Section 8: Dimensioning Identification

PURPOSE
This section aims to enable the student to extend their knowledge of Drawing
Interpretation from Engineering Drawings produced to AS1100 standard.
Objectives
At the end of this section you should be able to:
D Interpret information on detail drawings of engineering components.
D Interpret information on detail drawings of engineering assemblies.
Completion guidance
The work may need to be completed inside and outside the classroom if the majority of
exercises are attempted.
MEC076 Engineering Drawing Interpretation 1
Resource Package
December, 1998 118
I MEC076 - 8 - 1 I
h " it J
Dimensioning identification
To cover this section the student needs to study the following sheets and be able to
recognise and understand what the following dimensions are depicting.
Linear dimensions
Angular dimensions
Radii
Diameter
Not to scale dimension -
Auxiliary dimensions
Reference dimension
Common feature
Tabular presentation
Squares
Hexagons
Holes
Screw threads
Tapers
MEC076 Engineering Drawing Interpretation 1
Resource Package
December, 1998
horizontal, vertical or oblique straight dimensions
indication of angle in degrees, minutes and seconds or decimal
measure as required.
method used to indicate a rounded part.
method used to indicate a circle, often a hole.
method of showing that a dimension is not to the scale shown
on the drawing. A thick line is shown under the dimension.
method of showing a dimension that can be calculated using
existing dimensions shown on the drawing. A dimension that is
basically not necessary but handy to have. They are not
toleranced in any way and are enclosed in parenthesis.
another name for auxiliary dimension.
method of dimensioning a feature that repeats itself. that is,
R5 TYP (a casting has radii of 5mm on all corners typical)
a particular shape that comes in a range of sizes. That is,
angle iron. (See example of varying size pins to the right).
designated by drawing a small square beside the dimension
which gives the distance across the flats.
designated by the abbreviation Hex. Note: a hexagon can either
be dimensioned across the flats (AF) or across the corners
(AC). That is, Hex. 5mm AF. Hex. 86mm AC. Usually AF, but
always be alert.
things to be noted here are the shape of the hole, how it is to be
produced (drilled, drilled and reamed, punched, broached etc.),
whether it is blind, (does not go all the way through the
material) or through hole (goes all the way through the
material).
things to be noted here are the shape of the thread (vee,
square, acme, buttress, etc.), diameter, tapping size and pitch,
as well as be aware that there are many different thread
systems incorporating the old imperial threads as well as
metric and special threads.
method of dimensioning tapers. Refer to the particular symbol
Profile
Datum
o
R
D
S0
SR
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119
used here.
method of dimensioning a shape that does not have a constant
curve or taper.
an edge, face, centre line, centre of hole etc. from which all
dimensions are taken.
Part millimetres
No.
A B C D E
1 10 20 30 15 42
2 10 20 35 15 47
3 10 20 30 12 40
4 10 20 35 12 45
5 12 25 40 20 55
6 12 25 50 20 65
n that is manufactured in 6 different sizes.
Indicate5 that a dimen5ion refer5 to the diameter of a circle or cylinder, It 5hall be placed in front of
the dimension.
Indicate5 that a dimen5ion refer,; to a radiu5 of part of a circle or cylinder. It 5hall be placed in front
of the dimen5ion.
Indicate5 that a dimen5ion refer5 to the width acr055 flaw of a 5quare 5ection. It 5hall be placed in
front of the dimen5ion.
Indicate5 a taper and it5 direction. The centre-line5 5hall be parallel with the axi5 or plane of
5ymmetry of the tapered feature. It 5hall be placed in front of the 510pe ratio.
Indicate5 a 510pe and it5 direction. The ba5e 5hall be parallel to the datum plane. It 5hall be placed in
front of the 510pe ratio.
Indicate5 the centre-line of a part, feature, Or group of feature5. It 5hall be located adjacent to, or on
the centre-line. .
Indicate5 the diameter of a 5pherical 5urface. It 5hall be placed in front of the dimen5ion.
Indicate5 the radiu5 of a 5pherical 5urface. It 5hall be placed in front of the dimen5ion.
I MEC076 - 8 - 2 I
Dimensions
This section sets out the recommended methods used when dimensioning drawings, so that they will conform to the
Australian Standards drawing practice ASll00
Notes:




R10
The drawn outlines indicate the shape of an object. The dimensions indicate its size.
Only those dimensions necessary for making the object should be shown on the drawing.
All dimensions should be shown on the drawing once only.
Dimensions should be shown on the view where the detail is seen clearest as an outline.
70
,--_8 holes 07
equispaced
135
Splice plate
49
75
7
40
=
t
50
30AlF
hr
6 holes 05---'
Adjusting plate
R15
24
210
R15
R15
Hex 12A1F
The dimensions on these views are all unidirectional (read in one direction)
MEC076 Engineering Drawing Interpretation 1
Resource Package
December, 1998
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120
..---R5typ
30
40
28
5
5
6 holes 08
on 30 FeD
.e I /'S. 1---010
'- "$-"
. I
30
54
MEC076-8- 3 1
Projection and dimension lines
Po;,,,, f
must touch the
projection line
Projection line J
These go to within
lmm of part being
dimensionsd
Location of dimensions
A Horizontal dimensions are
placed above and in the centre
of the dimension line.
B Vertical dimensions are placed
above and in the centre of the
dimension line, usually when
seen from the right hand side
of the drawing sheet.
C Angular dimensions.
Dimensioning small spaces
Two common methods are shown
for sizes 2 and 3.
MEC076 Engineering Drawing Interpretation 1
Resource Package
December, 1998
Dimensioning radii
The leader line should be in
line with the centre of the
arc. The methods shown may
vary
,,-Outline of object
L
1mm
g
a
p
on CAD.
lmm extension
Dimension line
Dimension lines
Dimensioning diameters
I
spaced to suit
figures and clarity The method shown may
vary on CAD.
Dimensions relating to a
datum line or surface
Application

I I
0]
1 .
60
.1
430
0
I
Auxiliary dimensions
I
I
These are dimensions used as
---------6)--------
a guide only. Often they are
- \-
overall sizes. They are shown in
I
parenthesis. Example (60)
I
I
Dimensions not to scale
2 4() I 4()
f--3 If part of a drawing is not to
I I I
the correct scale it should be
highlighted by underlining.
Example 0 10, 0 35, 045.
ti " iI 'II
121
Application
R16
...- .............
{2
l\(
R12 R8
-0- Vfj-
->

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{B '1>

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- t- - Vioo-)-

Datum


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-<b- -<b- ->
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1100
-
100
150
I
F0
150 150
15 35 10
I
,-

t=
1---- ------_. --

(60) I
I MEC076 - 8 - 4 I
Position of dimensions and projection lines
Rule (applies in most cases)
1. Dimensions should be kept
outside the view if possible,
there are times when it is
better for clarity to put the
dimensions on the view.
2. Do not repeat dimensions on
the drawings.
Length of item will be shown
on either front view or top
view, not on both.
3. (A) Do not use centre lines
as dimension lines, they
may be used as
projection lines
(B) Dimension lines should
not be projection of a
surface.
4. Do Not use outlines as
dimensioning lines.
MEC076 Engineering Drawing Interpretation 1
Resource Package
December. 1998
Incorrect
35
~
{[J]
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21
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{g
1
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24
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$ ~
~
- ~ A C
B
-(
1-
Correct
Rule (applies in most cases)
5A Dimension lines and
I .
35
I
projection lines should not
cross one another.
3
Note: 1. Smallest dimension should
be placed nearest the outline
progressing to largest
dimension on the outside.
2. Centre lines can be extended
to act as projection lines
when dimensioning.
[J]
I
24
I
5B Projection lines can cross
g3

one another.
I
12
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6. Do not dimension features
shown by hidden outlines.
~ &
Only dimension features
~
shown by outlines if
'<;1-
possible.
7. When the note "dimensions
are in millimetres" appears
it is not necessary to show
the millimetre sign with the
dimensions.
I I
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122
Incorrect Correct
,-
4-
4--;-
4- 4-
- -
4-
4--
1
- ~
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Poor Much better
r-L
I---
-
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-
'-- _.
Df
- -
- -
- -
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1--- _. I
-c?--
- -
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- -
1--- -
---::: .
-
Note not shown Note shown
E
E a
a to
to
I
100mm
I I .
100
I-

ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMETRES
MEC076 - 8 - 5
Dimensioning
Linear pitches
Holes can be pitched along a straight line. It is called a pitch line and drawn as a centre line.
Various methods are in use to dimension the pitch.
Examples:
Method 1
Method 2
Method 3
Methods 3, 4 and 5 overcome
accumulative errors.
Method 4
Method 5
:MEC076 Engineering Drawing Interpretation 1
Resource Package
December, 1998
-H-+-+-?-+i-l--
1 S;;Q 1 5 pitches @ 75 - 375 .1
-H-+-+-?-+-1-j-
1 1,75.1,75.1.75.1.75.1.75.1
-I---ck- -dr -4- -'-- Eh- - ----ck-I-
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?nn
275
350
425
-f-<k- 4 --b -.Jr -Ek- -<k-j-
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-H-+-+-?-+-1-j-
.1 .1 .1 .1 .1 .1
a a
to
a
2
a
to
t<)
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123
Circular pitches
Holes can be pitched around a circle called a pitch circle which is scribed as a circle or part
circle from a centre. The diameter of the circle is designated as the pitch circle diameter or
PCD.
Examples:
3 holes.08
$(
equispaced
_Ion 34PCD
..-- ,
/ "-
/ ,

/ /' -T-f)9r.038
I 1 I
, 1 \
_ ___ 1 ___ ---1_.

, /
--
, \
\

\
\0" '.( I /
-...J_--
I
Method 1
4 holes .09 equispaced
on 38 fCD position as
shown
Method 2
This may be called a pitch
circle radius or fCR ..-- _ -$
S
hOles.0//,- I
/ i
C--6 R48 i
25T 1

5 holes .06.5
equispaced
Method 3
15
0

34 fCD \..-- _!
/ I / "-
/ ,
, " \

.09
Method 4 Method 5
MEC076-8i]
Exercise 8-1
Dimensioning
The following drawings of components contain some dimensions that are incorrectly shown with regard to AS 1100
Draw a circ e around, or highlight any dimension that is incorrecty shown, or could be considered a poor choice of position.
MEC076 Engineering Drawing Interpretation 1
Resource Package
December, 1998
0
N
L--

20
30
100
1
020
1
lt10 R
'-
I
1
140
80
60

'/
20
100

---------------------
...l
1
I \50
c-/---
1
0
1"-
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/
t<)
130
50 Dia

0
t<)
0
\0
1-
10

'<I'
lO
\0
", iI:O
124
30
r
12 Holes 104
IE 6
15

24
,2 holes 810
o
N
o
\ 15
1V-i5
0

------
E
4
t
I
. i 1.6mm
. I.
110
6mm
I MEC076 - 8 - 7
Datum
Datums are used to:
Prevent tolerance growth during marking out and manufacturing
To keep important dimensions relative to a certain position
Datums may be edges or centre lines (shown below).
The symbol for a datum is a filled in triangle (A). This is placed on the datum line
as shown. A letter inside a circle provides a reference for the datum.
A
B
5
5
MEC076 Engineering Drawing Interpretation 1
Resource Package
December. 1998
-- --dr-
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---$-
40
4O@----4
40
[t hole,;
15 15
.06 I
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--<--$
J -<P----i---- Q [
-Ej} ~ -
A
10 10
30 30
45 45
R5
3 holesRJ 6
LR
5
}
1b
'r
o
J
1f 2
-r
o
Exercise 8-2
May be completed freehand or on a drawing board. Use a pencil so you can correct any errors.
The plate below is dimensioned randomly. Dimension the blank drawing below it using the left
hand side and the bottom edge as datums.
5 35 20
/ 7 holes RJ6
/
~ - - - - - - - ----e$
~ - - - - - - - ~ ~ - - - - - e -
a;,
~ - - - - -(() - - - - ~
m
; ~
R5
10 20 20 35 5 10
-
r
~ - - - - - - - - - - ~
~ ___ ___ -k ___
c----e-
;
~ - - - - ----
- - ~
,,'aJ
MEC076 - 8 - 8 I
125
Multi-view dimensioning
Each dimension should appear on one view only



All horizontal dimensions should be readable from the bottom of the sheet
All vertical dimensions should be readable from the right side of the sheet
All dimensions should be outside the views

010
50
I
I
10


30
I.
50
.1
010
Incorrect example
MEC076 Engineering Drawing Interpretation 1
Resource Package
December, 1998
lD
N

, 'I

4-
10 30
50
Correct example
2 holes
010
Exercise 8-3
Dimension the orthogonal views
from the pictorial specifications
Lock support
Isometric
,'1 it:n
126
r
-1---+---$
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Material: MS 2 thick

I
ALL DIMENSIONS ARE IN MILLIMEIRES
I MEC076 - 8 - 9