AVATAR TRAINING

LESSON 5: MITOSIS & MEIOSIS

LESSON 5: MITOSIS & MEIOSIS

COPYING A CELL

MAKING SEX CELLS

WHY MAKE NEW CELLS? NEW CELLS = NEW LIFE

The production of more cells is essential to creating offspring (babies) and replacing old, damaged cells.

BUT WAIT!
Before we move on Its important to remember that this is an introduction to chromosomes and DNA. We will be looking at the way most Plant and Animal cells reproduce but there are more types of life out there, and copying their cells doesnt always work the same!

HOW ARE NEW CELLS MADE? DNA IS A CELL PLANNER

Found in the Nucleus of a cell, DNA provides instructions for how a cell should grow.

HOW ARE NEW CELLS MADE? CHROMOSOMES ARE DNA PACKAGES

When its time for DNA to be copied and split into two cells, it takes the shape of a Chromosome to make the movement less tangled.

HOW ARE NEW CELLS MADE? EACH CHROMOSOME/DNA STRAND CONTAINS MANY GENES

Each gene in a chromosome is responsible for building or maintaining a specific part of an organisms body. This blue band might be a gene to build your skin color. This orange band might control whether you are left or right-handed
(Usually things arent quite this simple, though.)

HUMAN CHROMOSOMES (23 PAIRS)

BEAR TRAP!

Which of the following contains the ALL of the instructions for how a cell should be created? A. B. C. D. Chromosomes Genes Cytoplasm Cell Wall

SWINGING AXE TRAP!

Plant cells contain chromosomes.

A. True B. False
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HOW ARE NEW CELLS MADE? TWO TYPES OF CELLS

In most animals and plants there are two types of cells

BODY CELLS!

SEX CELLS!

and both types of cells are made in different way, and perform different functions.

BODY CELLS VS. SEX CELLS

Body cells are used to create all the parts that make up an organism.
NERVE CELL

Sex cells are used to create new offspring through sexual reproduction.
SPERM CELL

BONE CELL EGG CELL

MUSCLE CELL

BUT WAIT!
Before we move on Youll notice that all of the cells mentioned previously were human body cells However, ALL organisms are made of cells. All organisms have BODY CELLS. Only organisms that sexually reproduce have SEX CELLS.

LESSON 5: MITOSIS & MEIOSIS

COPYING A CELL

MAKING SEX CELLS

MITOSIS VS. MEIOSES

MITOSIS making a perfect* copy of a body cell.

MEIOSIS making a sex cell.

Begins like this

Begins like this

MITOSIS VS. MEIOSES

MITOSIS making a perfect* copy of a body cell.

MEIOSIS making a sex cell.

Ends like this

Ends like this

Whats the product of meiosis?

A. B. C. D.

2 cells with full sets of chromosomes. 2 cells with half sets of chromosomes. 4 cells with full sets of chromosomes. 4 cells with half sets of chromosomes.

Whats the product of mitosis?

A. B. C. D.

2 cells with full sets of chromosomes. 2 cells with half sets of chromosomes. 4 cells with full sets of chromosomes. 4 cells with half sets of chromosomes.

MITOSIS VS. MEIOSES

MITOSIS making a perfect* copy of a body cell.

MEIOSIS making a sex cell.

Chromosomes Copy

Chromosomes Swap

MITOSIS VS. MEIOSES

MITOSIS making a perfect* copy of a body cell. Why Mitosis? To quickly replace old and dying cells.

MEIOSIS making a sex cell.

Why Meiosis? To mix the genes of two parents, giving the best of both to the offspring.

CUDDLY HAMSTER TRAP!

Chromosomes are different in sex cells and body cells. Which of the following is the only way that they are similar? A. They both have cross-over. B. They both have a single chromosome C. They both are made of DNA.

CHEESEMAN CHALLENGE!

You need two sex cells in order to create a full set of DNA. A. True B. False
[Default] [MC Any] [MC All]