 2 . 0
5 : 2
10 5 . 0 : 10 2 . 0
5 . 0 : 2 . 0
(b) 1.2 km : 240 cm

1 : 500
4 . 2
4 . 2
:
2.4
1200
m 2.4 : m 1200
(c) 3.2 hours : 1.5 days

45 : 4
8
360
:
8
32
360 : 32
10 36 : 10 3.2
36 : 3.2
h 24 1.5 : h 2 . 3

(d) 56 : 80 : 16
2 : 10 : 7
8
16
:
8
80
:
8
56
(e) 0.63 : 0.28 : 0.07

1 : 4 : 9
7
7
:
7
28
:
7
63
7 : 28 : 63
100 07 . 0 : 100 28 . 0 : 100 63 . 0

(f)
4
1
:
5
12
:
2
3
5 : 48 : 30
20
4
1
: 20
5
12
: 20
2
3

5. (a) 30 mm : 6000 cm
2000 : 1
3
6000
:
3
3
cm 6000 : cm 3
(b) 2.5 mm : 1 km
000 400 : 1
2.5
000 000 1
:
5 . 2
2.5
mm 000 000 1 : mm 5 . 2
(c) 0.45 cm : 18 m
4000 : 1
45
000 180
:
45
45
000 180 : 45
100 1800 : 100 0.45
cm 1800 : cm 45 . 0
6. (a) 5 : 15 : 9 x

3
15
5
9
5
15 9
x
x
(b) 2 : 5 : ) 6 ( x x +

4
12 3
5 12 2
5 ) 6 ( 2
2 5
6
+
+
+
x
x
x x
x x
x x
(c) 5 : 13 ) 8 ( : ) 8 ( + x x

18
144 8
104 13 40 5
) 8 ( 13 ) 8 ( 5
5
13
8
8
+
+
+
x
x
x x
x x
x
x
7. (a) a : b = 1 : 5
b : c = 2 : 7
a : b =
1

2
: 5 2
29
b : c = 2 5 : 7 5
a : b : c = 2 : 10 : 35
(b) a : b = 2 : 3
a : c = 4 : 9
a : b = 2 2 : 3 2
a : c = 4 : 9
a : b : c = 4 : 6 : 9
(c)
3
2
2
3
2
3
1
1
2 3
1 1
2 : 3
1
:
1
b
a
a
b
b
a
b a
b a
3 : 2 : b a
5
4
4
5
4
5
1
1
4 5
1 1
4 : 5
1
:
1
c
a
a
c
c
a
c a
c a
5 : 4 : c a
a : b = 2 : 3
a : c = 4 : 5
a : b = 2 2 : 3 2
a : c = 4 : 5
a : b : c = 4 : 6 : 5
8. Number of coupons without prizes 20 5 25
Number of coupons with prizes : number of coupons
without prizes
4 : 1
20 : 5
9. (a) Number of athletes who qualify : total number of

athletes
32 : 25
160 : 125
(b) Number of athletes who do no qualify

35 125 160
Number of athletes who do not qualify : total number
of athletes
32 : 7
160 : 35
(c) Number of athletes who qualify : number of athletes

who do not qualify
7 : 25
35 : 125
10. Price of a can of soft drink in supermarket B

8 . 2 $
8
4 . 22 $
Price of a can of soft drink in supermarket A : price of a can

of soft drink in supermarket B
4 : 5
28 : 35
10 8 . 2 : 10 5 . 3
$2.8 : 5 . 3 $
11. Fraction of members in the choir who are male

5
2
3 2
2
Number of male members in the choir

12
5
2
30

Number of female members in the choir
18
12 30

12. Fraction of weight of alloy which is copper
25
11
14 11
11
Weight of copper in the alloy

g 880
g 2000
25
11
kg 2
25
11

Weight of zinc in the alloy
g 1120
g ) 880 2000 (

13. Fraction of the sum of angles of triangle which is the largest
angle
15
7
7 5 3
7
+ +
Size of the largest angle

84
180
15
7
14. Scale of the map
000 150 : 1
4
000 600
:
4
4
cm 000 600 : cm 4
km 6 : cm 4
15. Let x km be the actual distance between the two points.

3 cm : x km = 1 : 2 500 000
30
1 Rate and Ratio

75
000 100
000 500 2 3
000 500 2
1
000 100
3
x
x
The actual distance between the two points is 75 km.
16. Let $x be the cost of the cheaper computer.
$x : $8400 = 5 : 7

6000
7
5
8400
7
5
8400
x
x
The cost of the cheaper computer is $6000.
17. Let x be the smaller number.
Then the larger number is x + 52.
7 : 3 ) 52 ( : + x x
39
156 4
156 3 7
) 52 ( 3 7
7
3
52
+
+
+
x
x
x x
x x
x
x
The smaller number
39
The larger number
91 52 39 +
figures are equal.
16
12
3
4
3
4
12
x
x
RS
CD
PS
AD
and
24
4
3
32
3
4 32
y
y
RS
CD
QR
BC
and
15
4
3
20
3
4 20
z
z
RS
CD
SK
DH
(b) Area of ABCD
2 2
cm 480 cm
2
) 32 16 ( 20
Area of PQRS
2 2
cm 270 cm
2
) 24 12 ( 15
Area of ABCD : area of PQRS

31
9 : 16
30
270
:
30
480
cm 270 : cm 480
2 2
19. Amys mark : Billys mark : Candys mark

78 : 52 : 39
13 6 : 13 4 : 13 3
6 : 4 : 3
Amys mark
39
, Billys mark
52
and
Candys mark
78
Amys mark : Billys mark : Candys mark
84 : 56 : 42
14 6 : 14 4 : 14 3
6 : 4 : 3
Amys mark =
42
, Billys mark =
56
and Candys
mark =
84
20. Let Harry gets x $2-coins and y $5-coins.
They have the same ratio of number of $2-coins to
number of $5-coins.
One way is to assume that Amy gets 2x $2-coins and 2y
$5-coins.
Total number of $2-coins x x x 3 2 +
Total number of $5-coins y y y 3 2 +
Total value of coins
) 15 6 $( 3 5 $ 3 2 $ y x y x + +
100 $
57 $ )] 3 ( 15 ) 2 ( 6 $[
<
+
We can take 2 x and 3 y .
Amy gets 4 $2-coins and 6 $5-coins, and
Harry gets 2 $2-coins and 3 $5-coins.
Level 2
21. Time required for Mary walking to school from home
min 20
min
60
1200
s 1200
m/s 1
m 1000 2 . 1
Mary arrives at her school at 7:35 a.m.

22. (a) Total charge for parking 3 hours
60 $
) 10 50 $(
+
Average parking rate
/h 20 $
h 3
60 $
(b) Let y h be the number of parking hours.

5
6 30
16 20 10 50
16 ) 2 ( 10 50
+
+
y
y
y y
y y
The number of parking hours is 5 hours.
32
1 Rate and Ratio
23. Let b cm be the height of the model of building B.
18 cm : b cm = 216 m : 336 m
28
216
336
18
336
216 18
b
b

The height of the model of building B is 28 cm.
Let c cm be the height of the model of building C.
18 cm : c cm = 216 m : 402 m
5 . 33
216
402
18
402
216 18
c
c

The height of the model of building C is 33.5 cm.
Sum of the heights of the three models
cm 79.5
cm ) 5 . 33 28 18 (
+ +
Sum of the actual heights of the three buildings
m 954
m ) 402 336 216 (
+ +
cm 5 . 79
cm 954
216
18
models 3 of heights the of Sum
m 216
cm 18
m 954
of height actual
model of height
buildings 3 of heights actual the of Sum
A
A
24. Let x be the number of marbles that Sarah gives to Kelvin.
21 : 13 ) 48 ( : ) 32 ( x x
6
48 8
13 624 21 672
) 48 ( 13 ) 32 ( 21
21
13
48
32
x
x
x x
x x
x
x
Sarah gives 6 marbles to Kelvin.
25. (a) Number of purple dresses : number of pink dresses
20 : 8
4 5 : 4 2
5 : 2
Number of pink dresses : number of yellow dresses

15 : 20
5 3 : 5 4
3 : 4
Number of purple dresses : number of pink dresses :

number of yellow dresses 15 : 20 : 8
Number of yellow dresses : number of pink dresses :
number of purple dresses
8 : 20 : 15
33
(b) Number of yellow dresses
75
8 20 15
15
215
+ +

Number of pink dresses
100
8 20 15
20
215
+ +

Number of purple dresses
40 100 75 215
26. Let x be the total number of stamps in the beginning.
Number of stamps that Ann gets before sharing with her
brother
3
2
2 1
2 x
x
+

Number of stamps that Anns brother gets
15
4
2 3
2
3
2 x x
+

Anns brother gets 8 stamps.
30
4
15
8
8
15
4
x
x
There are 30 stamps in the beginning.
27. (a) Let x words per minute be the typing speed of Chris.
45 words per min : x words per min = 9 : 10
50
9
10
45
10
9 45
x
x
Chris typing speed is 50 words per minute.
Total number of words in the entire document
475
5 50 5 45
+
(b) Time taken by Collin : time taken by Chris
9 : 10
450
50
1
: 450
45
1
50
1
:
45
1
50
2
475
:
45
2
475

figures are equal.
9
10
5
9
2
9
2
5
x
x
and
5 . 4
5 . 1
2
6
2
6
5 . 1
y
y
34
1 Rate and Ratio
29. By the map of scale 1 : 25 000, actual length of the road
= 25 000a cm.
By the map of scale 1 : 75 000, actual length of the road
= 75 000b cm.
1
3
000 25
000 75
000 75 000 25
b
a
b a

1 : 3 : b a
30. Actual distance between villages P and Q
km 1.2
km/h 24 h
60
3

Scale of the map
000 15 : 1
8
000 120
:
8
8
cm 000 120 : cm 8
km 1.2 : cm 8
31. (a) Let x km be the actual distance between city A and

city B.
2 cm : 9 km = 5 cm : x km

5 . 22
2
9
5
5
9
2
km
cm 5
km 9
cm 2
x
x
x
The actual distance between city A and city B is
22.5 km.
(b) Johnnys riding speed
km/h 27
h
60
50
km 5 . 22
min 50
km 5 . 22
32. (a) Actual dimensions of the plot

km 0.35 km 25 . 0
cm 000 35 cm 000 25
cm 7(5000) cm ) 5000 ( 5

(b)
cm 5
cm 3
cm 7
cm 5
Floor plan (II) is not a correct reduction of the

original floor plan.
cm 3.5
cm 5 . 2
cm 2) (7
cm 2) 5 (
cm 7
cm 5
One possible correct reduction is the dimensions

2.5 cm 3.5 cm.
35
33. (a) Measured length of the floor plan = 4 cm
Measured width of the floor plan = 3 cm
Actual length of the flat
m 10
cm 1000
cm 4 250

Actual width of the flat
m 7.5
cm 750
cm 3 250

Actual area of the flat
2
2
m 75
m 5 . 7 10

(b) Number of tiles bought 160
50 $
8000 $

Area of each tile
2 2
cm 625 cm 25 25
Area that can be covered by tiles
2
2
2
2
m 75
m 10
cm 000 100
cm 625 160
<

Room A cannot be completely covered by the tiles.
34. Let 4k be the length of the side of the smaller cube.
Then the length of the side of the larger cube is 5k.
Total surface area of the smaller cube
2
96 ) 4 )( 4 ( 6 k k k
Total surface area of the larger cube
2
150 ) 5 )( 5 ( 6 k k k
Ratio of their total surface areas
25 : 16
6
150
:
6
96
150 : 96
2 2
k k
35. Let x and y be the numbers of stamps that Amy and Billy
originally have respectively.
After Billy gives 20 stamps to Amy,
number of stamps that Amy has 20 + x
number of stamps that Billy has 20 y
5 : 3 ) 20 ( : ) 20 ( + y x

5
160 3
160 3 5
60 3 100 5
) 20 ( 3 ) 20 ( 5
5
3
20
20

+
+
+
y
x
y x
y x
y x
y
x
Two possible pairs of solutions for x and y are
'
40
120
x
y
or
'
100
220
x
y
Originally,
Amy has 40 stamps and Billy has 120 stamps; or
Amy has 100 stamps and Billy has 220 stamps.
36. The following table lists all the combinations for scoring at
most 18 marks (the least mark scored is zero):
Number of
correct
answers
Number of
wrong
answers
Number
of no
responses
Total
mark
3 1 6 4
3 2 5 3
3 3 4 2
3 4 3 1
3 5 2 0
4 1 5 9
4 2 4 8
4 3 3 7
4 4 2 6
4 5 1 5
5 1 4 14
5 2 3 13
5 3 2 12
5 4 1 11
6 2 2 18
6 3 1 17
(Accept any two continued ratios from the above table.)
Challenging Questions (p. 1.41)
1. (a) (i) Amount of inheritance obtains by the eldest son
000 300 2 $
60
23
000 000 6 $
23 21 16
23
000 000 6 $

+ +

(ii) Amount of inheritance obtains by the eldest son
000 240 2 $
75
28
000 000 6 $
) 5 23 ( ) 5 21 ( ) 5 16 (
) 5 23 (
000 000 6 $

+ + + + +
+

(b) Let Mr Chan passes away k years later.
Amount of inheritance obtains by the eldest son
,
_
+
+
+ + + + +
+

k
k
k k k
k
3 60
23
000 000 6 $
) 23 ( ) 21 ( ) 16 (
) 23 (
000 000 6 $
Amount of inheritance obtains by the youngest son
,
_
+
+
+ + + + +
+

k
k
k k k
k
3 60
16
000 000 6 $
) 23 ( ) 21 ( ) 16 (
) 16 (
000 000 6 $
36
1 Rate and Ratio
Hence,
12
36 3
96 3 60
3 60
4375
000 60 7
4375
3 60
7
000 60
4375
3 60
) 16 ( ) 23 (
000 60
500 437
3 60
16
000 000 6
3 60
23
000 000 6
+
+

,
_
1
]
1
+
+ +

,
_
+
+

,
_
+
+
k
k
k
k
k
k
k k
k
k
k
k
The age of the second son when Mr Chan passed
away is 21 + 12, that is 33.
2. To complete the job alone,
As working rate
job/day
12
1
days 12
job 1

Bs working rate
job/day
18
1
days 18
job 1

Cs working rate
job/day
24
1
days 24
job 1

Besides,
As working days : Bs working days 3 : 1
Bs working days : Cs working days
6 : 3
2 : 1
As working days : Bs working days : Cs working days

6 : 3 : 1
Let y be the total number of working days for completing the
job.
The part of job completed by A
job
120
job
12
1
6 3 1
1
y
y
+ +

The part of job completed by B
job
60
job
18
1
6 3 1
3
y
y
+ +

The part of job completed by C
job
40
job
24
1
6 3 1
6
y
y
+ +

20
120 3 2
1
40 60 120
+ +
+ +
y
y y y
y y y
It takes 20 working days to complete the job.
37

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1 Rate and Ratio

1 Rate and Ratio

2. Average speed of Mr Lees car

3. Distance travelled by the bird

4. Time needed to travel 425 km

(b) The required rate

(c) The required rate

(d) The required rate

(b) Speed of the boat

Quick Practice 1.2 (p. 1.6)

(b) Amount that Winnie needs to pay

Jill can finish 50 pieces of paper flowers for a party

(b) 0.36 : 0.9

Quick Practice 1.5 (p. 1.13)

(b) Number of green beans 60 16 76

(c) Number of red beans : number of green beans

Quick Practice 1.8 (p. 1.15)

(b) Plant As height : plant Cs height

(c) Plant Bs height : plant Cs height

Amys share : Bobs share : Catherines share = 1 : 3 : 9

Let t be the total number of tiles.

A piece of paper with dimensions 8 cm 12 cm is not

(b) Price of 30 eggs

= Jennys swimming rate

(b) Capacity of half of the water tank

Time required to discharge half tank of water

Further Practice (p. 1.15)

Mrs Chows hourly wage : Mrs Chins hourly wage

4. Let $y be the price of the dress.

Let y hours be the lunch time of the school.

(b) Amount of calcium compound : amount of magnesium

(c) Amount of magnesium compound : amount of zinc

For scale 1 : 25 000, length on scale drawing = 8 cm,

For length on the scale drawing = 2 cm

For length on the scale drawing = 6 cm

(b) Let x cm be the distance between the two cities on the

2. Ellens answering rate

3. The workers wage

4. Weight of potato chips

5. Exchange rate for HKD and USD

7. The rent of the flat

8. Yvonnes typing rate

9. Cost of the fish

The 8 kg-pack of rice is cheaper.

(ii) Bills cycling speed

Joeys cycling speed > Billys cycling speed

> 0.25 km/min

(ii) Price of barbecued pork in Hong Kong

(b) Price of barbecued pork in Singapore

It is not cheaper to buy barbecued pork in

It is cheaper to buy barbecued pork in Hong Kong.

(b) Price of one-and-a-half dozens oranges

(b) Amount of RMB that we can exchange

(b) Time needed by Mary to finish 66 pages

17. (a) Mr Fungs running speed

(b) Distance ran by Mr Fung in 18 minutes

Mr Fung cannot finish a 3-km race in 18 minutes.