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Study Guide Test 3
Study Guide Test 3
Study Guide Test 3
Learning
concepts to know
successive approximations Small steps, one after the other, that produces results closer to the goal
behavior.
Behavior that eventually ceases after a period of time once the
Extinction reinforcement of the stimulus has stopped.
spontaneous recovery Recurrence of conditioned response at some point after extinction has
occurred.
Antecedents Event that proceeds a response
Period of extinction Amount of time it takes to not have the learned response after the
stimulus has stopped
desensitization Exposure to feared stimuli in a gradual process to eventually remove the
fear.
vicarious learning Learn by watching others. Do not have to experience it for ones self.
superstition Behavior that is repeated to produce desired results, even though it is not
necessary.
generalization and Generalization – response to stimuli that are similar, but not the same.
discrimination (bells – phone, doorbell, timer. Different bell sounds produces same
result.)
schedule of reinforcements Varying the time between rewards to teach desired response.
variable and fixed ratios and FR fixed ratio. Based on a number of responses. (commission based on
intervals number produced)
token reinforcement, Tangible secondary reinforcement (star on board, poker chips, game
token)
token economy The use of tokens to modify a behavior.
observational learning: Learning by watching and paying attention.
attention, memory, 1. attention: learn by paying attention to something. (which utensil
imitation, motivation to use at a fancy dinner party.)
2. memory: retain the information gained by paying attention.
3. imitation: reproduce the actions learned.
4. motivation: desire to reproduce that action which was learned.
romantic love : personal attraction along with high emotional connection/sexual drive
actor observer bias Tendency to attribute the behavior of others to internal causes. (judging
the character of another based on behavior) while at the same time
contributing your own actions to external influences (justifying your own
actions while judging the other person for the same behaviors)
compliance: bending to requests of person who has little/no authority over you.
ethnocentrism: placing one’s own group in the center and judging all others by own
standards