Contents

WHO Classification 1 Astrocytic tumours

Diffusely infiltrating astrocytomas Diffuse astrocytoma Anaplastic astrocytoma Glioblastoma Giant cell glioblastoma Gliosarcoma Pilocytic astrocytoma Pleomorphic xanthoastrocytoma 6 9 10 22 27 29 40 42 45 52 Melanotic medulloblastoma Supratentorial primitive neuroectodermal tumour (PNET) Atypical teratoid/rhabdoid tumour 140 141 145 149 150 153

9 Peripheral neuroblastic tumours

Olfactory neuroblastoma Neuroblastic tumours of adrenal gland and sympathetic nervous system

10 Tumours of cranial and peripheral nerves

Schwannoma Neurofibroma Perineurioma Malignant peripheral nerve sheath tumour (MPNST)

2 Oligodendroglial tumours and mixed gliomas

Oligodendroglioma Anaplastic oligodendroglioma Oligoastrocytoma Anaplastic oligoastrocytoma Other mixed gliomas

55 56 62 65 68 69 71 72 76 78 80 83

163 164 167 169 172 175 176 185 190 193

11 Meningeal tumours
Meningiomas Mesenchymal, non-meningothelial tumours Haemangiopericytoma Melanocytic lesions

3 Ependymal tumours
Ependymoma Anaplastic ependymoma Myxopapillary ependymoma Subependymoma

12 Tumours of the haemopoietic system 197

Malignant lymphomas Histiocytic tumours 198 204 207 215 216 219 223 227 231

4 Choroid plexus tumours 5 Neuroepithelial tumours of uncertain origin

Astroblastoma Chordoid glioma of the third ventricle Gliomatosis cerebri

13 Germ cell tumours

87 88 90 92

14 Familial tumour syndromes

Neurofibromatosis type 1 Neurofibromatosis type 2 Von Hippel-Lindau disease and capillary haemangioblastoma Tuberous sclerosis complex and subependymal giant cell astrocytoma Li-Fraumeni syndrome and TP53 germline mutations Cowden disease and dysplastic gangliocytoma of the cerebellum/ Lhermitte-Duclos disease Turcot syndrome Naevoid basal cell carcinoma syndrome

6 Neuronal and mixed neuronal-glial tumours

Ganglioglioma and gangliocytoma Desmoplastic infantile astrocytoma and ganglioglioma Dysembryoplastic neuroepithelial tumour Central neurocytoma Cerebellar liponeurocytoma Paraganglioma

95 96 99 103 107 110 112 115 116 118 121

235 238 240

7 Pineal parenchymal tumours

Pineoblastoma Pineocytoma Pineal parenchymal tumour of intermediate differentiation

15 Tumours of the sellar region

243 Craniopharyngioma 244 Granular cell tumour of the neurohypophysis 247 249 255 263 267 309

16 Metastatic tumours of the CNS 8 Embryonal tumours

Medulloepithelioma Ependymoblastoma Medulloblastoma Medullomyoblastoma 123 124 127 129 138

Contributors Source of charts and photographs References Subject index