Zimbabwe

Phase: Control. Impact: Insufficiently consistent data to assess trends.

African Region
Zambia
2011 6 380 000 0 6 380 000 12 760 000 % 50 0 50

I. Epidemiological profile
Population (UN Population Division) High transmission (1 case per 1000 population) Low transmission (0-1 cases per 1000 population) Malaria-free (0 cases) Total Parasites and vectors Major plasmodium species: P. falciparum (100%), P. vivax (0%) Major anopheles species: An. gambiae, arabiensis, funestus

Mozambique Botswana

Insucient data

00.1

0.11.0

1.010

PR

Distribution of confirmed malaria cases (per 1000 population)

>75 0

II. Intervention policies and strategies

Intervention WHO-recommended policies/strategies ITN/LLIN IRS IPT ITNs/LLINs distributed free of charge ITNs/LLINs distributed to all age groups IRS is recommended DDT is used for IRS IPT used to prevent malaria during pregnancy Yes/ Year No adopted No No Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes No 1948 2004 1997 2008 2008 1998 Expenditure by intervention in 2011 Insecticides & spray materials ITNs Diagnostics Antimalarial medicines Monitoring and evaluation 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Human resources & technical assistance Management and other costs Therapeutic efficacity tests (therapeutic or parasitological failure, %) Medicine AL Year 20072007 No. of studies 3 Min Median 0 0 Max 1.9 Follow-up 28 days Antimalaria policy First-line treatment of unconfirmed malaria First-line treatment of P. falciparum For treatment failure of P. falciparum Treatment of severe malaria Treatment of P. vivax Medicine AL AL QN QN Year adopted 2004 2004 2004 2004

Case Patients of all ages should receive diagnostic test management RDTs used at community level ACT is free for all ages in public sector Pre-referral treatment with recommended medicines Marketing authorization for all oral artemisinin-based monotherapies withdrawn III.

Financing
30 25 20 15 10 5 0

Government and external financing

IV.
100 80

Contribution (US$m)

Others Government* Global Fund World Bank USAID/PMI WHO/UNICEF * Expenditure: costs for sub-national level, health systems, human resources, etc not included.

Coverage

Coverage of ITN and IRS

100 80

Cases tested and ACT delivered: Programme data (public sector)

Population (%)

60 40 20 0

Cases (%) 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 At risk protected with IRS Modelled % of households 1 ITN With access to an ITN in household All ages who slept under an ITN Malaria test positivity rate and ABER Cases and deaths rate (log) ABER (%)

60 40 20 0

2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 Suspected cases tested Cases potentially treated with any antimalarial P.falciparum cases potentially treated with ACT

V.

Impact

Microscopically confirmed cases, admissions and deaths (per 100 000)

1 000 100 10 1 0.1 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011

80 10 70 8 60 50 6 40 4 30 20 2 10 0 0 2000 2001 2002 2003 2004 2005 2006 2007 2008 2009 2010 2011 ABER (Micr. & RDT) RDT posivity rate Slide positivity rate

Positivity rate (%)

Admissions

Deaths

Conrmed cases

world malaria report 2012 | 193