Professional Documents
Culture Documents
Zuluaga Jorge - Introduccion A La Astrofisica
Zuluaga Jorge - Introduccion A La Astrofisica
! "#$"&%'(% )
*,+ -&'. -0/ *213.4 5 *
1 :=< ,
* 84: 5 -05 5 *
13. :
97 6 8 :9; ?>
@ : -
* - ; :
!"# %$# &'#
(*)+
(-,/.01!2*
34%&!%567 8968:*)
;#<!= <73$#4,?>-A@
4-4@:4B1 8A@
8@:C4D2)6E 41!F@6
86)
<
G8418!F8H3 )I
4!J?
41KE41836L1484NM<8$
FLO4)P Q41!F 8R3S),UTV8;8$
W18
;R!J(L1
%@:
3F)X;#Q)4!" 9
Q)J;A
A)4)+R1
AW84
3U)X;A
#3Y$S):)
Z & ;?!= ?!2-)6
8[341
( ?)P;?@
( 6;[44!F4834,
TV\@6
8H323^]-A@_
W1 8H3
-)6
P`3)6;8H32) 8Y$1a!2)+8bV@
W1
)R)
6c!F#34!"# ?F8W1484
( -c8A;K@
84@: Z 4
!F8H&#K1
K18A;KP3
3ed
5:ef g3
6,aTa!F E@6
8H&F8O3
4D@
ch): 8: )E?4D)4)):2
;#<@6
86@4R
K)E
18H34!F@_1
8(Oi\;2
%3
ch2# 3
)4`!F4)J8H34
34;
jL;X3
(FWHB# 43(6,Ikl PS68:+@
4483(1 87] Z 6 3Y$#+L
8:R)
@_B 8b)7&;)O)6J;#I@6
86@4m
3)1PL*341
PJP183Y36L8Cc`
@
4348)<@
4483
0)6<!F84
3m!F@43P4:n148W1:Bf ncH1V!o7 3S)1VLV(8H):)6V
(#
I3 # 3
4248A43) )P(): 8 )I[ 34!J#<!2868:)14,
TV8p;+@
!2
O@
F J5_1
):+a3)A)6F+
q (+)2;m4 3
;4cN@
15:56!28H
U!= [#58):#8[ 3!F0
41cS;#)
`@
!J#
\418X1Urj418
6L8O;#
WHs]-;\;#0!F@_1848[
G86):!28H&[)6t68$
,U>-j@
8H& 8+8+@6
!2
U(@C 36c
0) 38H31U@:
:# !F73
\
410r;U(
4
(8tc-LFS6j
$148+!"# [)4;8Hj@:
E
uYd
3
0E)44
@_(1 8+)4v
G8418!F8H3E)m;4,`TVC W186)%LX4v34
4
?(#@ Ej)4)8
m3)
a;m8#31!A D)K8:m3
46cH:41!F@_1
&!248j)K;j!F#
j8228H34
1
wL
!F8
D41!F<N!2 ):K;K
3)6;4B1 8P)4)[ %6@v4
x:4,`yw
34;#
g8H3
S N Z r@4 3r8
6@
156!Fr)4:1
W18EL8:#
3j)?1w@_73
1a
4c6LI8K w
@
48H&P8:
)E;<@
8@: Z
3!2483<18z<S6%8H348)4!F1r 1r 3!Fr
41,K{DSC
Q@
48H3X)Q!F84
3F
#3Y$#!F48P)43): 1<)381r44!F481<)w8K K@_^d
3
h&8X
G86):!28H&_8X-)0+
(0)j;E
q (6,VTVI !2I@ 3Q)j4 3%@:
5_1
) 4@
156!F%)I;|7}~s:7:s~ b|&7q|7Y^c:)8)II@
48H381K@
8@:4[
4Y&)61
)4`3)O) 1j!%51j -
G
8:+4 3
;X84w3!2@vct()1P@_1
jX4(1 8
)%68:X4
Q)%
r48
WN4 ,I>- Z J@4 R4@_4;N8H34
S r8*N3)X)2
)%1j
)1r);24$14B1 8*4 34;
4cW181D)%1j15Sf 731r!" r5
1r)4`8Y$14
6
8: 44B1 8R1!2@4&%)6I4 E@ Z ) )4)):2 E@6
15!F%@:
B 4;#
,
J4W18):+@:#
3E&X)4)):Xg3)6X)Q;D@
1@6))r)`kA)X8H34
34;
4,
cV@_1$Lb
3)(1 8/88p40 @:4@:#
8H!28H3X$# z48
+%3
,TV894
@
!2
(@C 36)4 &b@:
/G<(@C 36p)4D5
Q@
4483!21J8p4
R)
W1Sd
!28H31KLR@
65:D%)4!%3
8z; 7]- 348F)E&J#@:
48H3!28H%8H$S 5m!J#
;6,
j@
3!F48H3 ) [ (%)6E2M<8$
))A)6E{D8S;6c6@
G41
j
8) j8
c:@v
jS43
m7$-8/kA
Z c@v1
m
u4&#
!2cC)2p55X@v4
8: cg8:R548:A@:#
32)4
!F#34
;#\5651W1
# x:4A Z @v1 5JA
(4B1 8)X4 X3
3#5:ef ,z{ !F\8B$S; jW1
6ch48
4@
4483J@:
F!A 8z#@vBL1FE848H3$F
G86):!28H&483S)1KD#@_41
)+!2U$S)6c`L/O)6!= %!2X@
4 o1!2@63)1
6cV89;z0!2 Z 5
3* )*! d
@_15I5v
3
K&81!2-)!F48H3I %3
5:ef AJ; %J)4)4, x:8:!F48%J!2
@:)6
0@v1
UW18H&
!F<_844
ELF\8- Z [48J$14;6c6)!= \)j4 &#
0!2@
D Z @:
8!J#
!2DL+5
8)
!2mA@_eL, w#!%574 8R 41[)4)4F4@
48HI
35:Bf ,
:~sS|-6H
kA4) 8Cc!DB$S4!%5
m) A" 6 ,
31 .4* 1 : 5
!"#!%$&'
+ ,-/
. 012
43567 . 389 :
435;<>=
35?3@12?=A=
3
A ,A
A ,DC
A ,
A,
A ,
A ,
A ,
A ,
A ,
A ,A F
(*)
+-B
8H3
S)4(1 8 ,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, A
kW18636)OLX5
Q@:
8H3I)P;#?
4;# ,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, A
;?)6 384;[4 ;#
,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,ECGF
4; 5 1-&)P!J#W18)4?
4l,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,EE
, C
TV11
[)P;#?
4;#[L+O34!F@_
#3
4
G73Y$ ,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,EE
, C"
kW18636)R5_11!o7 3
(IL+!2861):)J4 ;#
,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C
HD#)%L+!F )6I?3
m,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
1? @v443
1r4 ;#
,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, "
TV
j;W1
!FE)J ID4
@6
8W Kd H<64,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
Tvf
441 ,E,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, A
L M 21 0N4.
3O
35PQ3612R=-?3
-C , A 8H3
S)4(1 8 ,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
-C ,DC N
8
G
48T<H )#3Y$#Q8R; ks3
;*,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
-C , N
8
G
48T<H )#3Y$#Q8R;%{[!"1
G
FTV
,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
C-, a 8? @v443
4D4 ;#
,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
C-, , A :1
!J#B 8X)P;? 8? @v44
3K3
4 ,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
-C , ,UC TV3
6436
3 )E[ 8? @v443
4 ,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
C-, {r8K# ?TV @v443
j,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
C-, -, A 6
$#2)6I4
4!248H3 ,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
-C , -,UC K4:4186K)J0V 1Y3!F88XLO>6 Z ,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
C-, Tvf
441 ,E,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
PQ=KW6XY12Z
4&PQ3618?=-
, A 8H3
S)4(1 8 ,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
D, C Vy
!2
[156
$#18KL+ @4 3 ,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
, VT S65
5ID)
hs 34 ,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
S4S
1
A
G F
H
C
[B
, VT S65
Q-4
!242
)#3Y$1 ,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
, :48H3P)ITV8
W: )P;#KTa3
,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
, N
8 @v1
3P)P;%48
W: 48A48H34
[3
I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
, 6, A g
3#8@_1
J HD)6;#$1 ,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
, 6U, C g
3#8@_1
E.018H$173Y$1 ,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
, >-1(1 8O;?4:4186<)P;%3
4
32
,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
, Tvf
441 ,E,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
ACA
8H3
S)4(1 8 ,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
G
!F(1 8X)I;0
4;#=,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
k)6
ITV
K,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
qf 4PLOkA
3I)P;KTV3
4 ,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
H<4)1K)P;%7$11(1 8O3
,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
, -, A TV8:#8: V0;#8(o,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
, -U, C TV3
4?)P8-3
8 ,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
, -, {DW1sf 4
1 D4W1
D,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
, Tvf
441 ,E,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
V056W1
3#
q EyN
P=,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
+RL
AC
AC
(*)
,A
,DC
,
,
,
-
AF
AF
AA
AA
AA
A A
A( C
A(
A F
A C
A
A
A
A "
-, A
-D, C
-,
-,
-,
-,
8H3
S)4(1 8 ,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
yV
45:<)P;%7]- 3482)6!2)8H34
34;
,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
TV8
sf 4!F8H3%L+^]S386B 8R8H3
3
,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
a 8?)I5 1
4B1 8O8H
4 ;#
,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
TV!FB 8+)P
3)(1 8X@_1
?!2)6 8H34
4 34;
,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
Tvf
441 ,E,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
+<+
6, A
8H3
S)4(1 8 ,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
[
u4D)6!2)8H34
34;
,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
D453K)Y
G3 ,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
6, , A 8(1 8XL+
41!Q58:#B 8z,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
6, U, C kR(#8 !F1K)P4!FB 8X)P;?86513#<)6
G ,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
D5_
jY
G3R,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
6, , A Tw]S38(1 8+L+86
sf 4!248H3 )P;%m3
,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
6, U, C yV
1@4):)4K!2Y$#[)P;#?8S65v4D)Y
G3#[,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
D5_K)483# ,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
6, -, A TV@_1$ 8H34
34;
,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
6, -U, C !2%8R;?
W1184 ID ,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
+B +
6,DC
6,
6,
6,
AA
A C
A H
A
A "
A
AA
AA
A : C
A
A 1
A
A
AA
A
A H
A
--
,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C F
$&
B 7 .
G12
L B
-, A 8H3
S)4(1 8 ,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C F
-,DC kA1
G11W E)6I s]-; ,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C A F
-,D-C , A TV)42W1B 73 ,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C A A
-,D-C ,UC TV{D53!28H2.08H3
J,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C AB
-,D-C , DI ( 4 ,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C A
-, .084!"s 3%)P; ;e]6X,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C A
-, Tvf
441 ,E,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, CGC
9X5
. 0 A : ; %=A-
3
=
<
3
PQ3612 G1 <Z!
LLS
6, A 8H3
S)4(1 8 ,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, CG1C
6,DC .0; x:(1 8RkA1
G1B W1Q)P;?W1;s]- ,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, CG"C
6, #;s]-;#0 @
4Km
W16;
I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C C
6, , A yN
:# !F73
[
1?)6I?WHs]-;0@6
3# ,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C C
6, ,UC 6
$#2)6I
&#B 8+)P;?WH#;s]-;#[ @
4Q,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C
6, , 3
4
32@6
3#l,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C "
6, #;s]-;#[TV @63(,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C
6, Tvf
441 ,E,I,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C
0V 56W1
3#
q EyN
P=,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C
M R. X ; A : M
L
[
:98 . A ,A
A ,DC
A ,
A,
A ,
A ,
A ,
A ,
A ,
A ,A F
A ,A A
C-, A
C-,DC
C-,
C-,
C-,
C-,
C-,
C-,
C-,
C-, A F
C-, A A
5 *
: @ - 8
j3
54B1 8 )jE48
W: I8X8 Z r)D
3)6;4B1 82j!2
W1r@_1
U;P@_
qd
x:m)P;3
6,`,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
:8K1 !2862)61
4!248 )!%5_%34;
4,/,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
:31W
3#
E)4w>S1C8RC$S56, ,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, H
AF
!2(1 8+!281
u3%3
4,O,I,E,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
-, T`
G4F)6I%@
448F)4!F4)8
?8R4@_4
F)P8:
4;-,
1
1
#"%$&
('
*)
,+
C
"
A
C
"
A F"
AAF
A BA
AA
AC
A( F
A( C
A(
A(
A("
A A
A
A
A
A
A
A
6, A
6,DC
6,
6,
6,
6,
-, A
- ,DC
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
- ,
-, A F
6, A
6,DC
6,
6,
6,
6,
6,
6,
6,
6, A F
6, A A
6, A C
AA
A
A
A 1
A
A
A
CF
CF
CAF
CA
CA
CGCGF
CGC A
CGC:C
CGC
CGC
CGC
CG C
CGC
CF
CA
CA
C
C F
C A
C
C C
AC
:98 . A ,A
A ,DC
A ,
A,
A ,
A ,
A ,
A ,
A ,
A ,A F
C-, A
,A
,DC
6, A
6,DC
{Q, A
{QD, C
5 *
-
8
k W18636)A#@:
48H3P)IW8:?4 3
;? 15
43484,V,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, A
yV
3ef jL+) %)IW168:?3
,U,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,EC
kW18636)A#516&)IW18:#[3
4?186-4):4,A,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,EC
8)P)P11
[)IW18:#?
4;#,p,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, F
H<4;4B1 8+)6a 86)4m)P11
V\d 18RC
u731
?)6I41
4B 8A5_1!o7 3
(J,9, 1
j;!24
1U3
4D)6434
!28:#)1?8A%8H34
G
1!243
6, ,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
k2)P?1!2@_188HK)IW8:?58:
;0$S:4, ,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C
k2)P58:
;[4@_73
@, ,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
.[
3#434
( 3(?)6I1[3@v?)EkA1
W18+L m88C, ,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
?@_ @v443
)IW8:?4 3
;?418S), ,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,
.01!2@v1 4B1 8 !F(9)p84
>S1P156348) 418l Z
3!2483O)
8K 04@_73
3# ,z,P,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, 1
j
3#B 8J)jI
u j)j@6
484;@
84@:h@:#
3%3
0)6r) 38H&Q!F3-, AB A
%)
3#B 8+)m Z 4!F?;#!J)6E
2 -3| |&7|7Y04C@_
-)6%8O
P
4;#?)P)$
2!F 4!J#8 Z )
: W18 48A A8r 44, ,E,I,I,E,I,E, A(
.[
:# 434
( 3(?)6I1?) 38H31[@_1?)PWHs]-;U @63(m A ^,D,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C
.[
:# 434
( 3(?)6I1?) 38H31[@_1?)PWHs]-;U @63(m C1^,D,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, C
.018H38H3 [ , ,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, CG F
.018&8H34D{D
18K !F(4, ,I,I,E,I,E,I,P,E,I,I,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,P,E,I,E,I,I,E,I,E, CG F
AB
!#"$&%')()*+*+,./-%
0.132547698;:<2=1.8?>A@B8?C713DFEFCHGIG98/CKJ56L1MDNCH@O>A@B8P13CHEF6ICQ:ACSRB8;EA8;T U?CKDNE32=1+VWXT 1F6I4H2=1ZY[2=\A1FC7E3]^8;476L2=@B8^GLCH1+_`>ACaGL8
:A6I13DN6I@Ab=>AC7@4H2=U/RAGLCKDc8;U/CH@dDFCe:ACf2;DNEF8;1gCH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1Hh
i >[CH1MDN>A:A6I2jB8/E3C7];CHG98^:A2G98kCKJ56L1MDNC7@A4H6L8:<ClE3CHGL8;4H6I2=@ACH1gU?8^DFCHUm8^T DN6I4n8;1o_`>ACfGI2=1g4H2=@<CH47DN8;@qpr8;GIb=>A@B8^1
:ACSG98;1Z4H>A8;GLC71.1F2;@OC7]s6I:ACH@dDNC71t:AC71F:ACaC7GR<>A@dDN2#:ACf]s6L1MDc8?:<CQG98kVMXT 136L4H8<pr:B8;:B8/G98:AC7uB@<6L4H6n2=T @OU/6L13UP8
:ACfGL2;1gRB8;EB8^T U?CKDNEF2;1g6L@d]=2=GI>A4HEF8;:A2=17pBRvC7EF22;DFEN8;1ZEFC71F>AGwDc8;@DNC7@ACHEZ132=GL2>A@B8yx3>A1MDN6wuB4n8;4762=T @C7U?RqXT EF6I4n8<h
z 8)CKJ56L1MDNCH@<4H698):AC:A6I4cjB8;1EFC7G98;476L2=@<CH1a13C[R<>A1F2{CH@|C7]s6L:<CH@A47698):ACH13:AC[GL2=1aR<EF6LU/CHE32=1aDNEF8;\B8}x32;1k:AC
2=\A13CHEM];8^4H62;T @1F6I13DNC7U~8T DN6L4H8[:<C#G98;1lCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1HpRvC7EF2132=GL24H2=@CHG8;:<]=C7@A6LU/6LC7@dDN2O:<C#GL2=1lU/25:AC7EF@A2;1
Um2=T :ACHGI2=1DFC2=T E36L4H2;1CHGL8;\v2;EN8;:A2;1RB8;EF8f:<CH1F47EF6I\A6LEGL8.VMXT 136L4n8y:ACZCH13DF2=1&2=\sx3CKDN2=1jB8e136L:A2fR2=1F6I\AGLCEFC7];CHGL8;E
G98aEF8AXLT XT @dDN6LU?8Q:ACfC713Dc8^1y472=@ACKJ56I2=@ACH17h
i C7EB8PT C7G2=\sx3CKDN6w]=2#:ACQCH13DFCa4n8^RT DF>AGL2?:AC7uB@<6LE.472=@RAE3CH136L4H6n2=T @C713DNCQ4H2=@x3><@`DF2:ACa4H8;@dDN6L:A8;:ACH1+VMT 136L4n8^1
8;132547698;:B8^1o8QGL8;1C713DNE3CHGIG98;17p5GL8lVX 2=E3UP8l_s><Ce><DN6IGL6 8eCHGq8^13DNE32;VMXT 136L4722QCHGq8^13DNEA2=T @A2=U/2`RB8;EF8QU?C7:AX 6LE3GL2=1
YaGL8;1E3CHG98^4H6L2;@ACH1_`>ACZGI2=14H2;@ACH4KDc8;@qpdGL8;1_`>ACZGL><CHb=2e132=@CKJ5RAGL6I4n8;:A8;1R2=EGL2;1U?2s:AC7GL2=1R<EFCH13CH@dDc8^:A2=1
CH@[GL2;1g4n8;RqXT DN>AGI2=1o136Lb=>A6ICH@dDNC71Hh
Q/),7"()' )$&,nn7% Qa$e#" ' Hat"$en7a
@A8|2=\<1FCHEM]^8;4H6n2=T @@<2Ua>5Y:AC7DFCH@A6I:B8:<C{GL8;1CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1Hp.EFC7];CHGL8|:AC{6L@<U?C7:A698^DF2_`>AC@<2|DF25:B8^1
\AE36LGLGL8;@472=@G98#U/6L1FU?8P6I@`DFCH@A136L:B8^:qh/6LC7@dDNEN8^1e>A@B8;1fRB8;E3CH47CH@8^RvC7@B8;1t]s6L136L\AGICH1f8;G2}x32[:<CH1F@`>A:<2Ap
2;DFEN8;1fDN6ICH@AC7@>A@U?8;b=@qXT uB4H2[\AE36LGLGI2_`>AC#G98^1SjB8^4HCP132=\AE3CH1N8^GL6LElCH@dDFEFCP13>A1Q];CH4H6I@B8;17hO13DN8O1FC7@A4H6IGLGL8
2=\A13CHEM];8^4H62;T @1FCHb;>AEN8;U/CH@dDFCtV>ACtjAC74cjB8kRv2=EGL2=1U~8;T 18;@dDN6Ib=>A2=1o2;\A1FC7E3]^8;:A2=E3CH1g:AC7Gq4H6ICHGI2ApsY/V>ACtC7GLGL8
1FC7b=>AEF8;U?C7@dDNC.GL8l_`>ACyGLC71RCHE3U?6wDN62eT C713DN8;\AGLC74HC7ECHGRAE36LU/CHE&UCKT DN2s:A2lRB8;EN8f:A6wVCHEFC7@A4H6L8;EG98;1&CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1Hh
GqRAE36LU/CHEo136L13DFCHU?8a:ACe4H>A8;@dDN6IuA4n8;4762=T @:AC7Gq\AEF6IGLGI2Q:ACeGL8;1oCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1oV>ACe47EFCn8^:A2Rv2=ECHG!8;1MDNEB2;T @A2=U/2
b=E36LCHb;2O+6LRARB8^EF4H2[:AC?y6I4HCn8 }; 8<h4;h~_`>A6LC7@><DF6LGL6 2T RB8;EF8DN8;GuB@><@6L@<b=CH@A6I2=1F2[UC7T DN2s:A2[Rv2;E
CHT G!U/6L13U?26L:<Cn8;:A2<h i >OR<EF2s4HCH:<6LU/6LCH@dDF2?472=@A1F6I13DnXT 8CH@O472=U/RB8;EN8^E+C7G!\AEF6IGLGL2:ACl>A@B8/CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8/472=@OC7G
_`>ACeCKJ5jA6I\XT 8S>A@A2:ACt13CH6L1gRCH_`>AC`@A 2=1g8;b;>x3CHE32=1gRAEN8^47DN6I4n8;:<2=1oCH@><@B8aRAG98^4n8aU/C7Dr8^T GL6L4H8<ps8QDNEF8]C7T 1g:AC
GL2;1S47>B8;GLC71Q13C?uBGwDNEN8^\B8[GL8GI> :<CP>A@B8[]=CHGL8<h z 2=1a8;b;>x3CHE32=1Q_`>AC/V>ACHEA2=T @@`>AU/CHEN8^:A2=1Q:<CHG 8;G
}
! "$#
%
& %
+2=Ua\AE3CeRAEF2;RA6L2 O8;b=@A6wDN>A:
i 6IEF6L2
p d
8;RCHGLGL8
<p
<p
C7DNC7GLb=C7>A1FC
0.GIDN8;6LE
<p =
0.@dDc8;E3CH1
<p
C7@ACH\
p
8^\AG98 h O8;b;@A6IDF>A:[8;RB8;E3CH@dDNCf:ACl8;GIb=>A@B8;1gC713DFEFCHGIG98;1g132=\AE3CH1N8^GL6LC7@dDNCH17h
CH@2=E3:ACH@{:AC74HEFC74H6ICH@dDNC:ACkDc8^UP8r@A 2<pvRCHE3U?6wDN6LC7EB2=T @8[+6LRB8^EF4H247EFCH8;EeCHG:<CH@A2=U/6L@A8;:A21F6I13DFCHU?8#:AC
U?8;b=@A6wDN>A:AC71gCH1MDNCHGL8;EFC71HpB:ACf>A132?472=EFE36LC7@`DFCf6L@A47GL>A132/C7@@`>AC713DFEF2=1+:XT 8^1Hh
2=U/2PC71.CKJ5RAG XT 476IDN2C7@G98CKJ5RAGI6L4n8^4H62;T @RAE3C7]s6985pvC7@OCH1MDNCa136L1MDNCHU?8<p8;_`>AC7GLG98^1+C713DFEFCHGIG98;1+_`>ACQ\<EF6LGIG98;@
4H2;@#UP8nY;2=E6I@`DFCH@A136L:B8^:PDN6ICH@AC7@8;1F2s4H6L8;:B8;1>A@B8aU?8;b=@<6IDN><:?RCH_`>AC`@A 813>\AEF6IGLGL2fC71o4H2=U/RB8;EF8;\AGIC.8;G
:ACfGL2;1y8^b=>x3CHE32=1ZU~8^T 1gb=EN8;@<:ACH1NgU/6LC7@dDNEN8^1+GL8;1gUm8;T 1g:CHT \<6LGLC71ZRAEFC71FCH@dDN8;@OU?8;b=@A6wDN>A:<CH1gb=EF8;@A:AC71a1F>
\AE36LGLGI2aCH1Z472=U?RA8;EN8;\<GLCe8;G:<ClGI2=1Z8;b=>}x3CHEF2;1gU~8;T 1gRCH_`>AC`@A 2=1ch
GqEFCKuB@B8;U/6LC7@dDN2:ACeGL2;1gUCKT DN2s:A2=1o:ACf2=\<1FCHEM]^8;4H6n2=T @#YG98a6I@d]=CH@<4H62;T @[:<CHGqDNC7GLC71F4H2;RA6L2Ap56L@dDNE325:<>x3CHE32=@
G98e@AC74HC71F6L:A8;:P:ACZC7@AEF6I_s><CH4HC7EC7GB4H2=@x3><@`DF2Q:ACZU?8;b=@A6wDN>A:<CH1CH1MDNC7G98;E3CH1. fCH@/CHGr1F6I13DNC7UP8e2=E36Lb=6I@B8;G5:AC
y6IRB8;E34H2`8;b=E3CHbd8^@A:A2l@s><C7]^8;1U?8;b=@<6IDN><:ACH1yR2=E&CWx3C7U?R<GL2f>A@B8lUP8;b;@A6IDF>A: lC+6L@A47GL>A132S@<CHbd8^DF6I]^8;1N
YU?8;b=@A6wDN>A:AC71g6L@dDNC7EFU/CH:A6L8;1g_`>AClCHEN8^@6I@A:A6L4H8;:B8;1ZU/CH:A6L8;@dDNCeC7G ><1F2/:ACSGL8k4H2=U?8k:ACH476LU?8;G h&13DF2=1
4n8^Ua\A6L2;1jA6I4H6LC7EF2=@S:ACHGA8;EF4H8;6L472.1F6I13DFCHU?8.:ACg4HGL8;1FC71:ACoU?8;b=@<6IDN><:Q:ACg+6LRB8^EF4H2.>A@a]=C7EF:B8;:<CHEF2fU/25:<2
:ACk47>B8;@dDN6wuB4n8;E.CHG\<EF6LGIGL2/:ACkG98^1.CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1Hh z 8#U?8;b=@A6wDN>A::AC8;GIb=>A@B8;1yCH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1Hpq13CaRAE3CH1FC7@dDc8CH@
G98QDN8;\AGL8 h h
@G98[8;4KDN>B8;GI6L:B8^:C7G136L13DFCHU?8[:<CPU?8;b=@A6wDN>A:AC71SC71Q6I@A4HGI>A1F2><DN6IGL6 8;:A2RB8;EF86I@A:A6L4H8;EfCHG&\AE36LGLGI2:AC
2=\sx3CKDN2=1y4HC7GLCH1MDNCS@A2PC713DNC7G98;E3CH1y4H2=U/2PGL8 z >A@B85p 8/G98_s><CQ1FCSGLCS8;1F6Ib=@B8<pB:<>AEN8;@dDFCQG98V8;1FCl:ACSGLGLC7@B8<p
>A@B8U?8;b=@A6wDN>A:47CHEF4H8;@B8/8 h
@A8{472=1N8{1FC[Rv2=@<C:AC[U?8;@A6IuACH13DF24H>B8;@<:A2CJA8^U?6I@B8;U/2=1aDN2s:A2=1CH1MDN2=1?@t>AT U/CHEF2;1 8{RCH1F8;E/:AC
G98^1k:ACH134H2=Ua><@B8;GLC71?:<6IVCHE3CH@A47698;1kC7@mC7G =\AEF6IGLGI2 f@A2{CKJ56I13DNC[>A@B8:A6wVCHEFC7@A4H6L8)4H2=@A136L:AC7EN8;\<GLCCH@dDFEFC
1F><1lU?8;b=@<6IDN><:ACH17h 6KC7T @A1FC71FC/CH@CHGjACH4cjA2[:AC_`>ACkCHG i 2=G2s4H>AGwDc8P4H8;1nXT DN2s:A2=1tGI2=1e2=\sx3CKDN2=1e47CHGLC713DFCH1
4H2;@1F>GL> pGL2_`>AC@A2RB8^1N8C7]s6I:ACH@dDNC7U?C7@dDNC4H2=@GL8 z >A@B8_`>AC#DF6LC7@ACP>A@A8UP8;b;@A6IDF>A:8;RCH@A8;1
>A@A6I:B8;:AC71UP8nY=2;EHh 0.1HT 2=\sx3CKDN2=14H>5Yd8;1[UP8^b=@A6IDF>A:AC718;RB8;E3CH@dDNC71[:<6IuBC7EFCH@CH@ >A@A6I:B8;:AC71
RAE3CH1FC7@dDc8;@:A6IVC7EFCH@<4H698^1g:AC X 2=E3:ACH@<CH1+:ACfUP8;b;@A6IDF>A:CH@[1F>A1Z\AE36LGIGL2=17h
13DFCajACH4cj<2@A2=1.E3C7];CHG98?:ACQ6I@AU?C7:A698DN2/G98@B8^DN><EN8;GIC 8/b=CH2;UCKT DNEF6I4n8/:ACQGL8/C71F4n8^G98P:ACSUP8^b=@A6IDF>A:AC71
:ACKuB@A6L:A8R2=EP+6LRB8^EF4H2<h13Dc86LU/Rv2=EMDc8;@dDFC2=\A1FC7E3]^8;4762=T @mV><CjAC74cjB8R2=E/CHGy8;13DFEB2=T @A2;U?2{6L@Ab;GKCHT 1
y2;EFU?8;@ 2=b=132=@[CH@[CHG1F6Ib=GL2 ah
2;b=1F2=@[CH1MDN>A:<62/T CH@O:<C7Dc8^GLGLC.G98;1gE3CHG98^4H6L2;@ACH1gC7@`DFEFClGL2=1g\<EF6LGIGL2=1:ACl8;GLb=><@B8;1gCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1gYG98^1gUP8;b;@A6
DN><:ACH1g8^1F6Lb;@B8;:B8;18QCHGIG98;1CH@C7G 136L13DFCHU?8S:ACty6LRA8;EF472Ah@A4H2;@`DFEB2kT _`>ACt><@B8aCH1MDNEFC7GLGL8S:ACtGL8SRAE36LU/CHEF8
'
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
+ ,
-/
)(
-,
)(
32
4,
5' 6
87
37!9
5:
6
:
<; =>;
?'
@BADCEGFIH CKJMLONGH&PRQSTFIU-UIVRPXWYHZC4H[N\ETH
] VOCEGH ^ETVXWD] VO_`VaUbLaPOcdCRETH CXNGFbJMLOJMPeJH
UILaU-fMgJH
UILaHZNhEGSTH UIUILXWDJHBiKCMFIJXLaH[N\E>L
fMj U-EGFI_8L
] VO_`VUbL
] LkCETFIJMLRJaJHlH CXH STm n j L8H UIHZ]BEGSTVO_8LkmRC H j EGFb] Lpo?STLRJFILR]BF VOj CKqrfMHFICX] FIJH8NGVOsMSTHtUbL&fMCMFbJMLOJeJH Lkj STHZLJMH
fMCJH EGHZ]BEGVRSZWHZC
UbLlfMCMFbJMLOJJHETF-HZ_luVXvxwyfXNzfMCMFbJMLRJHZN{HZCH U|NGFINhEGHZ_`LlcdCEGHZSGCKLO]BFIVOCKLkU}NhHZS LOj Ct~\VRfMUIHZNz_
N }@v
U?8;b=@A6wDN>A:CHEN8#><@B8;1 ?]=C74HCH1lUm8;T 1.\AE36LGIG98;@dDNCf_`>ACk>A@A8#:ACaG98?1FCKJsDN8<pqYO_`>ACkC7G\AE36LGIGL2Apr4H2;U?2#13C
jB8;\qXT 8a6L@<:A6L4H8;:A2Ap54HEFC74=XT 8C7@V2=EFU?8ab=CH2;UCKT DNEF6I4n8<p54H2=@>A@V8;4KDN2=Eg472=@A1MDc8;@dDNC p<4H>B8;@<:A2?13CeRB8;1F8;\B8
:AC+>A@B8QU?8;b=@<6IDN><:?8lG98e1F6Ib=>A6ICH@dDNC^h0.1HXT >A@?4n8;UQ\A6L2l:AC+G98fUP8;b;@A6IDF>A:/Q8SGL8 p56IU?R<GL6L4H8e8;>AU/CH@dDc8^E
CH@k><@aV8;47DF2=E ?C7G<\AE36LGLGI2 ;RA8;1N8;E:ACgG98+UP8^b=@A6IDF>A:ae8yG98 Ap;RAEF2s:A>A47Co>A@6L@A47EFC7U?C7@`DF2t:AC + q
CH@C7G \AE36LGLGI2 `CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1o:ACtGL8QU?8;b=@A6wDN>A: 132=@ o];CH4HC71yUm8;T 1\AEF6IGLG98^@`DFCH1_s><CeG98;1:ACeG98QU?8;b=@<6IDN><:
OY8;1nXT 1F>A47CH1F6w]^8;U?C7@dDNC;h i 6Ib=>A6LC7@A:A2C713DFC2=EF:AC7@:AC6L:<Cn8;1aR2s:ACHU/2=1Q472=@A47GL>A6IEQ_`>ACCKJ56I13DNCP>A@B8
:A6wVCHEFC7@A4H6L8PCH@>A@)V8;4KDN2=E eCH@CHG\AEF6IGLGL2/:ACkC713DNE3CHGIG98;1t:<CaG98#U?8;b=@A6wDN>A: YGL8PUP8^b=@A6IDF>A:)<p :AC
:A2=@<:ACf1FCl4H2=@A47GL><Y;C;pBR2=EgG98k2=\<1FCHEM]^8;4H6n2=T @:AC 2=b=132=@qpr_`>AC;p
}
@b=CH@<CHEN8^G psCH13DFEFC7GLG98^1_`>ACtDNC7@Abd8;@><@B8Q:A6wVCHEFC7@A4H6L8 CH@1F>U?8;b=@<6IDN><:#8;RB8^EFCH@dDFCt:A6IVC7EF6IEB8;T @?CH@
1F>[\AE36LGLGI2QR2=Eo>A@V8;4KDN2=E +h i 6qGLGL8;U?8;U?2;1 Y npA:A2;1g4n8;@dDN6I:B8;:AC71ZEFCn8^GLCH17pAG98^1oUP8^b=@A6IDF>A:AC71
8;RB8^EFCH@dDFCH1a:AC?>A@B8OC713DFEFCHGIG98Y><@B8O_`>AC#><DF6LGI6 8^EFCHU/2=1eR2=EQE3C7VC7EFCH@<4H6985p fY Q13>A1aEFC71FRCH4KDN6I];2=1
\AE36LGLGI2=1HpsR25:AC7U?2;1HpAR2=EZGL28;@dDFCHEF6I2=EHp<CH1F47EF6I\A6LE7p
3Y
# B%t
#
%
,,
a:
,3, 9
"!
#%$
&!('
)!+*
-,.'
/,0*
,.'
21 $43657$98;:
1F><13DN6wDN><Y;CH@A:<2PCHGq]^8;GI2=Eo:AC pB13Cl136Lb=><Cl_`>AC
,0*
=<
,?>@
,.'
1 $
3 57$
8 :
,0*
h
13DN8 >AT GwDN6LU?8SE3CHGL8;4H6n2=T @CH1Z4H2;@A25476L:B8k472=U?2GL8 z C7Y:AC 2=b=1F2;@ ?:<ClGL8;1gU?8;b=@A6wDN>A:AC71gCH1MDNCHGL8;EFC71Hh
z 8P6LU/R2=E3DN8;@A4H6L8k:ACaCH1MDc8PE3CH13>AGIDN8;:A2ApvEFCH136L:ACSCH@)C7GjAC74cjA2:ACQ_`>ACkC713DN8;\AGLC74HCa><@B8PEFC7G98;4762=T @[CH@dDFEFC
>A@B84n8^@`DF6L:B8^:{U/CH:<6L:B8><DF6LGL6 8;@<:A2#4H2;U?RB8^EN8;476L2=@AC71e1F>A\`x3C7DN6w]^8;1?CH1MDc8CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8C71f>A@R2s4H2U~8^T 1
\AE36LGLGL8;@dDNC/2U~8;T 1Q:ACH\A6IG_`>AC[8;_`>AC7GLG982;DNEF8OY1F>U?8;b=@A6wDN>A:Rv2=ESDc8;@dDN2:AC7\vC13CHEk>A@R25472)U~8^T 1
b=EF8;@A:ACf2U~8^T 1gRvC7_s><Cs@B 8dY>A@A8/4H8;@dDN6L:A8;:VMXT 1F6I4n8a\A6ICH@:ACKuB@A6L:A8Y_`>ACfRA><CH:ACl1FC7E+U/CH:<6L:B8<h
L
!('BAC!+*&DA
<7
"EGFIH
,.'
9KJ
,0*NM
a:
K!\]A
G!^_A
`
XbWdcfeTgfXb
h i
a:
!('Kjlk;jl*mA/!('*;no_A
pEGFqH
9KJ
,T'Gjlk;jd*
,T'K*;n
! "$#
%
& %
,T'Gjlk;jd*
,T'K*;n
8Y3
>
99
Q h Tg S
?'
-,
XbWdcfeTgfXb
h i
a:
[,
AC!
j _A
pEGFqH
9KJ
!
j
/3,
8;:B8^1 C713DN8;1472=@A:A6I4H6L2;@ACH17p^R25:<EnT 8gRCH@A1F8;EF13C_`>AC6L@A:<6L4n8^ECHG`\AEF6IGLGI2g:AC><@B8yC713DNE3CHGIG98<p}4H2;U?2+U?C7:A6L:A8
:AC13> 8;RB8;E36LC7@A4H6L8CH1PU~8;T 1?RAEFC74HX 6I1F2Y1FCHb;>AEF2_`>AC6I@A:A6I4n8;E/1F>U?8;b=@A6wDN>A:m8;RB8;E3CH@dDNC^p+Y_`>ACC7G
:AC71F4H><\AEF6IU?6ICH@dDN2:AC 2=b=1F2;@:ACH\CHEHXT 8j<CH4HC7EF@A2;18;\B8;@<:A2=@B8;E?8;Gy8;@dDN6Ib=>A2{1F6L1MDNC7UP8{:AC+6LRB8;E34H2Ah
2=@dDNEF8;EF6I28[CH1F2<pG98[8;13DFEF2=@<2=UT 8[@<2jB8E3CH@`>A@A47698;:<2ODN2s:B8n]vT 8O8[G98>A6LGI6 8;4H6n2=T @:ACHG d8;@dDN6I4H>B8^:A2
1F6I13DFCHU?8 Ap@A2)132=GL2ORv2=E3_`>ACG98[4HX 2=1MDN>AUa\<EFC1FCC7@A4H><CH@dDNEF8R<EF2;X V>A@<:B8;U/CH@dDN C8^EFEN8^6Lbd8;:A8CH@dDFEFCGL2;1
8;1MDNEF2;@Z2=T U/2=1Hp1F6I@A2?DN8;Ua\A6KCHT @OR2=E+CHG jACH4cj<2:ACQ_`>ACaC7@CH1MDNCa4H8;1F2PEFCH13>AGIDN8PUm8;T 1y472=U/25:A2/U?8;@ACWxF8^E
>A@B8CH134n8;GL8kGL2=bd8^EnXT DFU?6I4n8f_`>ACS><@B8/C71F4H8;G98k@B8^DF>AEN8^G h
" 7a'),H"Q)*y,HQe"eHQ$&t
8;:B8+1F>a:<C7uB@A6I4H6n2=T @QC7G5\AE36LGIGL2Z8;RB8^EFCH@dDFCo:AC><@B8yC713DNE3CHGIG98y@<2.RA>AC7:ACo13CHE472=@A136L:AC7EN8;:A2.>A@B8.4H8;@dDN6L:A8;:
VMXT 136L4H8t6L@AjAC7EFC7@`DFC.8eC7GLG985h14HG98^EF2f_`>ACZCH13DFEFC7GLG98^1VMXT 1F6I4n8;U/CH@dDFCg6L:C7T @`DF6L4H8;1&RA>ACH:<CH@PR<EFCH13CH@dDc8^E\AE36LGIGL2=1
:A6I13DN6I@dDN2=1o136q1FCfC7@A4H>AC7@dDNEN8^@O8a:A6wVCHE3CH@dDNC71+:<6L13DN8;@A47698;17h i 2=GL2QU?C7:A698;@dDFCtG98a:ACKDNC7EFU/6L@B8;4762=T @P:ACeCH1MDc8
>AT GIDF6LU?8#4n8;@dDF6L:B8;: pG98:A6I13Dc8^@A4H6L8_s><CPDc8;U/R25472C71Q>A@B8[4n8;EF8;47DFCHE36L13DF6L4H86L@<jACHE3CH@dDNCP8G98[CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8
U/6L1FU?8<pCH@mDN8;@dDN2E3CHRAE3CH1FC7@dDc8G98{EFC7G98;4762=T @|CH@dDNE3CG98{Rv2;1F6L4762=T @|:ACG98C713DFEFCHGIG98{CH@~C7GyC71FRB8;476L2Y
G98#><\A6L4H8;4H6n2=T @8;EF\<6IDNEF8;EF6L8P:AC7G2=\A1FC7E3]^8;:A2;EcKpYOCHG4H2;@A25476LU/6LC7@`DF2#:AC7G\AEF6IGLGL2#8;RB8;E3CH@dDNCR25:AEHXT 8;U/2=1
2=\<DFCH@AC7E6L@<V2;EFU?8;4H6n2=T @Q_`>ACZGLCCH1&RAEF2;RA698e8tGL8tCH13DFEFC7GLG985p=GL2t_`>ACZ@A2;1:ACWxF8;EHXT 8tC7@/4H8;RB8;476L:B8^:/:<CgjB8;4HC7E
>A@B8:AC71F4HE36LR4H6n2=T @VMXT 1F6I4n8a:ACfGL8U/6L13UP85h
$
$
+,
t7
7
3
$# {
V< %
&
32
a:
t:
6
,3,
, 6
5:
k'
B'
! "$#
%
& %
!'
?'
Nc
WYX
NW
h e ge0X
NW
`
`
(
(}/
(3/
"
PRQVO
"
QTW
!
3
$# {
V< %
&
6
6 ,
, 6
,
6 )(
-/
!2 :
; ;
;
h
G]^8;GI2=EyUm8T J56LU/2/U?C7:A6L:A2?:ACHGk8;T @Ab=>AGI2PRB8^EN8;GL8;47DF6L4H2/CH1f8^RAEF2nJ56LU?8;:B8;U/CH@dDFC 13CHb=><@A:A2:ACk8;E34H2Ah
DF6LGI6 8^@A:A2[G98OCJ<R<EFCH1362=T @8^@`DFCHE36L2=ES:ACH:A><4H6LU/2=1S_s><CG98:<6L13DN8;@A47698OUXT @A6IUP88OGL8;1QC713DFEFCHGIG98;1SU~8^T 1
4HC7EF4H8;@B8;1C71 = `Uh13Dc8e4H8;@dDN6L:A8;:qp=_`>ACg@A2;11FCg@A2=1R<EFCH13CH@dDc8e4q2=T U?2eGL8.CH134n8;GL8.DXT RA6L4H8
:AC7G>A@<6I]=C7EF132P]=C74H6L@<28;G i 2=G p:<C7uB@ACS>A@B8P@`>ACK]^8P>A@A6I:B8;:O:<CQU/CH:A6I:B8/:<CQG98^1+:<6L13DN8;@A47698;17p:<CQUa><Y
VEFC74H>AC7@dDNCl>A1F2/CH@[G988;1MDNEF2^VMXT 1F6I4n8 CHG 8;\AEFCK]s698;:A2R4;pAY8^4HEB2;T @A6LU/2a:AC
Kh
1kDc8;Ua\<6KCHT @:<C[><1F2{4H2=U>AT @CH@|G98)8;1MDNE32;VMT 136L4n8>A@B8Rv2=R<>AG98;EHT 136LU?8>A@A6I:B8;::ACU/CH:A6I:B8:ACG98^1
:A6I13Dc8^@A4H6L8;1Hpr4H2;@A25476L:B84H2;U?2?8@A 2 GL> 8<h G h X Kpr_`>ACQC7_`>A6I]^8;GICS8/G9X 8:A6L1MDc8;@<4H698kE3CH4H2;EFEF6I:B8?R2=EZG98GL>
CH@O>A@)8r@A 2ApBC71t:AC74H6LEy8?><@A2=1 d sU[h @ORB8;EF13CH4a13CHEHXT 8?R2=EZDc8;@dDF2ApvC7@]s6LEMDN>A:O:ACQGI2
8;@dDNC7EF6I2=EHpAC7_`>A6I]^8;GICH@dDNCl8k>A@A2=1 p /85h G h
@dDNE325:A><4H6LC7@A:A2/CH1MDc8@s><C7]^8/><@A6L:B8^:C7@GL8aEFCHGL8;4H6n2=T @{ h 2=\<DFCH@AC7U?2=1ZGL8a1FCH@<4H6LGIG98aCJ<R<EFCH1362=T @ p
h
R 4
GRA8;EN8;GL8}x3CfDNEF6Ib=2=@Z2;T U?CKDNEF6I4H2Y[G98?:<6L13DN8;@A47698?:<CH:A>A476L:B8P8;RB8;EMDN6LEZ:ACCHT G :ACk8;GIb=>A@B8;1+CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1+4HCHE
4n8^@B8;1Z1FCfRAE3CH1FC7@dDc8?C7@OGL8QDc8;\AGL8 h h
6 ,
, 9K
(
(}/
`
!
, 9K
qQ0e
K'
/ ( 3,
6
NW W
Q0e0Xbi
, 9K
B'
pB:ACfU/25:A2k_`>AC^p
;8 G `U
R 4 R 4 c ;R4
OPRQTSVUWYX
e,
K 7 *
XbWdcfeTgfXb
h i
,
, 9K
.0 ><@A_`>ACyR2=E&CH1MDNCZUC7T DN2s:A2fjAC7U?2=1&R25:<6L:A2e:ACKDNC7EFU/6L@B8;EGL8t:A6L1MDc8;@<4H698f8f>A@/4HCH@dDFCH@B8;E:ACZCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1Hp
G98U?8nY=2=EHXT 8:AC?GL8;1f_`>AC?R2s:ACHU/2=1f2=\A13CHE3]^8;El:AC71F:AC#GL8 6LCHE3EN81FC/CH@A47>ACH@dDFEN8;@DN8;@GICWx32=1f_`>AC?1F>
8;T @Ab;>AGL2yRB8;EN8^G8;T 4KDN6L472.4H8;CR2=E:<CH\B8}x32e:<CoG98+4n8;RB8^4H6L:A8;:a6L@<13DNE3>AU/CH@dDc8;GsjB8;476LC7@A:A2e6LU/R2=1F6I\AGLC13>kU?C
:A6I:B8<hGrRB8;EF8;G98}x3C+UXT @A6IU?2eU/CH:A6I\AGLCZ13C.CH@<4H>AC7@`DFEN8k8;GIEFC7:ACH:A2;E:AC+GL2;1 <p SRB8^EN8S6I@A13DFEF>AU/CH@dDF2=1
CH@OCHG CH1FRA8;4H6I2 .Y:AC <p = PRB8;EF8P6L@<13DNE3>AU/CH@dDN2=1+CH@DF6LC7EFEN85hZ&1.:ACH476LE.@`>AC713DFEN8;1tGI6LU/6IDN8;4H6I2=@ACH1CH@
G98^1U/CH:<6L:B8;1&:AC7GvRA8;EN8;GL8}x3CZCH1MDNCHGL8;E&@A2=1RvC7EFU/6IDNC7@?:<C7DNC7EFU/6L@B8^E1A2=T GL2fGL8l:A6I13DN8;@A4H6L8l:<CyC713DNE3CHGIG98;1&_`>AC
1FCyCH@A47>ACH@dDFEN8;@[8SU/CH@<2=1:ACy>A@A2=1 lRv4Q Q85h G h psRA8;EN8lU?C7:A6L:B8^1:AC71F:ACeC7GvC71FRB8^4H6L2lY SR4
/85h G h QRB8^EN8G98;1o_`>ACl1F2;@jAC74cjB8;1+Rv2;Eg6L@A1MDNEF><U?C7@`DF2=1ZCH@ 6LC7EFEN85h
2=@fCH1MDc8;1!GI6LU/6IDc8^4H6L2;@ACH1r1F6I@fCHUa\B8^EFb=2gC7GdUCKT DN2s:A2o:AC7GdRB8;EN8^G98}x3CDFEF6Ib=2=@Z2=T U/C7DFEF6I4H2136Lb=><C4H2=@A136L:AC7EN8;@
:A2=13CfCHGUm8;T 1gRAEFC74H6I1F2/RB8;EN8kCJ<R<GL2=EF8;EgG98;1g:<6LU/CH@A136L2=@AC71g:ACHG><@A6I];CHEF132P6I@AU?C7:A698DN2Ah
DNE32=1oUC7T DN2s:A2=1><DN6IGL6 8;:A2;1R2=EC7Gq8^DF1FE32;VMXT 136L4H2<p<8;GIb=>A@A2;1:ACeGI2=147>B8;GLC71oU/CH@A476L2=@B8^EFCHU/2=18a1F>:AC
\A6I:A2+DF6LC7U?R2yC7@QC7GsDFCKJsDN2Ap^1F2=@QRv2=E CWx3C7U?R<GL2+CHG`RB8;EF8;G98}x3C&C713Dc8^:XT 1MDN6L472Ap;C7G`RB8;EN8^G98}x3C&CH13RvC747DFEF2=1342=T RA6I4H2
YlCHG`>A132t:AC]^8;E3698;\<GLCH1!47C7VCH6I:B8;14H2=U/2 ;4n8;@A:<CHG98^1 .C713DB8;T @A:B8;EoC713DNC>AT GIDF6LU/2gCH1472=U><T @SC7@aCHGsCH1MDN>A:A6I2
:AC7G>A@A6I];CHE31F2/CKJsDNEF8;bd8;Gn8;T 47DF6L4H2dKh
(
! "$#
%
& %
k'
l, -,3,
`
<, -, 47
,3,3,
66 ,3,
'
k'
&7
[7
a7
[7
Nifg Kc
qXbWdc
*
L
^
I
F
`
_
l
L
M
u
T
S
Z
H
]
I
F
G
N
F
O
V
C
k
L
b
U
]
k
L
X
C
Z
g
k
L
X
s
U
H
H
|
U
K
u
k
L
>
S
k
L
b
U
L
\
~
H
M
J
H
M
f
C
l
_
I
F
I
U
I
U
O
L
%
S
J
H
Z
H
h
N
G
E
T
S
H
I
U
I
U
R
L
N
v
j
j
j
/ A NhETL"] VOSTSGH[NhuVOCKJHL8UILJHBiXCXFI] F VRj CpJHtuVkETH CX] FILXWKrfMH uXLOSTL`HZUY]ZLONGV"JH UbL8UIfMg HZNhEGHZUILOSZWKSGH[]BFIsKHtH U CXVO_tsXSGHtJMH
0214365879;:<5=!>!=
2=@A:A8<h >B8;@A:A2[CHGVE3CH@dDNC?8;GI4n8;@ 8CHG2=\A13CHEM];8^:A2=EHp!13>EN8^:A6L2C71S6Ib=>B8;G8 :ACkDc8;GU/25:<2_s><C?GL8
CH@<CHEFbAXT 8?_`>ACa8^DNEF8]s6ICH1N8?CH@GL8?>A@A6I:B8;::ACQDN6ICHU/Rv2/G98/>A@A6I:B8;:O:<C8;T E3Cn8<pv2PCHG \AE36LGLGI24H2=@)C7G_`>ACa13C
@A2=1ZRAE3CH13CH@dDc8/G98aCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8<pA13CHEB8T 6Lb;>B8;G8<p
3
z8&`
`
#
# %
,=
H
@O]s6LEMDN>A::ACQGL8?EFC7G98;4762=T @[:AC 2=b=132=@qpG98/UP8;b;@A6IDF>A:O8^RB8;EFC7@dDNCQ:<CQG98CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8?2=E36Lb=6I@B8;G p )pvY[GL8
U?8;b=@A6wDN>A:/8;RB8^EFCH@dDFCy:AC+G98eE3CHRAGI6L4n8e136IDN>A8;:B8l8 fR4;p R2=E&:ACKuB@A6L4762=T @GL8lU?8;b=@A6wDN>A:8^\A1F2=GI><Dc8=
1FCfE3CHG98^4H6L2;@B8;@8;1HXT p
,
,
9KJ
5:
EGFIH
9KJ
9KJ
"EGFqH
9KJ
h d
;R4
:A2=@<:ACf4n8;\CfEFCH472=EF:A8;EZ_s><C :ACH\CfCKJ5RAEFC71N8;E31FCSCH@[Rv4^h
C)U?8;@ACHEF8_`>AC4H2=@A2s4H6I:B8G98U?8;b=@<6IDN><:8;RB8;E3CH@dDNC):<C{><@B8CH13DFEFC7GLG98Ym1F>:A6L1MDc8;@<4H698~:ACKDNCHE
U/6L@B8;\<GLCH1ZR2=EZG982=\A13CHE3]^8;4762=T @BZR25:<CHU/2=1yR2=E+G98CH47>B8;4H6n2=T @8^@`DFCHE36L2=EZ4H2;@A2547CHEy1F>OU?8;b=@<6IDN><:O8;\
1F2;GL><DN8kY#Rv2=EoDN8;@dDN2/8;:A_`>A6IEF6IEg6L@<V2=E3UP8^4H62;T @P1F2;\AEFCl1F>[@B8^DF>AEN8;GIC 86I@dDNEHXT @A1FC74n8<h
L
EKFqH
9KJ
-(
M
B'
B@ 8#CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8P4H><Y=8UP8;b;@A6IDF>A:)8;RB8^EFCH@dDFCaCH1 Ap = DN6ICH@ACa8;1F2s4H6L8;:A2#>A@)RA8;EN8;GL8}x3CQ:<C
<p <h >Z8;T GC71Z1F>OU?8;b=@<6IDN><:8;\A1F2;GL><DN8 dh
OPRQTSVUWYX
a+(
, -,3/7 *
a
z 8k:A6L1MDc8;@<4H6988kG98aC713DFEFCHGIG98k4H2;@A1F6I:ACHEF8;:B8kCH17p
R4 R4
:ACfU/25:<2k_s><CS13>U?8;b=@A6wDN>A:8^\A1F2=GI><Dc8kE3CH1F><GIDc8k13CHEZRv2;EoDc8;@dDN2<p
XbWdcfeTgfXb
h i
L
EKFqH
9KJ
,M
,3/
+(
`
=
NEGFqH
9KJ
`
+(
(}/
'
! "$#
%
& %
'6
+,
'
+(
'
-(
6Y2
OPRQTSVUWYX
*
XbWdcfeTgfXb
h i
z 8kUP8^b=@A6IDF>A:8;\A132=GL>5Dc8k:ACl8;Ua\B8^1gCH13DFEFC7GLG98^1gCH13DB8/T :A8;:B8Rv2=E7p
A
L
NEGFqH
9KJ
,
M
13>A13DFEN8nY=C7@A:A2 :AC YlDNCH@<6LCH@<:A2tCH@k47>ACH@dDN8t_s><C [R2=E GL2y_s><C
13Cl2;\<DN6ICH@AC^p
!
A
NEGFIH
9KJ
,BM
=,
R2=EgG98^1gRAEF2=R<6LCH:A8;:ACH1Z:ACfGL8QV>A@A4H6n2=T @[GL2=bd8^EF6IDFU?2<p
_A
EGFIH
9KJ
,oM
EGFIH
9KJ
,-M
:ACl8;_`>qXT 472=U/2/C7EN8k:AClCH13RvC7EN8;E31FC;h
z 8U?8;b=@A6wDN>A:{8;\<1F2=GI><Dc8Y8;RB8;E3CH@dDNC?:ACP8^GLb=>A@A8;1f:ACPC713DNE3CHGIG98;1f4H2;@A25476L:B8^1SC71QRAE3CH1FC7@dDc8;:B8CH@GL8
Dc8^\AG98 h ht>ACH:B84H2;U?2k>A@[CWx3C7EF476L4H6I2kRB8;EF8C7GGLC747DN2;EoDNEN8Dc8;Eo:<Cl2;\<DNC7@ACHEZG98a:<6L13DN8;@A47698k8k:A6L4cjA8;1
CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1g><DF6LGL6 8;@<:A2aG98kE3CHG98^4H62;T @EFCH476KC7T @2=\5DNCH@<6L:B8<h
+A
_A
NEGFqH
9KJ
DA
3|
"t
#
%
t
&
I
Lnea
de Absorcin
Continuo
Trmico
6Ib=>AEF8 h &13RvC747DFEF2P132=G98^EHh
*+%/H%/$ 'Ha e"$&tnHa ( " e$S"()$ ;e*Z", l
>AEF8;@dDNCf>A@B8/2=\A1FC7E3]^8;4762=T @[U~8^T 1+:<C7DNC7@A6L:A8/:AClG98^1+C713DFEFCHGIG98;17pB2;DNE32?EF8;1Fb;2?13><Y=2?1FCljB8;4HClC7]s6I:ACH@dDNC
DN2s:B8;1/RB8;E3CH47CH@RAE3CH1FC7@dDc8;E#><@m4H2;GL2=E/4n8;EF8;47DFCHEHXT 13DF6L472Ah0.>A@<_s><CG98UP8nY;2=EnXT 8{:ACCHGIG98;1?8;RB8;E3CH47CH@
4H2;U?2RA>A@dDN2=1k:<C#GL> p G98[bd8;U?8:ACP4H2=GI2=EFC71QCH@GL8RB8^GLC7DN847CHGLC713DFC#CH1k\B8^13Dc8^@`DFC
EF6I4n8<h
8;4H6IGLU/CH@dDNC.Rv2s:ACHU/2=1g2=\<1FCHEM]^8;EyC713DFEFCHGIG98;1gE32xF8;1Z4H2;U?2 CKDNCHGIb=CH><1FCP EF69Y0.@dDc8^EFCH1Q i 4H2`p
@B8;EF8;@xF8;14H2=U/2a0.GI:ACH\A8;EN8;@) 8;>rpB8;U?8;EF6IGLG98^14H2=U/2 6Lb=C7G eCH@dDN8;>AEF6I1f CH@rY 8;RCHGLGL8#
0.><EcKp];CHE3:ACH14H2;U?20yGL\A6IEFC72Ap\AGL8;@A4H8;1a4H2;U?2 C7bd8 z YsEclY8 >AGICH1a472=U/2 6Lb=C7Gt EF69eY
i 6IEF6L2[ UP8=Kh
t>CHT 4H8;EN8;4KDNC7EnT 1MDN6I4n8?VMT 1F6L4H8/:<CaG98/CH13DFEFC7GLG98/:AC7DFCHE3U?6I@B8?13>)4H2=GI2=E =h.&1MDN>A:<698;E3CHU/2=1.C7@):AC7DN8;GLGICSGL8
EFC71FRA><CH13DN8P8CH1MDcX 8RAEFC7b=X >A@dDc8<h
G!8;@Z8;T GI6L136L1C71FRCH4KDNEF2;1F4H2;RA6L472?:ACfGL8aGL> C713DNC7G98;E7pAUa>AC713DFEN81F6LC7U?R<EFCeG98aR<EFCH13CH@A47698:ACf>A@4H2=@dDF6L@`>A2
1F2;\AEFCfCHG_`>ACl1F><RvC7EFR2=@ACH@G XT @ACn8;12/\A8; @A:B8;1+:ACl8;\A132=EF4762=T @YC7@O8^GLb=>A@A8;1g254H8;1F6I2=@AC71g:ACfCHU/6L1F6n2=T @qh
z 84n8^EN8;4KDNEFC7EnXT 13DN6I4n8;1?:AC:A6I4cjA2472=@dDN6L@`>A2 ]=C7EPuBb=>AEF8 h KpZ@A2;1PEFC74H>AC7EF:B8^@:<C6L@AU/CH:<698^DF2C7G
CH13RvC747DFEF2P:<CHG:AC7@A2=U/6L@B8;:<2 =4H>AC7EFR2?@<CHb=E32 Ah
z 8RAEFC71FC7@A4H6L8:<C:A6L4cjA2)472=@dDN6I@s><2)6LU/RAGL6I4n8Rv2=ESDc8;@dDN2)_`>ACGL8;1aC713DNE3CHGIG98;1SCHU/6IDNC7@EN8;:<698;4762=T @CH@
DN2s:A2lCHGBC71FRCH47DFEF2aC7GLC747DNE32=U?8;b=@CKT DN6L472Ah CHE32Q@A2SGL2fjB8;47CH@?>A@A6IV2;EFU/CHU/CH@dDNC 476LCHEMDc8;1GL2;@Ab=6IDF>A:AC71:AC
2=@A:A8+13C];CHEB8^T @SV8n]=2=E3CH476L:B8;1 1F2;\AEFC2;DNEF8;1 8;G`4H2=@dDFEF6L\<>A6LE472=@S><@B8yU?8nY=2=E!CH@<CHEFbAXT 8Z8;G`4H2=@dDF6L@`>A2ZDN2;DN8;G h
z 8kGL2=@Ab;6IDN><::ACf2=@A:B8k_`>ACl4H2=E3EFCH13Rv2;@A:ACHEA8?T 8kGL8472=U/Rv2=@<CH@dDNCfU/2=@A2s4HEF2;U~8^T DF6L4H8SUm8;T 1g6L@dDNC7@A1N8:AC7G
4H2;@`DF6L@`>A2/CH1MDNCHGL8;EHp<CH13DB8/T :A8;:B8<pBC7@[]s6LEMDN>A::ACfGL8GIC7YP:AC 6LCH@ pBRv2=E7p
6!2
W Ni%e0X
cW
37
QTSVUfQ
c
Q
6QTW W
LRJML
UbL JF-iK]BfXU)E>LOJ JHaJMHBiXCMFISuKLkS>L<H UIUIL fXCXL NhfXuKHZShiK] F-He]BVOCK]BSTHBETL W{CXV4JH sHa] VOC! fMCKJF-S>NGHpHZNhETL ] VOC UbL
EGHZ_`uKHZSTLkEGfMS>L"NGfMuKHZShi]BFbLkU!JMHtUbL"HZNhEGSTH UIUbL8_`FING_8LMv#"!LJF$! H STH CX] FIL"H CEGSTHtH[N\E>LONJMVRN]ZLkCEGFbJMLRJHZN NhHlJFINT]BfMEGFIS L8
j ZH CpUbL
! "$#
%
& %
Rojo
Violeta
10,000 K
5,000 K
-( 2
a:
B'
)(
8:
k'
3|
"t
#
%
t
&
Transparencia
100%
3500 A
4400 A
5500 A
!2
<7
37
XbS
Q h
.ge0X
N
h i
4:
NEGFIH
9KJ
G,
BA
DA
NEGFIH
9KJ
K,
BA
a:
47
%CiXU-EGSTV`HZNzfMCHZU-HZ_lHZCEGV
7 a:
6 ,
! "$#
%
& %
y2=Ua\<EFC
C7b=>AGI>A1 5p
C7GLG98DNEF6 J 5p
0yGIDc8^6LE <p =
0.EF4KDN>AE3>A1 p
8;\AG98 h @A:<6L4HCf:ACf472=GL2=E:ACl8;GLb=><@B8;1gCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1Hh
DNC7@ACHESCH@4H>AC7@`DN8OCH1MDNC?jACH4cjA2CHG8;13DFEF2;VWXT 1F6I4H26L@dDNE325:<>A4HC/GL2=1f:AC7@A2=U/6L@B8^:A2=1 @A:A6I4HC71S:AC 2=GL2;E Ap
:ACKuB@A6L:<2=1&4H2=U/2SGL8;1:A6wVCHEFC7@A4H6L8;18;EF6wDNUC7T DF6L4n8^1CH@dDFEFC.GL8;1U?8;b=@A6wDN>A:AC71CH@?G98;1:A6I13DF6L@dDc8;1\A8;@A:B8;1:AC7G
1F6I13DFCHU?8?V2;DN2;UCKT DNEF6I4H2Ahy@CHG136L1MDNCHU?8?C713DB8;T @A:B8;Ee13Ca:ACKuB@ACH@GI2=1 @A:<6L4HC71 Y pvCH1MDNC
>AT GIDF6LU/2Q:ACfb=EF8;@EFC7GLC7]^8;@<4H698aY>5DN6LGI6L:B8^:#CH@[CHGC713DN><:A6L2:ACfG98^1gCH13DFEFC7GLG98^1Hh
y2^DNCH13Ca_`>ACa136 <pvCH@dDN2=@<4HCH1 Y[R2=EyGI2?DN8;@dDN2#GL8/C713DNE3CHGIG98?13CQ]=C7EB8PT Um8;T 1 d8 >AG Ah
2;E+C7G4H2=@dDFEN8;E36L2k1F6 <pBC7@dDN2=@A47CH1 YG98kCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8a1FC7EB8T U~8;T 1ZE32xF8<h
@GL8QDc8;\<G98 h 1FClRAE3CH1FC7@dDc8?C7G&XT @A:<6L4HCe:<Cl472=GL2;E :<CS8^GLb=>A@A8;1gCH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1g4H2=@<25476L:B8;17h
13DF>A:A6LC7U?2;1.8;j<2=EN8:AClUP8;@<CHEN8kUm8;T 1Z4H>B8^@`DF6IDN8^DN6w];8kGL8/E3CHG98^4H62;T @[CJ56L13DFCH@dDNCSCH@dDNE3CSC7G!4H2=GI2=Eg:ACl>A@B8
CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8<pA47>B8;@dDN6wuB4n8;:<2/R2=Eg13>XT @<:A6L47Ct:ACf4H2=GI2=EHp5Y1F>DNC7U?RCHEF8^DN>AEF8kC7VCH4KDN6w];85h
8^E3Dc8^U?2=1:ACGL8y:ACKuB@A6I4H62;T @a:ACHG XT @A:<6L4HC&:AC4H2=GI2=E p;RB8;EF8.GL2y_`>ACo><DF6LGL6 8;E3CHU/2=1G98^1CH47>B8;476L2=@AC71
4^h h Y{ 4^h h d
!
0._`>qXT pBCHGq\<EF6LGIGL2a:<ClGL8kCH13DFEFC7GLG98aC7@GL8k\B8;@A:B8 CH1MDc8;EA8/T :A8;:A2Rv2;E
. '
'B,
B' , 6
+ ,
+
6
)( 2 =
p73=
[7
7
-(
EKFqH
,
9KJ
N,
-A
A
,
K(
(
3|
"t
#
%
t
&
uB@B8^GLU/CH@dDNCeC7G\AEF6IGLGL2QCH@[G98a\B8;@<:B8 C713Dc8^EB8kT :B8;:A2?8;RAE32nJ<6IUP8^:B8;U/CH@dDNCtR2=E7p
!
:ACfU/25:A2k136LU/6LGL8;EHp
!
:ACeDc8^GqUP8^@ACHEF8_`>AC^prRv2=EgGL8a:AC7uA@A6L4762=T @:AC p
!
h
2=@A:<CtjACHU/2=1oGIG98;U?8;:A2
h&G ]^8;GI2=E:<C CH1MDr8kT :B8;:<2aRv2;EoG98QGIC7Y/:AC G98^@A4 rp
i >A1MDN6wDN><Y;CH@A:A2?CH@ 4;h h _s><CH:B8<p
j
NEGFIH
9KJ
p:
[A
A
GL2;b
9
9KJ
9&
9%$
9%$
5
@
@
+) **
*
,
A
9KJ
NEGFIH
9KJ
,3,,3,
DA
`
,3,
6
NEGFqH
9KJ
(3(},3,
_A
`
&
,3/3,
/3,
d
_`>ACl4H2=E3EFCH13Rv2;@A:ACl8/GL8aEFC7G98;4762=T @\A><1F4n8^:B8<h
i 6DF2=UP8^U?2=1 RB8;EN8 "5plCHG]^8;GI2=Et:AC
mEFC71F>AGwDc81FC7ESR<>ACH1 5p p:AC
:A2=@<:ACeuB@B8;GIU?C7@`DFC;p
h
CH\CEFC74H2=E3:B8;EF13C_s><C?C713Dc8EFC7G98;4762=T @{8;R<EF2nJ56LU?8;:B8PV>A@A476L2=@A8\<6LCH@1A2=T GL2RB8;EF8 5p1F>
]^8;GL6I:AC 8DFCHU/RvC7EN8^DF>AEN8;1U?8nY=2=E3CH1CHU/RA6LC 88)Dc8;Ua\A8;GLCH8;EHh@|CHGIG981FC]=C7EF6wuB4n8<pCHGgE3CH1F><GIDc8^:A2
2=\<DFCH@A6I:A2S8;@dDNCHE36L2=E3U?C7@dDNC 1F6 "5p ?GL8lC713DNE3CHGIG98eCH18 >AG9Y1F6 "5p
[G98aC713DFEFCHGIG98kCH1ZE32x36 8dKh
CHRAE3CH1FC7@dDc8CH1MDc8@`>AC713DFEN8RAE36LU/CHEN8EFC7G98;4762=T @|CH@dDFEFCO><@B84n8^@`DF6L:B8^:m2=\<DFCH@A6I:B8R2=E/U?C7:A6L2;1?2=\
1FC7E3]^8;476L2=@B8^GLCH17pC7GfT @A:<6L4HC:<C[472=GL2;E Y>A@RA8;EB8;T U/C7DFEF2)VMXT 136L472):ACG98)CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8U/6L13UP85p1F>
DNC7U?RCHEF8^DN><EN8kC7VC747DNX 6w]^8<h
! "$#
%
& %
,3,3,3,
'B,
,3/3,
,3,3,3,
,3,3,3,
,3,3,3,
'
*
XbWdcfeTgfXb
h i
,3/3,
'
XbWYXbS
Q h
Nifg c
.ge
A NhETL H UIHZ]Z]BF VOj CtNGH KLO]BHxuH CXNTLkCXJMVH CH U MH[] MVJMHxrfMHxHZNhEGSTH UIUILRNyFbNhfKLkUI_lHZCEGHxsMUILOCX] RL N WL UILRN!rfMHzLONGFImOCXLOSGHZ_lVN
LkSTsMF-EGS>LkSTFILO_`H CEGH fMCcdCXJMFI] H JH ] VOUIVOS
XWZuMSTHZNGH CE>LkCEGHZ_luH S>LETfMS>LON}H ! HZ] ETFLRN|JH OL U-STHZJH[JVOS|JMHDU-VN)
ZADU|sXSGFIU-UIV8rfMH uMSGH[NhHZCETLkCNGF|NhHUbLON{] VOUIVy]ZLkS>LtL )lu3]JHUbLzFIH STS>L
3}
#
"t
"! B# #
%
636
@A:<6L4HCf:ACf472=GL2=E
4H8;GL47>AG98;:<2
<p
Ap
<p
<p
<p d
p
<p
<p
p
<p
<p =
<p
<p
<p
p
<p
<p
p
p
<p
<p
<p
<p
p
<p
<p
p=
p
<p =
p
<p
p
p
<p
p
p
p
p
p
p =
p
p
8;\AGL8 h C7G98;4762=T @:AC7G&XT @A:<6L4HCe:<Cl472=GL2;E 472=@C7GqV8;47DF2=Eg:ACf4H2;EFEFC74H4762=T @\2=GL2=UC7T DFEF6I4n8Ph
4H2;@G98Q_`>ACe2=\<1FCHEM]^8;EF6L8;U?2;1o8aG98SCH13DFEFC7GLG98S1F6q@`>AC713DNE32=1g1F6I13DFCHU?8;1o:ACe:ACKDNC74H4H6n2=T @V>ACHEF8;@1FC7@A1F6I\AGLC71Z8
DN2s:B8;1gGL8;1gGL2;@Ab=6IDF>A:AC71g:ACf2=@A:B8<h
2;T U?2):ACKDNC7EFU/6L@B8;EQG98OU?8;b=@A6wDN>A:\2=GI2=UCKT DNE36L4n8[:AC>A@B8)C713DNE3CHGIG98 =h&GgUC7T DF25:<2)U~8;T 1Q:A6LE3CH47DF2
1FC7EnXT 8?CHG :ACa472=@A1MDNEF><6LE+:AC7DFCH47DF2=EFC71t1FC7@A1F6I\AGLC71e8?GL8?U?8nY=2=E+RB8;EMDNCQ:<CHG CH1FRCH4KDNE32CHGLC747DFEF2=U?8;b=@CKT DN6I4H2Ap
GL2;1S47>B8;GLC71a:AC7\vC7EnXT 8^@8;:AC7U~8;T 1S1FC7EQ1F6wDN>B8^:A2=1QR2=ElV>ACHEF8O:AC#GL8O8^DFU~2=T 1MVCHEF8[DNC7EFE3CH13DFEFC#RA8;EN8OCK]s6IDc8^E
G98P8;\A1F2;EF4H6n2=T @):ACk476LCHEMDc8;1.\B8;@A:B8^1e:ACHGC71FRCH4KDNEF2[CHGICH4KDNEF2;UP8;b;@C7T DF6L4H2?Rv2;EtRB8;EMDNCk:ACkC7GLG985hf&1MDN21F6I@
CHUQ\B8;EFb;2DFCH@A:<EnXT 8k>A@[4H2;13DN2/CH472=@Z2=T U/6L472aY#DNC74H@A2;G2=T b=6I4H2k\B8^13Dc8^@`DFCQ8^GIDN2<h
@[Um2=T :ACHGI21F6LU/RAGICe2;VEFC74HCf>A@B8/1F2=GI>A4H6n2=T @U?C x32=EHhG!U?2s:ACHGI28;1F><U?Cf_`>AClRv2s:ACHU/2=1ZCKJ5RAE3CH1F8;E.GL8
U?8;b=@A6wDN>A:a\2=GI2=UCKT DNE36L4n8Z:ACg>A@A8fC713DFEFCHGIG98.C7@kD5CHT E3U?6I@A2=1:ACg1F>U?8;b=@A6wDN>A:Q8;\A1F2;GL><DN8tRv2=EG98.E3CHG98^4H62;T @
GL6I@ACn8^G p
h =
:A2=@<:AC
CH1Z>A@B84n8^@`DF6L:B8^:[@<CHbd8^DF6I]^8 Z4H2;@A25476L:B8k472=U?2C7G
h
Gq]^8;GL2=Eg:<CHGqV8;4KDN2=Eg:ACl4H2;EFEFC74H4762=T @[\v2;GL2=UC7T DFEF6L4H8Q:AC7RvC7@A:ACHEA8?T :ACfGL8kVEF8;4H4762=T @:ACfGL8C7@ACHE3bBXT 8aDF2;Dc8;G
CHU/6IDF6L:B8kR2=EZG98CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8V>AC7EN8P:<CHG!EN8;@<b=2?]s6L136L\AGIC;hg@CH1FCS1FC7@`DF6L:A2<pvC71.:ACSCH1FRCHEF8;EF13CQ_`>ACSCKJ56L1MDc8
>A@B8fEFC7G98;4762=T @k6IU?R<G XT 476IDN8+472=@?C7GB4H2=GI2=E:ACZGL8fC713DFEFCHGIG98<p;EFCHGL8;4H6n2=T @kCKJ5RAE3CH1F8;:B8S47G98;EF8;U/CH@dDNCgC7@?GL8eDN8;\AGL8
h <pA:A2;@A:ACf1FClRAEFC71FC7@`DN8?C7Gq];8^GL2=EoU/CH:<6L:A2k:AC
RA8;EN8k:A6I13DN6I@dDN2=1o]^8;GI2=EFC71g:ACHGXT @<:A6L47C h
2=@A2s4H6ICH@A:<2aG98lUP8;b;@A6IDF>A:?]s6L13>B8;G:ACt>A@A8QCH1MDNEFC7GLGL8# 8^RB8;EFC7@dDNCt2k8^\A1F2=GI><Dc8=&Y/1F>T @A:A6L47C.:ACy4H2=GI2=EHp
8)RB8;EMDN6LEQ:ACHGg47>B8;G pY>5DN6LGI6 8;@A:A2E3CHGL8;4H6I2=@ACH18^RAEF2nJ56LU?8;:B8;1Q4H2=U/2G98;1aCJ5RAEFC71N8;:BX 8^1PCH@|G98ODN8;\AGL8
=
. '
. *
EGFqH
', 6 ,
', ,
', ,
, -,3,
+,
+, 6
+,
+,
+, I/
+
+
+
6
+
+
'(
9KJ
'
( -(
'
( 6
( I, 6
6 I/
6 I/
6 ,
6 6
6
6
6
6
6 6
6
',
', 3
6
', ,
, -,3,
' , -,3/
', /
',
', (
' , -/
' 6
'
. '
*
*;n
I/
<
Q"e0X
6Q0e0eTgfXb
h i
XbWYXbS
Q h
.ge
6 (
! "$#
%
& %
?'
k'
*;n
*;n
*;n
*;no
*;n (A
NEGFIH
*;n
9 9 :
&:
*;n
9KJ
*;n
*;n
:ACfU/25:A2k_`>AC^p
,
*;nf
*no
*;n (A
:ACf:A2=@<:ACf1FCl1F6Lb;>AC;p
!
NEGFqH
9KJ
h =
,
h
2=U/2kG98kCH47>B8;4762=T @ 4^h h Kp 4;h h CKJ5RAE3CH1N8/G98aE3CHG98^4H62;T @#CKJ56L1MDNC7@`DFCSC7@dDNEFCf>A@A8/4H8;@dDN6L:A8;:
:ACKDNCHE3U?6I@B8;:B8k2=\<1FCHEM]^8;4H6I2=@B8;GIU?C7@`DFC 9Y><@[RA8;EB8;T U/C7DFEF2kVMXT 136L4728;1F2s4H6L8;:A28G98aCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8[ Kh
,
C
3
>
@
*;n
+p, I,
,3/3,
XbWdcfeTgfXb
h i
@ " LtU-fM_`FICMVRNGFbJMLOJ"JMH fMCKL ! fMHZCRETHJMHUIfMg ZH CLONhEGSTV! n j NGFI]ZL ZH NF-mRfXLkU3L UbL uVkETH CX] FIL&o HZCMH STm n j L H _`F-EGFbJMLuKVRS M
f CMFbJMLRJ
JH TE F-HZ_luVq
@G@
STHZ] F-sHH C&LRN\ETSGV ! n j NhFb] L HZUKCMVR_tsMSTH M
J H] VOCXNhETLOCRETH NGOV UbLkS ETF-HZCMHfMC LkUIVOSzJH6) ) _ v" OV S VOEGSTV
UbLOJ
V
"!$#&%('
3
" # O
#
%
%
6
G472=@A2s4H6IU?6ICH@dDN2:ACHGRB8;EN8^G98}x3C?@A2=1aRCHE3U?6wDNC/CH@A472=@dDNEN8^EaG98O:<6L13DN8;@A47698O8GL8_`>AC13C
136IDN>A80yEF4KDN>AE3>A1HprG98a47>B8;GE3CH1F><GIDc8k13CHEHp
R4 R4
><DF6LGI6 8^@A:A2aGL8a:A6L1MDc8;@A47698k8;1HXT 2=\<DFCH@A6I:B8aY#GL8aUP8;b;@A6IDF>A:8;RB8;E3CH@dDNCf:B8^:B8kRv2s:ACHU/2=1oC7@
]s6LEMDN>A::AC? h `.pA472=@A2s4HCHEZGL8U?8;b=@<6IDN><:8;\A1F2;GL><DN8<p
0RB8^E3DN6IEq:AC7GrXT @A:A6I4HC:<C4H2=GI2=EqR25:AC7U?2;1CKJsDNEF8;CHE:AC&GL8Dc8;\AGL8 hgC7G;]^8;GL2=Eq8;RAEF2nJ56LU?8;:A2
:AC7G5V8;4KDN2=E :ACo472=EFE3CH474H6 ;@a\v2;GL2=UC7T DFEF6L4H8<p}_`>ACoEFC71F>AGwDc8.6Ib=>B8;Gs8
Ah Co8;_`>qXT
YR2=EgGL8a:AC7uB@<6L4H6n2=T @1FCl2=\<DF6LCH@<CeG98kUP8^b=@A6IDF>A:\2=GL2=UC7T DFEF6I4n8S:<ClGL8kCH13DFEFC7GLG985p
,3/
`
)(
NEGFIH
9KJ
`
&,
DA
,
DA
*;n
&,
_A
6I@B8;GIU?C7@`DFC;p5G98aGL><U?6I@A2=1F6I:B8;:#:<Cl0yEF4KDN>AE3>A1yC713DN8;EB8T :B8;:B8kR2=EHp
};
Gy]^8;GI2=EP2;\<DNC7@A6L:A2<py8^>A@A_`>AC)@A2C7GtRAEFC74H6I1F2:AC RB8;EN8C713DN8C713DFEFCHGIG98<pgC71:ACHG
U/6L13U?2)2=E3:ACH@ h z 8{:<6IVCHE3CH@A47698)CH@dDFEFC8;Ua\2=1Hp4n8;1HXT >A@V8;4KDN2=E:AC pEN8;:<6L4n8)C7@mG98
6I@A4HC7E3DN6I:A>AUa\<EFCe:ACf4n8^@`DF6L:B8^:ACH1Z4H2;U?2kC7GRB8;EN8^G98}x3Ce:ACeGL8kCH13DFEFC7GLG985p<CHGT @A:A6I4HCe:ACf4H2;GL2=E
YQG98.472=EFE3CH4H4762=T @\2=GL2;UCKT DNEF6I4n8<pCHE3EF2=E3CH1_`>ACg132=@/8;U?R<GL6IuA4n8;:B8^1R2=EGL2;1X CKJ5R2=@AC7@A4H6L8;GLC71
6I@`];2=GL><4HEN8^:A2=1gCH@[CHG4q8;T GL47>AGL2/8;@dDFCHEF6I2=EHh
Q'),H% Q ' HQe"$&tnHa
DNE32=1a:A2=1QRB8;EN8^UCKT DNEF2;1SVMXT 136L472=1Q:ACPb=EN8;@6IU?R2=EMDc8;@A47698CH@C7GCH1MDN>A:<6L2):AC#GL8;1QC713DFEFCHGIG98;1S1F2=@13>A1
:A6IU?C7@A1F6I2=@ACH1gC71FRB8^4H698^GLCH1gY13>U?8;1F8<h
8;:B8^1aG98;1Q6L@AU/CH@A1F8;1a:A6I13DN8;@A4H6L8;1Q_`>AC@A2;1a1FC7RB8;EN8^@|:<CG98;1aC713DFEFCHGIG98;1SG98:ACKDNC7EFU/6L@B8;4762=T @:ACG98^1
:A6IU?C7@A1F6I2=@ACH1 CH13RB8;47698;GICH1 :ACC713DF2=12=\`x3C7DN2;18;1MDNEF2^VMXT 1F6I4H2=1!E3CHRAE3CH1FC7@dDc8t>A@B8ZDc8;E3Cn8+CH@aCJ5DFEFC7U?2y:A6IVMXT 4H6LG h
@RAE36LU/CHEyCH13DF6LU?8^DN6w]=2:AC7GDc8^UP8r@A 2?:ACkG98^1tCH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1Hp@A2;1eGL2#:B8C7GRAEFC74H6I1F24H2=@<25476LU/6LCH@dDF2P_`>AC
DNC7@ACHU/2=1:ACGL8;1:<6LU/CH@A136L2=@AC71:AC@`>ACH1MDNEF2 i 2=G h i 8;\CHU/2=1_s><Co1F>a:<68;T U/C7DFEF2+CH18;R<EF2nJ56LU?8;:B8;U/CH@dDNC
6Lb;>B8;G8 `Up GL2_`>AC/CH_`>A6I]^8;GIC8[><@B8;1 #]=C74HCH1SCHG&:A6n8;T U?CKDNE32:AC?@`>AC713DFEF2OR<G98;@ACKDc8<h
i 6136IDN>A8;EN8;U/2=1oC7G i 2=G8G98a:A6I13DN8;@A4H6L88/GL8a_s><CS13ClC7@A4H><CH@dDNEF8PG98aC713DNE3CHGIG98kU~8^T 1o]=CH476L@B8?8;Gq136L13DFCHU?8
1F2;G98;E/
t1F>Dc8;U?8r@A 28;@<b=>AG98^Ee8;RB8;E3CH@dDNC/1FC7EnXT 8 5p {p!Ua><Y)R2=Ef:AC7\B8}x32[:AC
G98EFC71F2=GI>A4H6n2=T @8;@Ab=>AGL8;Ef:AC/GL2=1lU?C x32=EFC71SC7_`>A6LR2=1fDc8;@dDN2CH@ 6ICHE3EN84H2=U/2C7@CHG&C71FRB8;476L2Ah 8^:B8
CH1MDc8/GL6LU/6IDN8;@dDNC^p 25:AC7U?2;1y:AC74H6IE+_`>ACl1B2;T GL2/4H2=@A2s4HC7U?2;1+C7GDc8;U?8@A 2k:ACl@`>ACH1MDNEN8?CH13DFEFC7GLG98kU?8;:AE3C
Yk_`>AC+CHGB472=EFE3CH1FR2=@A:<6LCH@dDFC.8f2;DNEF8;1&CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1CH16LU/Rv2;1F6L\<GLC:<C+472=@A2s4HC7E =h&GB6L@Ab=C7@A6L2ej`>AU?8;@A2l1F6I@
C
3
>
@
6 /
636
`
,3,3,
,3,
, I,3,
E
5:
CHUQ\B8;EFb;2#1F6ICHU/RAEFCa13CaG98^1t8;E3EFCHb;G98PRB8^EN8P13>ARvC7EN8;E.GL2=1y2=\A13DB8;T 4H><GL2=1t_`>ACkGICQ6IU?R2=@AClG98P@A8^DN>AEF8;GLC 8<p
YC713DNCl4n8^1F2/@A2CH1Z>A@B8CKJ54HC7Rv4762=T @ h
z 8k:AC7DFCHEFU/6L@A8;4H6n2=T @:A6LE3CH47DN8k:ACHG!:A6n8;T U?CKDNE32k:ACl8;GLb=><@B8;1gCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1gjB81F6I:A2Rv2=136L\AGICeCH@[CHGRAE3CH13CH@dDNC
b=EF8;4H6L8;1Z8;Gq:AC71N8;E3EF2=GIGL2k:ACfGL8a:ACH@A2;U?6I@B8;:B8aD5C7T 4H@A6I4n8k:AClG98a6I@`DFCHEMVCHEF2;U?CKDNEHXT 8<h
z 86I@`DFCHEMVCHEF2;U?CKDNEHXT 8 CHEluBb=>AEF8 h l472=@A136L13DFCPC7@G98[2=\A1FC7E3]^8;4762=T @136LUa><GIDc8^@ACn8:ACP><@2=\sx3CKDN2
R2=E.:A2;1t2U~8^T 1.6L@<13DNE3>AU/CH@dDN2=1.EFCH47CHR<DF2=EFC71 DNCHGICH134H2=RA6I2=1Hp!8^@`DFCH@B8^1t:ACaEF8;:A6L2d+1FC7RB8;EF8;:A2=1tR2=Ey>A@B8
:A6I13Dc8^@A4H6L8e8;:ACH47>B8;:B85h z 8e6I@<V2=EFU?8;4762=T @S2=\<DNC7@A6L:A8fR2=EDF25:A2;1GL2=16I@`DFEF>AU/CH@dDF2=1CH14H2=UQ\A6L@B8^:B8tRv2;E
U/CH:A6I2=1C7GLCH4KDNEA2=T @A6L472=1Hp;RAEF2s4HC71F2eCH@kC7G<47>B8;G<13Co]=Co6I@A4HE3CHU/CH@dDc8^:B8t4H2=@<1F6L:<CHEN8^\AGLC7U?C7@`DFCoG98+EFC71F2=GI>A4H6n2=T @
8;@Ab;>AG98;E_s><CS1A2=T GL2k>A@<2?:ACfGI2=1g6L@A1MDNE3>AU?C7@dDN2=1ZR25:AEHXT 8a2=\5DNCH@<CHEHh
@UCKT DN2s:A2/6L@A:A6IEFC747DN2RB8^EN8?GL8k:AC7DFCHEFU/6L@A8;4H6n2=T @:<CSGL8;1Z:A6LU/CH@A136L2=@<CH1ZCH13RB8;4H6L8;GLC71y:<CSGL8;1ZCH13DFEFC7GLG98^1
CH1ZRAE32]56I13DF2?R2=EgCHGC713DF>A:A6L2:AClG98aEF8;:A6L8;4H6n2=T @_`>ACfCHGLGL8;1gCHU/6IDFCH@qh
2=@A136L:AC7EFC7U?2=1a8G98CH13DFEFC7GLG98[>A@B8OC713VC7EN8:AC#EF8;:A6I2 _s><C#CHU/6IDFC?EF8;:A698^4H62;T @~4H>AC7EFR2)@ACHb=E32`fY
4H>5Yd8PDNC7U?RCHEF8^DN><EN8P13>ARvC7E3uB47698;G G98/1F>AR2=@AC7U?2;1.6Lb;>B8;G 8PG98DNC7U?RCHEF8^DN>AEF8?CKVCH47DF6I]^8#8;132547698;:A8P8PGL8
CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8kCH@O47>ACH1MDN6n2=T @qhoG!CH1MDN>A:<6L2/:ACSGL8kCHU/6L1F6n2=T @:AClEN8;:<698;4762=T @:ACl>A@4H>AC7EFR2?@AC7b=EF2?@A2=1ZEFCK]=C7G98
_`>AC+G98eCH@AC7EFbAXT 8fDF2;Dc8^GACHU/6IDF6L:B8tR2=E&G98e>A@A6I:B8;:/:AC8;T EFCH8l:<CHGr4H>AC7EFR2ApsCH@/G98e>A@A6I:B8;:/:AC+DF6LC7U?R2eCH1MDr8 T
:B8;:A8R2=E7p
! "$#
%
& %
C
OPRQTSVUWYX
*
,,
XbWdcfeTgfXb
h i
3
" # O
#
%
%
d
6
! "$#
63
%
& %
8^RvC7GLG98
p
EF2s47Y;2=@
p
p
6Ib=CHG
=
CH@<CH\
8;\AGL8 h 6L8;U/C7DNE32=1oC713DNC7G98;E3CH1Z:ACKDNCHE3U?6I@B8;:A2;1g4H2=@[G98a6I@`DFCHEMVCHEF2;U?CKDNEHXT 8<h
6w]56I:A6LC7@A:A2QD5CHT E3U?6I@A28D5CHT E3U?6I@A2k2=\<DFCH@AC7U?2=17p
0
,
,3,
2 0
'Kjlk;jl*
'Gjlk;jd*m
'K j k;jd*
=
@dDNE325:<>A4H6ICH@A:A2
== "5
,
'Kj k;jd*
'Gjlk;jd*
'Kjlkjd*
'Kjlk;jl*
,3,
m'Gjlk;jd*
1FCf2=\<DF6LCH@<C;p
/
1361N8;\CHU/2=1Z_`>AC = DNC7@ACHU/2=1guB@B8;GIU?C7@dDNC;p
CHU/2=1gRA><CH1+4H2=U/2CHG4H2;@A25476LU/6LC7@`DF2k:ACf:A2=1ZRB8;EF8;UC7T DNE32=1oVMT 136L472=1g:ACfG98aC713DNE3CHGIG98<pA:<C7DNC7EFU/6L@B8^:A2=1Hp
4H2;U?2/1FCl]56n2?T C7@G98^1+13CH474H6L2;@ACH1yEFCH13RvC747DF6I]^8;1Hpv8?RA8;E3DF6LEZ:ACl2;DNXE32=1yRA8;EB8;T U/C7DFEF2=1Z2=\<1FCHEM]^8;4H6I2=@B8;GICH1+:AC
G98eU/6L13UP8<p;@A2=1&RAEF2];CHCH@P6L@<V2=E3UP8^4H62;T @a1F2=\<EFC+1F>A1:A6LU/CH@<1F6L2;@ACH1&CH13RB8;47698;GICH1Hh 8;:B8e1F>?1F6LU/RAGI6L4H6I:B8;:
CH1MDNCfCH1Z_`>A6 8;1gC7GUCKT DN2s:A2k:ACfU~8^T 1o4H2=E3EF6ICH@dDNCf>A132/C7@GL8k8;13DFEF2;VWXT 1F6I4n8QRB8^EN8kCH1MDN6LU?8;EoC7G Dc8^UP8r@A 2Q:AC
G98^1gCH13DFEFC7GLG98^1Hh
@GL8aU?C7:A6L:A8:<ClGL8aUP8^1N8k:ACfG98;1gC713DFEFCHGIG98;1g13Cf@A2=1Z6L@dDNC7EFR2=@AC7@2;DFEF2=1Z2=\<13Dr8^T 4H>AGI2=1Hh
8^EN8C7U?RC 8;EHpgGL8:ACKDNCHE3U?6I@B8;4762=T @|:ACOGL8U?8;1N8{:ACO><@B8CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8<poCJ<6Ib=COGL8CJ<6I13DFCH@A47698:AC>A@
4H><CHEFR2k:ACyRA EF>AC7\B8a4H2;@#CHGv_s><CtG98lCH13DFEFC7GLG98l6L@dDNC7EN8;4KD >AT Cyb=EN8n]s6IDN8;4H6I2=@B8;GIU?C7@`DFC;h 6L4cjB8S4H2=@A:<6L4H6n2=T @P13C
]=Cl1N8DN6L1MVCH4cjB8CH@CHG4H8;1F2/CH@CHG4H>A8;GG98kCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8kRvC7E3DNC7@ACH47Ca8kGL2_`>AClGL2=1Z8^13DNE32;VMXT 136L472=1gGLGL8;UP8^@#>A@
1F6I13DFCHU?8C713DFCHG98^EgU>AT GwDN6LR<GLC;h
z 2=1e1F6I13DFCHU?8;1eU>AT GwDN6IRAGLC71yC713Dr8^T @{472=@A1MDN6IDF>A6L:<2=1eRv2;Et>A@{@t>AT U?C7EF2@A2UQ><Y)b=EF8;@A:ACk:ACkC713DFEFCHGIG98;1/
2 4H2=E3EF6ICH@dDNC7U?C7@`DFCe_`>ACP2=E3\A6IDN8;@{CH@DF2=EF@A28><@4HC7@`DFEF2:ACPb=EF8n]=CH:A8;:4H2;U>AT @qh i C?47EFC7CP_`>AC
8;RAE32nJ<6IUP8^:B8;U/CH@dDNCZCHG :<C.G98^1C713DNE3CHGIG98;1CH@#C7Gv><@A6I];CHEF132aRCHE3DFCH@AC74HC7@8Q1F6I13DNC7UP8^1472=U?2lCH1MDN2=17h
V'Kjlk;jl*
3/ 3,3,,
`
!
'Gjlk;jd*
(},3,3,
!
3
" # O
#
6 /
%
%
a1
m1
a2
m2
I6 b=>AEF8 h EF8Y;CH4KDN2=E3698;1Z:ACfG98^1g4H2=U/Rv2;@ACH@dDNC71Z:ACf>A@136L1MDNCHU?8k:A2=\AGIC;h
0.:<CHUm8;T 1O:ACRvC7E3DFCH@AC74HCHE8>A@ 136L1MDNCHU?8UQ>AGIDF6LRAGIC;p.:<CH\C1FC7EOR2=1F6I\AGLC{CH1MDN>A:<698;E[CH@ :<C7Dc8^GLGLCC7G
U/2}]s6IU?6ICH@dDN2:ACG98;1S4H2=U/R2=@ACH@dDFCH1k:AC7Go1F6I13DNC7UP85p6L@<V2=E3UP8^4H62;T @8RB8^E3DN6IEQ:ACGL8O4H>A8;GRA><CH:AC:AC
:A>A476LE31FCeG98lUP8^1N8a:ACtGL8QCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8QCH@47>ACH1MDN62;T @qh&1gCH13DN8a>A@B8k:ACtGL8;1U?8nY=2=E3CH1g:A6wuB4H><GIDc8^:ACH1o472=@G98^1
_`>ACl1FCfCH@<VE3CH@dDc8CHG!8^13DNE32;VMXT 136L4728/GL8ajA2=EN8k:ACf:ACKDNC7EFU/6L@B8;EgGL8aUP8^1N8k:ACl8;GLb;>A@B8;1gC713DNE3CHGIG98;17h
13DF>A:A6LC7U?2;1+C7@:<C7Dc8^GLGLC.G98a1F6wDN>B8^4H62;T @8kGL8_`>ACf@A2;1+C7@<VEFC7@dDc8;U/2=1Hh
2;E#1F6IU?RAGI6L476L:B8;: p8;@A8;GL6I4HCHU/2=1/CHG+U?2]s6LU/6LC7@dDN2{:AC:A2=1P4H>AC7EFR2=1#:ACU?8;1F8;1P472=U?RA8;EN8;\<GLCH1/_`>AC
:AC71F4HE36L\CH@[2=EF\<6IDc8^1gCHG XT R<DN6I4n8;1CH@DN2=E3@A2/8><@47CH@dDNE32P:ACfb=EF8];CH:B8^:472=U>AT @ ]=CHE 6Ib=>AEF8 h Kh
G C713DN><:A6L2a:<C7Dc8^GLG98^:A2S:<CHG 136L1MDNCHU?8SE3C7];CHG98a:<C.6L@<U?C7:A698^DF2SGL8SCJ<6I13DFCH@A47698Q:AC.>A@B8QE3CHG98^4H62;T @PCH@dDFEFCtC7G
RCHEHXT 25:<2k:ACfG98;1g2=E3\A6IDN8;1g:ACfGL2;1g4H>AC7EFR2=1gYG98;1g:<6LU/CH@A136L2=@AC71gCH13RB8;4H6L8;GLC71Z:ACfG98;1gU/6L13UP8;17p
h
i Cf1F6Ib=>ACe:ACS8;_`>XT _`>AC^p
h d
2;E+2^DNEF2GL8;:A2Ap5CHGCH_`>A6IGL6I\AEF6I2a:ACHG136L1MDNCHU?8kb=EN8n]s6IDN8;4H6I2=@B8;GvCKJ56Lb;Cl_`>AC^p
h
:AC71FRCWxF8;@A:<2 :ACS 4;h h YQ1F>A1MDN6wDN><Y;CH@A:A2lCH@&4^h h `Kpd13CgGLGLC7bd8t8;G<EFCH13>AGIDN8;:A2Ap
i C[4H2=@<4HGL>5Y=COC7@dDN2=@A47CH1#_`>AC1F6ZR25:AC7U?2;1?:ACKDNC7EFU/6L@B8;E2=\<1FCHEM]^8;4H6I2=@B8;GIU?C7@`DFCCHGZRvC7EnXT 25:A2{:AC[>A@
1F6I13DFCHU?8/\A6I@B8;E36L2aYGL2;1+13CHU/6LC x3CH1+UP8nY=2;EFCH1+:AClG98;1[2;T EF\A6wDc8;1Z:ACl4n8;:A8/472=U?R2=@AC7@dDNC;p2=\<DFCH@A:<EnXT 8^U?2=1
CH@]s6LEMDN>A::AC7G8^@`DFCHE36L2=Eg8^@Z8;T GL6I1F6I1oCHGq]^8;GI2=Eo:ACfG98kU?8;1N8a:<Cl4H8;:B84H2=U/R2=@ACH@dDFC;h
2=U/2k]=CHE3CHU/2=1ZG98k1F6wDN>B8^4H62;T @EFCn8^G@A2CH1ZDc8;@1F6IU?R<GLC;h
8^EN8CHU/RC 8^EkG98O:ACKDNC7EFU/6L@B8;4762=T @:ACGL2=1S1FC7U?6ICWx3CH1kU?8nY=2=E3CH1k:ACGL8;1a2=E3\A6IDN8;1QC713DFCHG98^EFCH1k1A2=T GL2)C71
R2=1F6I\AGLCk136CH G1F6I13DFCHU?813CRA>ACH:<C?E3CH1F2;GI]=C7EHp CH1MDN2[CH1Hp 1F6GL8;1e4H2;U?R2=@AC7@`DFCH1f:AC7G136L1MDNCHU?88;RB8;E3CH47CH@
2 1
k'
K!
6
B
`
+
+
(},
! "$#
%
& %
6
B'
:
`
9
3h CeU/2s:A2k_`>AC;p
0
j F
F
+
9
!
F
+
9
:ACf:A2=@<:ACf2=\<DNC7@ACHU/2=1guB@B8^GLU/CH@dDNC^p
!
h =
h }
@472=@A4HGI>A1F6n2=T @qp 1F2=GI2R2s:ACHU/2=1l4H2=@A2s4HC7ESC7G];8^GL2=Ee:AC?G98UP8^1N8:AC?GL8;1fCH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1fRvC7E3DNC7@ACH476LC7@`DFCH1
8;GZ1F6I13DFCHU?81F6+R25:AC7U?2;1/:<C7DNC7EFU/6L@B8^E?GL8{:A6I13DN8;@A4H6L88{G98_`>ACO13COCH@<4H>AC7@`DFEN8;@~Y|GL8{6I@A4HGI6L@B8;4762=T @
:AC7GR<G98;@A2:AC/G98^1{2=T EF\A6wDc8;1fE3CH1FRCH4KDN2O8[GL8RCHE3RvC7@A:A6I4H>AGL8;Ef8[GL8#]56I1F>B8^G h?&1MDNC>AT GIDF6LU/2#RB8;EA8;T U?CKDNE32
!
F
F
3
" # O
#
%
%
Foco
Proyectado
rbita
Real
Visual
rbita
Aparente
Foco rbita
aparente
!2
! "$#
%
& %
y2=UQ\AEFC/1F6L1MDNC7UP8<p<4H2=U/Rv2;@ACH@dDNCn O8^1N8CH13DF6LU?8;:B8[
CH@[0
p
C7@
<p =
8;1F1+0
<p
8^1F1
<p
<p
252k0
<p
2s2
8;\AGL8 h 8;1N8k:AClG98;14H2=U/Rv2;@ACH@dDNC71y:<CS8^GLb=>A@A8;1g\A6L@A8;EF6L8;1]s6L13>B8;GLC71Hh
1FCR<EFCH13CH@dDc84H2;U?2)C7GoRAEF6I@A4H6IRB8;GGL6IU?6wDc8;@dDNCC7@|GL8O:ACKDNCHE3U?6I@B8;4762=T @:<CG98U?8;1N8O:<CG98;1a\<6L@B8;E3698;1
]s6L13>B8;GLC71Hh i >m]^8;GI2=E1F6L@CHUa\A8;EFb=2RA>AC7:AC1FC7EP2=\5DNCH@<6L:A2{DNCH@<6LCH@<:A2CH@m4H>AC7@`DN8_`>AC4H>A8;@A:A213C
2=\A13CHEM];8><@B8CHGI6LRA13CP6L@<4HGL6I@B8;:B8G98[b=CH2;U?CKDNEHT 8:ACPG98C7GL6IRA1FC?2=\A1FC7E3]^8;:B813C#U/25:A6wuB4n8 C7EaCH@GL8
uBb=><EN8 h CHGv4n8;Ua\<6L2l:ACtR2=1F6I4H62;T @?:AC.GL2=1&VX 25472=1:<C.G98lCHGI6LRA13CKp`Y?CHGb=EN8;:<2a:ACt8^GIDNC7EN8;4762=T @/RA>AC7:AC
RAE32}];CHC7Ey6I@<V2=EFU?8;4762=T @#132=\AE3ClGL8k6L@A47GL6L@A8;4H6n2=T @P:ACfGL8C7GL6IRA1FCeE3Cn8;G h
@)G98Dc8;\AGL8 h 13CaRAE3CH1FC7@dDc8#G98/UP8^1N8P:AC7:A>A476L:B8PRA8;EN8PGL8;1+4H2=U/Rv2;@ACH@dDNC71t:ACk8^GLb=>A@A8;1y\<6L@B8;E3698;1
]s6L13>B8;GLC71gCH1MDN>A:A6L8;:B8;1Z472=@GI2=1gUC7T DN2s:A2s:A2=1Z8;@dDFCHEF6I2=EFC71Hh
0m><@B8t1F6wDN>B8;4762=T @S:A6L1MDN6I@`DN8y@A2;1CH@<VE3CH@dDc8^U?2=14H>B8^@A:A2eCH16LU/Rv2=136L\AGICEFC71F2=Gw]=CHECH@kCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;18^6L1FGL8;:B8;1
CHG!136L13DFCHU?8/\<6L@B8;E36L2Ah&0y>A@A_`>ACQC7@G98k6IUP8;b;CH@:ACHG!136L13DFCHU?8?8^RB8;EFC 4H8?>A@1B2=T GI2?47>ACHE3Rv2AprE3CH1F><GIDc8^@`DFC
:AC?G98V>A1F6n2=T @:AC?G98;1f:A2;1Q4H2;U?R2=@AC7@`DFCH17pCHGCH13RvC747DNE32:AC?:A6L4cjA2O4H>AC7EFR2O4H2;@`DF6LC7@ACP>A@A8ORvC74H>AGI698;E
4n8^EN8;4KDNCHEHXT 1MDN6L4H8 G98;1gG XT @ACH8;1gCH13RvC747DNEF8;GLC71+8;RB8;E3CH4HC7@OR2=EgRB8;E3CH17h
13DFCtC7VC747DN2QCH1oCJ<R<GL6L4H8;:A2SRv2=EG98lRAEFC71FC7@A4H6L8Q:AC.:<2=1V>AC7@`DFCH1o:<C.GL> G98;1CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1472=U?R2=@AC7@dDNCH1N
_`>ACo13CUa>ACK]=C7@/C7@a:A6IEFCH474H6I2=@ACH14H2=@dDFEN8;E3698;17p;CH@S]56IE3DF>A:a:AC1F>k6L@dDFCHEN8^4H4H6n2=T @QUQ><DN>B85p;RAE325:A><4H6LC7@A:A2=13C
:AC71FRAGL8 8;U/6LC7@dDN2=1fDc8;UQ\A6KC7T @472=@dDNEN8^EF6L2;1lC7@1F><1QG XT @ACn8^1lC71FRCH4KDNEN8^GLCH17h0C713DNC/DXT Rv2[RB8;EMDN6L47>AG98^Ee:AC
1F6I13DFCHU?8\<6L@B8;E36L2k13ClGI2k:ACH@<2=U?6I@B8 h
0.><@A_`>AC?@<2[R<>ACH:AC7@U/CH:A6IEF13CkG98;1t:<6LU/CH@A136L2=@AC71e:ACG98;1e2;EF\A6wDc8;1tC713DFCHG98^EFCH1fC7@>A@{1F6I13DFCHU?8#4H2=U/2
CH1MDNC^pG98:AC7DFCHEFU/6L@A8;4H6n2=T @R<EFCH476L1F8O:ACPGL8;1f]=CHGI2=1F476L:B8^:ACH1a:<CPG98^1SC713DNE3CHGIG98;1lCH@><@1F6I13DNC7UP8[\A6L@A8;EF6I2
CH13RvC747DFEF2=134H2=RA6I4H2Apv8?R<EN8^DF6LEg:AC7G:AC71FRAGL8 8^U?6ICH@dDN2:A2=R<RAGLC7Ey:ACl1F><1.G XT @ACn8^1+C71FRCH4KDNEN8^GLCH17pv@<2=1y2^VEFCH47C
>A@B82=R2=E3DF>A@A6I:B8;::ACfCH1MDN6IUP8;EgGL8aUP8^1N8k:ACf1F>A1+CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1Hh
>ACH:<C/:<CHU/2=13DFEN8;E31FCRB8;EF8#CH13DFC4n8;132Ap!_s><C/><@{13CH@A476LGIGL28;@Z8^T GL6L136L1+:A6L@g8;T U?6I4H2#472=@A:A><4HC?8#G98;1t136Lb=>
6LC7@dDNCH1ZE3CHG98^4H6L2;@ACH17p
:A2=@<:AC oCH1yG98kUm8T J56LU?8a4H2=U/Rv2;@ACH@dDNCl:AClG98k]=C7GL2s4H6L:A8;:C7@O:A6IEFC74H4H6n2=T @[:ACSGL8a]56I1F>B8^G
U/CH:A6I:B8{RA8;EN8G98)CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8{6 C71F6LU?8:AC7Gy136L13DFCHU?8<h~@CH13DFCO4H8;1F2CHGg]^8;GL2=Ek:<C 3po_`>ACO@A2{RA>AC7:AC
U/CH:A6IEF1FCe:<6LEFC747DN8;U?C7@dDNCfRA>AC7:ACSC713DF6LU?8;EF13CeRv2=EgUC7T DF25:<2=1gCH1MDc8;:qXT 13DF6L4H2;1Hh
z 8kUP8;1F8k:ACl8;GLb=><@B8;1g\A6I@B8;EF6L8;1oC71FRCH47DFEF2=134H2=R<6L4n8^1y13ClR<EFCH13CH@dDc8?CH@[G98QDc8^\AG98 h h
I,
, I/ 6
, K
g i
.g (Q
UfQ0e
6X
qe0X0Uge
'
!
!
$ k
$ k
$ k
$ k
j$ k
l
-
`
'
3
" # O
#
( 6
%
%
i 6L1MDNC7UP8 O8;1N8RAE32=U?C7:A6L2k:<Cl472=U/Rv2=@<CH@dDNC71a
{0._`G
5p
0.>AE
p
Ysb
p
252
p
RAj
p
8;\<G98 h O8;1F8/:ACf\A6I@B8;E3698;1oC71FRCH4KDNEF2;1F4H2;RA6L4H8;1Hh
I,
6 (
-(
I,
log (L/L )
Y2
log (M/M )
X'
'
-/
O9K
C
:
@\," VOS HZNhEGSTH UIUbLONYCMVOST_8LkUIHZN!CMVRN STH ! ZH SGFI_`VRNYLUILRNYrfMHz_ OL j NYE>LkS>JHxU-UbLk_8LkSTH _`VN H[N\ETSGHZU-UbLON JHzUbLNGHZ] fMH CK]BFbLuMSTFICX]BFIuXLkU
(3(
! "$#
%
& %
9K
a:
?'
":
O9
a7
5:
37
@
ZADURVOSTF-mRH C JH U-VN}HZNGuHZ] ETSGVN}HZNhEGHZUILOSGH[N NGfXN}uMSTVOuXF-H[JMLOJH[N|JH ETLkUIUbLOJMLRN}NhHZS LOj CLOCXLkUIF-g[LOJMLRN3H C UbL%NhH[] ] F VRj CJH[JFb] LOJXL
LlUIL`LkEG_ VRj N! H S>LlHZNhEGH UbLkS
@ / UILRN LkCXHZ] JMVkETLRN NhH CX( LkUbLkC<rfMH "DFb]OHZSGFICMm XLks n j L&SGH[LkUIF-g[LOJV
HZNhETLHZU-H[] ] F VRj CaETH CMFIH CXJMVuMSGH[NhHZCEGH`uKVRS fMC<UbLOJVUbL
uXLR]BFIH CX] FIL &] fMFbJMLOJV8JHZU NGHB^V ! H _`H CMFICMV"LOU}SGH[LkUIF-g[LkSxEGS>LksXLk~\VRNzrfMHHB^FIm n j LkCHZNhETLON yFIShETfXJH[N "uVOS%VOEGSTVHZU MHZ] XV
JH rfMH UbL_8LOCMV8JHVOsMS>L ! H _`H CMFICXL`STHZNGfMU-ETLksKLlNGH S{fXC
uV]BV`_ LOj NzsXLOSTLkETL
3
t" &
{
&
Y'
QTS
Q-W
Tg
eTgfXb
h i
Q
,3,3,
6 ,3,,
!'
a,
a/
,3,,3,
!"$#
%'&)(
*+
=[=
&, 6
A
-,/.10*.24365/798;:<#
,/"=> "@*
? A *+
* =[=[=
=[=[=
,3,,
A BCD"0*
R=[=
=Z=
,,3,
!"$#
%'&)(
*+
=[=
&, 6
A
-,/.10*.24365/798;:<#
,/"=> "@*
? A *+
,3,,
A >=0*
2 * =[=
=[=
,,3,
!"$#
%'&)(
*+
-,/.10*.24365/798;:<#
,3,
, 6
d
(
! "$#
?U 8;@A6wVCH13DN8;EF13CeG XT @ACn8;1:AC 8 ch
G98;@<4H2/8;U?8;EF6IGLG98^1c
,/"=> "@*
? A *+
A BCD"0*
#
A
* =[=
%
& %
,,
3,3,3,
%'&)(
*+
, 6
-,/.10*.24365/798;:<#
,/"=> "@*
? A *+
A >=0
!"$#
%'&)(
*+
3,3,,
-,/.10*.24365/798;:<#
,/"=> "@*
? A *+
,3,,
%'&)(
,
*+
-,/.10*.24365/798;:<#
,/"=> "@*
? A *+
* =
A >=0
* K=
!"$#
,
* =[=
* =
,3,3,
A >=0
,3,
N
* =[=
%'&)(
*+
-,/.10*.24365/798;:<#
,/"=> "@*
? A *+
,3,
!"$#
A >=0*
N
B'
/( 6
B'
Wdc
S"g i%X
Tg
Ni
"Q0QTi
Tg
Ni
QTS
Q
eTW
'
3|
# "
#
{
Y
8^EN8;4KDNCHEHT 1MDN6L4H8
I6 Rv2
i ><RvC7EFb=6Ibd8;@dDNC71gCKJsDNE3CHU?8;X:B8;U/CH@dDNCfGI>AU?6I@A2=1F8;1
W8
i ><RvC7EFb=6Ibd8;@dDNC71+UQ><Y#GI>AU?6I@A2=1F8;1
\
i >ARCHEFb;6Lbd8;@dDFCH1ZGL>AU/6L@<2=1N8;1
f6Ibd8;@dDNC71gGL>AU/6L@A2;1N8;1
f6Ibd8;@dDNC71g@A2=E3UP8;GICH1
i >A\<b=6Lbd8^@`DFCH1
@B8^@B8;1
i >A\CH@B8;@A8;1
@B8;@A8;1Z\AG98;@<4n8;1
8;\AGL8 h 8^EN8;4KDNCHEHXT 1MDN6L4H8;1g:ACfGL2;1oDN6LR2=1g:ACS2;EFbd8;@Y eC7CH@B8;@ h
@GL8DN8;\AG98 h 1FC/RAEFC71FC7@`DN8;@G98^1l4H8;EN8^47DNC7EnXT 13DN6I4n8;1 =47>B8;GI6IDc8DN6I]^8;1 :AC/4n8;:B8>A@A2:AC/GL2=1eDN6IRv2;1
CH@C7GoCH13_s><CHU?8:<C4HG98^1F6IuA4n8;4762=T @:<C[2=EFb=8;@Y eCHC7@B8;@qp&U/6LC7@`DFEN8;1Q_s><CCH@G98DN8;\AGL8 h 13C
RAE3CH1FC7@dDc8CHG DF6LR2aCH13RvC747DNEF8;GqC7@[C7Gq1F6I13DFCHU?8Q:ACf.8^E3]^8;EF:#YPCH@CHG CH1F_`>AC7UP8k:ACl[2=EFbd8^@#Y eCHC7@B8;@
8;136Lb=@B8^:A2/8/8^GLb=>A@A8;1gCH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1g4H2=@<25476L:B8;17h
W8
1
= <'
=
=
=Z=
=[=Z=
=
I/ 2 *
p7
Z7
,HQ/$ ' e$" .)$&() ()en
>B8;@<:A2Q13C.4H2;@`DF2S472=@#8^\A>A@A:B8^@`DFC.6I@<V2=EFU?8;4762=T @8;47CHE34n8S:<Cy>A@?\A>AC7@P@.>AT U/CHE32S:AC+CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1&4H><Y;2=1
RB8;EA8;T U/C7DNE32=1gVMXT 136L4H2;1ZY2;\A1FC7E3]^8;4H6I2=@B8;GICH1ZjB8;\qXT 8;@[1F6I:A2?:<C7DNC7EFU/6L@B8^:A2=1Z4H2=@O8;GLb;>A@B8RAEFC74H6L1362=T @ pB>A@B8
1FC7EF6ICl:<Cl6I@dDNCHE3EFC7G98;476L2=@AC71g@A22=\d]s698;1ZCHU/RC 8^EF2=@[8k1FC7Ey:AC71F47>A\A6LC7E3DN8;1yR2=EgGI2=1Z8;13DFEF2;VWXT 1F6I4H2=17h
z 8[R<EF6LU/CHEF8#:AC/CHGLGL8;1HpU/CH@<4H6L2;@B8;:B8CH@@`>ACH1MDNEN8[:A6L134H>A1362=T @8;47CHEF4H8[:<C?GL8;1eUP8^1N8;1fCH1MDNC7G98;E3CH1Hp CH1
Dc8^\AGLC74=XT 8>A@A84HGL8;EN8472=@ACKJ56n2=T @C7@`DFEFC/G98GL><U?6I@A2=1F6I:B8;:YGL8U?8;1F8[:AC/G98^1lC713DFEFCHGIG98;1fC713DN><:A698;:A8;1
CH@dDFEFClU~8;T 1gU?8;136I]^8aCHEF8><@B8/C713DFEFCHGIG98aU?8nY=2=EZCHEF8k1F>OGI>AU/6L@A2=136L:B8^:qh
@CHGo8r@< 2:AC pCHGo8;13DFEB2=T @A2;U?2:A8;@CHT 1vx3@B8^EkyC7E3D 1FRAE3>A@AbApEFCK]=C7GL2)G98CKJ56L1MDNCH@<4H698):ACP>A@B8
4HGL8;EN8E3CHG98^4H62;T @CH@dDNE3CC7GtDN6LR2CH13RvC747DNEF8;Gf:AC>A@B8CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8Y~1F>GL>AU/6L@A2;1F6L:A8;:qh +CHE3D 13RAEF>A@<bAp
2=\A13CHEM]=2_`>ACaGL8;1.C713DNE3CHGIG98;1+RvC7E3DFCH@AC74H6LC7@dDNCH1l8/GL2=1+DN6LR2=1ZDNC7U?RAEF8;@A2=1 p E3CH13>AGIDN8;\B8;@13CHEtUQ>A4cjA2
Um8;T 1gGL>AU/6L@<2=1N8;17p<472=@O8^GLb=>A@A8;1gCKJ54HC7Rv476L2=@<CH1Hpr_`>AClG98;1CH13DFEFC7GLG98^1g:AClDF6LR2=1DN8;EF:qXT 2=1 kp {h
@CHG8@A 2:AC pCP6L@A:AC7RvC7@A:A6ICH@dDNC7U?C7@`DFC;p&>A@8;1MDNEA2=T @A2=U/2CH1MDc8;:<2=>A@A6I:ACH@A13C;pyC7@AE3Yy2=E3EF6I1
>A1F13CHG prGIGLCHb;28/GL8U/6L13UP8a472=@A47GL>A1362=T @:ACSyC7E3D 1FRAE3>A@AbApRCHEF2/:A6n2/T ><@RB8^1F2?8;:A6L476L2=@A8;G h >B8^@A:A2
CH@5VEFCH@dDF2CH@><@B8b=EA8^T uB4H8<p472=1N8[_s><CP@A2jB8;\XT 8[ jAC74cjA2yC7E3D 1FR<EF>A@AbO_s><6LCH@RAEFC71FCH@dDF2CH@V2;EFU?8
Dc8^\A>AG98^Ek1F>A1?:B8^DN2;1HpGL8{U?8;b=@<6IDN><:8^\A1F2=GI><Dc8]s6L13>B8;GS_`>AC[4H>A8;@dDN6IuA4n8472=U/21F8;\vC7U?2;1/GL8)GL>AU/6
@A2=136L:B8^:{:<C/GL8#CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8dyCH@{CHGC x3Ca]=C7E3DN6I4n8;GYCHGDF6LR2CH1FRCH4KDNEF8;G&CH@{CHGC x3C/j<2=EF6 2=@dDc8^G pqRB8^EN8>A@
4H2;@x3>A@dDN2a:<C.CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1\A6LC7@PCH1MDN>A:<698;:A2<p5GL8l472=@ACKJ56n2=T @#1FCyjA6 2QCK]56I:ACH@dDFC.CH@?V2=EFU?8l:<C7uB@A6wDN6w];8? C7E
uBb=><EN8 h dh
@CHG:A6L8;b=T EF8;UP8/CHGL8;\v2;EN8;:A2PRv2=E >A131FC7GLG pqYO_`>ACaV>ACk\B8;>5DN6 8;:A2Um8;T 1.DN8;EF:ACkR2=EtC7G8;1MDNEB2;T @A2=U/2
C7EFb;D i DNE 2#@<b=EFC7@4H2=U/2 p1FCQ:<CH1F47>A\AE362T _`>ACa8^RAEF2nJ56LU?8;:B8
$
B'
/3,
/ 6
?'
NS
Q
.ci
c
qQTW W
X'
log (L/L )
! "$#
R = 100 R
%
& %
Spergigantes
rojas
Supergigantes
azules
Gigantes
rojas
R=1R
R=1R
R = 0,01 R
Enanas
rojas
Enanas
blancas
R = 0,01 R
log (T /T)
3|
# "
#
{
(}/
Y
+2=Ua\AE3C 6LR2
i 2=G
i 6LE36L>A1 0
8;@A2=RA><1 \
0yEF4KDN>AE3>A1 R
C7bd8 0
8;RCHGLGL8
6Lb;CHG
W8
EF2s47Y=2;@
C7DFCHGLb;CH>A13C W8;\
0.4cjAC7EF@B8;E
CH@
8^\AG98 h 6IRv2C71FRCH47DFEN8;G!:ACl8;GIb=>A@B8^1gCH13DFEFC7GLG98^1g4H2=@A2s4H6I:B8;17h
U/CH@dDNCkC7G :ACkG98^1tCH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1tEFC71F6I:XT 8;@OCH@>A@B8\B8;@<:B8#EFC7G98^DF6I]^8;U/CH@dDNCSCH13DFEFC74cjB8[_`>AC47EF> 8;\B8
CHG!:A6L8;b=EF8;UP8k:AClCKJsDFEFCHU/2#8CKJsDFEFCHU/2) CHEZuBb=>AEF8 h =Kh z 8;1+CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1+CH@OC7G!EFCH1MDc8;@dDFC 13C
8;GICWxF8;\B8^@8G98^1+47G98;EF8;1Z:AClCH13DFCSRA8^DNEA2=T @E3CHb=><G98;EgY13CQ>A\A6I4n8;\A8;@R2=EZCH@<4H6LU?8k2?R2=EZ:AC7\B8}x32P:<CSGL8
VEN8^@xF8#4HC7@`DFEN8;G_s><C/j<2}YOEFC74H6L\<6LCaC7G@A2=Ua\<EFCk:AC
h i Ck:AC7\T 8#C713DF2 >AT GwDN6IU?2
_`>A6 8;T 1l8>A@C7EFE32=EeCH@{GL2=1e:A8^DN2=1 Y1F6@A2[CHEF8[8^1nXT 2;T U?2R25:AEHXT 8#CJ<R<GL6L4H8;EF13CX _s><C/@<2[DF25:B8^1
G98^1.CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1.2;\vC7:ACH476LCHEF8;@)G98?8;RB8;E3CH@dDNCkGIC7Y[b=C7@ACHEF8;G_`>ACk13CkEFC7];CHGL8;\B8PC7@{C7G:AC71F47>A\AEF6IU?6ICH@dDN2P:AC
yC7E3D 1FR<EF>A@Ab/Y >A1F13CHGLG =h
@a8;@Z8;T GI6L1F6I1:<C7DNC7@A6L:<2t:ACoGL8y1F6wDN>B8^4H62;T @Q@A2=1RvC7EFU/6IDFC:AC71F47>A\AEF6IER2=EF_`>ACoC713DN8e8;RB8;E3CH@dDNCo:<CH13]s6L8;4H6n2=T @
:AC#><@|472=U/Rv2=EMDc8;U/6LC7@dDN2[EFCHb;>AG98;ES:ACG98^1QCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8<p@A2)C71a1F6I@A2)4H2;@A1FC74H>AC7@A4H6L8:<C>A@VCH@Z2;T U?C7@A2
4H2;@`];CH@A476L2=@A8;G h
2=U/2f1FC+CH13DN8;\AGICH4H6n2fT CH@PGL8t1FC74H4H6n2=T @#8^@`DFCHE36L2=E7pdCKJ56L1MDNCZ>A@B8lEFCHGL8;4H6n2=T @k:A6IEFCH4KDc8eCH@dDFEFC+G98tDNC7U?RCHEF8^DN>AEF8
C7VC747DF6I]^8|:<C>A@B8|CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8Y 13> DN6IRv2C71FRCH47DFEN8;G h b=>B8^GLU/CH@dDNC)Y4H2=U/2]56IU?2;1HptGL8U?8;b=@<6IDN><:
8;\A132=GL>5Dc8?:<CQ>A@B8/CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8?CH1MDc8P47G98;EF8;U/CH@dDNClEFC7G98;476L2=@B8^:B8/R2=EQ 4;h h dg4H2;@CHG GL2=b=8;EnXT DNU/2k:AC
G98GI>AU/6L@A2=136L:B8^::ACG98)U/6L1FU?8<h i CHEHXT 8]^8;GL6I:A2R2=EaDc8;@dDF2Ap13>A13DF6IDF>A6LE7pC7@C7Gg:A698;b;EN8;U?8O2=E36Lb=6I@B8;G
CHGL8;\2=EN8;:<2kRv2=E >A131FC7GLG p<G98;1oR<EF6LU/CHEF8;1o4H8;@dDN6L:A8;:ACH1S DN6LR2aC71FRCH47DFEN8;GYPUP8;b;@A6IDF>A:8;\A132=GL><DN8dKp5Rv2;E
8;_`>AC7GLG98^1y472=@G98^1y47>AGLC71.CH1MDc8;1.1FCQR<>ACH:AC7@)EFC7G98;476L2=@B8^EHpr6 hC;hgDNC7U?RCHEF8^DN><EN8?CKVCH4KDN6I]^8 YGI2=bd8;EHT DFU?2
:ACeGL8aGL>AU/6L@A2;1F6L:A8;:qp`Ua>A4cjA2/Um8;T 1o:A6I4H6LC7@dDNCH1g:<Ce1F>[@B8^DN><EN8;GIC 8#XT @dDN6LU?8<h 2=@CH13DN8;1Z1F>A1MDN6wDN>A476LX 2=@AC71
1FCf472=@A13DFEF><Y;CS><@@`>ACK]=2/:A698;b;EN8;U?8Q6L:CHT @dDN6I4H2/8;GqR2=EoRAE36LU/CHEF8Q]=C 4H2;@A13DFEF>XT :A2Rv2=E >A131FCHGIG pARCHE32
CH@C7G _`>ACtC7@GL>Ab=8;E:<Ct><DN6IGL6 8;E&4n8^@`DF6L:B8^:ACH1o:<C7DNC7EFU/6L@B8^:B8;12;\A1FC7E3]^8;4H6I2=@B8;GIU?C7@dDNC.13CtjB8;47Ct>A132k:AC
]^8;EF6L8;\AGICH1ZVMXT 1F6I4n8;1+_`>ACkRA>AC7:ACH @13CHEt:AC7:A>A476L:B8;1.:ACaG98/2=\A13CHE3]^8;4762=T @O2#4n8;GI4H>AGL8;:B8;1yRv2;E.>A@U/2s:ACHGI2
:ACfG98aC713DFEFCHGIG98<h
13DFC>AT GIDF6LU/2S:A6L8;b=EF8;UP8fCH1o8;U?R<GL698^U?C7@`DFCZ><DN6IGL6 8;:A2lCH@GL8Q6L@d]=C713DF6Lbd8;4762=T @/DNCq2=T EF6I4n8Q:AC.G98;1CH13DFEFC7GLG98^1
YkC7@#8;:AC7G98;@dDFC+13Cy472=@A1MDN6IDF>A6LEA8;T CH@k]s6IDN8;GAjAC7EFEF8;U?6I CH@dDc8eRB8^EN8fG98e:ACH134HE36LR4H62;T @/:<CyGL8f@A8^DN>AEF8;GLC 8tVMXT 136L4H8
1
, 2 1
/3,
Q0eTcfQTi%eTg
.g i%eTg U
NW
*
@ GS H[LkUI_`H CEGH @
o )
Oq
A: CfG98^1gU?6I1FU?8;1Hh
@A8?4H2;1N81FCQjA8;4HClC7]s6L:<CH@dDNCSCH@OC7G!:A698;b;EN8;U?8a:ACSyCHEMD 1FRAE3>A@Ab >A131FC7GLG o_`>ACljACHU/2=1+4H2=@
13DFEF>qXT :A2Ap<Y#_s><CS13Cl136Lb=><Cl:<ClGL8aEFC7G98;4762=T @qp
0 4n8^:B8RA>A@dDN2:AC7Ge:A698;b;EN8;U?8
KpyGLC472=EFE3CH13Rv2=@<:ACHE@]^8;GI2=E#4n8^EN8;4
DNC7EnXT 13DN6I4H2k:AC7G!EN8;:A6I2kCH1MDNCHGL8;EHp<:B8;:A2/Rv2;EHp
h =
f
0 GL8SGL> :ACtC713DNCeE3CH13>AGIDN8;:A2Ap5Rv2s:ACHU/2=1@A2;Dc8^E_`>ACe1F6u^xF8;U/2=1C7Gv]^8;GI2=E:<C t1F6 @<2=1
U/2}];CHU/2=1a132=\AEFCP>A@B8G XT @ACn8[]=CHEMDN6I4n8;G9KpC7GEN8^:A6L2:<C#G98;1SCH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1a1FC7EB8T U?8nY=2=EaC7@Dc8;@dDF2)UP8nY=2;E
1FCH8G98GL><U?6I@A2=1F6I:B8;:CH13DFCHGL8;EHh&1C713DNCjAC74cjA2ApyRAEFC74H6L1F8;U/CH@dDNC^p.CHG._s><C{CJ5RAGL6I4n8uB@B8^GLU/CH@dDNC)GL8
CKJ56I13DNC7@A4H6L8S:AC+CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1Rv2=E&C7@A4H6IUP8eYRv2;E:<CH\B8}x32Q:ACyGL8l13CH47>B8;CH@<4H698lRAEF6I@A4H6IRB8;G R2=E&CH@<4H6LU?8f:AC
CHGIG98aC7@A4H2=@dDFEN8;U/2=1ZCH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1gUa>A4cjA2;1yUm8;T 1gb=EF8;@A:AC71+_`>AClG98^1gCH13DFEFC7GLG98^1g@A2=EFU?8;GICH1g:ACfG98a13CH47>ACH@A47698
RAE36L@A476LRB8;G pEN8 2=T @|Rv2=EkGL84H>B8^GgEFCH476L\CH@|CHGg@A2;Ua\AEFC:AC Rv2=Ek:<CH\B8}x32CH@A47>ACH@dDFEN8;@1F>
1F6wDN6I2#CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1e4H2=@<1F6L:<CHEN8^\AGLC7U?C7@`DFCkU?C7@A2=E3CH1e_`>AC1F>A1l8;@A8;GL2=b=8;1.@A2;EFU?8;GLC71HpqR2=EeGL2P_s><C/E3CH476L\CH@
CHG@<2=Ua\AE3Cl:<C Hh
z 8CKJ56I13DNC7@A4H6L8:ACCH13DN8;1#C713DNE3CHGIG98;1/RvC74H>AGI698;E3CH1/1F6wDN>B8;:A8;1PR2=E?V><CHEN8:ACOGL81FC74H>AC7@A4H6L8RAEF6I@A4H6IRB8;G
@A2)V>ACCKJ5RAGI6L4H8;:B8)jB8;1MDc8)CHGZ8;:5]=CH@<6LU/6LCH@dDF2{:<C[><@B8DNCH2;EnXT 88;47CHEMDc8;:B8):ACGL8C7]=2;GL>A4762=T @|CH1MDNCHGL8;EHp
RAE32=\AGLC7UP8a:<CHG_`>ACl@A2=1Z2547>ARB8;E3CHU/2=1gCH@[>A@[4n8;RqXT DN><GL2kR2=13DFCHEF6I2=EHh
@8;@Z8;T GI6L136L1f8;:A6I4H6I2=@B8;G:<CPG98EFC7G98;4762=T @&4^h h dKp Ua>AC713DFEN8_`>AC?1F2=\<EFC/CHG:A698;b;EN8;U?8 13C
RA>AC7:ACH@/:A6I\A>xF8;EG XT @<Cn8;1C7@G98;1_s><C+E3CH136L:AC7@/C713DFEFCHGIG98;14H2=@kC7GAU?6I1FU/2.EF8;:A6L2<p=_`>ACoDN6ICH@AC7@/RCH@<:A6LC7@`DFC
{ ]=C7EfuAb=>AEN8 h dKh 2=@{CH13DF2Ap!1FCa];C?_`>AC6L@<4HGL><1F28;G6I@dDNCHE36L2=Ey:ACG98#13CH4H><CH@A47698RAEF6I@A4H6IRB8;G13C
RAE325:A><4HC/>A@B8:A6L13RvC7EF1F6n2=T @qp!@A2[Ua><Yb=EF8;@A:AC^p!CH@GI2=1fEN8;:<6L2=1eC713DNC7G98;E3CH17hP0.GIG XT 1FC/2=\A1FC7E3]^8_`>AC/G98^1
CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1oRCHEMDNCH@<CH4H6ICH@dDNC71+8GI2=1DF6LR2=1DFCHU/RAEN8;@<2=1 p 1F2;@[136LC7U?RAE3CtG98^1oUP8nY;2=EFC71HpAEF8 2=T @R2=EoGL8
4H>A8;GE3CH476L\CH@C7G@<2=Ua\AE3CP:AC p U?6ICH@dDNEF8;1S_`>AC?G98;1lCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8;1l:AC
DN6IRv2;1C71FRCH4KDNEN8^GLCH1&Dc8^EF:XT 2=1 Y? RAE3CH13CH@dDc8;@PRvC7_s><Cs@A 2=1EN8;:<6L2=17pdRv2=E&GI2S_`>AC+1FC+G98;1&GIG98;U?8
h
G>A1F2[:AC7G:<698;b=EF8;U?8# pqRCHE3U?6wDNCk>A@A8[RB8^E3DN6I4H>AGL8;Ee8;R<GL6L4H8;4H6n2=T @:AC7G&1F6L1MDNC7UP8:AC4HGL8;1F6wuB4n8^4H62;T @
CH13RvC747DFEN8;GZ:AC71N8;E3EF2=GIG98;:A2ORv2=E/[2=EFbd8^@|Y fC7CH@B8^@qh i 6g1FC1F6wDN>B8^@|C7@C7Gg:A698^b=EN8;U?8 GL8;1kCH1
DNE3CHGIG98;1RvC7E3DNC7@ACH476LC7@`DFCH1+8aG98^1o:A6L1MDN6I@`DN8;1o47G98;13CH1o:AC7Gq1F6I13DFCHU?8 kp<><@[RA8^DNEA2=T @EFC7b=>AG98^E:ACe47>AE3]^8;17p
4H2;EFEFC71FR2=@A:A6ICH@dDNC71t8/GL2=1Z:A6I13DN6I@dDN2=1ZDN6IRv2=1Z:AClGL><U?6I@A2=1F6I:B8;:1F8;GLCS8?GL8GI> ]=C7EyuBb;>AEN8 h h z 8;1
2=\A13CHEM];8^4H6L2;@ACH1:AC7DFCH@A6I:B8;1:<CHGrCH13RvC747DNE32a:ACy>A@B8SC713DFEFCHGIG98f@A2=16L@<V2=E3UP8^@/:<C.4H>A8;GrCH113>PDN6IRv2fDc8^@`DF2
CH@CHG 1F6I13DNC7UP8:ACS.8;EM]^8;EF:[YCH@OC7G!:ACk2;EFbd8;@ eCHC7@B8;@qh 2;@OCH1MDc8/6L@<V2=E3UP8^4H62;T @#Y472=@OC7G!:A698
b=EF8;UP84H2;@A13DFEF>XT :A2P8^@`DFCHE36L2=E3U?C7@`DFCSC71.R2=1F6I\AGLCfC7@A4H2=@dDFEN8;EyG98>A\A6L4H8;4H6n2=T @[RAEF2=\A8;\AGLCf:ACSG98CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8
CH@C7G:A6L8;b=EF8;UP8[ h 6L4cjA8O>A\A6I4n8;4762=T @qp_s><C#jACHU/2=1aj<CH4cjA2)E3C7]s6L1F8;@A:A2)C7GCH13RvC747DFEF2:AC#GL8CH1
DNE3CHGIG98<ps@A2=1gRAE32]=CHCfR2=EDN8;@dDN2k:ACe13>[U?8;b=@<6IDN><:8;\A132=GL><DN8<p<:<CtG98a47>B8;G p54H2=@<25476LCH@<:A2kG98QU?8;b=@<6IDN><:
,
! "$#
K'
EKFqH
9KJ
9KJ
EKFqH
9KJ
EGFIH
'
EGFqH
"'
%
& %
k'
9KJ
NEGFqH
9KJ
EGFIH
9KJ
Ng
QTi
Ni
Ni
W Ni%e
'(
"'
Ng
Ni
TcIUfQ
Ng
Ni
WYQ
QTi
Ni
6X P
"'
8'
$'
'
"'
B'
X'
B'
@ U-V JMHxsXUILOCX] LRN NhH{JHZsKH%L rfMH{UbL _8L RVOS n j LJH{UILRNYHZNhEGSTH UIUILRN rRfXHzNGH%NGF)ETfXLkClH C`HZNhETLSTH mRF VRj CJHZUXJFbLkmOS>Lk_8L%EGFIH CMHZC
EGHZ_`uKHZSTLkEGfMS>LON{]ZLkS>LO] ETH S n j N\ETFI]ZLON JMH U3EGFIuV8HZNGuKH[] EGS>LkUFtWXrfMHCMV`uMSTHZNGH CETLOC&fXCXL`]BVOUIVOS>LO] F VRj C] LOSTLR] ETH S n j NhEGFb] L
8;RB8^EFCH@dDFCa:ACQGL8?C713DNE3CHGIG98?R2s:ACHU/2=1.R2=EQ 4;h h dZ:AC7:A>A476LEtGL8/:A6I13DN8;@A4H6L8?_`>ACa@<2=1t1FC7RB8;EF8P:ACaGL8
CH1MDNE3CHGLGL8kCH@[4H>AC713DN6n2=T @qh
G 8^@Z8;T GL6I1F6I1C71FRCH4KDNEN8^G p<R2=EDc8;@dDN2<psY?CHG4H2=@<25476LU/6LCH@dDF2Q:ACy4H6LC7E3DN8;1RAE32=RA6ICH:B8;:<CH1o:AC7Gv:<698;b=EF8;U?8S
p5@A2;1RCHEFU/6IDFCH@?:AC7DFCHEFU/6L@A8;EGL8l:<6L13DN8;@A47698Q8SG98;1CH1MDNEFC7GLGL8;1Hh1MDNCtU/25:<2SRB8^E3DN6I4H>AGL8;E&:ACtRAE32547CH:AC7E
RB8;EF8CH@A472=@dDNEN8^ElGL8;1t:A6I13DN8;@A4H6L8;1e8G98^1eCH13DFEFC7GLG98^1t4H><Y;2C71FRCH4KDNEF2CH1e472=@A2s4H6L:<2ApEFC74H6L\CkCHG@A2=Ua\AE3C
:AC
!t$*+,n*+,H%/
h 2=U/2#13CaEFC7G98;476L2=@B8^@G98;1yUP8^b=@A6IDF>A:AC71t8;\A132=GL>5Dc8;1y:ACa:A2=1.CH13DFEFC7GLG98^1t_`>ACQDN6ICH@AC7@)G98PU/6L13UP8
U?8;b=@A6wDN>A:8^RB8;EFC7@dDNCfRvC7EF2/4H><Y=8/:<6L13DN8;@A47698k:A6IuACHEFCeC7@><@[V8;4KDN2=Eg:<C <h
h @B8PCH1MDNE3CHGLGL8/_`>ACQCKJ5RvC7EF6IU?C7@`DN8P>A@4H8;Ua\A6I2?\<EF>A134H2CH@O1F>C713DNE3>A47DF>AEN85pq1F><VE3CQ>A@ORAEF2s4HC71F2
R2=EqC7Gd4H>B8;G;1FC:A>AR<GL6L4H8o1F>fDNC7U?RCHEF8^DN>AEF8o1F>ARCHEMuB4H6L8;G;Y.1F>l:ACH@A136L:B8^:l:<CH4HE3CH47CC7@l><@lV8;4KDN2=E :AC
h@A4H2=@dDFEN8;E&CHG<EN8;:A6I2tYkG98yGL>AU/6L@A2;1F6L:A8;:a:ACgGL8tCH13DFEFC7GLG98e8^G<uB@B8;G<:ACHGBRAE32547CH132lU/CH@<4H6L2;@B8;:A2Ap
13>ARv2;@A6LC7@A:A2/_s><ClGL8aCH1MDNEFC7GLGL8@<2?RA6ICHE3:ACeUP8^1N8<h
h z 8Z\A6L@B8^EF698]s6I1F>B8; G
DF6LCH@<C><@QRCHEHXT 25:<2+:<CE3C7]=2;GL>A4762=T @l:AC d p 8r@< 2=1HhGs13CHU/6LC x3C
U?8nY=2=Ef:AC7G136L1MDNCHU?8EFC7:A>A4H6I:A2
.DN6LC7@AC>A@DN8;U?8@A 28;@Ab;>AG98;Ee:<C Ap Ah i 6C7G
RB8^EN8;GL8}x3CQ:AC7G136L13DFCHU?8PCH1.:AC <p Ap a47>Z8;T GC71eG98/UP8;1F8P4H2;@x3>A@dDc8#:AC7G1F6I13DFCHU?8 =heJ<R<EFCH1F8;E
GL8aEFCH13RA>AC713Dc8/CH@[D5CHT E3U?6I@A2=1o:<ClGL8kUP8;1F8a1F2=GL8;El sbdKh
h ~@k>A@kjA6IRv2^D5C7T DF6L472.V><DN><EF2t13CgG98;@ 8t8;G5CH1FRA8;4H6I2t>A@aDNC7GLC71F4H2;RA6L2eC7@A4n8;E3bd8;:A2e:<CoEFCH8;GL6 8;E U?C7:A6
:B8^1:AC7GrRB8;EN8^G98}x3Cg:ACy8;GIb=>A@B8;1&C713DNE3CHGIG98;1C7@PCHGB];CH4H6I@A:B8;E36L2l1F2=GL8;EHhGrDFCHGICH1F472=RA6I2SC71472=GL2s4n8;:<2
C7@a>A@B82=T E3\A6IDN8+C7@aDN2=E3@A2t8^G i 2;G5472=@k>A@a13CHU/6LCWx3CUP8nY;2=E:AC p h0Qh^G5DNC7GLC71F4H2;RA6L2y_s><CoCH1MDr8 T
C7_s><6LRB8;:<2t4H2=@Q>A@k4H2=U/RAGIC7DN2+6L@<13DNE3>AU/CH@dDc8;GsU/6L:ACCHGs4n8;UQ\A6L2yCH@kG98+Rv2;1F6L4762=T @l:ACoGL8;1 CH13DFEFC7GLG98^1
_`>ACeC713DN><:A698k4H>A8;@A:A2k13Ce:ACH13RAG98 8k:ACe>A@CKJsDNE3CHU/28a2;DNE32k:ACe1F>2=T E3\A6IDN8<h i >ARv2;@A6LC7@A:A2k_`>AC
RA><CH:ACU/CH:A6IEQ472=@RAEFC74H6L1362=T @4n8;Ua\<6L2=1SCH@G98OR2=136L4H6n2=T @:ACPUOXT @A6LU/2 5p Ap 4H>Z8;T GCH1kC7G
2=\`x3C7DN2/Um8;T 1gGLC xF8;@A2k4H>5Yd8?:<6L13DN8;@A47698aRA>AC7:ACl1FCHEZ:ACKDNC7EFU/6L@B8;:A8472=@[CH13DFCf6L@A1MDNEF><U?C7@`DF2 =h
h i 6IEF6I2P {:<CHG 8;@O8nY;2=EcCH1>A@#1F6I13DFCHU?8l\A6I@B8;E36L2e]s6L1F>A8;GBV2=EFU?8;:A2lRv2;E><@B8SC713DNE3CHGIG98f0 p
:AC7@A2=U/6L@B8^:B8 i 6LE36L2#0 Y8GL8#_`>AC?472=@A2s4HC7U?2=1e:<CH1F:<C?GL8#U~8;T 1.EFCHU/2;DN8[8^@`DF6Lb=><CH:B8;:)YO>A@B8
:C7T \A6LGC7@B8;@B8\AGL8;@A4n85p i 6LEF6I2 p:AC71F4H><\A6LC7E3Dc8[1B2=T GI2jB8;4HCR25472Ah/GRCHEHXT 2s:A2:ACEFCK]=2=GI>A4H6n2=T @
:AC?4n8;:A84H><CHEFR2E3CH1FRCH4KDN2)8^G47CH@dDNE32):AC/UP8;1F8:AC7G136L1MDNCHU?8E3CH13>AGIDN81FC7E 5p 8r@A 2=17hG
RB8^EN8;GL8}x3Co:AC7GA1F6I13DNC7UP8tC71:AC <p d= <hC7:A6L:A8;1RAEFC74H6I1N8;1&:ACgGL8;1:A6IU?C7@A1F6I2=@AC71:ACgG98^12=T EF\<6IDc8^1
:ACOG98;1#472=U/Rv2=@<CH@dDNC71:ACHGy1F6L1MDNC7UP8Y_`>AC)1F>AR2=@AC7@ 8G98 2=T E3\A6IDN8CH@ C7G.RAGL8;@A2:AC7Gt4H6ICHGI2
RvC7EFRCH@A:A6I4H>AGL8;E?8G98]56I1F>B8^G KpgRCHE3U?6wDNC7@m:AC7:A>A4H6IEP_`>ACC7G.13CHU/6LCWx3CUP8nY;2=E#8;RA8;EFC7@`DFC:AC7G
136L13DFCHU?8kEFCH:<>A4H6I:A2 C71 p Y#_s><C d=<h
8<hZ@A472=@dDNEF8;EyGL8aUP8^1N8k:ACf4n8;:A8/U/6LC7Ua\AEF2Q:ACHG!1F6I13DFCHU?8<h
3?}
Xt O
-(
8'
NW
PRQ
UfQ0e
0X qemX0h Uge0X
g cfe
N
/3/"
J
)(
?'
, I,3,
7
5(}/ I/(
", 6
@ 6FuHZNTLkSzJHU-VluMSTVO_`HBETHZJVRSrfMHuMfXJFIH S L j uKLkSTHZ]BHZSZWRUILuMSTHZ] FINGF VRj C"rfMH V ! SGH[]BH H U3_ HBj ETVyJMV HZNhE L
j SGH[N\ETSGFICMmRFIJMLtL UbL
uMSTHZ] FINGF VRj Cp]BVRCUIL&rRfXHtuMfMH[JH CeNhHZS ]BVRCXNhEGSTf n j JMLON{UbLON ]BfMS LON JHtUbL8iXmRfMS>LvwyHXL] VO_`uMSTVOsXLRJV8UIL"HB^FINhEGHZCX]BFbLJMH
H STSTVOSTHZN XLONhETLluVOS{fMC !?LO]BEGVRS%JH 'H CUILRN{JFbN\E>LkCX] FILRNxJMHBEGHZSG_`FICXLOJXLONzuVOS{HZNhEGH_ H j EGVJVKv
"! #%$'&)(+*-,/./01012453* $
64798;:<7 =>8;:<7 ?@79A;:B=DCE=DFHGE=I8;:JAB7-CK=I8;LIA;MN?OLIM"P FRCE=DST7U8V=>8;:JAJ=ISWST7U8XF 8XYK=IZ 8XA;=ICKGKL>MNC 7'Y@79[KST7UA4CK=
ST7/79?@7UAJMW=IFKL>MT7]\^GK=-=>SNST798_=a`bYKMW[c=>Fd=>Fe=>SfQ LIMW=IS Q g ?@7UAK7UP Z5=>:BA Q 8 Q Q [K8;=IAihU79LIQ M Q F@7USN=>8<jlknQm4[ Q A;C@7UAJ=>Z Q 8
=IFe=I8i:B=oLp7U?qrP :BGES Qts =>FdS Q 8_\^GK=oAJ=I8i:<7UFeCK=-=I8i:<7?KAJMWZu=>AB7t?@79A;:B=9vwGKFx=>8;:BGECKM Q CK=>:B7USNSN7UC Q CK=-SN7
=I8i:BA;GKL>:JGKAB7RCK=-ST7U8y=I8i:BA;=ISNSN7U8IvzL Q Zu=>FK{p7UFEC Q ? Q ADSN7CE=I8JL>AJMW?cL>M"Q P FeCK=-8JGK85=IF|h Q SW:JGKAB7U85=a`H:J=IAJM Q AJ=>8
gMNF|7}:J:B=IZ~AJM Q P 8;A =>AB7|\^jGK=?@7UCKAJ=>7u:J=I?@A;79Zu8BMW7UF@A7USNF_GK=>SN74 Q Z7579FK=I=I8iAJ:B7VGKCKL MN7UZ A4SN7U=>8h L Q SNGEFELICKM MNL>F@M Q 7VFKST=>748 =>s 8;:J=>AJ=IhUSW=ISTF|7E: v9Q ?K8VA \^[KGKSN==>Z:JMN74=IFE\^=IGKFt=SW:JGKAB|797U:B7UAAJ=I=>F]Z 8JG 8
Q Q Q Q
Q
Q
=IFo=IS_Q GKP S:Bs MWZ Q CK=S Q 8fLI7U?rP :JGKS Q 8Ik
Ft=IS%?KA;=I8;=IF|:B=_8J7U[O=IZ Q 8\^GK=ST7U81=I8i:BA;=ISNSN7U88 Q F]MNFKZ5=IFK8J7U81=I8;=>AB7U8|7U8;= Q 8J7U84\^GK=8J=Zu7UF|:BMW=IFK=>F
L Q Zu?@79L>:<798? Q A+8JGu?KA Q ?EMT77UGE: Q AB7phU=IC@7UCk++8MNZ5? Q 8JMN[ESN=CK=a@FKMWAz?K7UAB7=I8i:B=48;MN8i:B=IZu7|7U8J= Q 8 Q GKF
SrP ZuM:B=1L Q FELIAJ=a: Q =IF|:BA;=S Q \HGE=? Q CKAprP 7UZ Q 8SNSN7UZ79A8;GMWF^:J=IA;M Q A s 8JG]=l`H:B=IA;M Q A>k
m?O=I8J7UA_CK==I8;: Q LIMW=IAi:<7U8_L>MNA;LIGKFK8i:<7UFELIMT798_7]GKFK7]CKMN8i:<7UFELIMT7oCK=>KFKMNC@7tCE=ISzLI=IF|:JA Q Y@7UL>=IF \^GK= SN7
Zu79:B=>AJMT78J=XhHGK=IShU7_:JAB7UFK8;?@7UA;=IF|:B=7USO@G} Q CK=AB7UCEMT7UL>M"Q P F'?EA Q h=>FKMN=>F^:J=CK=ISMWF^:J=IA;M Q A>k+MN=>F|:BAB798f=IF
ST798zLI7U?@7U8MNF|:B=>AJM Q AJ=>8w7=I8;:B7A;=IMpQ P Fqv^ST7AB7UCEMT7UL>M"Q P F58J=1h=UrP 7hHMNAi:BG@79SNZ5=IF|:B=179:JAB7U?@79C@7? Q A+=>=>L>: Q CK=
GKF@75MNF|:B=>FK8B7yMNF|:J=IAB79LILIMpQ P FoL Q FST7DZ7}:B=IA;MT7EvK7USNSrP 8JGE[KMW:B7UZu=>F|:B==I8SNMN[O=IAJ7UC@7Ekz8;:JGKCKMN7UFKC Q CK=SN= Q 8
ST7y=I8i:BA;=ISNSN7_: Q C@758;GtSNGE{?K7UAJ=>LI=IAK7uP ?KA Q h=IFEMNAIvO? Q Af:<7UF|: Q vOCE=GKFK7u=I8i:BA;=IL<Y@7LI7U?@7UAJ7U{Q P F]=I8i"=IP A;MNLp7u7
ST7_\^GK=C@7UZ Q 8f=>SF Q Z_[KA;=XCK=Da@aa_<aaUlk
Q C@7tSN7]Zu79:B=>AJMT7CK= ST7]=>8;:JAJ=ISWST7]? Q A_=>FKLIMWZ7tCE='=I8i:<7/[@7UA;AJ=>AB7U/8;= L Q FK8i:BM:BG s =o=>FxS Q \^GK= =>S
7U8i:BA Q irP 8JMWL Q L Q F Q LI=L Q Z Q ST7-U pa;-<aaUlk
%7DMNZ5? Q Ai:<7UFELIMT7CK=IS=I8;:JGKCKM Q CE=SN7_79:JZQ P 8i=IAJ7_=I8;:J=ISN7UAIvKAJ7UCKMWLp7_=IFo\^GK==ISWST7=>81SN7GK=>F^:J=CK=Lp7U8IrP
: Q C@7DST7_AJ7UCKMN7ULIMpQ P F'=ISW=ILa:BA Q Z7UUFw=>P :JMNLp7_\^GK==>ZuM:B=XST7_=>8;:JAJ=ISWST7EvbAB7UCEMT7UL>M"Q P F \^GK=8J=L Q FK8;:JMW:JG s =7D8JG
h=>{=>FLI7U8IrP SN7GKP FKMNLI7DMNFE Q A;Z79LIM"Q P F'CKMN8;? Q FKMN[KSW=V8 Q [KAJ=ST7_=>8;:JAJ=ISWST7DZ5MN8JZu7Ek
FSN77}:BZ~Q P 8;=>AB7X=I8i:B=ISN7UA:BMW=IFK=>Fu8;G Q A;MN=>F5SN7U8+SrP FK=p7U8?EAJ=I8;=IF|:B=>8w=>F=IS@=>8J?O=ILa:BA Q CK=17U[K8 Q AJLIMpQ P F5CK=
ST7=I8;:JAJ=>SNST7bk)%7VMNZ5? Q A;:<79FKLIMN71CK=>SK=I8i:BGKCEM Q CK=fSN7U8)Lp79AB7ULa:B=IAIrP 8i:BMNLI7U8CE=f=I8;:B7U8+SrP FK=p7U8>vU\^GK=?KA Q hU=I=>F7US
7U8i:BA Q irP 8JMWL Q CK=VMNFb Q AJZu7ULIMpQ P F58 Q [KA;=VST798wL Q FKCKMNL>M Q FE=I87ST7U8\HGE=V=I8i:7_P 8 Q Zu=a:BMNCK7ST7Z79:J=IA;MT7=>8;:J=IST79A
Q=IS8JMNG F|hL =>Q 8;Z5:BMW|? 7UQ C 8;MNL>AM"Q P STFu7\H=>STGq7UrP [ Z5MNAJLp7U7LIMp? P Q F'AwCK==X;=>LZu?EZuS Q?EvbSN=>AJ: =>hU8=ISNZ 7_CKCE=V=ISF^GK8=>ih P Q 8;MNL ST78wA;=I\^SNGK=a=h97USNFK=4LI?cMN7=>AJ8JZ5GEZMW:<797F'\^CKGK=I=V8;LI:JMNA;=>MN[KFKMW=VA?@=I7U8i:<AJ77
AJ=>M"Q P FoCE=SN7'Q @|7UF@7}: Q ZQ rP 7U=IQ 8i:B=ISN7UAIk Q Q Q Q r Q
]_^a`%b#c1dfehg1ikjmlR]nLc3d_oipo_bqoriporsLd_tucvcv`Ccvwxsxtuyxc1yyzo{`Cg3sx|1t}epw~yyzo{g3s~yxc~QLg1i`gwxo.corsQw~yxgO`uc3wxs~tCyxc1yzoyxo
`ucvtCsehos~;tuyxc1yo;od1 drcO;o{ohdrihtCLosecTvxt_ro sKd_g3gj4l3l<]a 1lR]
{
I
ds
I
I
s=s
s=0
MWGKAJ7!bkuI$
7UCEMT7UL>M"Q P F-79:JAB7ph=>8B7UFEC Q EG Fo:JA Q { Q A;=ILa:<7UFKUGKST7UAfCE=Zu79:J=IAJMN7Ek
V
./ ? ,
>? V J Z
?
V J
g bk|j
\^GK=AJ=>LIMN[O=V=>SqF Q Z_[EAJ=XCK=<aEHa@ 8+:H;8EpaB38a5;<:UU } H s \^GK=8J=IAK7DP FHGE=I8;:JAB7y?KAJMWFKLIMW?@7US
YK=>AJAB79ZuMW=IF|:<7_:B=qQ P AJMWLp7_=>FSN7yCE=I8JL>AJMW?cL>M"Q P F-CK=ST7y79:JZQ P 8;=IAJ7_=I8i:B=ISN7UAIk
F bk5YE=IZ Q 8fMNF|:BA Q CEGKLIMWC Q C Q 8F^GK=>h97U8Lp79F^:JMNC@79CK=I8m$? s ?^k
?
? ?A;=IL>MN[O=u=>SF Z_[KA;=yCK=lI8a@ 8 :Hl@38@ HB<fl 8a 8Hj s ? Q AX8JGnCE=>@FKMWLIMpQ P F
LIGK7UF|:BMWKLp7y/ ST7_Lp79?@7ULIMWC@7UC-Q =IZ5MN8;MWh97_CK=ST7_Zu 79:J=IAJMN7_MNF|h Q SNGKL>g AB7U C@7bk
?8J=L Q F Q L>=L Q F-=ISF Q Z_[KA;=CE=XO lI8 :U;:|<
: OJ s 8J79:BMW8;7UL>=Uv
V > ?
V
?
>?Z?
/ ? ,
/ ? ,
V ?
V J
g bk j
?R=>8'GKF@7Lp7UF|:BMWC@7UC 79CKMNZ5=IFK8;M Q FK7US\HGE=Uv?KGK=>CK=tCK=>Z Q 8i:BAJ7UAJ8;=Uv=I8i:7
P 7U8 L>MT7UC@77US1FVGKP Zu=>A CK=
MNF|:J=IAB79LILIM Q FK=>8\^GK=8;GEAJ=uGKFn Q :@Q P F79F^:J=I8CK='7U[K7UFKC Q FK7UASN7o8;GK?c=>A;@L>MN=uCKQ =GKFnZu=>CKM Q k m8pQ rP GKF
Q :@Q P F\^GK=V8;=VCK=>8J?KSN7ULI==IF GKF'Z5=ICEM Q Z_G s5Q ?@7UL Q-g 8;G'Lp79ZuMWF Q SWMN[KA;=1Z5=ICEM Q =>8w?O=I\^GK=F Q jz8;=4h=>A@7 P
7U[K8 AJ[EMNC AJ=I=>ZuM:BMWC GKF-F4GKP Z5=IA Z7 ACK=VhU=ILI=>8 AB79F ?KA GEFKCKMNCK7UC P ?E:BMWLp7|j+\^GK=GKF \^GK=
S Q Y@Q 7U|7o=IQ_F s GKFnZu=>CKM Q Q ? Q L QtQ ?@7UL QQ ktsUQ P Q :B=I8;='\^GK='C Q g8Z5=ICKM Q 8Q CE='CKMN8i:BMWF^:BQ 7 Q ?K7ULIMWC@7UCqv :BMNQ =>FK=IFv
?@7UAJ7'GKF@7'Z5MN8;Z75?KA Q GEFKCKMNCK7UCtSNMWFK=p79SvOCKMN8i:BMNF|:B7U84? Q A;GEFKCKMNCK7UCK=I8/Q P ?E:BMWLp7U8>vq8JMW=IFKC Q Z7 sQ AV=IF/=>S
?
V J
Lp798 Q CK=ISZ5=ICEM Q Z~7UP 8 Q ?@79L Q k7 Q A=I8;: Q F Q CK=I[O=L Q FEGEFKCKMNA;8J=XF^GKFKLI75=>8;:B75LI7UF|:BMNCK7UCqv@7D?O=I8B79AfCK=
\^GK=8JGoF Q Z_[KA;=X8J=?KAJ=>8;:B75?@79AB7_:<7USW=I8fL Q FEGK8;M Q FK=>8IvL Q FoGEF@75?EA Q GKFECKMNC@79CoA;=p7US=>F=>SZu=>CKM Q k
LIGK?=IP Z Q F Q 817UY Q AB7_CK=X:BA;=I88JM:BG@79LIM Q FK=I8f8;=IFKL>MNSNSN7U8\^GK=F Q 8Z Q 8;:JAB7UAK7UP F S Q 8fZx=aP : Q C Q 8=>FK=IAJ7USN=>8
GE:JMNSNMW{p7UC Q 8_?@7UAJ779[ Q A;C@7UAy=ISf?EA Q [KSW=IZu7/CK=SN7t:BAB79FK8;=>AJ=IFELIMT7RAB7UCEMT79:JMWh97t7UF|:B=-: Q C Q =IFdS Q L Q F
LI=>AJFKMW=IF|:B=7DST7_=>SN=IL>LIMpQ P F-CK=ST7DCK=I8;L Q F Q L>MNC@7DGKFKL>M"Q P F ?|k
"kR:U 8 aDNa
' GE? FE|7UZ 8q? Aq=;=>Zu?ES \^GK==IS|Z5=ICEM L FK8JMWCK=IAJ7UC Lp79AJ=IL>=+L Z5?KSN=a:<7UZ5=IF|:J=CK=+?KA ?KMN=>C@7UCK=>8
=>ZuMW8JQ MWh97U8 g Q ST7R79Q :JZQ P 8i=IAJ7/Q :J=IA;AJ=I8i:BA;=]? Q Q Ay=Q ;=IZ5?KS Q jakdQ 8;: Q 8J=oQ =a`b?KA;=I8B7? Q AySN7L Q FKCKQ MWLIMpQ P F
?
k 0 F|:JA CKGKLIMW=IFKC =I8;:B7]L FKCKMNL>M"P Fn=IFSN7=IL>G@7UL>M"P FCE=:BAJ7UFK8;=>AJ=>FKLIMN7]AB7UCEMT79:JMWh97 s
A;=I8 Q SWhHMN=>FKC Q ? QQ Af8J=I?K7UAB7UQL>M"Q P FoCK=XQh97UAJMN7U[KQ SW=I8=>FKL Q F|:JAB7UZ Q 8IQ v
>?
>?
g . ?9j
=>8CK=>LIMWASN71MWF^:J=IFK8;MNC@79C=>8J?O=ILUrP @Lp7?@7UAB7=IS^LI7U8 Q L Q FK8;MNCK=>AB7UC Q Lp79==l`E? Q FK=>FKLIMN7USNZ5=IF|:J=L Q FSN7
? Q A;GEFKCKMNCK7UC Q P ?E:JMNLp7bkFoZu=>CKM Q 7US:<7UZ5=IF|:J= Q ?@7UL Q ?KA Q h Q Lp79A@7yP GKF@7DCKMN8;ZuMWF^GKLIMpQ P F L Q FE8JMNC
=>AB7U[KSW=4CK=XSN7MWF^:J=IFK8;MNC@79C =I8J?O=ILUrP @LI7_CK=XGKF@7 Q FKC@7_SWGKZrP FKMNLI7Ev^7UGKFE\HGE=X=I8;:B7DY@7 s 7_AJ=>L Q A;AJMWC Q
GKFK75CKMW8;:B7UFKLIMN7_SNMWFK=p7UScZ_G s ?O=I\^GK= F@ 7Ek
]Q P :B=>8J=D=IF=>8;:<7 8;MW:BGK7ULIMpQ P F/\^GK=DST7=>FK=IA;@r P 7'\^GK=y?KMW=IA;CK=_ST7 Q FKC@7'=I879[K8 Q A;[KMNCK7'L Q Z5?KSN=a:<7
Z5=IF|:B=? Q A=ISZ5=ICKM Q v)LI7UGK8B79FKC Q GKF MNFELIAJ=>Zu=>F|: Q =IFxSN7:B=>Zu?O=IAJ79:BGKAJ7]CK=>SZuMW8JZ Q k Q 8
=>FEAJ=>F^:B7UZ Q 857U8prP 7GKF@78JMW:JG@7UL>M"Q P FxCK=oCK=I8;=I\^GKMWSNMN[EAJM Q =>F|:BAJ=oST7/=>FK=IA;@rP 7L Q F|:J=IFKMWC@7R=>F~=>S
Z5=ICKM Q_s ST7:JAB7UFE8J? Q A;:B7UC@7y? Q AfSN7 Q FKC@7y=ISW=ILa:BA Q Z7UUFw=>P :JMNLp7\HGE=SN7D79:BAJ7"hHMW=I8B7bk
bkR :U 3 8n IH Ia al :U9 8DU D U
:BA Q Lp7U8 Q CK=MNF|:J=IAH=>P 8=I817U\^GK=IS%=>F=>S \^GK==>S Z5=ICEM Q CK=ahbGE=ISWhU=L Q Zu?ESN=>:B7UZ5=IF|:B=X7yST7 Q FEC@7
SN7u=IFE=IAJKrP 7\^GK=_SW=A Q [@7Ekm=I8i:<7'8;MW:BGK7ULIMpQ P F]8;=_ST75SNST79Z7 Ib Il al :U9 8DU D U
s ? Q Af8;GCK=a@FKMWLIM"Q P Fo=>8;:B7UA@7yP Lp7UAJ7UL>:J=IA;MN{p79C@7D? Q AfSN7DL Q FKCEMNLIMpQ P F+$
V >1?
g bk j
V ?
7 Q A bk =>8;: Q MWZu?ESNMNLI7d\^GK= ?
>?^k &X7UC Q \^GK= SN7~L Q FECKMNL>M"Q P FCK= =>\^GKMNSWMN[KA;M Q :J=IA
Z Q CEMNF7UP Z5MNL Q : Q :B7US=>8D?KAJ=>LIMW8B7UZ5=IF|:B=ST7]\^GK='LI7UAB79L>:B=>AJMW{p7/7]S Q \^GK= 8J='L Q F Q LI='L Q Z Q GKF
L>GK=IA;? Q FE=IA Q vbSN7MWF^:J=IFK8;MNC@79C=I8;?c=>LrP @Lp7_CK=ST7AB7UCEMT7UL>M"Q P F5=IF'=>ScMWF|:B=IA;M Q A+CK=>SZ5MN8;Z Q ?KGK=>CK=
=>8JLIA;MN[KMWAJ8;=Uv@? Q AfS Q 8fA;=I8;GKSW:B7UC Q 8CK=>S%7U?=IP FECKMNL>=5vK7U8prP v
&%(' H
"
>1?
? g"!$# j
@()+*
g %(''%@ 2 !$# j . "
{
S = B(T4)
T4
S = B(T3)
T3
T2
S = B(T2)
S = B(T1)
T1
I
{
{
v
"
Superficie Estelar
ATMSFERA
ESTELAR
S ( )
`Cc g3~c1d_tuyxc3y.yxo `uc cehoihtucos`Cccep g bqoipcko epor`ucTid_ipod_o cT`Losxo_epipc3iIors`Cc Otuhc {ho nLc3d_o1ehoI1g ihtudrc3orseho1
tCs~yzo sxtCy~cTorseho|1ipc3s~yzod_oipdcc.hw~c3ho 1Lg1iNo;epcic I1g svw~s~c{xipgTbqwxs~yxtCyxc1y 1g zehtudrc.wxoeptos~yzo c
sxg.tCx`CtCdc
wxs~cOtCsxors~pcxipgTbqwxs yxc3y`CtsxocT` ~htsxg wxo{ cTidrcv`CcLc3ho{yxo`uc cep 1g ;bqorico epor`ucTi
I
{
{
v
I(0,/2) = a + b
I(0,)
I(0,/2) = a
?
? ?
?Z
o;epc
^as
Limbo
I
I
Centro
I
{
{
v
H
W !
;on~c hwxxwxo epgmwxo `Cc ipc1yztCc1d_t3g s orsehicTsepo3 `C`o-c orsxoih| cyxohxihod_tucTx`Co d_g1OLcTic3yxcKd_g1s C` cm1w~o
ehicTsL;g3ihepcv`CcOic3yztuc3drt1g spcT`Ctoseho3N^ epgOo -cT`CtCyzg drw~cTs~yx ghwxg3sxog1wxo{or`<o;~c1d_tCgo.QehoihtCg3icO`CccTeh 1g ;bqoric
yzok`uco epiho``uco;eL{
c d_g1O~`orepcTos1epoko.zorsehg.yzobqwxosehoNyxoipc1yztCc1d_t3g sdrg3~c3ipc3x`oorsehotsepors~pc3 c`Cc{cTeh 1g ; bqoric
tCh cx
I
{
{
v
'
g
|j
=I8DCE=ILIMWAIv+=IFeST7]7U?KA `bMNZu7UL>M"P FSWMNFK=I7USz?@7UAB7 v+L FK8JMWCK=IAJ7UFKC b GKF@779:JZP 8;=IAJ7]A;MN8Iv+SN7
:B=>Zu?O=IAJ79:BGEAB74=a=IL>:JMWh9Q 7CE=GKF@Q74=>8;:JAJ=ISWST71=I8)MWG@7USH74SNQ 71:B=>Zu?O=IAJ79:BQ GEAB74CK=GKs F@7VLI7U?@74CK=wQ 8JGD79:JZQ P 8;=IAJ7
8JM:BG@79C@7t7tGKF@7?KA Q GEFKCKMNCK7UC Q P ?E:JMNLp7oZu=>CKMT7CKA= bk ' = CK=>Z_GK=I8i:BAJ7tCK='=I8i:<7/Zu7UFK=IAJ7]ST7oMNCK=I7
=a`b?KA;=I8J7UC@7=IF~=IS4LI7U?rP :BGKS Q 7UF|:J=IAJM Q AIvwCK=]\^GK=tSN7:J=IZ5?c=>AB79:JGKAB7R=>=>L>:BMh97nF Q L Q AJA;=I8;? Q FECK=/7nSN7
:B=>Zu?O=IAJ79:BGEAB7D8JGK?O=IAi@LIMN7USCK=ST7_=>8;:JAJ=ISWST7Ek
8Z~7UP 8AJ=>SN=ahU79F^:J=I8_A;=I8;GKSW:B7UC 8 [E:J=IFKMWC 8YK7U8;:B7=I8i:B='?EGKF|: ?@79A;:BMW=IA FCE=ST7-8JGE? 8;MNL>M"P FCK=
GKF@Q 7CK=I?O=IFECK=IFKL>MT7SWMNFK=I7USKCK= nQ L Q FQ ST7X?KA Q Q GKFKCEMNC@7UCQ P ?E:JMNLp7bk QQ Z Q hHMWZ QQ 8+SN7=l`b?c=>AJMN=>FKQ LIMN7LQ Q F=>S
=IFfQ P Zu=>F Q CK=>S Q 8;LIGKA;=ILIMWZuMW=IF|: Q CK=ISKSWMNZ_[ Q =I8;:J=ISN7UA)CK=>Z_GK=I8i:BAJ7\^GK=w=I8;:B7X8JGK? Q 8JMWLIMpQ P F_=I8=>FD=IFE=IAB79S
hw7UP SNMWC@7Ev|?O=IA Q v ? Q CK=IZ Q 8+C@7UAzGKF@7=a`b?KSWMNLp79LIM"Q P FyrP 8JMWLp77=>8;:B=YK=IL<Y Q k Fu=I8;:JGKCKM Q 8JMWZu?ESNMWKLp7UC Q
CK=>S=I\^GKMWSNMW[KAJM Q Z5=ILq7UP FKMNL Qus :b=>P AJZ5MNL Q CK=SN7'79:BZ~Q P 8i=IAB75=I8i:B=ISN7UAVF Q 8V?c=>AJZ5MW:J==l`E?ESNMNLI7UA4=>F/[@7U8;=D7
L Q FK8JMWCK=IAJ7ULIM Q FK=I8firP 8JMNLI7U8:<79Fo?K7UA;:prP LIGEST7UACE=I?O=IFKCK=>FKLIMN75CE=SN7D=I8J?O=IL>MT7USqGEFKLIMpQ P F fk
779AB7f=ISWS Q L Q FK8JMWCK=IA;=IZ Q 8L Q Z Q ?KGKF|: Q CK=?K7UA;:JMNC@7SN7=ILIGK7ULIMpQ P FCK=:BAB79FK8;=>AJ=IFELIMT7fAJ7UCKMT7}:BMWh97w=>8JL>AJMW:B7
?@7UAJ7DGKF@7579:BZ~Q P 8;=>AB7DA;MN8?KSN7UF Q ?@7UAJ7USN=>ST7 g =IL>G@7ULIMpQ P F bk jlv
L Q 8 V >? V
g Uj
>? g Uj . ? g j
g Hk " j
MNF|:J=IAJ7UFKC Q 8 Q [KAJ=X: Q C@7U8SN7U8fS Q FEMW:JGKCK=I8wCK= Q FKC@7 Q [E:J=IFK=>Z Q 8>v
L Q 8 V > V
g Uj
> g j . g j
C Q FECK= >
>? s
?|k ' MMWF^:J=IAJ7UZ Q 8f8 Q [EAJ=X: Q C@7U8fSN7U8fCKMNA;=IL>LIM Q FK=I8=IFEL Q F|:BAJ7UZ Q 8Iv
V
> g jEL Q 8 VR\
> g Uj VR\ . g j VR\
V
7U\^GrP > g jEL Q 8 VR\
g j g KG} Q AB7UCKMN79:BMh Q [ Q S Q Zx=aP :BA;MNL Q jlkSN7UZ79FKC Q > g j
M > g Uj VR\ v
ST7_=>LIG@79LIM"Q P F]7UF|:J=IAJM Q Af8J=L Q F|hbMW=IAi:B==IFqv
" V g j
> g j . g j
g Hk " |j
V
FxGKF@7R79:B8;ZQ P 8i=IAJ7t?KST7UF Q ?@7UAB79SN=ISN7]=IFx=>\HGEMNSNMW[KAJM Q :b=>P AJZ5MNL Q vST7]AJ7UCKMN7ULIMpQ P F \^GK=-=IF|:BAJ7=>FxGKF@7
AJ=>M"Q P FCK=uST7-79:JZQ P 8i=IAJ7=I8ST7-Z5MN8JZu7 \^GK=8J7USN=5CK=5=ISNSN7Ev s ? Q AX:B7UF|: Q =>S@G} Q AJ7UCKMN79:BMh Q CK=I[O=
8J=>AL Q FK8i:<7UF|:B=7D: Q C@7U8fST7981?EA Q GKFECKMNC@79CK=I8CK=ST7D79:JZQ P 8;=IAJ7Ev@Mk =Uk
k ' M=ISq@G} Q AB79CKMT79:JMWh Q
8JGbAJMN=>AB7u7USNGEF@7yh97UA;MT7UL>M"Q P Fv@ST7yAJ=IUM"Q P FoC Q FKCE=8J=?KA Q CKG};=>AB75=IS Lp7UZ_[EM Q |7UF@7UAIrP 7 Q ?O=IA;CK=IAIrP 7yGKF@7
Lp79F^:JMNC@79CRCE=5=>FK=IA;@rP 7 =>\HGEMWh97USN=>F|:B=57oCEMNL<Y Q Lp79Z_[KM Q =>F=>S)@G} Q v%S Q \^GK=DhHM Q ST7UAIrP 7SN7'8JGK? Q 8JMWLIMpQ P F
CK='=>\^GKMNSWMN[KA;M"Q P :b=>P AJZ5MNL Q kt%7]=a`bMW=IFKL>MT7oCK='=I\^GKMWSNMW[KAJM Q AJ7UCKMT7}:BMWh Q =>F GKF@7/79:JZQ P 8;=IAJ7A;MN8?KST79F Q
?@7UAJ7USN=>ST7Evb=IFoST7_=>LIG@7UL>M"Q P F bk " 5MWZu?ESNMNLI7? Q A:<7UF|: Q v
> g j
g j
g Hk " j
!
^a`adcT`Ct dcept -1gyzog3`Cg3 _o epihtud_gL%ihod_g3iyzoOgr%o .Q~ihohcor`NnxodnxgKyzo 1w~oho d_g1s~;tuyzoipc`CcKd_g1sehiptxwLd_t3g s4yxo
ehgzyxc1k`Cc1k`g1sx|3tehwLyzoyzo.g1s~yxc~
Iout
Iin
I
g j
>
"
.>
g j VR\
&
"
>
ig
#
j Z >
g j
>
CUERPO
ABSORBENTE
Espectroscopio
I
s=0
s=s
Gf7UP SN=>88 Q F
!"#
!%$&(')*+,-.')-*
V 1> ?
V ?
?
>1?
I
"
Continuo Trmico
B(T)
Pefil de absorcin
>?
? ?
g j
8 CK=IL>MNA%ST7fAB79CKMT7UL>M"P F=>Zu=>AJ=>F^:J=z:JMN=>FK=+=IS|=I8;?c=>L>:JA CK=+GKFLIGK=>AJ? FK=>A 7ST7:B=>Zu?O=IAJ79:BGKAJ7
CK=>SKLIGE=IAJ? Q =IFyLIGE=I8;Q :JM"Q P Fv|=I8CK=>LIMNA=>SK=I8;?c=>L>:JA Q CK=fSTQ 7SNGK{f=>ZuM:BMNCK7Q =I8GEF5Q=>8J?O=ILa:BA Q L Q F|:BMNF^G Q k
&V=XF^GK=ah Q =>SAJ=>8JGKS:<7UC Q =IZ5?r P AJMNL Q CK=ST7D=>8J?O=IL>:JA Q 8;L Q ?qr P 7y8J=AJ=>?KA Q CKGKL>==>F=>8;:B=Lp798 Q k
bk>1? #
v M k =9k)=ISL>GK=IA;? Q =I8i:7yP [@7 F@ 7UC Q ? Q AfAB79CKMT7UL>M"Q P F =l`H:B=IA;M Q A
&V=XF^GK=ah Q C Q 88 Q FoS Q 8f? Q 8;MN[KSW=I8fLp798 Q 8=IFo=I8i:<758JMW:JG@7UL>M"Q P +
F $
"
/10 ?
%7D8JM:BG@7UL>M"Q P F-=>81MWC=IP F|:JMNLp7y7 "p[qk
S+=I8;?c=>L>:BA Q ?KA Q CEGKLIMWC Q =I8GKFn=>8J?O=IL>:JA Q L Q F|:BMWF^G Q k'S?KA;MNFKL>MN?@79S7U? Q A;:J=u79SL Q F|:BMWF^G Q S Q
Y@79LI=-=ISZ5=ICKM ST7tL F^:JAJMW[KGKLIMpQ P Fe\HGE=Y@79LI=-ST7/AB79CKMT7UL>M"Q P F =l`H:B=IA;M Q AyCK=>8B7U?K7UAJ=>LI=o? Q AySN7
GK=>A;:J=79[K8 Q A;LIMpQtQ P Fqs k Q
8;:B7'8JM:BG@7UL>M"Q P F]AJ=I8;GKSW:B7CK=_F^GK=>8;:JA Q L Q Z5?KSW=>: Q MNF|:B=>AH=IP 84C@7UC Q \^GK=D?EGK=ICK=D8;=IA7U8;MNZ5MNSN7UC@7y7
SN78JM:BG@79LIM"Q P Fu\^GK=V=>FEAJ=>F|:<7UZ Q 8wL>G@7UFKC Q =I8;:JGKCKMN7UZ Q 8SN7F@79:JGKAB79SN=I{I7CK=ST7SNGK{1=IZ5MW:JMNC@7? Q A
SN7U8DLp7U?K7U8yZ7UP 8yMWF^:J=IA;M Q A;=I8DCK=-ST779:JZQ P 8;=IAJ7/CK=-ST7/=I8i:BAJ=>SNSN7 $-8;=IwGKP Fe? Q CK=>Z Q 8_hU=IA;MW@LI7UA
? Q A1=IS 7UF7UP SWMN8;MN8fCKF= "p[qkfST7yAB79CKMT7UL>M"Q P F-=>ZuM:BMNCK7y? Q A=I8i:<7U8Lp7U?K7U84C Q FKCK=SN7 Q ?@7ULIMWC@7UCo=I8=IF
=l`b:JAJ=>Z Q 7USW:B7EvvK7U? Q A;:<7D=>SL Q F|:BMWF^G QuQ [K8J=>A;h97UC Q =IFo=IS=>8J?O=IL>:JA Q CK=ST7D=I8i:BA;=ISNSN7Ek
0 ?
"
Fo=I8;:J=LI7U8 Q bk " 79C Q ?E:B7ySN7_ Q AJZu7Ev
>1?
>1? # Z ? g ? . >1? # j
' M8;=C@75\^GK= ?
>? # =IF|: Q FKLI=>8SN7_AB7UCKMN7ULIMpQ P F =IZ5MW:JMNC@7:BMN=>FK=ST7 Q A;Z7bv
>1?
?
? "!$#
>1?
>? # Z ??
>1? #
>1?
>? # Z
? J
, ? .
>1? #
I
Continuo Trmico
B(T)
Pefil de absorcin
>?
>? #
. /
? J
, ? .
>1? #
I = B(T)
S = B(Tc)
Pefil de absorcin
.')
('
* ,"#
- -%$&(')*+
?
?
" .
?
?
"
?
. ?
I
MWGKABm
7 bk#" $ 479:JGKAB79SN=I{I7CK=>S=I8J?O=ILa:BA CK=7U[K8 AJLIMpP FCE=GKFK7=I8i:BA;=ISNSN7=>FGKFCKMT7UUAB7UZu7VCK=KG} Q
CK=AB79CKMT7UL>M"Q P F L Q F|:BAJ75S Q FKM:BGKC'CE= Q FKC@Q 7Ek Q Q
F / Fc
1
P
F/F
Lnea delgada
Lnea saturada
Lnea gruesa
? # "
? #
?#
"
.
;?
I
/ ? /
? Z
?
?
?
/ ? /
/ ?
? <Z
QCK=F ST7yQ LI79MW:JC ZQ =>P 8;Fy=I7UAJSN7_wGK=IP F8i:B=ICKSN=>7U:BA7USNMNSWFK=wCKS 7UQ 8GKCK=>MWZ 8;:JMNF|8: Q79Y8ZuAB7D=>Lp? 7UFEAfMN8JSTZ 7_Q Zu87U\HFKGE=>=ABC@7D7UL FDZ SWGK|vE7UAS 748fST?K7VA 79[KL>=I8 Q8 A;LI8MpQCEP F_==I79Fy[K8 =>SEA;8JLI=>MpF P FQ
CK=>8JLIA;MW: Q 8179Q =ILa:<7UF-ST7_AJ7UCKMN7ULIMpQ P F \^GK=Q ST7D79:JQ AB7phHMN=I8JQ 7D=IFK=>AB7UFEC Q SrPQ FK=I7UQ 8L Q Q F?O=IQ Ai@SN=>Q 8fCK=>KFKMNC Q Q 8Iv@MQ k =Uk
[KGK8;\^GK=IZ Q 8VSN7uL Q FK=a`bM"Q P Ft=a`b?KSrP LIM:<7y=IF|:BA;=_=IS ?O=IA;KS ?DCE=GKF@7uSrP FE=p7 s =>Sh97US Q ACK=_ST7 Q ?@79LIMNCK7UC
=IFoST798fS Q FKUMW:BGECK=I8fCK= Q FEC@7DL Q A;AJ=I8;? Q FKCKMN=>F|:B=I87D=ISWST7Ek
7 AV8JMWZu?KSWMNL>MNC@7UCv@L FK8;MNCK=>AJ=>Z 84ST75 AJZu7ULIMpP F]CK=GKF@7SP FK=I7uCK=>SN|7UCK7EvM k =9k ?
"k 77UAB7'=>S
Lp79Q 8 Q =>8CE==>8J?O=IAJ7UAJ8;Q =\^GK==a`bMN8iQ :<7yGKF@7uQ CE=I?O=IFKQ CK=>FKLIMN7uCKMWAJ=>rL>:<7y=IF|:JAJ=ST7 Q ?@7UL>MNC@79Co?EGKF|:BG@7US / ? v s
=ISZu=>FKLIM Q F@7UC Q ?O=IAi@SvCK=yZ Q C Q \^GK=y?@7UAJ7'GKFZu=>CKM Q ZG stQ ?K7UL Q =IFGKFK7-L>MN=>A;:<7'S Q FKM:BGKC]CK=
Qm4FK8;CKGK7yZuSN7U7DZ ?KA 8Q ?KGE7UFKABCK7-MNCKST7-7UC-79:JCKZ=STP 7_8i=ISrPAJFK7o=p7_SN7 L Qh9AJ7UA;SW=IMNCK8;?=>{yQ FECKCK=5MN=>: F^:JCK=7U8;8=pST7D7U8:<7U8JZGE?[KMa=>P8;FoMNL>MZuFK7 s=>8Q A>k ? AX:<79F^: S 8AJ=>8JGKS
:<79C Q 8 Q [E:JQ =IFKMWC Q 8=IFSN7-8;=IQ L>LIM"Q P F HkEk ' =IwGKP FCKMWL<QY Q 8XAJ=>8JGKS:<7UC Q Q 8? Q Q CK=IZ Q s 87UQ 8;GKZ5MNAV\^Q GK=yQ =IS)KG} Q
AB79CKMT79:JMWh Q ?L Q AJA;=I8J? Q FKCEMN=IF|:J=7LIG@79SN\^GKMN=>AwS Q FKM:BGKCuCK= Q FKCK7=IF =>S=I8;?c=>L>:JA Q CK=VSN7=I8i:BAJ=>SNSN7Evb=>8
MNUG@7US)=>FhHMNAi:BGKCRCK=yST7 AJ=>ST7UL>M"Q P FCK=5CKCKMWFKU: Q F w7UAJ[KMW=IA7USh97US Q AXCK=>S+KG} Q ?\^GK==>Z79F@7 CK=
GKF L>GK=IA;? Q FK=>A Q L Q F SN7:B=>Zu?O=IAJ79:BGKAJ7CK=VGEF@7Lp79?@7_?@7UAJ7ST7LIG@7US ?
bkSc@G} Q =>8J?O=IAJ7UC Q
=IF =>ScL Q F|:BMWFHG Q ?X8 Q [EAJ=V=>S\^GK=V8;=V8JGK?O=IA;? Q FK=IF-ST798SrP FK=I7U8=>8J?O=ILa:BAB79SN=I8>vK Q {I7UA@7P CK=VST798Z5MN8;Z7U8
Lp79A@7UP La:B=IAIrP 8i:BMNLI7U8?O=IA Q ST7o?KA Q GKFKCKMWC@7UC Q P ?b:BMNLI7]7]L Q FK8;MNCK=>AB7UA8J=IAK7tP ST7oL Q A;AJ=I8;? Q FKCKMN=>F|:B= 7]SN7]7U[
8 Q AJLIMpQ P Ft=>F/=IS L Q F|:BMWF^G Q Lp79AB7ULa:B=IA;MN{I7UC@7? Q A4SN7 Q ?K7ULIMWC@7UC / ? BkXF]hHMNAi:BGKC]CK=_=I8i: Q v=IS ?c=>A;@SCK=
ST7SrP FE=p7=>8J?O=ILa:BAB79SCK=ISW|7UC@7L Q FK8;MNCK=>AB7UC@7bvE=>h97USWG@7UC Q =IF-GKF@7_S Q FKM:BGKCuCK= Q FKC@7!@-=IF 8;GoMWF|:B=IA;M Q A
=I8i:<7UAK7UP C@7UC Q v@? Q AfCK=>@FEMNLIMpQ P FqvK=>FS Q 8f8JMWGKMW=IF|:B=>8:b=IP A;ZuMWF Q 8Iv
?
? . ?
?
g
? |? j .
? g | ?j
|j
g
&X7UC Q \HGE= ?
"'v ? 2 ?|vqCK=_7U\^Gr P 8;=_8JMWGK=_? Q A:B7UF|: Q \^GK=DSN7uA;=IMpQ P Ft=IF/SN779:JZQ P 8;=IAJ7
CK=>8JCK=ST7tLIGK7US=I85=IZ5MW:BMWC@7]SN7AJ7UCKMN7ULIMpQ P F \^GK=]L Q F|:BAJMW[KG s =o:B7UF|: Q 7 ?tL Q Z Q 7 ?]=>87U?EA Q `
MNZu7UC@79Zu=>F^:J=SN7nZ5MN8JZu7EvM k =9k ? 2 ? vCK=/C Q FKCE=Uv7U8JGKZ5MN=>FKC Q MWFKCK=>?c=>FKCK=IFELIMT7CE= / L Q F
ST7t?EA Q GKFECKMNC@79C SNMNFE=p7US8J=-?KGK=>CK=-L Q FKL>SNGKMWA_\^GK= / ? 2 / ? s 7U8IrP / ? / ? BvzL Q Z Q =IAJ7/CK=
=I8;?c=>AB7UA;8J=?@7UAJ7yGEF@75SrP FK=I7_CK=ISW|7UC@7D=>FSN7_\HGE=SN7D7U[K8 Q AJLIMpQ P F-?KGKF|:BGK7US%=I8Lp7U8IrP F^GKST7Ek
%7_h=IL>MNFKCK7UC=>F|:BAJ=SN7U8Lp79?@7U8 ?
s ?
bvKF Q 8f?O=IA;ZuM:B=VA;=p7USWMN{p79AwGKF@7D=l`E?K7UFK8JMpQ P FoCK=
? g ?
|j79SNAJ=>CK=IC Q AfCK= ? \HGE=:JMN=>FK=ST7 Q A;Z7Ev
? g ?
|
j 2 ? g ?
kj Z V
V ? ?
?
H
=IS?O=IAi@SCK=ST7_SrP FK=I7_\^GK=IC@75? Q A:<7UF|: Q v
V
?Uj
?
. g
?
? ?
?
V ?
H
I
V=7U\^GrP : Q Z79FKC Q
&
LIGK7UFKC Q
?
?
?
_:J=IFK=>Z Q >8 v
? %Z
/ ?
/ ?
/ ?
?
CK=C Q FECK=Uv
.
?
?
?
?
. /
/ ?
MWF@7USNZ5=IF|:J=V=IS?O=IAi@SCK=ST7_SrP FK=I7_\HGE=IC@7Ev
9j
g
g Hk " j
/
H
FK7L Q FK8J=>LIGK=>FKLIMN7]MNF|:B=>AJ=>8J=IF|:J==IFnFHGE=I8;:JA Q L Q F Q LIMWZuMW=IF|: Q CK=5ST7 =I8i:BA;GKL>:JGKAB7]CE=uSN7U8Sr P FE=p7U8=I8
?O=IL>:JAB7USW=I8_8;= 8JMWGK='CK=ST7GKP S:BMWZ7-AJ=>ST7UL>M"Q P F $'F =ISWST7=>8DLISN7UAB7]SN7L Q FK=a`bMpQ P FxCKMNA;=IL>:B7]=a`bMW8;:B=>F|:B=
=IF|:JAJ= =ISzh97US Q ACK=>S?c=>A;@SCK='SN7]SrP FK=p7 s ST7 Q ?@7UL>MNC@79CCK= ST7oZ7}:B=IA;MT7o=IFxST7oS Q FKUMW:BGECnCK= Q FEC@7
L Q AJAJ=>8J? Q FKCKMW=IF|:B=9k%7MNZ5? Q A;:<79FKLIMN75CK==I8;:J=_AJ=>8JGKS:<7UC Q AB7UCEMNLp7u=IF/=IS YK=>L<Y Q CK=_\^GK=_=>SL Q Zu? Q A
:<79ZuMW=IF|: Q CK= / ? CE=>:B=>AJZ5MNF@79AB7 L Q Z5?KSW=>:<79Zu=>F^:J=yST7' Q AJZu7 CK=5ST7 SrP FK=p7 s hHMNL>=>h=>AJ8J7t=IS+=I8i:BGKCKM Q
CK=VSN7SrP FK=p7F Q 8MWFE Q A;Z7UAK7P CK=4ST7Zu7UFK=>AB7L Q Z Q 7U[K8 Q AJ[O=VAB7UCEMT7UL>M"Q P Fu=IF CKMW8;:BMWF|:<7U8S Q FKUMW:BGECK=I8CK=
QFKAJ7UCKF 75h SN7_SWZGKZu79:J=>=IF-A;MTCK7_==IMN8iFE:B=>ST7UA;ZA>k79LIM"81P =IF'8i:<=a7y`E7UC Z5Q [KMNF@SW=X79FKAJC=ISN7ULI8@MpPQ P S F-ST=I7_S=I\^8;GK?c==>L>SN=X:JA ?O=ICKA;Zu=MST:B7D==I7U8iS:BAJ79=>8;SN:BSN7EA Q k irP 8;MNL Q =l`H:BAB79=IAGKF
Q
Q Q
Q QQ
Q
Q 8A;=I8;:B7d? Q Ao7UY Q AJ7e?EAJ=IUGKF|:<7UA;F Q 8Iv?@79AB7xCKMN8i:BMNF|:B7U8-L Q FKCEMNLIM Q FK=>8oZu79:J=IAJMN7USN=>8
\^G=P Q AJZu7
7UC Q ?E:<7DST7 Q ?K7ULIMWC@7UC ?KGKF|:JG@7US / ? k
%7 Z7UP 88;=IFKL>MNSNSN7'8JM:BG@7UL>M"P FL FK8JMWCK=IAJ7UC@7-=I87U\^GK=>SNST7 =>FSN7-L>G@7USSN7 ?@7UL>MNC@7UCR?KGKF|:JG@7US8J=5Y@7UL>=
LI=>A Q =>Fu: Q C@798SN7U8S Q FKM:BQGKCE=I8+Q CK= Q FKC@7=l`bLI=I?b: Q =IF7U\^GK=ISWST7L Q A;AJ=>8J? Q Q FKCKMW=IF|:B=X7ST7SrP FK=p7ZuMW8JZu7Ek
F =I8;=XLp7U8 Q =ISNSN7Evb7UScYE=IAJ=>C@7UAfSN7U8w?KA Q ?KMW=IC@7UCE=I8CK= / =>F'hbMWA;:JGKC CK= bk#" vH8J=XF Q 8?KAJ=>8J=>F^:B7DL Q Z Q
MNFb@FKMW:B7UZ5=IF|:B=VCE=ISN7UC@7Ek
%7'8JM:BG@7UL>M"Q P F]AJ=p79S=I8X8;MNF/=>Z_[@7UA; Q =IF|:B=>AB7UZ5=IF|:J=DCKMN8i:BMNF|:B7 $4SN7U84SrP FK=I7U84?KA;=I8;=IF|:<7UF7UFKL<Y Q 8X@FKM
: Q 8Iv@S Q \^GK=? Q A:<7UF|: Q MNZ5?KSWMNLp79A@7P \^GK=ST7 Q ?K7ULIMWC@7UC-?KGKF|:BGK7US%=I8CKMN8i:BMWF^:B7DCK=L>=IA Q MWFKLISWGK8 Q =IFoST798
h=>LIMWFKC@7UCK=>8uCE=oSN7tS Q FEMW:JGKCCK= Q FKCK7L>=IF|:BAJ7USkx8i:B= =IFQ P Zu=>F Q AJ=IL>MN[O= =ISfF Q Z_[KAJ= CE=o=>FK8B79F
L<Y@7UZ5MN=>F|: Q CK=SN7ySrP FK=I7 sQ [c=>CK=IL>=_7yCKMN8i:BMNF|: Q 8Zu=>Lp7UFKMW8JZ Q 8L Q FE=IL>:B7UC Q 8L Q F8JGo Q AJZu7ULIMpQ P Fqkzm
L Q F^:JMNF^G@7UL>M"Q P F-=>8;:BGECKMT7UA;=IZ Q 8fS Q 8fCKMN8i:BMNF|: Q 8f?KA Q LI=>8 Q 81? Q AfS Q 8fL>G@7USW=I8fST7 Q ?K7ULIMWC@7UC ?KGKF|:JG@7US%8JGEA;=
GKFo=IFK8J7UFKL<Y@79ZuMW=IF|: Q AJ=>8J? Q FK8B79[KSN=? Q Af=IS%7UFEL<Y Q KFKMW: Q5Q [K8J=>A;h97UC Q CK=ST7U8fSrP FK=I7U8=>8J?O=IL>:JAB7USW=I8>k
?
? V ?
V
?
?
k EI8EUD38@ 8OUb;U
Z hbMWZ 8 ST7U8-SP FK=p798 =I8J?O=ILa:BAJ7USN=>8]CK=7U[K8 AJL>M"P F 7U?@7UA;=IL>=IF =>F =>S=>8J?O=ILa:BA CK=RGKF@7
=>8;Q :BA;=ISWQ ST7nL>G@7UQ FKC Q :JMN=Ir FE=IF SNGK7UA=>F SN779:JZQ P 8i=IQ AJ7QCK=/ST7nZ5MN8;Z7R?KA Q LI=>8 Q 8-CK=Q79[K8 Q A;LIMpQ P F
L Q AJA;=I8J? Q FKCEMN=IF|:J=I8'7/:BAJ7UFK8;MNLIM Q FK=>85=>SN=>L>:BAKQ P FKMWLp7U8y=IF|:JAJ=o=I8;:B7U85SNMN7UC Q 8DCK=oGKF79P : Q Z Q kd%7
:JAB7UFK8;MNL>M"Q P F=>SN=>L>:BAKQ P FKMWLp7t?KGK=>CK=-=IFx=>FK=IAJ7US Q LIGKA;AJMNA=IF|:BA;=-=I8;:B7UC Q 8D=l`bLIMW:B7UC Q 8DCE=IS-79P : Q Z Q
L Q FK8JMWCK=IAJ7UC Q k F=>8;:<79C Q 79:@Q P Z5MNL Q =l`EL>MW:B7UC Q 8J=]LI7UAB79L>:B=>AJMW{p7? Q AD:B=>FK=IAuGKFd:JMN=>Zu? Q CK=
hHMNCK7R@FKM: Q $t=IS1=I8i:<7UC Q =I8MWFK=I8i:<7U[ESN=Uk ' M18J=?KAJ=a:B=>FKCKMN=>AB7nA;=p7USWMN{I7UAyGKF@7Z5=ICEMNC@7RCK=]SN7
=>FK=IA;@rP 7/CK=>Sf=ISN=>L>:JA@Q P Fx=IFeGKFe=I8i:<7UC Q L Q Z Q =I8i:B=9vw8J=oL Q F^:B7UAIrP 7t8@Q P S Q L Q FeGKF :BMW=IZ5? Q Y M H
gMWFKhbLIMWC@=>A;7':BMWZ5CKGK=IZ_CKMN[E7'AJCK=UvE=IS)=IF-=>8;hb:B7UMWA;C :JQGKjVC-?@CK7U=IAJS%7'?KY@A;MN7UFKL>L>=IMNAJ?KS MQ k_CK=S)6h9=>7UMNS 8JQ =>A4F^CK[c=y=>AJSNK7v=IC@FK7U=>C AJKrP ? 7 Q A>[Ev :B=>FKMNC Q :B=IFECKAprP 7'GKF@7
Q
Q Q
" v8
%
kY
M H
% '
@
@ H
'
"
M H
Z
Y
"
M H
I
"
@
@ H
'
"
M H
Z
Y
"
M H
r = ra
Situacin original
r = 2ra
v
vt
Situacin equivalente
"
M H
"
@
@ H
'
E
I
Q=>FoFEGECKF=VZ5YK=I=>CKZ M Q 8w7D7UGK8JGEF@Zu7_MW:BC =>ZuQ \^?OGK=IAJ= 79 :BGE
AB7 vE2 ! A; ZE 7UCK=I8w7_ST? 7hUAw=I?@S Q 7ULIA;MW:pC@P L>7UGKC'ST7U?E8wA Q CKZ5==IZCKM7UQ 8J7_CK=4ZuGK=>F@CK7_MT7 ?@E 7UAi:"rP LIL GKSNF 7
s Q
GKFK75CKMW8;:JAJMN[EGKQ LIMpQ P F Z7`=ISWSNMN7UF@7CK=X! hU=IS Q Q LIMWC@7UCK=>8Ik Q r
S=>FP Z5=IF CE=t=IFK8J7UFKL<Y@79ZuMW=IF|: ? AL SNMW8JM FK=I8u=a`b?KSWMNLp7ST7U8uCKMW=>AJ=IFELIMT798'=I8;?c=>L>:BAJ7USN=>8
=l`EMW8;:J=IF|Q :B=>8=>F^Q :JAJ=yS Q 84:BMW? Q 84CK=5 Q Q A;|7UFQ sQ =I=>F@Q 7UFqkyFST7'8;=IL>LIM"Q P F "Uk Y@7U[qrP 7UZ Q 84YE=IL<Y Q
F Q :<7UA%\^GK=zLIG@7UFEC Q 8;==l`E7UZuMWF@7UFS Q 8 =>8J?O=ILa:BA Q 8CK=z=I8i:BA;=ISNSN7U8%CK=IS|Z5MN8;Z Q :JMN? Q CK=w67UA;h97UA;C8;=
F Q :<7\^GK=w=ISK79FKL<Y Q : Q :<7USHCK=ST7U8 SrP FK=p7U8>vUSN7U8Z5MN8;Z798?@79AB71: Q C Q 8Iv}hU79AJMT79[@7CK=GKF@7U8=I8;:JAJ=>SNST798
7 Q :JAB7U8>vH8;MN=>FKC Q Z7 sQ ALIG@7UFEC Q SN7V=I8;:JAJ=>SNST7X=>AB7Zu=>F Q 8+SNGKZ5MNF Q 8B7 s Zu=>F Q A+=IF5ST7X8JM:BG@79LIM"Q P F
L Q F|:BAB79AJMT7bk mY Q AJ7=I8i:<7UZ Q 8 =IFLp7U?@79LIMNCK7UCCK=z=a`b?KSWMNLI7UA%=IS^=IFQ P Z5=IF Q $ %7U8 =I8;:JAJ=>SNST798 Z5=IF Q 8
SWGKZuMWF Q 8J7U8Iv s ? Q A1:B7UF|: Q ST7U81Z79P 8?O=I\^GK= FK 7U8Iv:BMW=IFK=>F/79:BZ~Q P 8i=IAB798Z~7UP 8CK=IFE8B7U8 g Z7 sUQ A qj
\^GK=_SN7U81=I8;:JAJ=>SNST7984Z~7UP 8SWGKZ5MNF Q 8J7U8Ik &V=ST7u=l`b?KAJ=>8JM"Q P Ft?@7UAJ7=IS =IFK8J7UFKL<Y@79ZuMW=IF|: Q L Q SNMW8JM Q F@7US
8;=8JMWGK=\^GK=8;GK84SzrP FE=p7U81CK=I[O=IF]8J=IA? Q A1:B7UF|: Q Z~7UP 817UFKL<YK7U8V\^GK=SN7U8L Q A;AJ=>8J? Q FKCKMW=IF|:B=>8X7
SN7U8fCK==I8i:BAJ=>SNSN7U8IvKL Q FoST7_Z5MN8JZu7:B=>Zu?O=IAJ79:BGEAB7EvK?O=IA Q Z7UP 8fSWGKZ5MNF Q 8J7U8IvbMk =UkZ~7UP 8fAJ7UFKCK=>8Ik
S48;MNZ5MNSN7UA Q AJMW=IFdCK=IS=IFK8J7UFKL<Y@79ZuMW=IF|: Q F@7}:BGKAJ7US s =IS=IFK8J7UFKL<Y@79ZuMW=IF|: Q ? Q AL Q SNMW8JM Q FK=I8
MWZu?KSWMNLI7u\^GK=y=IF=ISGEP SW:BMWZ Q Lp798 Q L Q Z Q =IF=IS?KAJMWZu=>A Q 8J=y?KA Q CEGKLI=DGKF?O=IAi@SS Q A;=IF|:B{>MT7UF Q
?@79AB7DST7_SrP FK=I7Ek
Ekv8EI
8 EUD3 8@ _ |ONa
S=a=IL>: C ?K?KSW=IAD?KA CEGKLIMWC ? A_=ISZ hHMNZ5MN=IF|: L FE8;:<79F^:J=-CK= ST7U8?@7UA;:pP L>GKST7U8CK= GKF
Z5=ICKM Q \^QGK=?KQ A Q CKGKL>=GEQ F@7DSrP FE=pQ 7_=I8;Q ?c=>L>:JAB7USQ =>81SN7_Z79PQ 8fF@Q 79:BGEAB7US s CKMNA;=ILa:<7_GK=IF|r :J=CE==>FK8B79F
L<Y@79ZuMW=IF|: Q CK=GKF@7ySrP FK=p7_=>8J?O=ILa:BAB79Sk
0 Zu7UMWFK=IZ Q 8 GKFyY@7U{fCK=fAJ7UCKMT79LIM"Q P F\^GK=79:JAB7phHMN=I8J7XGKFDZu=>CKM Q Q AJZu7UC Q ? Q Ay7}P : Q Z Q 8)CK=wGKF@7
Z5MN8;Z Q :JMN? Q's \HGE=u=>8;:79P F=>FnLp79?@7ULIMWC@7UCRCK=57U[K8 Q AJ[O=IA=IFAJ=>? Q 8 Q GEFR Q :@Q P FRCK=yS Q FKUMW:BGEC
CK= Q FKC@7 @ # kScY@79{4CK=AB7UCKMN7ULIMpQ P F58JMNFu=IZ_[K7UAJ Q =IFKL>GK=IF|:JAB7_S Q 8'79P : Q Z Q 8+=IF'Z_G s CEMN8;:JMNF|: Q 8
=>8;:<79C Q 8CE=Z Q hbMWZuMW=IF|: Q $ 7USWGKF Q 8%CK=z=ISWS Q 8:J=IFKCKAK7UP FGEF@71hU=IS Q LIMWC@7UC\^GK=w=>8?O=IA;?c=>FKCKMNL>GKST79A
7ST7CKMNA;=IL>LIM"Q P FuCK=1?KA Q ?@7U|79LIM"Q P FuCK=1ST7AB79CKMT7UL>M"Q P F s ? Q A:<7UF|: Q 7U[E8 Q A;[c=>AB7UFuS Q 8 Q : Q FK=I8z\^GK=
:J=IFK|79F'=a`E7ULa:<7UZ5=IF|:B=4S Q FKUMW:BGECCK= Q FKC@7 @ # Q :BA Q 8w8;MNF'=>Z_[@7UA; Q :J=IFKCEA@7UP F GKFK7h=>S Q LIMNCK7UC
=>FdSN7CEMNAJ=>LIL>M"Q P FxCK=-?KA Q ?@7U|79LIM"Q P FeCE=oSN7tAB7UCEMT7UL>M"Q P Fqv+SWSN=IFEC Q 7R8;Gd=>FKLIGE=IF|:BA Q ? Q ADS Q \^GK=
7U[E8 Q A;[c=>AB7UF/ Q : Q FK=I8XL Q F/S Q FKMW:JGKCK=>8VCK= Q FKCK7-Zu7 sQ A4\HGE= @ # v Q =>FCKMNA;=ILIL>M"Q P F]L Q F|:BAJ7UAJMN7
7U[E8 Q A;[KMN=>FKC Q Q : Q FE=I8yL Q FdS Q FEMW:JGKC CK= Q FKC@7Zu=>F Q AD\^GK=@ # k~SAJ=>8JGKS:<7UC Q @FK7USf8J=>A@7 P
\^GK=5 Q : Q FE=I8CK=S Q FKM:BGKCK=>8CK= Q FEC@7ohU=ILIMWF@7U87 @ # 8;=IA@79P F7U[K8 Q AJ[EMNC Q 8>v?KA Q CEGKLIMW=IFKC Q GKF
=>FK8B7UFEL<Y@7UZ5MN=IF|: Q CK=SN7_SrP FE=p7_L Q AJAJ=>8J? Q FKCKMW=IF|:B=9k
' Mw7U8JGEZuMWZ Q 8\^GK= ST7hU=IS Q L>MNC@7UC ?EA Q Z5=ICKM Q CK= SN7U8?@79A;:pr P LIGKSN7U8CE=ISZ5=ICKM Q =I8i:7/
P C@7UCK7t=IF
hHMNAi:BGKCCK=wSN7=I8i:<7UCqrP 8;:JMNLI7CK=7}` w=>SNSv9? Q A
2 ! E v? Q A=a=ILa: Q & Q ?K?ESN=IA ST71Z7P `EMWZ7
s SN7_ZrP FKMNZu7S Q FKM:BGKC'CE= Q FKC@757U[K8 Q AJ[KMWC@7D? Q Af=>SZu=>CKM Q 8;=IAK7P $
&
L@ .
@ #
@ #
'
F/F
Perfil gausiano
(Doppler)
Perfil lorentziano
(Natural y colisional)
Prefil de Voigt
@
%@
'
E
2
!
|
=I8i:<7U8zYK=>AJAB79ZuMW=IF|:<7U8+Z Q 8;:JAB7UFEC Q CE=Zu7UFK=>AB7XF@79:JGKAB7US79SNGKF Q 8+CK=S Q 8AJ=>8JGKS:<7UC Q 8Z~7UP 8+L Q F Q L>MNC Q 8
L Q FK=ILa:<7UC Q 8L Q FSN7U8=>8;:BA;=ISWST7U8 s \^GK=8J=8;MNGK=>FCE=IS=I8i:BGKCEM Q CK=8JGo=I8J?O=ILa:BA Q k
R
rI r
*
-'%
?
V ?
H
log W
N af
ln Naf
Na
log (Naf)
MNGKAJ7!bk#" +$ %7DLIGKAihU7yCK=LIA;=IL>MNZ5MN=IF|: Q k
g @Oj
// ?? V g V
? ?9j
H
Q F5[@7U8;=1=>Fy=ISNSN7V? Q CK=>Z Q 8? Q AAJ7U{ Q FE=I8+\^GK==a`E7UZ5MNF@7UA;=IZ Q 87XL Q F^:JMNF^G@7UL>M"Q P FyL Q FK8;:JAJGKMWA=ISK8;MNG
MN=>F|:B=?c=>A;@S?EA Q ?KGE=I8;: Q vKh97USNMWC Q :<79F^: Q ?@7UAB7DSN7U8fSrP FK=p7U8fCE=ISN7UC@7U8fL Q Z Q ?@79AB7DST7U8fSrP FK=I7U8A;GK=I8J7U8Iv
g@cj @cZ j "
?
g
FQ P :J=I8;=_\^GK=DLIG@79FKC Q / ? / ? Xv g @cj " s ?
g @Ojak4+8i:B=DL Q AJA;=I8J? Q FKCE=D7US Lp7U8 Q CK=
SrP FK=p798fCK=ISW|7UC@7U8>k7 Q A Q :JA Q ST7UC Q LIG@7UFEC Q / ? / ? <v?
2 "v@\^GK=L Q MNFELIMNCE=XL Q FoST7D8JM:BG@79LIM"Q P F
CK=yGKF@7-SrP FK=p7'8J79:BGEAB7UC@7 s A;GK=I8J7Ek5S?c=>A;@S+?KA Q ?KGK=>8;: Q 8B7}:BMN8i7ULI=ySN7U8XL Q FECKMNL>M Q FK=>87U8JMWF|:Q P :JMNLp798
=a`bMWMNC@798 s ?KGK=>CK=L Q FK8;MNCK=>AB7UA;8J=GKF@7y[KGK=>F@7u79?KA Q `bMNZu7ULIMpQ P F-7USq?O=IAi@SAJ=I7USk
&X7UC@7oST7oCK=I?O=IFKCE=IFKL>MT7tL Q F Q L>MNC@7oCK=
@OjL Q F=ISz?@7UAK7UP Zu=a:BA Q
YE=IZ Q 8=>FKL Q F|:JAB7UC Q KF@7US
g
Z5=IF|:B=ST7Zu7UFK=>AB7 L Q Z Q CK=>?c=>FKCK=R=IF =IFE=IAB79SX=ISX?O=IA;KSXCK=ST7SrP FK=p7 s ? Q A':B7UF|: Q =IS79FKL<Y Q
=I\^GKMh97USN=>F^:J=L Q Fo=IS?@79A@7UP Z5=>:JA Q Z5=IFKL>M Q F@79C Q v
? g
j
g @Ogj@OZ j "
8;:B7 GKP S:BMNZu7GKFELIM"Q P F A;=ILIMW[c==>SF Q Z_[KA;=RCE= aH- } :HaB<aaD3 8@ s =l`E?EAJ=I8J7~ST7 A;=IST79LIM"Q P F
=a`bMW8;:B=>F|:B==IF|:BA;=/=IS79P AJ=p7CE=/GKF@7SrP FK=p7=I8J?O=ILa:BAJ7US s =>SVF4GKP Z5=IA Q CK=/7U[E8 Q A;[c=>F^:J=I8-? Q :B=>FKLIMN7USN=>8
?KA;=I8J=>F|:B=I8=IFoST7y79:JZQ P 8i=IAJ7_=I8;:J=ISN7UAIk
S)L79P SNLIGES Q ?KA;=ILIMW8 Q CK=
?@7UAB7'GEF@7 SrP FE=p7?@79A;:prP LIGKSN7UA4F Q 8?c=>AJZ5MW:B=L Q FE8;:BA;GKMNAXSN7'A@7}P @Lp7'CK=ySN7
@GEAB7 bk#" k
FtST7yLIGEA;h97uCK=LIA;=ILIMWZuMW=IF|: 8J=AJ=>L F LI=>FtLISN7UAB79Zu=>F^:J= 5AJ=>M FE=Im8 $=IFGKF@7?KA;MNZ5=IAJ7Ev@=IS7UP AJ=I7
CK=DSN7LIGKAih97 g AJ=>LIGK=>AJCK=>8J=5\HGEQ =5=>8;:@7-P L>Q G@7UQ F|:BM@Lp79C Q ? Q A
? # j4=>8XQ CKMNA;=IL>:B7UZ5=IF|:B=_?EA Q ? Q AJL>M Q FK7US)7US
R
'
rI r
F4GKP Z5=IA Q CE=n7}P : Q Z Q 8 =>8;:B7uAJ=>M"Q P FoL Q AJA;=I8;? Q FECK=7yST7_8;MW:JG@7ULIMpQ P F-CK=F Q 8J79:BGEAB7UL>M"Q P Fqk G@79FKC Q
ST7SrP FE=p78;= 8B79:JGKAB7t=>S 7UP A;=p7t8;MNGK=LIAJ=>LIMW=IFKC Q L Q FE Q A;Zu=uLIAJ=>LI= ?O=IA Q ? Q ALIST79AB7U8_AJ7U{ Q FK=I8DS Q
Y@7UL>=o7RGKFK7RZ5=IF Q ADAB79:B7 g
? #
j;jak G@7UFKC =>S7UFKL<Y CK=-ST7/SP FK=p7t8;=YK7YE=IL<Y
8JGb@LIMW=IF|:B=>Zu=>F^:J=yAB7UFECK==>Zu?KMW=I{I7UF78J=>gAVMNZ5? Q A;:B7UF|:B=I8S Q Q 8=>=>L>: Q 8XQ CK=IS?c=>A;@Sr S Q A;=IF|:B{>MT7UF Qus SNQ7
SrP FK=p7/\^GK=]7UF|:B=I858J=oh=UrP 7L Q Z Q GEF@7LI7J7RA;=ILa:<7UFKUGKST7UAy=>Zu?KMW=I{I77/:B=>FK=IA7UST7U8DLI7UC@7h=I{Z79P 8
?KA Q GKFKC@798 s =l`H:B=IFE8B7U8 =I8;: Q LI7UGK8J75GKF]7UGKZ5=IF|: Q =>F]ST7hU=IS Q L>MNC@7UCoCK=LIA;=IL>MNZ5MN=IF|: Q CE=IS7UP A;=p7yCK=
ST7_SrP FK=I7_\^GK=8;=Z7UFEMW@=>8;:<7D=>FSN7_LIGKAihU7yL Q Z Q GKF@7yCK=>?c=>FKCK=IFELIMT7
+? # k
F=IS:BAJ7U[@7 Q ?KA@79P L>:BMWL Q vfGEF@7RhU=I{ Q [b:B=IFEMNC Q =IS1=I8J?O=ILa:BA Q CK=]SN7=I8i:BA;=ISNSN7 s Z5=ICKMWC Q =>S479FKL<Y Q
=I\^GKMh97USN=>F^:J=CE=GKFK7SrP FK=I7CE=MWF^:J=IAH=IP 8z8J=1?KA Q LI=>CK=V7[KGK8;Lp7UA>vbGE:JMNSWMN{p79FKC Q ST7LIGEA;h97CK=L>AJ=IL>MNZ5MN=>F^: Q
L Q AJAJ=>8J? Q FKCKMW=IF|:B=9v=ISqh97US Q ACK= k
! '
+
+M 8JGE? Q FE=IZ Q 8\^GK=u=a`bMN8i:B=IF 4 o=I8i:<7UC Q 8_=ISW=ILa:BA@Q P FKMNL Q 8CKMN8i:BMNF|: Q 8?K7UAB7oS Q 8LIG@79SN=I8ST7-=IFE=IAJKrP 7=>8
ST7'Z5MN8;Z7 SN7'?KA Q [@7U[KMWSNMNCK7UCtCK=D\^GK=yGKF@7-L Q SNMN8;M"Q P F]CK=;=y7 GKF79P : Q Z Q =>F=>S)=I8i:<7UC Q =>8;:<79A@7 P
=IF|: Q FKLI=>8CK7UC@7y? Q A>v
g j
4
g . g . M j 2 ! j
CK=>Sq: Q :B7US CK=79P : Q Z Q 8f=>F=>S|7U8f=>8;:<79A@7UP Fo=IFo=IS=>8;:<79C Q 7bv@GKFF4GEP Zu=>A Q yCK7UC Q ? Q AIv
g qj
4
g . g . M j 2 ! j
s=I8i:<SN7'7UC AB7U{qZ Q P F/8;=I=IAKF|7oP :JAJv =y=IS)F4GEP Zu=>A Q CK=e7}P : Q Z Q 8V=>FR=>S)=I8i:<7UC Q 7 s =IS)F4GKP Z5=IA Q CK=DS Q 8V\^GK=y=I8i:7UP F=IF=>S
Q
4
fj 2 j
g. g .
!
g Hk " j
4
%7d79F^:J=IA;M A-=a`b?KA;=I8;M"P F AJ=IL>MN[O==ISF Z_[EAJ=CK= <aKHa@ 8 :H I5 8N8@v CK=>8JLIA;MN[O=SN7 CKMN8
:BA;MN[KGELIM"Q P FVQCK=+S Q 8X79P : Q Z Q Q 8cCK=IS||798qL Q FE8JQ MNCE=IAB79C Q =IF|:BA;=zS Q 8q=> 8;:<79C Q 8%V=IFK=>AJ=aP :BMWL Q 8SWs MN|7UC Q 8CKMW8J? Q FKMW[KSN=>8Ik
tP :B=I8;=+\HGE=zCEMNL<Y@7fCKMW8;:BA;MN[KGELIM"P FVCK=I?O=IFECK=IAK71
P CK=+SN7w:B=IZ5?O=IAB7}:BGKAJ7CK=IS7U8Iv}S \^GK=+F 8 CK7GKF?EAJMNZ5=IA
MNFEQ CKMNLI79:BMh Q CK=1\HGE=SN7U8+SrP FE=p7U8Q ?KA;=I8;=IF|:B=>8=IFu=IS=I8;?c=>L>:BA Q CK=1GKF@7=I8i:BA;=ISNSN7F Q Q 8KQ P S Q Q CK=I?O=IFECK=IF'CE=SN7
L Q Zu? Q 8JMWLIMpQ P Fu\^GqrP ZuMWLp7XCK=ST7=>8;:JAJ=ISWST78JMWF Q :B7UZ_[KMa=IP F5CK=4SN7:B=>Zu?O=IAJ79:BGEAB77ST7\^GK=48;=V=IFKL>GK=IF|:JAB7UF
S Q 8f|7U8J=>8=IFo8JGt7}:BZ~Q P 8;=>AB7Ek
FSN7CK=I8;LIA;MN?OLIM"Q P F\^GK=+YK=>Z Q 8%YK=>L<Y Q =>FS Q 8q?@79AJAB7} Q 8 7UF|:B=IA;M Q A;=I8>v}L Q FK8;MNCK=>AB7UZ Q 8%GKF|7U8 Q A;Z7UC Q
? Q A79P : Q Z Q 8fFK=>GE:BA Q 8Ik G=P ?K7U8B758JM%8J=C@7UFST7U8fL Q FKCKMWLIM Q FK=I8 g 7US:<7U8:J=IZ5?c=>AB79:JGKAB7981\^GK=Y@7UL>=IF
Z_G s hHM Q SW=IF|:<7U8ST7U8L Q SWMN8JM Q FK=>8Iv)GKFe7US: Q KG} Q CK= AB79CKMT7UMWLQ P FZ_G s =IFK=>AJ=aP :BMNLI7Ev=>:JLUk j?@7UAJ7]\^GK=
7USWGKF Q 8fCE=S Q 879P : Q Z Q 8f8;=M Q FKMN{>=IF kwF=I8;:J=LI7U8 Qys C@7UCK75SN7yCEMN8;:JMNF|:<7D=>8;:BA;GKL>:JGKAB75=IFK=>AJ=aP :BMWLp7
CK=S Q 8M Q FK=I8 Q AJZu7UC Q 8Iv@Lp79C@7uGKF Q CK==ISNS Q 8CK=I[O=IAK7uP 8;=IA:JAB79:B7UC Q L Q Z Q GEF@7u=>8J?O=ILIMW=CKMW8;:JMNF|:<7Ev s
ST7yCKMW8;:BA;MN[KGELIM"Q P FCK=S Q 8]79P : Q Z Q 81=>FtS Q 8CKM=IA;=IF|:B=>84=I8i:<7UC Q 8VCKMW8J? Q FKMN[ESN=I8CK=>[c=>A@7uP :J=IFK=>AV7UY Q AB75=IF
LIGE=IF|:<75ST7_? Q 8JMW[KMNSWMNC@7UCuCK=\^GK==>S79P : Q Z Q ?@798J=7 Q :BA Q =>8;:<79C Q CE=M Q FKMW{p7UL>M"Q P F Ik
FK8;MNC=>P AJ=>8J=GEF79P : Z =>Ft=IS%=I8i:<7UC CK=M FEMN{p79LIM"P F M =>8JMWZ
M
" 79P : Z FK=IGb:BA jav ?c=>AJCKMWC@7
CKm= Q "=ISN=>L>:JA@Q P Fjlv g ?cQ =>AJCKQ MWC@7XCKK= X=ISW=ILaQ :BA Q FK=IQ8BjakkWk jak+%Q 7X?KA Q [@7U[KQMWSNMNg CK7UCDg CK=Q \^GK=Q =>8J=t79P : QQ Z Q ?@g 7U8;=UvH? Q A
L Q SNMN8;M Q FE=I8IvE7US=I8i:<7UC Q CK=M Q FKMN{I7ULIMpQ P F'MWFKZu=>CKMT7}:<7UZ5=IF|:B=48JGK?O=IA;M Q AfM Z "UvE=I8i:<7UAK75P CK7UC@7D? Q AIv
g
Z "j
g Z "j
g .
2 ! j
M
C Q FECK=
=>8SN7y=>FK=IA;@rP 7DFK=>LI=>8B7UA;MT7y?@7UAB7y7UA;AB7UFELp7UAGKFo=ISW=IL>:JA@Q P F7USqM Q F-M =I8JMWZ Qs L Q F|h=>A;:JMNAJS Q =IF
=ISM Q F9M Z["k8;:<7u=IFK=>AJ@rP 7AJ=>LIMN[O==>SF Q Z_[KAJ=CK= 3 8aU :H 8@ "Ha@ 8@kS7ULa: Q A
M \^GK=
7U?@79AJ=IL>=V=IF-SN7=a`b?KA;=I8;M"P Fo7UF|:B=>AJM AwMWFKCKMNLI7=IScFVGKP Z5=IA CK=VL FE@GEAB7UL>M FK=>8f=ISW=IL>:JA@P FEMNLp798w? 8JMW[KSN=>8
=IFST7U8\^GK=?EGK=ICK=u=IFKL Q Q F|:BAJ7UAJ8;=Q =ISzM Q F Z "uCE=I8J?EGwQ =IP 8DCK=5Q ST7 :BAJ7UFK8;MNLIQ MpQ P Fqk+8i:<7]Q =>8SN7-L Q FQ Q LIMWC@7
GKFKL>M"Q P F-CK=?@79A;:BMWLIMpQ P F CK=ST7_irP 8;MNLI7_=I8;:B7UCrP 8;:BMWLp7 s =>8;:7yP C@7UCK7y?K7UAB7D=ISLI7U8 Q L Q FK8JMWCK=IAJ7UC Q ? Q A>v
'
R
rI r
&
g
. g . Mj 2 ! j
M
C Q FECK= 4 AJ=I?EAJ=I8;=IF|:<7 =>SAJ7UC Q CK=CK=>=IFE=IAB79LIM"Q P F/CK=IS =I8i:<7UC Q =ISN=>L>:JA@Q P FKMWL Q Lp7UAJ7UL>:J=IAJMW{p7UC Q ? Q A4SN7
=IFE=IAJKrP 7 vKL Q F D
"?@7UAB7D=>S=I8;:B7UC Q [@7U8;=CE=ISM Q Fqk
FL7UP SWLIGKS Q CK=a:<7USWST7UC Q Z_GK=>8;:BAJ7@F@79SNZ5=IF|:B=\HGE=ST71AB7U{qQ P F_=IF|:JAJ==>SEF4GKP Z5=IA Q CK=M Q FK=>8=IF=ISE=>8;:B7UC Q
M9Z " s 7U\^GK=ISWS Q 8f\^GK=8;==>FKLIGE=IF|:BAJ7UFt=IFo=IS=>8;:B7UC Q MvK=>8;:<79A@7DP C@7UC@7y? Q AIv
M
M 2 ! E 2 ! H
g.
2 ! j
g Hku j
% H
8;:B7GKP S:BMNZu7wA;=ILIMW[c=+=>SHF Q Z_[KA;=zCE=<aEHa@ 8 :H c E s L>G@7UF|:BM@Lp7ST7fCKMW8;:BA;MN[KGELIM"Q P FXCK=S Q 879P : Q Z Q 8
CK=>S|7U8=IFoS Q 8fCEMN8;:JMNF|: Q 8f=I8;:B7UC Q 8CK=M Q FKMN{I7ULIMpQ P F'CKMW8J? Q FKMW[KSN=>8Ik
FSN7=IL>G@7ULIMpQ P FCK= ' 7UY@7 A;=I?KA;=I8;=IF|:<71ST7f?KAJ=>8JMpQ P F=ISN=>L>:JA@Q P FKMWLp7f\^GK=z8J=+AJ=>ST7UL>M Q F@7L Q FST7CK=>FK8JMWC@7UC
F^GKZx=IP AJMWLp7yCK==ISN=>L>:JA Q FK=>8? Q AST7D=l`E?EAJ=I8;M"Q P Fv
2 ! kw%7y?KAJ=>8J=IFELIMT75CK==I8;:B7uLI7UF|:BMNCK7UC=>F]SN7
=IL>G@7UL>M"Q P F Hku 8;=CE=I[O=79SYK=IL<Y Q CK=+\^GK=zS Q 8=ISN=>L>:JA Q FK=>8SWMN[KA;=I8q=>F=>S|Zu=>CKM Q ?EGK=ICK=>FA;=IL Q Z_[KMWF@7UAJ8;=
L Q FS Q 8fM Q FE=I8f?KA;=I8J=>F|:B=I8 s CKMW8JZ5MNF^GKMNA7U8prP SN7DL Q FKL>=IF|:BAJ7ULIMpQ P FoCK=S Q 8fZ5MN8;Z Q 8>k
%7U8+=IL>G@7ULIM Q FK=>8CK= Q S:B{>Z7UFEF s ' 7UY@78 Q FuST7U8?EAJMNFELIMN?K7USN=>8YK=IA;AB7UZ5MN=>F^:B7U8:B=qQ P AJMWLp7U8+CKMW8J? Q FKMN[ESN=I8
?@7UAJ7 CK=>:J=IAJZ5MNFK7UAIv1GE:BMWSNMW{p7UFKC QQ [K8;=IA;h97UL>M Q FE=I8-=I8;?c=>L>:BAJ7USN=>8IvVSN7 L Q Z5? Q 8JMNL>M"Q P F~\HGqrP Z5MNLp7CE=/GKF@7
=I8i:BA;=ISNSN7EkF]=>S8JMWGKMN=>F|:B=X=;=>Zu?ES Q 8J=MNSWGE:BAJ7ST7DZu7UFK=>AB7_L Q Z Q 8 Q FGE:JMNSWMN{p79C@7U8Ik
pa4O
%7U8SrP FE=p7U8CK= 7USWZu=>A8 Q F ?KA Q CKGELIMNCK7U8L>G@7UFKC Q =>S 79P : Q Z Q CK= 61MNCKA Q =>F Q A;=p7USWMN{p7
:JAB7UFK8;MNL>M Q FK=>8fCK=I8;CK= Q YK7ULIMN7_=IS8J=>GKFKC Q =>8;:<79C Q =>Sa=>P L>:BA Q FKMWL Q k
=p7USWMN{I7UAwGKFK75AK79P @LI7
=>FSN7'\HGE=58;=uZGK=I8i:BAJ=ySN7'CK=I?O=IFKCE=IFKL>MT7-L Q FRST7:J=IZ5?c=>AB79:JGKAB7 CK=yST7'MWF|:B=IFE8JMNCK7UC g =IS
7UP A;=p7|jCE=fST7U8)SrP FK=I7U8)CK==>8;:<7X8;=IAJMW=f=I8;?c=>L>:BAJ7USv|=>Fu=>SKAB79FK Q & ! & & &
k
@a@ 8
67U[rP 79Z Q 8CEMNL<Y Q =IFuST78J=IL>LIMpQ P F'7UF|:J=IAJM Q A+\^GK=SN7MWF|:B=IFE8JMNCK7UCuCE=GKFK7SrP FK=p7XCK=>?c=>FKCrP 7
=>F]=>FK=IAJ7USCK=ST7DLp7UF|:JMNC@7UCo?KA;=I8J=>F|:B=x79P : Q Z Q 8f\^GK=?EGK=ICK=>Ft?KA Q CKGELIMNA;ST7EkzF]=>SLp7U8 Q
CK=V: Q CK7U8ST798wSrP FK=p798wCK=XSN78J=>AJMN=XCE= 7USWZu=>AIvH8@Q P S Q S Q 8'79P : Q Z Q 8CK=6MWCKA Q U=IF Q \^GK=X8;=
=>FKLIGK=>F|:BAJ=>FD=IF=IS|8J=>GKFKC Q =I8i:<7UC Q =IFK=>AJ=aP :BMWL Q ?KGK=ICE=IF_?KA Q CEGKLIMWA SN77U[K8 Q AJLIMpQ P FL Q A;AJ=
8;? Q FECKMN=>F^:J=Uk ' =>A@7P F^GK=>8;:JA Q MNF|:J=IAH=>P 8MNFEMNLIMN7US@? Q Az:B7UF|: Q CE=>:B=>AJZ5MNF@79AIvHL Q F'SN77 s GKC@7_CE=
SN7U8=>LIG@7UL>M Q FE=I8CK= Q SW:B{>Z79FKF s ' 7UY@7Ev|SN74Zu7UFK=IAJ74L Q Z Q h97UAIrP 74L Q FDST71:B=IZ5?O=IAB7}:BGKAJ7
SN7_L Q FKL>=IF|:BAJ7ULIMpQ P FoCK=79P : Q Z Q 8fCK=61MNCKAKQ P =IF Q =>F=>8;:J==>8;:<79C Q =>FK=IA;=>P :JMNL Q k
%7V=IFE=IAJKrP 74FK=>LI=>8B7UA;MT7X?@7UAJ7V\HGE=fGKFd79P : Q Z Q CE=fYKMNCKA Q =>F Q MNFEMNLIMN7USNZ5=IF|:J==>F5=>SE=>8;:<79C Q
[@798J=_Y@79|7uGKFK7:BAB79FK8JMWLIM"Q P Ft7US%:B=>AJLI=>A4FKMh=>SvA;=I8;GKSW:B7Evc? Q AS Q \^GK=L Q F Q LI=>Z Q 84CK=_8;G
=>8;:BA;GKL>:JGKAB7bvMNG@79S7 . M
"
g M M . M j 2 "z
5km GKFK7:B=IZ5?O=IAB7}:BGKAJ7
Z_G s 79SW:<7bvHCEMN|7UZ Q 8 !
& & &
ST7=>FK=IA;@rP 7Zu=>CKMT7MNF|h Q SNGKL>AB7UC@7=IF ST798L Q SNMW8JM Q FK=I8
79:@P Z5MNLp798u=>8 2
"
5k8;:B=/AJ7U{ F@7UZ5MN=IF|: F 8'ZGK=I8i:BAB7\^GK==>F =IFK=>AB7US
? Q Q CE=IZ Q 8L Q FK8JMW! CK=IAJ7UA\^GK=u: Q C Q 8S Q 8 7}P : QQ Z Q 8CK='QYKMWCKA@Q Q P U=IF Q =>F=I8i:<7UC Q FK=IGE:JA Q 8;=
4
"
"vZ
"
-
"OZ
g . g H . M j 2 ! j
%Z
g . "
MWF@7USWZu=>F^:J=V? Q AfST7_=>LIG@7UL>M"Q P FoCK= ' 7UYK7 Q [E:B=>FK=IZ Q 8Iv
2 4
UZ
;
GNM
G ) H
"OZ
g.
"
x" %
2
!
"
| | ! j !
j
g "xZ
) H
| | ! j j
g.
g . "
"x &
!
R
rI r
"
<
~ 3
U? ?
CE=IZ Q 8;:JAB7UA\^GK=
>? g j
U? L Q 8
[k1[k77UAi:BMN=>FKC Q CK=1ST7V Q AJZu7X=IFKL Q F|:BAJ7UC@7?K7UAB7 >? g j s CE=SN7CE=>@FKMWLIMpQ P FuU=IFK=>AB7USCK=>S
KG} Q AJ7UCKMN79:BMh Q ? g ?9jlv
? g ?}j
>? g ? UjEL Q 8 VR\
CE=IZ Q 8;:JAB7UA\^GK=
? g j
U? Z
L9k1Z Q 8i:BAB79Af\HGE=8 Q S Q ?@79AB7
"8J=LIGKZ5?KSN=XSN7_AJ=>ST7UL>M"Q P F CK=CKCKMWFKU: Q F w7UAJ[KMW=IA
? g j
? g
j
>?
&%(' H
@ )
"
#
"vZ
H
M
"
798JGKZu75?K7UAB7DST7GEFKLIMpQ P F-CK=?@7UA;:JMNL>M"Q P F
"
"vZ
-
k
"
<
|
:BMWSNMN{>= ST7/=IL>G@7UL>M"Q P FeCK= ' 7UY@7?@7UAJ7RLI7USNL>GKST7UA
v=ISFVGKP Z5=IA Q A;=IST7}:BMWh Q KC =
7}P : Q Z Q 8fCK= 7y=IFo=ISq8;=IGKFEC Q =>8;:<79C Q CE=M Q FKMW{p7UL>M"Q P F g GKF@7_h=>{M Q FKMW{p7UC Q 8<jA;=I8J?O=ILa: Q
79S1F4GEP Zu=>A Q CK=79P : Q Z Q 8yCK=LI7USNL>M Q =IFd=IS1?KAJMWZu=>A5=>8;:B7UC Q CE=]M Q FKMN{I7ULIMpQ P F g FK=>GE:BA Q 8<jlv
798JGKZ5MN=>FKC
" <
h97US AJ=>85\^GK=oGK=IA F~L FK8;GKSW:B7UC 85=IFdGKF@7
:B7U[KSN7Ev s
Q g ?EAJMNZ5=IAJ7_=IFK=>AJs KrP 7DCK=M Q FKMW{p7UL>M"Q P FQ CK=ISLI7USNL>M Q j
Q "%" Q
yk Q
:BMWSNMN{I7UFKC Q ST7o=IL>G@7ULIMpQ P F CK=
SW:J{IZu7UFLI7USNL>GKST79A H M "v)=>SwF4GKP Z5=IA Q AJ=>ST79:JMWh Q
Q
CE=M Q FK=I8 >R>n=IFe=ISf?EAJMNZ5=IAD=>8;:B7UC Q =a`bLIM:<7UC Q A;=I8J?O=ILa: Q 7USF4GKP Z5=IA Q CK=M Q FK=>8D=IF
=>S=>8;:<79C Q [@7U8;=Ukm48JGEZ7EvO\^GK=_=>S=>8;:<79C Q [@7U8;==>8;:7'P LI7UAB79L>:B=>AJMW{p7UC Q ? Q AGKFK7=IFK=>AJKrP 7
M s GEF AJ7UC Q CK=CK=I=>FK=IAJ7ULIMpQ P F 4 M
bv s =ISX?KA;MNZ5=IA-=I8i:<7UC Q =a`bL>MW:<79C Q :JMN=IFE=
H
M Z "x
s 4 H
Kk
79SNLIGEST7UA M # "k
Q Zu?@79AB7UA>v? Q ALp7UC@7 & & & 7}P : Q Z Q 8_CK=YKMNCKAKQ P =>F Q v=ISwFVGKP Zu=>A Q CE= 79P : Q Z Q 8CK=
79SNLIM Q GKF@7hU=I{M Q FEMN{p79C Q =IF =>SV=I8i:<7UC Q [@798J= s =>SVCK=79P : Q Z Q 8CK=/YEMNCKAKQ P =IF Q =IF
=>S?KAJMWZu=>A5=>8;:B7UC Q =l`bLIMW:B7UC Q k &VMNL<Y@7AJ=>ST7UL>M"Q P Fvz8;=]8;GK? Q FK=?EA Q h=>=]GKF@7RMNCK=I7RCE=SN7
MWF|:B=IFE8JMNCK7UCAJ=ISN79:BMh97uCK=DSN7U8VSNMWFK=p7984?KA Q CKGELIMNCK7U8X? Q AVCKMNL<Y Q 879P : Q Z Q 8 g 6v s SNMWFK=p7U8
CE= 79SNZ5=IAA;=I8J?O=ILa:BMhU79Zu=>F^:J="jlk
~ 3
!#"%$'&)(*,+,-.-./120( "
354762498;:<6247=%>@?A>@B1CEDGFIJLH KNM BO4 DG? K >QPR:O47P K 4;STD9BUD9PRDGSV:<DGC@:E47H ?W>@BO>@C K PR4G6XDGYG?5> H K :<CEDZ M >[P\>@CQ:<]V:O6^47=
SV>2BUDG=_>Q= K P\>@BOBUDG=1` abSV>2BUDC M DGB)47] K >@?c>@6247=d>QBfe7ehgiSV>2BUDj:O?ckl47PR6^DGCQ: 47H ?,SV>2Z M >XSc:<=RFm47?V>Q6^4G=
=R4G]VPR>n>@B<B<DG=o` FVPR4 8;:<>Q?V>pSV>nB<4[Z M >pCQ47?V4;C@>@6247=2C@47624[= M D K 6W4GH =\kl>@PRDcqsrt:OCvuTDPRDGSV:UDwC@: 4GH ??c47=
Fm>@PR62: K >xC@47?c= K P M :<P_SV:OPR>QC K Dw6^>Q? K >^624;SV>@BO47=yC@4762FVBO> K 4G=ySV>^>Q= K DnPR>QY7: 4GH ?SV>2BUDj>Q= K P\>@BOBUDcz#Fm>@PR4cz|{
Z M >}H =NDG]m>@6247=~DGCQ>@PRC@D2Sc>}BO4Z M >}FVDG=ND>@?= M :<? K >QPR:O47P~7q
Fm>@=NDwPSV>BUDG=|B<:<62: K DGC@:O47?V>Q=@z>@BT:O? K >@BO>@C K 4yu M 6XDw?V4yuTDyD K PRD 8G>@=RDGSV4}BUD1]TDwPRPR>QPNDy:<62Fm>@?V> K PNDw]VB<>SV>
BUDy= M F>QP\TCQ:<>.>@= K >@B<DGPaB<>uTD_>@CvuVDGSV4 M ?^8;:<= K DGQ4oD_B<4yZ M >4C M PRP\>.>Q?X>QBT:<? K >QPR:<4GPSV>~BUDG=)>@= K P\>@B<B<DG=@q
?n>QBCEDGFIJOH KNM B<4Z M >}DGuV4GPNDxC@4762>@?cEDG6247=@zcPR>EDwB<:<@DGPR>Q6^4G= M ?j8;:UD\>y:O? K >@BO>@C KRM DGBDwB:<? K >QPR:<4GP5SV>_BUDw=
>@= K P\>@B<B<DG=@z McK :OB<:<@DG?VSV4oC@47624uV>@P\PNDG62:<>Q? K Dk M ?VSTDG62>@? K DGBIBUDw=B<>QaG>@=~SV>}BUDokJH =R:<C@DoajBUD:O?ckl47P\6XDGCQ: 47H ?
Z M >SV>@=\SV>>@B> K >@P\:<47Pj;M H ?V:OCEDpP\>@Y7:E47H ?98;:<=R:O]VB<>^SV>jBUDn6^:O=R6^Dh}=\>jF M >@Sc>Sc>@S M CQ:<Px=\47]VPR>jBO4Z M >
DGCQ47? K >@CQ>d>Q?n>QB:<? K >QPR:O47P@q
t] K >Q?VSVP\>@6247=SV>t>Q= K D6XDG?c>@PND M ?TDd8;:<=\: 47H ?XY7B<47]VDGBSV>tBUD}C@47?cC@>@FmC@:E47H ?jSV>tB<DoDG= K P\4GkJH =\:<CED}C@47? K >@6x
Fm47PNDG?c>ED^=\47]VP\>oBUDxT=\:<47BO47YTJH DxSV>}BUDw=>Q= K P\>@BOBUDG=Qz8;:O=R: 4GH ?pZ M >oFVDGPR>QC@>>Q= K DwP>Q?>@? K >QPR4jDwC M >QPRSV4%CQ47?
BUDw=47]V=\>@P\8wDGCQ:<47?c>@=PR>@DGB<:OEDGSVDG=5SV>y= M D K 647H =\kl>QPND=\47]VPR>yB<DoZ M >_=R>y6^DG?V:LT>@= K DG?jBO47=>Qkl>QC K 47=SV>yB<4G=
>Q8G>@? K 4G=1:<? K >@PR:O47PR>Q=@q
&)/E t&)oi(2,|y&'}-./@(2"y '+,,+t$'(2
BOY M ?TDw=4G]V=R>QP\8wDGC@:O47?V>Q=FVP\:<6^DGPR:<DG=IFm>@P\6^: K >@?_47] K >@?c>@PBUDG=#FVP\:<62>@PNDw=FV:<= K DG=FTDGPRD.B<D~CQ4762FVPR>Q?V=R:E47H ?
SV>_B<4xZ M >}4;C M P\PR>_>@?>@B:O? K >@P\:<47PSc>}B<DG=>@= K P\>@B<B<DG=@q
cDG]m>@6247=Z M > K 4;STD>Q= K P\>@BOBUD1>Q= K D1H kl4GPR6^DGSTDFm47PBUDP\> M ?c: 47H ?Sc> M ?TDt:O?VY7>@? K >5CEDw? K :<STDwSSV>6^D K >QPR:<D
>@?,>Q= K DGSV4YhDG=\>@47=\4V=R47]cPR>>Q= K >xuc>@CvuV4?V47=yuVDG]VBUDw?BUDG= K >Q6^Fm>@PRD KNM PRDG=1anFVPR>Q=R:O47?V>@=yP\>@Y7:O= K PNDGSTDw=
>@?BUDG=2D K 6W4GH =\kl>@PRDG=>@= K >@B<DGPR>Q=@zCQ47?VSV:OC@:O47?V>@=>Q?BUDw=2Z M >?V:O?VYM H ?6XD K >@P\:UDGBF4;SVP@JH DbDGSV47F K DGP M ?
>@= K DGSc4^SV:O= K :<? K 4Vq = K D6XD K >@P\:UDokl47P\6XD M ?=R:O= K >@6^D2D McK 47YGPNDE8;: K Dw? K >yZ M >}DGSV47F K D2Fm47P>QC@47?V4G6pJH D
BUD}kl47PR6^Do>@=k >@H P\:<CEDzcSV:O= K 4GPR=R:O47?TDGSVDo=T47H BO4C M DG?VSV44 K PNDG=5k M >@PR@DG=}lk M >@PR@DC@>Q? K PEJH k M YhDSV>Q]V:<STDxD M ?TD
PTDwH FV:<STD,P\4 K DGCQ: 47H ?4[BUD,C@>QPRC@DG?JH D[SV> M ?4G];\> K 4CQ47? M ?CEDG62Fm4[YGPNDE8;: K DwC@:<4G?TDGB:O? K >@?V=\4xDG=@JH BO4
eh
e
!"
SV> K >@P\6^:O?TDG?Iq
# 4GP K 4;STD~BUD.>@= K PR>QB<BUD~=R>FVPR4GFTDGYhD.>@?V>QPRYTJ H D>@?}kl47PR6^D~SV>5PRDGSV:UDwC@: 4GH ?dZ M >B<47Y7PRD.=\>@P>@62: K :OSTDSV>@=\SV>B<D
= M F>QP\TCQ:<>FTDwPND^BOB<>QYhDGP~uTDG= K D^? M >Q= K PR47=y:O?V= K P M 62>@? K 4G=@q = KNM Sc:UDG?VSc4%SV:<CvuVD^PNDwSV:UDGCQ: 47H ?Fm4SV>Q6^4G=
47]V=\>@P8GDwPtSV47=tuc>@CvuV47=tk M ?VSTDG62>@? K DwB<>@=%$~BUD^6^DEa747P@JH D2BUDG=>@= K PR>QB<BUDw=1?V4%C@DG6]V:<DXDGFcPR>@CQ:UDG]cB<>@62>@? K >
SV>dB M 62:<?V4G=R:<SVDGSIzTFm47P1BO4^62>@?V4G=1>@?pF>QPEJH 4;SV47=SV> K :<>Q6^Fm4^CQ4762FTDGPNDw]VB<>Q=1DXB<D2uc:<= K 47PR:<D2Sc>BUDu M
6^DG?V:<SVDGS lFTDGPND2BUD26XDEa74GPEJH D2SV>B<DG=1>Q= K P\>@BOBUDG=~8;:<=R:O]VB<>Q=1>Q?>@BC@:<>QB<4>o:O?VC@B M =R4X>@?>QB K :O>@62F42Z M >
B<BO>Q8wDpB<Dp8:OSTD>@?B<'D &:<>@P\PNDlFTDGPND,>QBCEDG=\4bSV>j? M >@= K PR4 47B5Z M >=\>PR>Q8G>@B<DbCQ47624 M ?TD,>@= K PR>QB<B<D
PR>QBUD K :O8wDG62>@? K >^?V47P\6XDG)B ( q *#DG=x>Q= K PR>@BOBUDG=oFTDGPR>QC@>Q? K DG6]V: >@H ? CQ47?V=R>QP\8wDGP K >@62F>QPND KRM PNDG=o= M Fm>@Pc
C@:<DGB<>Q=~C@47?V= K DG? K >@=t>Q?pFm>@P@JH 4Sc47=~SV> K :<>@62Fm42=\:<62:<B<DGPR>Q=_ FV: >@H ?V=\>@=\>>@?n>@B#uV>@Cvuc4%SV>oZ M >dBUDx>@= K P\>@B<B<D
? K DGPR>Q=@zVB<D}6DGH =5]cPR:<BOBUDG? K >.Sc>1BUD}C@47?c= K >QBUDGCQ: 47H ?^SV>@Bm>@=\C@47P\FV: 4GH ?IzcSV>Q]>1= M ?V4G6]VPR>1Do= M FTDGP K JH C M BUDGP
C@4GB<47PP\4 \:<Q4VzVZ M >dD5M H ?jC@4G?V=R>QP\8wD^SV4G=.62:<B ,D ?V+ 47=SV>Q=RF M >@H =.SV>_=R>@P.]TD MK :<@DGSTDhq
= DG=X=\>@?VCQ:<B<B<DG=47]V=\>@P\8wDGCQ:<47?c>@=X?c47=XFm>@P\6^: >@?B<BO>@YhDwPDSV47=^C@47?cC@B M =R:<4G?V>@=2Y7>@?c>@PNDwB<>@=2SV>8: K DGB
:<62KFm47P K DG?VC@:<Do>@?>@B>Q= KRM SV:<4SV>QB:<? K >QPR:O47P>@= K K >@B<DG-P $
H Sc:<PR>QC DG6^>Q? >PR>QBUDGCQ:<47?TDwSV4,C@47?= B
.0/ >@C M >@H P\SV>@=\>pZ M >>@BPNDwSV:<4bSV> M ?TDb>@= K P\>@B<B<D,>@= K D[
62:<?V4G=R:<SVDGSa K >@62F>QPND KRM PNDX> kl>@C K :O8wDI=R:>@= K DG=tSc47=M H B K :<K 6^DG=C@KDGPNDGC K >QPEJH = K :OCEDG=?V4%CEDw6M ]V:UDwM ?
CQ476^4yBO4tSV>Q6 M >@= K PRD_? M >Q= K PR47=)PNDw@47?TDw6^:O>@? K 47='DG? K >@P\:<47P\>@=>QBVPNDGSc:<4tSV>B<D1>@= K P\>@B<B<D K DG62Fm4CQ4
BO4xuTDGPTDjH q >@= K D=R: KRM DGCQ: 47H ?j=\>}B<DxC@47?V4;C@>_CQ476^4>QBI>@Z M :OB<:<]cPR:<4o6^>QCDGH ?V:OC@4SV>_BUDx>Q= K P\>@BOBUDcq
. Fm>@=NDwPSc>f>Q6^: K :OP C@4G?V= K DG? K >@62>@? K >:O?VY7>@? K >@=#CEDG? K :<STDGSc>@=SV>)>@?V>QPRYTJ H D~B<D>@= K PR>QB<B<D~?c4.P\>@S M C@>
= M K >@62F>QPND KRM PND9= M Fm>@P\VC@:UDwB q = K 4:O6^FVBO:<C@D[B<D9> :<= K >@?cC@:UD9Sc> M ?TD9k M >@? K >,SV>,>@?V>QPRYVJH D
:O? K >@P\:<47PjZ M >[>@= K DH P\>@Fm47?V:O>@?VSV4C@47?c= K Dw? K >@62>@? K >BUD Fm>@PRSc:<STDcq = K DC@47P\PR>Q=RFm47?VSV>DB<D
SV>Q?V4762:<?TDwSTD=R: KNM DGCQ: 47H ?SV>_>QZ M :<B<:O]VPR:O4 K >QH PR62:<CQ4Vq
*#DC@47?c=R:<Sc>@PNDwC@: 4GH ?}Sc> DwB<BUDwSTD5SV>QB7>@= DGSV4~SV>>QZ :<BO:<]VP\:<45Sc>fB<DG=I>Q= P\>@BOBUDG=I?c47=]VPR:O?VSTDGPVD
H BUDG= FVPR:O6^>QPNDG=
uV>QPRPNDw6^:O>@? K DG=FVDGPND M K ?TDSV>Q=RC@P\:<FmC@:EK47H ?6WDGH =CQ47M 62FVB<> K DxSV>_= M :<? KK >QPR:O47P@q
v 132j+,5/ 4@/E,&)/@( 6 /E*,&(2$d0 $/@-.(
FVPR>Q=R>@6247=6XD >@6D H :OCEDG62>@? >BUD~C@47?VSc:<C@:E47H ?}6^>Q?VC@:O47?TDGSTDSV>>@Z :OB<:<]cPR:<462>@CIDGH ?V:OC@4.Z >5>@?d>@= D
=R>QC@CQ: 47H ?_B<B<DG6^DGPR>Q6^K 47=m>@?_K Y7>Q?V>@PRDGK B Z M :<BO:<]VP\:<84 7:<ScPR47= K D H K :<C@4cq # DGPND>QB<M B<45C@47?V=\:<SV>QPR>Q6^47= M ?}M >QB<>Q6^>Q? KK 4
SV>28747B M 6^>Q? SV>2? M >@= K PRD>@= K PR>QB<BUDl8G>@P}TY M PRD 9c;q :qp;47]VPR>2SV:OCvuV4p>QB<>@62>@? K 4pC@4G?V=R:OSV>@PRDG6^4G=d>QB
>Qkl>QC K 4%SV><9k M >@P\EDG=?V4%? M B<DG=Sc:<PR:OY7:<SVDG=>@?Sc:<PR>QC@CQ: 47H ?nPNDGSV:<DGB=$B<D^D K PNDGCQC@:E47H ?pY7PRDE8: K DGCQ:<47?VDGBIZ M >
> \>QPRCQ>o>@B#6^D K >QPR:<DGBI:<? K >@PR:O47Pd? >"@Q zBUDFVPR>Q=R:E47H ?p> \>@PRCQ:<STD2F4GP.>QBB A M JH SV42Z M >oCQ47?V= K : KRM a7>dBUD>@= K PR>QB<B<D
a,Z M >^DGC K M H D%=R47]cPR>BUDjCEDwPNDj> K >QPR:O47PySV>BUDj62:<=R6^D,C >D?EGFlta,DGZ M >@BOBUD%Z M >^DGC K M H D%=R47]VP\>BUDjCEDGPRD
:<? K >@PR:O47P_C >BHJIKF q *#Dx=R>@Y M ?VSTDB<> a%SVM> L> N K 47?>@=\C@P\: K DxFTDwPNDx>@BC@DG=R4C@4G?V=R:OSV>@PRDGSV4 K :<>Q?V>yBUDokl4GPR6^D
OQRTS
>B@=Z[>"HJIF
>DCEGF
OU RWVYX
X
\^]5_a`?bc_^de_MfgJhjilknmop_-gJhnq5bcrph<sebutvk<w?oxhjyehi?bJfb{zk d|_^dWgJhwCopy}_^i?~f^bu_r_vg"ypgJhjdp_^`lhnsehKf_-hjgci?_{r_vrpkir_<K
u
b
c
g
gckdp_{wr_h}dp kKwvkKw=yei?b _^ilkKwkilKhdpbJw kKwmop_op`?bcgubctvhi?kKdngJhak`?kKw{ z d`?_vw?bJwyhjih-wCbcd`?_`lbut{hjiw?oewhgub _^d`?kw^
hjyhjil_vfbc_^ilkd_^d_vw?__vd`?kdf_vwv]5_=ypop_{r_ kKwC`?ihjimop_yehjih hdK`l_^dp_vi_vwC`?_`?bcy}krp_wC_vi?_{wq5bcqkwmop_=r_vy_vder_vd
_^d`l_^ih _^d`?_r_^g]5kKgw?_il_vmop_vi?bc_^il_Bmop__vwC`?_pzo gu`?b k8sehgugJhpilbcgugJhrk8fkKdgJh bcw hbcd`?_vdewCbJrphKrr_{w?r__^d`?kKdef_{w^
OQP
e7e
Fext
dr
dA
Fg
Fint
hacia
el centro
OQP
"HJIF BD?EGF O
S R
V
SV47?cSV>
oPR>@CQ:<]m>X>QB?V4G6]VPR>^SV> !#"$!%'&(2X a[C@47624p= M ?V476]VP\>XBO4p:<?cSV:<C@Dn>@=dBUD6XDG=RD
:<? K >@PR:O47P~D^B<D2>Q=\kl>QPND^:O6XDwY7:<?TDwPR:UDdSV>dPRDGSV:O4 S q *#DG=~k M >@P\EDG=SV>@]V:OSTDG=D2B<D2FcPR>@=\: 47H ?n=R>duTDG?p>Q=RCQPR: K 4
>@?jB<D}kl47P\6XD}PR>QY M BUDwP)+*,"$%!- /.102*,"3Gq)ryDGSV4o>@Bm>@=RFm>@=\47PSV:Lkl>@PR>Q?VC@:<DGBmSV>@B>@B<>Q6^>Q? K 4SV>8747B M 6^>Q?
C@4G?V=R:OSV>@PRDGSV42F4;SV>@6247=>Q=RC@P\:<]V:O4P DCEGF V BHJIKFZ O 2q
*#D^6^DG=ND2SV>@B>@BO>@62>@? 4^SV>d8G47B 6^>Q?F >QSV>o>Q=RC@P\:<]V:OPR=\>o>@?pBUD2kl4GPR6^D OQP
S O( OQS zCQ47?BO4
V65
Z M >}BUDC@4G?VSV:<CQ: 47H ?jSc>dK >QZ M :<B<:O]VPR:O4oM uV:OSVPR4G= KM D H K :<CQ4x=R>}PR>QS M C@>dDcz
78
S
O
C9cq:
5
OQS VX
S R
?VD:O? K >@YGPNDGCQ: 47H ?sSV>,>Q= K D>QC M DGCQ: 47H ? F M >@SV>bFVP\48G>@>QPR?V47=>@B8GDwB<47P%Sc>[B<D FVP\>@=R:E47H ?AD C M DGBOZ M :<>QP
FVP\4Gk M ?VSV:OSTDGSn>@?B<D^>@= K P\>@B<B<DczB<4^Z M >oPR>QFVPR>Q=R>Q? K Dj:<?ckl47P\6XDwC@: 4GH ?jSV>o8wDGB<4GP.=\:<?n:<Y M DwBFVDGPND2C@47?V4;C@>QP
BUD_>@= K P M C KRM PND62>@CIDGH ?V:<C@D}Sc>1BUD_62:<=R6^Dcq|rt:<CvuTD_:<? K >QY7PNDwC@: 4GH ?^=\:<?V>6]TDGP\Y74d>:<Y7>>@BC@47?c4CQ:<62:<>@? K 4
SV>_BUDw=k M ?VC@:O47?V>Q=.Sc>@=RCQ47?V4;C@:OSTDG9=
~a 5 S qf{o3j47H 6^4SV> K >QPR62:<?TDGP5>@= K DG=[M H B K :O6XDw=7q
*#D2CQ47?VSV:OC@:E47H ?nSc>dCQ47?V=R>QP\8wDGCQ: 47H ?Sc>dB<D6^DG=RD^DGB#:O? K >@P\:<47PSV>dBUDx>@= K P\>@B<B<D2?c47=SVD^B<4G=.62>@Sc:<47=~FTDGPRD
SV> K >@P\6^:O?TDGPB<D6XDG=RDxC@47? K >Q?V:<SV:D
@q
:
!"
6^DGY7:<?c>@6247= ?XF ? 4=\: DGSV4dD ?VDdSV:O= Dw?VC@:<D S SV>QBmCQ>@? P\4SV>.? >@= PNDd>@= PR>QB<BUDyaZ >1=\:<>Q? >
>@B> kl>@C K 4tY7PRD 8;M : K DGCQ:<M 47?TK DwB7SV>fKNMBUD~6XDG=RD.M CQ47? K >Q?VK:<STD2
C@47P\PR>@=\F4GK ?VSV:<>Q? K >GMq':K PR>@DGB<:OEK DG6247= M ?dM F>QZ M >?V+ K 4
SV>Q=RFVB<DGEDG62:<>Q? K 4 OQS >@?SV:<P\>@C@CQ: 47H ?PNDwSV:UDGB SV> RDGP\>@6247=.D K PVDGH = M ?CEDG=\CEDGPV47H ?p>Q=\kE>@H P\:<CQ4^C M ahD26XDG=RD2=\>
DGY7P\>@YhDwPTDH DB<Dp> :<= >Q? >jFVPR> 8;:UDG62>@? K >wq[rt>@=RSc>jBUDp? M > 8GD,Fm47=R:OC@:E47H ? S Z OQS F>QPRC@:O]V:<P\>@6247= M ?TD
6^DG=ND
Z O 8
ScK47?VSVK >wz
O
S R S OS
V
5
# 4GP.:O? K >@YGPNDGCQ: 47H ?j=\>d47] K :<>Q?V>Gz
S S R OQS
C 9cq G
V
5
*#Dt:<? K >QY7PNDwC@: 4GH ?xDG? K >QPR:<4GP@z7=\:<?>@6]VDGPRY74cz7=T47H BO4t>@=)P\>EDGBO:<EDw]VB<>f=R:V=\>C@47?c4CQ>BUD1kl47P\6XD1>FVB J H C@: K D1SV>B<D
k M ?VCQ: 47H ? 5 S q|3547?VCQB M :O6^4G=IF M >Q=Z M >fBUDk M ?VCQ: 47H ? 5 S ; M >@Y7D M ?oFTDGFm>@B7k M ?VSTDG62>@? K DwBh=R:Z M >@P\>@6247=
C@4G?V4CQ>@P)BUD>@= K P M C KNM PRDd62>@CIDGH ?V:<C@DtSV>~BUD1>Q= K PR>@BOBUDcq'{13j47H 624_SV> K >@P\6^:O?TDGP'>Q= K Dy:O6^Fm47P K DG? K >5k M ?VC@:E47H ?
7q
B_>@= SV:O4SV>[BUD6XD >@P\:UD9>Q? = =nSV:O8G>@P\=R47=>@= DGSV4G=pSV>DGY7P\>@YhDGCQ: 47H ?A?V47=uTD>@?V=\> ?T+ DGSc4Z >
> :O= K >KRM Y7>Q?V>@PRDGB<62>@? K > M K ?TD,PR>QBUDGCQ: 47M H ? SV:OPR>QC K D,>Q? K PRK >BUDFcPR>@=\: 47H ?>Q?>QB=R>Q?V4Sc> M ?C M >@P\F4ba M B<D
SV>Q?V=R:OSTDGSjSV>QBI6^:O=R624Vq'rt:OCvuTDoP\>@BUDwC@: 4GH ?IzZ M >yF M >@Sc>yB<B<>QYhDGPD=R>QP6 M a^C@4762FVBO:<CEDwSTDdFTDwPND>@= K DGSc47=
SV>}DGY7P\>@YhDwC@: 4GH ?CQ4762FVB<> \47=@z K :<>@?c> M ?TDxkl47PR6^Dx]TDG= K DG? K >}=R:O6^FVBO>t>@?n>@BC@DG=R4^SV>_B<47=YhDw=R>@=.:<Sc>EDGBO>@=@q
?o>Q= K D.=R: KNM DGCQ: 47H ? zwDw?~DGH B<:O=R:O=F47P87>Q?V:<>Q? K >@=SV>B<DkJH =R:OCED>@= K DGSIJH = K :<C@D.Fm>@P\6^: K >@?}>@=\C@P\:<]V:OPB<DPR>@B<DGC@:E47H ?Iz
V
V
5
V
P
C 9cqc97
*47=_6^4;SV>QB<47=t6DGH =yY7>Q?V>@PRDGB<>Q= McK :OB<:<@DGSV47=1FTDGPNDj>Q= KNM SV:UDGP_>QB:<? K >QPR:<4GPt>@= K >@B<DGP_= M Fm47?V>Q?85DGH BO:<STD%B<D
>@C M DGCQ: 47H ?,SV>o>@= K DGSV4j>Q=RC@P\: K D%FTDGPND^BUDXSV>Q=RCQPR:<FmC@:E47H ?SV>oB<47=FVBUDG=\6XDw=1Z M >xC@4G?V= K : KNM a7>@?bB<DX>@= K PR>QB<B<D
62:<=R6^Dcq n4;SV>QB<47=x6DGH =C@4762FVBO> K 4G=a FVPR>QC@:O=R47=^DG= M 6^>Q?kl47P\6XDw=xSV:<= K :<? K DG=SV>BUD,>@C M DGC@:E47H ?SV>
>@= K DGSc4 =R47]VP\> K 4;SV49>Q?WB<4 Z M >PR>Q=RFm>@C K D D B<4G=X6DGH =XSV>Q?V=R4G=jFVBUDG=\6XDw=^CQ>@PRC@DG?V47=DwBCQ>@? K P\4 SV>
BUD>Q= K PR>@BOBUD9Sc>j>@= K DG==R: KNM DGCQ:<47?c>@=x>@=\F>QC7JH TCEDG=?V4b?V4G=24;C M FTDGPR>Q6^4G=>@?? M >@= K PNDb=R:O6^FcB<:OVCEDGSTD
SV>Q=RC@P\:<FmC@:E47H ?Iq
5P
: :
?VDnFTDGPVDGH 62> P\4nSc>^:O6^Fm47P DG?VCQ:UD%SV>QC@:<=\:O8wDuTDGC@>2= DGFTDGP\:<C@:E47H ?b>@?>@= DnFTDwP >2SV>2? >@= PNDnSV:<=
C M =R: 4GH ?'$'>@BmFm>@K =R4o6^47BO>@C M BUDGPK FcPR4762>@SV:O4Vz q)ryDGSV4}>@BmM >@= K DGSc4xSV>tDGB K JH =R:<6^K Dt:<4G?V:<@K DGC@:E47H ?SVM >1BOK47=FcBUDG=
6^DG=:<?h874GB M CQPNDGSV4G=>@?2BUDG='>Q= K PR>@BOBUDG=>QBTF>Q=R4_6247B<>QC M B<DGP|FVP\4762>@SV:O4ySV:OT>QPR>CQ47?V=R:OSV>@PRDG]VBO>@62>@? K >~SV>QB
Z M >oFm4;SVPEJH DSV> K >@PR62:UDw?VPR=\>dCQ47?V=R:OSV>@PRDG?VSV4^=T47H BO4>@B#F>Q=R4XD K 47H 62:<CQ4SV>dBO47=~:<47?c>@=$B<D2FcPR>@=\>@?VCQ:UD2SV>
>@BO>@C K PR4G?V>@=~B<:O]VPR>Q=@zV6 M ajB<:L8;:UDG?V4G=5C@4G6^FTDwPND K :O8wDG62>@? K >wzc:<? K PR4;S M C@>_>QBCEDG6]c:<4xSV>Q=RC@P\: K 4Vq
3547?V=\:<SV>QPR>Q6^47= M ?YhDG=kl47PR6^DGSV4F4GPxD H K 476^4G=?V> McK P\47='SV>5SV:O8G>@PR=RDG='>Q=RFm>@C@:O>@=Qq *D.6XDw=ND1FVP\4762>@SV:O4
SV>_BUDw=FTDGP K JH C M BUDG=5SV>@BYhDw=.>Q= K DGPTDH STDGSTDxFm47P
P
P I
SV47?cSV>b>@Bt= M ]JH ?cSV:<CQ> uVDGC@>bPR>QBUDGCQ: 47H ?WDB<D9?TD KRM PNDGBO>@@D?c> McK PND SV>@ByY7DG=@q BJH ?VSV:<CQ>CQ47PRP\>
=R4G]VPR> K 4;STDG=B<DG=>@=\F>QC@:O>@=D K 47H 62:<C@DG=CQ47?n6^DG= P a%Z M >}=\>_>@?VC M >@? K PRDG?>Q?n?1M H 62>@P\4 q # 47P~B<D
SV> T?V:<CQ: 47H ? V P P zV=R>}47] K :<>Q?V>xz
P P
I
V
>@=pFcPR>@CQ:<=RDG6^>Q? K >[>@B_?tM H 62>@PR4SV>[6XDw=ND C@47P\PR>Q=RFm47?VSV:O>@? K > DB<D>Q=RFm>@C@:O>9D K 47H 62:<CED
P P
PR>Q=RFm>@C K :O8wDcq # 47P M ?TDx=R>Q?VC@:OB<BUD6^DG?V:OF M B<DGC@:E47H ?jDGBOY7>@]VPRDG:<C@Do=R>}F M >QSV>}>@=RCQPR:O]V:<PQz
I V
:
I V
:
:
I V
PR>@CQ:<]m>@?A>@B_?V476o]VPR>bSV> * $% "& " GzasF4GPSc>QT?V:OC@:E47H ?
4 DGBTSV>.BUDy6^DG=ND_SV>@BYhDw=Z >.>@= DdH >Q?XB<D_kl47P\6XDySV>.BUDy>Q=RFm>@C@:O>tD 47H 62:<CED
:
I
#
:
!"
P
Z #
P H
#
H V
3547?V=\:<SV>QPNDG?cSV4jBUDG=~klPNDwC@C@:O47?V>Q=tSV>6^DG=ND2>@= K DG?VSVDGPR>Q= # an= M Fm47?V:O>@?VSc4%>@?,Y7>Q?V>@PRDGB|Z M >o>@?
FVP\476^>QSV:<42FTDGPRD^BO47=D H K 476247=.6WDGH =.Fm>@=NDwSV47=1Z M >o>@B7>@BO:<42! >@B?tM H 62>@PR42SV>d>@B<>QC K PR47?V>Q= 4^FVPR4 K 47?V>Q=
:8Z
H V
9
Z
:
Z
!
>QBPR>@= M B K DGSV4>@=Qz V
K :<B<:OEDG?cSV4Vz
I
:
Z
%$ $ #
:
>Q?VC@47? K PNDG6247=
V
H V
9
Z
0 B
a
B
: 9
*#D^P\>@BUDwC@: 4GH ?>Q? PR>dBUD # PR>@=\: 47H ?aBUDSV>@?c=R:<SVDGSpSV>}BUD6^D >QPR:UDx>Q= >QBUDGP.:<62FVBO:<CEDwSTDo>@?pBUDx>@C DGC@:E47H ?
SV>.>@= K DGSV4czB<D}>QKC M DGCQ: 47H ?^SV>.>@Z M :<BO:<]VP\:<4yuV:OSVPR4G= K D H K :<CQ4}aB<D}K >QC M DwC@: 4GKH ?XSV>.C@47?c=R>@P8wDGC@:E47H ?XSV>.BUD_M 6^DG=NDcz
Fm>@PR62: K >@?SV> K >@P\6^:O?TDGPx>QB8GDwB<47PxSV> K 4STDw=2B<DG=xCEDw? K :<STDwSV>@=2:<?h874GB M CQPNDGSTDw=x>@?>QB<B<DG=xDbC M DGBOZ M :<>QP
FVP\4Gk M ?VSV:OSTDGS>@?nBUD>Q= K P\>@BOBUDcq:O?>Q6]TDGP\Y74 M ?p4G]V= K DGH C M BO4=R>}F47?c>}Sc>}? M > 874%>Q?n>QBCEDG62:<?c4 $)B<D
K >QB6^FcFmPR47>@PR]VD BO>@KNM6^PND}Dcq Sc>1BUD_SV> >@P\6^:O?TDGCQ: 47H ?2SV>1B<D >@62F>QPND PNDdDdC DGB<Z :O>@PfFVPR4wk ?VSV:OSTDGSX>Q?%BUD}>@= PR>QB<B<D
=R>QPTDjH C@4G?V=R:OSV>@PRDGSV4j6DGH =tK DGSc>@BUDw? K >>@?bB<DX=R>QK C@C@:E47H ?bC@47KRP\M PR>Q=RFm47?VMSV:O>@? KM >DGB K PRDG?VM =RFm47P K >SV>o>@?V>QPRYTK JH D%>@?
BUD>Q= K PR>@BOBUDcq
# 4GP5DGuc47PNDy?V47=f4;C FTDwPR>@6247=)SV>.>@= SV:<DGP)]VPR> 87>Q6^>Q? >1B<DG=)C@47?VSc:<C@:O47?V>Q=fZ >.:<? PR4;S C@>~=\47]VPR>.BUDw=
8wDGPR:<DG]VBO>@=SV>_>Q= K DwSVM 4^B<Dx=R>@Y M ?VSTDC@KN47M ?cSV:<CQ: 47H ?SV>_>@Z M :OK B<:O]VPR:OW4 $>@B>QZ M :<B<:O]VPR:O4 M K >QH PR62K :<CQ4xM 4^PRDGSV:UD K :O8G4Vq
132j+,5/ 4@/E,&)/@( $y0 &) /E-~( ( &*,/@}$/Q2(
# DwPND,C@47?c=R:<Sc>@PNDwPx>@BFVP\47]VBO>@6^DSV>@B>QZ :<BO:<]VP\:<4 >@H PR62:<CQ44bPNDGSc:UD :O874DGB:<? >@PR:O47PoSc>B<D>@= PR>QB<B<D
:<6^DGY7:O?V>@6247=y>Q?VC@47? K PNDGP\?V47=x=R: KNM DwSV47=D M M ?TDpSV:OK = K DG?VC@:<D S SV>@BC@>QK ? K PR4,SV>XBUDnK >Q= K PR>@BOBUDcqp47]cK PR>%B<D
= M F>QP\TCQ:<>SV>BUDj>@=kl>@PRDSV>PRDGSV:<4 S =R47]VP\>BUDjZ M >?V47=_>@?VCQ47? K PRDG6^4G= A M a7>2PNDGSc:UDGCQ: 47H ?,>Q? K 4STDw=
SV:OPR>@CQC@:O47?V>@=F>QPR4xCQ47?V=R:OSV>@PRDGPR>Q6^4G=5=T4GH B<4DwZ M >@B<B<DdZ M >t8wDoPRDGSV:UDwB<62>@? K >~uTDGCQ:UDD k M >@PRDoSV>@=\SV>ySV:OCvuTD
= M F>QP\TCQ:<>:<6^DGY7:O?TDGP\:UDcq#;>ED bBUD1C@DG? K :<SVDGS K 4 K DGBSV>>@?c>@PRYVJH DtZ M 8> A M a7>~uTDGCQ:UDtDwk M >@PNDF47P M ?V:<SVDGS
SV> K :O>@62F4dD K PNDE87>Q=SV> K 4;STD_BUD_>@=\kl>QPNDoCQ47?V=\:<SV>QPNDGSTDq 6XDwY7:<?V>Q6^4G=)DGuV47PRDdZ M >.?V47=5Sc>@=RFcBUDG@DG6^4G=
D ?TDd= Fm>@PTC@:O>t87>@CQ:<?TD6DGH => >@P\:<47PSV>yPNDwSV:<4 S Z OS q ?j= C@DG6^:O?V4ouVDG= DxDGB<B H B<DdPRDGSV:UDwC@: 4GH ?
>@=M DG]V=R4GPRM ]V:OSTDoaXP\>@>Q6^: K :<SVD}Fm47PB<DdK 6^D K >QPR:UD}>@?j= M CEDG62:<?V4c=q *#DoM C@47?cSV:<CQ: 47H ?%Sc>tK >@Z M :OB<J :<]cPR:<4 K >QH PR62:<CQ4
>@= K DG]cB<>@CQ>dZ M >dBUDx>@?c>@PRYVJH DZ M >d=\>EDXDw]V=R47P\]V:<SVD2Fm47PBUD6^D K >QPR:UDBO>_=R>ED2C@4762FVBO> K Dw6^>Q? K >yPR>QF M >@= K D
D_BUD_PNDGSV:<DGC@:E47H ?>Q?X>Q= K Dw=CQ47?VSV:OC@:<4G?V>@=fBUDyCEDw? K :<STDwSXSV>.>@?V>QPRYVJH D K 4 K DwB Z O 9Z M >1D K PRDE87>@=RDGP@JH DdB<D
? M >Q8wD1= M Fm>@P\VC@:<>F4GP M ?c:<STDGS}SV> K :<>Q6^Fm4.=R>@P@JH D~:<S>QH ? K :<C@D1D.BUD~DG? K >QPR:<4GPSV>6^4;SV4~Z M >B<D~CQ47?VSV:OC@:E47H ?
SV>_>@Z M :OB<:O]VPR:O4 K >QH PR62:<C@4x=\>dF M >@SV>_>Q=RC@P\:<]V:OPSV>_BUDkl47P\6XDcz
{ M >,H FTDG=ND9=\:tBUD6XD K >@P\:UD9DGSc>@6DGH =%SV>,B<D >@?V>QV PRYVJH D SV>,624 8:O6^:O>@? K 4Z M >bF47=\>@>aZ M >bSV>@]m>
Fm>@PR6^DG?V>QC@>QPCQ47?V= K DG? K >FTDGPND~=ND K :<=k DGC@>QPB<D.CQ47?VSV:OC@:E47H ?_SV>5>QZ M :<B<:O]VPR:O4 K >QH PR62:<C@4cz Fm47=\>@>DwSV>@6DGH =#4 K P\4
K= :OF4>@62SV>2Fm>@>@PN?cD >@PRYVPRJH DjDczZ ScM :<Cv>XuTF D}M >@>@?VSV>Q>2PRYTB<:OH ]Dd>Q?VPN4dDGPtF >Q=R>@FmSc47>t? =RK >QDGH P5?cPR>E> DG62>Q?V>@:<? STK D_>%a^7qjDGC 3j476 H 624BUDGBUSVDjD}6X=\:<D?VK 4d>@P\Z :UDj>tSV>@>Q=]>@>2? C@P\47>@?cYh=RDG>@SVP8wDDGD P
BUD}M^PNK DGSc:UDGCQ: 47H ?KNM Z M >tB<DoD K PNDE8;:<>@=RDdJ Z M :O>@?%B<M D K PRDG?V=\F47P K K D}uTDGC@:<DoDwk M M >@PND}M FTDGPRDoC@47?c=R>@MP8wDGP5>QB>QK Z M :<B<:O]VPR:O4Vq
?>Q= K Dw=XC@4G?VSV:<CQ:<47?c>@=@zFVPR4;S M CQC@:E47H ?Sc>n>Q?V>@P\YTJH DbF4GP2B<D[6^D K >@PR:<Dcz)BUDbC@47?cSV:<CQ: 47H ?SV>>@Z M :OB<:<]cPR:<4
K >QH PR62:<CQ4x=R>}>@=RCQPR:O]>_>@?BUDokl4GPR6^Dcz
OQP
V
:
!"
S
C9cq
=kwDGH CQ:<B87>QP1Z >B<D2CQ47?V=\:<SV>QPNDGCQ: 47H ?nSV>oB<D^=R: DwC@: 4GH ?n>Q?BUD2Z >oBUD6^D >QPR:UDFVP\4S C@>oFm47P.=R:=R47B<D
>@?c>@PRYVJH Dy?V4_PR>Q=RM Fm47?VSV>~=R4GBUDG62>@? K >~D M ?VD_?c>@C@>QKN=RM :OSTDGSXSc>uTDGC@>QP)M 6WDGH =YG>@?V>QK PNDG|B 9cq =\:<?VM 4yZ M >DGSV>Q6WDwH =
>@= M ?TDpCQ47?VSV:OC@:E47H ? ?V>QC@>Q=NDGP\:UDpFTDwPNDnZ M >XBUD>@= K PR>QB<BUD=R>@DpB<4nZ M >X>@= $ M ?TDk M >@? K >%CQ47?V= K DG? K >XSV>
PNDwSV:UDGCQ: 47H ?jZ M >_?V42=R>_>Q?cklPEJH Dq
:= M F M =\: >QH PNDG6247=Z M >jB<Dp6XD K >@P\:UDpSc>jBUDp>Q= K P\>@BOBUDp?V4,FcPR4;S M C@>j>Q?DG]V=R4GB McK 4?V:<?cY M ?TD>Q?V>@P\YTJH Dcz
47]h8;:UDG62>@? K >dSV:O= K :<? K DxSV>}BUDxZ M >oF M >@SV>dFVPR4;S M CQ:<P~>@?8;:<P KRM SSV>d= M DGYG: K DwC@: 4GH ? K >@H P\6^:OCEDczV>Q=1SV>QC@:OP
=R: K 476^DG6^4G= 8V }FTDwPND_C M DGBOZ M :<>QP S >@? K 47?cC@>@= O }OQS V ta?V47=)>@?klPR>@? K DGPEJH DG6^4G=)D}B<D_=\:<Y M :<>@? K >
=R: KNM DwC@: 4GH ?$ # 47P5PRDG@47?c>@=54G]8;:<DG= *f 7 V da2Fm47PB<Dd>QC M DGCQ: 47H ?XSV>1>QZ M :<B<:O]VPR:O4 K >@H P\6^:OC@4}SV>@]m>t=\>@PRBO4
FTDGPRD}4 K PR4G= S Sc:<= K :<? K 4G=SV> z;>Q= K 4o>@=fBUDy>Q= K P\>@BOBUDy?V4}>@62: K :OPEJH DtDG]V=\47B McK DG62>@? K >~?TDGSVD}SV>~PRDGSV:UDwC@: 4GH ?
=R:O?>@?cklP\:UDGP\=R>Gq
*#DG=t>Q= K P\>@BOBUDG=QzIF M >Q=@z?V>QC@>@=\: K DG? M ?TDXk M >Q? K >xSV>x>@?c>@PRYVJ H DczSV:<= K :<? K DXSV>@B|CEDGBO47P1SV>oBUDX6^D K >QPR:<D^Z M >
BUDw=5C@4G?V= K : KNM a7>GzcFTDGPNDdF4;SV>@P6XDw? K >@?V>QPR=\>y>@?VCQ>@?VSV:OSTDG=Qq # >@P\4Vz{tZ M >tH k M >@? K >tSV>t>Q?V>@P\YTJH Do>Q=>@=RD7q
?,BUDFVPR4E:<6^D^=\>@CQC@: 4GH ?,> FVB<4GPNDGP\>@6247=>QBFcPR47]VBO>@6^D^SV>QB|47P\:<Y7>Q?pSV>dBUD2>@?V>QPRYTJH D^>@= K >QBUDGPQz M ?V4XSV>
B<4G=6WDGH =YGPNDG?VSc>@=~PR> K 47=~C@:O>@? K JH TC@4G=.Sc>}B<DuV:<= K 47P\:UDcq
9 +y"%$' * 1 "y& 0 * 4@ 1 $&- 454Q
*#D}P\>@=\F >@= DdD}B<D_FcPR>@Y ? DdC DGH BT>Q=>QBmFcPR4;C@>@=\4dZ >.FVP\4S C@>.BUDy>@?V>QPRYVH D}Z >DGBO:<62>@? D1>QBT8747PRDG
uV47P\?V4>@M = K >@B<K DGP~PR>QFVPR>Q=R>@? MK D K M ?V42M SV>_B<4G=Y7PNDG?cSV>@=~B<4GMY7PR47=5SV>_M BUDDG= K PR4Gk JH =R:OCEJDSV>_M ? M >@= K P\4X=RK :OY7B<4cq
H FVPR4;C@>Q=R4
# PR>QY M ? K >QH 6^47?c47=@zwC@47624~B<4~uV:<CQ:<>QPR47?}B<47=#Dw= K P\4GkJ H =\:<CQ47=SV>@BFVP\:<?VCQ:<FV:O4SV>f>@= K DCQ>@? KNM P\:UDcz Z M >f
F M >QSV>5BO:<]m>@PRDGPBUD~>@?V>QPRYVJH D?V>QC@>Q=NDGP\:UDFVDGPND.6XDG? K >@?V>QP>Q?VC@>Q?VSV:<SVD M ?TD.>@= K PR>QB<BUD~Fm47P#B<4.6^>Q?V47=6^:OB<>@=
SV>^6^:OB<B<4G?V>@=tSc>%D ?V+ 47=QzCQ47624p=NDw]>Q6^47=}B<4uTDuV>@CvuV4p? M >@= K PR4[4GB.q *#DG=}F4G=R:<]c:<B<:OSTDGSV>Q=y?V4p=\47?
6 M CvuVDG=@q
:<= >@?d>@?oYG>@?V>QPNDGB 9~FVPR4;C@>Q=R47=Fm47=R:O]VB<>Q=Fm47PBO47=#C DGBO>@=#=R>fF M >QSV>f> K PRDG>@P>@?V>QPRYVJH D.Sc>fB<D6XD K >@P\:UDcq
?VDGB<K :OC@>@6247=>Q?pDwB<Y5M H ?jSV> K DGBOB<>tC@DGSTD M ?V4SV>_>@BOB<47=QM q
# 4GP M ?nBUDGSV42>@?cC@47? K PRDG6247=1B<D2SV>Q?V4762:<?TDwSTD2>Q?V>@P\YTJ H D2Z M J H 62:<C@Dcq = K >o>@=>@B K :OF42SV>o>Q?V>@P\YTJ H DZ M >
McB<4GK =.:<B<Fc:OE:<D= 6^47?V:>QC@=1>QSVPR>@>}]cB<PR474j=.FTD DGPRD%47H 626X4 Dw8? :OKB<>Q>@=~?V>QaPR624 >PNDw>@==\C@6P\:<DG]VH Z :O>@?V:<?VSVDG4X=@>@q~= 35K DG4G=y?VB=RJH:O?V= >E>}Dw=>@?panBUBUDxDXB<62:O]:<>Q=\PN6XDGCQD2: 47ZH ?M >xSV>}uTDGBUDC@>o>@?V6^>Q4 PR87YV>QH D P
>@?cC@>@P\PNDGK SVD2>Q?nBO47=>@?VB<DGMC@K >Q=~Z M JH 62:<C@4G=Z K M >_=R>_>@= K M DG]VBO>@CQ>@?p>Q? K PR>_K BO47=D H K 4G6^47=542YGP M Fm47=~SV>D H K 4G6^47J =
Z M >~C@47?c= K : KNM aG>@?2BUDG=|6^47B >@H C M BUDG=SV> M ?TDy= M = K DG?VC@:<Dcq =EJH Fm47P'> \>Q6^FcB<4yBUD>@?V>QPRYTJH DtZ M >.FcPR4;S M C@>~B<D
B<B<DG6^DtSV> M ?TDd87>QBUD_>@=B<:<]m>@PRDGSTDyC M DG?VSV4=\47?XP\4 K 4G=faxkl47P\6XDwSV47=)>@?VB<DGC@>Q=5Z M JH 6^:OC@47=>Q?%PR>@DGC@CQ:<47?V>Q=
Z M > K :<>@?c>@?9B M YhDGP_>@? B<47=}YhDG=\>@=Z M >^BUDkl4GPR6^DG?Iqn{ # 4;SVPTDwH ?9FVPR4;C@>Q=R47=oC@47624p>Q= K 4G=> FVBO:<CEDwPdB<D
>@?c>@PRYVJH D%>@62: K :<STD^F47PyB<DG=t>Q= K P\>@BOBUDG=}7q{ = K DGPVDGH ?bBUDG=y>Q= K PR>@BOBUDG=1C@47?V= K : KNM :OSTDG=ySV>DGBOYM H ? K :<Fm4jSV>
= M = K Dw?VC@:<DZ M JH 62:<CEDdZ M >_DGB P\>EDGCQC@:<4G?TDGPCQ47?j4 K PRDB<:O]>QPNDdB<Do>@?c>@PRYVJH DoZ M >_=R>1C@47?h8;:<>QP K >y>Q?>@BIC@DGB<47P
a2PNDGSc:UDGCQ: 47H ?2Z M >t]TD ?T+ D_>@BFVBUDw?V> K DdSV>Q=RSV>t>QBFcPR:<?cC@:<Fc:<4}6^:O=R624}Sc>1BUD_8;:<STDohq fDwPR:<4G=5DGP\Y M 62>@? K 4G=
SV>Q=RCEDwP K Dw?pSV> K D \42>Q= K D2Fm47=R:O]V:<BO:<STDwSIq
B'FVP\:<62>@PR4%ap6WDwH =t47]h8;:<4SV>x>@BOB<47=QzI=R>xF M >@SV>>Q?VC@47? K PNDGP_Fm>@?V=RDG?VSV4>@?[>@B|>@= K DGSV4>@?[>@B|Z M >2=\>
>@?cC M >Q? K PNDG?dB<47=}D H K 476247=IZ M >)C@4G?V= K : KNM a7>@?dBUDG=>Q= K PR>@BOBUDG=$CQ47624=NDG]m>@6247=#BUDG=IDGB K DG= K >Q6^Fm>@PRD KNM PRDG=@z
Z M >= M Fm>@PRDG? K JH Fc:<CEDw6^>Q? K >B<4G= : %Y7PRDGSV47=QzuVDGC@>Q?Z M >=R>P\476^FVDG?,B<47=t8JH ?VC M BO47=y>@? K PR>F4GP
O
S R
OQS V
-0
-0
! !"
"
!
X
S}OQS
:1DG= M 62:<6247=2BUD[=R: KRM DGCQ: 47H ?SV> M s? C M >@P\F4 uV4G6^47YG>@?V>Q4 SV>Q?V=R:OSTDGSsCQ47?V= K DG? K >EX>:<? K >QY7PNDw6^47=
47] K >@?V>Q6^4G=@z
VX
:
!"
BUD^CEDG? K :OSTDGS K 4 K DGBSV>x>@?V>QPRYVJH D%>@62: K :<STD2F47P1? M >@= K PND>@= K PR>QB<B<D M ?bCDGH BOC M BO4%FVP\>@C@:O=R46 M >Q= K PND%Z M >
>@BFVPR4;C@>Q=R4 K DGPRSTDwPEJH D=R4GB<4 M ?c47=W: 6^:OB<B<4G?V>@=_SV>jD?c+ 47=@q ?9Fm>@P@JH 4;SV4pSV>^8:OSTDpCQ476^4n>@= K >jFTDGPRD
>@B4GB=R>}C@47? K PRDGSV:OC@>}C@47?nB<47=P\>@Y7:O= K P\47=~FTDGBO>@47? K 4GB 47H Y7:OC@47=5Z M >oSTD K DG?>@? $62:<BOB<47?V>Q=5SV>dD?V+ 47=~B<D
SV>Q=NDGFTDwPR:<CQ: 47H ?6^DG=R:L8GDSV>dB<47=.SV:<?c47=ND M PR:<4G=~a6 M CvuTDG=t4 K PNDw=>Q=RFm>@C@:O>@=1DG?V:<6^DGBO>@=aj87>QY7> K DGB<>Q=1Z M >
C@4G?V4CQ:<>QPR47?=R>QY M PRDG6^>Q? K >_>@B4GB K DGB a%C@47624B<487>Q6^4G=>Q?n>QBFVPR>Q=R>@? K >Gq
L4?V4G=.Z M >QSTD^4 K PNDx=RDGB<:OSTW
D $B<47=FcPR4;C@>@=\47=.? M C@B<>@DGPR>Q=@q
*47=1?1M H C@B<>Q47=D K 47H 62:<CQ47=~Y M DGP\STDG? M ?TDXSV>dBUDG=.6DGH =>Q?V47P\6^>Q=.k M >Q? K >@=ySc>o>@?c>@PRYVJ H D^Sc:<=RFm47?V:O]VB<>Q=~>@?
>@B M ?V:L87>@P\=R4Vqo35:<>QP K 47=tFVP\4CQ>@=R4G=yZ M >2:O?h8747B M C@PRDG?,DGB K >@PRDGC@:O47?V>Q=1SV>xB<DX>@= K P M C KNM PNDjSV>xB<4G=1?1M H CQB<>@4G=
F M >QSV>@?BO:<]m>@PNDwPf>Q=ND>Q?V>@P\YTJH Do>Q=RCQ47?VSV:OSTD>@?j>QB<B<4G=@q BSV>@=\C M ]VP\:<62:<>Q? K 4SV>QB K :OF4dSV>tFVP\4CQ>@=\47=Z M >
Fm>@PR62: K >@?2PR>@DGB<:OEDGP>Q=R>tDwFVPR4 87>QCvuTDG62:<>Q? K 4SV>QBmFm4 K >@?VCQ:UDGBSV:O=RFm47?V:<]cB<>>@?X>@B?tM H C@BO>@4}SV>.B<47=XD H K 4G6^47=
uTD,PR>QFVPR>Q=R>Q? K DGSV4 M ?TD,SV>BUDG=x6DGH =YGPNDG?VSc>@=PR> 8747B M C@:O47?V>@=>Q?>QBCEDG62Fm4,SV>BUDY7>Q?V>@PRDGC@:E47H ?SV>
>@?c>@PRYVJH D_C@47? K P\47BUDwSTDX aSV>@=\C@47? K PR47B<DGSTD K DG6]c: >@H ?T>Q? K 4STD_BUD_uV:O= K 4GPR:UDySV>.BUDyu M 6^DG?V:OSTDGSIzhaFTDGPRD
?V47=\4 K P\47=~PR>QFVPR>Q=R>@? K DGPTDH C@47624B<48G>@PR>Q6^4G=DxCQ47? K :<? M DwC@: 4GH ?B<D=R47B M C@:E47H ?DGBSV:OB<>Q6XDoSc>@B47P\:<Y7>Q?jSV>
BUD>Q?V>@P\YTJH Dx>Q= K >QBUDGPQq
{ort>yZ M >}H 6^4;SV4xFVP\>@CQ:<=R4F M >@SV>}> K PRDG>@P\=R>}>@?V>QPRYVJH DxSV> M ?n?1M H C@B<>Q42D K 47H 62:<CQ47q
?VDSV>B<47=#6DGH =#=R47P\FVPR>Q?VSV>@? K >@=C@4G?V=R>QC M >Q?VC@:<DG='SV>QBk Dw6^47=\4P\>@= M B K DGSV41Sc>B<D.P\>@BUD K :O8;:OSTDGS_>@=\F>QC@:UDwB
PR>Q= M 62:<Sc4y>@?xBUD.kw47H PR6 M BUD V P R >@=>QBVSV>Z M >B<4G='=R:O= K >Q6XDw='B<:OYhDGSV47=Fm47=R>Q>@? M ?TDy6^DG=ND1:O?ckl>@P\:<47P
DBUD= M 6^DSV>yBUDSV>y= M =FTDGP K >Q=@q = K >_SV> kl>@C K 4SV>y6^DG=ND=\>}FcPR4;S M C@>yFm47PB<DF>@H P\SV:<SVDSV>y>@?V>QPRYVJH D
Z >p= klPR>>@B.=R:O= >@6^D[C DG?VSV4=R>n>@= D[H kl47P\6XDw?VSV4Vq # : >@H ?V=\>@=\>F4GP2> \>@62FVB<4[>@?>@B.FVPR4;C@>Q=R4SV>
kl47M P\6XDGM CQ: 47H ?SV> M ?K D H K 4762M 4pSVW> 7:<ScPT47H Y7K >Q?V4,DGFVDGP K :<P}SV> M ? FVP\4 K 4GH ?9a M ? >QB<>QC K PV47H ? Z M >%STDB M YhDGP
D B<DFVP\4S M C@C@:E47H ?WSV>nkl4 K 47?c>@=%Z M >>Q=RC@DGFTDG?sSV>QB1=\:<= K >@6^Dc3q *#D9DwFVPR4E:<6^DGC@:E47H ?SV>@B>@B<>QC K PT47H ? DGB
FVP\4 K 47H ?,=\>FVPR4;S M CQ:<P@JH D^Fm47P M ?,=RDGB K 4j>@? K P\>2?c:O87>QB<>Q=ySV:<=\C@PR> K 47=ySc>x>@?V>QPRYTJH D%FVPR>QC@:<=RDcq B|T?VDGB'SV>QB
FVP\4CQ>@=R42>@B}D H K 47624SVM> 7:<ScPT47H Y7>Q?V4xkl47PR6^DGSV4 K >@?VScPTD H M ?TD6XDG=RDx:<Y M DwBDxBUDx= M 6^DxSV>_BUDx6^DG=NDxSV>QB
>@BO>@C K PT4GH ?2ax>QBTFVPR4 K 47H ?Iz62>@?V4G=BUDyC@47P\PR>Q=RFm47?VSV:O>@? K >DyBUDy>@?V>QPRYVJH DyB<:<]m>@PRDGSTDtFm47PBUDyPRDGSV:UDwC@: 4GH ?Iq = K D
MZ H B K H :<626^:<DoCQ4>@?c=R>@>QPRY YVJH :OD PEH K D >@?cSV:<PTBOD H:<@MDG?p?VSV>Q4Z M FV:ODG8wPNDGD,B<>QC@? 4GK >}6^6WF DGH =\DG:<CQP4 B<DK DG6X?pDwFm=N>@D,Z M SV> >j?V+ C4XZ DGM B<Z >d?V:O>@4^PFmD H 4;SV476^PEJH DG4,6^B<4GD== ?V4 6^K DwD,PRB<SV4x>jaBUDw>Q= B
M M K
M
6^M DGJ =NDG=:O?VSV:L8:OM S M J DGBO>@M=K Sc>}= M =.C@47?V= K : KNM aG>@? K >QM=@K q
3 M DG?cSV4,=R> K PND K DpSV>^CEDGBOC M B<DGPdB<Dn6^DG=NDnSV> M ?9?1M H C@B<>Q4,D K 47H 6^:OC@4BUD=R: KRM DGCQ: 47H ?>@=>Q? K >@PRDG6^>Q? K >
SV:Lkl>@PR>Q? K >Gq[*#D[>Q?V>@P\YTJH D,BO:<]m>@PNDwSTDbDGuV47PRDb>Q?>QBFVPR4;C@>Q=R4[SV>kl4GPR6^DGC@:E47H ? >@= K DG?Y7PRDG?VSV>Z M >= M
>@Z M :L8wDGB<>Q? K >p6DGH =R:OC@4F M >@Sc>,=R>@PX:<62F47P K DG? K >nP\>@=RFm>@C K 4D B<D6^DG=NDSV>B<4G=^CQ47?V= K : KRM a7>Q? K >@=SV>QB
=R:O= K >@6^DczVFVP\4 K 47?c>@=aj?V> McK P\47?V>@=QzTajSV:<CvuVD2F>QH PRSV:OSTDxSV>@]m>_F4GP K DG? K 42=R>QP K >@?c:<STDx>@?C M >@? K Dcq
*#Dd6^DG=ND_SV> M ?X?1M H CQB<>Q4oD K 47H 62:<C@4_Z M >C@47? K :O>@?V> nFVP\4 K 4G?V>@=fa LA?V> McK P\47?V>Q=_
LaZ '>@=F4GP
V
K Dw? K 4Vz
# P Z P I
R
V
X
>Q=tFVPR>QC@:O=R62>@? >B<D^>Q?V>@P\YTH D2Z >=R>BO:<]m>@PRDGPEH DS M PNDG? K > M ?uV:OF4 K > H K :<CQ4^FVP\4CQ>@=\4jSV>okl47P\6XDGCQ: 47H ?
Fm47P^B<D M ?V: 47H ? M ?TK DD M ?VDSVJ >nBUDGM =FTDGP K J H C M B<DG=J Z M >n
kl47P\6XDG?>@B.?1M H CQB<>@4baPR>QC@:O]>>@B.?V476]cPR>SV>
"$* - & " "
! "3 *q
rt47=y=\47?BO47=yFm47=R:O]VB<>Q=tFVPR4;C@>Q=R47=}C@4G?[BO47=yZ M >F M >QSV>28G>@P\=R>^DGB K >@PNDwSTD%C@47?c=R:<Sc>@PNDw]VB<>Q6^>Q? K >BUD%>@=
KFmP >@M =NC DwKRSVM 4VPNzD=R>}SV> >@=\M C@?[:<?c?tSVM>dH C@>QBO?p>@4SVD 4GK =.47H 426^6:OC@4'DGH =~$_?tB<DjH C@BOV>@=R47: =~4GH ?bB<:L8;a:UDGBU?VD%4Gk =@M q =R:E47H B?I=Rq >QY ?[?VSVBUDj4XFVFVPRPR:O4;6^C@>Q>Q=RPN4VD zM BUD?[k ?1M =\H :CQ47HB<>@? 4zTC@D 47K 6247H 624:<=C@4
M
M
M
M
h
?V476o]VPR>tBO4o:O?VSV:<C@Dd:O6^FVBO:<C@D}B<DdC@4G?ckl47PR6^DGCQ: 47H ?^SV> M ?j?1M H CQB<>Q4D K 47H 6^:OC@4d6^>QSV:UDG? K >1BUD M ?V:E47H ?%SV>tSc47=
FVP\>Q8;:UDG62>@? K >}>:<= K >@? K >Q=@q
*#DpPR>@DGB<:OEDGCQ: 47H ?[SV>QBFVP\4CQ>@=\4,SV>^k M =\: 47H ? SV>XSV4G=?tM H C@BO>@47=dD K 47H 6^:OC@47=}>@= K Dp
H =\4762> K :OSTDpD M ?TDp=\>@PR:O>
SV>2C@47?cSV:<CQ:<47?V>Q=_6pJH ?V:<6^DG=@q .?TDSV>^>QB<B<DG=tabZ M :<@DB<D6DGH =_:<62Fm47P K DG? K >xPNDwSV:<C@D>Q? >QBfuc>@CvuV4nSV>
Z M >B<47=xFVP\4 K 4G?V>@=2Z M >nBO47=C@47?c= K : KNM aG>@?=R>PR>@Fm>@BO>@?6 McKRM DG62>@? K >jaFTDGPRDk M ?VSV:OP2BO47=x?1M H CQB<>@4G=
BUDw=CQ47?VSV:OC@:<4G?V>@=.>@? M ?TDXC@4GB<:<=\: 47H ?SV>Q]>Q?>@= K DGPSTDGSTDw=1FTDGPRD^Z M >Sc:<CvuTD2PR>@F M B<=\: 47H ?n=R>ED^= M Fm>@PRDGSTD
Fm>@PR62: :<>Q?VSV4DB<4G=I?tH C@BO>@47=IDGC@>QPRCEDwPR=R>)BO4= TCQ:<>Q? >)FTDGPNDZ >)>@62FV:O>@@>)DDwC DGPBUD5k >QPR@D~? CQB<>@DGP
k M >QP K >wKzB<D2Z M > M ?TD28GM >@>Q?>@=\C@>Q?TDXFm4SVP@JH M DC@4762FVK BO> K DwP.>QBM FcPR4;C@>@=\4%SV> M ?V:E47KNH M ?Iq # PR47FmM 47?VY7DG6^M 4G?V47=@z
FVP\:<62>@PR4}SV>Q=RSV> M ?XF M ? K 4Sc>8;:<= K DoCQB DGH =\:<C@4cz;FcPR>@Y M ? K DGP\?V47=B<DG=CQ47?VSV:OC@:O47?V>@=fFTDGPRDoZ M > M ?%FTDGPSV>
?1M H CQB<>@4G=Z M >d=\>dDwC@>@P\CEDG?klPR4G? K DGB<62>@? K >yB<47Y7P\>@?= M F>QPNDGP~= M 6 McKRM DxPR>QF M B<=\: 47H ?>QB<>@C K P\47= K D H K :OCEDcq
]c:<Z M >@6247=d? M >@= K PR4,P\>Qkl>@P\>@?VCQ:UDGBf>@? >@BfC@>@? K PR4,SV>^6XDG=RDnSV>QB5=\:<= K >@6^Dcz|>Q=oSV>QC@:OPoCEDw6]V:<>Q6^4G=dB<D
=R: KNM DwC@: 4GH ?,F47PyB<D%SV> M ?TDjFTDwP K JH C M B<D%F M ? KNM DGBSV>xCEDwPRYhD # ( :OY M DGB|DjBUD%SV> M ?V4SV>BO47=t?1M H CQB<>@4%a
C M ahD%6^DG=ND>@= V P ( P R P ( Z P R zZ M >o=R>DwC@>@P\CED%D M ?CQ>@? K P\4jSV:<=\F>QPR=R4GPCQ47?CEDwPRYhD # R a
SV>6XDG=RDd:O?cT?V: K Dc=q *#D}>@?V>QPRYTJH DdFm4 K >Q?VC@:<DGBSc>1BUD}FTDGP K JH C M BUD >Q=DoY7PRDG?VSV>Q=5SV:O= K DG?VC@:<DG=fSV>@BC@>@? K PR4
SV:O=RFm>@PR=\47P~:<Y M DGBIDxBUDx>Q?V>@P\YTJH DxFm4 K >Q?VC@:<DGBI>@BO>@C K PR4G= K D H K :<C@DxC@B DwH =R:<C@Dcz
0
B
-0
-0
! !"
"
!
# (#
R
R
S
HJI
H
# (#
R
S
HJI
# (#
V
R
S
C 9cq $G
SV>_624SV4oZ M >dFm47PPRDG@47?VDG6^:O>@? K 4G=C@B DwH =R:<CQ47=Fm4Sc>@6247=SV>@CQ:<PZ M >_BUD K >@62F>QPND KRM PND6nJH ?c:<6^DdFTDGPRD
Z M >}4C M PRPRD M ?TDxPR>EDwC@C@:E47H ?SV>yk M =R:E47H ?Z M >}:O?h8747B M C@P\>}?1M H C@B<>Q47=SV>M7:OSVPT4GH Y7>@?V4n # ( V # R V :5>@=Qz
HcI
# (#
:
R
S
:
!"
E
Umax
Potencial electrosttico
rN
r
distancia
de retorno
Uint
Potencial
nuclear
HJI
::
:
78
S
O
5
OQS VX
S R
:= M F4G?V>@6247=BUDSV>Q?V=R:OSTDGSC@47?c= K Dw? K >n>j:OY M DGBD 5 V 5 V zfF4;SV>Q6^47=x:O? K >@YGPNDGPxB<D
>@C M DGCQ: 47H ?SV>C@4G?V=R>QP\8wDGC@:E47H ?SV>BUD6^DG=NDzfFVDGPND,CDwH B<C M BUDGPF M ? K 4[D,F M ? K 4[>@B8wDGBO47PoSV>B<D6XDG=RD
C@4G? K >@?V:OSTD>@?k M ?VC@:E47H ?SV>@BPRDGSV:O4VzVDG=@JH z
S S R OQS
V
5
?=R>Q?VC@:OB<B<4,CIDGH B<C M
VX
5
S
S R
-0
-0
! !"
"
!
7e
P
9
T9 .
:
::
!"
E
Umax
Potencial electrosttico
Funcin de onda exterior
Funcin
de onda
interior
Tunelizacin
rN
r
distancia
de retorno clsica
Uint
Potencial
nuclear
:OY PNDM9cqu9 $ 47P\6XD}Y7>@?V>QPNDGBmSV>tB<D}k ?cC@: 4GH ?XSV>t4G?VSTDoSV> M ?TDoFVDGP K J H C M BUDdF M ? KNM DGBSV>1C@DGPRY7D # R >@?
>@BFmM 4 K >@?VCQ:UDGB K JH FV:OC@4xSV> M ?VD2CQ47B<:O=R: 4GH ?%M ? M C@BO>EDGPQq
Fm47P#FVPR:O6^>QPND87>@FVPR4GF M >@= K 4tFm47Py>@47P\Y7>}DG624N9CQ476^4.=R4GB M CQ: 47H ?dDGBhFVP\47]VB<>Q6XD~SV>fBUD~FVPR4;S M CQC@:E47H ?
SV>_>@?c>@PRYVJH Dx>@?BUDx>@= K P\>@B<B<DF4GPB<47=FVP\4CQ>@=\47=Sc>_k M =R: 4GH ?Iq
# 4;SV>Q6^47=duTDGCQ>@P M ? =\>@?VCQ:<BOB<4CDGH BOC M BO4 ?c4>@BFVPR>QC@:<=\4Z M >%:O6^FVBO:<C@DGPEJ H D%PR>@=\47BO8G>@PB<Dn>QC M DGCQ: 47H ? SV>
CvuVP\4Sc:<?VY7>QPvzFTDwPND_>@= K :<6^DGP)C M DwB>Q=DGuV4GPND_>@B8GDwB<47P6nJH ?V:O6^4ySc>1BUD K >Q6^Fm>@PRD KNM PND_>@? M ?^FVBUDw=R6^D
FTDGPRDxZ M > K >@?VYhDxB M YhDGP>QBFVPR4;C@>Q=R42SV>yk M =R:E47H ?SV>_SV47=~?tM H C@BO>@47=Qq
&4STDFTDGP K J H C M B<DC M DGH ? K :OCED K :O>@?V>^DG=R4;C@:<DGSTD M ?TD47?VSTDC M ahDpBO47?VY7: KNM S,>Q= K D
H PR>QBUDGCQ:<47?TDwSTDjC@47?= M
62476^>Q? KNM 6 BO:<?V>@DGBf M ?VDXFVPR4GFV:<>QSTDGSpCQ47PRF M =RC M BUDGPN zmF4GPB<D^uV:OF~4 H K >Q=R:O=SV>ort> PR47Y7BO:<>wzT6^>QSV:UDG? K >
BUD>FVPR>Q=R: 4GH ?Iz
V
-0
-0
:
! !"
"
!
R
# (#
R
:}::
# (#
R R
# (#
:
R
HJI
# ( # R R
T
R
P
7'>@=5?V>@CQ>@=NDwPR:UD M ?TD K @> 62F>QPND KRM PND}6nJ H ?V:<6^Dt>@= K :O6XDGSVD
# DwPNDdB<D}k M =\: 47H ?^SV>@B7:OSVPT4GH Y7>@?V4X
V
SV>wz
HJI
e . :
V
Z M >}>@= K D2H >Q? M ?n>Q? K >@P\4XDGC M >@P\SV42C@47?BUD K >@62F>QPND KRM PNDx>@= K :O6XDGSVDFVDGPNDx>@B?1M H C@B<>Q4x=R47B<DGP@q
BDG? K >QPR:O47PyPNDGQ47?TDG62:<>Q? K 4VzISc>@6 M >Q= K PNDjF M >Q=@zSV>QT?c: K :L8wDG6^>Q? K >Gz Z M >2>Q=_F47PyBO4j6^>Q?V47=yFm47=R:O]VB<>
Z M >XBO47=_FVPR4;C@>Q=R47=}SV>2k M =R:E47H ?? M CQB<>@DGPoDwB<:<62>@? K >@?[DB<DG=_>@= K PR>QB<B<DG=@qx*#Dj87>QPR:OVCEDGCQ: 47H ?[SV>QV?V: K :O8wDa
47]V=\>@P8GDwC@:<4G?TDGBSV>Z M >>Q=yDG=@JH ?V47=1BUD^SVDGPTDXH B<D^SV> K >QC@C@:E47H ?SV>oB<47=.?V> MK PR:O?V47=tFcPR4;S M C@:OSV47=S M PNDw? K >
B<4G=FVPR4;C@>Q=R47=~SV>_k M =R:E47H ?IzVSc>}BO47=Z M >_uTDG]VB<DGPR>Q6^4G=]VPR> 87>@62>@? K >d6DGH =~DGSV>QBUDG? K >Gq
?VD8G>@f:<SV>Q? K :OVCEDGSV4>QB K :OF4Sc>fFcPR4;C@>@=\4~Z M >fSVD~B M YhDGPID~B<D>@?V>QPRYVJ H DSV>)BUDG= >@= K PR>QB<BUDw=I4C M F>QH 6^47?c47=
DGuV4GPNDSV>jBO47=SV> K DGBOB<>@=d>@?B<4,Z M >jCQ47?VCQ:<>@P\?V>DBUD6^DG?V>QPNDCQ476^4p=R47? k M =\:<47?TDwSV47=BO47=?1M H CQB<>@4G=
SV>%uc:<SVPV47H Y7>@?c4 BO47=}6WDGH =oDG] M ?cSTDG? K >Q=>@? B<Dn>@= K P\>@B<B<DhtFTDGPRDpB<:O]>QPNDGP_BUD>@?V>QPRYVJH Dp?V>QC@>@=RDGPR:<DpFTDGPRD
6^DG? K >@?c>@P~BUD>Q= K P\>@BOBUDx>@?VCQ>@?VSc:<STD6^:OB<>Q=SV>_6^:OB<BO47?V>@=SV>},D ?V+ 47=Qq
B6WDwH =t=R>Q?VC@:OB<B<4jFcPR4;C@>@=\4SV>xk M =R:E47H ?,Z M >F M >@Sc> K >@?V>QP}B M YhDGP>@?[>@B:O? K >@P\:<47PSV>BUDG=t>Q= K PR>@BOBUDG=y>Q=
DGZ >QBm>Q?X>QBmZ >.SV47=fFVP\4 47?c>@=1 ?1H CQB<>@4G=SV>@B:<=V4 H 4GF4_6DGH =)B<:O8;:<DG?V4ySV>QB 7.:<SVPV47H Y7>Q?V4|=R> M ?V>Q?XFTDGPRD
kl476^M DGP M ??1M H MCQB<>@4xSc>dSV> McK K >QPR:O4Vq *#M DP\>@CQC@: 4GH ?n=\>}FK M >@SV>}>@=\C@P\:<]V:OPSV>_BUDokl47P\6XDcz
HcI
(
Z ( R
::
!"
GD B47B z6XDG? K >@?V>QPB<D262:<=\6XDxB M 6^:O?V47=R:OSTDGSDGC KNM DGB zTC@47?c= M 62:<>Q?VSV4X>QB : hg SV>o= M uV:OSVPT4GH Y7>@?V4^F4GP
M8;:<? STDxK :<>Q=\6^47]VFmPR42>_B<SVD >o&Dw:OF>@>QP\?TPNDcDGq= M ?V47=n: 6^:OB<BO47?V>@=5SV>D?V+ 4G=@z:<?ckl>QPR:O47P:<?VCQB M =\4XD2BUD>@STDwSZ M > K :<>@?c>dB<D
>tF >@SV>y=\:<?V>Q6]TDGP\Y74o6247= PNDwP5Z > ?TD}87>@tkl4GPR6^DGSV4o>QB SV> >QPR:O4F4GP>@= DFVP\:<62>@PND}PR>@DGC@CQ: 47H ?Iz
>@= K >,M F M >@SV>,k DGCQ:<B<62>@? K >nk M =\K :<47?TDwPR=RM >,CQM 47?sB<4G=jDG] M ?cSTDG? K >Q=FcMcPR4 K K 47?V>@=jSc:<=RFm47K ?V:O]VB<>Q=X>Q?A>QBt62>@SV:O4
62>@SV:<DG? K > M ?TDPR>@DGC@CQ: 47H ?Z M >}>@= K DH STDGSTDxFm47P@z
Z (
R
Z
BUDtP\>EDGCQC@:E47H ?2DG? K >@P\:<47PF M >@SV>~BO:<]m>@PNDwP M ? K 4 K DGBVSV> M ?V47=$z $ > AZ M >~=R> McK :OB<:OEDG?FcPR:<?cC@:<FVDGB<62>@? K >
FTDGPRD}kl47P\6XDwP>@Bkl4 K 47H ? qf3547?XB<D}>Q?V>@P\YTJH D}Z M >tDGFm47P K D_>@= K DoPR>@DGC@CQ: 47H ?XDdBO47=:7z n> FVPR4;S M CQ:<SV4G=
>@?ABUDDG? K >@PR:O47P%=\>CQ47?V=R:OY M >Q? M ?c47= cz n> z~Z M >[D M ?A=R47?A:<?c= M TCQ:<>Q? K >@=FTDGPRD>FVB<:OCEDGPjB<D
:<B M 62:<?TDGCQ: 47H ?1C@47?V= K DG? K >SV>@Bc47B;D.B<4.BUDGP\Y74Sc>5B<4G=M H B K :O6^47="$ .6^:OB<BO47?V>@= SV>D?V+ 4G=@q =PR>QZ M >@PR:OSTD
F M >Q=B<D4C M PRP\>@?VCQ:UDxSV>_4 K PNDG=~PR>@DGC@CQ:<47?c>@=~Z M >oDwF47P K >Q?nD M ?n6DGH =>Q?V>@P\YTJH Dcq
?VD187>@~=\>uTD1kl47P\6XDGSc4 Fm47P'BUD1DG? K >@P\:<47PPR>@DGC@CQ: 47H ?IzGBUDkJ H =R:<C@D1? M C@BO>EDGP|F>QPR62: K >BUD14;C M PRPR>Q?VC@:<D
SV> M ?[FTDGP1SV>PR>EDwC@C@:O47?V>Q=yF47=\:<]VBO>@=QzSV>xBUDG=1C M DGBO>@=yB<D%6WDGH =1FVPR47]VDG]VB<>C $7g >@?bBUDw=yC@47?VSc:<C@:O47?V>Q=
SV>QB?1M H CQB<>Q4o=R4GBUDGPNCQ47PRP\>@=\F47?cSV>yDoDwZ M >@B<B<Dd>Q?%BUD_C M DwB z;>@= K >t?1M H CQB<>@4}=R>k M =R:O47?TD_C@47?%4 K PR4d:<S>QH ? K :<CQ4
FTDGPRDkl47PR6^DGP M ?c4^? M > 874XSc>@B6DGH =~DG] M ?cSTDG? K >}:<=V4 H K 47Fm4xSVM> 7>QB<:O4VzVDG=@JH z
Z
Z V (
>@= K DPR>@DGC@CQ: 47H ?>@=DGB K DG62>@? K >1>QTCQ:<>@? K >}aj>Q?n>QB<B<D=R>_F M >QSV>dBO:<]m>@PRDGP M ? K 4 K DGBISV> M ?c47= :9 n> oq
71Dw= K D[>@= K >F M ? K 4 B<D[>Q?V>@P\YTJ H D K 4 K DGB~B<:<]m>@PRDGSTD,>@?BUDG= 9P\>EDGCQC@:O47?V>@=^SV>@=\C@P\: K Dw=X>@=^>@? K 4 K DGB~SV>
MSV?V>x4GP\= >EDGCQC@.:<4G ?V>@ =Qz>@?,ZBUDw=t$ &Z $7 >xZ =R>x:59(CQ47 ?h8:O>@P >@?b>Q(? 4 DwR B Wq *#?1DH >QCQ?VB<>@>@4GP\=1YTJH SVD > K 47.K :<DGSVBPV47BOH :<Y7]m>@>@?cPN4jDwST>@D%? F4G?bP}?1>Q= H K CQ>XB<>@C@4X:OC@SVBO4>
M
K KK M
M M
7>QB<:O4VzhF M >QSV>tuTDGCQ>@P]VPR:OB<BUDwPDGB47B z;CQ47?X= M B M 6^:O?V47=R:OSTDGS2DGC KNM DGBTaCQ47?V= M 6^:O>@?VSV4oDGFm>@?TDG=>@BB: hg
SV>QB 7.:<SVPV47H Y7>Q?V4SV:<=\F47?c:<]VBO>tF4GP M ?pFm>@P@JH 4;SV4xSV> : x6^:OB 62:<B<BO47?V>Q=SV>},D ?V+ 47=Qz M ? K :<>Q6^Fm4xSV>_=R47]cPND
FTDGPRDx> FVB<:OCEDGPB<D>@= K DG]V:OB<:OSTDGSj=R4GBUDGP>Q?nBO47=M H B K :<6247= $ x6^:OB<BO47?V>@=SV>},D ?V+ 47=Qq
>@= >2C@47? ? 4nSc>^P\>EDGCQC@:<4G?V>@=_=R>2B<>xSVD>QB?V476]VP\>SV8> 3(& "$ * - *, - 3(& "$
ab>@=dK >@BOBUDjBUDM PR>Q=RK Fm47?V=NDw]VB<>2F4GPdB<DFcPR4;S M C@CQ: 47H ?SV>2BUD6XDEa74GPdFTDwP K >2SV>2BUD>@?V>QPRYVJH DBO:<]m>@PRDGSTDjF4GP
? M >@= K P\4j47B q
71Dw]H DG6247=fSV:<Cvuc4xZ >tBUDoP\>EDGCQC@:E47H ?%>@?jB<DoZ >t>QB
=\>yC@47?h8;:<>QP >1SV:<P\>@C DG62>@? >t>Q? Fm47PB<D
k M =\: 47H J ?CQ47? M ?b?1M H CQM B<>@4^:<S>QH ? K :<CQ4%4;C M P\PR>>QB=M $7gSV>xB<DG=8G>@C@>Q=@q K B8:%$7g K PR>Q= K DG? K K >x>@B F M >QSV>
>@?cC@47? K PRDGP M ??1M H CQB<>@4[SV> FTDwPND[kl4GPR6^DGP M ?W?1M H CQB<>Q4SV
> zZ M >nSV>@=\F M >QH =jSV> M ?TD=\>@PR:O>
C@4G?V4CQ:<STDxSV>_P\>EDGCQC@:<4G?V>@=~C@4G?VS M CQ>}T?VDGB<62>@? K >_DxB<Dxkl4GPR6^DGC@:E47H ?%SV> M ??tM H C@BO>@4SV> q
:<= K >F M >@= M ?VDbPRDG6^DDGSV:OC@:<4G?TDGBfSV>BUDCEDwSV>@?TD,F FZ M >FcPR4;S M C@:O>@?VSc4 M ?TD,>@?V>QPRYVJH D,=R:<62:<B<DGP
DXB<D^FVP\4S M C@:<SVDXF4GP1BUD2PNDG6^D^FcPR:<?cC@:<FVDGB zC@4G?VS M CQ>> cDGC K DG62>@? K >DwB62:<=\6^42PR>Q= M B K DGSV4XZ M >>@= K D
H B :<6^Dcq*#4G=SV> DGB<BO>@=SV>_BUDw=PR>EDwC@C@:O47?V>Q=.Z M >ykl47P\6XDw?B<DG=SV:O= K :<? K DG=PRDG6^DG=SV>_BUDC@DGSV>@?VD2F Fn=\>
FVM P\K >@=R>Q? K DG?n>@?BUDK TY M PRD 9cq q
-0
-0
! !"
"
!
:}:9
H+ H
H+e +
1
1
2
H+e+ H
H+
99,6%
0,4%
100%
86%
He +
H + 2H
14%
3
Be +
He + 4He
0,1%
99,9%
7
100%
0,00002%
Li +
100%
Be + e
He + He
He + H
3
1
4
He + H
He + e+ +
Li + H
ppI
2 He
B+
Be + H
100%
2 He + e+ +
4
ppII
ppIII
::
12
C + 1H
13
N+
13
C + e+ +
13
13
14
15
N + 1H
!"
12
C + 4He
N+
C + 1H
14
O+
N + 1H
15
15
N + e+ +
15
15
N + 1H
16
F+
O + 1H
17
17
O+
16
17
O + e+ +
17
O + 1H
14
N + 4He
Q
-0
!
!
%$
:}:
K PR:ODG?T?VDG=\B<FT62DG>@PR? >Q? >GK z;>@=oBUDo M>Q?V?T>@D2P\YT4GHFTDDG>QC@=:OSTDGPNSDw?VC@=R4GFm6^47PFTDwDGPNSTD DK :O8wFmDG4762PCQ>@47? ?hK >t87>@]VCQDC@R:EDh47H ?I q zTC DG?VSV4:<?c>@= DG]V:OB<:<SVDGSV>@=6^>QCDGH ?c:<CEDw=
>@?j>QB62>@ScK :<4Vz;FVPR4 8G4C@DGJ?j>@Bm6^K 4 8;:<62:<>Q? K K 4oSc>1Fm47PRCQ:<47?V>Q=5CQ476^FcB<> M K DG=5Sc>t6XD KK >@P\:UD_Z M >t=R>1SV>@=\FVBUDG@DG?
B<BO>Q8wDG?VSc4xCEDGBO47PSV>_BUDw=PR>@YG:<47?V>Q=6WDwH =CEDGBO:<>@? K >@=.DxBUDG=6DGH =klP@JH DG=@q = K > K :OF4xSV> K PNDG?V=\F4GP K > K :<>@?c>
B M YhDGP~>@?6^D K >@PR:<D2=\4762> K :OSTD2D^>@?c47PR62>@=Y7PNDGSc:<>@? K >@=1Sc> K >Q6^Fm>@PRD KNM PND^:O?VS M CQ:<SV4G=@zF4GP1> \>Q6^FcB<4Vz
Fm47P M ?TDY7PNDw?4GFTDGC@:OSTDGS4F4GPBUDx6 M aXSV>@=\:<Y M DwBFVPR4;S M CQC@: 4GH ?Sc>}>Q?V>@P\YTJH Dx>Q?n= M :<? K >@PR:O47P@q
?^B<DG=>@= P\>@B<B<DG=?V47P\6XDwB<>@=CQ476 ?c6^>Q? >~BUDt>@?c>@PRYVH D_=R> PRDG?V=RFm47P DyF4GPfBO47='SV4G=H B :O6^47=6^>QCEDG?;
:<=\6^4G= PNDwK SV:UDGCQ: 47H ?9a9C@47?h87>QC@CQ: 47H M?x=R:O>@?VK Sc4[B<D,C@47?VS J M C@CQ: 47K H ? M ?6^K >QSV:<4,SV> K PRDG?V=\FM 47K P K >6DGH =x]V:<>Q?
FVP\47FV:<4xSc>d>Q= K P\>@BOBUDG=Fm>@C M B<:<DGPR>Q= K DGBO>@=C@4G6^4>@?VDG?TDG=~]VB<DG?VCEDw=@q
= SV:<>Q6^4G=dDwuV47PNDj>Q?9DGBOYH ?,SV> DGB<BO>BUDj6^DG?V>QPNDjC@47624B<47=_SV:O= :<? 47=yFcPR4;C@>@=\47=}SV> PNDw?V=RFm47P >
SV:O= KRK M P\:<] M a7>@? BUDn>Q?V>@P\YTJH D>@?9M >QB5:O? KK >@P\:<47P_SV>^BUDn>Q= K PR>@BOBUDaB<DG=}C@47?VK Sc:<KC@:O47?V>Q=oFTDGPRDnZ M >%K =\>ED M ?V4 K M
4 K PR4>@B62>@C@DG?V:<=\6^4xZ M >}B<BO>Q8wDDCEDG]m4SV:<CvuVD262:<=\: 47H ?Iq
!"$#%
B)FVPR47]cB<>@6^D%SV>QB K PNDG?c=RFm47P K >^Fm47PyPNDwSV:UDGCQ: 47H ?,k M >6DGH =_4n62>@?c47=_]V:<>Q?>Q= KNM SV:UDGSc4nFm47P_?V47=\4 K P\47=
>@?,B<DXFVP\:<62>@PND2FTDGP K >SV>QB|C@DGFJOH KRM B<4 q B<B JH :O? K PR4;S M CQ:<6247=BO4%Z M >x=R>oC@47?V4;C@>oC@47624%BUD2>@C M DGC@:E47H ?
SV> K PRDG?V=kl>@PR>Q?VC@:<D2PRDGSV:<D K :L8GDzZ M >wzmFVDGPND M ?TDY7>Q476^> K P@JH Do=\:<62FVB<:LTCEDGSVDcz K :<>@?c>yBUDokl47P\6XD
C@47= O O 7 V 7 X
:6 B :<FVBO:<C@DG6^4G=fB<DDG? >QPR:O47P5>QC DGCQ: 47H ?jFm47PCQ47= >t:O? >@Y7PRDG6247=5=\47]VPR> 4SVDG=BUDw=SV:<P\>@CQC@:<4G?V>@=5a
=R4G]VPR> M K K 4SVDG=B<DG=1BO47?VY7: KNM K Sc>@=~SV>47M ?cSTDczDG= M 62:<>Q?VSV4%Z M >dK BUD247FTDGCQ:<STDGSn>@=tK :O?VSV>QF>Q?VSV:<>Q? K >SV>d>@= K D
M H B K :<6^Dcz=R>_>@?cC M >Q? K PNDcz
O
C@4G= O V >
C 9cq 7
R O
O
V
rt47?VSc> >@=f>@B A M \4oPRDGSV:UD K :O8G4y]4GB<476> H K PR:<CQ4;>@?X>QZ M :<BO:<]VP\:<4 K >@PR624;SV:<?~DwH 6^:OC@4tBO4C@DGB K >Q?V>@6247=)Z M >
O V
eO
V
V
C@4G?n>Q= K >_CIDGH B<C M B<4 9cq xZ M >QSTDcz
O
9 V >
O
OQS q = M 62:<>Q?VSV4.=R:<62> K PEJ H D>@=\kE>QH PR:OCED
# 4GPB<D~Sc>QT?V:OC@:E47H ?dSc>FVP\4Gk M ?VSc:<STDGS 47H F K :<C@D K >@?V>Q6^47= O
Y
V
X
5
=R> K :<>@?c>dDwSV>@6DGH = > V
S R Sc>}624;SV4xZ M >_BUDDG? K >QPR:<4GP>@C M DGC@:E47H ?=R>}C@47?h8;:<>QP K >_>Q?Iz
O
OQS 9 V X 5 S
R
9
O
C 9cq G
5
OQS VX
S R
)(+*
-, * .&
'&
(+* -, * .&
, *
1, *
0/
'&
& )6
+354
'& )6
$2
$2
(8*
;9
:9
<
;9
<
<
;9
::
!"
#%
" #
5P
C9cq e7
=R>_uTD2DG= M 6^:OSV4 M ?TDC@4G6^Fm47=R:OC@:E47H ?%Z M JH 62:<C@DuV476247Y>QH ?V>EDxFTDGPRDxBUDx>@= K PR>QB<B<DczVFm47PBUDC M DGB
V cq
O
OQS
P
5
OQS
5P
OS
= D2P\>@BUDwC@: 4GH ?j?V47=~F>QPR62: >tSV:<P\>@C DG62>@? >_47] >@?c>@P~FTDGPRD>QB6^>QSV:<4 ?VDCQ47?V>c:E47H ?>@? P\>d>QBY7PND
SV:O>@K ? K >%Sc>XBUDSV>@?c=R:<SVDGS9a K BO47=}C@47P\K PR>@=\F4G?VK SV:<>Q? K K >@=xYGPNDGSV:O>@? K >Q=oSV>XFVPR>QM =R: 4GH ? a K >@62F>QPND KRK M PND>@? >QB
62>@SV:O4VzVDG=@JH z
O
O
O
? 9q : 7
5OQS V 5
OQS X
OQS
# 4GP4 P\4yBUDGSV4y=RDG]m>@6247=Z >~BUD16^D >QPR:<D1>@?BUDt] PR] RD_=\>~> FTDG?VSc>DwSV:UDG]D H K :OCEDG62>@? K >wzGSV>~624Sc4
Z M >}= MK 8747B M 6^>Q?jajFVPR>Q=R:E47H M ?=R>}PR>@B<DGK C@:O47?TDG?jSc>}B<DoM kl47PRM 6^Dcz
Q
!
-0
!
:}:
( 5
OQS V
OQS
5
rt> 9cq:}:j=R>F >QSV>n>Q=RCQPR:<]c:<P >@? Q> H PR62:<?V47=oSV>BUDVF P\>@=R:E47H ? a BUDnSV>@?V=\:<STDwSIz>QB<:O6^:O?TDG?VSV4
C M DGB<Z M :O>@PSV>@Fm>@M ?cSV>@?VCQ:UD[C@47?>@= K DG=2 SV>@=\C@47K ?V4;C@:OSTDG=2C@47?c= K Dw? K @> =Qq B~Y7PRDGSV:O>@? K >SV>BUD,SV>Q?V=R:OSTDGS
FTDGPRDxBUDx] M P\] M RDT?TDGBO6^>Q? K _> Z M >@STDz
5
OQS
5
5
OS
?9q: G
5
OQS
OQS X
:
OQS
V
z6^DG?V:OF M BUDwC@:<4G?V>@=
? 9q:97
# 4GP M ?9624762>@? K 4cz874GBO8wDG6247=oD 9cq ecq7DG]J H DG6^4G=}Sc:<CvuV4Z M >^>@= K DPR>QBUDGCQ: 47H ?[>@PRDp=ND K :<=kl>@CvuTDn>@?
Y7>Q?V>@PRDGB>@? M ?^YhDG=fSV47?VSc>k M >QPND}85DGH BO:<STDyB<D}>QC M DGCQ: 47H ?^SV>1>Q= K DGSV4o>Q=RCQPR: K Dcz;>@?XFVDGP K JH C M BUDGP)>@?^>@BZ M >
C@4G?V= K : KNM a7>oB<D^] M PR] M RDq1;:= M = K : KNM :<6247=~>@?>Q= K D^> FVPR>Q=R:E47H ?>@BY7PRDGSV:<>Q? K >}SV>oSV>Q?V=R:OSTDGSV>Q= 9c;q : z
CEDwB<C M BUDGSV4x62>@Sc:UDG? K >yB<DDG= M 62C@:E47H ?jSV> M ?TD> FTDw?V=R:E47H ?pDwSV:UDG]D H K :OCEDcz47] K >Q?V>@6247=Qz
X
OQS
OQS
::
O
OQS
O
V
OQS
:
5
Z
OQS
!"
OQS
OQS
OS
OQS
3547624p>Q=?TD KRM PNDGB.z'>Q? >@B5:O? K >@P\:<47P_SV>XBUDn>Q= K PR >@BOBUDBUD K >@62F>QPND KRM PNDnSV>@CQPR>@CQ>juTDGCQ:UDpD k M >@PRDcz': q >Gq
czVSV>}624SV4xZ M >_B<D2Dw? K >@P\:<47PCQ47?VSV:OC@: 4GH ?jF M >@Sc> K DG6]V:O>@?>@=\C@PR:O]V:<P\=R>y>Q?nB<Dxkl4GPR6^Dcz
O }OQS
O
O
? 9q:
OQS
OQS
)>@6247=F M >@=Qz CQ476^4^B<42uTDG]V:<DG6247=1Dw? M ?VC@:<DGSV4%DwBFVP\:<?VCQ:<FV:O4SV>o>Q= K D%=\>@CQC@: 4GH ?Iz Z M >d>@B K PNDw?V=RFm47P K >
Fm47PC@47?h8G>@C@CQ: 47H ?^>@= K D_H SV> K >@PR62:<?VDGSV4_F4GPBUDt6^DGY7?V: KNM SxSV>~BO47=Y7PNDwSV:<>Q? K >@=)SV> K >Q6^Fm>@PRD KNM PNDyZ M >=\>
>@= K DG]cB<>@QCEDG?x>Q? M ?TDSV> K >@PR62:UDw?TDGSTD.PR>@YG: 47H ?dSV>5B<D>@= K P\>@B<B<%D $C M Dw? K 4t6DGH =|Y7PRDG?VSV>=R>@D1>@BY7PNDGSc:<>@? K >
DGC DGBT>Q?XB<Dt6XD >@P\:UDt4}6^>Q?V47P)>@BV8wDGBO47PSV>@S C@:OSV4dFVDGPNDy>@BY7PRDGSV:O>@? K >.DGSV:<DG]~D H K :<CQ4Vz76DGH =FVPR4G]TDG]VBO>
>@=~KNZ M M >}BUD>Q?V>@P\YTJH K Dx=R>@D K PNDG?c=RFm47P K DGSTDF47PCQ47M ?h87>QC@C@:E47H ?Iq
{ M > H K :OF4dSV>1kl>Q?~47H 62>@?V47=5FVPR4 874;CEDw?j>@= K DoC@B<DG=R>1SV>yDGB K >@PRDGC@:O47?V>Q=>Q?jB<47=Y7PNDGSc:<>@? K >@=5Sc> K >Q6^Fm>@P
D KRM PND27q
?x8:OP KRM SxSV[> 9cq 1Fm4;SV>@6247='= M F4G?V>@PZ M >>Q?2CQ:<>QP K Dw=C@47?VSc:<C@:O47?V>Q='>@BVYGPNDGSV:O>@? K >5SV> K >Q6^Fm>@PRD KNM PRD
>@? M ?TDPR>QY7: 4GH ?sSV>bBUD9>@= K P\>@B<B<D >@= K DH Sc:<PR>QC K DG6^>Q? K >,SV> K >@P\6^:O?TDGSV4Fm47PjBUD94GFTDGC@:OSTDGS SV>bSV:OCvuTD
PR>QY7: 4GH ?IzSV> K DGB6^4;SV4}Z M >tPR>QY7:<47?c>@=f6 M a47FTDwCEDG= K >@?cSVPTDGH ?X>@?V47P\6^>Q=5Y7PRDGSV:O>@? K >Q=SV> K >Q6^Fm>@PRD KNM PRD
:<?cS M C@:O>@?VSc42B<DDGFTDGP\:<C@:E47H ?%SV>_:O?V>@= K DG]V:OB<:OSTDGSV>Q=C@47?h8G>@C K :O8wDG=Qq
# 4GP.4 K PR4B<DGSV4Vz=R>}F M >@Sc>}6247= K PNDwPZ M >Gz
O
OQS
e
> \>Q6^FcB<42C M DG?cSV4%B<4G=FVP\4CQ>@=\47=tZ M >oFcPR4;S M C@>Q?,>@?V>QPRYVJH D^=\47?DGB K DG62>@? K >d=\>@?V=\:<]VBO>@=tDwB8wDGBO47P~SV>oB<D
KBUDy>Q6^>Q= Fm>@P\>@PRDBOBUKND_M 6PNDczma>@=tC@>Q>QPRB|C@C@DGDG?T=RDG4%=Fm>@?X47P>QB> \>@>@=R62FVDGFVC@BO4X:O4}SVa>QBC CQah:<C@DGBO=4j3>@62L1xFm>@zPN=RD : KNM PRDGDGCQ=):<47SV?c:OT>@=1>QPR>Q>Q??XBUFmDw4=1CQC 4dM =\DG>B<>QCQ=147PR?h>Q8Y7:O:<>@4GP ?V>@>@?X=>@SV? >
PR>QY7:<4GK ?V>@=~SV>_FVM P\4S M C@C@:E47H ?jaj?V42FVPR4;S M CQC@:E47H ?M SV>_>@?VK >QPRYTJH DczV4;CEKNDGM =\:<47?TDw?VSV4BUDxDGFVDGPR:OC@: 4GH ?jSV>_>@?VK 47P\6^>Q=
Y7PRDGSV:<>Q? K >@=~SV> K >@62F>QPND KRM PNDxZ M >_:<?VS M C@>Q?p:<?c>@= K DG]V:OB<:<SVDGSV>@=C@47?h8G>@C K :O8wDG=Qq
# 4GPbM H B K :O6^4d> :<= K > M ?TD6XDw?V>@PRD=\:<62FVB<:LTCEDwSTDoSV>_> FVP\>@=RDGPB<DC@47?cSV:<CQ: 47H ? 9cq :59cq
/ >@>@=\C@P\:<]V:O>@?VSV42>@= K DSV>@=\:<Y M DGB<STDwSj>@?BUDkl47PR6^Dcz
!
!"
<
!"
:}:
X :
B<B<DG6^DG?VSV4
zB<D,C@47?VSc:<C@:E47H ?FTDGPRD[Z M >4C M PRPRD,>@B K PRDG?V=\F47P K >C@4G?8G>@C K :O8G49=R>C@4G?8;:O>@P K >
T?TDwB<62>@? K >y>Q?IV z (
O
? 9q :%$G
O
?VDSV>BUDG=C >Q= :<47?V>Q=|Z >uTDG]H D.624 :L8wDGSV4~? >@= PR4y>Q= SV:<4SV>5BO47=#6^>QCEDG?c:<=R6247=SV> PNDw?V=RFm47P >
SV>>Q?V>@P\YTJH D2>@M ?,>QK B:O? K >@P\:<47M P.>@= K >@B<JDGP1>QPNDXK B<D^SV>oZ M M >K >@= K 47=tKRScM > K >QPR62:<?TDw]TDG?>QBY7PRDGSV:O>@? K >dK SV> M ?TD^SVK >
BUDw=C@DG? K :<SVDGSV>@=~kJH =\:<C@DG=Z M >d?V47=~k DGB K DG]TDF4GPSV>Q=RCQPR:<]c:<P.>@?p? M >Q= K PR4j>@= KNM Sc:<4XSc>@B:<? K >QPR:<4GP.>Q= K >@BUDwP
$BUD K >@62F>QPND KRM PNDcq
*47=[DG?~DGH BO:<=\:<=Dw? K >@P\:<47P\>@=b?V47=bB<BO>Q8wDG? T?VDGB<62>@? K >DsB<D =\47B M C@: 4GH ? SV>@BxFVP\47]VBO>@6^DW:<?V:OC@:UDwB<62>@? K >
FVB<DG? K >EDwSV4Vq BY7PNDwSV:<>Q? K >ySV> K >@62Fm>@PND KNM PRD>@?>@B:<? K >@PR:O47PSV>_BUD>Q= K PR>@BOBUDx>@= K DH STDGSV4Fm47P@z
9
O
O
? 9q : 7
5
OQS VYX
S R
O
:
<
? 9q:G
L4 H >@=\>xZ >x=R>uVDjDG= 62:<Sc4%C@47624%Y7PRDGSV:O>@? >dSV> >Q6^Fm>@PRD PRDX>@?,>QB|C@DG=R4jSV> PNDG?c=RFm47P >C@47?;
87>QC K K :O874n>@M B)Y7PRDGSV:<>Q? K >2M DGSV:<DG]~D H K :<C@4cz>@B'8wDGB<4GPyK 6pJH ?V:<62K 4%Z M >2SVKN:<MCvuV4Y7PRDGSV:<>Q? K >F M >QKSV>%DG= M 62K:<PyFTDGPRD
Z M > K >@?cYhDxB M YhDwPBUDxC@4G?8G>@CQC@: 4GH ?Iq
j( 4E+,-./120( " 4@y-+o-/Q(^"t* 4@ t$&)+,-$+,& y$'a 4@&
BO4XBUDwPRY74^SV>x>@= K >C@DGFJOH KRM B<4^uV>@6247=tuc>@CvuV4 M ?TD%P\>Q8;:<=\: 47H ?p6WDGH =4j6^>Q?V47=C@4762FVB<> K DXSc>B<47=FVPR4
C@>Q=R47=2Z M > K :<>Q?V>@?B M Y7DGP>@?>@B:O? K >@P\:<47PxSV>B<DG=>@= K PR>QB<BUDw=@q ?? M >Q= K P\49FVP\4CQ>@=R4[SV>]tM H =RZ M >QSTD
SV>nPR>@=\F M >Q= K Dw=%PR>QBUD K :O8wDG=2D >@= K D[:<?h8;:<=R:O]VB<>P\>@Y7:E47H ?SV>nBUDb>@= K PR>QB<B<Dcz5uV>Q6^4G=X47] K >@?V:OSV4 M ?TD=\>@PR:O>
SV>2C@47?c= K P M C@CQ:<47?c>@=okJH =R:<CQ4w 6^D K >@6D H K :OCEDG=Z M >XF M >QSV>@? SV>@=\C@PR:O]V:<P}C@4G? FVP\>@C@:O=R:E47H ?B<DG=}C@47?VSc:<C@:O47?V>Q=
PR>Q:<?TDw? K >@=~>@?>@B:O? K >@P\:<47P5SV>_BUDG=>Q= K P\>@BOBUDG=Qq
rt:<CvuVDG=xC@47?cSV:<CQ:<47?V>Q=xF M >QSV>@?CEDGPRDGC K >@P\:<EDwPR=R>wzCQ476248:O6^4G=@z)F4GP M ?C@47? M ? K 4bSV> 8wDGP\:UDG]cB<>@=
$BUDFVPR>Q=R: 4GH ?IzBUD >@62Fm>@PND PRDcz'BUD6XDw=NDaBUDB 62:<?c47=R:OSTDGS[C@47? >Q?V:<SVDcq =\4CQ:UDGSVDG=Dp>Q= DG=
8wDGPR:<DG]VBO>@=yuTDGBOBUDG62K 47= >@C M KNDGM C@:O47?V>Q=dSV:Lkl>@P\>@?VCQ:UDGBO>@=_M Z M >XSV>Q=RCQPR:<]m>@?KBUDj6^DG?V>@PRDCQ47624n>QB<BUDw=}ScK >@]m>@?
O
OQS
O
OS
O
O
:
!"
OQS
OQS
O
O
OQS
O
OQS
O
OQS
S R
S R
S R
5
<
:
=R:
S R
I
(
I
R= : I (
= K >.CQ47? M ? K 4dSV>~>QC M DGCQ:<47?c>@=)SV:Okl>QPR>Q?VC@:<DGB<>Q='?V4_B<:O?V>EDGBO>@=DwC@47FVB<DGSTDG=QzhPR>QC@:<]m>>@BT?c476]VP\>SV>
$% " & " $'* $ *3 $#" *abPR>QFVPR>Q=R>Q? DG? ?TDSc>2B<DG=y6DGH =y:<62F4GP Dw? >@=yuV>QPRPRDG6^:O>@? K Dw=
SV>QB#DG= K PR4GkJH =R:<CQ4x>@= K >@B<DGP~>@?>@B>Q= KNM SV:<4SV>_BUDx>Q= KK P M C KRM M PNDSV> K DGBOBUDGSTDSc>}B<DG=>@K = K P\>@K B<B<DG=@q
?>@BOBUDG=~FTDwP :OC@:OFTDG?IzDGSc>@6DGH =Sc>oBUDw=.8wDGP\:UDG]VBO>@=ahD26^>Q?VC@:O47?TDGSVDG= z z
Ez
4 PRDG=C@DG? :
STDGSc>@=kJH =\:<CEDw=K C@47?V>QC K DGSTDG=)k M ?VSTDw6^>Q? K DGB<62>@? K >C@47?2BUDG=|FVPR47Fc:<>@SVDGSV>@=)FTDwP K JH C M B<DGPR>Q=SV>~K BUDt6^D K >QPRK :<D
>@?XCEDGSTDdF M ? K 4Sc>1BUD_>@= K P\>@B<B<Dcq BOBUDG=f=R47?XBUD_SV>@?V=\:<STDwSb 5 zB<Dd47FTDwC@:<SVDGSX62>@SV:<DX z>QBFVP\4762>@SV:O4
>@=uV>QCvuV41=\47]VPR>fB<4G?VY7: KRM SV>Q=SV>)47?VSTDh a_B<DPND K D.SV>)Y7>Q?V>@PRDGC@:E47H ?}SV>>Q?V>@P\YTJH D} q = K DG=CEDw? K :<STDwSV>@=Qz
>@?cC@47? K PRDG6247=@zT=\>}>Q?VC M >@? K PRDG?pSV:OPR>QC K Dw6^>Q? K >_PR>@B<DGC@:O47?TDGSVDG=C@4G?nB<DG=58wDGPR:<DG]VBO>@=SV>QF>Q?VSV:<>Q? K >@=QzSV>
BUDw=>@C M DGC@:O47?V>@=fSV>~BUDt>Q= K P M C KNM PRDd>@= K >QBUDGPQz;P\>@B<DGC@:O47?V>@=Z M >.Fm4SV>Q6^4G=> FVPR>Q=NDGPfSV>~BUDy6^DG?V>QPNDy6WDwH =
Y7>Q?V>@PRDGB>@?BUDokl47P\6XDz
'
5<V 5
V
'
V
rt47?VSc> HVPR>@FcPR>@=\>@? K D}BUDklPRDGC@CQ: 47H ?xSc>6XDG=RDtC@47P\PR>Q=RFm47?VSV:O>@? K >~DyBUD>@=RFm>@CQ:<>~D K 47H 62:<CEDC@47??1M H 62>@P\4
SV>_6^DG=ND ]TDGPRP\>y=R47]cPR> K 4;SV47=B<4G=8GDwB<47P\>@=Fm47=R:O]VB<>Q=v q
*#Ddkl47P\6XD}SV>1>Q= K Dw=5k M ?VCQ:<47?V>Q=@zVCQ47?V4;C@:OSTDG=fC@47624 $% " & " $ (& .4 $% " + $'%
'% z>@=_STDGSVD%> FVB H C@: DG62>@? >oF47P1PR>@= B DGSV47=yFcPR4 87>Q?V:<>Q? >@=}>@?bY7>Q?V>@PRDGB'SV>x4 PNDG=[DwH PR>EDw=ySV>
BUDxkJH =\:<C@Dcq =EJH F47P~> \>@62J FVK B<42BUDSVK >@Fm>@?cSV>@?VCQM:UDXK Sc>oBUDxSV>Q?V=R:OSTDGSK CQ47?pB<D2FcPR>@=\: 47H ?aBUD K K >Q6^Fm>@PRD KNM PRD
>@=oFVPR4 8;:<= K DFm47PoBO47=d6 > H K 4Sc47=o>Q= K DwSJH = K :<CQ47=SV>XBUDk JH =R:OCED)B<Dp47FTDGCQ:<STDwSIz'>@=oSTDGSTDpFm47Pd>@B5>Q= KRM
SV:O4^62>@CIDGH ?V:<CQ4XC M DGH ? K :OC@4XSc>@BFVPR47]cB<>@6^DSV>oB<D2:O? K >@PRDGC@CQ: 47H ?nSV>dB<D^PRDGSV:UDwC@: 4GH ?CQ47?B<D26^D K >QPR:<Dxa>QB
C@4;>QVC@:<>Q? K >_SV>}>@62:<=R:E47H ?Iz;FTDGPRD2? M >Q= K P\4^C@DG=R42FTDGP K JH C M B<DGP@z>@=~FVPR4 8;:<= K 42F4GPBUDokJH =\:<C@D? M CQB<>@DGP@q
3 M DG?cSV4 =R>FcPR4 87>Q>@? BUDG=^C@47?cSV:<CQ:<47?V>Q=XSV>nklPR47? K >QPND9SV>QB1C@DG=R4 D9B<DG=2>@C M DGC@:O47?V>@=jSc>BUD[>@= K P M C
KN=RM4GBPND^CQ:>Q47=H ?jK >@?VBUDw4GP@=.z FcM PR?T4 D287>Q=R>d47B SVM >QC@BI:E47H 8w?pDGB<Dw47BP5FcSVPR> 47]V4;BO>@ST6^DG=~DxBU6XDG=D K8G>@Dw6PR:UDDwH K]V:OB<C@>Q4=FPR>@M BO>Q>QSV8w>oDG? =\>@>QPQ=~z>@>Q?? >@K B>Q47>@PE= JH DczTSc47:<4] K SV>@>_?V:OBUSTDDc6^qrtD :O>QCvPRuT:<DD
>@?nM >@B:O? K >@P\:<47P>Q= K >QBUDGPQz 2z z
@z K
z 5 z z q BC@47? M ? K 4XSc>}K >Q= K DG=k M ?cC@KN:<4GM ?V>@=d 42= M =.8wDGKBO47PR>Q=
F M ? K 4DjF M ? K 4hykl47P\6XD%BO4Z M >^BO47=_DG= K PR4Gk JH =R:OC@47=yCQ47?V4;C@>@?C@47624 M ? & " $#" * q # >QPR4n?V4
V
;9
:
P
7
S R
<
<
<
<
0e !
: :
% *,"$%!- $%'&((& 8* & " "$ "$* $ %!- & " $" "$* - $ % "
- & " * 3 & " & "$ $%'&((& #"$!"$* * ! $% $%!- - % 3
"$!# " "$* !$ * & " "$*," "$ :- & "$#"$* % (&( & "
"$* - !% 3 ! *2
! $% $%!- - % 3
<
"!$#
&%
$
P
9
( R
R
:
!"
Cwq1 M = K : KNM a7>@?cSV4X>Q?nB<D>QC M DwC@: 4GH ?FVDGPND Vz BUDok M ?cC@: 4GH ? ^ zVSV>@6 M @> = K PR>}Z M >Gz
P
$
S
:
X
O
OQS VX
:
P
S R
! "$#&%('*),+.-./0/01342) #
57698;:=<?>A@B8,CEDF8HGI<J8LKM698;>ONI8;PFQ;NR<.6S<?>T8;QU8,@B8;QUNI>TPFVW:ACXDB8,GR<Y:Z8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<Y:A:OVWP]8;P^[=8U:_NIPB`ZDM[a<YbBG\8;:dc
8U[T8;>OPBVW:;ef8;G$8;:g[=DB@FNIVh@F8U[a<?GIGR<?@BVi>O8UjY8;GR<46S<Y>T<i8;G\GR<Y:kDBPB<iPS<?[TDB>=<?GI8;l;<iQ;<Y`ZbBNI<YP^[=8YmnQ;VW`4V4Q;DS<YG\CXDBNI8U>
:TN\:O[T8;`i<oPB<?[=DB>T<YGp8;:g[r<Yq Ps:TVY`i8L[=NI@B<Y:_<tDFPu6B>OVMQU8;:OV@B8,8LjWVWG\DBQ;NvVWq PwexCEDF8J<.6S<Y>g[=N\>A@B8,DBPu8U:O[=<Y@BV
NIPFNIQ;NI<YGrc,<_[T>=<vj*8;q :k@B8yDBPS<_:T8U>TN\8z@F8z6F>TVEQ;8;:OVW:p{g|q :ONIQ;VY:pGR<ZQ;VYPB@BDBQU8;P.<ADBPHNIPB8LjEN\[a<?bBGI83}BPS<YG~
8U>S<,q 8;G*VWbEO8L[=VH@B8_8;:O[T8iQ;<Y6q [=DBG\VBe6B>T8U:T8UPX[=<Y>zGIVW:z<Y:O6f8UQU[=VY:`<Yq :NI`469VW>O[=<YP^[=8;:@F8;G*Q;VWPODBP^[=VH@B8
6B>OVMQU8;:TVY:CXDB8y@S<YP,jENI@S<_<AGR<A| 8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<FeMGR<AQ;VWPF:TDB`48;P,c&}SPS<?GI`48;P^[=8GI<_QUVWP^jENI8;>g[=8UP8UPDBPHQ;DF8;>T69V
`ZDB8U>O[TVB~
PFVH@F84GI<Y:6B>ONI`48;>T<Y:Q;VW:T<Y:yCXDB8_PBVW:S<YQU8_6f8UPB:=<Y>yCXDB8_GR<?:8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:PBV,:TVWPtNIPF@B8U}SPFNI@S<Y`48;P^[T8
8;:g[a<YbFGI8;:Ue8U:8UGxF8;QaBV@F8iCXDB84@BNIQaB<8;:g[a<YbFNIGIN\@S<Y@o8;:g[r<Hq ^<Y>=<?PX[TNIl;<Y@S<6fVY>zGI<H8KMNI:O[T8;PBQUNR<,@B84DBPS<
{DB8UPX[T8p@B8p8;PF8;>TB|q <3N\PX[T8;>ONIVW>CEDF8p>T8;69VWPBW<<YCXDB8;G\GR<CXDB8pGI<38;:g[=>O8;GIGI<3NI>O>=<Y@FNR<QUVWPB:g[a<YP^[=8U`i8UP^[=8k@B8;:O@B8
:TDF:d:TDF6f8U>O}SQUNI8Y~H53FVW>=<H:=<Yb98;`4VW:zCEDF8&@BNIQaB<H{DB8UPX[T8h8U:O[r<Jq <YGIN\`i8UPX[=<Y@S<Q;VYPB:O[=<YP^[=8;`48;P^[T8&6fVY>8UG
N\@B>SVYq W8;PBVCXDB8Q;VY`i69VWPB8GR<>O8;WNvVWq PhQU8;P^[=>T<YG@F83GR<z8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<F~8U>TVBeBCEDn8q 6S<Y:T<dQ;DS<?PB@BVA:T83<YWVY[=<
GR<Q;<YP^[=N\@S<Y@]}SPBN\[=<.@B8,BNI@B>BVWq W8UPBVo@BNI:O6fVWPFNIbBG\8!W~ $<.8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<.:O8,jY8J<?bfVEQv<Y@B<t<.DBPsNIPF8UjEN\[=<YbBGI8
6B>OVMQU8;:TV8UP8;GCXDB8Z@B8Ubf8d`iVE@BN\}BQv<Y>0:TD8U:O[T>TDBQL[=DB>T<&6S<Y>=<h<YGIQ;<YPBlv<?>8UG8UCEDFNIGIN\bB>TN\Vi698;>O@BNI@FVB~3:g[a<
b3DBq :OCEDF8;@S<_@B8;G$8UCEDFNIGIN\bB>TN\Vd8U:6B>O8;QUNI:=<?`i8UPX[T8yGIVACXDB8zQ;VWPBVEQ;8U`iVY:pQ;VW`4V_8UjWVYGIDBQUN!VWq P,8;:g[=8UGR<Y>U~
ZVWq `4VA:T8{VW>O`h<?PHGI<Y:8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<Y:=^e9vQUDk<Yq GI8U:p:TVWPHGIVY:pQv<Y`ZbFNIVW:p8U:O[=>ODBQU[TDB>=<?GI8;:kCXDB8z:TDF{>O8;PHQ;DS<?PB@BV
:T8i<YWV?[a<:TDtQ;VW`dbBDB:O[TNIbBG\8!WeiQ;Dp<Yq G8;:yGR<@BDF>=<YQUN!VWq Pt@B8_8;:g[=846B>TVEQ;8U:TVXWeiQVWq `4V,:T8_`4VM@BN}SQv<GI<
<Y6S<?>TNI8UPBQ;NI<@B8iGI<8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<,<,GIVHGR<Y>OWV@B8UGx`4NI:O`iV^^e4Q;Dk<Yq G*8U:8UG*}BPS<YG*@B8_DBPS<H8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<CXDB8iS<
<YWV?[a<Y@BV_8UG`h<?[T8;>ONR<YG9{DB:TN\VWPS<YbBG\88;PH:TDHPDBq Q;G\8;VXWerzQ;Dk<Yq G\8;:k:TVYPJGR<?:p6B>TDB8UbS<Y:0VWbB:O8;>Oj?<YQUNIVWPB<YGI8U:p@B8
GR<8LKMNI:g[=8;PFQ;NR<@B8GR<z8UjWVYGIDBQUN!VWq P&8U:O[T8;GR<?>aW~*<Y>T8U`iVY:>T8U:T6BDF8;:O[=<_<Z8;:O[=<Y:6B>O8;WDFPX[=<Y:p8;P8UG6B>O8;:O8;P^[=8
Qv<?6|q [TDBGIVB~
W)4'x d/1i2) # + ;d%'v;d
k8@kVWq PB@F8p6B>TVEQ;8U@B8pGR<3`i<?[T8;>TNI<CXDB8pQUVWPB:O[TN\[TDFcW8kGR<?:8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y:aW~56f8U:=<Y>@F8CXDB8kGR<3VWbF:T8;>gj?<YQ;NvVWq P
@BN\>T8;QL[a<]6S<Y>O8;Q;8NIPB@FNIQv<?>TPBVW:,CXDB8t8;Gz8;:O6S<YQ;N\Vu8UP^[=>T8GR<Y:,8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<Y:,8;:g[r<sq Q;VW`46BGI8L[a<Y`48;P^[T8oj?<YQY|q VBe
Y
!
CXDB8&QUVW`i6F>TNI`48ADBPS<6fVW>OQ;NvVWq P@F8&GR<,`iN\:T`i<F~Gx8U{8;QL[=V@F8hGR<HQ;VW`46B>O8;:TNvVWq Pt8;:Z8UGn@B8h<YDB`48;P^[a<?>
GIVEQv<?GI`48;P^[=8xGR<0@B8;PB:ONI@S<?@we^<Y6B>OVvKFN\`h<?@S<Y`48;P^[=8nQ;VWPB:g[a<YP^[T8p@B8GR<0PXDBbf8?~ PB<jW8Ul{VW>T`i<Y@S<FeWQVWq `4V
8UjYVWGIDFQ;NIVYPS<AGR<Z698;>O[TDB>TbB<YQ;NvVWq PrW~
<?>=<_DBP:ONI:g[=8;`i<_<YDF[TVWW>=<vjEN\[=<YP^[=8GI<ZQ;VWPB@FNIQ;NvVWq P@B8z8;CXDBN\GINIbF>TNIV:T8z8LKM6B>O8;:=<48;PHGR<d{VW>O`h<Me
" ~
CXDB86FDB8;@B8xNIP^[T8;>T6F>T8U[=<Y>T:O8QUVW`iV0:TNXGI<kG\NI^<?@BDB>=<Y>=<vjEN\[a<?Q;NIVYPS<YGW@B8nGR<p`i<?[=8U>TNR<p:ODB6f8U>=<Y>T<:OD[=8UPB@B8UP $
Q;NI<A<A@BNI:OW>T8U^<Y>T:O8 " Q;DB<YP^[=N\}BQv<Y@S<A69VW> ~nP,8;:g[a<_:TN[=DS<YQUN!VWq PeF8;Gw[T>TN\DBPF{VA@B8yGR<ZY>=<vjW8U@S<Y@H:TVWbB>O8
8;G8U{8UQU[=V,@BN\:TW>O8;^<?@BVW>3@F8ZGR<h698;>g[=DB>ObS<YQUN!VWq PweCEDF8Z[=NI8UPB@B8A<i>T8;QUDB698;>=<?>8;G8UCXDBNIG\NIbB>ONIVBe9Q;VWPF@BDBQ;N\>v|q <
<AGR<A>T8UDBPBNvVWq P,@B8yGR<Y:p6S<?>O[v|q Q;DBGI<Y:;eM8;:0@B8;QUNI>UeB8;GQUVWGR<Y6F:TV_W>=<vjEN\[=<YQ;N\VWPS<YGf@B8yGR<A698;>O[TDB>TbB<YQ;NvVWq Pw~
:O[=<h8;:06B>T8UQ;N\:=<Y`48;P^[=8GR<_:TN[=DS<YQUN!VWq PHCXDB8dPFVW:N\P^[=8;>O8;:T<h8;PPEDF8;:O[T>TV&8U:O[TDB@BNIVh@B8GI<_{VY>T`i<YQ;NvVWq P,@B8
GR<?:p8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:;~
$<HQUVWPB@BN\Q;NvVWq P ~ >O8;6B>O8;:T8UP^[a<8;G8U:O[=<Y@BVJ8UP 8UGxCXDB8i@B8;b9848;PBQUVWP^[=>=<?>T:T8iDBP 698;>g[=DB>ObS<YQUN!VWq Pt6B>TV $
@BDBQUNI@S<_:TVYbB>T8zDBPS<4PEDFbf8?e96B<Y>=<_CXDB8d@B8LjW8UPB^<h8UP8UGQUVWGR<?6B:TV4@B8zGR<A`iN\:T`i<dc,6BDB8U@S<4{VW>O`h<?>T:T8y8UG
VWbEO8L[=V4Q;VW`46S<YQL[=V_CXDB8y8;:0DBPS<A8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<F~
8v<?`iVW:0<YFVW>=<AQ;VY`iV_8LKM6B>O8;:T<Y>GI<AQ;VWPB@FNIQ;NvVWq P ~ 8;P,[M8;q >O`iN\PBVW:p@B8yQ;<YP^[=NI@B<Y@B8;:0`<Yq :p`h<?PBNI6BDFGR< $
bBG\8;:;~
VY>Z:TN\`i6BG\NIQUNI@S<Y@oN\`h<YYNIPB8U`iVW:CXDB8hGR<698;>g[=DB>ObS<YQUN!VWq PCXDB8hQ;VWPB:ONI@B8U>=<Y`4VW:Ue(8;:Z8U:O{v8Uq >TNIQ;<F~.P8U:T8
Qv<?:TVBeSDBPHQ<?q GIQ;DFGIVA@BN\>T8;QL[=V_@B8yGR<A8UPB8;>OS|q <A69VY[=8UPBQ;NI<YGwW>T<!jEN[a<YQUNIVWPS<?GPBVW:k8UPX[T>T8U^<Fe
P PXDB8;:g[=>=<.PXDBb98NI@B8;<YGxGR<Y:djY8;G\VMQUNI@S<Y@F8;:Z@B8hGR<Y:6S<Y>O[v|q QUDBGR<Y::T8&@FNI:O[T>TN\bBDFcW8UP]Q;VW`4VGIV@BNIQL[a<GI<
8;:g[T[=<Y@|q :g[=N\Qv<@F8 J<K n8;G\G $ VWG\[Tl;`i<YPBPwe^@F83`4VM@BVzCXDB83GI<z8UPB8;>OS|q <zQ;N\P8Uq [TNIQv<y`48;@BNI<z@B8GR<Y:*`4NI:O`h<Y:
8;:kN\WDS<YG< c,<Y:;|q 8;:Ue
#
#
#"$&%('
@BVWPF@B8 8U:8;G6f8U:TV`4VWGI8UQ;DBGI<Y>k6B>TVW`48;@FNIV&@B8GR<Y:6S<Y>g[!|q QUDBGR<?:@B8dGR<hPXDBb98Y~ ( ^P [=>OVM@FDBQ;N\8;PB@BV c
8UP ~ :O8zVYbF[=N\8;PB8yGR<Z@F8;:TN\WDS<YG\@S<Y@we
%('
%('
69VW>p:T8U>0GI<A@B8;PB:ONI@S<?@QUVWPB:O[=<YP^[=8?e
"
(
L eS@B8y@BVWPB@F8Ye
~
>T8;QUNIb988UGrPBVW`ZbB>O8@F8 &')(+*,(&-.LeX8;P&FVWPBVW>x<0/W<?`i8U:1/Y8;<YPB:" 32 54 $ 365 CXDBN\8;P
{DB8y8;G6F>TNI`48;>OVA8;PH8;:g[=DB@BNI<Y>p8;:g[=8y[=N\!#6f"%$ VA@B8y6B>OVWbBG\8;`i<Y:;~
8;`4VW:p6BDF8;:0CEDF8GI<ZQ;VWPB@FNIQ;NvVWq P,6S<Y>T<_CXDB8z<YGN\P^[=8;>ONIVW>@B8yDBPS<_PEDFbf8y8;PH8;G`48;@FNIVANIP^[T8;>T8U:O[T8;GR<?>0:O8
6B>OVM@BDFl;Qv<DBPB<&6f8U>O[=DF>TbS<YQUN!VWq P.8UP.GR<h@F8;PB:ONI@S<Y@oCXDB8Z}SPB<YGI`48;P^[=8dQ;VWGI<Y6B:T8cJ:O8AQ;VWP^jENI8U>O[a<8UP.DBPS<
8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<FeY8U:GR<0@B8pCXDB8pGR<0`h<Y:T<3Q;VYPX[T8;PBN\@S<69VW>(GR<06f8U>O[TDB>TbS<?Q;N!VYq PA:T8v<:ODB698;>TN\VW>(<DFPS<`h<?:=<3QU>v|q [TNIQ;<
CXDB8z@B8;698;PB@F8@B8yQ;<YP^[=NI@B<Y@B8;:kQUVW`iV_GI<ZQ;VW`46fVY:TNIQUN!VWq PCXDw|q `iN\Qv<c&Q;VWPB@FNIQ;N\VWPB8U:08UPGI<ZPXDBbf8?~
$<AQ;VWPB@FNIQ;NvVWq P,@B8/Y8v<YPF:0:OVWbB>O8zGI<A`h<Y:T<A@B8yGR<Z698;>O[TDB>TbB<YQ;NvVWq PweB6BDF8;@B8z8LKM6B>O8;:=<?>T:T8z[a<Y`dbBNL8Uq PQ;VW`4V
DBPS<ZQUVWPB@BN\Q;NvVWq P:TVWbF>T88;G9[a<Y`i< PB7 V@B8GR<d`4NI:O`h< " $<Z@B8;PF:TNI@B<Y@8;:g[a<YbBG\8;QU8DBPS<AQ;VWPF8LKMN!VWq P8UP^[=>T8yGI<
`i<Y:=<Zc8UG>=<Y@BN\V eMCXDB8:O8y8LKM6B>T8U:=<48;PHGR<Z{VW>T`i<Fe
"
%('
"
58
,*P]GI<J>T8;<YGIN\@S<Y@ :O8@S<YP GI<Y:dQUVWPB@BN\Q;NIVYPB8;:Z@F8`h<Y:T<c [=<Y`i<9PB7 VPF8;Q;8U:=<Y>ONR<Y:A6B<Y>=<CXDB88UP DBPS<
PXDBb98N\PX[T8;>O8;:O[T8;GI<Y>k:T8y@B8;P6B>TVEQ;8U:TVW:0@B8yQ;VYGR<Y6B:OViY>=<vjEN\[a<?Q;NIVYPS<YGCXDB8y}SPS<?GI`48;P^[=8yQ;VYPB@BDBlUQv<YPJ<4GI<
{VW>O`h<YQUN!VWq P@F8zDFPS<A8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<W^~
G(8;:g[=DB@FNIV,@B8;G`i8U@BNIVN\PX[T8;>O8;:O[T8;GI<Y>;e@B8UG(CXDB8_PBVW:VEQ;DB6B<Y>T8U`iVW:8UPoGR<h:O8;WDBPF@S<H6B<Y>O[T8Ye`ZDB8U:O[T>=<
CXDB838UPhGI<Y:PXDBbf8U:`<Yq :*@B8;PF:=<Y:n@B8;G9`i8U@BNIVyN\PX[T8;>O8;:O[T8;GI<Y>;eXGR<@B8UPB:TN\@S<Y@i8;:@F8DBPFVW: ; :)< Y>nQU`
cAGI<3[=8;`4698;>=< [=DB>T<>TVWPB@B<y69VW>G\VW: 3 :>: ~P48U:O[=<Y:nQUVWPB@BN\Q;N\VWPB8;:G\VW:j?<YG\VW>T8U:Q;>;|q [=N\Q;VW:(@F%= 8;GB[a<?`h< PB7 V
cGI<Z`h<Y:T<A@B8yDBPS<_6f8U>O[=DF>TbS<YQUN!VWq P,CXDB8z6BDB8U@B8QUVWGR<?6B:=<Y>:TVWPwe
$
%('
@?
BA
VWPB@F8J:T8<Y:TDB`4NIV
N\@B>SVYq W8;PBVAcDFP F
W <F~ G~
>CE e8UG698;:OV `iVYGI8;QUDBGR<?>4`48;@FNIVt@B8DBPW<Y:hQUDFc^<`i<Y:=<t8;:iDBP
8;G\NIVB~
?
:DCE:
4 >F
! >4
8U>TVi8;Gw[a<?`h< PB7 VZc,GI<A`h<Y:T<A@B88U:O[=<Y:PXDBb98;:8;:0`h<vcYVW>k<4G\VW:pj?<YGIVW>O8;:p8UPBQ;VWP^[T>=<Y@BVY: "jY8;>0:T8UQ;Q;NvVWq P
~ 6 e^@F80G\VCXDB8k6fVE@B8;`4VW:QUVWPBQ;G\DBNI>CEDF808UPi8UGIGI<Y:(6BDB8U@B8k@S<Y>O:T8k8;GB{8UPkVWq `48;PBVy@B8kQ;VYGR<Y6B:OVNIPB@FDBQ;N\@BV
69VW>DBPH<YY8;P^[=8698;>g[=DB>ObS<Y@BVY>;~53@F8;`<Yq :GR<`h<Y:T<dQ;>;|q [TNIQv<y[=N\8;PB8DFP&jY<?GIVW>nCEDF8:TDB698;>T<ZGR<d`i<Y:=<@B8
DBPS<08;:g[=>T8UGIGI<k[v|q 6BN\Qv< " BA @B8x`iVE@BV0CEDF8GR<?:698;>g[=DB>ObS<YQ;N\VWPB8U:CXDB8QUVWGR<?6B:=<YPz[=N\8;PB8xGR<k6fVY:TNIbFNIGIN\@S<Y@
@B8{VW>O`h<Y>VWbEO8U[TVW:kQ;VWPHQv<?6S<YQ;N\@S<Y@,@B8zQ;VWP^jY8;>O[TNI>O:T8z8;PH8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:;~
<Yb98;`4VW:6BDB8;:ACXDB8h8;P 8;Gn`i8U@BNIVNIP^[=8U>T8U:O[=8UGR<Y>Ue(6B>ONIPBQUNI6S<YG\`i8UP^[=8_8;P GI<Y:d>O8;WN\VWPB8;:`<?q :d@B8UPB:=<Y:Ue
GR<?:iQUVWPB@BN\Q;NIVYPB8;:i8;:O[S<Yq P@S<?@S<Y:h6B<Y>=< CXDB8JDBPS<jY8;lQU>T8v<?@S<Y:&698;>g[=DB>ObS<YQ;N\VWPB8U:;ep8;PGR<@F8;PB:ONI@S<Y@e
@B8_69VW>TQUNIVWPB8U:@B8_PXDBbf8?eQUVWGR<?6B:T8UPocQ;VWPB:g[=N[=DFcW<YP8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<Y:U~A8U>TVJiCXDn8_q 6B>TVEQ;8U:TVW:<Y:g[=>TV?{g|q :TN\Q;VW:
Q;VYPBVMQUNI@BVY:<YQL[=DS<Y>;|q <YPQ;VW`4V&G\VW:3<?W8;P^[=8U:CXDB8ZNIPF@BDBQ;8UP.6f8U>O[TDB>TbS<?Q;NIVYPB8;:8;P.8;G`i8U@BNIV^^~05{VY>O[=D$
PS<Y@B<Y`i8UP^[=8YefPXDB8;:g[=>TVDFPBN\jY8;>T:OVQ;8U>TQv<?P.V&GI8 T<YPBVBerPBV&8U:3[a<?PJ[=>T<YPBCXDBNIG\ViQUVW`4V&6fVE@B>;|q <_6S<Y>T8UQ;8U><
GR<,NIPF:O[a<?PX[=<YPB8;<CXDB8&69VM@F8;`4VW:yVWbB:T8U>Oj?<Y>U~N\8;P^[=VW:@B846B>TVEQ;8U:TVW:Ue(8;PVEQv<?:TNIVYPB8;:`ZDFc.jENIVWG\8;P^[=VY:
8;:g[r<Yq P :=<YQUDB@BNI8UPB@BVQ;VWPB:g[a<YP^[T8;`48;P^[=8&8UG*>T8;GI<?[=Nj?<Y`i8UP^[=8Z[=>T<YPBCXDBN\GIVH`i8U@BNIV,CXDB8hPFVW:>OVM@F8v<F~ PBV
@B8G\VW:`<Yq :p:TN\WPBN\}BQv<?[TN\jWVY:@B88;G\GIVW:GIVZQUVWPB:O[TN\[TDFcW8UPGI<Y:Q;VYPBVMQUNI@S<?:pQ;VW`4V DB698;>OPBV!jY<?:;eBjENIVWG\8;P^[a<?:
8LKM6BG\VW:TN\VWPB8U:p@B8`h< [=8;>ONR<ch8;PB8U>TB|q <ZCXDB8y8;`i<YPS<YP,@B88U:O[=>O8;G\GR<Y:CXDB8y69VW>:OD<vj?<YPBl;<Y@BVAc,<YYVY[a<Y@FV
8;:g[a<Y@w|q V.8UjYVWGIDM[=N\jYVV.69VW>ZGR<?:dQ;VYPB@BNIQUNIVWPF8;:Z@B8h:TD]8;P^[=VY>TPBV.:O8&jMDF8;G\jY8;P]NIPF8;:O[=<YbBG\8;:dc 8LKM6BGIV?[a<YPw~
:O[T84[TNI69VH@F8i6B>OVMQU8;:OVW:@F8iG\VW:yCEDF8iS<?bBGR<Y>O8;`4VW:`<Yq :[a<Y>O@B8_8;P 8U:O[T8iQ;<Y6|q [TDBGIV,:OVWPQ;<Y6S<YQU8;:@B8
698;>O[TDB>TbB<Y>pQ;VWPH8;G:ODF}SQUNI8;P^[T8h|q `i698U[TD8;G`48;@BN\VACEDF8zG\VW:p>TVE@B8;<_8N\PB@BDBQUNI>j?<Y>ONR<YQUNIVWPB8U:GIVEQv<?GI8;:@B8
GR<0@B8;PF:TNI@B<Y@_@B8PXDBb98;:(jW8UQ;N\PS<Y:(8UPA8;GF`48;@FNIVN\PX[T8;>O8;:O[T8;GI<Y>8N\PBNIQUNR<Y><Y:;|q 8UGF6B>OVMQU8;:TVCXDB8}BPS<YGI`48;P^[T8
Q;VYPB@BDBQUNI>S<_q <_GR<d{VW>O`h<?Q;N!VYq P@B8yDBPS<A8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<F~
[=>OV@B8&G\VW:d8L{8;QU[TVW:A698;>O[TDB>TbB<?[=NjWVW:ZQUVWPB:ONI@B8U>=<Y@BVY:;e*GIVQ;VWPB:g[=N[=DFcY8Ye*6fVY>d8 O8U`i6FGIV8UG8;PFQ;DB8UPX[T>TV
@B8iGR<,PEDFbf8&QUVWP VYPB@S<Y:@B8h@B8UPB:TN\@S<Y@ <HW>=<?P 8;:OQv<YGI<Fe(CXDB8i:T8h6F>TVW6S<?^<YP 69VW>z8;GxQ;DB8U>T69V.<YG*CXDB8
698;>O[T8;PB8UQ;8UP " 8UG6BGR<YPFVA@B8DFPS< y<YGI< KMNR<d69VW>p8 O8U`i6FGIV ~**:g[a<Y:0VWPB@B<Y:k@B8y@B8;PB:ONI@S<?@weSPBV4:TVWPHVY[=>T<
Q;VY:=<_CEDF8<?G\[=8U>=<YQUNIVWPF8;:p@B8UGQv<Y`46fVAY>=<vjEN\[a<?Q;NIVYPS<YGYGIVWbS<?GCXDB8y@BVW`4NIPS<ZGI<Z>T8UWN!VWq P,@B8UG8;:O6S<YQ;N\V_8;P
GR<_CXDB8d>O8;:ONI@B8GR<_PEDFbf8Qv<YDB:T<Y@S<Y:6fVY>QUVWPBQ;8UP^[=>=<?Q;NIVYPB8;:NIPXDB:TDB<YGI8U:3@B8z`h< [=8;>ONR<FeBcHCXDB8d<YG$8;P^[=>T<Y>
8;P]QUVWP^[a<YQL[=VoQ;VWP]GI<J`iN\:T`i<JGR<VWbBGIN\^<YP <oQUVW`46B>TN\`iN\>T:T8?~o:O[=8[TNI69V@B8`48;Qv<?PBNI:O`iVW:dS<:TN\@BV
6B>OVW6BDB8U:O[=VdQ;VW`4VdG\VW:*>T8;:O6fVYPB:=<YbFGI8;:@B83GI<y{VW>O`h<?Q;N!VYq P4@F83GIVY:nbB>T<Yl;VY:8;:O6BNI>T<YGI8U:n@F83GR<?:xW<YGR< KMNI<Y:*@B8
8;:g[=8z[=NI69VBerCXDB8dPFV&:TVWPVY[=>T<iQUVW:=<hCXDB8>T8UWNIVWPF8;:0@B8dGI<Y:W<YGR< KMNI<Y:p`iN\:T`i<Y:k@BVWPB@F8d:T8Q;VWPFQ;8;P^[T>=<YP
GR<,`i<!cYVW>;|q <@B8hGI<Y:y8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:`<Yq :yGIDB`4NIPFVW:=<Y: "GR<Y:y`<Yq :BVYq jW8UPB8;: eGIV,CXDB8i>T8UjY8;GI<J:TDtjW8;>O@S<Y@B8U>=<
PS<?[TDB>=<?GI8;l;<3@B8nQ;>TNI<Y@B8U>TVW:(8U:O[T8;GR<?>T8;:U~(GF6F>TVWbBG\8;`i<@B8GR<Y: PB@S<Y:(@F8p8;PB:ONI@S<?@Z8;PZ8UGF6BGI<YPBV@B8GR<?:
^<YGI< KMNR<Y:8;:O6BNI>T<YGI8U:c:TDA8L{8;QU[TV:TVWbF>T8GI<0{VW>O`h<YQUN!VWq Pz@B88U:O[T>T8;G\GR<Y:8;PAGI<Y:`4NI:O`h<Y:Ue?G\V<Yb9VW>O@S<Y>T8U`iVY:
8;PHGR<d[T8;>OQ;8;>T<i6S<?>O[=8@F8;G$GIN\bB>TVB~
G6B>TVEQ;8U:TV_`48;@BNI<YP^[=88;GQ;DS<YGDFPS<A6fVW>OQ;NvVWq P6f8U>O[TDB>TbS<?@S<A@B8yPEDFbf8?eS:T8yQ;VWPFQ;8;P^[T>=<Ac:T8yQ;VYPXjEN\8;>O[T8
}SPS<?GI`48;P^[=8Z8UPoDBPS<8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<FeWDB<Y>T@S<<?GIWDBPFVW::T8UQ;>O8U[=VY:zCXDB8_@B8Ubf8U`iVY:8LKF<Y`4NIPS<Y>8;Pt<YG\DBq PJ@B8 $
[a<?GIGI8?~
$<Z{ <Y:T8yNIPFNIQ;NI<YG9@B8y8;:O[T8y6B>TVEQ;8U:TVBeS>O8;Q;N\bf88UGPBVW`ZbF>T8@B8yQ;VYGR<Y6B:OV_NI:TV?[M8;q >O`iN\Q;VB~P8UGIGR<ZGI<Z8;PB8U>TB|q <
[M8Uq >T`4NIQ;<<Y@BCXDBN\>TNI@B<6fVW>dGR<PXDBb98H69VW>Z8L{8;QL[=Vo@B8;GpQUVWGR<?6B:TV.W>T<vjMN[a<YQUNIVWPB<YG 8U:4>T<Y@BNI<Y@S<J:ONIP]@BN $
}SQUDBG\[=<Y@ " GR<`i<?[=8U>TNI<&<H8U:O[=<Y:y@B8;PB:ONI@S<?@B8;:yc[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DF>=<Y:8U:bS<?:O[a<?PX[T8A[=>=<?PB:T6S<?>T8;P^[T8 GIVCXDB8
698;>T`4N\[T8pCXDB8kGR<PXDBbf8kQUVWPB:T8U>OjY838;P48;GS6F>TVEQ;8;:OVdDBPB<[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<y<Y6F>TVvKMNI`i<Y@S<Y`48;P^[=8pQUVWPB:g[a<YP^[=8?~
53GQUVWPBQU8;P^[=>T<Y>T:O8hGR<PXDBb98YeGR<@B8UPB:TN\@S<Y@t@B8_GR<`iN\:T`i<&Q;>O8;Q;8_c.8UG*j?<YG\VW>QU>v|q [TNIQUVH@F84GI<`h<Y:T<@B8
#
#
!"
#$
% '()
*+, -./
$01)!*21 3421#.% 5687:91;8<1*=56*
3,>/?@
#$
%
)!)A(4B
=#!21#C! =*
D5"
#$ <&566+, EF
#!$(& % "
)!
B*G& *H(#C F!E
2*H#=)
IG#!&
J
#$
& % 4)% #56*<
#$
& % "*H
KB% )!*6K #=):& % B>
2
/Y8v<?PB:;e " ?
.<
e$@B8;QU>T8;QU8Y~:g[=848U{8;QL[=VH6B>TV!jYVMQ;<HCXDB84NIPBFVW`iVYW8;PB8UNI@S<?@B8;:y<YGN\P^[=8;>ONIVW>3@B8
GR<,698;>O[TDB>TbB<YQ;NvVWq P 8UP Q;VWGI<Y6B:OV " CXDB8i8;PDFP 6B>ONIPBQUNI6BN\VH[T8;P|q <YP `i<Y:=<?:N\PF{8;>ONIVW>O8;:z<GI<HQU>v|q [TNIQ;< @B8
:fDBq bFN\[=Vh:T8_S<Y^<?P.:T8;PF:TNIbFGI8;:y<?G(Q;VWGI<Y6B:OV8ANIPB@B8U6f8UPB@BN\8;P^[=8U`i8UPX[T8_NIPBN\Q;NI8UP:TDo6B>OVW6BN\V6B>TVEQ;8U:TVB~ 8
{VW>O`h<YPt<Y:;|q <YGNIP^[=8U>TN\VW>@B8_GR<,PXDBbf8?e YW>TDB`4VW: 8UPQUVWGR<Y6F:TVBeQv<Y@B<HDBPFV@B84GIVY:zQUDS<YG\8;:{VW>T`i<Y>B< q
NIPF@BN\jENI@FDS<YGI`48;P^[T8A`<Yq :[=<Y>T@B84DBPS<H8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<,N\PB@BNjMN\@BDS<YG ~i5 8;:g[=84{8;PkVWq `48;PFV:O8hGIV,QUVWPBVEQ;84Q;VW`4V
{>=<?W`i8UP^[a<YQUN!VWq PZ@F8pGR<PXDBb98cZ8LKM6BG\NIQ;<6fVW>CEDn80q GI<3`i<!cYVW>;|q <3@B8pGI<Y:(8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y:(QUVWPBVEQ;NI@B<Y:(:T8p{VW>O`h<?P
<YW>ODB6S<Y@B<Y:Q;VWP VY[T>=<Y:h@B8o:TD `iN\:T`i<QUGR<Y:O8Y~:,69VW:TN\bBGI8J<Y:v|q 8KM6BGIN\Qv<Y>&8UGVW>TN\W8;P@B8oQ;DB8U>T69VW:
<Y:g[=>TV?{g|q :TN\Q;VW:nQ;VW`4VAGIVY:QDBq `dDBGIVW:n@B88;:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y:;eM`ZDFciQ;VWPFVMQUNI@BVW:6fVW><?}SQ;N\VWPS<Y@FVW:nch6B>TVY{8U:TN\VWPS<YG\8;:;~
G$6B>TVEQ;8U:TV&@B8y{>=<?W`i8UP^[a<YQUN!VWq PHPBVh8U:3:ONIPH8;`ZbS<?>TWViNIPB@B8L}SPBN\@BVB~pPJ@F8U[=8U>T`4NIPS<?@S<Y:0Q;VWPB@FNIQ;N\VWPB8U:
@B8&[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<c@F8;PB:ONI@S<Y@ "CEDF8HB<YP]Q;>T8UQ;N\@BVo8;P]8;G6F>TVEQ;8;:OV <?PX[T8;>ONIVW> :T8N\PBNIQUNR<JVY[T>=<J{ <Y:O8
@B8UGpQ;VWGI<Y6B:TVo@B8,GI<oPXDBb98Ym,GI<.{ <?:T8,53@BNI<Ybk<?q [TNIQ;<F~ Pu8U:O[=<t69VW>TQUN!VWq P]@B8,GI<BNI:g[=VW>ONR<@B8,GR<.PXDBb98
8;PtQ;VYGR<Y6B:OV,GR<&VW6S<?Q;NI@B<Y@.@B8_GR<&`i<?[=8U>TNI<&CEDF84GI<&Q;VWPF:O[=N[=DFcY8i:O8_S<YQ;8A[=<YPoW>=<YPF@B8_CEDF8i<?BVW>=<GI<
>=<?@BNR<YQUN!VWq PtGIN\bf8U>=<Y@B<H69VW>z8;G6F>TVEQ;8;:OV@B8iQv<YG\8;P^[a<Y`4NI8UP^[=VJN\PB@BDBQUNI@BV6fVY>8UGnQUVWGR<Y6F:TV8U:Z<?[T>=<Y6S<?@S<
Q;VYPX[T>TN\bBDFcW8UPB@BV4<ZDBP,Q;>O8;QUNI`4NI8;P^[TVZ>S<Yq 6FNI@BVA@B83GR<[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<Z@B8GI<dPXDBb98`iN\:T`i<F~(G<YDF`i8UPX[TV
8;PoGI<i[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<FewCXDB8_<Y6B<Y>T8UQ;8Z[a<?`ZbBNL8Uq PQ;VY`iVDBPB<&Q;VWP^[=>ONIbBDFQ;N!VYq P.NI`46fVW>g[a<YP^[T88UPtGI<h@B8L[=8;> $
`4NIPS<YQUN!VWq P@B8;GnjY<?GIVW>@B8&GR<`i<Y:T<JQ;>;|q [=N\Qv<J@F8 /Y8v<YPB:Ue*Q;VWP^[=>T<Y>T>O8;:g[a<.8;G[=<Y`ZbBNL8;q P <?DB`i8UP^[=V.@B8GI<
@B8UPB:TN\@S<Y@HQv<Y`ZbFNR<YPB@FVADBP69VEQ;V_8;Gw{DF[TDB>TV4@B8yGR<?:p6f8U>O[=DF>TbS<YQUNIVWPF8;:k`<?q : WGINjMNI<YPS<Y: B~
PGR<y{ <Y:T8<?@BNR<Ybp<?q [=N\Qv<@F8;GQUVWGR<?6B:TVBeEGR<y[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<dQ;>O8;QU8Q;VWPGI<@B8UPB:TN\@S<Y@69VW>`48;@BN\Vd@B83DBPS<
GI8LchbFNI8;PQUVWPBVEQ;N\@S<Z6S<Y>T<dGIVW:^<Y:T8U:pNI@B8;<YGI8U: " DFP:TDB6BDF8;:O[TViCXDB8B<YQ;8U`iVW:p>O8;:O6f8UQU[=V4<YGfVWbEO8L[=VACXDB8
8;:g[a<Y`4VW:k8;:g[=DB@FNR<YPB@FV e
$
'
<
@?
'
"
:.CE:6
'
=)D #=)8 !II)!58(#C1)#C
D,!
* , )C 21H,#!.E ,#
8,676<G
)!56
#)!#C 6 B A 56:3,#:&% " '58,H.B '*#(% $
< ,5 %
0)!.3 #!*=)!
0)!'3, !
I#) <456 +046#!*5 B*.%
K2K% * >
#
#
:.C BA
! 6
6S<Y>T<,GI<PEDFbf8_8;Pt8;:g[=848;:g[a<Y@BVFe
!>:
M
ZA
log L
S
Fase de
pre-secuencia
principal
Va
de Hayashi
Nacimiento
protoestrella
- log T
\N WDB>=< ~ m >=<vcW8UQU[TVW>TNI<d8UjYVWGIDF[TN\j?<@F8DBPS<d8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<y@B8;:O@B8:TDF:6B>TN\`i8U>TVW:x8;:g[a<Y@FNIVW:nS<Y:O[=<Z<YG\Qv<YP $
lv<?>k}BPS<YGI`48;P^[T8GR<Z:T8UQ;DB8UPBQ;NI<i6B>ONIPBQUNI6S<?G~
@B84^<Y:yco6fVYG\jWVHCXDB84>T8U[TNI8UPB8;P8U}SQUNI8;P^[T8;`48;P^[=8iGR<,>=<Y@BNI<YQ;NvVWq Po8;`4N\[TNI@S<&@B8U:T@B8i:TD:TDB698;>g}SQ;N\8Y~,$<
8;PF8;>TB|q <H[T>=<YPF:T69VW>O[=<Y@S<J69VW>z@BNIQaS<H>=<Y@FNR<YQUN!VWq Pt8;:ZDM[=NIG\NIl;<Y@S<6S<Y>T<@B8U:O[=>ODBNI>GIVW:zW>T<YPBVW:@B8h69VWG\jYV
8;P,GI<Y:jW8UQ;N\PB@S<Y@B8U:@F8GR<d6B>OVY[=VE8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<FeM{VY>T`i<YPB@BVZDFPS<A>T8;YN!VWq PCXDB8GI<Z>TVE@B8v<A<AGR<CEDF8z:O8GIGI<Y`h<
8;GxNIP^[T8;>Oj?<YG\V,@B8hVW6B<YQ;N\@S<Y@w~ <?q :Z<YG\G!<q @B8h8U:=<J>O8;WNvVWq PtGR<,>=<Y@BNI<YQ;NvVWq Po{DB8;>g[=8;`48;P^[T8h`48;PBWDB<Y@S<8U:
<YbB:OVW>TbFNI@S<Z69VW>G\VW:W>T<YPBVW:p@B869VWGjWVA@B8GI<ZPEDFbf8y6S<Y>T<Z:T8U>p>T8;8U`iN[=N\@S<d8;P,GI<d{VW>T`i<d@B8>T<Y@BNR<?Q;N!VYq P
NIPM{>=<Y>O>TV T<ZCXDB8y}SPS<YG\`i8UP^[=88;:OQv<Y6B<4@B8U:T@B8zGR<A@B8UPBVW`4NIPS<?@S<d{VY[=VY:O{8;>T<A@B8y6fVWGjWVB~
VWPF{VY>T`488;GQUDB8;>O6fV_>T8UQ;NL8;q P{VW>T`i<Y@BVd8UjWVYGIDBQUNIVWPS<MeB:TD,GIDF`iN\PBVW:TN\@S<Y@hci[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<Z8U{8UQU[=Nj?<_:O8
jW8UP4<?{8;QL[a<Y@BVY:(@B8n[=<YGF`i<YPB8U>=<0CEDF8p:TDA69VW:TN\Q;N!VYq Pd:TVYbB>T88UGF@BNI<YW>T<Y`h< j?<Y>;|q <@B8`iVE@BV3QUVWPBVEQ;N\@BV
" QUVW`4V4G\VA`ZDB8U:O[=>T<4GI<d}SWDB>T<
~ ~
P8LjW8UPX[TV_NI`46fVW>g[a<YP^[T808UP8;G9[=8;`46B>T<YPBVZ6B>OVMQU8;:OVZCXDB8jEN\jW83GR<8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<z@B8UjENI8UPB8Q;DB<YPB@BVZGI<z[T8;` $
698;>=< [=DB>T<iNIP^[T8;>TN\VW>kS<hQU>T8;QUNI@BViGIVi:TDF}SQUNI8UPX[T8Z6S<Y>T<iCXDB8d<YGIWDFPBVW:0@B8dG\VW:8UGI8U`i8UPX[TVW:3`<Yq :06f8U:=<Y@FVW:
6B>O8;:T8UP^[=8;:d8;P 8UGIGI<,8U`i6FNI8;lU8;P<698;>O@B8;>z8;P <YbBDBPB@B<YPBQ;NI<H`dDBQaBVW:z@B84:TDB:8;GI8UQU[T>TVWPB8U:;~VW:z8;G\8;Q $
[=>OVWPB8U:dGIN\bB>T8U:y:TVWPQv<Y6F[TDB>=<?@BVW:z6fVW><?[T`iVW:yPB8UDF[=>OVW:d@F8 NI@B>BVWq W8;PFV@BN\:T69VWPBN\bBGI8U:z8UPGR<`i<?[=8U>TNI<
8;:g[=8UGR<Y>6S<Y>=<k{VW>T`i<Y>8;GEN!VWq P < ~<0`h< [=8;>ONR<0>TNIQ;<8UPZ8;:g[a<:TDF:O[a<?PBQ;NI<3:T8jEDB8UG\jY8p<YG\[=<Y`48;P^[=8xVW6S<YQ;<
Q;>O8v<YPF@BVANIPB`48;PF:TVW:nW>=<Y@FNI8;P^[T8;:@B8[=8;`4698;>=< [=DB>T<d8;P8UGQ;DF8;>T69VACXDB8Q;VYPB@BDBQU8;PH<dGR<<Y6S<Y>ONIQUN!VWq Pi@B8
NIPF8;:O[=<YbBN\GINI@B<Y@B8;:0Q;VYPXjY8;QL[=N\j?<Y:UeCXDB8A8;P.DBPB<&8U[a<?6S<&Q;>;|q [=N\Qv<46BDB8;@F8;Pt<?{8;QL[a<Y>3GR<h8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<h8UP.:TD[=V $
[a<?GINI@B<Y@w~4DB>=<?PX[T8i8U:O[=<H{ <Y:O8i@B84:TDtjENI@S<,GR<,6B>TV?[=VE8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<Me:TDF{>O8hQv<?`ZbBNIVY:NI`46fVW>g[a<YP^[T8;:y8;P:TD
<Y:O6f8UQU[=VA8KE[=8;>ONIVW>m(:TD&[T8;`48;698;>T<?[=DB>T<8L{8;QU[TN\j?<dQU>T8;QU8GI8LjW8;`48;P^[T8`iN\8;P^[=>T<Y:x:TDGIDF`iN\PBVW:TN\:T@S<?@iQ;<Y8
:TDF:O[a<?PBQ;NI<YGI`48;P^[=8?~o$<8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<@B8;:OQ;NI8UPB@B88UPs8UG6B>OVMQU8;:OVt69VW>DBPS<J[=>T<vcW8;QL[=VW>ONR<8LjWVWG\DF[=NjY<Qv<Y:ON
jW8U>O[TNIQv<?GCEDF8zG\VW:k<Y:g[=>TV?{g|q :TN\Q;VW:pG\GR<Y`i<YP |q <Z@B8 <!cW<Y:TFN " 8;>p}SWDF>=< ~ ~
53P^[T8;:ZV@B8;:O6BDn8;q :d@B8i}SPB<YGIN\lv<Y@BVH8;Gx@B8U:TQ;8UPB:TV.69VW>z:TD jf|q <@B8 <vc^<Y:OBNxGR<,8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<H8;PDFPS<H{ <Y:O8
@BN\:O[=N\P^[a<@B8k:TD46B>ONI`4NIW8UPBNR<k8UjYVWGIDBQUN!VWq P,m8;`46BNI8Ulv<:TD4>T8UQ;VW>O>TN\@BV}SPS<YGBCXDB8kG\VGIGI8Lj?<Y>=<<?GB8;:g[a<Y@BN\Vy@B8
6B>OVWGIVWPF^<Y@S<d8U:O[=<YbBNIG\NI@S<?@h@B8UGwCXDB8yWVWlv<?PGR<Y:8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<Y:PBVW>T`i<YG\8;:;~5GIVW:VWbEO8U[TVW:pCXDB8y<?[T>=<vjENI8;:T<YP
!
#
#
vF
8;:g[a<A{ <Y:T8y:O8zG\VW:pQ;VYPBVMQU8yQ;VW`4V4*:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y:p@B8y6B>O8;:T8UQ;DB8UPBQ;NI<i6B>ONIPBQUNI6S<?G~
GSQ;>O8;Q;N\8;P^[=80NIPFQ;>T8U`i8UP^[=Vz@B8GI<3[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<zQU>T8;<zGI<Y:Q;VWPF@BNIQUNIVWPB8U:x<Y@B8;QUDS<Y@S<?:n8UPi8UGSNIP^[=8U>TNIVY>@B8
GR<8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<6S<Y>T<zCXDB8k[=8UPB^<YP4GIDBW<Y>*<YGIYDBPBVW:@B8kG\VW:*6B>TVEQ;8U:TVW:x@B8p{DB:TNvVWq P4PEDFQ;GI8;<Y>*CXDB80[T8;>O`iN\PS<Y>S<?q P
<YG\NI`48;P^[a<YPF@BVGR<8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<M~ pN\8;PB8.G\DB^<Y>h8;P 8;G\GR< 69VW>&8 O8;`46BGIVGI<>T8;<YQ;QUN!VWq P CXDB8oNIP^jYVWGIDBQU>=<GI<
{DB:ON!VWq Pt@B8hDFP P3DBq QUGI8;VH@B84@B8;DM[=8;>ONIVHcoDBP 6B>OVY[rVYq P Q;VYP GR<&{VW>O`h<?Q;N!VYq Pt@F8iDBPFVJ@B8 8;G\NIV ~:g[a<
>T8;<YQ;QUN!VWq PdCEDF8p6BDB8;@F8pVMQUDB>T>ONI><[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<Y:(`48;PBVY>T8;:(<3GR<Y:>T8UCEDF8;>TN\@S<Y:(6B<Y>=<3CXDB8p8UGF6B>OVMQU8;:OV@B8
{DB:ON!VWq P.QUVW`i6FGI8U[TV&@B8UG NI@F>SVWq W8UPBVh[T8;PB^<G\DB^<Y>Uef[=>T<Y8AQ;VY`iVQUVWPB:T8UQ;DB8UPBQ;NI<H8UG(>T8U8;:g[a<YbBG\8;QUNI`4NI8;P^[TV
@B8k>T8UWNIVYPB8;:*@B8k[=>T<YPB:T69VW>g[=8k>=<Y@FNR<?[TN\jWV8UPiGI<6B>T8LjMNI<6B>TVY[TVM8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<@BVW`4NIPB<Y@S<69VW>GR<Q;VYPXjY8;QUQ;N!VYq Pw~
$<h8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<h:=<?GI8Z<?:vq @B8Z:TDjfq <h@B8 <!cW<Y:TFNcJ8U`i6FNI8;l;<h:TD.>O8;QUVW>T>ONI@BV&B<YQ;NI<i8;G8;:g[a<YbBG\8;QUNI`4NI8;P^[TV
@B8L}SPBN\[TN\jYV4@F8;G8;CXDBN\GI| N\bB>TN\VB~ |
DS<YPF@BVGI<3[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<Q;8UPX[T>=<YGS@F80GI<8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<:T8kS<NIPBQU>T8U`i8UPX[=<Y@BVyGIV:ODF}SQUNI8;P^[T8YeEGIVW:(6F>TVEQ;8;:OVW:
Q;VY`i6BG\8U[TVW:@B8x{DB:TNvVWq PZ@B8GIVW:PDBq Q;G\8;VW:@B8 NI@B>BVWq W8;PFV6S<Y>T<{VW>T`i<Y> 8UGIN\V "6B6weX eY8U`i6BN\8;l;<YP
<{DBPBQ;N\VWPS<Y>B<Y:O[=<CXDB80:T808;:O[=<YbBG\8;Q;80Q;VY`i6BG\8U[=<Y`i8UP^[=8p8;GS8UCXDBNIG\NIbB>ONIVcAPXDB8U:O[=>OVZVWbEO8L[=Vz:T80@B8U[TNI8UPB8
[=8U`i69VW>T<YGI`48;P^[=8h8;P]DBPS<o6fVY:TNIQUN!VWq P @F8U}SPBN\@S<.@B8;G@BNR<YY>=<Y`i< ye(@B8L[=8U>T`4NIPS<Y@B<o69VW>Z8UGpQv<Y`4NIPFV
6B>O8UjENIV_CXDB8zS<A>T8;QUVW>T>ONI@BVFeS<4:ODHjY8;lz@B8;698;PF@BNI8UPX[T88KMQ;GIDF:TN\j?<Y`48;P^[T8z@F8zGI<Z`h<?:=<_<YQ;>O8U[=<Y@S<F~
G3QUVWP ODBP^[=V @F8.6BDBP^[=VW::OVWbB>O88;G@BNR<YY>=<Y`i< CXDB8.QUVWPB:O[TN\[TDFcW8UP 8UG}SPB<YG3@B8JGR< 8LjWVWG\DBQ;NvVWq P
6B>O8;:T8UQ;DB8UPBQ;NI<6B>TN\PBQ;N\6S<YGX@B8PXDB8U:O[=>T<8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<czCEDF8p@B8U}SPF8;P_GR<06fVW:ONIQUN!VWq P@B8U}SPFN\[=Nj?<Fe?69VW>GIV3`48;PFVW:
@BDB>T<YP^[=8z:TD8;:O[=<YbBG\8zjENI@B<4<?@BDBG\[=<FeS@B8zGR<A8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<A8;PJ8UG$@BNR<YY>=<Y`i<Z:T8 PB7 <YGR<Y@FVBeF{VW>O`h<YP,DBPB<4QUDB>Oj?<
<AGR<ACXDB8y:T8z@S<A8;GPBVY`ZbB>T8y@B8 8UQ;DB8UPBQ;NI<i>ONIPBQUNI6S<YG@B8z*@B<Y@8U>TV "5 ~
Gw[=N\8;`46fVACXDB8yQ;VYPB:TDB`48zDBPS<A6f8UCXDB8 PS7 <_6f8U>O[TDB>TbS<?Q;N!VYq P<?GNIP^[=8U>TNIVY>@B8yDBPS<_>T8UWN!VWq P&{>T<YW`48;P^[a<?@S<
@B8nDBPS<PXDBb986B<Y>=<0Q;VWP^jW8U>O[TNI>T:O88;PdDBPS<8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<k@B8GI<0:O8;QUDB8;PBQUNR<6B>ONIPBQUNI6S<?G^@B8;698;PB@F8{DB8;>g[=8U`i8UPX[T8
@B8pGI<3`h<?:=<3QUVWP^[=8;PFNI@S<8;P_GI<36f8U>O[TDB>TbS<?Q;N!VYq PweW@B8[=<YGF`4VM@FVCXDB8pGIVW:W>TDF`iVW:`<Yq :GIN\jENI<YPBVW::TDF{>ONI>T<YP
6B>OVMQU8;:TVY:(8UjYVWGIDF[TN\jYVW:(`<Yq :G\8;P^[=VW:CXDB8p<YCXDB8UGIGIVY:Q;VY>T>T8U:T69VWPB@BN\8;P^[=8U:*<3GIVY:W>ODB`4VW:CXDB8p<?Q;>T8L[=8UPADBPS<
`i<!cYVW>pQv<?PX[TNI@S<?@@B8y`i<?[=8U>TNI<F~
5 `4VM@BV@F808 O8;`46BGIVFeW8;P4GR<3[=<YbBGR< ~ :T8k6B>T8U:T8UPX[=<GI<@BDB>=<?Q;N!VYq P4Qw<Yq GIQUDBGR<?@S<3@B8kGR<3{ <?:T8k@B8k8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<
@B8y6B>O8;:T8UQ;DB8UPBQ;NI<i6B>ONIPBQUNI6S<?G~
!^
Transporte
radiativo
Produccin
de energa
Transporte
convectivo
v W
DBPS<48;:g[=>T8UGIGI<48U:O[a<?bBGI8 698;>g[=8;PF8;Q;8UPo<4GI<4@F8;PBVW`4NIPB<Y@S<_:T8;QUDB8;PFQ;NR<i6B>TN\PBQ;N\6S<YG$<YG[a<F~<_8;:g[=>ODBQU[TDB>=<
@B8yGR<?:8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<Y:p8;PH8;:g[=8y>=<YPFWVA@B8y`h<?:=<A@BN\}B8;>T8QUVWPB:ONI@B8U>=<YbBG\8;`48;P^[=8@F8zGI<Y:QUVW>T>O8;:T69VWPB@FNI8;P^[T8d<YG
<YP^[=8U>TN\VW>3W>ODB69VB~z<Y>T<&8;`46f8Ulv<Y>Uew8;Po:TDF:PDBq Q;G\8;VW::T8A>T8UWNI:g[=>T<YP[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<Y::ODF}SQ;N\8;P^[=8U`i8UP^[=8
<YG[a<Y:QUVW`4V46B<Y>=<A698;>T`4N\[TNI>nCEDF8z8UGQ;N\Q;GIV4 D :T8;<46F>TNIPFQ;NI6B<YG>O8;:T69VWPB:T<YbBG\8z@F8zGI<Z6B>TVE@BDBQUQ;NvVWq P,@B8
8;PF8;>TB|q <y8;P&GI<z8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<F~$VY:nN\PB`i8UPB:TVY:nW>T<Y@BN\8;P^[=8U:@B8k[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<z>O8;WN\:O[T>=<Y@BVY:n8UP&8;GrQ;8UP^[=>TVd@B8
8;:g[=8[TNI69V@F88;:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y:;e Qv<?DB:=<Y@FVW:(69VW>GI<k{DF8;>O[T8@B8U6f8UPB@B8UPBQ;NI<3CXDB8[=N\8;PB8xGR<pjW8UGIVEQ;N\@S<Y@d@F8GR<?:>O8v<YQ $
Q;N\VWPB8U:p8;P,8;GwQUNIQUGIV4 J Q;VWP,GI<[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T< " DBP,698;CXDB8 PF7 V4Q;<Y`ZbBN\VA8;P,GR<z[=8;`4698;>=< [=DB>T<4< {8;QU[=<
Q;VYPB:TN\@B8;>T<YbBGI8U`i8UP^[=83GI<>T<?[a<d@F86B>TVE@BDBQUQ;NvVWq Ph@B838;PB8U>TS|q <d6fVY>n8U:O[=8QUNIQUGIV eEB<YQ;8UP`i8UQ<Yq PBN\Qv<Y`48;P^[T8
NIPF8;:O[=<YbBG\83GR<z`h< [=8;>ONR<zCEDF8<YGIG|q >T8;:ONI@B8?eFG\VZCXDB8:T83`h<YPFN\}S8U:O[a<Q;VWPGI<d<Y6S<?>TNIQUN!VWq Pi@B8DBPB<d>T8UWN!VWq Ph@B8
Q;VYPXjY8;QUQ;N!VYq P.CEDF8d:T88LKE[=N\8;PB@F8Z@B8;:O@B8Z8UGQU8;P^[=>OV`iN\:T`4V_@B8dGI<48U:O[=>O8;G\GR<_S<Y:O[=<hGR<?:>O8;WN\VWPB8;:0@BVWPF@B8
PBV_8;:069VW:TN\bBGI8Y8;PB8U>=<Y>k8U}BQ;NI8UP^[=8;`48;P^[T88UPB8;>OS|q <F~ <Yq :0<YGIGv<dq @B8y8;:g[=8zG |q `4N\[T80c&S<Y:O[=<AGR<A:TDB698;>g}SQ;N\8
`4NI:T`i<d@B8zGR<Z8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<FeFGR<Z8;PF8;>TB|q <A8;:p[=>T<YPB:O6fVW>g[a<Y@B<_69VW>k>=<?@BNR<YQUN!VWq P~
PdGI<p}BWDB>=< ~ :T8x`ZDB8U:O[T>=<DFPS<0>O8;6B>O8;:O8;P^[a<YQUN!VWq P8;:OCEDF8;`<?q [=N\Qv<k@B8nGI<p8;:O[T>TDBQL[=DB>T<@B8xGR<?:8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:
[a<?PX[TV_@B8yGR<A:T8UQ;DB8UPBQ;NI<i6B>ONIPBQUNI6S<YGfbS<T<_Q;VW`4VA@B8yGR<A:O8;Q;DFPBQ;NI<46B>ONIPBQUNI6S<?Gw<YG[a<F~
N\8;P^[=>T<Y:38UG NI@B>BVWq W8UPBVh:O8d8;PFQ;DB8UPX[T>T8Z8UPGR<_Q;VYPBQ;8UPX[T>=<YQUN!VWq PHcHQv<YP^[=N\@S<Y@J<Y@B8;QUDS<Y@S<i6S<Y>=<4:TDB6FGINI>
GR<?:PB8;QU8;:ONI@S<Y@F8;:y8;PB8U>T8Lq [=N\Qv<Y:@B8dDBPS<8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<h`h<?@BDB>=<MeGR<&8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<h:O8A`h<?PX[TNI8UPB8Z8;P.DFPt8U:O[=<Y@BV
<YG[a<Y`48;P^[=8z8;:g[a<YbFGI8d8UP.8;GCXDB8A6S<Y:T<hGR<4`h<vcWVY>36S<Y>g[=8@B8Z:TDjMN\@S<F~ NIP8U`ZbS<Y>OWVhGI<iQUVW`ZbBDB:g[=NvVWq P
@B8UGBNI@B>BVWq W8UPBVAjY<_Q;VYPB:TDB`4NI8UPB@BV4GI8UPX[=<Y`48;P^[=8yGR<?:p>T8;:O8;>gjY<?:@B8yGI<_8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<F~5 `48;@BN\@S<ACXDB88U:O[=<Y:
>T8U:T8U>Oj?<Y::T8<YWVY[=<YPcGR<08;PB8U>TSq <36B>TVE@BDBQUNI@S<PBV8;::TDF}SQUNI8UPX[T8p6S<Y>T<3:TVW:g[=8UPB8;>OGR<Fe^G\8;P^[a<Y`48;P^[T88;GMNIP $
[=8U>TN\VW> " {DBPB@S<Y`48;P^[=<YGI`48;P^[=8nGR<0| >T8;YN!VWq PZPXDBQUGI8;<Y> :TDF{>O8pDBPS<3:O8;>TN\8@B8Q;<Y`ZbBN\VW:8UPA:TDZ[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<Fe
[a<?`h< PB7 VFeECXDB8[T8;>O`iN\PS<YPh`i<YPBN{8;:g[r<Yq PB@FVW:T80}SPS<YG\`i8UPX[T88;PGI<Y:6B<Y:TNjY<?:8;P^jYVWG\[TDB>=<Y:p8KE[=8;>ONIVW>O8;:UeBNIP $
@BDBQUNI8UPB@BVQ;<Y`ZbBN\VW:8UPGR<HGIDB`4NIPFVW:TN\@S<Y@.ctGR<H[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<H8U{8UQU[=Nj?<J@B8hGI<8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<,`iN\:T`i<F~5
DBPS<Z8KE[=>T8U`h<?@S<Y`48;P^[=8bB<T<Z>=<Y6FNI@B8Ul3GR<8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<8;`46BNI8Ulv<Z<Z<?bS<YPB@BVYPS<Y>:ODGIDB^<?>VW>ONIWN\PS<YGS8;P,GI<
5 "@B8;:O6BGR<?l<Yq PB@FVW:T8yGI8LjW8U`i8UPX[T8yS<YQ;NI<A<Y>T>ONIbS< eF@FNI>TN\WNL8Uq PB@BVW:O8<AGR<d>O8;WNvVWq P@B8UG@BNR<YY>=<Y`i<
CXDB8zVMQUDB6S<Y>B<_q @FDB>=<YP^[T8z:OD:ONIWDFNI8;P^[T8y{ <?:T8Ym*GI<djW8 O8UlY~
:O[T8AGI8UjY8dcPS<?[=DF>=<YG@B8;:O6BGR<?lv<Y`4NI8UPX[TV&CXDB8A:TDM{>T8;P.GI<Y:38U:O[T>T8;G\GR<Y:@BDB>T<YP^[=8A:TDjEN\@S<&<Y@BDFG\[a<i:TVWbB>O8
8;G@BNR<?W>=<Y`i< ze98;:8UG6B>ONIPBQUNI6S<?G>O8;:T69VWPB:T<YbBG\8Z6fVY>3GR<h<YPBQaXDB>=<&}SPFN\[a<4@B8AGR<4:T8UQ;DB8UPBQ;NI<,6F>TNIPFQ;N $
6S<YGVYbB:T8U>Oj?<Y@S<F~4Po[=8;VY>v|q <Me:TNPBN\PBDBq P.Qv<?`ZbBNIV:O8i6F>TVE@BD O8;>T<@BDB>=<?PX[T8_GR<&{ <Y:T8_@B8_QUVW`ZbBDB:g[=NvVWq P
@B8UGBNI@B>BVWq W8UPBVBeGR<&:O8;QUDB8;PBQUNR<H6B>TN\PBQ;N\6S<YGCXDB8i<Y6S<?>T8;QU8;>;|q <Q;DS<?PB@BVH:T8_6fVYPB8;Pt:TVWbF>T8_8;G@BNI<YW>T<Y`h<
8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y:3@F8ADBPS<&`ZDB8U:O[T>=<<YG\8v<?[TVW>TNI<4@B8Ubf8U>v|q <i[=8UPB8;>DBP.Y>TVW:OVW>Qv<?:TNPXDBG\V " DBPB<&6f8UCEDF8)PS7 <&@BN{8;> $
8;PFQ;NR<8;P^[=>O8GR<z6fVW:ONIQUN!VWq Pi@B8GR< 5 eMQUVW>T>O8;:T69VWPB@FNI8;P^[T8y<@BN\:O[=N\P^[=VW:xjY<?GIVW>O8;:@F83GR<zQ;VW`469VW:TN\Q;N!VYq P
CXD|q `4NIQ;<Z8;:p[a<?`ZbBNL8Uq P,8;:T698;>T<Y@BV ~
VW`4V&[=VE@BV,<YCXDB8UGIGIV>O8;GI<YQ;N\VWPS<Y@BVhQ;VWPoGR<hjEN\@S<&@B8_GR<Y:38;:O[T>T8UGIGR<MewGR<&@BDF>=<YQUN!VWq P.@B8UG(6B>OVMQU8;:TVH8;Po8UG
Q;DB<YG*DBPS<8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<,`h<?@BDB>=<H<YbS<?PB@BVWPS<HQ;VW`46BG\8U[a<?`i8UPX[T8_GR<,:T8;QUDB8;PFQ;NR<6B>TN\PBQ;N\6S<YGe$8U:Z<YG[a<Y`48;P^[=8
@B8U6f8UPB@BNI8UP^[=8.@B8GR<`i<Y:T<Fm.GR<Y:i8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<Y:i@F8`h<vcYVW>h`i<Y:=<Q;VWPB:ODB`4NI>S<?q PQ;VYP `h<vcWVY>h6B>O8;`ZDB>T<
8;G*6B>O8;QUNR<Y@BV,QUVW`ZbBDB:g[=N\bBGI8_@BN\:T69VWPBNIbFGI8Yewc:TDjEN\@S<<?@BDBG\[=<&[=8;PF@B>S<,q DBPS<,@BDB>T<YQ;NvVWq P`48;PFVW>yCEDF8iGI<
Q;VY>T>T8U:T69VWPB@BN\8;P^[=8<.GR<Y:_8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<Y:A@B8,`48;PBVY>A`h<Y:T<tCXDB8,QUVWPB:TDF`i8UPQ;VYPu`i<vcWVW>_6S<Y>O:TN\`iVWPFNR<J8UG
N\@B>SVYq W8;PBVhCEDF8AGI8;:8;:@BN\:T69VWPBN\bBGI8?~ Pt<Y>OWDB`48;P^[=Vh:TNIPJ8;`ZbS<?>TWV&69@B>;|q <h6B>O8;:O8;P^[a<Y>O:T8_Q;VYPX[T>=<&8UG
<YP^[=8U>TN\VW>$>=<YlUVWPS<Y`4NI8UPX[TVYPS<YN\jY8 m5DBPBCXDB8GI<Y:8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:@B8x`i<!cYVW>`h<Y:T<QUVWPB:TDF`i8UPZ`<?q :>B<Yq 6BNI@FV
8;GfBNI@F>SVWq W8UPBVd@F8;GCXDB8@FNI:T69VWPB8UPweSPBVA8U:[a<?`ZbBNL8Uq PhQUNI8;>g[=VZCXDB8GI<Q;<YP^[=NI@B<Y@&@B8QUVW`ZbBDF:O[=N\bBGI80CXDB8
6BDB8U@B8;PHCXDB8;`i<Y>k8;:[=<Y`ZbBNL8;q PN\PBQ;>O8;NIbFGI8;`48;P^[T8`h<vcWVY>kW~ P,:T8;PFQ;NIG\GIVA6B>OVMQU8;@BN\`iN\8;P^[=VdB8;DB>;|q :g[=NIQUV
698;>T`4N\[T8@B8U`iVW:g[=>T<Y>kGR<dj?<YGIN\@B8;l3@B8;G$6B>ONI`48;>TVF~
#
8`4VM@FV CEDF8o<YDBPBCXDB8oGR<?:&8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<Y:h`<Yq :&`i<Y:TNj?<Y:&@BN\:T69VWPB^<YP @F8.DBPS<Qv<?PX[TNI@S<?@ `i<vcWVW>h@B8
Q;VY`ZbBDB:g[=NIbFGI8 " 6B>OVW6fVY>TQ;N\VWPS<YG<4GR<i`i<Y:T<4[=V?[a<YG@B8dGI<i8U:O[=>O8;G\GR< 8;G\GR<Y:08;`4N\[T8;P8;PB8U>TS|q <h<hDBPB<h>=<?[=<
8LKE[T>T8;`i<Y@S<?`i8UPX[T8h`i<vcWVW> " 6B>OVW69VW>TQUNIVWPS<?G*<GR<,Q;DB<Y>O[=<69VY[=8UPBQ;NI<@B84GR<,`h<?:=< 6S<Y>T<8UjEN[a<Y>yCXDB8
GIVY:p8U{8;QL[=VW:k:O8QUVWP^[=>=<?>T>T8U:O[T>T8;PV_NIP^jENI8;>g[a<YP~
PoGR<h[a<?bBGR< ~ :T8A6B>O8;:T8UP^[a<YP <YGIWDFPBVW:>O8;:TDFG\[a<?@BVW:VWbF[T8;PBN\@BVW:6S<?>=<&GR<&@FDB>=<YQUN!VWq P.@F8;G698;>;|q VM@FV
@B8jENI@S<_<Y@FDBG\[=<_@F8z8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<Y:p@F8z`dDFc@BNjW8;>O:=<Y:k`i<Y:=<?:;~
g $ -'(%( + ;Z %('v;d
$< DBq G[=N\`h<y{ <Y:T8z@B8zGR<ZjENI@S<_@B8yGR<Y:k8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<Y:UeS8;:k[a<Y`ZbFNL8;q P,GI<_`<Yq :k>TN\Qv<A@B8z8;G\GR<Y:U~nPGR<Y:DBq G[=NI`i<Y:
8U[=<Y6S<Y:AGI<J8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<J:TDM{>T8DBPS<.N\PBPXDB`i8U>=<YbFGI8h:O8;>ONI8&@B8Q;<Y`ZbBN\VW:dCXDB8,N\PB@BDBQU8;P j?<Y>TNI<YQ;N\VWPB8;:Q;VWP $
'
'
'
"
v
:TN\@B8;>T<YbBG\8;:_@B8,GR<8U:O[=>ODBQU[TDB>=<o[=VY[=<YG@B8,GI<o8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<c CXDB8,GR<.QUVWP^jMN\8;>g[=8;Ps69VW>_8 O8;`46BG\V.8;PsDBPS<
WN\^<YP^[=8U:TQv<8U:O{8U>=<.@B8&6BGI<Y:T`i<J@n8Uq bBNIG\`i8UP^[=8hDFPBNI@S<69VW>Z:ODs<YDF[=VYW>=<vjW8U@S<Y@ S<?:O[a<.DBP QUVW`46S<YQU[TV
VWbEO8L[=V]@B8.@BN\`i8UPB:TN\VWPB8U:6BGR<YPF8U[a<?>TNR<?:h8;P 8UGCXDB8o:T8o:TDBQU8;@B8UP G\VW:&`<Yq :&698;Q;DFGINR<?>T8;:i{8;PkVWq `48;PFVW:
{g|q :ONIQUVW:;~
VW`4V&8;>T<&@B8Z8U:T698;>=<?>T:T84<YCXDwq [a<Y`dbBNL8Uq PGR<h`i<Y:T<yODB8;W<&DBP.6S<Y698;G6B>TVY[=<Y*VWq PFNIQ;Vh8;P.GR<i@B8U[T8;>T`4N $
PS<YQUN!VWq Pt@B8UG([=NI69V,@B846B>TVEQ;8U:TVW:z| CXDB8h<?G\[=8U>=<YPtGR<8U:O[=>ODBQU[TDB>=<H@B84GR<8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<FeGR<8;:OQv<YGI<H@F84[TNI8;`469V
[v|q 6BNIQ;<Z8;PHGR<ZCXDB8z:T8y:TDFQ;8;@F8;P@BN\QaBVW:k6B>OVMQU8;:TVY:kc&8;G>T8U:TDBG[a<Y@FV4}SPB<YG~
V&CXDB8A:=<?bf8U`iVW:3@B8ZGR<4jMN\@S<h@B8dGR<Y:8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:;e:O8AS<hVWbM[=8;PFNI@BV&Q;<Y:TNNIP^[=8UW>=<Y`48;P^[T8d@B8UG(8;:g[=DB@BN\V
PXDB`]8;q >TN\Q;V@B8A:ODoQv<Y`ZbFNR<YP^[=8d8;:O[T>TDBQL[=DB>T<F~AG[TNI69V&@B8_<YPk<?q GINI:ONI:NIP^jWVWG\DBQ;>T<Y@BV8UPtDFPo[=<YG8U:O[TDB@BNIVFe
NIP^jYVWGIDBQU>=<o<Y:O6f8UQU[=VY:4[=<YP^[=Vt`h<?[T8;`<?q [=N\Q;VW:dQ;VW`4V.{gq :TN\Q;VW:dCEDF88U:O[r<?q Pu{DB8U>=<o@B8;Gk<YG\Qv<YPFlv<.@B8,8;:g[=8
[=8KE[=VBex>=<YlwVWq Ps6fVW>AGI<Q;DS<?GS<Y:g[a<t<YBVW>T<.c 8;PsGIV.| :ODBQ;8U:TN\jYV PBVY:4@F8;@BN\Qv<Y>O8;`4VW:_<.S<YbBGI<Y>Z@B8,GIVY:
<Y:O6f8UQU[=VY:ZQ;DS<?GIN\[=<?[=NjWVW:z`<Yq :d>O8;GI8Lj?<YP^[=8;:d8;P GR<H@B8;:OQ;>ONI69Q;N!VYq PQ;VW`46BG\8U[a<H@B8&GI<8UjYVWGIDFQ;N!VYq P8;:g[=8;GI<Y>;~
$<Q;VW`46B>O8;PB:ON!VWq P@F8GIVW:`<Yq :}SPBVW:A@B8L[a<YG\GI8U:d@B8PXDB8U:O[=>T<.:TNI`46BG\N\}SQ;<Y@S<,@B8;:OQ;>TN\6fQUN!VWq Pe:T86BDB8U@B8
8;PFQ;VWP^[=>T<Y>z8;P GI<Y:>T8L{8;>O8;PBQUNR<Y:z8;:O6f8UQ;NR<?GINIl;<Y@S<Y:N\PBQ;G\DBNI@B<Y:8;PtGR<PBVY[=<HbFNIbBG\NIVWW>B<?q }SQ;<&@B8;@BN\Qv<Y@B<<YG
Qv<?6BN\[TDBGIVB~
KMNI:O[T8;P]6B>OVY{DBPB@S<?:Z@BN\{8U>T8UPBQ;NI<Y:d8UPsGI<`i<YPB8U>=<JQUVW`iVJ8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:Z@B8&@BNjW8U>T:=<?:A`h<Y:T<Y:d8UP^jW8 O8UQ;8UP
c `ZDF8;>T8UPw~ P 8;:g[=DB@FNIV]@B8U[=<YGIGI<Y@BV @B8o8U:O[a<{ <Y:O8o@B8oGR<8UjYVWGIDFQ;N!VYq P 8U:O[T8;GR<?>8LKMNIWN\>v|q < Qv<Y:ON GI<
@B8U:TQ;>ONI69Q;NvVWq P&@B8UGf6B>OVMQU8;:OVZ8UjYVWGIDF[TN\jYVZ6S<Y>T<@BN\:O[=N\P^[=VW:nW>TDB69VW:n@B838U:O[=>O8;G\GR<Y:x@B8<YQUDB8;>O@BVA<d:OD&`i<Y:=<F~
N\P8;`ZbB<Y>TWVFep<YGIYDBPBVW:i@B8GIVY:i`<Yq :hN\`i69VW>g[a<YP^[=8U:h<?:T698;QU[TVW:&@B8UG36B>OVMQU8;:OVBek:TVWP QUVW`ZDBPB8U:< GI<
`i<!cYVW>;|q <@B83GR<Y:n8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:;eM<Y:T698;QL[=VW:p<GIVW:nCEDF8PBVW:>O8U{8U>TNI>O8;`4VW:8UPGR<z@B8;:OQ;>TN\6fQUN!VWq Ph6B>T8U:T8;P^[=<Y@S<_<
Q;VYPX[TNIPXDS<YQUN!VWq P~d:@B8AW>T<YPo<vcEDB@S<6S<Y>T<<YG(<Y:g[=>OVY{g|q :ONIQ;Vh>T8;6F>T8;:O8;P^[a<?>zG\VW:Q;<Y`ZbBN\VW:<YQ;<Y8;QUNI@BVY:8;P
GR<8U:O[=>ODBQU[TDB>=<8;:O[T8;GI<Y>yQ;VW`4V,Qv<Y`ZbFNIVW:y8;PGR<69VW:TN\Q;N!VYq Pt@F8iGI<,8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<:TVYbB>T848;G*@BNI<YW>=<?`h< &
8;:g[a<_B8;>O>=<Y`4NI8UP^[a<A:T8yQ;VYPB:O[TN\[=DMcW8z8;PHbS<Y:T8yQUGR<vjW8y6S<Y>T<APEDF8;:O[T>=<4@B8;:OQ;>TN\6fQUN!VWq P~
DS<YPF@BV]GR< 8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<S< <YYVY[a<Y@FVQ;VW`46BG\8U[a<?`i8UPX[T8GR<?:&>T8U:T8;>gj?<Y:,Q;8;P^[T>=<YG\8;:@B8 NI@B>BVWq W8;PFVBek:TD
P3DBq QUGI8;V :O8oS< Q;VWP^jW8U>O[TNI@BVs8;P DBP Q;DB8U>T69VuN\PB8;>g[=8.QUVW`i6FDB8;:g[=V]{DBPB@S<Y`48;P^[=<YGI`48;P^[=8J6fVW> 8;G\NIVBe
:T8&jY8H<YbfVEQv<?@S<8;P]DBPS<J{>O8;Pn8Lq [=N\Qv<.bBDB:OCEDF8;@S<o@B88;PF8;>TB|q <F~$<J{DB:TNvVWq P PXDBQ;G\8v<Y>A@B8UGBN\@B>SVWq Y8;PBVBe
69VW>Z<YFVW>=<JGI<H{DB8UP^[=8`<Yq :8L}SQ;N\8;P^[=8@F8;G<?PBB8;GI<Y@BVbFNI8;Pec^<PBVJ8;:O[S<q @BNI:O6fVYPBNIbBG\8i8UP 8;GnQ;8;P^[T>TV
`4NI:T`4VJ@F8GR<J8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<Fe698;>OV<?6S<Y>T8UQ;8@B8:fDBq bBN\[TV8;P]GI<Y:d8UPXjYVWG\[TDB>=<?:A@B8;GP3DFq Q;GI8UV.@B8 8UGIN\VJCXDB8
:T8B<YP Qv<YG\8;P^[a<?@BV.S<Y:g[a<o<YGIQ;<YPBl;<Y>dGI<Y:d[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DF>=<Y:ZPF8;Q;8U:=<Y>ONR<Y:A6B<Y>=<CXDB8&[T8;PB^<?P GIDB^<?>dGR<?:
>T8;<YQ;QUNIVWPF8;:_@B8;GpQ;<Y:TVF~ 578;:O[=<t:O8,GR<Q;VYPBVMQU8Q;VW`4VoGR<J{ <Y:O8@B8,Q;VW`dbBDB:O[TN!VWq P]@B8 NI@B>BVWq W8;PFV.8;P
Qv<?6S<Fe^c_@BDB>T<YP^[=8k8;G\GR<GR<8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<`h<YP^[TNI8;PF8k<Y6B>TVvKMNI`i<Y@S<?`i8UPX[T8pQ;VWPF:O[a<?PX[T8:ODhG\DB`iN\PBVW:ONI@S<Y@A698;>OV
@B8UQ;>T8UQ;8iQ;VWPB:ONI@B8U>=<YbFGI8;`48;P^[T8i:OD [=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<H8L{8;QL[=N\j?< " G\VHCXDB8i8;P:v|q P^[T8;:TN\:QUVW>T>O8;:O6fVWPF@B8&<,DBP
GI8LjW8A<?DB`i8UP^[=V8;P.8UG[=<Y`h< PF7 Vh@B8ZGI<i8U:O[=>O8;G\GR< ~$<&8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<48;P^[=>T<8;P.DBPS<&>O8;WNvVWq P@B8UG@BNI<YW>T<Y`h<
Q;VYPBVMQUNI@S<A69VW>pVWb^jENR<Y:p>T<Yl;VYPB8;:0Q;VW`4V_GR< 0<Y`i<Z@B8 DBbBWN\^<YP^[=8U: "[=>T<vcW8;QL[=V $ 8UPH}SYDB>=< ~ ~
VWPB:O8;>gjY<?PB@BVz6B>S<Yq QL[=N\Qv<Y`48;P^[=8pQUVW`4VDBq PBNIQ;<3{DB8;P^[T80@F808UPB8;>OS|q <MeWGR<QUVW`ZbBDB:g[=NvVWq PA@B8;GSFNI@B>BVWq W8;PFV8;P
Qv<?6S<FeBGI<8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<A<YGIQ;<YPBl;<dDBP8;:g[a<Y@FV4QU>v|q [=NIQUVZ8;P8UGwCXDB8GR<Q;VWP^jW8UQ;QUN!VWq P,:T86F>T8;:O8;P^[a<_Q;VY`iVd{ <?QU[=VY>
@BVW`4NIPB<YP^[=8A8;P8;G[=>T<YPB:O6fVW>g[=84@B8_8;PB8U>TB|q <F~&P8;:O[=<Y:zQ;VWPB@FNIQ;N\VWPB8U:;eGR<8LKMNIYDS<H8UPB8;>OS|q <,8;`4N\[TNI@S<
69VW>(GR<Qw<Yq :TQ;<Y>=<y@B8pBN\@B>SVYq W8;PBV@F8;GSP3DBq QUGI8;VFeW8;:({DB8U>O[T8;`48;P^[=80<YbB:OVW>TbFNI@S<69VW>(GR<VY6S<YQv<`i<?[T8;>TNI<3CXDB8
Q;VYPB:O[TN\[=DMcW8zGR<A8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<F~nVWP8UGIG\V4GI<A`h<?[T8;>ONR<Z:T8z@BN\GR<?[=< " 8;GwjYVWGIDF`i8UPCXDB8zVMQUDB6S<_:T8zNIPBQU>T8U`i8UPX[=<
6S<Y>T<`h<YP^[T8;PB8U>zDFPS<,[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<`<Yq :V,`i8UPBVW:yQ;VYPB:O[=<YP^[=8_{>T8;P^[T8i<DBPB<H8L}SQ;N\8;P^[=84^<YPS<?PBQ;NI<
@B88;PB8U>TS|q < ~$<dG\DB`4NIPBVW:ONI@S<?@4@F83GR<z8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<z:O8NIPBQU>T8U`i8UPX[=<QUVWPB:TN\@B8;>T<YbBG\8;`48;P^[=8?eF`i<YP^[=8;PFNI8;PF@BV
<Y6B>OVvKFN\`h<?@S<Y`48;P^[=8QUVWPB:O[=<YP^[=8x:TDy[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<p8U{8;QL[=NjY<Me CXDB8n<YBVY>=<Fe69VW>8U{8UQU[=V0@B8xGR<8KF6B<YPB:TNvVWq P
!>
log L
6
Rama
Asinttica
(AGB)
5
Regin de
Inestabilidad
Rama de
Gigantes
Rojas
(RGB)
1
Rama de
Subgigantes
SE
PR
CU
EN
IN
CI
PA
L
CI
-log T
! N\WDB>=< ~ m >T<!cY8;QL[=VW>ONR<&8UjYVWGIDM[=N\j?<hCXDB8d>T8;QUVW>T>O8ZDBPS<&8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<4@B8;:O6BDn8;q :y@B8dCEDF8AS<YP.Q;8U:=<Y@FV8;P
:TDiPDBq Q;G\8;VyGIVY:6B>TVEQ;8U:TVW:x@B8p{DB:TNvVWq P4@B8;G NI@B>BVWq W8;PFVzcACXDB80>T8U6B>T8U:T8UPX[=<dGIVyCXDB80B8;`4VW:*@B8UPBVW`4NIPS<Y@FV
GR< (;(p@B8yGR<A8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<F~
He + 4He
12
Be
C+
Be + 4He
v54
12
Proceso
3-
O+
C + 4He
16
! >2
`48;P^[=8?~hVY`iV6B>OVWbS<Y>O8;`4VW:`<Yq :y<Y@B8UGR<YP^[=8?e$GR<&6B>O8;:TNvVWq Pt@B8_DBP6FGR<Y:O`h<&8UP8U:O[a<?@BV@F8;W8UPB8;>T<Y@BV
PBVH@B8;698;PF@B8&6S<Y>T<HPB<Y@S<,@B8iGI<,[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<,@B8UGx6FGR<Y:O`h<.mzDBPS<Hj?<Y>ONR<YQUN!VWq Po8UP 8;:g[a< DBq G\[TNI`i<&PBV
6B>OVjYVMQ;<8UGS`<Yq :*`|q PBN\`iV3Qv<Y`ZbFNIVy8;PiGR<6B>TN\`i8U>=<F~ N\Pi8U`ZbS<Y>OWVy8;PhG\VW:^<Y:O8;:xQ;VWP^jY8;PBQUNIVWPS<?GI8;:UeFGI<
>T8UGR<YQUN!VWq Ph8;P^[=>O8GR<6F>T8;:ON!VWq P&chGR<[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<z{DBPBQ;N\VWPS<Z<ZGI<d`i<YPB8;>T<d@B8DBPB<dj<?q G\jEDBGR<@B88;:OQv<Y698
m P N\PBQ;>O8;`48;P^[=V.bB>ODB:TQUV.8;P GI<H[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DF>=<J@B8UG^<?:ZNIPB@FDBQ;8&DFP NIPBQU>T8;`48;P^[TV8;P GI<J6B>T8U:TNvVWq P
8 O8U>TQUNI@S<46fVW>k8UG`4NI:O`iVAcH<iDFPS<iN\PB`iN\PB8;P^[T8z8KM6S<YPB:ON!VWq PCXDB86BDB8U@B8d8UPF{>TNI<Y>k8;G^<Y:;~pDS<YPB@BVh8;P
8;GrP3DBq QUGI8UV@B8UW8;PF8;>=<?@BVd@B80DBPS<z8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<z@B80GR<y:T8UQ;DB8UPBQ;NI<6B>ONIPBQUNI6S<?GSbS<T<FeXQ;VY`iN\8;PBl;<zGI<y{DB:ON!VWq P4@B8UG
8UGIN\V4c:TDBb98ZGI<4[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DF>=<Fe98;GPDBq Q;G\8;Vi8;:O[T8;GI<Y>3QUVWPB:T8U>Oj?<&NIP^j?<Y>ONR<YbBG\8y:TDJ[=<Y`h< PF7 ViN\PB@BDBQUNI8;PF@BV
DBPS<<?Q;DB`ZDFGR<YQUN!VWq PQUVWPB:g[a<YP^[=8A@F8A8;PB8U>TS|q <FewCXDB8_<&:TD.jY8;l_NIPB@FDBQ;8A<?GNIPFQ;>T8U`i8UP^[=V@B8AGI<i[=8U`i698;> $
<?[TDB>=<CXDB8kS<YQU8pQ;>O8;Q;8U>*GR<3>T<?[a<@B8p6F>TVE@BDBQ;QUN!VWq PA@F8p8;PB8U>TS|q <FeWCXDB8k@B8pPXDB8UjYV>O8;Q;<YGIN\8;P^[a<8UGBPDBq Q;G\8;V3c
<Y:;|q :TDBQU8;:TNj?<Y`i8UP^[=8Y~*G9<YP^[=8U>TN\VW>6B>TVEQ;8U:TV>T8U[T>TV^<?GINI`48;P^[=<Y@BVBe?Q;VWPB@FDBQ;83<yGI<{DB:TNvVWq P_>S<Yq 6BN\@S<@B80Qv<Y:ON
[=VE@BV8;G9B8;G\NIVz6B>T8U:T8;P^[T88;P&8UGfP3DFq Q;GI8UV@F83GR<y8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<zci<GI<z8U`iN\:TNvVWq Pi@F83DBPS<zNIPBY8;P^[=8Qv<YP^[=N\@S<Y@i@B8
8;PF8;>TB|q <&CXDB8_6fVE@B>;|q <&:TN\`i6FGI8;`48;P^[T8Z`iVE@BN}SQv<Y>DBPo6fVEQ;V,GI<h8;:g[=>TDFQU[=DF>=<,@B8_GR<&8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<&VNIPB@FDBQ;N\>
GR<Z8KM6BDBGI:ON!VWq P,@B8:ODB:k8;P^jWVYG\[=DF>=<Y:U~x5 8U:O[=8jENIVYGI8;P^[v|q :TN\`iVzc&>B<Yq 6BNI@FVA6B>TVEQ;8U:TV4:T8yGIVZQUVWPBVEQ;8yQ;VY`iVA8UG
V B~
! GI<Y:T,@B8UG 8UGINI
$<Y:A8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y:A`48;PBVW:A`i<Y:ON\j?<Y:;ePXDB8U:O[T>TV VWG69VW>A8 O8U`i6FGIV.PBVoGIVYW>=<Y>B<Yq P:OVW6fVY>O[a<?>Z8;Gp8U`i6BDBVWq P
CXDB8h@B<H8UG S<Y:T@F8;G 8UGINIVH<,:TDB:8;P^jWVYG\[=DF>=<Y:yco:T84jW8;>B<Yq P <Yb9VEQv<Y@S<?:<,6S<Y>g[=N\>z@F8i8U:O[=8i6BDBP^[=VJ<
DBP,NIPF8UjEN\[=<YbBGI80}SPS<YG eF:ONI`4NIGR<?>n<?GwCXDB8@B8;:OQ;>ONIbBN\>T8;`4VW:k<ZQUVWP^[=NIPXDS<?Q;N!VYq P6S<Y>=<ZGI<Y:8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<Y:@F8`h<Y:T<
NIP^[T8;>T`48;@FNR<F~
G 8UGINIVA:O8QUVWPB:ODB`i8y>B<Yq 6BNI@B<Y`i8UP^[=8y@B8 T<?PB@BV4Q;VW`4VA>T8U`h<YPF8;P^[=8zDBPHQ;VW`46S<YQL[=V_PDBq Q;G\8;VA{VW>O`h<Y@FV
6B>ONIPBQUNI6S<YG\`i8UP^[=806fVW>p<Y>Tb9VWPBVZc K|q W8;PFVB~*$<dQ;>ONI:TN\:8;PF8;>T8Uq [=N\Qv<ZCXDB8:O8:TVWbB>O8UjENI8UPB8Qv<?GINI8UP^[a<dGI<
8;P^jYVWG\[TDB>=<A@B8UGwPDBq Q;G\8;VZB<Y:O[=<ZCEDF8<?GIG|q :O88;PBQUNI8;PF@B8y8;Gw6B>OVMQU8;:OVZ[=>TN\6BGI8 $ <YG{ <FeXNIPBN\Q;Nv<Yq PB@BVW:O838UPX[TVWPBQU8;:
DBPS<Z{ <Y:O8y@B8Q;VW`dbBDB:O[TN!VWq P,@B8 8;G\NIVA8;P,Q;<Y6S<A@B8yQv<Y>B<Yq QU[T8;>;|q :O[TNIQ;<Y:p`ZDFch:TNI`4NIGI<Y>T8U:<ZGI<ZQ;VW>O>T8;:O6fVYP $
@BN\8;P^[=8{ <Y:O80<YP^[=8;>ONIVW>@B8{DB:TNvVWq P_@B8 N\@B>SVYq W8;PBVy8UP4Q;<Y6S<F~(DB>=<YP^[T8p8;GB6B>OVMQU8;:OVGI<8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<3j?<YW<8;P
GR<?:0jY8;Q;N\PB@S<Y@F8;:@B8DBPS<4>T8;YN!VWq P@B8;G@BNR<?W>=<Y`i< Q;VYPBVMQUNI@S<4Q;VW`4V4GR< 0<Y`i< VW>TN\l;VWP^[=<YG "
"[T>=<vcW8UQU[TV $ ~(53G\G q GR<z@BNIG\DBNI@B<z8UPXjYVWG\[TDB>=<Z@F8GR<z8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<zCXDB8:T8B<dQ;VWP^jY8;>O[TNI@BVA8UPDBPS<dYNI^<YP^[T8
>TVT<&VPS<Y>=<?P T<Fe:ODF{| >T8AN\PB8;:g[a<YbFNIGIN\@S<Y@B8U:8U:O[T>TDBQL[=DB>T<YGI8U:CEDF8A6BDB8;@F8;PtGIGI8Lj?<Y>TGI<i<&6B>O8;:O8;P^[a<Y>j?<Y>ONR< $
Q;N\VWPB8U:3698;>TNvVWq @BN\Qv<Y:k8;PJ:TD.8;:g[=>ODBQU[TDB>=<hYGIVWbS<?G~k:<Y:;|q QUVW`4Vh:T8z{VW>T`i<YP`ZDBQaS<Y:@B8dGI<Y:08;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:
CXDB80Q;VWPBVEQ;8U`iVY:Q;VW`4V (E " ( $ (EcZGR<>=<Y`i<BVW>ONIlUVWP^[a<YGB8U:nGI<>T8UWN!VWq P_@B8UGS@BNR<?W>=<Y`i<
@BVWPF@B8y8;PBQUVWP^[=>=<?>T8;`4VW:kGR<A`i<vcWVW>;|q <Z@B8yGR<?:jW8;QU8;:DBbBNIQ;<Y@S<Y:p8U:O[T8698;QUDBGINI<Y>[=N\6fVA@F88U:O[=>O8;G\GR<Y:U~
GS8;PF{>ONR<Y`4NI8UP^[=V@B8kGR<8UP^jWVWG[=DB>T<z8U:O[=8UGR<Y>*QUDS<YPB@BVz:T80<Y6F>TVvKMNI`i<<YGS6BDBP^[=V eXNIPFQ;>T8U`i8UP^[a<Q;VWPF:TNI@$
8;>T<YbBG\8;`48;P^[=8GI<3VW6S<?Q;NI@B<Y@Z@B8pGI<3`h< [=8;>ONR<0CEDF8pGR<3QUVWPB:O[TN\[TDFcW8?~VW>8;:O[=<>=<YlwVWq PAGR<38U:O[T>T8;G\GR<0@B8UjENI8UPB8
Q;VY`i6BG\8U[=<Y`i8UP^[=84Q;VWP^jW8UQU[TN\j?<JctQ;VW`4VJS<?b|q <H:TDBQU8;@BN\@BV.8;PGI< 3e:T8iBNIPBQaB<F~J5:TQ;N\8;PB@F8&6fVY>
8;Gk@BNI<YW>T<Y`h< 7<GIVtGR<?>TWVo@B8HDS<t[T>=<vcW8UQU[TVW>TNI<tQUVWPBVEQ;NI@B<tQUVW`iVtGR< 0<Y`h<.5:TNIP^[SVYq [=N\Qv< " 5 e
[=>T<vcW8;QL[=V $ c:O8zQUVWP^jENI8;>g[=8y8;PHDBPS< (
$
- " ( Y~
PB<jY8;l48;PtGR<&>T<Y`h<<?:TNIP^[SVYq [=N\Qv<FecJbS<OVH@B8U[T8;>O`iN\PS<Y@S<Y:3Q;VWPB@FNIQ;N\VWPB8U:GR<&8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<8LKM6f8U>TN\`i8UPX[=<
6B>OVMQU8;:TVY:0@F8Q;VW`ZbFDB:O[TN!VWq P,Q;N\Q;G\NIQv<@B8;G 8;G\NIVA8;P,Q;<Y6S<FeBQUVWPBVEQ;N\@BVW:pQ;VY`iVAG\VW: ! GI<Y:TF8;:p@B8UG 8UGINIV
CXDB83QUVW`4VyjY8;>O8;`4VW:<yQ;VWP^[TNIPXDS<YQUN!VWq P4:TVWPi@B8U[T8;>O`iN\PS<YP^[=8U:n8UPhGR<jENI@S<{DF[TDB>=<y@B80GR<Y:*8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y:*`<?q :
GINjENR<YPS<?:;~
VW:ZQ;<Y`ZbBN\VW:d:ODBbB:TN\WDBN\8;P^[=8U:ZCXDB88LKM698;>TN\`i8UP^[a<GR<H8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<<J6S<Y>g[=N\>d@B8&8U:O[=<8U[a<?6S<@B8;698;PF@B8;P
6B>ONIPBQUNI6S<YG\`i8UP^[=8@B8yGI<Z`h<Y:T<FeB8UG6S<Y>S<?q `i8L[=>TV_QUGR<vjW8y@B8yGR<Z8LjWVWG\DBQ;NvVWq P,8;:g[=8;GI<Y>;~
$<.8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:ZQ;VWPs`i<Y:=<Y:AN\PF{8;>ONIVW>O8;:A< 2 A e*:T8jW8UPu{DB8U>O[=8U`i8UP^[=8H<?{8;QL[a<Y@B<Y:A6fVY>AGIVW: r<Y:TF8;:
v>6
5:
:TN\WDBN\8;P^[=80c&<Y:;|q :ODBQ;8U:TN\j?<Y`48;P^[T8Y~nDS<YPB@FVZ:T8y<YYVY[a<z8;G NIGIN\Q;N\Vyci8;G9P3DBq QUGI8;Vd@B8GR<z8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<Q;VYGR<Y6B:T<
6S<Y>T<iN\PX[T8;P^[a<?>0{DB:ONIVWPB<Y>8UG NI8U>T>TVFe9GI<48U:O[T>T8;G\GR<_:T88;PBQUDB8;P^[=>T<&Q;VWPJDBPS<i@F8;:=<?W>=<Y@B<YbBGI8z:TVY>T6B>O8;:=<m
8;:g[=8d[TNI69Vi@F8dP3DBq QUGI8;VY: "CEDF8d[=N\8;PB8UP`h<?:=<h< [rVWq `4NIQ;<4<?GI>T8U@B8;@FVW>@F8 PBVh6FDB8;@B8UP{DB:TN\VWPS<Y>O:T8@B8
`i<YPB8;>T<d8;:O6fVYPX[S<Yq PB8;<FeFci6fVW>n8;GfQ;VWP^[=>T<Y>TN\VZGR<z>T8;<YQ;QUN!VWq P&QUVW>T>O8;:O6fVWPF@BNI8UPX[T8>T8UCEDFNI8;>O8DBP:ODB`iN\PBNI:g[=>OV
@B88UPB8;>OS|q <6S<Y>=<6fVE@B8;>VW698;>=<?> " GI<>O8v<YQUQ;N!VYq PA8;:(8UPB@BVY[M8;q >T`4NIQ;< ~VDBq G\[TNI`4VkCEDF8CXDBNI8U>T8GI<38;:g[=>T8UGIGI<
8;:36f8U>T@B8U>38;PF8;>TB|q <i6B<Y>=<hG\GI8LjY<?><4Qv<Yb9V&DBPJ6B>TVEQ;8U:TV&N\PDFq [=N\G~pG>T8;:ODBG\[=<Y@BVmp8UGP3DFq Q;GI8UVhN\PBNIQUNR<ADBP
NI>O>T8L{>T8;PB<YbBGI86F>TVEQ;8;:OVi@F8zQUVWGR<?6B:TV_8;PHQv<?NI@S<ZG\NIbB>O8Y~
DB>T<YP^[=848;Gx6B>TVEQ;8U:TVDBPB<:T8U>TN\8h@B84{8;PkVWq `48;PFVW:@F8hW>T<YP N\PX[T8;>E8;q :d6B<Y>=<H8;G{DF[=DF>TV@B84GR<H8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<
:T8J:TDBQU8;@B8UPw~ DS<YPF@BV GR<t@B8;PB:ONI@S<?@csGR<t[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<tS<YPQU>T8UQ;NI@FVGIV:TDF}SQUNI8UPX[T8Ye<Y6S<Y>O8;QU8;P
8;Po8UG(`i8U@BNIV&{V?[=VWPB8U:<Y>OQaBN $ 8;PB8U>T8Lq [=NIQUVW:Qv<?6S<YQ;8U:y@B8A>TVW`4698;>G\VW:3{DB8U>O[=8U`i8UP^[=8AGIN\^<Y@BVY:3P3DBq QUGI8;VY:
@B8 NI8U>T>OVB~H*G*6B>OVMQU8;:OV>T8UQ;NIb98h8UGnPFVW`ZbB>O8i@B84{VY[=VE@B8U:TNIP^[T8;W>T<YQ;NvVWq Pct8;:8;Gx6B>TN\`i8U>y6S<Y:TVJ8;PGI<
[=>T<YPB:g{VW>T`i<YQ;NvVWq P.@B84GR<8;:g[=>ODBQU[TDB>=<H@B8;G*P3DBq QUGI8;V,@B8_GI<,8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<F~_5 :TDtjW8UlhGIVY:PDBq Q;G\8;VW:@B8 8UGIN\V
6B>OVM@BDFQ;NI@FVW:n8UPhGI<y{VY[TVM@F8;:TN\P^[=8;Y>=<YQUN!VWq P4@B8;G N\8;>O>TVBeX:TVYPi{VY[TVM@B8U:TN\PX[T8;W>T<Y@BVW:x8;Pi:TDB:Q;VW`46fVYPB8;P^[=8U:
{DBPB@B<Y`i8UP^[a<YG\8;:;e6B>TVY[TVWPB8U:ctPB8;DM[=>TVYPB8;:UexQUVWP^jENI>O[TNI8UPB@BVJGI<`i<?[=8U>TNI<H8UPDBPQ;<YGI@BV@B8&6B>OVY[=VYPB8;:Ue
PB8UDF[=>OVWPB8;:Uep8;G\8;QU[T>TVWPF8;:ic]PF8;DF[T>TNIPFVW: " ~ $<8UPB8;>OS|q <oNIP^jWVYGIDBQU>=<Y@S<o8;PGR<Y:_Q;VYGINI:ONIVWPF8;:A6B>OVY[rVWq P $
8;G\8;QL[=>SVYq PQ;VWPF@BDBQ;8UP]<GI<H{VW>O`h<YQUN!VWq Pt8U}BQ;NI8UP^[=8&@B8iPB8;DM[=>TVYPB8;:U~\e8UPDBP6B>OVMQU8;:OVQ;VWPFVMQUNI@BVQ;VW`4V
PB8UDF[=>OVWPBNIl;<YQ;NvVWq Pw~GP3DBq QUGI8UVZ@B8yGR<d8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<Z:O8zQUVWP^jENI8;>g[=88UPHDFPBN\6f8U>T@B8UPB:TV_Q;<YGI@BVA@F8PB8;DF[T>TVWPF8;:
8;PQ;VWGI<Y6B:OVB~pDS<?PB@BV&:O8d<YG\Qv<YPFlv<YPH@B8;PF:TNI@B<Y@B8;:CXDB8d6BDF8;@B8UP:TDB698;>T<Y>0GR<_NIPBQU>T8;N\bBGI8@F8;PB@BN\@S<Y@@B8
DBPHPDBq Q;G\8;V4<?[SVWq `iN\Q;VA8UGQ;VWGI<Y6B:TV_@B8UG$PDBq Q;G\8;VANIP^[T8;>TN\VW>p:T8{>O8;PS<F~n$<A:TDB698;>g}SQ;N\8@B8UG`iN\:T`4VA>T8UbfVY[=<
S<YQUNR<0<?{DB8U>=<QUVWPZGI<kjENIVYGI8;PFQ;NR<pQUVWPdGI<0CXDB8xjMNI<T<YbS<0S<YQUNR<0<Y@B8;P^[T>TVW8UPB8;>T<YPB@BV6fV?[=8;P^[T8;:VYPB@S<Y:@B8
QaBVECXDB8CXDB88;PHDBPJN\P^[=>TN\PBQv<?@BVA6B>TVEQ;8U:TVi:TVWPQv<Y6S<?Q;8;:0@B8z8LKM6BDBG\:=<Y>k:fDFq bBN\[=<Y`i8UP^[=8GR<?:08UP^jWVWG[=DB>T<Y:
8LKE[T8;>TN\VW>T8U:k@B8yGR<A8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<F~
8;:O@B8<?{DF8;>=<GR<8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<z`ZDBG\[TNI6BG\NIQ;<y:OD&GIDF`iN\PBVW:TN\@S<Y@4VW>TN\WNIPB<YGeW69VW:ONIbBN\GIN\[=<YPB@BVY:;e^:TNf8;:DFP&VWbEO8L[=V
>T8UGR<?[TN\j?<Y`48;P^[=8@n8;q bFNIGeMVWbB:O8;>Oj?<Y>OGIVBeF<DBq P:TNPXDBPFQv<AGIVAS<?b|q <Y`4VW:nB8;QaBVF~n$<APS<?[TDB>=<?GI8;l;<Z@B8y<Y6S<?>TN $
8;PFQ;NR<_:fDBq bFN\[a<A@B88;:g[=8y[=NI69V_@B8{8UPkVWq `48;PBVY:08UPJ8UGQUNI8UGIVBeSG\8;:k`i8U>T8UQ;N!V4q 8;PGR<_<YP^[=N\W8;@B<Y@J8UGPBVW`ZbB>O8
@B8 " *:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y: DF8Uj?<Y: ~PHGR<A<Y:g[=>OVY{g|q :ONIQv<Z:O8d<?Q;VW>O@S<Y@BV_8;PHGIGI<Y`i<Y>TGI<Y: ( - L~
VW`4V.>T8U:TNI@FDBVo@B88;:g[=8jENIVWG\8;P^[=N\:TNI`4VJ6F>TVEQ;8;:OVoCEDF8;@S<YPsGIVY:Z>T8U:O[=VY:4N\>T>O8;WDBGI<Y>T`48;P^[T8h8;:O6S<Y>OQ;NI@FVW:
@B8GR<_8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<_CXDB8d{VW>O`h<?PVWbXO8U[=VY:3PB8UbBDBGIVY:TVW:Q;VWPBVEQ;N\@BVW:06B>T8UQ;N\:=<Y`48;P^[=8Q;VW`4V4>T8;`i<YPB8UP^[=8;:3@B8
DB698;>OPBV!j?<c_@B83QUDFc^<?:Qv<Y>T<YQU[T8;>;q :O[TNIQ;<Y:nB<YbBGR<?>T8;`4VW:*8;PiGR<y:T8UWDBPB@S<6S<Y>O[T8 " jW8;>x}SWDB>T< ~ 4 ~V
CXDB8Z<?PX[T8;>ONIVW>O`i8UPX[T8y8;>=<48;GPDBq Q;G\8;| V_@B8GR<A8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<4:O8dQ;VYPXjEN\8;>O[T8d<?BVW>=<48;PDBPJ@BN\`iN\PXDF[=VAcH@B8;PF:TV
VWbEO8L[=ViCEDF8QUVWPBVEQ;8;`4VW:0Q;VW`4V (E " ( ')(@- ( " - (EL~ 8;PQv<Y:OVW:0`ZDFc,8;:O6f8UQ;NI<YGI8U: "Q;DS<YPF@BVhGI<
`i<Y:=<,VW>TN\WNIPB<YG@B84GR<8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<,8;P 8KM6BGIVW:ON!VWq Pt:TDF6f8U>=<GI<Y: BA 8UG*PDBq Q;G\8;VH:T84Q;VWP^jENI8U>O[=848;PDBP
bBN\lv<Y>O>TV_VWbEO8L[=V_CXDB8QUVWPBVEQ;8U`iVW:kQUVW`iV
;( @(
~
"
^
DBPS<t:TN[=DS<YQUN!VWq PsQ;VY`iVt8;:g[a<FepGI<Y:_6S<Y>O[v|q QUDBGR<Y:_@B8UGk^<Y:4bBDB:TQ;<Y>S<?q PVMQUDB6S<Y>4GIVY:48U:O[=<Y@BVW:i@B8J`48;PBVY>
8;PF8;>TB|q <J@BN\:T69VWPBN\bBGI8?~.<Y@S<GI<8LKMN\:O[=8UPBQ;NI<.@B8;Gn6B>TN\PBQ;N\6BNIV@B8&8LKMQUGIDB:ON!VWq P @B8,<YDBG\Ne<Y6FGINIQ;<YbBG\8h<YG
Qv<?:TV@B84GIVY:8UGI8;QL[=>OVWPB8;: " CXDB8i:TVWP6B<Y>O[v|q Q;DFGR<Y:yCXDB8&VWb98;@F8;Q;8UP <GI<8U:O[a<?@|q :g[=NIQ;<H@F8 ! 8;>O`iN%$ NI>T<YQ
" ! 8U>T`4NIVWPB8U: e(8UGIGIVY:dPBV.69VM@F>S<Yq PVEQ;DF6S<Y>Z:ONI`ZDBG[r<Yq PF8v<Y`48;P^[=84[=VE@BVW:Z8UG8U:O[a<?@BVobS<Y:T8@F8&8;PB8U>TB| q <
" 8UG*8;:O[=<Y@BV@B8i`48;PFVW>8;PB8U>TB| q < ~hVW>z8;GQUVWP^[=>T<Y>TN\V:O8iN\>=<YP ^<Y6FNIGR<?PB@BV VEQ;DB6B<YPB@BVGIVW:y8;:g[a<Y@FVW:
@BN\:T69VWPBNIbFGI8;:n8;P&{VW>O`h<:TDBQU8;:TNj?<F~nDS<YPB@BVA8UGZDBq G\[TNI`4Vy8;GI8UQU[T>SVWq P W:O8y<YQ;VY`iVE@B8 dGIVZS<?>S<Zq DBbBN\Qv<YPF@BV
DBP_8;:g[a<Y@FVz@F8p8;PB8U>TS|q <}BPS<YGBCXDB8p@B8U6f8UPB@B8U>S<yq 8;P DBq G\[TNI`i<Y:@F8pGR<Qv<?PX[TNI@S<?@A@B8p6S<Y>g[!|q QUDBGR<?:(6B>T8U:T8UPX[T8;:
8;P.8UG^<?:;~y$<h8;PF8;>TB|q <h@B8A8U:T8DBq G[=N\`iV_PBNjW8;G eCXDB8A>O8;Q;N\bf8d8;GPFVW`ZbB>O8d@B8Z8UPB8;>OS|q <&@F8 ! 8;>T`4Ne e
8;:DFP.6S<Y>S<?q `i8L[=>TVhCEDF8ZQv<Y>T<YQU[T8;>ONIlv<&8UG^<?:3cJCXDB8A8UP.@B8U[T8;>O`iN\PS<Y@S<Y:VMQ;<Y:TN\VWPB8U:@B8U[T8;>O`iN\PS<Y>S<iq :TD
Q;VY`i69VW>O[=<Y`4NI8;P^[TV $ ' ' $ - $ eSQ;VY`iV4jW8;>O8;`4VW:<hQUVWP^[=N\PEDB<YQ;NvVWq Pw~ 8;:g[r<hq @B<Y@BVBef@B8dGI<4{g|q :ONIQ;<
8;:g[a<Y@w|q [=N\Qv<FeF6fVW>Ue
"
VW:(F8;QaBVW:*698;QUDBGINI<Y>T8U::T8p@F8;:TQUDBbB>O8;PhQUDS<YPB@FV:T8p8LKF<Y`4NIPB<3 GR<3:ON\[TDS<YQ;NvVWq PZ@B8pDFPA^<Y:(QUVW`iV8U:O[T8p8;P
GR<:ON\[TDS<YQ;NvVWq PA@B8U:TQ;>ON\[=<_m<YDBPFCEDF8GI<[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<@B8;GBW<Y:8;:*PXDBGR<Me^8pNIP^[=DBN[=NjY<?`i8UPX[T8@B8Ubf8U>v|q <Y`iVY:
8;:O6f8U>=<Y>k8UPJ8;GQ;<Y:TV4NI@F8v<YGwCXDB8zGR<?:p6S<Y>O[v|q QUDBGR<Y:CEDF8G\V4QUVWPB:g[=N\[TDFcW8UPH[T8;PBW<YPDFPS<48UPB8;>OS|q <AQUNIPn8Lq [=NIQ;<
PXDBGR<[=<Y`ZbBNL8;q Pwe*GR<JjY8;>O@S<Y@8U:_VY[=>T<F~ 53DBPs8;Ps8;GpQU8;>OV <YbF:TVWG\DF[a<.8;PsDBP]^<Y:_@B8{8U>T`4NIVWPB8U:;e*GR<?:
6S<Y>g[!|q Q;DBGI<Y:8;:g[r<Yq Po@BV?[a<Y@S<?:z@F8ADBPS<8;PB8U>TB|q <&@BNI:g[=N\PX[=<&@B8 : c69VW>[a<YP^[TV8;:O[S<Yq Pt8;Pt`iV!jENI`4NI8UPX[TVB~
53@F8;`<Yq :GR< 8UPB8;>OS|q < CXDB8[TNI8;PF8.Qv<Y@S<{8U>T`4N!VWq P8UP 8;G^<?:;e08;:,6B>T8UQ;N\:=<cbBN\8;P @B8L}SPBN\@S<cGR<?:
[=>T<YPB:ONIQ;N\VWPB8U:k<_V?[=>TVY:p8;:O[=<Y@BVW:08;:g[r<Yq PH8;P<YG\DBq P&:T8UP^[=NI@FVi6B>OVWBN\bBNI@S<?:6fVY>p8U{8;QL[=V4@B8yGR<ZVEQ;DB6B<YQ;NvVWq P
Q;VY`i6BG\8U[=<@B8*GIVW:8U:O[a<?@BVW:@BNI:O6fVWPFNIbBG\8;:;~5]8U:O[a<k6S<Y>g[!|q Q;DBGI<Y>wQ;VYPF}SWDB>T<YQ;NvVWq Py@B8*DBPz^<Y:@B8{8;>O`iN\VWPB8U:
:T8yGI<_QUVWPBVEQ;8yQ;VY`iVADBP:O[=<Y@BV4@B8d8UW8;PF8;>=<?Q;N!VYq Pw~
<Yb98;`4VW::ONIPy8;`ZbB<Y>TWVkCXDB8x8;:$NI`469VW:TN\bBGI86fVW>6F>TNIPFQ;NI6FNIV "6fVW>GI<pQ;DS<Y>g[a<pGI8Lc@B8*GI<p[T8;>O`iVE@BNIPp<Yq `iN\Qv<
69VW>8;GX6B>ONIPBQUNI6BN\V@B8*NIPBQU8;>g[=NI@FDB`ZbB>O8 >T8U@BDBQ;N\>GR<[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DF>=<p@B8*DBPz:TNI:g[=8U`h<k@B8*6S<Y>g[!|q QUDBGR<?:wS<Y:g[a<
8;GQ;8;>OVH<YbB:TVYGIDF[TVB~Z8;PB:O8;`4VW:y8;PtCEDF8AGI8A:TDFQ;8;@F8i<?G(^<Y::ON(:TDo[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<&8;::ODB6f8U>TN\VW>y<&8;:g[=8
DB`ZbF>=<YGnPS<?[=DF>=<YG ~o<8UPB8;>OS|q <J[M8;q >O`iN\Qv<J@BN\:T69VWPBN\bBGI846f8U>T`4N\[TNI>S<Hq CXDB8,<YGIYDBPS<Y:@B8GR<Y:d6S<Y>O[v|q QUDBGR<Y:
>T8;<YGIN\l;8UPs[T>=<YPB:ONIQUNIVWPB8U:4<PBNjW8;G\8;:46fVY>48UPBQ;N\`h<o@B8HGR<o8;PB8U>TBq <t@F8 ! 8;>O`iN ~$<o`h<YYPBN\[TDB@]@B8JGI<
[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DF>=<_@B8;G$^<Y:k@B8L[=8U>T`4NIPS<Y>B<Aq GR<AQv<YP^[TNI@S<Y@H@B8y{8;>O`iN\VWPB| 8;:pCXDB86fVE@B>B<Yq P,:=<YG[a<Y>k69VW>p8;PBQUNI`i<
@B8UGDB`ZbB>T<YG3@F8 ! 8U>T`4Nc:=<YG\NI>4@B8;G8U:O[=<Y@BV]@B8.@B8UW8;PB8U>=<YQUN!VWq P~8U>TV]:TN e0<YDBP < [=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<
PBV_PXDBGR<MeBGR<Z8UPB8;>OS|q <d[M8;q >T`4NIQ;<Z8;P,8;GW<Y: " 69VW>T69VW>OQ;NIVYPS<YGf< PFV48U:kGIVZ:ODF}SQ;N\8;P^[=8U`i8UP^[=8zW>=<YPF@B8
Q;VY`i6S<?>=<Y@S<0Q;VWPdGR<8UPB8;>OS|q <@B8 ! 8;>O`iN e?GI<`i<vcWVW>;|q <@F8GR<?:6S<Y>g[!|q Q;DBGI<Y:$:T8`i<YP^[=8UPB@B>S<?q PZ6fVY>@B8UbS<OV
@B88U:O[a<A8UPB8;>OS|q <dchGR<d:ON\[=DB<YQ;NvVWq P&@B8@B8UW8;PF8;>=<?Q;N!VYq PH:O8yQ;VWPB:O8;>gjY<?>S<q ~*DB8;@B8y@B8UQ;N\>T:T8CXDB88UGw^<Y:p:O8
`i<YP^[=8;PF@B>S<,q @B8;Y8;PB8U>=<Y@BV`iN\8;P^[=>T<Y:GR<8UPB8;>OS|q <[M8Uq >T`4NIQv<&`48;@FNR<8;:g[=846fVW>y@B8UbS<OV@B8_GR<8;PB8U>TB|q <
@B8 ! 8;>O`iN ~ V_S<YQU8{ <YG\[=<Z6BDB8;:0CXDB8z8;G^<Y:p8U:O[T88UP8UGQ;8;>OVh<?bB:TVWG\DF[=VFe
"
'
%('
"
$
'
"
P ^<Y:Z`ZDMcQ;<YGIN\8;P^[=8i@B8h8UGI8UQU[=>OVWPB8U:ZQ;VW`4V8UGnCXDB8&{VW>O`h<,DBPS<8UPS<YPS<bBGR<YPFQv<Fe(8U:O[=<Y>S<Jq @F8;W8UP $
8;>T<Y@BV<46f8U:=<Y>@B8d:ODo<YG\[v|q :ONI`i<d[=8;`4698;>=< [=DB>T<Fef:ONGI<4@F8;PB:ONI@S<Y@J8;:G\Vi:ODF}SQ;N\8;P^[=8U`i8UP^[=8_<YG[a<Fer6S<Y>T<
8;:g[a<YbFGI8;QU8;>DBP.Y>=<YPJj?<YG\VW>3@F8ZGR<h8UPB8;>OS|q <i@B8 ! 8;>T`4N~3:O[a<8U:6B>T8UQ;N\:=<Y`48;P^[=8AGI<h:TN[=DS<?Q;N!VYq PJ8;PoGI<
CXDB8z:T8y8;PBQUDB8;P^[T>=<iGI<Z`h< [=8;>ONR<Z@B8yDBPB<48UPS<YPS<_bBGR<?PBQv<F~
8;P^[T>T8;`4VW:<?BVW>=<iPEDF8;:O[T>=<,<?[T8;PBQUN!VWq P8UP.Q;DS<?GI8;::TVWP.G\VW:38L{8;QL[=VW:@F8ZQv<Y>B<Yq QU[T8;>FNI@B>OVM@BN\Pk<Yq `4NIQUV_c
[=8U>T`4VM@FNIPk<Yq `4NIQUVyCEDF8[=NI8UPB838UGB8UQaBV_@B8CXDB8GI<`i<?[=8U>TNR<z@B8GI<d8;PS<?PS<dbBGI<YPBQv<8;:O[M8q 8;PDBP8U:O[=<Y@BV
@B8UW8;PB8U>=<Y@FVB~
8;:O@B8_8;G6BDFPX[TV@F8ZjMN\:O[=<,8U:O[=<Y@|q :g[=N\Q;V,GR<&6B>O8;:ON!VWq Po8;Pt8;GN\P^[=8;>ONIVW>@B8_DBP SDBNI@FVBeCXDB8_>T8;:ODBG\[=<@B8
GR<d[T>=<YPF:O{8;>O8;PBQUNR<Z@B8y`4VW`48;P^[=VZG\NIPB8;<YG8UP^[=>T8GI<Y:6S<?>O[v|q Q;DBGI<Y:CXDB8G\VAQ;VWPB:g[=N[=DFcY8;P,cWeB69VW>p8 O8U`i6FGIVBe
GR<?:p6S<Y>T8U@B8;:0CXDB8yGIV_Q;VYPX[TNI8UPB8;PweS8U:O[S<4q @S<?@S<A6fVW>Ue
"
@BVWPF@B8 " >T8U6B>T8U:T8UPX[=<GR<{DBPFQ;N!VYq PA@B8@BN\:O[=>ONIbBDFQ;N!VYq PZ<Y:OVMQUNR<Y@S<3<YGF^<?:(@B86S<?>O[v|q Q;DBGI<Y :;eY N~ 8Y ~ "
8;:8;G$P3DBq `48;>OVi`48;@BN\Vi@F86S<?>O[v|q Q;DBGI<Y:kCXDB8[TNI8;PF8;PJDFP`iVY`i8UPX[TViG\NIPB8;<YGw8UPX[T>T8 c ~k*PDBP
:TN[=DS<?Q;N!VYq P@B8y@B8;W8UPB8;>T<YQ;NvVWq PweSP,[=N\8;PB8yGR<d{VY>T`i<Fe
"
"
"
"
"
"
"
" ~
G`4VW`48;P^[=V&G\NIPB8;<YG`J |q PBNI`4Vi @F8ZPXDB8;:g[=>TVH8;G\8;QL[=>SVYq P.Q;VWPF}BPS<Y@BV8U:O[r<q @S<?@BV6B>T8UQ;N\:=<Y`48;P^[=8d6fVW>3:TD
NIPFQ;8;>g[=N\@BDB`ZbB>O8YenN~ 8Y~ ~ ( P^[=>OVM@BDFQ;NI8UPB@BV8;:O[T8JB8UQaBVc]8;G0>T8U:TDBG[a<Y@FVN\PB`i8U@BNR< [a<Y`48;P^[=8
<YP^[=8U>TN\VW>p8;PHGR<Z8KF6F>T8;:ON!VWq P8;PBQUVWP^[=>T<Y@S<_6S<Y>=<AGI<_6F>T8;:ON!VWq PeB:T8zVWbF[TNI8;PF8Ye
Q;VYPB:TN\@B8;>T<YPB@BVk`i<?[=8U>TNR<nQ;VW`46BGI8L[a<Y`48;P^[T8(NIVWPFNIlv<?@S<Fe;c3:TDB69VWPBN\8;PB@BVkCXDB8*6S<Y>T<GR<Y:8;:T698;QUNI8U:< [rVWq `4NIQ;<Y:
6B>O8;:T8UP^[=8;:8;PHGR<A8;PB<YPS<AbBGR<?PBQv<A:T8zQ;DF`i6BG\8CXDB8 eB:O8z6FDB8;@B8z`4VW:O[T>=<Y>pCXDB8?e
"
@B8y@BVWPF@B8}SPS<YG\`i8UPX[T8Ye
"
$<&<YP^[=8U>TN\VW>8KM6B>T8U:TN!VYq P.>T8;6F>T8;:O8;P^[a<&6FDB8;:DBPB<i{VW>T`i<4<Y6B>TVvKMNI`i<Y@S<i<iGI<i8;QUDS<YQUN!VWq P@F8Z8;:g[a<Y@BVh@B8
GR<A`i<?[=8U>TNI<Z@B8yGR<A8;PS<?PS<4bFGR<YPBQ;<F~ PHB8UQaBVi{DBPF@S<Y`48;P^[a<YG:O8>O8UjY8;GR<_@B8yNIPF`i8U@BNR<?[TVAQ;DS<?PB@BV48LK $
<Y`4NIPS<?`iVW:8;:g[=8k>T8U:TDBG[a<Y@BVFm(VWP^[T>=<Y>ONIVy<GIVCXDB8k:TDFQ;8;@F88UP4GI<`h< [=8;>ONR<3QUVWP^jW8UPBQ;N\VWPS<YG eEGI<6B>T8U:TNvVWq P
8;P,8UG SDBN\@BVAPBV_@B8;698;PF@B8y@B8yGR<[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<Z@B8UGw`4NI:T`4VB~ VA8;:k6BDB8U:kGR<Z<YYN\[a<?Q;N!VYq Ph[M8Uq >T`4NIQv<@B8
:TDF:z6B<Y>O[v|q Q;DFGR<Y:GR<&CXDB8_@S<&GIDF^<Y><&GI<&6B>T8U:TN!VYq PtN\P^[=8;>ONIVW>Ue:ONIPBVGI<&:TN\[TDS<YQUN!VWq P.@B8A@F8;W8UPB8;>T<YQ;NvVWq Po@B8
GIVY:p8;GI8UQU[T>TVWPB8U:kQ;VWPF}BPS<Y@BVW:08;PH8;:g[a<Y@FVW:k@B8y8;PB8U>TS|q <_6F>T8;QUNI:OVW:;~
DS<YPF@BV.8;P 8UGP3DBq QUGI8;VJ@B8&DBPS<8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<HGIN\jENI<YPS< " ? BA :T8,<YG\Qv<YPBl;<YPGI<Y:dQUVWPB@BN\Q;NIVYPB8;:@B8
[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DF>=<hPB8UQ;8U:=<Y>ONR<Y:6B<Y>=<hCXDB8Z<Y6S<Y>O8;l;Q;<YP.GIVY:36B>OVMQU8;:TVY:@B8d{DB:ON!VWq PJ@B8;G 8UGINIVFefGI<i@B8UPB:TN\@S<Y@
PXDBQ;G\8v<Y>*:O8S<yNIPFQ;>T8U`i8UP^[a<Y@BVz<j?<YGIVW>O8;:*GIV:ODF}SQUNI8;P^[T8;`48;P^[=83<YG\[TVW:6S<Y>T<z`i<YP^[=8UPB8;>*GR<`i<?[=8U>TNI<@B8
8;:g[a<h69VW>OQ;N!VYq P@B8zGR<4<YPS< [=VW`|q <A8;:g[=8UGR<Y>08;PDBP8;:g[a<Y@FVh@B8@B8;W8UPB8;>T<YQ;NvVWq Pw~0DS<?PB@BV&:O8N\PBNIQUNR<YP,GIVY:
6B>OVMQU8;:TVY:z@F8_{DF:TN!VYq PtGI<h[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<Fe69VW>8U{8UQU[=VH@B8_GR<&8UPB8;>OS|q <G\NIb98;>=<?@S<&8;Pt@BNIQaFVW:6B>TVEQ;8U:TVW:Ue
8;`46BN\8;lv< < <YDB`48;P^[=<Y>;~ PQUVWPB@BN\Q;N\VWPB8;:iPBVW>O`h<YG\8;: " `i<?[=8U>TNI<tPBV @F8;W8UPB8;>T<Y@S< GI<6B>O8;:ON!VWq P:O8
NIPFQ;>T8U`i8UP^[a<Y>;|q <4[=<Y`ZbBNL8;q Pwe9NIPF@BDBQ;N\8;PB@FVhDBPS<&8KM6S<YPB:ON!VWq P@F8ZGR<4>T8;YN!VWq P@B8Z6B>OVM@BDFQ;Q;NvVWq PJ@F8Z8;PB8U>TB|q <
CXDB83>O8;GI<T<Y>;|q <zDFP&6fVEQ;VGIVW:*6B>OVMQU8;:OVW:69VW>nG\VW:xQ;DS<YG\8;:xGR<Y:x>T8;<YQ;QUNIVWPF8;:PXDBQUGI8;<Y>T8U:8;P^[=>O8;^<?P&8;PB8U>TB|q <
<ZGR<`h<?[T8;>ONR<FeX8;:g[a<A8LKM6S<?PB:TNvVWq P,<YGIQ;<YPBl;<Y>v|q <DBP6BDFPX[TV_@B88;CXDBN\GIN\bB>TN\VdCXDB88;:g[a<Y>;|q <d:O8;WDFNI@BVA@B83DBPS<
6B>OVM@BDFQ;Q;NvVWq P8U:O[a<?bBGI84@B8&8UPB8;>OS|q <F~H$<J6B>O8;:ON!VWq P <Y:v|q <YQU[TDS<<YGx`4VM@BVH@B8&DFPS<Hj<Yq GjMDFGR<@F8h8;:OQv<Y698
CXDB8yQ;VWP^[T>TVWGI<ZGR<ZQ;>O8;QUNI8;P^[T86B>OVM@FDBQ;QUN!VWq P,@B88UPB8;>OSq <F~xDB<YPB@BV4GR<Z`i<?[=8U>TNI<d8;:g[r<_q @B8;W8UPB8;>T<Y@S<_8;:g[a<
j<Yq G\jEDBGI<@B88U:TQ;<Y6f8:T8kjEDB8;GjW83N\PBVW698;>T<YP^[=8 " <YBVY>=<| GR<y6B>T8U:TNvVWq PiPFVd@B8U6f8UPB@B83@F8GI<[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=< c
GR<?:>O8v<YQUQ;NIVYPB8;:(@F8{DB:TNvVWq Pd@F8 8UGINIV8;`46BNI8Ulv<YPd<38;P^[T>T8;W<Y>(DBPS<Qv<YP^[=N\@S<Y@Z6F>TVWW>O8;:ON\j?<Y`48;P^[=8n`h<vcWVY>
@B8n8;PB8U>TS|q <3<GI<`i<?[=8U>TNI<kG\VCXDB8NIPBQU>T8;`48;P^[=<:TD[=8;`4698;>=< [=DB>T<CXDB8p<0:TDdjY8;lS<?Q;8`i<vcWVW>$[a<?`ZbBNL8Uq P
GR<4>=<?[=<h@B86B>TVE@BDBQUQ;N!VYq P@B8Z8UPB8;>OS|q <icJ<Y:;|q :ODBQ;8U:TN\j?<Y`48;P^[T8Y~yP.8;:g[a<Y:QUVWPB@BN\Q;N\VWPB8;:GR<_{DB:TNvVWq P@B8UG
8UGIN\VBerCEDF8d8;P.GI<Y:k8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<Y:3`<Yq :0`h<Y:ON\j?<Y:kQ;VYPPDBq Q;G\8;VW:08;P.8U:O[=<h8U[=<Y6S<h<?DBPPBV&@F8;W8UPB8;>T<Y@BVW::O8
>T8;<YGIN\lv<0<DBPB<3>=<?[=<8U:O[a<?Q;NIVYPS<Y>TNI<Fe8;PZGI<:ON\[=DB<YQ;NvVWq P@F8PXDB8;:g[=>OVNIP^[=8U>E8;q :GIV0S<YQU8`ZDFcz>B<Yq 6BNI@B<Y`i8UP^[=8Ye
8;PoGI<h{VW>T`i<h@B8ADBPoN\PX[T8;PB:OV r<Y:To@B8A8UPB8;>OS|q <M~d:O[TV8U:6B>T8UQ;N\:=<Y`48;P^[=8AG\VCXDB8AGIGI<Y`h<?`iVW:08;PoGI<
:T8UQ;QUN!VWq P<YP^[=8U>TNIVY>p8;G ! GI<Y:T,@B8UG 8;G\NIVB~
8;:O6BDn8Uq :@B8A@F8;:TQUDBbB>ONI>z<YGIYDBPBVW:<?:T698;QU[TVW:y@B8_GR<h{g|q :TNIQ;<h@B8_GR<?:8;PS<?PS<Y:ybBGR<?PBQv<Y:Ue@BVW:6B>O8;WDFPX[=<Y:
>T8U:O[S<Yq P69VW>>O8;:O6fVWPF@B8;>Um NGR<Z6B>O8;:TNvVWq P,@B8@B8UW8;PB8U>=<YQUN!VWq PH@B8G\VW:p8;G\8;QU[T>TVWPF8;:p8;:kN\PB@B8;698;PF@BNI8UPX[T8y@B8
GR<[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DF>=<ci69VW>[a<?PX[TVd@B8Q;DS<?GICXDBNI8U>*6B>TVEQ;8U:TVZCXDB8W8;PB8U>T8Qv<YG\VW>x<YGSNIP^[=8U>TN\VW>*@B83GI<y8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<Fe
Z6fVY>CXDn8Zq PFVi[=VE@BVW:GIVW:0>T8U:TN\@BDBVW:8;:O[T8;GI<Y>T8U:3:TVYP.8;PS<YPB<Y:3bBGI<YPBQ;<Y:a cJZQ;Dk<Yq G8;:GR<4VW>TN\W8;PH@B8ZGI<
8;PF8;>TB|q <ACXDB8>T<Y@BNI<ZDBPS<_8;PS<YPB<_bFGR<YPBQ;<^W~
<?>=<>T8U:T69VWPB@B8U>zGI<h6B>ONI`48;>=<&6F>T8;YDBP^[a<NI`i<YWN\PB8;`4VW:0DBPS<8;PS<?PS<bBGR<YPFQv<h[v|q 6BNIQ;<hQ;VYPtDFPS<`h<Y:T<
@B8UGVW>T@B8UP@F8zDFPS<4`i<Y:T<_:OVWGR<?>;~(5W>T8UWDB8;`4VW:0<YG\WVA@B8y`h<?:=<A<_8;:O[T8yVWbEO8U[TVB~ PHNIPBQU>T8U`i8UPX[TV_8;P
GR<4Qv<YP^[TNI@S<Y@@B8d`i<?[T8;>TNI<48KMNIW8?ef69VW>38L{8;QL[=V&@B8GR<4Q;VWPB:O8;>gjY<?Q;N!VYq P@B8;G8;CXDBN\GIN\bB>TN\V4FNI@B>OVW:O[S<?q [=N\Q;V4@B8
8;:g[=8AQUDB8;>O6fVBeDBPt<YDB`48;P^[=V&8UPo:TD.6B>O8;:TNvVWq P.NIP^[T8;>TN\VW>c69VW>[=<YP^[=VDBPo<YDF`i8UPX[TV8;P.:ODt@F8;PB:ONI@S<Y@~
DB8;@F8z`4VW:g[=>=<?>T:T8{ <YQ;N\GI`48;P^[=8CXDB88UGw>=<?@BNIVZ@F8DBPS<A8;PS<?PS<AbBGR<YPFQv<d[a<?Gfc&QUVW`4VA8;:p@B8U:TQ;>ON\[=<4<?CEDFN
8;:{DBPFQ;NIVYPN\PXjY8;>O:=<,@B8_:TDt`h<Y:T<F~ N\Pt8U`ZbS<Y>OWVH<YG(N\PBQ;>O8;`48;P^[a<Y>O:T8_GR<@B8UPB:TN\@S<Y@t@B8_GR<&`i<?[=8U>TNI<
GIV,S<?Q;8_Q;VWPt8;G\GR<Fe8UPtjEN[=DB@t@B8 ~ e$8;G`4VW`48;P^[=V,G\NIPB8;<YG(@B8_GIVY:8;GI8UQU[T>TVWPB8U:zcQ;VWPt8;G " <bS<!T<Y:
jW8UGIVEQ;N\@S<Y@B8U: GI<_jY8;G\VMQUNI@S<Y@<iGR<4CXDB8Z8;G\GIVW:k:O8Z`ZDB8LjW8;P~35 @F8;PB:ONI@S<Y@F8;:`i<vcWVW>O8;: "`h<vcWVY>`i<Y:=<
GR<hjY8;G\VMQUNI@S<Y@o@B8_G\VW:8;G\8;QL[=>TVYPB8;:z:T8_S<NIPFQ;>T8U`i8UP^[a<Y@BV,G\V:TDF}SQUNI8UPX[T8i6B<Y>=<8LKMN\WNI>CXDB8_:O8i>O8v<YG\NIQ;8
$
"
5
DBP <YPk<Yq G\NI:TN\:>T8UGR<?[TN\jENI:g[=NIQUV@B8;Gx6B>OVWbBGI8U`h< "Q;VWP^[=>T<Y>TN\VJ<?GxCXDB84B8U`iVW:zB8UQaBV.<YCXD|q CXDB8iQUVWPB:ONI@B8U>=<
GR<t:TN[=DS<YQUN!VWq Pu@B8J8UGI8UQU[=>OVWPB8U:< bS<T<?:ijW8UGIVEQ;N\@S<Y@B8U: ~DS<YPB@FV :T88UGR<Yb9VW>=<oDBP[=<YG0<YPk<Yq G\NI:TN\:;e:O8
@B8U:TQ;DFbB>T8,CXDB8,6S<Y>T<DBP jY<?GIVW>Q;>;|q [=N\Q;V@B8GI<J@B8UPB:TN\@S<Y@we*GR<8;:O[T>TDBQL[=DB>T<t@F8GR<J8UPS<YPS<.bBGI<YPBQv<:O8
S<YQU8<YG[a<Y`48;P^[T8HN\PB8;:g[a<YbFGI8Y~ :O[=< Q;VYPB@BNIQUN!VWq PsQ;>;|q [TNIQv<o@B8L}SPB86B>O8;QUNI:=<?`i8UPX[T8JGI<t`i<Y:=<t`<q KFN\`h<
CXDB836FDB8;@B80[=8UPB8;>nDBPhP3DBq QUGI8UV8U:O[=8UGR<Y>*6S<?>=<:OVW69VW>O[=<Y>*:TD&6B>OVW6BNI<<YDM[=VWW>T<vjW8;@B<Y@hQUVWPhGI<z6B>O8;:ON!VWq Pi@B8
@B8UW8;PB8U>=<YQUN!VWq Pd@B8G\VW:8UGI8UQU[=>OVWPB8U:;~GXjY<?GIVW>$@B8n8;:O[=<3`i<Y:=<0Q;>;|q [=N\Qv<0{DF8nQ;<YGIQUDBGR<Y@FV369VW>8UGF<?:O[=>OVY{g|q :ONIQUV
BN\PB@D q DBbB>=<?`h<vc^<?PoS<YPB@F>=<Y:O8 XS<Y>cH>TVYPB@S<h<?GI>T8U@B8;@FVW>@F8dGR<?: > C BA 6S<?>=<iGI<Y:0Q;VWPB@FNIQ;N\VWPB8U:
[v|q 6BNIQ;<Y:08;P.8;GP3DBq QUGI8;Vi@B8ZGI<Y:8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<Y:GINjMNI<YPS<Y:U~0*PJBVWPBVW>3<h:TD.@F8;:TQUDBbB>ONI@BVW>38;G$jY<?GIVW>0`<q KFN\`iV
@B8yGR<Z`i<Y:T<_@F8zDFPS<48UPS<YPS<_bBGI<YPBQv<A>O8;Q;N\bf88UGPBVW`ZbF>T8y@B8yG |q `iN[=80@B8S<YPB@B>T<Y:T8 XS<Y>;~
J8,@kVWq PF@B8:ODB>TY8GI<o8UPB8;>OS|q <oCXDB8H>=<Y@BNI<.Q;VWPB:g[a<YP^[T8;`48;P^[=8GR<.8;PS<?PS<bBGI<YPBQ;<^W~DB>T<YP^[=8,GIVY:
6B>OVMQU8;:TVY:06F>T8UjEN\VW:0<_:ODJQUVWPB:O[TN\[TDBQ;NvVWq P&}SPS<YG eBGR<A`i<?[=8U>TNI<dCXDB8QUVW`46fVWPF8GR<Z8;PB<YPS<_bBGR<YPFQv<AS<A:TN\@BV
6B>OVM@BDFQ;NI@B<<t<YG\[v|q :ONI`i<Y:[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<Y:4CXDB8<DBq P]Q;VWPB:O8;>gjY<M~53@B8U`<?q :iG\VW:_6B>TVEQ;8U:TVW:4@B8,{DB:TNvVWq P
CXDB8&:O8@S<YP8UP GR<Y:Qv<Y6S<?:ZNIPB`48;@FNR<?[=<Y`i8UP^[=8_:TDB698;>ONIVW>O8;:A<?GnP3DBq QUGI8UVCXDB8h}SPS<?GI`48;P^[=84[=8;>O`iN\PS<Y>T<
Q;VYPXjEN\>O[=N\8;PB@FVW:T8_8;PPXDB8;:g[=>TVQ;DB8U>T69VJ6B>OVM@FDBQ;8UP8UPB8;>OS|q <,CXDB8iPFV:BVWq GIV,8;:yG\NIb98;>=<?@S<S<YQ;NI<,<?{DB8;>T<
6S<Y>T<dQv<?GI8;P^[=<Y>nGI<Y:8UP^jWVWG[=DB>T<Y::TN\PBVdCXDB8[a<Y`ZbFNL8;q Ph<YGIYVd@B8UGfQ;<YGIVW>x8;:8;P^[=>O8;^<Y@FV_<YGfN\PB8;>g[=80PDBq Q;G\8;VB~
DS<YPF@BVo8;:O[=<>T8UWN!VWq P @B8GR<J8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<JCXDB8U@S<o<YG@F8;:TQUDBbBN\8;>O[TVo6fVW>dGIVW:6B>TVEQ;8U:TVW:A@B8U:TQU>TN\[TVW:A8;P]GI<
:T8UQ;QUN!VWq P,<YP^[T8;>TN\VW>;eM8;`46BNI8Ulv<Z<>=<Y@BNI<Y>G\NIbB>O8;`48;P^[=808;:O8Qv<YG\VW>>O8;`i<YPB8UPX[T8<Y@BCXDBN\>TN\@BVZ8;PGI<Y:8L[a<Y6B<Y:
6B>O8UjENR<Y:U~p8;P^[a<?`i8UPX[T8dPXDB8U:O[=>OVhVWbXO8U[=VerCEDF8c^<4PBVhYVWlv<_@B8zDBPS<4{DF8;P^[=8Q;VWPB:g[a<YP^[T8d@B8z8;PB8U>TB|q <
"cW< PBVGR<oPB8;QU8;:TN[a<Fe6BDB8;:g[=VCXDB8J8;:hGI<t6F>T8;:ON!VWq Pu@B8H@B8;W8UPB8;>T<YQ;NvVWq P@B8GIVW:_8UGI8;QL[=>OVWPB8;:4csPBV GI<
<YWN[a<YQUN!VWq P&[M8;q >O`iN\Qv<A@B8zGR<_`h<?[T8;>ONR<FeMGR<_CEDF8:OVW:O[TNI8;PF8GI<_8U:O[T>T8;G\GR< :O88UPF{>v|q <4S<?:O[a<_Q;VYPXjY8;>g[=NI>O:T88;P
DBPHQ;DB8U>T69ViQUVW`46BGI8L[a<Y`48;P^[=8VY:TQ;DF>TVBeSDBPB<_8UPS<YPS<_PB8UW>=<F~
"
Corteza Exterior
Corteza Interior
Interior
0
R
0.03 R
0.08
Ncleo
\N WDB>T< ~ 2 m*<_8;:g[=>ODBQU[TDB>=<_Qv<YG\Q;DBGI<Y@S<Z@B8yDBPB<48U:O[=>O8;G\GR<A@B8yPB8;DM[=>TVYPB8;:U~
:T8jY8p>T8U@BDBQ;N\@S<<3DBPB<y8U:O{8U>=<Q;VYPADBP_@BN!<Yq `48U[T>TV@B8p<Y6B>OVvKFN\`h<?@S<Y`48;P^[=8 3: ~$<[=8U`i698;>T<?[=DB>T<
8;Pt:TDo:ODB6f8U>O}SQUNI8_6BDB8U@B84<Y:TQU8;PB@F8;>z8;Pt8;CXDBNIG\NIbB>ONIV " DBPS<&jY8;l_:T8_S<Q;VYPB:O[TN\[=DFNI@BV@B8L}SPBN[=N\j?<Y`48;P^[T8
@B8U:T6BDn8Uq :@B80GR<y8LKM6BG\VW:TNvVWq P <YGr`iN\GIGvVWq PA@B80W>=<Y@FVW:;e 3 :>:>: jW8UQ;8U:`i8UPBVW>*:TN\Ph8U`ZbS<Y>OWVd<zGR<CXDB8[T8;Pw|q <
<YP^[=8U:0c&@BDB>=<?PX[T8y:TD,{VW>T`i<YQ;NvVWq Pw~
$<8;:g[=>ODBQU[TDB>=< @B8L[a<YG\GR<Y@S<s@B8GI<Y:J8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<Y:@B8PB8UDF[=>OVWPB8;:.PFV8;:QUVWPBVEQ;N\@S<Q;VY`i6BG\8U[=<Y`i8UP^[=8Y~
:O[TV:T8t@B8Ubf8o6B>ONIPBQUNI6S<YG\`i8UP^[=8o<YGB8UQaBV@F8CXDB8t@B8;:OQ;VWPFVMQU8;`4VW:Y>=<YPB@F8;`48;P^[=8tGR<Y:bFNIlv<?>T>=<?:
6B>OVW6BNI8U@S<Y@B8U:CXDB86BDF8;@B88KFFNIbBN\>GR<z`h< [=8;>ONR<z8;PGR<?:nQUVWPB@BN\Q;NIVYPB8;:p<?GIG|q >O8;N\PS<YP^[=8U: " <YG[!|q :TNI`i<Y:([T8;` $
698;>=< [=DB>T<Y:hcu@B8;PB:ONI@S<?@B8;: ~ 8;@BNI<YP^[=8GI< 8LKE[T>=<Y69VWGR<?Q;N!VYq P@B8.GI<Y:h6B>OVW6BN\8;@S<Y@F8;:&@B8.GI<`i<?[=8U>TNI<
8;P.QUVWPB@BN\Q;N\VWPB8;:`<?q :3Q;VY`ZDBPB8U:;ewS<&698;>O`iN[=N\@BViB<YQ;8U>TPBVW:Uew:TN\P8;`dbS<Y>TYVBeDBPB<&bBDB8;PB<&NI@B8;<h@B8ZG\V
<YQUVWP^[=8;QUNI@BV48;PH8;GN\P^[=8;>ONIVW>@B8y8;:O[TVW:k8LKE[=>T9< PB7 VW:kQ;DF8;>T69VW:U~
PB<8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<@B8pPB8;DM[=>TVYPB8;:*8;:g[r<3q {VW>O`h<?@S<369VW>(GR<:TDB698;>O6fVW:ONIQUN!VWq PA@B8 Qv<Y6S<?:bBNI8UPA@BN\{8U>T8;PFQ;NR<?@S<Y:;e
@BVWPF@B8GI<4`i<?[T8;>TNI<Z8LKMBN\bf8zQ;VW`469VW>O[=<Y`iN\8;P^[=VY:p@BNI:g[=NIP^[TVW: "jW8U>0}BWDB>=< ~ 2 ~$<i`<Yq :k8LKE[=8U>TN\VW>k@B8
8;G\GR<Y:Ue^GR<@B8UPBVW`4NIPS<Y@B<VY>O[=8Ulv<(KE[T8;>TN\VW>;eX8U:O[r<yq Q;VYPB:O[TN\[=DFNI@S<y6fVY>PDBq Q;G\8;VW:*@B8 N\8;>T>OVc_8;GI8UQU[T>TVWPB8U:
>T8UGR<?[TN\jENI:g[a<Y:8;Ps8;:g[a<Y@BVt@B8UW8;PB8U>=<Y@FVB~ <OVo8;G\GR<Fe8;PsGR<Q;VY>O[=8Ulv<.NIP^[T8;>TN\VW>;e*8UG6B>TVEQ;8U:TVt@B8PB8UD $
[=>OVWPBN\lv<YQUN!VWq PB<&8;PB>ONICXDB8;QUNI@BV@F8APB8;DF[T>TVWPF8;:GIVY:PDBq Q;G\8;VW:3<YGIG|q 6B>T8U:T8;P^[T8;:;e6B>ONIPBQUNI6S<YG\`i8UP^[=8
"
:.C= e^G\VW:(Q;DB<YGI8U:x:O8pjMDF8;G\jY8;Pi8;:O[=<YbBG\8;:*6fVY>8U{8;QL[=Vz@B8pGR<y<YDF:T8;PFQ;NR<@B8k8U:O[a<?@BVW:*@B8k8;PB8U>TB| q <
GIN\bB>T8U:6B<Y>=<4GIVW:8UjW8UP^[=DS<YG\8;:8UGI8UQU[=>OVWPB8U:6B>TVE@BDBQUNI@BVY:8UP.8;GPB8;QU8;:=<?>TNIVh@B8;Q;<YNI`4NI8UPX[TV < ~3P = 8;:g[a<
>T8UWN!VYq P@B8AGR<&8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<Fe<YGIYDBPBVW:@F8ZGIVW:3PB8;DF[T>TVWPF8;:yGIN\bB>T8U:38;`46BN\8;lv<?Po<<Y6S<Y>O8v<Y>O:T#8 " 6B<YNI>ONIPB {VW> $
`i<YPB@BV8U:O[=>ODBQU[TDB>=<?:n@n8Uq bBNIG\`i8UP^[=8pNIP^[T8;>=<?QU[=DB<YP^[=8;:*CXDB8k:T8k@B8U:T6BGI<Ylv<?PiQ;<Y:TN4:TN\P46F>T8;:O8;P^[a<?>xPFNIPBWDFPS<
>T8U:TN\:O[=8UPBQ;NI<yc_@FVY[a<YPF@BVd<?GS^<Y:x<YGSCXDB806f8U>O[=8UPB8;QU8;P&@F80GI<6B>TVW6FNI8;@B<Y@i@F8:ODB6f8U> SDFNI@B8UlY~*Ph8UGSNIP^[=8 $
>TN\VW>`4NI:T`4V@B80GR<y8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<Fe^GR<Y:*6B>O8;:ONIVWPB8U:n@F8;PB:ONI@S<Y@F8;:nc_8UPB8;>OS|q <?:xG\GI8U^<YP4<YGS8LKE[T>T8;`4Vz@B8@F8;:O[T>TDBN\>
GR<&8U:O[T>TDBQL[=DB>T<PXDBQ;G\8v<Y>_mPBN\PBDBq PoP3DBq QUGI8;V8U:O[=<YbBGI8_6BDF8;@B84:TVWbF>T8UjENjMN\>8;Pt8;:T<Y:QUVWPB@BN\Q;N\VWPB8;:U~_VW:
PB8UDF[=>OVWPB8;:GIN\bB>T8U:y{VY>T`i<YPDFP ^<Y:z:TDF6f8U> SDw|q @BVJcoG\VW:y6B>TVY[TVWPB8U:d:T84jEDB8;GjW8;P :TDB698;>OQ;VWPB@FDBQU[TVW>T8U:;~
8 8;>OQv< <YGBP3 DBq QUGI8;Vy8UGS`i8U@BNIV6B>OVWbS<YbFGI8;`48;P^[T80:O88UPB>TN\CXDB8;QU88UPi6BN\VWPB8U:x69VW>8L{8;QU[TV@F8GI<Q;VWP^jW8U>T:ON!VWq P
< ~
5 @BN{8;>O8;PBQUNR< @B8JGIV :ODBQ;8U@BNI@FVsQUVWP GR<?:&PS<YPS<?: GR<?PBQv<Y:UekGR<Y:i8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:h@B8PF8;DF[T>TVWPB8U:&{DB8;>OVWP
6B>ONI`48;>TVQU>T8;<YQ;N\VWPB8;:y[=8wVWq >TN\Qv<Y::ONIPoDBPt:TDB:g[=8UPX[TVVWbB:O8;>gjY<?Q;NIVYPS<YG~_$<:TN[=DS<?Q;N!VYq Pt:O8_`h<YP^[TDFjWVH6fVY>
!
"
52
< PB7 VW:_@S<?@BV8UGkNIPBQU>T8;N\bBGI86F>TVWbBG\8;`i<.CEDF8:ONIWPBN}SQv<?bS<.VWbB:T8U>Oj?<Y>4DBPVYbEO8U[TV[a<?Pu:ODB6B>T8U`h<?`i8UPX[T8
@n8Uq bBNIG(c.Q;<YGIN\8;P^[=8?~4*P 3 6>>2 e /YVMQU8;G\cEP 8;G\GeBN\l;VHDBPt@B8;:OQ;DBbB>ONI`4NI8UPX[TVCXDB84NIbB<H<Q;<Y`ZbBNI<Y>8;:g[a<
@B8U:OjW8UP^[a<OVW:T<h:TN[=DS<?Q;N!VYq P8;PHGR<ACXDB8y:T8y8;PBQUVWP^[=>T<YbS<YPGR<Y:p:g[=>T8UGIGI<Y:p@B8 8UDF[=>OVWPB8;:k{>T8UP^[=8z<4V?[=>TVY:
VWbEO8L[=VW:bFNIlv<?>T>TVY:ic^< @B8L[=8UQU[a<?@BVW:;~8;:OQ;DBbF>TN!V q G\V CXDB8.6S<?>T8;QY|q <:O8;>&DBPB< {DB8;P^[=8o698;>ON!VWq @BN\Qv<t@B8
>=<?@BNR<YQUN!VWq P8;P]@BN\>T8;QUQ;NvVWq P]<GR<JPF8;bBDBG\VW:=<@F8;Gk<YPFW>T8 OVB~ GVYbEO8U[TV.8;`4N\[v|q <DBPFVW: W 6BDBG\:TVW:d@B8
>=<?@BNIVQv<Y@S<:T8;YDBPB@BVQUVWPADBPS<6B>T8UQ;NI:ON!VWq PpT<Y`<Yq :VYbB:T8U>Oj?<Y@S<F~ DA6S<Y>g[!|q Q;DBGI<Y>$PS<?[=DF>=<YG\8;lv<08`48;>O8;Q;NvV q
>S<?q 6BNI@S<?`i8UPX[T88UGrPBVW`ZbB>O83@B8 e " <YQU>SVWq PBN\`iVy@B8 "%$ -
" c4:BVWq GIVz6BDB@BVd:T8;>n8LKM6BG\NIQv<?@S<
S<YQUNI8UPB@BV_DB:TV4@B8yGR<?:p6f8UQ;DBG\NR<Y>O8;:p69VW>T6BN\8;@S<?@B8;:k@B8yGR<?:[=8VYq >TNIQ;<Y:p8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y:p@B8yPB8UDF[=>OVWPB8;:U~
<Y:ON [TVM@BVY:GIVW:QUDB8;>O6fVY:z8UP8UG(DBPBNjW8U>T:TVH8;:g[r<Yq Pt>TV?[a<YPB@FVB~Z$<Y:y8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y:PBV,:OVWPGI<&8LKMQ;8U6fQUN!VWq P~
PB<jW8UlpGR<8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<38U`i6FNI8;l;<<38UPXjY8 O8UQ;8;>*:ODB:(8;P^jYVWG\[TDB>=<Y:NIP^[=8U>TNIVY>T8;:cdGI<>O8;WNvVWq PZCXDB8QUVW`i6F>T8;PF@B8
:TD_P3DBq QUGI8UV:T8k@BN\jYVW>TQUNR<YPA@FNIPk<Yq `4NIQ;<Y`48;P^[=8?~5GIWV@F8pGR<>TV?[a<YQUN!VWq PA@B8pGI<8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<8;:Q;VYPB:T8U>Oj?<Y@BVz6fVY>
:TD.P3DFq Q;GI8UVB~3DS<YPB@BVhQ;VWGI<Y6B:=<Mef8UG8U{8UQU[TV@B8;G6B>TN\PBQ;N\6BNIV4@B8ZQUVWPB:O8;>Oj?<YQUN!VWq PJ@B8;G`iVW`48;P^[TV&<YPBYDBGR<Y>
GIV,VWbFGINIW<<,N\PBQ;>O8;`48;P^[a<?>zGI<&{>T8;QUDB8;PFQ;NR<,@B84>TVY[=<YQ;NvVWq PoQ;VWPM{VW>T`48A:T84>T8U@BDBQ;8i:TDt>=<Y@FNIVB~ PB<,jY8;l
8;:g[a<4>T8;YN!VWq P,@B8yGR<A8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<AS<4<Y@BCXDBNI>ONI@BV_DBPB<48U:O[=>ODBQU[TDB>=<4}SPS<YG8U:O[a<?bBGI8?eS:TDJ>T<Y@BN\V4B<4@B8UQ;>O8;Q;N\@BV
8;P,[a<?GwW>=<?@BV_CEDF8GI<Z6fVE@B>T8U`iVY:p8;PBQUVWP^[=>=<?>3<YPFNI`i<Y@S<d@B8yDBPB<4N\PBW8;P^[T8yjY8;G\VMQUNI@S<Y@@F8z>OVY[a<?Q;N!VYq Pw~
8;PBN\8;PB@BV 8UPQ;DF8;P^[a<8U:O[=8J8U{8;QL[=V 8U:&6fVY:TNIbFGI8H@B8U[T8;>T`4NIPB<Y>iQUDk<Yq G0:T8U>S<q 8;G0698;>;|q VM@FV @B8>OVY[a<?Q;N!VYq P
@B8,DBPS<t8;PS<?PS<tbFGR<YPBQ;<.VDBPB<t8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<.@B8,PB8;DM[=>TVYPB8;:UepDBPS<.jW8;lHQ;DFGI`4NIPS<:ODu{VW>O`h<YQUN!VWq P~ VW:
>T8U:TDBG[a<Y@FVW:@B8U`ZDB8;:g[=>T<YPoCEDF8AGR<Y:8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<Y:@B8APB8UDF[=>OVWPB8;:UeCXDB8_>T8;@FDBQ;8UPt8UPo`h<vcWVY>Q;DS<?PX[v|q <h:ODB:
@BN\`i8UPB:TN\VWPB8;:G\NIPB8;<YGI8U:;eX<Y@FCEDFNI8;>O8;P4Q;VW>g[!|q :TNI`4VW:(698;>;|q VE@BVW:*@B8k>TV?[a<YQUN!VWq P_CXDB80Q;VWN\PBQ;N\@B8;P_8;PiVW>T@F8;P4@B8
`i<YWPBN[=DB@,<YGVWbB:T8U>Oj?<Y@BV48;PH8;G$DBG\:=<Y>k@B8 /YVEQ;8UGIG\cEPw~
:&bBN\8;P :=<?bBNI@BV[a<Y`ZbFNL8;q PuCXDB8.GR<Y:i8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<Y:h6BDF8;@B8UP 8U:O[=<Y>&@BVY[=<Y@S<Y:i@B8Q;<Y`i69VW:i`h<YYP8Uq [TNIQ;VY:
NIPF@BDBQ;N\@BVW:y69VW>GR<,<YQUQ;N!VYq P@B84Q;VY>T>TN\8;P^[=8U:y@B8i6FGR<Y:O`h<8;Pt8;G*:O8;PBVBe69VW>y8 O8;`46BG\VBe@B84>T8;YNIVWPB8U:y@B8
Q;VYPXjY8;QUQ;N!VYq P.8;PJ:ODNIP^[T8;>TN\VW>;~NIQaBVW:0Qv<?`i69VW:k`h<?WPn8Uq [TNIQUVW:kCEDF8d8;PJGR<_:TDB698;>g}SQ;N\8d8;:g[=8UGR<Y>06BDB8U@B8;P
GIG\8;^<?>d<:O8;>A8;P]8KM[T>T8U`iV.QUVW`i6FGI8 OVY:;e8;P 8UGNIP^[T8;>TN\VW>d6FDB8;@B8UPs<YCXDBNI>ONI>dDFPS<8;:g[=>TDFQU[=DF>=<.VW>TW<YPBN $
lv<?@S<hcJQUVWPB:O8;>Oj?<Y>OGR<hB<Y:O[=<hGR<Y:`<?q :<vj?<YPBlv<?@S<Y:8L[a<Y6S<?:8;P.GI<h8UjYVWGIDBQUN!VWq PJ@B8ZGR<48;:g[=>T8UGIGI<h`iN\:T`i<F~
DB69VWPBN\8;PB@FVDBPP3DBq QUGI8UVJ8;:g[=8UGR<Y>@BVY[a<?@BVJ@B8hDBPQv<?`i69VJ`i<YWPn8Lq [=N\Q;VHQ;8;>OQv<YPB<Y`i8UP^[=8&@BN\6fVYGR<Y>Ue8UG
6B>ONIPBQUNI6BN\VH@F8iQUVWPB:T8U>Oj?<YQUN!VWq P@F8;G SD OV`h<YYP8Uq [TNIQ;VHVWbBG\NI^<&CXDB8iQ;DS<?PB@BV@BN\QaBVHPDBq Q;G\8;VH:T8h>O8;@BDFQ;8
8;P [=<Y`h< PF7 V " :OD<Yq >T8;<@BNI:O`iN\PEDMcW8 GR<NIP^[T8;PB:ONI@S<Y@ @F8;GQ;<Y`i69V:ODB6f8U>O}SQUNR<YG@B8;b98NIPBQU>T8U`i8UPX[=<Y>T:O8
Q;VYPB:TN\@B8;>T<YbBGI8U`i8UP^[=8Y~
DS<YPF@BVQ;VWPF:TNI@F8;>=<?`iVW:GR<4:TN\[TDS<YQUN!VWq P@F8dDBPS<&8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<4@B8ZPB8UDF[=>OVWPB8;:8UP{VW>T`i<YQUN!VWq PHPBVW:8UPBQ;VYP $
[=>T<Y`4VW:3QUVWPoGR<&<Y6B<Y>TN\Q;N!VYq PJ@B8ZN\P^[=8;PF:v|q :ONI`4VW:3Q;<Y`46fVW:3`h<YYP8Uq [TNIQ;VY:3CXDB8A8;Po@B8L[=8U>T`4NIPS<Y@B<Y:3QUVWPB@B%N $
Q;N\VWPB8U:p6BDB8;@F8;PJ`i<YPBN\6BDBGI<Y>QUVWPjMN\VWGI8UPBQ;NI<dGR<Z`i<?[T8;>TNI<dQv<?>T^<Y@B<_6F>TNIPFQ;NI6B<YGI`48;P^[=838;P,GR<Y:p>O8;WN\VWPB8U:
@B86fVWGI<Y>TN\@S<Y@s`h<?WPn8Uq [TNIQ;<t@BVYPB@B8J8U:&`i<!cYVW>;~ 8H8;:O[T8`4VM@BVt:T8{VW>T`i<YPs8;P @BN\QaS<Y:h>O8;WN\VWPB8U:
W6BDFPX[TVW:kQv<YG\NI8UPX[T8;: A8;P,GR<Z:ODB6f8U>O}SQUNI8chGR<Z`i<YWPB8L[=VW:g{8;>=<Z@F8GR<Z8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<FeFCXDB8y6BDF8;@B8UPN\PB@BDBQUNI>GI<
8;`4NI:ON!VWq Pi@B83N\PBW8UPX[T8;:Q;<YP^[=N\@S<Y@B8U:@B8>T<Y@BNR<?Q;N!VYq Ph@B8L[=8;QL[a<YbFGI8;:@B8;:O@B8 pNI8U>T>=<M~PGR<z}BWDB>=< ~ 6 :O8
>T8U6B>T8U:T8UPX[=<8U:TCXDB8;`<?q [TNIQv<?`i8UPX[T88UGSQ;VW`469VW>O[=<Y`iN\8;P^[=V3@B8kGR<8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<@B8kPB8;DF[T>TVWPF8;:xCEDF8@S<VW>ONIW8UP
<YGw6FDBGI:T<Y>kW8;PB8U>=<YG\`i8UP^[=8y<Y:OVMQUNR<Y@BVAQUVWPH8;GIGI<F~
56
Radiacin
emergente
Punto Caliente
Campo magntico
Eje de rotacin
:
8;:O@B8hGI<H6F>TNI`48;>T<NIPB:ONIPXDS<YQUN!VWq Pt@B84:TD8KFN\:O[T8;PBQUNR<8UP 8UGn:ONIWG\V ( ( ( e$S<Y:g[a<8UG*`<Yq :zQ;VY`i6BG\8U[TV
8;:g[=DB@FNIVy@B8k:TDB:x6B>OVW6BNI8U@S<Y@B8U:x<y6F>TNIPFQ;NI6FNIVW:(@F8;GS:TN\WGIV e^8UGIG\VW:(S<Ybw|q <YP_698;>T`i<YPB8UQ;N\@BV8;P48;GS6S<?6f8UG
Q;VY`iVA`48;>T<Y:Q;DF>TNIVY:TNI@B<Y@B8;:[T8VWq >ONIQ;<Y:pNI>O>T8v<?GINIl;<YbBG\8;:x8;P,GR<ZPS< [=DB>T<YGI8Ulv<F~G8U:O[=DF@BNIVA@B8yGI<Y:DBq G[=NI`i<Y:
cZjENIVYGI8;P^[=<Y:({ <Y:T8U:n@F80GI<8UjWVYGIDBQUN!VWq P_@B8kGR<?:8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:`h<Y:ON\j?<Y:S<}SPS<?GI`48;P^[=8p`4VW:O[T>=<Y@FVz8UGSQv<Y`4NIPFV
69VW>p8;GCXDB8zQ;DB8U>T69VW:p[a<YPHbBN\lv<Y>O>TVW:pQUVW`iVA8U:O[TVW:69VE@B>v|q <YP&{VW>T`i<Y>O:T8Y~
8;:OQ;>ONIbBN\>T8;`4VW:A<.QUVWP^[=NIPXDS<?Q;N!VYq Pu<?GIWDBPB<Y:A@B8,GR<Y:A6F>TVW6BN\8;@S<?@B8;:A6B>O8;@BN\QaS<Y:46S<Y>T<o8UGIG\VW:;e*GR<`i<YP $
8;>T<QUVW`iVH:TVYP {VW>T`i<Y@BVY:z8UPGIVY:]DBq G[=N\`iVW:3NIPB:g[a<YP^[=8U:d@B84GR<jENI@S<H@B84GR<Y:z8;:g[=>T8UGIGI<Y:cG\VW:y`i8U@BNIVY:
<Y:g[=>TV?{g|q :TN\Q;VW:pPF8;Q;8U:=<Y>ONIVW:k6S<?>=<A@B8U[T8;QL[a<Y>OGIVW:U~
$<h8LKMN\:O[=8UPBQ;NI<&@B8ZG\VW:35WD O8;>OVW: 8;W>OVW:{DB8dNIP^[=DBN\@S<h@B8U:T@B8AB<YQ;8ZDFPBVW:@BVY::TN\WGIVW:069VW>38UG{g|q :ONIQUV
NIPFWGL8Uq :/YVWBP N\QaB8;G\G~*P G\VW:,BNIG\VW:TVW6FBNIQ;<YG >=<?PB:=<YQL[=N\VWPB:VY{y[=F8 kV!c^<YG VMQUNI8L[ c8;P 4 2
N\QaB8;G\Gw8;:OQ;>TN\b|q <Me
( {n[=B84:T8U`iN\@BNR<Y`48U[T8;>V?{p<,:T6BB8U>T8iVY{[TB8i:T<Y`484@F8;PB:ON\[ c kN\[Tt[TB8 DBP n8;>O84[TV8KMQ;8;8U@[=S< [
VY{[TB8 DFP.NIP[TB8d6F>TVW69VW>O[TNIVWP :>: [=V e "g~~\~ <YG\G$GINIYX[08U`iN[T[=8U@{>OVW` :TDBQao<hb9VE@Fc VWDFGI@b98
`i<Y@B8[=V_>O8U[=DF>TPB:k[=V <Y>T@HN\[
$<NI@B8;<p@B8 NIQaF8;GIG {DB8([a<?`ZbBNL8Uq PQ;VWPFQ;8;bFNI@S<pNIPF@B8;698;PB@FNI8;P^[T8;`48;P^[=8*69VW>NI8U>T>T8 NI`4VWP@B8*$<Y6BGI<YQ;8?e
CXDBNI8UP8UP8UG$9< PB7 V 46 8U:TQU>TNIbFNI>;|q <Z8;PH:TDHGIN\bB>TVAKM69VW:TN[=NIVYPH@FD cE:g[=8;`48z@BD HVWPB@B8?e
P]<Y:O[T>T8GIDF`iN\PB8LK@B8`48;`48h@B8UPB:TN[=8CXDB8GI<[=8U>T>T88L[A@BVWP^[_G\8&@BNR<?`i8L[=>T8i:T8U>=<YN[A@B8;DEK Q;8UP^[=:
Q;N\PBCXDS<YP^[=8{VWN\:Z6BG\DB:ZW>T<YPB@]CXDB8,Q;8;G\8;DBN@BD]:TVWG\8;NePF8HGI<YNI:O:T8U>=<YN[ve(8UP]jY8;>g[=Ds@B8:TVWPu<?[O[=>=<?QU[=N\VWPwe
698;>OjY8;PBN\>p<YDBQUDBP&@B83:T8;:>=<vcWVWPF:ODB:TCXD <dPBVWDF: &FN\G98U:O[p@FVWPBQ369VW:O:TNIbFGI83CXDB83GI8;:n6BGIDF:nW>T<YPB@B:Q;VW>O6B:
GIDF`iN\PB8LKh@B8yG DBPBNjW8;>O:T8y:TVYNI8;P^[;eS6S<Y>kQ;8UGR<A`i8U`i8?eBNIP^jENI:ONIbBG\8;:
P&<Y`dbfVW:*>T<Yl;VWPB<Y`iN\8;P^[=VY:8;PBQUVWP^[=>=<?`iVW:*j?<Y>TNI<Y:Q;VY:=<Y:x8;PiQ;VW` DBq PwmGIVW:*Q;DF8;>T69VW:xQ;DFcW<8KFN\:O[T8;PBQUNR<
8;>T<d6B>OVW6BDB8U:O[a<Z69VW>x8;G\GIVW:x6fVY:T8Y|q <YPweE@B8<?Q;DB8U>T@BV_<z:TD@B8UPB:TN\@S<Y@hc_jWVYGIDB`48;P&`i<Y:T<Y:8KM[T>=<YVY>T@BN\PS<Y> $
NR<?`i8UPX[T8ZW>T<YPB@B8U:;e$Q;8U>TQv<?PS<Y:z< 3 : jW8UQ;8U:dGR<i`h<Y:T<@B8;G VWG~ZVWPo:T8;`48 T<?PX[T8;:y`i<Y:=<Y:Uewc>T<Y@BNIVY:
>T8UGR<?[TN\j?<Y`48;P^[=8698;CXDB8 PB7 VW:0@BNIQaBVY:0QUDB8;>O6fVY:6B>O8;:O8;P^[a<Y>;|q <YP8;P:TDJ:ODB698;>O}BQ;NI8y{DB8U>Tlv<?:@B8z<?[T>=<YQUQ;NvVWq P
W>T<!jEN[a<YQUNIVWPS<?Gx[=<YP W>=<?PB@B8;:ACXDB8GI<jW8UGIVEQ;N\@S<Y@ @B88U:TQv<?6f8 "GR<PB8UQ;8;:T<Y>TNI<6S<Y>T<EDFNI>Z@B8UG>T8L[=8UP $
[=NjWVi8U{8;QL[=V@B8:TD.W>T<vjW8;@B<Y@ :O8;>;|q <hN\WDS<YG$Vh`i<vcWVW>CXDB8ZGR<_@B8ZGI<4G\DBlY~P.8;:g[a<Y:QUVWPB@BN\Q;N\VWPB8;:Ue9c
:TDF6fVWPFNI8;PF@BVCXDB8ZGR<4GIDBl8;:g[r<hq {VW>O`h<Y@B<i69VW>3DBP.B<YlZ@B8Z6B<Y>O[v|q Q;DFGR<Y:Ue9[=<YGcQ;VY`iViGIVhB<Yb|q <i6B>TVW6 $
DB8U:O[=V 8 p[=VWP 3:: < PF7 VW:A<YP^[=8U:;exPBNIPFDBq P >=<vcWVo@B8,G\DBlh[=8UPB@B>;|q <.GR<:ODF}SQ;N\8;P^[=8,8UPB8;>OS|q <QUNIPn8Lq [=NIQ;<
PB8UQ;8;:T<Y>TNI<H6B<Y>=<,8;:OQv<Y6S<?>@B8_DBPtQ;DF8;>T69VJQUVWPtGR<Y:6B>OVW6BN\8;@S<Y@F8;:z@B8;:OQ;>TN[a<Y:U~h8U:T@B848;G8KE[=8;>ONIVW>y8UG
Q;DF8;>T69V<?6S<Y>T8UQ;8U>v|q <HVW:TQUDB>TV6fVY>GI<HN\`i69VW:TN\bBNIG\NI@S<?@J@B84CXDB8hGI<HG\DBli8U`iN[=N\@S<@B8;:O@B8h:OD:TDB698;>g}SQ;N\8
PBVW:0<YG\Qv<YPFlv<Y>T<F~
V!co69VM@F8;`4VW:z<Y:T8UWDB>=<?>CXDB84GIVW:y:ODB6BDB8U:O[=VY:d@B84GIVW:yCXDB8i6S<Y>O[TNI8U>TVWP N\QaB8;G\G*c.<?6BGR<YQU8_8;P :ODB:
>=<?l;VWPS<?`iN\8;P^[=VW::TVWP,8;>O>TVWPF8;VW:UeSGR<ZGIDFlPBV_8;:pDBPH:TN\`i6FGI83QaFVW>T>OV4@F86S<Y>O[vq QUDBGR<Y:nc&GR<dj?<YG\NI@B8Ul3@B8yGI<
[=8UVW>;|q <3@B8GI<3W>T<!jEN[a<YQUN!VWq P@B8 8 p[=VWP_PBV6FDB8;@B8p:O8;>:OVW:O[T8;PBN\@S<8;PZ[TVM@BVY:(| GIVW:Qv<Y:OVW:;e^69VW>[=<YP^[=V:ODB:
Q;VYPBQ;G\DB:TN\VWPB8;:yPBVH6BDB8U@B8;P:T8U>QUVW`i6FGI8U[=<Y`48;P^[=8Zj<Yq G\NI@S<Y:U~ VHVWbB:g[a<YP^[=8?e:ODB:z6B>TVW6FDB8;:g[a<Y:y{DB8;>OVWP
GR<&bB<Y:T8A6S<?>=<DBPo6fVY:O[=8U>TN\VW><YPk<?q GINI:ONI:@B8;G(6F>TVWbBG\8;`i<h@B8UG8U{8;QL[=V,@B8_GR<iW>=<vjEN\[=<YQ;NvVWq P " `4NI>T<Y@S<hQUVWP
V OVW:`4VE@B8;>OPBVW: :OVWbB>O84GI<&GIDB#l "8;PoGR<hjEN\:TN!VYq PtQUVWP^[=8U`i69VW>=<?PB8v< CXDB8_8U`iN[=8ZDBPtQ;DF8;>T69VBe<YPk<?q GINI:ONI:
CXDB84Q;VWPB@FDBQ;8h<H>O8;:TDFG\[a<?@BVW:y:TN\`iN\GR<Y>O8;:<GIVY:zVYbF[=8UPBNI@BVY:z69VW>yGIVY:`i8U@BNIVW:DF:=<Y@BVY:69VW> NIQaF8;GIG(c
$<Y6BGI<YQ;8?~
c_`h<Y:T< eMCXDB83QUVWGR<Y6F:=<zc_@F8;:T@F8Q;DFcW<Z:TDB698;>g}SQ;N\8
( `i<YWNIPF8;`4VW:DBP&QUDB8;>O6fVZ8U:O{v8Uq >TNIQUVd@B8>=<Y@FNIV
8;:08;`4N\[TNI@BVADFPJ>=<vcYVh@B8zGIDBly`4VWPBVEQ;>OVW`< q [=NIQ;<Z@B8zGIVWPBYN\[=DF@@B8VYPB@S< $~ PJVYbB:T8U>Oj?<Y@BVW>0:TN[=DS<?@BV
<AW>=<?PH@FNI:O[=<YPBQUNR<A@B8;GVYbEO8U[TVi:ONIWDB86B<Y:TVi<A6S<Y:TV4:TDH8UjYVWGIDFQ;N!VYq Pw~
#
M
PoQw<Yq GIQUDBGIV@BN\>T8UQU[=VFe`i8U@BNR<YP^[T8A8;G(DB:OV@F8AGR<Y:F8;>T>T<Y`4NI8;P^[=<Y:@B8_GR<8;VW>;|q < 8;PB8U>=<YG@B8_GR< k8;G $
<?[TN\jENI@S<?@ "GR<o`iVE@B8U>TPS<.[=8UVW>v|q <t@B8GR<.W>T<!jEN[a<YQUN!VWq P 698;>O`iN[=88;:g[a<YbFGI8;QU8;>iGR<o8LKMNI:g[=8;PFQ;NR<t@B8HDBPS<
@BN{8;>T8UPBQ;NI<J8;P^[T>T88;G>TN\[T`iVJ<YGCXDB8&[T>=<YPF:TQ;DF>T>T88UG[=N\8;`46fV8;P]GR<:TDB698;>g}SQ;N\8@B8;GnVWbEO8U[TVo8;:O[TDB@B%N $
<Y@BV&cJ8;P.8UG(>T8L{8;>T8UPBQ;NI<YG(@B8UG(VWbB:O8;>gjY<?@BVW>;~ NGIGR<?`h<Y`4VW: <&GR<h@BDF>=<YQUN!VWq P.@B8ADFP.8UjW8UP^[=VHQ;VW`4V
8;:y`48;@BN\@BV,8;PtGR<&:ODB6f8U>O}SQUNI84@B8;GQUDB8;>O6fVFeGI<&>T8;GI<?[=NjENI@S<Y@JW8;PB8U>=<YG*6B>O8;@BN\Q;8_CXDB8_8;Pt8;G`i<Y>TQUV,@B8
>T8L{8;>O8;PBQUNR<_@B8;GVWbF:T8;>gj?<Y@BVW>kGI8 T<YPBVA@BN\QaBV48UjW8UP^[=Vi[TNI8UPB8DBPS<_@BDB>T<YQ;NvVWq P 8 @S<?@S<A6fVW>Ue
" ~
8
N~ 8Y~38;PoGR<4:TDB698;>g}SQ;N\8A@B8;GQ;DB8U>T69VGR<Y:Q;VW:T<Y:6S<Y>O8;Q;8UP.[=>=<?PB:TQUDB>T>ONI>3`<Yq :GI8;P^[=<Y`i8UP^[=8ZQUDS<YPB@BV:OVWP
VWbB:O8;>gjY<?@S<Y:0@B8;:O@B8G\VAGI8 OVW:;~5 8;:g[=8{8;PpVWq `i8UPBV4:T8yGIVAQUVWPBVEQ;8yQ;VW`4V_@BNIGI<?[a<?Q;N!VYq Ph[=8U`i69VW>=<?G~
P&8;:g[a<Y:Q;VWPB@FNIQ;N\VWPB8U:n:ONfG\VdCXDB83QUVWPB:ONI@B8U>=<Y`4VW:8U:GI<8;`4NI:ON!VWq P_@B83DBPhVWPF@S<dGIDF`J|q PBNIQ;<y@F83698;>;|q VM@FV
uc{>O8;Q;DF8;PBQUNR<
feS8;G$8U{8UQU[TVi@B8zGR<Z@FNIGR< [a<YQUN!VWq P&[T8;`46fVW>T<YGwN\PB@BDBQUNI>S<Zq 8UPJGI<ZVWPB@S<_@B8U[T8;QL[a<Y@S<4@B8;:O@B8
GIV,G\8 OVW:yDBPS<H<YG[=8;>T<YQ;NvVWq P.@B8UGx698;>;|q VE@BV,@S<Y@S<,69VW> ~ eCXDB8i:O8i`i<YPBN{8;:g[a<Y>T<h}SPS<YG\`i8UPX[T8_8;PtDBPS<
Q;VYPX[T>=<YQUQ;NvVWq P@F8zGI<d{>T8UQ;DB8UPBQ;NI<48KF6F>T8;:T<Y@BVi6fVW>Ue
8
PFVi@B8zGIVY:p6B>TN\PBQ;N\6BNIVW:@B8GI< 8UVW>v|q <_@F8GI< k8;GI<?[=NjENI@S<Y@h:TDB69VWPB8zGR<ANIP^j?<Y>ONR<YPBl;<A@B8yGR<ZjW8UGIVEQ;NI@B<Y@
@B8kGR<G\DBlpQ;DS<?PB@BVd8U:*`i8U@BNI@S<69VW>Q;DB<YGICXDBN\8;>VWbB:O8;>gjY<?@BVW>;~ NS8;:O[TV8U:<?:v|q GR<<?PX[T8;>ONIVW>QUVWP^[=>=<?Q;Q;NvVWq P
8;PHGR<z{>T8;QUDB8;PFQ;NR<_@B8GI<ZVWPB@S<A:T8y`i<YPBN{8;:O[=<Y>S<Zq QUVW`4VADBPS<A@BNIGI<?[a<?Q;N!VYq Ph8;PH:TD,G\VWPBWN[=DB@weM@S<Y@S<A69VW>;e
$<i>T<Y@BNR<?Q;N!VYq P8;`4N\[=N\@S<A@B8;:O@B8dGI<4:ODB698;>O}BQ;NI8@B8zQ;DS<YG\CXDBNI8U>0VYbEO8U[TVhW>T<!jEN[a<YP^[=8?er:TDF{>ONI>S<_q 8;PjMN\>O[TDB@
@B8yGIV_<?PX[T8;>ONIVW>pDBPHQ;VY>T>TN\`iN\8;P^[=VAY>=<vjEN\[a<?Q;NIVYPS<YGw<?Gw>TV OVF~
G38L{8;QU[TV Q;VW`dbBNIPS<?@BV @B8UG3QUVW>T>ONI`4NI8;P^[TV<YG0>TV OVcGI<@BN\GR<?[=<YQ;NvVWq Ps[T8;`46fVY>=<YG06B>TVE@BDBQU8.<Y@B8U`<?q :
DBPS<&@FNI:T`4NIPXDBQUN!VWq P@B8AGR<46fV?[=8;PFQ;NR<h[TVY[a<?G@B8dGR<hVWPF@S<&@B8U[T8;QL[a<Y@S<@B8U:T@B8AG\V&GI8 OVW:;~ N:TDF6fVWPF8;`4VW:
CXDB8&8UP DBP[=N\8;`46fV e(`i8U@BNI@FV8;PGI<:ODB6f8U>O}SQUNI8?ex:OVWP8U`iN[=NI@FVW: {VY[=VWPF8;:ZQUVWP8;PF8;>TB|q <
" `48;@FNI@S<h[=<Y`ZbBNL8;q P.8;PoGI<&:TDB698;>g}SQ;N\84@F8;GVWbEO8L[=V,8;:g[=DB@FNR<Y@BV eGR<&69VY[T8;PBQUNR<h[=V?[a<YG>=<Y@BNI<Y@S<FeQ;VW`4V
8;:kVWbF:T8;>gj?<Y@S<4<YGIG|q eS:T8U>S<,q e
8
8
>T8U8;`46BGR<?lv<YPB@FV4GI<Y:p>T8U:T698;QL[=N\j?<Y:k>O8;GR<?Q;NIVYPB8;:p:O8zVYbF[=N\8;PB8?e
8;:x@B8UQ;NI>*@B8U:T@B8<?{DB8U>=<yGR<69VY[=8UPBQ;NI<z@B8L[=8UQU[a<?@S<8U:xN\PF{8;>ONIVW>*<yGR<>O8v<YG\`i8UP^[=8k8;`4N\[TNI@S<69VW>GR<{DB8UP^[=8
@B8yGIDFl8;PHGR<A:TDB698;>g}SQ;N\8y@B8;GQUDB8;>O6fVB~
P:;|q P^[=8U:TN\:;eBGI<A<YG\[T8;>=<?Q;N!VYq P&@B8;Gw[TNI8U`i69VZ6B>OVM@BDFQ;NI@B<_69VW>8L{8;QL[=V4@B8GR<ZW>T<vjW8;@B<Y@8UPGI<Y:QU8;>TQ;<YP|q <Y:
@B8UGQUDB8;>O6fVhQ;VWPB:ONI@B8U>=<Y@FVBerNIPB@BDFQ;8zQv<Y`ZbFNIVW:k8;PGR<_>=<Y@FNR<YQUN!VWq P,8;`4N\[TNI@S<Z@F8;:T@F8Z<YG\G |q m PJ8UPB>T>OV O8;Q $
NI`4NI8UP^[=VAQv<?DB:=<Y@FVi69VW>kGR<A@BN\:T`4NIPXDBQ;NvVWq P8;PHGR<Z{>O8;Q;DF8;PBQUNR<4c&DBPS<4<?[=8UPEDB<YQ;NvVWq P@F8:ODG\DB`iN\PBVW:ONI@S<Y@
Qv<?DB:=<Y@FVi:ONI`ZDBG[r<Yq PF8v<Y`48;P^[=836fVW>k8UG8;PB>OV O8;QUNI`4NI8;P^[TVZcGR<A@BN\GR<?[=<YQ;NvVWq Ph[=8U`i69VW>T<YG~
PB<i:TN[=DS<?Q;N!VYq PQU>v|q [TNIQ;<_6FDB8;@B8:T8U>3NI@F8;P^[=N}SQv<Y@B<i<YPB<YGIN\lv<YPB@FViGI<Y:0<YP^[=8;>ONIVW>O8;:08LKM6B>O8;:TN\VWPB8U:;~ D8 q
:TDFQ;8;@F8QUDS<YPB@BVi<YGwQUVWGR<?6B:=<Y>8;GQ;DF8;>T69V4<Y@BCXDBN\8;>T8yDBP[=<Y`h< PF7 VZQ;8U>TQv<?PBVh<
^~xG[TNI8;`469V
8;P^[T>T88LjW8;P^[TVW:hjW8UQ;N\PBVW:&:O8S<YQU8JNIPM}SPBN\[=<Y`48;P^[=8,W>T<YPB@B8?epGIVW:4:TDBQU8;:OVW:6S<Y>O8;Q;8UP Q;VWPFW8;GI<Y>T:O8J<YG\G |q
@BVWPF@B8_<YQv<?8;Q;N\8;>OVWP.6fVY> DBq G\[TNI`i<ZjW8;l?~Z$<h>T<Y@BNR<?Q;N!VYq PJ:T8AB<YQ;8AN\PF}SPBN[a<Y`48;P^[=8 W>TVT< hc:TDo6fV?[=8;P $
Q;NI<J:T8B<YQ;88UP 8LKE[=>O8;`4Vt698;CXDB8 PS7 <Q;VW`4V6S<?>=<:T8U>A@B8U[T8;QL[a<YbBG\8&69VW>ZNIPF:O[=>ODB`48;P^[=Vo<YG\WDBPBV mi8UG
VWbEO8L[=Vi@B8;:T<Y6S<Y>O8;Q;8d@B8PXDB8U:O[T>=<hjENI:g[a<F~ 8S<_{VW>T`i<Y@BV4GIV4CXDB8 HNIQaB8UGIGwc$<Y6BGR<?Q;8Yer69VW>k`i8U@BNIVY:
Q;VY`i6BG\8U[=<Y`i8UP^[=8@BN\:O[=N\P^[=VW:UeBS<Ybw|q <YP,6B>T8U@BNIQaFVHm*DBPHVWbEO8L[=V4VW:TQUDB>TVF~
:O[=<3`iVE@B8U>TPS<pjENI:TNvVWq Pz@B8;GE8U{8UQU[=V3CEDF8n[=N\8;PB8xGR<kW>T<!jY8;@S<?@Z:TVWbF>T8GI<0G\DBl*PBVW:6f8U>T`4N\[=8*6BDF8;:6F>T8;@F8;Q;N\>
GR<8KMNI:O[T8;PBQUNR<p@B8QUDB8;>O6fVW:$@B8U:T@B8*QUDFc^<k:TDB698;>g}SQ;N\8*VpNIP^[=8U>TNIVY>w8;:N\`i69VW:TN\bBGI8@B8U[T8;QL[a<Y>8KM[T8;>ONIVW>O`i8UPX[T8
>=<?@BNR<YQUN!VWq P,<?GIWDBPB<FeF@B8U:T@B8zDBPS<_@BN\:O[a<?PBQ;NI<A<4:ODQU8;P^[=>OViN\PF{8;>ONIVW>p<Me
5 8U:O[a< @BN\:O[=<YPBQ;NI<Q;>;|q [TNIQv<s:T8 GI<Q;VWPFVMQU8Q;VW`4V 0<Y@BNIVu@B8 Qa <Y>TlU:TQaBN\GI@ 8;P BVWPFVW>.< <Y>TG
Qa <Y>T:Ol;QaBN\GI@we{ |q :TN\Q;V&<?GI8;`<Yq PHCXDBNI8UP.>T8;:OVWG\jENvVhq 69VW>6F>TNI`48;>T<4jY8;lZ:ONIPPBN\PBWDBPB<h<Y6B>OVvKFN\`h<?Q;N!VYq P8UG
6B>OVWbBGI8U`h<@B8yGR<Z<YG[=8U>=<YQUN!VWq P@B8UGw8;:O6S<YQUNIVAc&8UG[=N\8;`46fVZ8UPGI<Y:jY8;Q;N\PB@S<Y@F8;:0@B8DBP,Q;DB8U>T69V_8;:O{v8Uq >TN\Q;V
Q;VYP`i<Y:=<MeB:TVWG\DBQ;NvVWq P8;PHGR<ACXDB8y:T8zbS<Y:T<APEDF8;:O[T>TViQ<Yq G\Q;DBG\VA@B8yGR<A@BNIGI<?[a<?Q;N!VYq Pi[=8U`i69VW>T<YG~
N(8U:yNI`46fVW:ONIbBG\8CXDB8_GI<hGIDBlA6FDB8;@S<8U:TQv<?6S<Y>y@B8AGR<&>O8;WNvVWq P.NIP^[T8;>TN\VW><?G <?@BNIV&@F8 Qa <Y>O:TlUBNIG\@we
PBN\PBWDBPS<.VY[T>=<.Q;VY:=<o8;Ps8;GpDBPBNjW8U>T:TVtGIVoS<?>S< q ~]53:;|q QUDS<YG\CEDFNI8;>A6B<Y>O[v|q Q;DFGR<CXDB8H:T8H<Y6B>OV!KMN\`i8,<YG
Q;DF8;>T69Vs< DBPS< @BNI:g[a<YPFQ;NR<N\PF{8;>ONIVW>h<@BNIQaFVs>T<Y@BN\VBeCXDB8U@S<Y>B<]q N\PB8UjEN[a<YbBG\8;`48;P^[=8<?[=>T<Y6S<Y@S<M~$<
:TDF6f8U>O}SQUNI8*CXDB8n@F8U}SPB8?e?:O8*Q;VWPB:g[=N[=DFcY8n6BDF8;:$8;PzDBPS< W`48;`ZbB>T<YPS< pDFPBNI@BN\>T8UQ;Q;N\VWPS<YG?CXDB8*GIVW:w[T8VWq >ONIQ;VY:
GIGI<Y`i<YP VW>TN\l;VWP^[T8@B8y(jW8;P^[TVW: 4cPXDB8;:g[=>TV4Q;DF8;>T69V4:T8Q;VYPXjEN\8;>O[T8y8;PHDBP,:TDB`4NI@B8U>TVA@B8y8UPB8;>OS|q <F~
:O[=<Y:Q;<Y>S<Yq QL[=8U>v|q :g[=N\Qv<Y:xGI80`i8U>T8UQ;NI8U>TVWPh<8U:O[=8[=NI69Vz@B83VWbXO8U[=VY:8;GrPBVY`ZbB>T8@B8 Y53WD O8U>TVW: 8UW>TVY:
<YQUD PS7 <Y@BV_69VW+> /YVWBP B8;8UGI8U>08UPGI<Z@B8;Q;<Y@S<_@B8 3 654: ~
PB<ujW8UlGIVW:,[=8wVWq >TN\Q;VW:H@B8GR<]W>=<vjEN\[=<YQ;NvVWq P :O8698;>TQ;<?[a<?>TVWP @B8 GI<u8LKMN\:O[=8UPBQ;NI<@B8t[a<YP 8LKE[=>T9< PS7 <
6B>O8;@BN\Q;Q;NvVWq PH@B8dGI<4>O8;GR< [=N\jEN\@S<Y@W8UPB8;>T<YGerNIPF`i8U@BNR<?[=<Y`48;P^[=8:O8dQ;DF8;:O[TNIVWPB<Y>TVWPJ<YQ;8U>TQ;<i@B8:TN$GR<_PS<?[ $
DB>T<YGI8Ulv<A6fVE@B>;|q <d{VW>O`h<Y>Q;DB8U>T69VW:p[a<YPH:TN\PBWDBGI<Y>T8U:;~
G`iN\:T`4VNIPB:g[=8UNIPwe$8;G6B<Y@B>T8_@B8_GI< 8UVW>v|q < 8;PF8;>=<?G(@B84GR< k8;GR< [=N\jEN\@S<Y@wef>T8v<?Q;NIVH<Q;VYPB:TN\@B8;>T<Y>
DBPS<.[a<?Gp6fVW:ONIbBN\GIN\@S<Y@we(@F8;`4VW:O[T>SVoq 8;Pu8;Gk< PB7 Vo@B8 36W6 CXDB8H8;>T<.NI`46fVW:ONIbBG\8h{g|q :ONIQ;<Y`i8UP^[=8&CXDB8HDBP
:TN\:O[T8;`i<i@B8z6S<Y>g[!|q QUDBGR<?:0DFPBNI@S<?:69VW>0:TDW>T<vjW8;@B<Y@Q;VYGR<Y6B:T<Y>=<?PS<?:O[a<4CXDB8Z8;G$:ONI:O[T8;`i<h<Y@FCEDFNI>TN\8;>T<
@BN\`i8UPB:TN\VWPB8;:k`48;PBVY>T8;:3<4GI<Y:0@B8:OD>=<?@BNIV_@B8 Qa <Y>O:TlUQaBNIG\@w~ NIP8;`ZbS<?>TWVBeScW<i@B8U:T@B8ZB<YQ;8zDBP
Y
bBDB8UPt[TNI8U`i69V:T8_S<Ybw|q <&6B>O8;@BN\QaBV,GR<&8LKMN\:O[=8UPBQ;NI<H@F8AGR<Y:8U:O[=>O8;G\GR<Y:@F84PF8;DF[T>TVWPB8U:QUVW`4V>T8;:ONI@BDFVW:
@B8UGn6B>OVMQU8;:OV@B8h8LjWVWG\DBQ;NvVWq P 8U:O[T8;GR<?>;~ bEO8U[TVW:dQUVW`iVH8;:g[=VW:[=8;Pw|q <YPoc^<J@FNI`48;PB:ONIVWPB8U:QU8;>OQv<YPS<?:A<
GR<?:A@B8;G[=<Y`i<9PB7 VQ;>;|q [TNIQ;V.6F>T8;@FNIQaBVB~ Np8;:O[TVo8;>=<t<Y:;|q 8;>T<o@F8H8U:T698;>T<Y>T:O8CXDB8,Q;DB<YPB@BVt8;GpP3DBq QUGI8UV
@B8i8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:`i<Y:TNj?<Y:[=DFjENI8U>=<JDFPS<`i<Y:=<H:TDB698;>ONIVW><YG*`< q KMNI`4VH:OVW69VW>O[=<YbBGI8469VW>GI<6B>O8;:ON!VWq P@B8
@B8UW8;PB8U>=<YQUN!VWq P @B8hG\VW:PF8;DF[T>TVWPB8U:;e8UGnQUVWGR<Y6F:TVN\PB8UjEN\[=<YbBG\84G\GI8LjY<?>v|q <,<YG*VWbXO8U[=VJ6fVW>z@B8UbS<OV.@B8i:TD
>=<?@BNIVH@B8 Qa <Y>O:TlUQaBNIG\@ Q;VWP^jENI>g[=NL8Uq PB@BVWG\V,8;P DFP53WDO8;>TV 8UW>TVB~ ! NIPS<?GI`48;P^[=8?e8UG*`iN\:T`4V< PF7 V
8;P8;G*CXDB8i*N\PB:O[T8;N\P6BDFbBGIN\Qv<Y>T<,:OD @B8U`iVY:O[=>T<YQ;NvVWq Pwe kVWbf8U>O[ 6B698;PBB8UNI`48;>y@B8U`ZDB8;:g[=>T<CXDB84DBPS<
jW8Ul&:TDF6f8U>=<Y@S<:TD`i<Y:=<HQ;>;|q [=N\Qv<,DBPS<J8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<,@B8&PB8UDF[=>OVWPB8U:dQ;VYGR<Y6B:T<N\>T>T8L{>T8UPS<YbBG\8;`48;P^[=84S<Y:g[a<
Q;VYPXjY8;>g[=NI>O:T848;PtDBPt6BDBP^[=VBe$DBPB<H:ONIPBWDFGR<Y>ONI@S<Y@J8;:T6B<YQ;N\V $ [T8;`46fVW>T<YGe9c.69VW>[a<YP^[TVBe$8;PtDBP <?WD O8;>OV
PB8UW>TVB~
V!cz:=<?bf8U`iVW:UeYQUVW`iV0}SPS<YG\`i8UP^[=8xGIV0@B8;`4VW:O[T>=<Y>T< 6B698;PFB8;N\`i8U>;eYCXDB88;GXPDBq Q;G\8;V@B8n8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<Y:`ZDFc
`i<Y:TNjY<?: " A CXDB8iS<YP8;P^jW8 O8;Q;N\@BVBePBV6BDB8U@B8h:O8;>d:OVW69VW>O[=<Y@BVJ69VW>y{DB8;>Olv<<YGIWDFPS<,c
Q;VYGR<Y6B:T<dNIPF8UjEN\[=<YbBGI8U`i8UP^[=80S<Y:O[=<ZQ;VWP^jY8;>O[TNI>O:T88;PDFP,<YWD O8U>TVZPB8UW>TVF~**P:O8;P^[=N\@BVA8;:g[=>ONIQU[TVZ6BDB8U@B8
@B8UQ;NI>O:T8n:TNIP8;`ZbB<Y>TWVFe?CXDB8nQ;DS<YPF@BV8;GEQ;VYGR<Y6B:OV0}BPS<YGE@B8nDFPd[a<YGXP3DBq QUGI8UV8U:O[=8UGR<Y>8;:VWbB:O8;>Oj?<Y@FV@B8;:O@B8
8;G08LKE[T8;>TN\VW>;epGI<<?G\[=8U>=<YQUN!VWq Ps@B8UG8U:T6S<YQUNIV $[=N\8;`46fVt8;P:ODB:ijY8;QUNIPB@S<?@B8;:6B>OV!jWVEQv<Y>T< GR<t<Y6S<Y>ONI8UPBQ;NI<
@B8HDBPS<t<Y6B>OV!KMN\`h<YQUN!VWq P 8L[=8U>TPS<t@B8@FNIQaBVtPDBq Q;G\8;Vt<o:TD>T<Y@BN\VtQU>v|q [=NIQUV.c]PEDFPBQv<t8;G[=>T<Y:T6B<Y:TV@B8
8;:g[a<,bS<Y>O>T8;>T<<?:TNIP^[SVYq [=N\Qv<F~_PtGR<>T8;<YGIN\@S<Y@.8LKMN\:O[=N\>S<Yq Po6BDF8;:z8;P GI<h{VW>T`i<@B8_8;:g{8;>=<?:@B8_`i<?[=8U>TNI<
Q;VYPBW8;GI<Y@S<Y:c&Q;VW`46BGI8L[a<Y`48;P^[T8VW:TQUDB>=<Y:U~
NwG\VW:p<YYD O8;>OVW:PB8UW>TVW:pPFV48U`iN[=8UP>=<Y@BNI<YQ;NvVWq PweFyQwVWq `4VA6fVE@B8;`4VW:698;>OQv<?[=<Y>TPFVW:p@B8:TD,8KFN\:O[T8;PBQUNR<
W~
$<:OVWGIDBQUN!VWq P@B8h8U:O[T8&6B>TVYbBGI8U`h<FeGR<,@B8L[=8;QUQ;NvVWq P @B8hG\VW:<YWD O8U>TVW:zPB8;Y>TVW:Ue(:T8&B<Q;VYPB:O[TN\[=DFNI@BV8;P
DBPBV,@B8AG\VW:`<Yq :@w|q }SQ;N\GI8U:6B>TVYbBGI8U`h<Y:VWbB:O8;>Oj?<YQUNIVWPB<YGI8U:@B8;G(6F>T8;:O8;P^[=8?~ N(bBN\8;P.6B>OV!jW8;PFNI8;P^[T8;:z@B8
8;G\GIVW:_PBV6BDB8U@B8.<YG\Qv<YPBl;<Y>TPFVW:_PBNIPBDFq Ps[TNI69V@B8>=<Y@FNR<YQUN!VWq Pwex:TD`h<Y:T<6BDF8;@B88 O8;>OQ;8U>hDBP8L{8;QL[=V
W>T<!jEN[a<YQUNIVWPS<?GQ;DB<YP^[=N\}BQv<YbBG\8:TVWbF>T8y`h<?:=<Y:pjW8UQ;N\PS<Y:;~
VY>:TDB8U>O[=8.DFPS<bBDB8UPS< 6S<Y>O[T8.@B8GI<Y:&8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y:&:O8{VW>T`i<YP8UP QUVW`46S9< PB7 NR<o@B8.VY[T>=<Y:h8;:O[T>T8UGIGR<?:
:TN\:O[T8;`i<Y:`ZDBG[=N\6BGI8U:;~ Nw8;PDFP:TNI:g[=8U`h<dQUVW`4VZ8;:g[=88UjY8;P^[=DB<YGI`48;P^[=8DFPS<Z@B8GI<Y:QUVW`i69VWPB8UP^[=8;:p:O8
Q;VYPXjEN\>O[=N\8;>T<,8UPDFPN\PXjEN\:TNIbFGI8Z5WD O8;>OV 8;Y>TVBe<YDBPt:TN\Po:T8;>z@B8L[=8;QL[a<Y@FV@BN\>T8UQU[a<?`i8UPX[T8Ye$8;G8L{8;QL[=V
CXDB8[T8;PB@F>v|q <z:TVWbF>T83GI<Y:*@B8;`<Yq :nQ;VW`46fVYPB8;P^[=8U::O83Q;VYPXjY8;>g[=NI8U>O[T838;Ph:T8 PS7 <?G9:O8;WDF>=<d@B80:TDh8LKMNI:g[=8;PFQ;NR<M~
[=>T<H@B8_GI<Y:y:TN\[TDS<YQUNIVWPB8U:y8;PtGR<Y:yCXDB846BDB8;@F8i8U:O[a<?>8UPXjEDB8UG\[TVJDBP<YWD O8U>TVHPB8;Y>TVH8;:O[T8;GI<Y>;e$c.CXDB8
{ <YQUNIGIN[a<YP4:TD,@B8L[=8UQ;Q;NvVWq PweM8;:k<YCXDB8UGIGR<8;PGR<Q;DS<YGf`h< [=8;>ONR<z6B>TVEQ;8U@B8;P^[=8yGI<d`h<vcYVW>v|q <@B8GI<Y:njY8;Q;8U:k@B8
8;:g[=>O8;GIGI<Y:kjW8;QUNIPB8U: " QUVWPGR<?:CXDB8z{VW>T`i<YPJ69VW>08 O8U`i6BG\VhDBPJ:TN\[T8;`i<ibBN\PS<Y>ONIV 8U:6BDB8U:O[a<&8UP VWq >ObBN\[=<
:TDJ<YGI>O8;@B8U@BVW>U~nVW>k8U{8UQU[=V4@B8zGIVW:pN\P^[=8;PF:TVW:0Qv<Y`469VW:pW>=<vjEN\[=<YQ;N\VWPS<YG\8;:GI<A`h<?[T8;>ONR<Z8;:<YQU8;GI8U>=<Y@B<Ac
69VW>(8;GF>TVWl;<Y`iN\8;P^[=VQ;<YGI8UP^[a<Y@S<<PBNjW8UGI8;:8KE[=>T8U`iVY:CEDF8pGR<VWbBG\NI^<?PA<8;`4N\[TNI>Q;VW6BN\VW:=<?:Qv<YP^[=N\@S<Y@B8U:
@B8i>=<Y@BNI<YQ;NvVWq Pt@B8&<YG[a<,8;PB8U>TB|q < "W8;PB8U>=<YG\`i8UP^[=8 <vcWVY: ~$<H@B8U[T8;Q;QUN!VWq P @B8i{DB8UP^[=8;:A@F8h@BN\QaS<
>=<?@BNR<YQUN!VWq Po8UP:TN\:O[=8U`h<?:bBN\PS<Y>ONIVW:y8;:NIPB@FNIQ;N\V,:T8;YDB>TV@F8iGI<H8KFN\:O[T8;PBQUNR<J@B8h<YWD O8U>TVW:zPB8UW>TVW:zCXDB8
>TVYbS<YP,`h< [=8;>ONR<YG<A:TDJ8U:O[T>T8;G\GR<ZQUVW`i6B9< PB7 8;>T<F~
$'x/01v/01;)4
~ KM6BGIN\Qv<Y>GR<J@F8;698;PB@B8UPBQ;NI<CXDB8&[=N\8;PB8&8UGnj?<YG\VW>@F8&GR<J`i<Y:T<JQ;>;|q [=N\Qv<H@B8 /Y8v<YPF: " @S<?@S<6fVY>
~ QUVWPGI<Z@B8;PF:TNI@B<Y@weSGR<Z[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<ZcGI<ZQ;VW`46fVY:TNIQUN!VWq PCXDw|q `iN\Qv<d@F8zDFPS<4PXDBb98Y~
'
"
"!
~ $<i8UPS<YPS<ibBGR<YPFQv<_`<Yq :k{?<Yq QUNIG$@B8dVYbB:T8U>Oj?<Y>3:O8d8UPBQ;DB8UP^[=>=<&8UPGR<_Q;VYPB:O[T8;GR<?Q;N!VYq PJ@B8UG z|q Vi>TN $
@S<?PBVB~8;>g[=8;PF8;Q;8<DBPu:TNI:g[=8U`h<.[=>ONI6BG\8@B8;PBVY`iN\PS<Y@BVoQ;VYP ODBP^[a<Y`48;P^[T8 5: >TNI@B<YPBN~u$<
QUVW`i69VWPB8UP^[=8 5: >TNI@B<YPBN 8;:kGR<Z8UPS<YPS<_bBGI<YPBQv<A8UPQUDB8;:g[=N!VYq Pw~
<F~kGf6f8U>v|q VE@BV@B8;Gf:TNI:g[=8U`h< >: >TN uc8U:@B8 4 e 6 <YVW:U~**G96S<Y>T<YGR<!O8[=>ONIWVYPBVW`_[=>TN\Q;V
@F8;Gx:TNI:g[=8U`h<8;: : e :F co8;G*:O8;`4NI8 O8U`h<vcYVW>y@B8;G*:TN\:O[T8;`i<H>O8;@BDBQUNI@BVH:TDFbF[=N\8;PB@B84jENI:O[TV
@F8;:T@F84GI< pN\8;>T>T<&DBP <Yq PBYDBGIVi@B8 e 2>6 B~$<h>T<YlVYq P.@B8ZGR<?:3@BN\:O[a<?PBQ;NI<Y:@B8 >: >TN c
<?GQU8;P^[=>OVh@B8`h<?:=<_8;:
:.Ca> 4 ~PBQUVWP^[=>=<?>3GR<_`i<Y:=<_@B8 5: >TN c 8;P
[T>T`4NIPBVY:p@B8yGR<Z`i<Y:=<A:TVYGR<Y>U~
b~$<A`i<YWPBN[=DB@<?bB:TVWG\DF[a<bfVWG\VW`_[=>TN\Qv<z@B8 5: >TN 8U: 6 e ~*8U[=8U>T`4NIPS<?>:TD,G\DB`iN\PBVW:ON $
@B<Y@w~
Q?~$<i[T8;`46f8U>=<?[TDB>=<48U{8UQU[=Nj?<h@B8 >: >TN 8;:@F8 3 6>:>: ~98U[T8;>T`4NIPB<Y>:OD@B8UPB:TN\@S<Y@
6F>TVW`48;@BN\VB~
~ PA8;GFG |q `4N\[T8>T8UGR<?[TN\jf|q :g[=NIQUV38KM[T>T8U`iVBeYGR<jY8;GIVEQ;N\@S<Y@Z@F8pGIVW:8;GI8UQU[T>TVWPB8U:8;:<?:TDB`4NI@S<NIWDS<?GF<GI<
jY8;GIVEQ;N\@S<Y@@B8GI<iG\DBlY~ [=NIG\NIl;<YPB@BV_8;G`4NI:T`4V_>=<YlUVWPS<Y`4NI8UP^[=V4CEDF8d{DB8zDB:=<Y@FV&6S<Y>T<i@B8U@BDBQ;N\>
GI<d8;QUDS<YQ;NvVWq P&@B88U:O[=<Y@BVA@B8DBPW<Y:@B8UW8;PB8U>=<Y@FVA@B88;G\8;QU[T>TVWPF8;:PBVA>O8;GI<?[=NjMN\:O[=<Y:;eE@B8;`4VW:g[=>=<?>
CXDB8?e
"
~ 4 VWPF:TNI@F8;>T808;Gr:ONIWDBN\8;P^[=806B>OVMQU8;:TV8;PB@FVY[=>O`iN\Q;Vz`i8U@BNR<YP^[T808UGrQ;DS<YGr:O80[T>=<YPB:g{VW>T`i<YP46B>TV?[=VWPB8U:
8UPPB8UDF[=>OVWPB8U:;e
<
8
'
'
,
VWB` $ N\[T8;PB:O8YeZ>ON <Fe
- " ', "$ - " " ( "
$ E " ( "
,( (ELe <Y`dbB>TN\@BW8 PBN\jY8;>T:ON\[ c,>O8;:T:Uef<Y`ZbB>ONI@BW8?e 36>6W
VWGIG\NIPB: ( ( e
y8UVW>TW8?e ,( )-9'5 (- " " ( "
3 $ ELe ~ ~ ! >T8;8U`h<?PZ<YPB@ZVW` $
6S<YP^cWe 8 xVW> re 3 6>26
BNIDe VWPF $ x8U8Ye " (
3 $ ELe GI<YNI:O@B8;G\GDBbBG\NI:OBNIPBiVW`46S<YP^cYe <YG[=S<?`e 36>>2
N\[=QaFNIPweB3~ z~e "
$ & (E )- $ ,(ELeF53@B<Y` N\GIW8U>;eF*FNIGR<?@B8;G\6BBNR<Me 3 62
<Y>OGIN ?<?>;e /W<vcW<YP^[v
e (- (- 3 $ (- " 3 (- ( - $ ( e53GINI<YPBl;<J@BN\[TVW>TNI<YGe J<Y@B>ONI@we
3 6>254
:O[=G\NI8?ewZ~ 5d~e<YPB@<Y>O>TVWG e 3~ ~\e -
- " ' "%$ - " "! ')( - "
$ ELe53@B@BN\:TVWP $
8U:TG\8UcWe ; 6>6>
4 QaS<?[Tl;`i<YPweX(jE>Oc4~eM<?PB@4*>T<Y@B8U>TNI8?e ! >T<YPBQUVWNI:O8Ye ,( " ELe 6B>TN\PBW8;> $ 8U>TGR<?Be 8 xVW> re
3 6>6>:
2 Qa <?>Tl;:OQaBNIG\@we J<?>O[=N\Pwe " , " ) (+-. "%$ - " ,( " LeYV!jY8;>*DFbBGIN\Qv<?[TNIVWPB:Ue 8
xVW> re ; 6 2
>4
2
!#"%$'&)(+*-,-././0231( "
46587:9<;>=?7A@CBEF D @C@G7AHJI<HG;K5<9<;L5NMG;L@OHJ;L@GP8=?M F 9<7A@Q9<;>= FF @RMSHJ7UTRVD @JWYX F B37Z98;LHG5 F =Y7+XL7A58@JMSW[MSP8\U;];K=9<;L@_^
XLP8`<HGW?B]W?;L5NMS7O98;bacP<;C;L=d;K@GI F XLWY7e;K5NMSHG;C= F @f;K@JMGHG;L=?= F @Kg8acP<;CI F HG;LXK;C;L5NMS;KH F B3;L5NMG;bh F XAVD 78gZ;K@JMiF D =?=Y;L587
9<;QP<5 F 9<W?=YP<W?9jVD @JWYB F @JP<@JM F 5<XLW F3k ;KMS;KHG7Al;LD 5<; F acP<;mHG;KXLWY`n;C;L=j587ABO`<HJ;m98;poq;L9<W?73rs5NMG;LHG;K@JMG;L= F HLt
u@JM F @GP8@JM F 5<XLW F acP<;QMS7v9<73=Y7>=Y=?;L5 F ;L@RMiF D 9<W?hU;LHJ@ F B3;L5NMS;mXL7UB]I<P8;L@JM F \+;K@6;K=j7AHGW?lA;L5+9<;QMS7v9<7A@w=Y7U@
9<;KBEF D @x7A`vyJ;zMS7A@ F @JMGHG7UTRVD @GWYXK7A@)9<;25cP<;K@JMGHG7OW?5cMG;LHv;LD @L{98;2;L=?= F @G;6T|7AHGB F 53= F @);L@RMSHJ;L=Y= F @)\]=?7A@xI<= F 58;KM F @
acP<;b= F @}7UHG`<W[M F 5dgvacP<; F @GP%hA;K~bXL7U5<@JMGW?MSPZ\A;L5= F @fl F = F W F @LgN=?7A@f`<=?7ZacP<;K@f9<;6=Y7A@}acP<;b;L@RMiFpD k ;LX k 7e;K=
P<5<W[hA;KHG@G78t
=/B3;L9<W?7WY5NMG;LHG;K@JMG;L= F H=Y7XL7AB3In7A5<;L5MS7v9<7;K=6l F @=YW?`<HG;gacP<;5<7@G; kF P<5<WY987I F H F T|7AHJB F H
;L@RMSHJ;L=Y= @Q7:I8= 5<;zM @Kg\acP<; T|7AHGB 9<7+= B3;L~LXK= 9<;3P<5@JWY5<52P8D B];KHG7+9<;3;L@GIn;LXKWY;K@ M7AD B]W?X @
\+B37A=Y;KF XLP<= F HG;K@F ;L5qFBOP8\+9<W[hA;LHJk@G7AF @/;L@RM F 98F 7A@iF ;K=jI7A=[hA7<F gI F HJMVD XLP8= F @B F XLHJ7A@GXd7AD I<W?X F @T|7AHJB F F 9 F @I7UF H
FB3lA;LHJ9<;LW?l 7mF 9<7A= @H lUWY9<l FW 5NXLMGW ;L7UD @5C98;L;+=Y;KF DXKMSMG7UHGB]7AB 7A@#lA\5}B];zD MS7AW?X=z;LD XKgP<ac= P<F ;@;LMS7v5e9<= 7/F @=Y7HJ;L=Y=?lA;LW?57A5<;K\C@acBP<F;)D @hv9<WY;K;K5<5<;)@ F ;L@5m9<BO;P8;L\Q@RMS9<;W[hA7U;LB]HJ@5<W?I<@jHGT|;K7A@GHJ;KB 5cMG;@
9<;K@G9<;= F F ;L58F ;LHGlF ;KD MSW?X F H F 9<W F XLW7AD 5F l F B]B F F ;LB3W?MSW?9 F ;L5I<HJ7ZF XK;L@G7U@phvWY7A=?;L5NMS7A@Kg kF @RM F = F @mF 7A5<9 F @p9<F ;
H F 9<WY7;LB3W?MSW?9 F @>In7AH]=?7A@3BEF D @3MSH F 5<acP<WY=?7A@3;KhA;K5NMS7A@KQ#7U@X F B]In7A@3B F lU5f;KD MGWYXL7U@LgW?5<9<P<XKWY9<7A@]I7UH
I F HRMSW?XLP<= F HG;K@I<HG7vXL;K@G7A@\acP<;m;L5NhvP<;L=[hA;K5= F>QF = F W F ;L5NMG;LH F t
67U@p7vXLP<I HG;LB37A@;L5;L@RM I HJMG;%9<;L=)MS; MS7-9<;K=};K@JMSP89<WY798;%;L@RMS;%P<`8WYXLP87B];K9<WY78g=Y7U@B;KD MG7Z9<7U@
I F H F 7A`8@G;LHRF h F HG=?7<gZ= F @)9<WY@RMSF W?5cM F F @)T F @G;K@7p;K@J M F 9<7A@f;K5%=Y7U@}acP<;b@J;2;K5<XLP<;K5NMSH F g<@GP%98WY@JMGHGW?`<P<XLW7AD 53;L5%= F
QFhA=;KFXL ;LW@6F XLg<7A= FB3TRI<VD @J=?WYWYX X F 9 98;pac=YPj7UD@wB3T|WY;KX 5w7AD B3acP<;L;5<7U;K5:@2ac;KP<=j;p@G;Q;K59 ;KD t = F XK7A5NMS;KXL;L5:\:=?7A@wI<HG7vXL;K@G7A@6acP<;p9 F 5=YP8l F H F = F
F
F F V F
F
u=;K@JMSP89<WY7e9<;K=dB3;L9<W?7pWY5NMG;LHG;K@JMG;L= H@G; XL7A5<@RMSW[MSP<W?9<7O;L5+;K=I<HJ;L@G;K5NMS;Q;L5I<W?;L~ XL= hU;b;L5+;L=9<;L@_^
XLP8`<HGW?B]W?;L5NMS79<; F =YlUP<5<7A@}9<;b=Y7U@fFBF D @fW?B]k<F In7AHJM F 5NMS;K@ F @JI;KXKMS7U@HG;K= F XKWY7A5 F 9<7A@fXK7A5F ;L=F 7AHGW?lA;L59<;b= F @
;L@RMSHJ;L=Y= F @LgNXK7A5>5cP<;L@RMSHG7m=YP8l F H';K53;K=P<5<W[hA;LHJ@G7<gcXK7A5>= F @'98WYB3;L5<@JWY7A5<;K@'\pT|7AHJB F 98;/5cP<;K@JMGH F l F = F W F g
XL7U5-= F XK7AB]In7A@JWYXLW7AD 5acPdVD B]W?X F 9<;L=P<5<W?hU;LHJ@G7<gd= F ;L@RMSHJP<XKMGP<H F \:9<WY5wF D B]W?X F 98;O5cP<;L@RMSH FqQF = F W F \
= F @b9<;LBF D @Kgj= F BOP<;KHJMG;e9<;e= F @2;L@JMGHG;K=Y= F @b;L5NMSHJ;>7UMSHJ7A@bMS;KB F @2avP8;3@J;LlAP8H F B3;L5NMS;>B3;L5<XKWY7A5 F HG;KB]7A@
;L5=Y7A@xX F IdVD MSP8=Y7A@)acP<;6T|7UHGB F 5];K@JM F @G;KlAP<5<9 F I F HJMG;29<;K==?WY`<HJ7<t7AH};L@JMG7O@GPWY5<XK=YP<@JW 7AD 53;L5%P85I<= F 5
WY5NMGHG7v9<P<XKMG7AHGW?7e9<;Q;L@RMSP<9<W?7>9<;Q= F>F @JMGHG7UT_VD @GW?X F @G; kF XL;QWY5<98WY@GIn;L58@ F `<=?;Ut
"!#%$! &' ()
*+
- , .&),0/#10243*0/ 52 /76:083$/C"-.6092 *0/#5;: /C*-0L( 0L"$/C&</#3$/#52O&
P85<acP<;-I7v9<HLVD F XK7A5<@JWY9<;KH F HJ@G;L= F P<5 FF>= HGB F XLW7AD 5 F XL;KI8M F `8=Y;@JWY5EHJ;LI F HJ7A@Lgw;K@%M F BO`8Wz;LD 5 XLW?;LHJMG7
acP<;= F ; WY@RMS;K5<XLW F 9<;L=B3;L98WY7W?5NMS;LHJ;L@RMS;L= F HO5<7:T|P<;@GW?;LB3I<HG;]XL7A5<7vXLW?9 F \acP<;@7AD =?79<;K@GI<P};KD @>9<;
7A`<@J;LHRh F XLWY7U5<;L@m9<;KMG;L5<W?9 F @m9<;=?7+avP8; F I F HG;K5cM F ` F ;L@JM F HQh F XAVD 7+T|P<;3I7U@GWY`8=Y;eXL7U5<XL=?P<WYHQacP<;35<7=?7
;L@RM F ` F t);KHG7<g?2XLPwF D =Y;L@)T|P<;KHG7A5]I<HG;KXLWY@ F B3;L5NMS;/;L@ F @f;zhZW?9<;L58XLW F @}acP<;6I;KHGB3W?MSW?;LHJ7A5>;L@JM F `<=?;LXL;KH}XK7A5
XL;KHJMG;L~ F = F ; D W?@JMG;L5<XKW F 9<;QP<5 F>F hU;LXK;L@/WY5<9<;zMS;KXKM F `<=Y;QB F MS;KHGW F ;K5NMSHG;Q= F @;L@RMSHG;K=Y= F *@ @At
u5= 5NMSW?l A P<;K9 9MS7v9<7+=Y7+acP<;>;LH In7A@GW?`<=Y;O7U`<@G;KHJh HQ;L5 ;L=XKWY;L=?7+I HG;KXAD ;K5<XL7U5cMGH HJ@G;3`<WY;K5
=Y7vX F =YFWY~ FF 9<72T|7UHGB F 5<F 9<7CXKP<;LHJI7A@xIn;LHJT|;KXKF M F B];K5NMS;/9<;L=?WYB3W?M F F 9<7A@XK7AB37m= F jP<F 5 F gcV F ;LC= BZ7U= gN=Y7U@F I<= F 58;KM F @
\3= F @);K@JMSHJ;L=?= F @Ktu5%P<5 F M F =i9<WY@JXLHJ;KM F hvWY@GW7AD 598;L=465<W[hA;LHJ@G7O; MS;LHJWY7AH F = F D W?;LHJH F gv;LH F BOP8\39<W[TRVD XKWY=
XL7U5<XL;K`<WYH= F ; WY@RMS;L58XLW F 9<;w7A`cyJ;KMS7U@xB F MG;LHGW F =Y;K@BOPZ\O; MG;L5<9<W?9<7A@)acP<;wI<P<9<W?;LH F 5>=Y=Y;K5 F H';K=;L@JI F XLW?7
;L5NMGHG;Q=Y7A@XKP<;LHJI7U@/XK7A5<7vXLW?9<7A@Lt acP<;L=?=Y7A@acP<;Q5<7>I F HG;LXUVD F 5+; 8k WY`<W?H= FeF I F HGW?;L5<XKW F =Y7vX F =YWY~ F 9 F 9<;
I<= F 5<;KM F @'\e;K@JMSHJ;L=?= F @;KH F 53XL7A5ZT|P<5<9<W?9<7A@)XL7A5eT|;K5w7AD B3;L5<7A@ F MGB]7U@JT;LD HJWYXK7A@7Q@G;w=Y;K@ F @GWYlU5 F ` F h F =?7AHG;K@
HG;K=YW?lAWY7A@J7A@x@GWY5I8HG7UT|P<589<WY~ F H;L5@JP+5 F MSP8H F =?;L~ F tuH F ;L@RMS;C;L=X F @J7>I7AHf;_yJ;LB3I<=?7O9<;b=?7A@XL7UB];zM F @f\
= F4E VD F F XKMG; F t
B7AD =?7XL7U5;K= 9ZhA;L58WYB3WY;L5NMG7-9<;5cP<;Kh @OMZ;LD XL58WYX @e;WY5<@RMSHGP8B];K5cMG7A@O9<;7U`<@G;KHJh XLW7AD 5T|P};
D In7A@GW?`<=Y;
In;LHGX F M F HG@G;e98F;OacP<;e;L='P85<W?hU;LHG@J7+5<7;LF @RM F ` F T|7UHGF B F 9<7%@<7AD =Y7%98;O= F @2;L@JMGHG;K=Y= F @2I<P<F 5NMGP F =Y;K@C@GW?5<7%acP<;
; W?@JMVD F 5M F Bp`<Wz;KD 5 7A`cyJ;KMS7U@3BF D @>; MG;L5<@J7A@acP<;qI F HJ;LXUVD F 5 F acPjVD 7 F =?= F D =?=Y;K5 F He;L=;K@GI F XLWY7 ;L5NMGHG;
FF=?P<lA;LP<HJ5 7AF5e@=Y7U;K@J@MG7AHG`<;L=?@J= ;LF HR@Kh t 9<7AHG;K@9<;L=8@GWYlU=Y77 G rJrGr gU=?7A@I8HGWYB3;LHJ7A@;K5eHG;KXL7A5<7vXL;KH= ; WY@RMS;L58XLW 98;XLP<;KHGIn7A@
; MG;L5<@J7A@Q5<7;L@RMS;L= F F HG;K@bacP<;e;LB3W?MVD F 5:E@GP-I<HJ7AI<W F =YP<~m\acP<;O@J;e;L5<XK7A5NMSH F `F F 5 ;L5NMGHG;eF= F @2;L@RMSHJ;L=Y= F @Lt
465879<;3=Y7A@QBD @ @GW?9<P<7A@mX ~ 9<7UHG;L@9<;37A`vyJ;KMG7A@mXL7A5;L@JM @pX H XKMS;KHD @JMSW?X @CT|P<;3;L= @RMSHG7U5<7AB37
T|H F 5<Xn;KD 4@ H k<F HG=?;LF @mo:F ;K@G@GW?;LJH I L F KNM F ^ O KNMQP )t BZPI<HGW?5<XLW?I F =7vXLFP8I F XLF W7AD F 5XL7AB3V 7 F F @RMSH7UD 5<7AB37F ;LH F = F 9<;
9<;K@GXLP8`<HGW?H/5cP<;zhA7A@6XL7AB3;KM F @Lg<\%@GP; W?MS7>=?;CB];KHG;LXKWY7>;L= F I7v9<7>9<S; RNu+= T6P<H<7AD 5q9<;=?7A*@ Hf7AB3;KM F U@ R<t
u=}98;L@GXKP<`<HJWYB3WY;L5NMG79<;]P<5XL7UB];zM 5vP8;KhA7-;KH ;K5 acP<;K=};K5cMG7A5<XK;L@Lg'\ =?7:@JWYlAP<;3@GW?;L5<987 7 \ ;L5
9jVD F P<5 F = F `n7AHGW?7A@ F M F HJ; F acP<;bXK7A5<@JF WY@JMG;C;L5= F 7AF `<@J;LHRh F F XLW 7UD 59<;KMG;L5<W?9 F 9<;bP85 F HG;KlAW 7AD 59<;L=XLk WY;K=Y7;L5
`<P<@JX F 9<; F =YlU7CXL7A5 F I F HGWY;K5<XLW F 9<W?T|P8@ F acP<;wHG;LlUP<= F HJB];K5NMS;5<7Q@G;/;L58XLP<;K5cMGH FmF =Y= VD \pavP8;6X F BO`<W F @GP
In7A@GW?XLW 7UD 5q587ZX k ; F 587ZX k ;t oq;L@G@JWY;KH6\+@GP8@2XL7U=Y;Ll F @w@G;m=Y;L@/9<W = XLP<=[M F ` F @J7A`<HG;KB F 5<;LH F @JPM F HJ; F g
In7AH>= F ; W?@JMS;K5<XLW F 9<;+7A`cyJ;KMS7U@]9<W[T|P<@G7U@3acP<;q;L@RM F ` F 5 = yJ7A@];K5NMSHG;q= F @e;L@JMGHG;K=Y= F @O\avP8;:In7Z98HVD F 5
I F @ F H/XL7AB37]XK7AB3;KM F @65cP<;zhA7A@Kt67AH6M F =jH F ~j7AD 5:@G;pI8P<@G7];L5= F M F HG; F 9<;m;L= F `n7AH F HwP<5 F XL7UB]I<=?;KM F
=YW?@JM F 9<;M F =?;L@>7A`vyJ;zMS7A@Kgf@GPIn7A@GW?XLW 7UD 5dg}`8HGWY=?=Y7\X F H F XKMG;LHLVD @JMGWYX F @eI F HJMGWYXKP<= F HJ;L@Kg}I F H F ;KhvW?M F HeacP<;
7UMGHG7A@>=Y7U@3XK7A58T|P<589<WY;KH F 5XL7A5 @GPhA;KHG9 F 98;LHG77A`vyJ;KMG798;:;K@JMSP89<WY7<tVFP<;+9<;:;K@JM F B F 5<;LH F XL7AB37
5 F XKW 7+D ;L=acP<;>=?7A@ F @JMGH7AD 587AB]7U@CXL7A5<7vXL;K5XK7AB37q;K= H F MF D =Y7AlU79<;]o:;L@J@GWY;KHLt]u5;K='@G;3;L5<XKP<;L5NMGH F 5
HG;zT|;LHJ;L5<XKW F 9<7U@=Y7A@ LW 7U`vyJ;KMG7A@5<7e;K@JMS;K= F HJ;L@BF D @}`<HGW?=Y= F 5cMG;L@xacP<;mo:;L@J@GW?;LH\]7UMSHJ7A@f7A`8@G;LHRh F 9<7AHJ;L@
I<P<98WY;LHJ7A598;L@GXKP<`<HJWYH2;K5MS7v9<73;L=XLW?;L=Y78t F 9<;K5<7AB3WY5 F XKW 7AD 5+9<;=Y7A@w7A`cyJ;KMS7U@29<;= F =YWY@RM F gacP<;;L@RMiF D
;L5:hZW?lA;L58XLW F3F P<D 5:@G; k<F XL;mP8MSW?=YW?~ F 5<9873XK7AB37WY58WYXLW F =dP<5 F RcXo R]acP<;ph F @J;LlAP<W?9 F 98;L=5bP<D B];KHG7>acP<;
Fo:=;K7A@G`v@GW?yJ;L;KHKMGt 7=Y;;L@ F @JWYlA5 F 9<7%;L5;K=X F MiF D =?7AlA7<t @VD oQY ;L@b;K='7A`vyJ;zMS752P<D B3;LHJ7ZY 98;L='X F MiF D =?7AlA7]9<;
[ `<@G;KHJh F XKWY7A5<;K@BF D @ = 5 F @qB37A@JMGH F HJ7A5 BF D @M F HG9<;= F hA;KHG9 F 9<;LH F 5 F MGP<H F =?;L~ F 9<; =Y7U@q7U`vyJ;KMG7A@
WY58XL=YP8WY9<7A@C;K5;L@RMS;]X F MF D =Y7AlU7<tu5P85<7A@mX F @J7A@p5<7:@G;3MSH F M F ` F 9<;37UMSH F XK7A@ F avP8;];K5y F BO`<HJ;L@9<;
;L@RMSHJ;L=Y= F @)I|lAH F 5<9<;L@C7I;KavP8;]5<\ 7A@ P gdXK7A5<7vXLWY987A@bXL7UB]7%XP<D BOP<=?7A@6;K@JMG;L= F HG;L@KgjacP<;O;L5=?7A@6MG;L=Y;K@GXK7AI<WY7U@
B3;L5<7A@I7MS;L5NMG;L@'; 8k WY`jVD F 5 F I F HGW?;L5<XKW F @9<W?T|P8@ F @Kt';KHG7C;K5O7UMSHJ7A@=?7A@7A`vyJ;KMG7A@ F P<D 5XL7A5p=Y7A@B];syJ7AHG;K@
+
(
*+
Y
WYlAP<H F t { rsB F lA;L5+9<;Q= F E VD F m F D XKMG; F L; 5q= F acP<;mHG;K@ F =[M F 5+X F H F XzMS;LHLVD @RMSWYX F @HG;KlAWY7U5<;L@7A@JXLP<H F @Lt
F
W?lAP<H F t {x4/5
g<HJ;LlAW?7A5<;K@/98;m= F E VD F mF D XzMS; F ;L5q= F @avP8;I F HG;LXK;L5 kF XL;KHT F =?M F
;L@RMSHJ;L=Y= F @Lt
7A=?T_g9<;LB37A@JMGH F HJ7A5dgdB3;L98W F 5NMS;pI<HG;KXLWY@J7A@CXL7U5cMG;L7A@Q9<;p= F @b;K@JMGHG;L=?= F @2;L5= F @6hA;LXKWY5<9 F 9<;L@Q9<;e;K@JMG7A@
7A`vyJ;zMS7AJ@ I hA;LH = lAP8H F t P g= F WYB3I7U@GWY`8WY=YW?9 F 9q9<;>acP<;];K5;zT|;LXzMS7q@G;eMSH F M F H F 9<;>@GWYB3I<=?;L@C` F X k ;L@
;L5= F 9<W?@JMSHJWY`<P8XLW 7UD 5%9<;b;K@JMSHJ;L=?= F @KtHf7AB]7\ F MS;KB]I8H F 5 F B];K5cMG; kF `dVD F W?5cMG;LHJI<HG;zM F 9<7e;K= F @RMSH7UD 5<7AB37
W?M F =YW F 5<7 5<lA;L=?7 Bv;LXLX k W g;L@RM F @]I F HRMSWYXKP<= F HG;L@>HJ;LlAW?7A5<;L@Kg9<;K`jVD F 5 XL7AW?5<XLW?9<WYHeXK7A5= F In7A@JWYXLW7AD 59<;
5cP<`n;L@298;pB F MS;KHGW F =d7AI F XK7acP<;WYB3I;K9<WYHLVD F = F =Y=?;Ll F 9 FekF @JM F 5<7A@J7UMSHJ7A@/9<;p= F =?P<~QI<HG7vXL;K9<;L5NMS;p9<;
= F @;L@JMGHG;K=Y= F @9<;CT|7A5<9<7<t
u@JM F 7A`<@J;LHJh F XKW 7AD 5gU= F 9<;}= F ; WY@RMS;L58XLW F 9<;f5cP<`n;L@9<;fB F MS;KHGW F \ F 5<76;LB3WY@G7UH F @#@GW?5<76MG;LHJHGWY`8=Y;LB3;L5NMG;
7AI F X F @@J;CXL7A58@JMSW[MSP8\U;b;L5+= F @G;KlAP<5<9 F I8HGP<;K` F 9<;b= F ; WY@RMS;K5<XLW F 9<;bB F MS;KHGW F =Y=?;L5 F 589<7p;K=d;L@JI F XLW?7
;L5NMGHG;>= F @2;L@JMGHG;K=Y= F @LgdB F MS;KHGW F acP<;>I7v9<;LB37A@b98;LXLW?Hb;L@RMiF D T|P<;LHRMS;KB];K5cMG;eXL7A58XL;L5NMGH F 9 F ;L5;K='I<= F 5<7
9<;Q@GW?B];zMSHLVD F 9<;Q5cP<;L@RMSH FQF = F W F gv=Y=Y;K5 F 5<9873W?5<lA;K5cMG;L@hA7U=YP<B3;L5<;K@w9<;Q;L@GI F XLW?7>h F XUVD 7<t
@ 5NMG;LHGW?7AHG;K@b7A`<@J;LHRh XLWY7U5<;L@b98;LBOP<;K@JMGH 5= ; WY@RMS;K5<XLW 9<;OB MS;KHGW =;K5NMSHG;p= @6;L@JMGHG;K=Y= @2acP<;
@G;>F XK7AF 5<XL;K5NMSH F I F H F T|7AHGFB F H6;L@JMGHGP<XzMSP<H F @QacF P<; F F P<5< acP<;>BF FD @b; MG;L5<F @ F @FacP<;>= F @b;L@RF MSHJ;L=Y= F @bB3F WY@JB F @
F
@GW?lAP<;K5 @JWY;K5<9<7+XL= F H F B3;L5NMG;e9<;L=?WYB3W?M F 9 F @Ltm F B];syJ7AHbI<HJP<;L` F 9<;>= F ; WY@RMS;K5<XLW F 9<;eB F MG;LHGW F acP<;
=Y=?;L5 F XL7A5<@JWY9<;KH F `8=Y;L@bhU7A=P<D B3;L58;L@b9<;K=;L@JI F XLW?7+;L5NMSHJ;e= F @b;K@JMGHG;L=?= F @C=?7%XL7U5<@JMGW?MSPZ\A;>= F 7A`8@G;LHRh F XLW7AD 5
9<;2MGHG;K@fT|;L5w7UD B];K5<7A@5cP<;zhA7A@Q{u=;K5<HG7yJ;LXLW?B]W?;L5NMS7\= F ; MGWY5<XKW 7AD 5%98;b= F =YP<~b;K@JMG;L= F HLgv= F I<HJ;L@J;L5<XKW F
9<;6= VD 58; F @)9<; F `<@J7AHGXKW 7AD 5];L5;K=;K@GIn;LXzMSHG7p9<;6= F @x;L@JMGHG;K=Y= F @)\3= F 9<;zMS;KXLXLW7AD 598;2H F 9<W F XKW 7AD 5>I<HJ7Z98P<XLW?9 F
In7AH= F B F MS;KHGW F B]W?@GB F avP8;mXK7A5<@RMSW?MGP8\A;m;L=jB3;L98WY7<t
u5 = F @e@GW?lAP<W?;L5NMS;K@e@G;LXKXLW?7A5<;L@39<W?@GXLPZMSWYHJ;LB37A@ F =?lAP<5<7U@e9<;+=Y7A@OBF D @eW?B]In7AHJM F 5NMS;K@ F @GIn;LXzMS7A@3HG;K= F ^
XLW?7A5 F 987A@XL7A5q;L@RM F @/7A`<@J;LHRh F XLWY7U5<;L@Kt
"-&( +/C./80 : 0 /b"$( /*6+$0"-./0231( " 0"%$ /b& /3$ /#592O&
465879<;e=Y7A@6BEF D @b;KhvWY98;L5NMS;K@mB;KD MG7Z987A@2I F H F 9<;zMS;LHJB]W?5 F H6= F ; W?@JMG;L5<XKW F 9<;eB F MS;KHGW F WY5NMG;LHG;K@JMG;L= F H
;L@HJ;LlAW?@JMGH F H};L=;zT|;LXzMS7>acP<;CI<HG7v9<P<XK;C@G7A`8HG;b= F =YP<~2avP8;C= FpF MSH F hvWY;K@ F g8I<HG7vXL;K9<;L5NMS;C98;C= F @};L@JMGHG;K=Y= F @
@GP8B]W?9 F @;L5q;L=?= F 7>In7AH9<;KMGHF D @/@GPZ\A7<t
u=<B3;L9<W?7CWY5NMS;KHG;L@RMS;K= F HKgA@GW; W?@JMG;UgAMSW?;L5<;= F X F I F XLW?9 F 9>9<; F `8@G7AHJ`;KHI F HJMG;9<;= F ;K5<;LHJlVD F 98;= F =YP8~
acP<;p= F>F MSH F hvW?;L@ F t bWYX kF3F `<@J7AHGXKW 7AD 5qI<P<;K9<;pI8HG7v9<P<XLW?H = 5 F =?B];K5cMG; ;KT|;KXKMG7A@698WY@JMGWY5NMS7U@L{ w;L98P<XLW?H
= F W?5cMG;L5<@JWY9 F 9 MG7UM F =9<;L=)H F \U7:9<;>=?P<X~ I ; MGWY5<XKW 7AD 5 P g#X F BO`8W F Hb= F WY5NMS;K5<@GW?9 F 9 9<;L=H F \U79<;>=?P<~>;L5
XLW?;LHRM F @}HG;LlUWY7A5<;K@f9<;K=;K@GIn;LXzMSHG7>;K=Y;LXzMSHJ7AB F lA5};KD MGWYXK79<;6B F 5<;LH F 9<WY@RMSW?5cM FpF XL7AB37O=Y7 kF XK;b;L57MSH F @
I ;K5<HG7yJ;LXLW?B]W?;L5NMS7 P \ F `<@G7AHJ`;KHXL7U5I F HJMGWYXKP<= F H}WY5NMS;K5<@GW?9 F 9%H F 9<W F XLW7AD 5%XL7UHGHG;K@GIn7A5<9<W?;L5NMS; F XKWY;KHJM F @
=Y7U5<lAW?MGP<9<;K@9<;Q7A5<9 F I =?WY5<; F @;L@JI;KXKMGH F =?;L@ P t
; MGWY5<XKW 7AD 5O98;= =?P<~f;K@JMG;L= HIn7AH'= I<HG;K@G;K5<XLW 9<;P<5eB3;L9<W?7 `8@G7AHJ`;K5cMG;I<P<;K9<;@G;KH'HG;KlAWY@RMSH 9
9<W?F HG;LXz M F B3;L5NMG;3XKP F F 5<987:@J;3XK7AF B3I F H F 5 F = F 9<WY@RM F 58F XLW F+F P<5 F ;L@RMSHJF ;L=Y= F hA;KXLWY5 F 9<;zMS;KHGB3WY5 F 9 F In7AFHC;KF =
B;LD HG7v9<7lA;K7AB;zD MSHJWYXL7 I|I F H F = F yJ;%MGHGW?lA7A5<7AB;KD MGHGW?XL7 P \P8MSW?=YW?~ F 5<987WY58T|7UHGB F XLW7AD 5XL7U5cMG;L5<W?9 F ;L5@GP
;L@JI;KXKMGHG7 I|I F H F = F yJ;2;L@GIn;LXzMSHJ7A@GXK7AI<WYXK7 P t
u=jI<HGW?B];KHG7>9<;Q=Y7U@B;zD MS7v9<7A@LgP85 F hU;L~m;L=?WYB3WY5 F 9 F = F @In7A@JWY`<=?;L@X F P<@ F @/9<;m;LHJHG7AHKgI<HG7 hA;K;= F hA;LH_^
9 F 98;LH F 9<WY@RM F 58XLW F/F = F ;K@JMGHG;L=?= F XL7A58@GWY98;LH F 9 F g g9 F 9<76avP8;f5<76;L@JMFbD F T|;KXKM F 9<72In7AH= F @ F =[MS;LH F XLW?7A5<;K@
acP<;O@JP8T|H F = F =?P<~p98;p= F ;L@RMSHG;K=Y= F ;L5@GPX F B]W?5<7 F = F D WY;LHJH F \:@<7AD =Y7]@G;O7vXLP8I F 9<;K=X F BO`<W?79<;@GP
In7A@GW?XLW 7UD 5;L5;K=XLW?;L=?7<tbu=@J;LlAP85<9<7+B;zD MS7v9<7%XK7A5<@GW?@JMG;L5NMS;e;K5-9<;L9<P8XLWYH29<;OWY5ZT|7AHGB F XLW7AD 5q;L@GIn;LXzMSH F =
= F B F lA58W?MSP89 F `<@J7A=YP8M F hZW?@GP F =9<;+= F ;K@JMGHG;L=?= F g acP<;:=?P<;LlU7-XL7AB3I F H F 9 F XL7U5@JP B F lA58W?MSP89
F9 I 9F HG;L5NInMG7A;HKg 7A`<@G;KHJh F 9 F g eIn;LHGB3W?MG;;K@JM F `<=Y;KXL;LHeP85 F 9<WY@RM F 58XLW FF I F HJ;L5NMS;g gW?B]I8=YWYXKW?M F B];K5NMS;
F F
=?7Al >I L W P
BZWw;L@JXLHJWY`<W?B]7A@>= F B3WY@JB F HJ;L= F XLW 7UD 5In;LHJ7XK7A5= F 9<W?@JM F 5<XLW FF = F ;K@JMSHJ;L=?= F 9<;KMG;LHGB3WY5 F 9 F I7AH>;K=
I<HJWYB3;LHB;KD MG7Z9<78g<;L5<XK7A5NMSH F B]7U@Lg
=?7Al >I L W 9P
9<7A589<; ;K@b= F B F lU5<W?MGP<9 F I F HG;K5cMG;eacP<;pMS;K5<9<HLVD F = F ;L@RMSHG;K=Y= F @GW5<7; WY@RMSW?;LH F ;L='B3;L9<W?7W?5cMG;LH_^
;L@RMS;K= F HKt Hf7AB]I F H F 589<7>HG;L@JP<=?M F g
=?7Al >I P
]V7#> $Q ()
V
( " ()
7+
"!$# $
+,-
.!$# $
&%
('*)
(')
/
01-
.!$# $
%
A
"!#%$! &' ()
*+
Hf7AB37;KH F 9<;];L@GIn;LH F HG@J;Ug)@GW}; WY@RMS;]; MSW?5<XLW7AD 5dg
98;%9<7A5<98;@G;@GWYlUP<;;K5cMG7A5<XK;L@eacP<;
+{'= 98WY@JM 5<XKW 9<;zMS;KHGB3WY5 9 In7AH;L=B;zD MS7v9<7O;K@GIn;LXKMGHG7A@JXL7AI8WYXL7>;K@B \U7AHacP<;C= HG; = =
;L@RMS HJ;L=Y= F tuF @JMG;b;KF T|;KXKMG7 F F B3I<=YW F B];KF 5NMSF ;w7A`<@J;LHJh F 987p\XKP F 5NMSW = X F 9<7O;L@};L5NMS7U5<XL;KF @P<5 F @J;]5 \ F F =nXL= FF H F F 9<F;
= F ; MGWY5<XKW 7AD 5q9<;m= F =YP8~m;K@JMG;L= F H/\In7AHM F 5cMG79<;m= F ; W?@JMG;L5<XKW F 9<;P85B3;L9<W?73acP<;I<HG7 hU7ZX F 9<W?X kF
; MGWY5<XKW 7AD 5dt
Hf7AB37Q;L@)9<;w;L@JI;KH F HJ@G;UgZ= F I<HJ;L@J;L5<XKW F 9<;wP<5 F B F \A7UHx7QB3;L5<7UHX F 5NMSW?9 F 9>9<;/B F MS;LHJW FbF `<@G7AHJ`;K5NMS;
I<HJ7Z9<P8XL;eP<5B F \U7AHb7B3;L5<7UHb;KT|;KXKMS7+9<;eHJ;L9<P8XLXLW7AD 5;L5= F WY5NMS;K5<@GW?9 F 99<;e= F =YP<~O;K@JMG;L= F HLtu)5;K=
B3;L9<W?7mW?5NMS;LHJ;L@RMS;L= F H F I F HJ;LXL;KH FF @VD I<P<;K@}P85 F 9<;KI;K5<9<;K5<XLW F 9<;/= F B F lA5<W?MGP<9>9<;2= F ; MSW?5<XLW7AD 5]XK7A5
= F 98WY@JM F 5<XKW F>F = F T|P<;K5cMG;Ut /;KlAP<= F HGB3;L5NMS;C;K=dT|;L5w7UD B];K5<7>@G;mB]7v9<;L= FOF @LVD g
01
I
",
'I
"
I P I P
F H<F D B];zMSHJ7p g@G;mI<P<;K9<;m; I<HG;K@ F H/;L5q= F
",
",
*
I
T|7UHGB F g
K
(
*+
F/F
Lneas espectrales estelares
Lnea peculiar
M
"!#%$! &' ()
*+
;L58;LHGl<VD F @x9<;2=?7A@)T|7UMS7A58;L@xP<=?MGH F hvWY7A=?;KM F t b;/I F HRMSWYXKP<= F HxW?5NMS;LHv;LD @ kF @JWY9<7;L=n;L@JMGP<9<W?7p;L5;L@JM F HJ;LlAW7AD 5
9<;K=x;K@GIn;LXzMSHG7:;L=?;LXKMGHG7AB F lA5};KD MSW?XL7<gj98;3= F @Q= VD 5<; F @C98;3= F @G;LHJWY;3d\vB F 5 9<;K= T/WY9<H<7AD lA;K5<7<g#=Y7acP<; kF
In;LHGB3W?MGWY9<72I7AH);syJ;LB3I<=Y7Q;L@RM F `8=Y;LXK;LH)XL7U5I<HJ;LXLW?@GW7AD 5>;L=XL7U5cMG;L5<W?9<7m9<;6;K@JMG;/T|P<589 F B3;L5NM F =;K=Y;KB];K5cMG7
;L5q;L=jB3;L98WY7eWY5NMG;LHG;K@JMG;L= F HLt
465 9<;b=?7A@fBD @f@J7AHGI8HG;L@JW?hU7A@HG;K@GP<=[M 9<7U@facP<;C@G;2@GWYlUP<;L5%98;L=d;K@JMSP89<WY7O98;b= @}= D 5<; @x9<; `<@G7AHJXLW7AD 5
I<HJ7ZF 9<P8XLWY9 F @}In7AF H);L=nB3;L9<W?7mW?5NMS;LHJ;L@RMS;L=F F HLg kF @GW?9<7p;K=n98;L@GXKP<`<HJWYB3WY;L5NMG7p9<;/= VD 5<F ; F @)V XK7AF HGHJ;L@GInF7A5<98WY;L5NMG;L@
F[ F D MGr 7AgCB3BZWj7A@pr ;K5 \XF Hf=?Mr VD @GW?tnB]u)7U@R@mM ;K@/@JM = F D 5<9<; 7A@e@9<av;P8; WY7A5<9<W?~ ;KFBEXKW D 7AD@/5;Kt@JM u5@ FBO@LPZVD \XL7U;LB]5<@ 75<@J;X kF9 5@b9<HJ;K;K@GhAXK;KP<= `<WY5q;KHJ= MG7-; = VD 58W?@J; MGF;L@5<XK9<W ;
9<;+E P<5 F XK7AE B]In7A5<;KE 5NMS;+BOFP8\VMG;L5cF P<;\X F F =YW?;L5NMS;F IF L W F P kacFP<;+F =Y=Y;K5 F MS7vF 9<7F ;L= 98WY@GXK79<F;
= F:QF = F W F Jt BZ7A`<HJ;];K@JM F I F HRMSWYXKP<= F HbT F @G;39<;L=)B3;L9<W?7:W?5NMS;LHJ;L@RMS;L= F H kF `<= F HG;KB]7U@m;K5;K=x@JWYlAP8WY;L5NMG;
X F IjVD MGP<=Y7<t
: 80 3023
1( " 0* / <& 2p*-0 2O./0231( " (3& /#5 : /b*-0L( 0"%$ /b& /3$ /#592O&
u5;L=dH F 5<lA7p9<;L=hvW?@GWY`8=Y;w\%HG;KlAWY7U5<;L@xhA;LXKWY5 F @9<;L=d;K@GIn;LXzMSHG7>;K=Y;LXzMSHJ7AB F lA5};KD MGWYXK7 I ;K=W?58T|H F HJHG7yJ7\;K=
P<=[MSH F hvWY7U=Y;KM F P gv@7UD =Y7eHG;KlAWY7U5<;L@=?7ZX F =YW?~ F 9 F @}9<;K=jB];K9<WY7eW?5NMS;LHJ;L@RMS;L= F HSI|5<;L`<P8=Y7A@ F @\%5cP<`n;L@/7A@GXKP<H F @ P
I F HJ;LXK;L5;KB]W[MSW?HfP<5 F X F 5cMGWY9 F 9q98;KMS;KXKM F `<=Y;Q9<;QH F 9<W F XLW 7UD 5dt
F H F 9<W F XKW 7AD 5 ;LB3W?MGWY9 F I7UH= F @5<;K`<P<=Y7U@ F @;K5 ;L=mhZW?@GW?`<=Y;gmI8HG7 hvWY;L58;T|P<5<9 F B];K5cM F =YB3;L5NMG;9<;K=
T|;L57AD B];K5<7C9<;HJ;LXL7UBO`<WY5 F XLW7AD 5dt Hf7AB]7bhU;LHJ;LB37A@BEF D @ F 9<;K= F 5NMS;= F B F MS;KHGW F ;L5>;L@RM F @)5<;K`<P<=?7A@ F @;K@
WY7U5<WY~ F 9 F In7AH;KT|;KXKMS7>9<;QP<5qIn7Z9<;KHG7A@J7 PyJ739<;QH F 9<W F XLW7AD 5%P<=[MSH F hvW?7A=Y;zM F I<HJ7ZXK;L9<;K5NMS;m9<;Q;L@JMGHG;K=Y= F @
X F =YWY;K5NMS;L@>@JP<B]W?9 F @>;L5@GP WY5NMS;KHGW?7AHLt =B3WY@JB]7MGWY;KB]In7;L5acP<;q@G;qI<HJ7Z9<P8XL;q;L=T|;L57AD B];K5<7 9<;
WY7U5<WY~ F XLW7AD 5;K=T|;L5w7UD B];K5<7XL7A5NMGH F HJWY7MGWY;L58;O=YP<l F H2;K5 = F 5cP<`n;{2=Y7U@2;L=?;LXzMSHG7U5<;L@CacP<;eh F l F 5=YWY`8HG;z^
B3;L5NMS;m@G;HG;LXK7ABO`<W?5 F 5qXL7A5:=Y7A@wW?7A5<;L@/acP<;pBF D @M F HG9<;m@G7A55vP8;Kh F B3;L5NMS;WY7A5<W?~ F 987A@Lt bP<H F 5NMG;= F
HG;KXL7ABp`<WY5 F XLW 7UD 5=Y7U@f;L=?;LXzMSHG7U5<;L@98;L@GXKWY;K5<9<;L5 F =?7A@fBF D @x` F yJ7A@f5<W?hU;L=Y;K@;L58;LHGl;KD MSW?XL7A@Kg8;KB]W[MSWY;K5<9<7;L5
;L=#I<HJ7ZXK;L@J73T|7UMG7A5<;K@69<;mBOP8\%9<W?hU;LHG@ F @/=Y7A5<lUW?MSP89<;L@w9<;m7A5<9 F gWY5<XK=YP<W?9 F =Y7A58lAW?MGP<9<;L@98;7A589 F ;K5;K=
H F 5<lA7whZW?@GW?`<=Y;t ;L@RMS7A@3P<D =?MGWYB37A@d@J;}9<;K`;};L= k ;KX k 7b9<;xacP<;}In7v9 F B37A@#I7AH#B3;L9<W?7A@#7A`<@J;LHJh F XKWY7A5 F =Y;K@
9<;zMS;LXzM F Hw= F I8HG;L@J;L5<XKW F 9<;Q;L@RMS7A@/7A`vyJ;zMS7A@Kt
9<W XLW 7UD 5hvWY@JWY`<=?;;L@;KB]W[MSW?9 M BO`8Wz;LD 5 I7UHqMGH 5<@JWYXKWY7A5<;K@:;K=Y;KXKMSH<7AD 5<W?X @:;L5XKWY;LHRM @q;L@JI;KXLW?;L@
MF F 7AD B]F W?X F @f; XLW[M F 9 F @/In7AH= F H F F 9<W F FXLW7AD 5;LB3W?MGWY9 F I7AF Hw= F @;L@RMSHJ;L=Y= F @;L5:;L=j@JF ;L5<739<;Q= F @F 58;L`<P<=?7A@ F @Lt
Hf7A5];L= F 98hU;L5<W?B]W?;L5NMS7m9<;/= F H F 9<W?7 F @RMSHG7U5<7AB:V D F ;K5= F 9<;KX F 9 F 9<; W gc@J; F `8HGWY;KHG7A535cP<;Kh F @}I7U@GW[^
`<W?=YWY9 F 9<;L@9<;; I<=Y7AH F XLW7AD 5O9<;f= F @I<HG7AI8WY;L9 F 9<;L@;LB3WY@GW[h F @98;L=8B3;L98WY7bW?5cMG;LHJ;L@JMG;L= F HLt#7U@HG;K@GP<=[M F 987A@
5<7>@G; k W?XLWY;KHG7A5;K@GIn;LH F HLt
u=<I<HJWYB3;LHG7C98;;L=Y=?7A@T|P<;;K=9<;L@JXLP<`8HGWYB3WY;K5NMS7<gA98;L@GI8Pf;LD @}9<;@GP>I<HJ;L9<W?XLXLW7AD 5eMS;d7AD HGW?X F 9<;= F H F 9<W?7A= VD 5<; F
;L5 =Y7U@ XLB I Y Y W oXT6~ P ;KB]W[MSWY9 F I7UHb;L= k W?9<H7UD lA;L5<7 F Mi7AD B3WYXK7%;L5 = F @C;K@GIn;LXKW F = VD @GW?B F @6XK7A5<9<W ^
XLW?7A5<;K@/98;L=jB3;L9<W?7eWY5NMS;KHG;L@RMS;K= F HKt) F 7A`<@J;LHRh F XLW 7UD 5q98;m;K@JM F ;KB]W?@GW 7UD 5 kF In;LHJB]W[MSW?9<7OHG;KXL7A58@JMSHJP<WYHw= F
9<W?@JMSHJWY`<P8XLW 7UD 5p9<;B F MS;KHGW F WY5NMG;LHG;K@JMG;L= F H';L5e5cP<;K@JMSH FmmF = F W F g\7A`8MS;K5<;LH98;;L@RMS;wB]7v9<76= F I<HJWYB3;LH F
I<HJP<;L` F 9<;QacP<;m@G;CMSH F M F g8XL7AB37>=Y7e@G7U@GIn;LX kF ` F B]7U@69<;QP<5 F l F = F W F 9<;L=dMGWYIn7e;L@GI8WYH F = t
Hf7A5 ;L=Y= F @G; kF 5In;LHJXLW?`<WY9<7 7UMGH F @>BOP<X k<F @]H F 9<W?7A= V D 5<; F @KgxT|P85<9 F B3;L5NM F =YB3;L5NMS;+;L5 ;L=wH F 5<lA7 9<;
= F @B3WYXLHJ7Z7U5<9 F @KgXL7AHJHG;L@JI7U5<9<WY;K5NMS;L@ F = F ;KB]W?@GW 7UD 5In7AHB37A=z;KD XLP<= F @3WY5NMS;KHG;L@RMS;K= F HJ;L@Lt u@RM F @7A`v^
@G;KHJh F XKWY7A5<;K@ kF 5In;LHGB3W?MGWY9<7+9<;K9<P<XKWYHpW?58T|7AHJB F XKW 7AD 5-98;lAH F 5h F =?7AHCHG;K= F MGW?h F:F =Y7A@QXK7AB]I8=YWYX F 9<7A@
I<HJ7ZXK;L@G7U@pacPjVD B3WYXK7A@QacP<;MSW?;L5<;K5=?P<l F HQ;L5;L@JMG;%I F HRMSW?XLP<= F HCB];K9<WY7qacP<;%=?=Y;L5 F =?7A@mavP8;XLHJ;AVD F B]7U@
h F XUVD 7A@C;L@JI F XKWY7A@C;K5cMGHG;3= F @2;L@JMGHG;K=Y= F @Lt =Y= VD @G; kF 59<;K@GXKP<`<WY;KHJMG7:9<;K@G9<;3; MGH F 5<\ W?@GWYB F @6B]7A=z;LD XKP<= F @
5cP<5<X FmF 5cMG;L@'7U`<@G;KHJh F 9 F @;K5e= F
D W?;LHJH F2kF @JM F XK7AB3I<=Y;syLVD @GW?B F @j;L@JMGHGP<XzMSP<H F @)B]7U=Y;LXKP<= F HG;L@@GW?B]W?= F HJ;L@
Fu5N= FMSHG@;:acP<= ;m@>XLH 7U5<9<@JWYMG7UW?=MSD PZ58\A; ;L5:@O= B3F 7A` =?F;LXL@G;QP8= 9<;QHJ;L= @eF 9<hv;zWYMS9 ;LF XzM XK7A9 B]7e@=;KF 5EXL;L7A=w5<7vB3XL;L;K9<B]W?77U@LW?t 5NMS;LHJ;L@RMS;L= HLg}X `n;q9<;L@RM X H=
= VD 5<; F ;L5F =?7A@ F g B3V B F 9<;C= F B]7A=z;LDF XKP<= F 9<;bB37AF 5w7 D F WY987p9<;SH F HG`n7A5<7 I H [ P t F =@G;KHF ;L@RM F P<5 F F 9<F ;b= F F @
BF D @w;L@JM F `<=?;L@/B]7A=z;LD XKP<= F @f;L5= F 5 F MSP8H F =?;L~ F \+9 F 9 F = F HG;L= F MSW[h F lAH F 5 F `<P85<9 F 5<XKW F 9<;L= H F HJ`7U5<7
\-;K= [ VD lA;L5<7T|HJ;L5NMS; F 7UMSHJ7A@C;L=?;LB3;L5NMS7A@QIn;L@ F 9<7A@Kg;K@JM F = VD 5<; F gdXL7AB37+= F 9<;K= T6W?9<H7AD lU;L5<7+;L5 =Y7U@
XKB:g F I F HG;KXL;;K5X F @JWMS7v9 F @OI F HJMG;L@e;L5;K=fB3;L9<W?7WY5NMG;LHG;K@JMG;L= F HLt 9<W[T|;LHJ;L5<XKW F 9<;= F = VD 5<; F
;L5+=?7A@ XLB I<HG7v9<P<XKWY9 F ;K5q= F @HG;KlAWY7U5<;L@9<;K=dB3;L9<W?7eWY5NMS;KHG;L@RMS;K= F HHJWYX F @;LQ5 T6W?9<H7UD lA;L5<7 F M7AD B3WYXL7
;L5;L@RM F 987 5<;KP8MSHJ7<gb= F WY5NMS;K5<@ F = VD 5<; F 9<;K=H [ In;LHGB3W?MG;; I<=?7AH F HqW?5<7A`<@J;LHRh F 9 F @HG;KlAWY7U5<;L@+9<;K=
B3;L9<W?7:W?5cMG;LHJ;L@JMG;L= F H987A5<9<;]=Y7A@F D MG7AB]7U@m98;ZT6W?9<H7UD lA;L5<7q@G;]P<5<;K5I F H F T|7AHJB F HQB37A=z;KD XLP<= F @Lt F @
7A`<@J;LHRh F XLWY7U5<;L@eXK7A5;L@RM F = VD 5<; F @J7A5I<P<;K@>;L=fXK7AB3I<=Y;KB];K5cMG7In;LHJT|;KXKMG7 98;= F @HG; F =YWY~ F 9 F @XL7A5= F
= VD 5<; F 98;m=?7A@ XLBqt
u=bB3;L9<W?7WY5NMS;KHG;L@RMS;K= H%;KB]W[MS;M BO`<Wz;LD 5 P<5 XK7A5NMSWY5cP<79<;-H 9<W?7Z;KB]W?@GW 7UD 5dt bWYX 7XK7A5NMSW?5vP87@J;
I<P<;K9<;2@J;LI F H F Hx;L5%P85 F F XK7AB]In7A5<;KF 5NMS;wMZ;LD HJB]W?X F gN;KB]W[MSW?9 F I7AH);KF =nl F @}X F =YW?;L5NMS;w;K5%5<k ;L`8P<=Y7A@ F @)\>P<5 F
XL7UB]In7A5<;K5cMG;5<72MZ;LD HJB]W?X F I8HG7vXL;L98;L5NMS;98;HG;KlAWY7A58;L@98;L=8B3;L98WY72W?5NMS;LHJ;L@RMS;L= F HXK7AB372=Y7U@HJ;LB F 5<;L5NMG;L@
9<;x@GP<In;LHJ5<7 h F 9<7A5<98;fWY5NMG;L5<@J7A@X F B3I7A@B F lA5};zD MSWYXK7A@ F XL;K=Y;KH F 5m=Y7A@;L=?;LXzMSHG7U5<;L@=YW?`<HG;K@7U`<=YW?l)F D 5<9<7U=Y7A@
F ;LB3W?MGWYHH F 9<W F XLW 7UD 5%@GW?5<XLHJ7UMSH<7AD 5+;L5X F @GWMS7v9 F @w= F @H F 9<WY7UT|HJ;LXKP<;L5<XKW F @Kt
+/b&x./0./0L( 3
t t
t t
V> &
OKNW
#! "%$ &('*)+-,#.0/012123564, '
7(8:9<;>=@?BAC9EDFAHGHIJ8:KJAC9LGCMONQPQIRGHIRMONQAH9<ACNKS8T9VUW=@AX9YAZAHN@GH=QACN\[E]^8_AHK-;XACPQIJM#IRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]X`bac8edCf 9EIR;Z8:9
PQACNQ9EIRPc8:PQAC9Hhi8:KR[EMO9jMXaQ8edYMO9lkc=mdYMO9lPQAn]^8:P@IS8:GCI%MOf N#;>=@?*AHNQAC]EoApf [^IJGH8@hqac8edHgf 9EIJ;X8:9rMX8:Ks[t8:9j[^AC;XgDFAH]E8T[Yu
=Q]E8:9tvwP@AC[^AC]E;6IJNc8TNx=QN0Dc8T]Y[ygf GH=QKJ8:]lGHMO;6DFMO]Y[^8:;XIRAHNz[^M|{}gf 9YIJGCMX? UW=~gf ;6IJGHM6U\=QA>PQACaiA9YAH]AC9Y[E=QPQIS8TPQM
GHM:Nx8:KRor=Qf N*PQAp[t8:KRKJAT
wM:9MGC=QDc8:]YAH;6MO9>AHNAC9Y[^A#GH8:Dgf [E=QKJMxPQADQ]EAC9EACN\[^8:]|PQA;X8:NQAH]E8;>=@?9EIJNz[ACf [^IRGy808:KRoO=QNQM:9>PQAKJM:9
;8:f 9IR;XDFMO]Y[^8:Nz[^AC98:9YDiACGC[EMO9jPQAHKiGHMO;6DFMO]Y[^8:;XIRAHNz[^M@hWP@AKS8<{}gf 9EIRGy8<?ZKJ8U\=gf ;6IJGH8@h\PQAKS8n;Z8m[^AH]YIS8nAHN
KS8T9GCMONQPQIRGHIJM:NQAH9]EAHIRNc8:Nz[^AC9rAHNZAHK;6AHP@IJMnIJNz[^AC]EAH9}[^ACKS8:]CMON*AHKFcN*PQA5O;Z8m[t8:]-PQMO9Dc8edE8:]YMO9rPQAw=QN
9cM:f KJMV[^IR]EMOVKJ8<P@AH9EGC]EIRDiGCI%MOf N6PQAlPQIJGt@MO9-DQ]EMWGHAC9EMO9-[^ACNQPQ]c8<f KJ=@oz8:]AHN6AHKq;X8:]EGCM<PQAl=QNc8<PQIR{AC]EAHN@GHIS8TGHI%M:f N
GHKJ8:]^8<PQAwKS8:9-PQIR9Y[^IRNz[t8:9{b8:9YAH9ACN*KS8T9U\=QAw9EAwDQ]EAC9EAHNz[^8>AHKq;XACPQIJMnIJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]Hh\[^AHN@IJAHN@PQMACNZGH=@AHNz[t8
AHK@AHGtQM UW=@A6P@IJ9Y[EIJNz[^M:9{AHNlMOf ;6AHN@MO9n8:Gy8:ACGHACNAHNKS8T9VPQIR:AH]E9E8:9nGHMONQP@IJGHIRMONQAC9VUW=@AXPQAp[^AC]E;6IJNc8:NBKJ8
PQIs{AH]EACNQGHIJ8AHNz[^]YAn=@Nc8:9j{b8:9EAC92?*M:[^]E8:9H
7(8X;X8y?OMO]wDc8:]Y[EAPQALKS8{}f 9YIJGy8|?_KS8|UW=~f ;6IJGy8|IJNz:MOKJ=QGC]^8:PQ8XAHNxAHKAC9Y[E=QPQIJMXPQAHK;6AHPQIRMZIJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]
oOMOH8LPQAw=QNc8nApW[^]YAH;X8LGHM:g ;XDQKRAdYIRPc8:P6UWg=@A5AHNZ9E=*;X8y?OMO]Dc8:]}[^A2KS8<DiMON@A2{=QAC]^8P@AHKi8:KJGH8:NQHA2PQA2AH9}[^A
[^AW[^MQh~ACKGH=Q8:KM:{]YAHGCA9EMOKRM*=QNc8*IRN\[E]EMWPQ=QGCGHI%M:f N08:K[EAH;X8@hi?xAHN0ACKU\=QA9EAA@DFMONQACNBPQA>;X8:NQAH]E88
OACGHAC9;>=@?9EIJ;6DQKRIRcGH8:Pc8X{ACNlMOf ;6AHNQMO9<U\=QA6ApIJo:AHN=QNc8#PQAH9YGH]EIRDiGCI%MOf N;8:f 9VDQ]EACGHIR9^8@6NKJ8*aQIJaQKRIsu
MOoO]E8T{}gf 8|PQACKGH8:DQIR[E=QKJMX9EALIJNQGCKJ=@?:AHN08:KRoO=QNc8T95]EAp{AH]YAHNQGCIS8:9wUW=@A>DQ=QACPQAHN09YAH]GCMONQ9E=@KR[t8TPc8:95ACN0aQ=Q9YGy8
PQA<IJN{MO]E;X8:GHIyMOf N*;8:f 9jDQ]YAHGHIR9^8?GHM:;XDQKRAC[^8@
#! " >O>V. V.03H, 3y'*)V+V)VH+
K;6AHP@IJM_IJNz[^AC]EAH9}[^ACKS8:]nNQMxAC9=QN9EIJ;6DQKRA|kQ=gf PQM QMO;6MOoOACNQAHMQ#7(8:9nPQIs{AH]EACNQGHIJ8:9nAHNz[^]YA*=QNc8:9L]EAu
oOIRMONQAH9l?#M:[E]^8:92PQAnKS8|;Z8T[EAH]YIS8U\=QAKRKJAHNQ8|ACK(AH9EDQ8:GHIRMZAHNz[E]EAKJ8:9lAH9}[^]EACKJKJ8:9wACNxN\=QAC9Y[^]E8<8:KS8mIJ8|9YA
]EApkcAdE8TNAHN9E=GHMO;6DFMO9EIRGHI%M:f NU\=~gf ;XIRGy8@hN@M 9QMOf KJM#AHNKJM#U\=QA6]EAH9YDiACGC[^8x8#PQIR{AC]EAHN@GHIS8T9nACNKJ8#;X8:Nu
AH]E8ZGHM:;XM6KJMO92PQIR9Y[^IRNz[^MO92AHKRAH;6AHNz[^MO9wU\=gf ;6IJGCMO9lDQ]EAC9EAHNz[EAH9VAHN0ACKJKJ8:9l9EA=@NQAHN0Dc8T]^86{M:]E;X8:]lNW=@ACT8:9
e
e
"! # !$ %& (')
!+*,! -
! *
9E=@9Y[t8TNQGHIJ8:9Hhr9YIJNQMAHN KS80Gy8TN\[EIJPc8TP]EACKS8T[EIRT8PQA_KJMO9|ACKJAH;6AHNz[EMO9|;XIR9E;6MO9HhPQIJ9}[^IRN\[^8:9|PQAHN@9EIJPQ8:PQAH9Ch
PQIs{AH]EACNQGHIJ8:9lAHN AHK(GHMONz[EAHNQIRPQMZPQAnDFMOKR:MQhqApW[^ACNQ9EIyMOf NxAC9EDc8:GCIS8:K(PQAn]EACoOIJM:NQAH9laQIRAHNxP@IR{AH]YAHNQGCIS8:PQ8:9lPQA
M:[E]^8:9ChQ[^AH;6DFAH]^8m[^=Q]E8@hQDQ]YMODQIJACPc8:PQAC9lAH;6IJ9EIsT8:9rAHNz[E]EA<M:[^]E8:9H
.wN@M*PQA>KRMO9wD@]EIJN@GHIJDQ8:KJAC92{b8:Gp[^MO]YAH9wUW=@A>AH9}[t8:aQKRAHGCAHN0PQIs{AH]EACNQGHIJ8:95ACNz[^]EAKS8:92PQIJ9}[^IRN\[^8:95]YAHoOIRMONQAC95PQACK
;6AHPQIRMIJNz[^AC]EAC9Y[^ACKS8:]KJMGCMONQ9}[^IR[E=@?OAj9Y=|GHAH]YGy8:N~gf 85MVKRAdE8:N~gf 8585{=QACNz[^AH9P@AjIJNz[^ACNQ9^85?L;>=@?LAHNQAC]EoApf [^IRGy8
]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf NACKJACGC[^]YMO;X8:oONApf [^IJGH8@
7(8>GHAC]EGy8TNgf 8|8>PQIRGtc8:9r{=QACN\[EAH9j[^IRAHNQAVKJ8Gy8TDc8:GHIRPc8:PDFMO]rA dYAH;6DQKJMPQAVIRNQGH]YAH;6AHNz[t8T]rGHMON@9EIJP@AH]^8TaQKJAu
;6AHNz[^AXKS8[^AH;6DFAH]^8m[^=Q]E8 PQACK;6AHPQIRMQh]YAHPQ=@GHIJ]nGy8T9EI8xGHAC]EMACKGCMONz[^AHN@IJPQM PQA*DFMOKR:MQhIRMONQIRy8:]<KJM:9
8Tf [EMO;XM:9r?;XM:KpAHf GC=QKS8T9?A@GCIR[^8:]EKRMO9jc8:9}[t8|c8:GHAC]EKRMO9jAH;6IR[EIJ]r]E8:PQIS8TGHI%M:f N~
/M:]M:[^]YMKS8:P@MQhiKJ8ZKJA dE8:Ng f 8XPQA>KJ8:95{=QACNz[^AH9V;6AHN@GHIJM:Nc8:Pc8:95DiAC]E;6IR[^AnAHN@GHMONz[^]E8:]VKS8X;Z8T[EAH]YIS8XACN0=QN
AH9}[t8:P@M; 8Tf 96[E]^8:NQU\=QIRKJMQhGHMON=QN 8:Ks[^MGHMONz[^ACNQIJP@MPQAxDFMOKsOM? DFMO]|[t8:Nz[^M=QNc8ACKJACT8:PQ8MODc8TGHIsu
Pc8:PhGH8:]^8TGC[^AC]EIRy8:PQM[^8:;>aQIpAHf N0DFMO]VKS8*DQ]YAH9YAHNQGCIS8#PQA|;XMOKpAHf GC=QKS8:958*OAHGCAH9L;>=@?GCMO;6DQKJA dE8:9Hhac8%dE8:9
[^AC;XDFAH]E8T[^=@]^8:9?*8:KR[^8:9rPQACNQ9EIRPc8:PQAC9HhcGCMONQPQIRGHIJM:NQAH9rD@]EMODQIRGHIJ8:9rDc8:]E8>KS8L{M:]E;X8:GHIyMOf N*PQAVKJ8:9rAH9}[^]YAHKJKJ8:9H
9Y[^8:9VPQMO9VPQIR9Y[EIJNz[t8:95;Z8:N@AH]^8T9AHNBKS8T95U\=QA|9EADQ=@AHPQAACNQGHMONz[E]^8:]VKJ8Z;Z8m[^AH]YIS8ZACNBAHK;6AHP@IJM*IRN\[EAH]u
AH9}[^ACKS8:]ChIRN\[E]EMWPQ=QGCAHNACKD@]EIJ;6AH]VAC9EU\=QAC;Z8xP@AXPQIs{AH]YAHNQGCIS8:GCI%MOf N~1 0KJ8:9<DQ]EIR;XAC]^8:9Ch(Gy8:]E8:GC[EAH]EIRy8:PQ8:9
DFMO]r;X8T[^AC]EIS8>ACN#AH9Y[^8:PQM|IJM:NQIJH8:PQMQhAHKJApT8:Pc8:9r[EAH;6DiAC]^8T[E=Q]^8:9?KS8GH8:9EI8:=Q9YAHNQGCIS8PQAVDFMOKR:M9EA<KS8T9
GHM:NQMGCALGCMO;63M 25476987:<;=4?>"@BACA<` 9}[^MZP@AHaQIRPQMZ8|U\=QA>8TKJK gf AHK(QIRPQ]cMOf o:AHNQMQhcACK(; 8:f 928:a@=QNQPc8:Nz[EALPQAnKJM:9
AHKRAH;6AHNz[^M:9U\=gf ;6IJGCMO95ACN0AHK=@NQIR:AH]E9YMQh9EAACNQGH=@AHNz[^]E8_8TKJK gf ACN9Y=09EACoO=QNQPQM#AC9Y[t8TPQMPQAIJM:NQIJH8:GHIyMOf N~h
AH9jP@AHGHIR]j8:U\=QACK~AHN#AHKiU\=QAVc8>DFAH]EP@IJPQM9Y= =@f NQIJGCM>AHKRAHGC[E]cMOf Ncvp$ /M:]jAHKGCMONz[^]E8:]EIRMKS8:99EAHo:=QNQPc8:9Chc; 8Tf 9
{]Hgf 8:9?6PQAHNQ9E8:9r9YA5KS8T9GCMONQMWGHA5GCMO;6DM 25476987:<;=4?>5@5Aw` 8:KRK gf KJ8n;X8y?OMO]Hgf 8<PQA5KRMO9Z8Tf [^MO;6MO9-PQAwQIJPQ]QMOf oOACNQM
9EA5AHNQGC=QAHNz[^]E8>AHNACKiDQ]YIJ;6AH]AH9}[t8:PQMPQAIJM:NQIJH8:GHIyMOf N~hzAH9PQAHGCIJ]r8TUW=@AHKACN*AHKFU\=QANQMc8:N*DFAH]YPQIJPQM9E=
AHKRAHGp[^]cM:f Nqvp
05KIJNz[^AC]EIJM:]PQA|AH9}[t8:9<]EACoOIJM:NQAH9VDFMP@AH;6MO9V89E=BOAC6ACNQGHM:N\[E]^8:]<AC9Y[^]Y=QGC[E=Q]^8T9LGCMONBGy8:]E8:GC[EAH]Hg f 9Y[EIJGy8T9
PQIR9ygf ;6IJKRAH9AHNxKRM|UW=@AL]YAH9EDFAHGp[t8*8|9E=_GHM:;XDFMO9EIRGHIyMOf N#UW=~gf ;6IJGy8h@PQACNQ9EIRPc8:P~hq;6AHGy8TNQIJ9Y;XMO9lPQA<AC;XIR9EI%M:f N
PQAn]^8:P@IS8:GCI%MOf N?_PQIJNj8:f ;XIRGy8U\=QAnMOaQKJIRoz8:N_8X9Y= :AH8|GH]YAy8:]w=QNc8X9Y=QaFAH9Y[E]E=QGp[^=Q]E8:GHIyMOf NACNxKJM6U\=QA9YA
GHM:NQMGCAVcNc8:KR;XACN\[EAVGHMO;6M|KS8:9r{b8T9EAH9lPQACK;XACPQIJM|IRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]H
7(8:9l]EACoOIJMON@AH,9 EGFHFDQ=QACPQAHNx8:Dc8:]YAHGCAH]lAHJN IXP@IJ9Y[EIJNz[t8T9r{b8:9EAC9 K,;=4LMNO:P>Q<>SR98 TUMV>Q<>?W$;=4LMXNO:P>Q<>ZY[N\Q9;^]
4%_7Q9`%8aQ<>?Wb`?4%cdQ9;=4%;^_e4?>SRX4">%MPY^4%`U;=:<f<Q<Wg6VQ<>h8i;^_e4%`?4?>%_e4%N\Q9`kjCQ9Nl874%;^_(4J
? 6VQ<>m8i;^_e4%`U;=4LMN\Q9`
7(8:9l]EACoOIJMON@AH59 EGFGHMO;6DQ]YAHNQPQACN {b8:9YAH928:PQIRGHIJM:Nc8:KJAC9 KZ;^MnL%4?>SR98 TUMV>Q<>o? ;^ML%4?>pRX4%;n>Q<>p
N KJM UW=@A*]EAC9Y[t8 PQAHKGy8:D~gf [^=QKRMxPQAC9EGC]EIJa@IJ]EAC;XM:9LKRMO9DQ]YIJNQGCIJDc8TKJAH9L8:9YDiACGC[^M:9>U\=QA*Gy8T]^8:Gp[^AH]YIJH8:NKS8T9
PQIR9Y[^IRNz[t8:9{b8T9EAH9|PQACKr;6AHPQIRMIJNz[^AC]EAC9Y[^ACKS8:]Ch-KJMO9>;6AHP@IJMO9>DQ8:]^809E=MOa@9EAH]}T8:GHIyMOf N ?PQAp[^AHGCGHIyMOf N ?KJM:9
DQ]YMGCAH9EM:92{}gf 9EIJGCMO9?U\=~gf ;XIRGHMO9UW=@An[EIJAHN@AHN_KJ=Qoz8T]rAHN_9E=_9EACNQMQ
!#?" q r " s0/0C,X>.03Hz/0
.wN@M PQA6KJM:9VDQ]EIR;XAC]EMO9V;6AHPQIRMO9VDFMO]<KJMO9VU\=QA69EA6DQ=QPQM GHMON@9Y[t8m[t8:]<KS8A@IR9Y[EAHNQGCIS8#PQA|;Z8T[EAH]YIS8*U\=QA
KJKRAHNc8Tac8AHKj;6AHPQIRM0IJNz[^AC]EAC9Y[^ACKS8:]Ch{=@A_ACKjPQA_KS8MOaQ9YAH]}:8TGHI%M:f N PQA#KJ8:9U\=QA#GHMONQMWGHAC;XM:96@Me?GHMO;6M
NQACaQ=QKJM:9^8:9P@IR{=Q9E8:9H" 0 AC9Y[EA[^IRDiM*P@A>MOaWdYAp[^MO9DFAH]}[^ACNQAHGCAHN=QNc8ZoO]E8:N0;X8%?:MO]Hgf 8XPQAKS8:9wNQAHaQ=@KJMO9E8:9
Gy8m[t8:KRMOoz8:Pc8T9rDiM:],t AH9Y9EIJAC]2?8:9Y[E]cMOf NQM:;XMO9jDFMO9}[^AH]YIJMO]YAH9C
9Y[c8:f N{MO]Y;Z8:PQ8:9AHN>o:AHNQAC]^8:K\DFMO](oz8:9UW=@ADFMO](PQIJ9}[^IJNz[EMO9(DQ]EMWGHAC9EMO9PQAAGHIR[^8:GHIyMOf NAC;XIs[^A]E8:PQIS8TGHI%M:f N
PQA<;>=@?*PQIR:AH]E9E8:9lKJMON@oOIR[E=QPQAH9jP@AnM:NQPc8|IJNQGCKJ=@?:AHNQPQM@hQGHMO;6M|Gy8:]E8:GC[EAH]Hgf 9Y[EIJGH8|AC9EDFAHGCIS8:K hQAHK~WIJ9YIJaQKRA:
VX
!
"$#&%')(+*-,.'+#&
/ %103254.,+#&687'!%9*-,.'+#:
/ %
?
<
>=
e I
"! # !$ %& (')
!+*,! -
! *
9E=cGHIRAHNz[^AnGy8:Nz[EIJPc8:P#PQA<;X8T[^AC]EIJ8>NQAHGCAH9^8T]EIS8|Dc8:]E8GH]EAH8:]lAH9}[^]E=@GC[^=@]^8:92GHMO;6M|KS8:9jP@AH9EGC]EIs[t8:9C
7MO95ACKJACGC[^]YMONQAC95AH;6IR[EIJPQM:92DFMO]wAHKDQ]EMWGHAC9EM*PQALIJMON@IJy8TGHI%M:f N~hqAHNQGC=QAHNz[^]E8:N0M:[E]EMO9wAHKJACGC[E]EMONQAC95GCMONKJM:9
U\=QAIRNz[^AH]YGy8:;aQIS8:NL8:KRoOMwP@AKS8lAHN@AH]EoQgf 8lUW=@A]EACGHIRaQIJAC]EMONLPQAKJ82]E8:PQIS8TGHI%M:f N~-9}[^M2[^AH]Y;Z8TKJIJH8jAHKWoz8:9PQA
AHKRAHGp[^]EM:NQAH9ChQU\=QAV8:KFIJNz[^AC]^8:Gp[^=c8T]GHM:N*KJMO9DQ]YM:[^MON@AH9rKRIJaQ]YAH9KJAH9[^AH]Y;Z8TKJIJH8:N[t8:;aQIpACf N~K]YAH9E=@KR[t8TPQM
AH95=QN;6AHPQIRMXACNAHKU\=QA>KS8T92:AHKJMWGHIRPc8:PQAC95PQALKS8:92Dc8:]}[%gf GH=QKJ8:9w9YAPQIR9Y[E]EIJa@=@?OACN;Z8e AHKRKJIJ8:Nc8:;6AHNz[^A
Gy8T]^8:Gp[^AH]YIJH8:PQM6DiMO]l=QNQ8|[EAH;6DiAC]^8T[E=Q]^8|GHAC]EGy8TNc8X8|KS8PQAnKS8|8T[E; M:f 9Y{AH]E8PQALKJ8AH9Y[E]EACKJKS8U\=QAL]EMWPQAy8@h
8:KR]EAHP@AHPQMO]jP@A 58
7MO9*ACNQGH=QACNz[^]EM:9AHNz[^]YA0AHKJACGC[E]EMONQAC9Z? IJMONQAC9ZApOAHNz[E=c8:KJ;6AHNz[EA[^AH]Y;XIRNc8:N AHN =QNc8]YAHGH8:D@[^=@]^8PQACK
DQ]YIJ;6AH]EMDiMO]AH9Y[EA=@f KR[^IR;XM@hWD@]EMWGHAH9YM|GHMONQMWGHIRPQMGHM:;XM>]YAHGCMO;>aQIRNc8:GHIyMOf N~7(8]EACGHMO;aQIJNc8TGHI%M:f N*PQAVKJM:9
AHKRAHGp[^]EM:NQAH9nPQAHKoz8:9V?BKRMO9<IJMONQAC9LACNACKD@]EAH9YAHNz[^AC9>9EAXGHMON@9Y[^Is[^=@?:AZACN=QN;XACGy8:NQIR9E;6M#]EIRT8:K8:K-PQA
IJM:NQIJH8:GHIyMOf N KKRM*U\=QA|AHNB=QNc8]YAHoOIyMOf N0PQAKS8XNW=@aiA|AH9VKRMOoO]E8:PQM*DFMO]VAHKX=Qf KR[EIJ;6MZDQ]YMGCAH9EM#DQ=@AHPQA|9EAC]
aFMO]E]E8:PQMlMw9Y=QDFAH]^8TPQMwDFMO]ACKWD@]EIJ;6AH]YMQNLGH8:9EI2[^MWPQMlAHKzOMOKR=Q;6AHN<PQA-KS8jNQACaQ=QKJM:9^8@hmKJMO9D@]EMWGHAH9YMO9PQA
IJM:NQIJH8:GHIyMOf NX?]YAHGCMO;>aQIRNc8:GHIyMOf N*AC9Y[q8Tf N ACN_ACU\=QIJKRIJaQ]YIJMQ IJN#AC;>ac8:]YoOMAHN#KS8T9r]EACoOIJMON@AH9j;8:f 9j8:KRAdE8:Pc8T9
PQAKS8wAC9Y[E]EAHKRKS82MAH9}[^]EACKJKJ8:9AGHIR[^8:PQMO]E8:9ACKkc=edYM5PQAr]E8:PQIJ8:GHIyMOf NL=@KR[^]E8yIRMOKJAp[t8l9EA]EAHP@=QGHAjACN>9E=@QGHIJACNz[^A
GH=Q8:Nz[%gf 8LDc8:]^8LUW=@AAH9}[^APQACKJIRGy8:PQMLAHU\=QIRKJIJa@]EIJM<9YA]EMO;6Dc8<?ZKJ8L]EACGHMO;aQIJNc8TGHI%M:f NZAHKRIJ;6IJNQAjGCMO;6DQKJAp[t8n?
]c8Tf DQIJPc8T;XACN\[EAVKJM|KJM:oO]^8:P@MDiMO]jKJ8IJMONQIRy8:GCI%MOf NN AC9Y[t8T9w]YAHoOIRMONQAH9lKJ8|N@AHaQ=QKRMO9^8ACNQGH=QACNz[^]^8XKJMU\=QA
DFMPQAC;XM:92KRKS8:;X8:]rACK(K gf ;6IR[EAAHNz[E]EAn9ygf ;XIR9E;X8? ACK(;XACPQIJM|GHIR]EGC=QNQPc8:Nz[EA:l7(8XA@IR9Y[EAHNQGCIS8|PQA=QN_[t8:K
K gf ;XIs[^APQAjKJ8w]YAHoOIyMOf N>PQArIRMONQIRy8:GCI%MOf NnU\=QAj]EMWPQAy8w=QNc8AH9}[^]YAHKJKJ8@h:IRPQAHNz[EIRcGH8:Pc85ACNNW=@AH9Y[E]^8VPQAC9EGH]YIJDFGHIyMOf N
GHM:N>KS8lNQAHa@=QKJMO9E8w;6IJ9Y;Z8@h%{=QAAH9}[t8:aQKRAHGCIJPQMwDiMO]DQ]YIJ;6AH]^8jOACrDFMO] [^]EM:;XoO]YAHN~g.wN>8:Nl8:f KRIJ9EIR9DQ]EACGHIR9EM
PQACKACUW=@IJKJIRaQ]EIRMXACNz[^]EALKJMO9wDQ]EMWGHAC9EMO9wPQA>IRMONQIJH8:GHIyMOf N?_]EAHGCMO;>aQIRNc8:GCI%MOf N AHNKJ8X;X8T[^AC]EIS8|IJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]
U\=QA]EMWPQAH8*=QNc8AH9}[^]EACKJKJ8ZPc8:Pc8h~DiAC]E;6IR[EAHN0AH9}[t8:a@KJAHGCAH]VKJ8ZApIJ9}[^ACNQGHIJ8*PQA=QNc89E=@DiAC]YcGCIJAGHIR]EGC=QKS8:]
GHM:NGCAHNz[^]YM ACNBKS8*AH9}[^]YAHKJKJ8*PQAHNz[E]EM#PQAKS8*GC=c8:KKJ8*;Z8m[^AH]YIS8ZAC9Y[^8#IRMONQIRy8:Pc86?{=QAH]E8*PQA|KS8ZGC=c8:KKJ8
]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf NZ=QKR[E]^8yWIJMOKRAC[t8LNQM|AH9j9E=cGHIRAHNz[^AnDc8:]E8>;Z8:Nz[EAHNQAC]EKS8>ACN =@N#[^8:K~AC9Y[t8TPQMQb 0 AH9}[t8|]EACoOI%MOf N9YA
KS8>GCMONQMWGHA<GHM:;XM|KS8|9Y{AC]^8|PQA [^]YMO;6oO]EACN~h@?9Y= ]E8:PQIJMAC9Y[^86Pc8TPQMXDFMO]Ch
` @ v
PQMON@PQA ! AC9AHKN=Qf ;XAC]EM6[^M:[^8:KP@A{M:[^M:NQAH9wAH;6IR[^IRPQMO92DiM:]wKJ8ZAH9}[^]EACKJKJ8XGHM:NKJMON@oOIR[E=QPQAH9wPQA>MON@Pc8
IJN{AH]EIRMO]EAC9l86KJ8KJMONQo:IR[^=@PGH]Hgf [^IRGy8>PQAnIJMON@IJy8TGHI%M:f NB`bDc8T]^8|AH-K EwIRPQ]cM:f oOAHNQM6DFMO]jAdYAC;XDQKRM #"$ vph AC9
KS8#PQACNQ9EIRPc8:PACKJAHGp[^]QMOf NQIJGH8_? AH9=@NDc8:]Q8:f ;XAp[^]YMxGHM:NQMGCIJPQM_GHM:;XM AHK-{b8:GC[EMO]LP@AZ]EACGHMO;aQIJNc8TGHI%M:f N
PQApcNQIJP@MXDFMO]Hh
%
N KJ80PQAHPQ=@GHGHIyMOf N PQAHKjT8:KJM:]>PQAHKl]E8:PQIJM0P@A_KJ80]EAHo:I%MOf NPQA#IJM:NQIJH8:GHIyMOf N~hPc8:P@MDFMO] h9EA#[^=OM
9cM:f KJM<AHNXGH=QACN\[^8LGCMO;XMV{b8:Gp[^MO]-PQAlIRMONQIJH8:GHIyMOf NKS8V]E8:PQIS8TGHI%M:f NPQIJ]YAHGC[^8:;6AHNz[^AlAH;6IR[EIJPc8DFMO]-KS8AC9Y[E]EAHKRKS8@
IRNAH;>ac8T]EoOM|9EA<9E8:aiAVU\=QA<ACN_ACKDQ]EMWGHAC9EM|PQA<]EACGHMO;aQIJNc8TGHI%M:f N*DQ=QACPQAL9YAH]jAC;XIs[^IJPQ8]^8:P@IS8:GCI%MOf N*GCMON
AHN@AH]EoQgf 8>9E=cGHIRAHNz[^AVDc8T]^8>IJM:NQIJH8:]MT[^]EM:9#8Tf [^M:;XMO9C 059Hgf 8:=QN@UW=@AVAHKkc=edYMPQA]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf NZ=QKR[E]^8yWIJMOKRAC[t8
PQA#KS80AC9Y[^]YAHKRKS80GHACN\[E]^8:Kl9YAy8B;>=@? DFAHU\=QAN@ MACNKS8DFAH]YIR{AC]EIS8P@A KJ8BN\=QaFA:h8:KJo:=QNQMO9 8Tf [EMO;6MO9DiM:]
AHN@GHIJ;X8*PQAAC9Y[t8]YAHoOIyMOf N0DQ=QACPQAHN9EAC]VIJMONQIRy8:P@MO9DFMO]AC{ACGC[EM_P@AKJMO9D@]EMWGHAH9YMO9<PQA]EACGHMO;aQIJNc8TGHI%M:f N
8:KRK f 8TGy8:ACGHIJP@MO9H7MO9-K f ;6IR[^AC9PQA2KS8]YAHoOIyMOf N|PQA2IJMONQIRy8:GCI%MOf N9EA2ApW[^IRAHNQPQACN*8:KRoOMV;8:f 98:KJKy85f PQAHKq=Q;aQ]^8:K
AH9}[tg 8:a@KJAHGCIJPQM|DFMO] Xg[^8:K?GCMO;6M6AC9lDQ]EAC9EAHNz[^8:PQMZACN @
5[^]YM6{b8:Gp[^MO]jU\=QA<[^IRAHNQP@A8|c8:GCAH]l; 8Tf 92o:]^8:NQP@AnACK(]^8:PQIRM|PQA<KS8]EACoOI%MOf N#PQAnIJM:NQIJH8:GHIyMOf N*[t8:K~?*GHMO;6M
{=QA|Gy8TKJGH=@KS8:PQM#8T]E]EIRac8@h~]YAH9YIJPQA|AHNAHK@AHGtQM_PQA|U\=QA|KS8DQ]EAC9EIyMOf NBAHNPQIJGtc8]YAHoOIyMOf NB9EA|IJNQGC]EAC;XACN\[^8
]EAC9EDFAHGp[^M 8*KS8*DQ]YAH9EIyMOf NBPQAHK;XACPQIJMGCIJ]EGC=QNQPc8TN\[EA:9}[^M_9EAPQACaiA68:KIJNQGC]EAH;6AHNz[EM_ACNBKS8*PQACNQ9EIRPc8:P
N5=Qf ;6AH]YIJGy8PQADc8:]}[%gf GC=QKS8T9~DQ]EAC9EACN\[EAH9AHN<KS8rNQACaQ=QKRMO9^8@heDFMO]~Ap{AHGC[EMwP@AKS8rKJIRaiAC]^8:GCI%MOf NwPQA-KJMO9AHKJACGC[E]EMONQAC9
PQAlKJM:968Tf [^MO;6MO9N@AH=@[E]EMO9ChWP@AHKcGH=j8:f KcPQAHDFAHN@PQAwP@IJ]EACGC[^8:;XACNz[^AjKS8VDQ]YAH9YI%MOf N~MON6=QNc8<DQ]EAC9EI%M:f N6IRNz[^AH]YIJMO]
;X8%?:MO]jKS8NQACaQ=QKRMO9^89EAnApDc8TNQPQAnc8:9Y[^8|8:KJGH8:NQy8T]jGHMON_AHK;6AHPQIRMAHKACUW=@IJKJIRaQ]EIRM>QIRPQ]EMO9}[q8Tf [EIJGCMQ
IqKS8<;X8T[^AC]EIS8VIRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]-UW=@A5AHNzW=QACKROA5=QNc8LAC9Y[E]EAHKRKS8<Gy8:KRIJACN\[EAl9EA5IRMONQIRy8{MO]E;X8:NQP@Mn=@Nc8L]YAHoOIyMOf N
8:DQ]YMy@IR;Z8TPc8:;6AHNz[^AXAH9Y{yACf ]EIRGy8@h DiM:]>U\=Af KS8:9LNQAHa@=QKJMO9E8:9PQIs{=Q9^8:9DQ]EAC9EAHNz[^8:N {M:]E;X8:9L[^8:N Gy8:D@]EIsu
GtQMO9E8:9 O 7(8]YAH9YDQ=QAH9}[t8 ]^8:PQIRGy8ACN ACKVQAHGt@M PQA0U\=QAB9YIJAH;6DQ]YA0AH9#DiM:9EIJa@KJAACNQGHMONz[E]^8:]#8 KS8T9
NQACaQ=QKJM:9^8:9<PQIs{=Q9^8:9VACN8T9EMWGHIS8TGHI%M:f N0GHMONBM:[E]^8:9{b8:9YAH9<PQACK;XACPQIJMIRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]Hh(N\=QaFAH9<PQAHN@9^8:9nDiM:]
AdYAC;XD@KJMQhUW=@AnD@=QAHPQACNxMO9YGH=Q]YAHGCAH]2=QNc8aQ=QACNc86DQ8:]Y[EAnP@AVKS8>]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf NAC;XIs[^IRPc8PQAC9EPQA<=QNc8|aQ=QACNc8
Dc8:]}[^A<PQA<KS8>AC9Y{AC]^8|PQA [^]YMO;Xo:]EAHN#U\=QAnKS8>PQApcNQAT9lDQ=QAC9wKJ8>DQ]EAC9EAHN@GHIS86PQA<AH9}[t8:9lN\=QaFAH92KS8>U\=QA
cNc8TKJ;6AHNz[^AVPQAp[^AC]E;6IJNc8KS8>GCMO;6DQKJA dE88:Nc8T[EMO; gf 8>PQA<KS8>NQACaQ=QKRMO9^8@
IRN AC;>ac8:]YoOMQh-GH=Q8:NQPQMB9EA#AQ8T;XIRNc8KS8NQACaQ=QKRMO9^8BAHNKJM:NQoOIR[E=QPQAC9>PQA#MONQPc80IRNc8:KR[EAH]E8:Pc8:9>DFMO]KJ8
MODc8TGy8;Z8m[^AH]YIS8ZP@A6KJ8:9N\=QaFAH9nPQAHN@9^8:9<AHN9E=9EACNQM#9^8:KRA|8KS8*KJ=@KS8*AH9YDiAC]^8:PQ8#9YIJ;6AC[E]ygf 8XAH9Y{yACf ]EIRGy8
PQA<KS8>N@AHaQ=QKRMO9^8
VX
4.,+*%'
4
#
'
4
*
'.
#:
/ %
%94
)#
* '
*
7
e
"! # !$ %& (')
!+*,! -
! *
9^8TKR[^M:92U\=QAn9EAn]EAH8:KJIRy8:N#ACN\[E]EALNQIR:AHKJAC9l; 8:f 928:Ks[^MO928:K9YAHoO=@NQPQMZN@IROACK(AHNxACKn8Tf [^M:;XM|PQASEwIRPQ]cMOf o:AHNQMQ
9Y[EMO9>9^8TKR[^M:9LPc8TNKJ=@oz8:]L8 KS8#{b8:;6IJKJIJ8ZPQAXK f N@Ay8:9nAHNACKWIR9EIJa@KJA|PQAHK EwIRPQ]cMOf o:AHNQM GHMONQMWGHIRPc8#GHMO;6M
KS8 AH]EIRAPQA r8:KR;XAC]HNz[^]YA6ACKJKJ8:9KS8;8:f 9DQg ]YMOac8:a@KJAA|IJNz[^ACNQ9^8#AHNKS8T9NQAHa@=QKJMO9E8:9<PQIR{=@9^8:9VAC9LKJ8
GHM:]E]EAC9EDFMONQPQIRAHNz[^A_8:K9^8:Ks[^MU\=QA#9YA]EAy8TKJIJH8xPQAC9EPQA#AHK[^AC]EGHAC]68:K9YAHoO=QN@PQMBNQIR:AHKj8T[cMOf ;6IJGHM@B-NACK
DQ]YMGCAH9EM69EA<AC;XIs[^AV=QN#{M:[qM:f N_GCMON_AHNQAC]Eocgf 8|PQ8:Pc8DiM:]Hh
:A
(
=QAV[^IRAHNQAV=QNQ86KRMONQoOIs[^=QPPQA<MON@Pc8Pc8:Pc8|DiM:]Hh
;
>=
( (
$"
% O
AHK8Tf [^MO;6M{]YAHGH=@AHNz[^AC;XACN\[EAACNQGH=@AHNz[^]E8wM:[E]EMO9<8mf [^MO;6MO9~GCMON<KJMO9~GC=c8:KRAH9DQ=QACPQA-IJNz[^AC]EGH8:;>aQIJ8:]ACNQAH]Yocgf 8@
N P@IJGtc8:9#IRN\[EAH]E8:GHGCIJMONQAC9HhwKS8AHN@AH]EoQgf 8 PQAHKVACKJACGC[^]QMOf N AHN AHKVNQIsOACK;XAp[t8:AC9Y[^8:aQKJA0ACN ACKVU\=QA0{=QA
8T[E]^8:Dc8TPQMQhDQ=QAHP@A 9YAH]6GHAHP@IJPc88MT[^]EM:98mf [^MO;6MO9AHN KJ=QoO8:]>PQA_9EAC]XAC;XIs[^IJPQ8xAHN KS8{MO]E;X80PQA#=QN
{M:[cMOf N~N[t8TKQ9EIs[^=c8:GCI%MOf NKJ85[^]E8:NQ9EIRGHIyMOf N>9EAl]YAy8:KRIJy82?AHKl8mf [^MO;6M9EAlPQAC9EA@GCIR[^8n9YIJN|AH;6IR[EIJ]]^8:PQIJ8:GHIyMOf N~
N KS8:9nGHM:NQPQIJGCIJMON@AH9P@AHK;6AHP@IJMxIRNz[^AH]YAH9}[^AHKJ8:]HhPlMOf NQPQAZKJMO9LAHNQGC=QAHNz[^]YMO9IJNz[EAH]^8m[qMOf ;6IJGCMO9<9EMON DFMGCM
{]EACGH=QACNz[^AH9Z`bP@AHKMO]YPQAHNPQAGCAHNz[^ACNc8:]EAC9LP@A|8 NQ MO9ACNDQ]YMO;6AHPQIRM*AHNBKS8T9]EACoOIJMON@AH9VGHM:NP@AHNQ9YIJPc8:P@AH9
IJNz[EAH]E;6AHP@IS8:9^vphOACKQAHKRAHGC[E]cMOf NU\=QAjApOACN\[E=c8:KR;XACN\[EAlc89EIRPQM<8:9EGCAHNQP@IJPQMn8NQIsOAHKRAH9;6AC[^8:AH9}[t8:aQKRAH9[EIJAHN@A
AHK([^IRAH;6DiMX9E=@QGHIJACNz[^A>Dc8T]^8ZU\=QA>KJ8XIR;XDQ]YMOac8:a@KJAV[^]E8:NQ9EIRGHIyMOf N [EAHNQoz8XKJ=Qoz8T]wAC9EDFMONz[q8:f NQAH8:;6AHNz[^A>GCMON
KS8>AC;XIR9EIyMOf NPQA<=QN#{M:[qMOf N
N KS8:9<{b8:9YAH9>;8:f 9L[EAH;6DQ]^8TNc8:9nPQAHKAH9Y[E=QPQIRMAH9YDiACGC[^]YMO9EG~MOf DQIRGHM0PQACK;6AHPQIRMxIJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]9EAXc8:a~f 8
PQAC9EGH=@aQIJAC]Y[^M?O8xKS8#ApIR9Y[^ACNQGHIJ8xPQAX=QN Dc8:]nPQAZK gf NQAH8:9nAHNACK:AH]EP@A` 1 ? AHN ( $ " g ?
$ " vAC;XIs[^IRPc8:9DFMO]NQACaQ=QKJM:9^8:9-PQIs{=Q9^8:9?>M:[^]E8:9]EACoOIJMON@AH$
I
9 EGFHFt\KQPQAH9YGHMON@MGCIJ;6IJAHNz[EMnIRNQIJGCIS8:KWPQACK
MO]YIJoOACNZPQAwKS8:9-K gf NQAy8T9GCMONQPQ=mdYM>8LKS8<DQ]YMODQ=QAC9Y[t8LPQA5U\=QA9YAw[E]^8T[^8:ac8LP@A5K gf NQAy8T9U\=QA5IJPQACN\[EIRcGH8:ac8:NZ8
=QN0PQAC9EGCMONQMWGHIJP@MAHKJAC;XACNz[^MU\=QA9EAac8:=@[EIJHMGCMO;6M*zwACaQ=QKRIJMOQ57MO9PQAC9^8:]Y]EMOKRKJMO9wDiMO9}[^AC]EIJM:]EAH95PQA
KS8{}gf 9EIJGH8<8T[qMOf ;6IJGH8VDiAC]E;6IR[^IRAH]YMONIJPQACNz[^IRQGy8:]-PQIRGtc8:9-K gf NQAy8:9-GCMON6[E]^8:N@9EIJGCIJMON@AH9-DQ]EM:QIJaQIRPc8:9-AHNXAHKcIyMOf N
7(8:9|NQAHa@=QKJMO9E8:96PQIR{=Q9E8:9|9EMON {=QAHNz[EAH9|[t8:;>a@IpAHf N PQA#=QN GHMONz[^IRN\=QMP@A ]E8:PQIJM@hGCMONQGCAHNz[^]E8:PQMDQ]YIJNu
GHIRDc8:KR;XACN\[EA|AHNKJ8_]YAHoOIyMOf NGCAHNz[^IR;Apf [^]YIJGy8_PQAHK-AC9EDFAHGC[E]EM0]E8:PQIJACKpACf GC[^]YIJGCM` y 8 zv#K
MO]YIJoOACNPQAlAH9EAlGCMONz[^IJN\=QM<KRMVAHNQGCMONz[^]^8T;XMO9ACNXACKcDQ]EMWGHAC9EM<GHM:NQMGCIJPQMVGCMO;6M ! `U\=QA
AHN 0wKJAH;8:f N 9EIJo:NQIRcGH8ZKJIs[^AC]^8:KR;XACN\[EA:hF]^8:P@IS8:GCI%MOf N PQA>{]EACNc8:PQM\vh~GHM:NQ9EIR9Y[^ACNz[^AAHNBKJ8XAH;6IJ9YI%MOf NxPQA>]^8eu
PQIJ8:GHIyMOf NGH=c8TNQPQMZKRMO9jAHKRAHGp[^]EM:NQAH9lKJIRaQ]EAC9jAHN KS8NQAHa@=QKJMO9E8AHNQGC=QAHNz[^]E8:NIRMONQAH9lU\=QAnDiM:]jAC{AHGp[^M6PQAn9E=
IJNz[EAH]^8TGHGHIyMOf N*ACKJAHGp[^]YMO9Y[c8Tf [^IRGy8GCMONzIRAH]}[^AHN#Dc8T]Y[^A5PQAVKS8ACNQAH]Yocgf 8LGHIJNACf [^IRGy8P@AHK~ACKJAHGp[^]QMOf NAHN]E8:PQIS8TGHI%M:f N
AHKRAHGp[^]EM:;Z8:o:NACf [EIJGy8h{]EACNl8:f NQP@MOKJMO96AHNAHK2DQ]EMWGHAC9EMQ KwACKJACGC[^]QMOf N 9Y=@{]EAx8:9ygf DQ=QAC9Z=QNc8[^]^8TNQ9EIRGHI%M:f N
AHNz[E]EA|PQMO9<AH9}[t8:P@MO9<KJIJa@]EAH96` [^]E8:NQ9EIRGHIyMOf N{]EACApu {]YAHAyvp V8:PQM#ACKIJN@QNQIR[EMN=Qf ;XAC]EMPQA|AC9Y[t8TPQMO9<KJIRaQ]EAC9
PQACKACKJACGC[^]QMOf N~hcKJ8:9r[^]E8:NQ9EIRGHIRMONQAH9l9YALDQ]YMP@=QGHACNxGHM:N KJ8|AC;XIR9EIyMOf NPQAn=QN GCMONz[^IRNW=@MXPQAnKJM:NQoOIR[E=QPQAC9jPQA
MONQPQ8@
7(86]E8:PQIJ8:GHIyMOf N#8:9Hgf AC;XIs[^IJPQ8>DQ]EAC9EAHNz[^8Z=QNc8|PQIJ9}[^]YIJaQ=QGCI%MOf N[ygf DQIRGy8PQA<=QNxGC=QAH]YDiMXNQAHo:]EMX86=QNQ8|[EAH;u
DFAH]^8m[^=Q]E8_PQA hKJ8_U\=QA6GHMOIRNQGHIRPQA|Ap@8:Gp[t8:;6AHNz[^AXGHMONKS8[^AC;XDFAH]E8T[^=@]^8#Gy8:KRGH=QKJ8:Pc8DiM:]nMT[^]EM:9
;ACf [^MWPQMO9C9}[t85GH8:]^8T[EAH]Hgf 9Y[EIJGH8wPQAKS8l]^8:PQIJ8:GHIyMOf N~hm9E=>P@IJ9Y[E]EIRaQ=QGHIyMOf NnDQKS8:N@G WIJ8:Nc8l[%gf D@IJGy8lPQA=QN>GH=@AH]EDFM
AHN#ACUW=@IJKJIRaQ]EIRML[EAH]E;6MWPQIJNl8Tf ;XIRGHMQh\c8:GCAVU\=QA<]EAHo:=QKS8:]Y;XACNz[^A9YAVKJKS8T;XAw8AH9Y[EA[^IRDiMPQAVAC;XIR9EIyMOf N*PQAVKJ8
NQACaQ=QKJM:9^8|PQIR{=Q9E8@hqMONz[EIJN\=QM *AHf ]Y;XIRGHM|PQA w8TPQIJMQ
N<]^8:PQIRM:{]EACGH=QACNQGHIJ8:9Hhm8:DQ8:]EACGHAHNV[^8:;>aQIpAHf NVK f NQAy8T9~PQA]EACGHMO;aQIJNc8TGHI%M:f NVaQIJACNVPQACcN@IJPc8:9C7MO9D@]EIJ;6AH]YMO9
DFAHKJPQ8 NQ MO9lU\=QA>ac8edE8XAHKAHKJACGC[E]cMOf NP@AH9EP@A>AHKAHg 9}[t8:PQMZKJIJa@]EAnDQ]EApIRMZc8T9Y[t8XAHKPQA; gf NQIR;Z8ACNQAH]Yocgf 86AHN
AHKiI%MOf NXPQ=Q]E8:Nz[^AACKiDQ]YMGCAH9YMPQA]EACGHMO;aQIJNc8TGHI%M:f N~h\Pc8:NKJ=@oz8:]8KS8nAH;6IJ9YI%MOf NXPQAw{M:[EMONQAC9rPQAac8%dHgf 9EIR;Z8
AHN@AH]EoQgf 8GHMON#{]EACGH=QACNQGHIJ8:9lAHN_KS8ac8:N@Pc8PQA<]^8:PQIRMQ
7(8:9L[E]^8:N@9EIJGCIJMON@AH9U\=QAXPc8:NKR=Qoz8:]L8xAC9Y[^A6[^IRDiM PQAZK gf NQAH8:9L9YA*DQ]YMPQ=@GHAHN DFMO]<[^]E8:NQ9EIRGHIRMONQAH9nAHNz[E]EA
NQIsOAHKRAH9jOACGHIRNQMO9lGHMON @
7(8#{]YAHGC=QAHNQGCIS8_PQAX=@Nc8_K gf NQAH8AH;6IR[^IRPc8*DFMO]V[^]^8TNQ9EIRGHI%M:f NACNz[^]EA6AHK-AC9Y[t8TPQM ( / ?BACKAH9}[t8:PQM
AH9}[q8|f Pc8:Pc8|DFMO]Hh
/
(
` ( / v
VX
$
"!
e
"! # !$ %& (')
!+*,! -
! *
MONQP@A
AH9nKS8GHM:NQ9Y[^8:Nz[^AZP@A j?WPQaFAH]Eox8:9E=@;XIRAHNQPQM_PQAC9EDQ]YAHGHIJ8:aQKRAXKJ8#;X8:9E8#P@AHK-AHKRAHGC[E]cMOf N]EAu
9EDFAHGp[^MP@AKJ82PQACK\N=Qf GHKRAHMl? . rAC9KS8lGy8T]Eoz8lAC{ACGC[^IsT8wU\=QATOAHwAHK\AHKRAHGp[^]cM:f N~NACKGH8:9EMwPQAHK\IyMOf N
PQhA E2IJPQ]QMOf oOAHN@MQh ( ?*AH928:D@]EMyIJ;X8:Pc8:;6AHNz[^A Dc8:]^8>KRMO9rPQAC; 8Tf 9_8Tf [^MO;6MO9rU\=QAVQ8:N#DiAC]EPQIRPQM
9cM:f KJM>=QN#ACKJAHGp[^]QMOf N~h@]E8:M:f N_DFMO]rKJ8GH=Q8:KKJ8:9{]EACGH=QACNQGHIJ8:9jPQAVKJ8:9K gf NQAH8:9PQAV]YAHGCMO;>aQIRNc8:GHIyMOf N*ACN_]E8:PQIRM
AH;6IR[EIJPc8T9wDFMO]PQIsOAC]E9^8T9VAH9EDFAHGCIJAC9L8m[qMOf ;6IJGH8:9w9YMONB;>=@? GHAC]EGy8TNc8:9?08Z:AHGCAH9<IJNQP@IJ9Y[EIJNQo:=QIJaQKRAH9C059Hgf
DFMO]wA dYAH;6DQKJMXKS86K gf N@Ay8|DQ]EMWPQ=QGCIJPc86DiMO]w=QNc8X[E]^8:N@9EIJGCI%MOf N_AHNz[E]EA>ACKNQIsOAHK O |?_AHKN@IROACK @hFAHNACK
I%M:f 'N [^IRAHNQA=@Nc8>{]EAHGC=QAHN@GHIS8PQA )t E2X`b9EAVKJ8PQACNQM:[t8GCMO;XMKJ8K gf NQAy8 vphQ;6IJACNz[^]^8T9
U\=QA5KJ8n;6IJ9Y;Z8K gf NQAH8nAC;XIs[^IRPc8DiM:]]YAHGHM:;>aQIJNQ8:GHIyMOf N|AHNZACKiIyMOf N #[EIJACNQAw=@Nc8n{]YAHGH=@AHNQGCIS8LP@A O
t E2:
#! " r / s 3Cz/0>
.wNQ82aQ=@AHNc8lDc8:]}[^A-PQAHK E2IJPQ]QMOf oOACNQMlIJNz[^AC]EAH9}[^ACKS8:]ChTACKzUW=@ANQMl9YAACNQGH=QACNz[^]^82IJMON@IJy8TPQMjAHNLKS8:9GH8:KJIRAHNz[^AC9
]EACoOIJM:NQAH9:AHGCIJNc8:9l8LKS8:9rAC9Y[E]EAHKRKS8:9Ch@c8TGHADc8T]Y[^A5PQAVKS8:9GHMON@MGCIJPc8:9GHMO;6M]EACoOIJM:NQAH9 EGFtc7(8;X8T[^AC]EIJ8
AHNAH9Y[^8:9*]YAHKS8m[^IRT8:;6AHNz[EA#[E]^8:N@UW=@IJKS8T9X]YAHoOIRMONQAH9XPQAHK2;6AHPQIRMIJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]Z8:DQ8:]EACGHA]YAHoO=QKJ8:]E;6AHNz[EA
GHM:NQGHACN\[E]^8:PQ86{MO]Y;Z8:N@PQMPQMO9j[^IRDiM:9jPQA<AH9Y[E]E=QGp[^=Q]EJ8 K7(8:9jN\=QaFAH92PQIR{=@9^8:9j?KJ8:9jN\=QaiAC9wP@AHNQ9E8:9H
=Q9D@]EIJN@GHIJDQ8:KJAC9LPQIs{AH]YAHNQGCIS8:9L]^8:PQIRGy8:NGHMO;6MAH9ADQK gf GHIR[EMxACN 9E=Q9NQM:;>aQ]EAC9>AHN 9Y=[^]E8:NQ9EDQ8:]EACNu
GHIJ88TKlWIR9EIJa@KJA:hDQ]EM:DQIJACPc8:PU\=QAx89Y=OACAH9}[q8f PQAC[EAH]E;6IJNQ8:Pc8BDiMO]69E=@9ZPQIs{AH]EACNz[^AH9XPQAHN@9EIJPQ8:PQAH9Ch
GHM:;XDFMO9EIRGHIyMOf NU\=gf ;6IJGH8L?GHM:N\[EAHNQIRPQM6PQA<DiMOKsOMQ
7(8:9jN\=QaFAH92PQIR{=Q9E8:9j9EM:N =QNQ8|{b8:9YAVPQA<KS8:9j]YAHoOIRMONQAC95EGFDQ]EIRNQGHIRDQKS8:;6AHNz[EAGy8:]E8:GC[EAH]YIJy8TPc8DiMO]r[EAHNQAC]
ac8edE8T9P@AHNQ9YIJPc8:P@AH9PQAoO8:9?VDiM:KROM@9}[t8wGCMONQPQIRGHIyMOf N<PQAC[EAH]E;6IJNQ8lU\=QAThTGCMONz[^]E8:]EIRMw8lKS8r{b8:9YA-MODQ=QAC9Y[t8h
KS8T9N\=QaFAH9rPQACNQ9^8T9Hhc9EAH8:N]EACoOIJM:NQAH9;>=@?|[^]E8:NQ9EDQ8:]EACN\[EAH9jPQACK;6AHPQIRMIRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]Hb 0 DiAC9^8:]rP@A5U\=QA
8|9E=#[^]^8yAHf 92KS8>]E8:PQIJ8:GHIyMOf NDQ=QACPQALD@]EMODc8Toz8:]E9YA<GHMON 8:KJo:=QNc8>{b8:GHIRKJIRPc8:P~h\[^]E8:NQ9YQ]EIJACNQPQM6AHNQAC]EoQgf 8|86KJ8
;X8T[^AC]EIS8U\=QAXKS8:9<GHM:NQ9Y[EIR[^=?OA|?ACKJAp:8TNQPQM_9E=[EAH;6DiAC]^8T[E=Q]^8@h(KJ8_IRN\[EAHNQ9YIJPc8TPPQAXPQIJGtQ8_]E8:PQIS8TGHI%M:f N
NQMLAH99E=@cGCIJACN\[EA5Dc8T]^8LIRMONQIRy8:]KJ8<;X8T[EAH]EIJ8@hzDFAH]EMLAH9Gy8:DQ8:wP@A5IJ;6DQ]YIJ;6IJ]]EAH9}[^]YIJGHGCIJMON@AH98:KqDQ]EMWGHAC9EM
PQA{M:]E;X8:GHIyMOf NxPQA;XMOKpAHf GC=QKS8:92;>=@? GHM:;XDQKRAdE8:9ChiD@]EMWGHAH9YM#UW=@A:h~GCMO;XMXOAH]YAH;6MO9HhAH9VGHM:; =Qf N AHN0KS8T9
N\=QaFAH92PQAHNQ9E8:9H
7(8:95N\=QaFAH95PQIR{=Q9E8:9Hhi8X:AHGHAC9VPQA;=@?_oO]^8:N@PQAH9P@IJ;6AHNQ9YIJMONQAC9HhqKJKRAHNc8TNx=QNc8XaQ=QAHNQ8ZDc8:]}[^AP@AHK(OMOK u
=Q;6AHN#IJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]rAHN#N\=QAH9}[^]E86oz8TKS8mIS8KJKJ8:99YMON#=QNc8:9jPQAVKJ8:9r]YAH9EDFMONQ9E8:aQKRAH9lPQAHKi{AHNlMOf ;6AHN@MPQA
ApW[EIJNQGCI%MOf N*?XAHNQ]YMmdYAHGCIJ;6IJACN\[EM>PQAVKJ8KJ=Q5AH9Y[EAHKJ8:]j8:9Hgf GHM:;XMPQA5KS8:9rDFAHGC=QKJIJ8:]EAC9K gf NQAH8:9PQA<8TaQ9EMO]YGHIyMOf N
U\=QAL8:Dc8:]YAHGHACN ACN KRMO9jAH9YDiACGC[E]EMO92AH9}[^AHKJ8:]EAC9l;XACNQGHIRMONc8:Pc8T9jAHN_AHKGy8TDgf [E=QKJM
AH9YGH]YIJaQIR]EAH;6MO9j8>GCMONz[^IRNW=Q8:GHIyMOf NKS8>;X8:NQAC]^8>GHM:;XM9YAVDQ]EMWPQ=QGCAHN_AH9Y[EMO9r{AHNjMOf ;XACNQMO9jACN_ACK9EACNQM|PQA
AH9}[t8:9lN\=QaFAH928:9Hgf GHMO;6MAHK;XMWPQM>ACN_U\=QA<9Y= AC9Y[^=@PQIJMNQM:9jDQ]EM%OACALP@AVIJN@{MO]Y;Z8TGHI%M:f NZGHKJ8yOA:h@]EAHKJ8T[^IsT8
8KS8:9jGCMONQPQIRGHIRMONQAH9lPQA<KJ8>;Z8T[EAH]YIS8>AHN_AHK;6AHP@IJMIJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]H
!
'!%9,.'+
#&
/ %
%925#
4.,.'!6
')4
%
4
9(
)*-2
%
/8T]^8jGH=c8TN\[EIRcGH8:]KJM:9AC{AHGp[^MO9(PQAAW[^IJN@GHI%M:f N<?5AHNQ]YMmdYAHGCIJ;6IJACN\[EMjPQA-KS8rKR=QAH9}[^ACKS8:]ChTDFMP@AH;6MO9~AH9YGH]YIJaQIR]
KS8>9YIJoO=@IJAHNz[EAn]YAHKJ8:GHIyMOf NAHNz[^]YA<KS8;Z8ToONQIR[E=QPMOaQ9YAH]}:8TPc8|?*AH9EDFAH]E8:Pc8|PQA<=QNc8|AH9}[^]EACKJKJ8@h
VX
' Z
!
("
! ( ! (
(
&
(
"! # !$ %& (')
!+*,! -
! *
A5AC9Y[^8L{MO]E;X8<DiMWPQAH;6MO9]EAHAC9EGC]EIJa@IJ]KS8LD@]EM:{=QN@PQIJPc8TP MOf D@[EIJGH8LPQAKJ8nN\=QaFAACN=QNQMO9[AHf ]Y;XIRNQMO9; 8Tf 9
8:PQACGH=c8TPQMO9Hh
&
=
(
:=
VX
' Z
!
("
7(8V8:Nz[^AC]EIJM:]PQACDiACNQPQAHN@GHIS8VPQA GCMONKS85KRMONQoOIs[^=QPLPQArMON@Pc8c89EIRPQMMOa@9EAH]}T8:GHIRMONc8:KR;XACN\[EArGHM:]E]EM:aiMTu
]^8TPc8@h:KRMlUW=@ArNQMO9DiAC]E;6IR[EAGCMONQGCKJ=QIR]U\=QAKJMO9({AHNjMOf ;XACNQMO9AH9}[^=QPQIJ8:PQMO9Ch:A[EIJNQGCI%MOf Nn?<AHNQ]YMmdYAHGCIJ;6IJACN\[EM
PQA<KS8>KR=Q<AH9}[^AHKJ8:]Hh@9EMON_DQ]EMWPQ=QGCIJPQM:92DFMO]jPQIR9EDFAH]Y9EI%M:f N_P@pA t_IJAVAHN_AHKDFMOKsOM|IJNz[^AC]EAC9Y[^ACKS8:]C
25#
')4
*4
'
'
*
4
*
7
'
*
$
"! # !$ %& (')
!+*,! -
! *
N=QNQ8x8:DQ]YMy@IR;Z8TGHI%M:f N0;XA dYMO]<PQAHaFAHNGHMONQ9YIJPQAC]^8:]Y9EAXAC{AHGp[^MO9nPQAX9EAHo:=QNQPQM MO]EPQACNU\=QA|[^IRAHNQA6DiM:]
AdYAC;XD@KJM|AHN_GH=QACNz[t8XACKQAHGt@MZPQAnU\=QA<AHK(AHKRAHGC[E]cMOf N`UW=@AL9YALGCMO;XDFMO]}[t8>GHM:;XM|=QN DiACUW=@A NQ M6PQIJDFMOKJM
;X8:oONApf [^IJGCM\vnAC9|9EAHN@9EIJa@KJA#8KS8D@]EAH9YAHNQGCIS8BPQAGy8T;XDFMO9>;X8:oONApf [^IRGHMO9>ACNAHKjAH9YDc8:GCIJM0AHN AHKUW=@A_9YA
;>=QApOAT--KFDQ]YIJ;6AH]EM<PQAwAHKRKJMO9[EIJAHN@AwMO]YIJoOACNXACNZACKi;6M%IR;XIRAHNz[^MVGCIJ]YGH=QKJ8:]-UW=@A5]EAC9EDFAHGp[^M8:KqACKJAHGp[^]QMOf N
DQ]YAH9EACNz[t8LACKqN=Qf GHKRAHMQ IJGtQM<N5=Qf GCKJAHM<IRNQPQ=QGCA2ACNZACKc]EAC{AC]EACNQGHIJ8:KcPQAHKqACKJAHGp[^]QMOf NX=@NXGH8:;XDFM<;Z8ToONACf [EIJGCM
U\=QAnIJNz[^AC]^8:Gp[~=cf 8>GHM:N ACKAH9ED~gf N`b;6MO;XACNz[^M|PQIJDFMOKJ8:];X8:oONApf [^IRGHMIJNz[E]ygf N@9EAHGCM\vrPQAHK;6IJ9Y;XM@7(8|;X8:oTu
NQIs[^=QPBPQA6PQIJGtQ8#IRNz[^AH]E8:GHGCI%MOf NBPQACDiACNQPQA6PQA69E=;XMO;6AHNz[EM 8TNQoO=QKJ8:]MO]YaQIR[^8:K ) .2N[^8:KAp{AHGC[EM [EIJAHN@A
GHM:;XM*]YAH9Y=QKR[^8:PQM#AHKRIJ;6IJNc8:]lKJ8ZPQAHo:AHNQAC]^8:GCI%MOf N0PQAKRMO9AC9Y[t8TPQMO9VU\=QA[^ACNQIJACNQPQMAHK;XIR9E;6M DFMO9EACAHN
PQIR9Y[^IRNz[^MO92:8TKJMO]YAH92PQA VN[ACf ]E;6IJNQMO92AH9YDiACGC[E]^8:KRAH9HhAH9Y[EA>{AHNlM:f ;XACNQM*GHM:NQPQ=QGCA8ZKS8Z8:Dc8:]YIJGHIyMOf N_PQA
KJMU\=QAn9EA<GCMONQMWGHA<GHMO;6M|KS8>AC9Y[^]Y=QGC[E=Q]^8|cNc8|PQA<KS8:9jK gf NQAH8:9rAC9EDFAHGC[E]^8:KRAH92PQAH-K E2IJPQ]QMOf oOACNQMQ
K\N=Qf GHKRAHM2;XIR9E;6Mj9EAGCMO;6DiMO]}[t8r[t8T;>aQIpACf NLGCMO;6Mw=QNLDiACU\=QA NQ MwIJ;8:f NX`[^IRAHNQA8:9YMGCIS8:PQM2=QNL;XMO;6AHNz[EM
PQIRDiMOKJ8:](;Z8ToONACf [EIJGCM5IJNz[E]ygf N@9EAHGCM5MAC9ED~gf NqvpK@AHKRAHGp[^]cM:f N>DQ=QACPQArIJNz[EAH]^8TGC[^=Q8:][^8:;>aQIpAHf NGCMONAHKWGy8T;XDFM
;X8:oONApf [^IJGCM#DQ]EMWPQ=QGCIJPQM#DFMO]<AHK-N=Qf GHKRAHM?0ACKJIJ;6IJNQ8:]5KJ8#P@AHoOACNQAH]E8:KJIyMOf NBAHNMT[^]EM_N5=Qf ;6AH]YMGH=l8:f Nz[EIJGHM@
NXAC9Y[^8L9EIs[^=c8TGHI%M:f NDiMWPQAH;6MO9-PQACGHIJ]U\=QA2KS8VACNQAH]Yocgf 8[^MT[t8:KQP@AHKqAHKRAHGC[E]cMOf N?O8LNQM<AH99cM:f KJM<PQAHa@IJPc8<8<9E=
IJNz[EAH]^8TGHGHIyMOf NXMO=QKRMO;>aQIJ8:Nc8w?KJ8VIJNz[^AC]^8:GCGHI%M:f NGHMON6AHKcGH8:;XDFM<;Z8ToONACf [EIJGCM<8:9EMWGHIJ8:PQM<8:Kc;6M%IR;XIRAHNz[^M
MO]YaQIR[^8:K hW9EIRNQMU\=QAn8:PQAH;8:f 9r=@Nc8DiACUW=@A Nc 8AHNQAC]EoQgf 88:PQIRGHIJM:Nc8:KFPQAHaFAV9EAC]2IRNz[^]EMWPQ=QGCIJPc8n[^AHN@IJAHN@PQM|AHN
GH=@AHNz[t86KS8>IJNz[EAH]^8TGHGHIyMOf N#GHMON_AHK;6MO;6AHNz[^MP@IJDFMOKS8:];Z8ToONACf [EIJGCMPQAHK(N5=Qf GCKJAHM@h@Pc8:PQ86DFMO]Hh
& & (
/
MTf [^AH9YA>U\=QAGH=Q8:NQPQM*KRMO95AC9EDQIRNQAH959EMONB8:Nz[EIJDc8:]E8:KJACKJMO9L`9E=QDFMONQoz8T;XMO9wAHNACKAC9Y[t8TPQMGy8:]E8:GC[EAH]YIJy8TPQM
DFMO]$!'& ( ( vZKS8IJNz[EAH]^8TGHGHIyMOf N AH9YDgf N AHKRAHGp[^]cM:f NQIJGCMTu AC9EDgf N N=Qf GHKRAy8:]]YAHPQ=QGCA8:KJoOM KJ8AHNQAC]EoQgf 8
AHN@AH]EoQgf 8X[EM:[t8:KPQAHKAHKRAHGC[E]cMOf N ` ( ( & / # ( & / &}vph;XIRAHNz[^]E8:95U\=QAGC=c8:NQPQM9YMON0Dc8:]E8:KJACKJMO9
` !'& 9 vph & &rAH9wDiMO9YIR[EIRT8|?#KJ86ACNQAH]Yocf 8|[^M:[^8:K(PQAHKAHKRAHGp[^]cM:f NxAH9w;Z8y?:MO]H AnAH9}[^A>;6MP@MXKJ8
AHN@AH]EoQ( gf 8* PQAPQM:9VAH9Y/[^8:PQMO9VGCMONBPQIJ9}[^IRN\[EM*N5=Qf ;6AHg ]YMGH=l8:f Nz[EIJGHMP@AAH9ED~gf NBAH9VKRACOAC;XACNz[^APQIR9Y[^IRNz[t8Z?9YA
AHKRIJ;6IJNc8nDiM:]l[^8:Nz[^M|KS8>P@AHoOACNQAH]E8:GHIyMOf N ACN P@IJGtQM6N=Qf ;6AH]EMGC=l8:f Nz[^IRGHMQ
N*KS8T9GHM:NQPQIJGCIJMON@AH9PQAHKi;XACPQIJMnIJNz[^AC]EAC9Y[^ACKS8:]KS8n;Z8y?OM:]Dc8:]}[^AwPQAHKFQIJP@]cMOf oOACNQM9YAAHN@GH=QACN\[E]^8>ACN9E=
AH9}[t8:P@Mac8:9EA` ( ( !$# ( !'& (( 9 vp578T95GHM:KJIJ9YIJMON@AH92GHMON0M:[E]EMO98Tf [^M:;XMO9Ch86OAHGCAH9
;>=@?#]E8:]^8T9HhQ[^IRAHNQACN KJ86GH8:Dc8:GCIJPc8TP PQAn8:9YGHACNQPQAH]wAHK(AHKRAHGp[^]cM:f Nx8|NQIR:AHKRAH92ApGHIs[t8:PQM:9wDFMO]lAHNQGCIJ;X8PQA
PQIRGtQM*AH9}[t8:P@MQ<N0=QNc8*PQA>AC9^8:9VGCMOKJIR9EIRMONQAH92AHKAHKRAHGC[E]cMOf NxDQ=QAHP@A9EAH]8:9EGCAHNQPQIRPQM#8:KDQ]EIR;XAC]2? ; 8Tf 9
GHAC]EGH8:NQMxN@IROACK-ApGHIs[t8:PQM` ( ( !$# (
!'& ( vhACNACK-UW=@AX[^MWPQMO9<KRMO9VN=Qf ;6AH]EM:9
GH=j8:f Nz[^IJGCMO9r9YA;Z8TN\[EIJACNQAHN*IRNz:8T]EIS8TaQKJAC9DFAH]YM>KS8nPQIJ]YAHGHGCI%MOf NZPQA9E=AC9ED~gf N9EAIRNzIRAH]}[^A:
=Af 9Y=QGHACPQA
AHNz[EMONQGHAC9 OM:;XMXAH95P@AAH9YDiAC]^8:]Y9EA>ACKACKJACGC[^]QMOf NPQACaiALaQ=Q9YGy8:]ACKAC9Y[^8:PQM*PQAL; gf NQIJ;X8>AHN@AH]EoQgf 86?
]EACoO]EAC9^8:]8:KAC9Y[^8:PQMac8T9EArPQACK@U\=QArDQ8:]Y[EI%Mf IJNLAH;>aQ8:]EoOM5=QNc8w[^8:KW[E]^8:N@9EIJGCI%MOf NLAH9}[q85f ACN=QNc85DQ]YIJ;6AH]E8
8:DQ]YMy@IR;Z8TGHI%M:f N>DQ]EM:QIJaQIRPc8DFMO]EU\=QAjNQM<IRN\:MOKJ=@GH]^8V=QN|GH8:;>aQIRMVAHN6AHKQ;6MO;6AHNz[^M<8:N@oO=QKS8T]MO]Ea@IR[t8TK@PQACK
AHKRAHGp[^]cM:f N~hT=@Nc8wGCMONQPQIRGHI%M:f NnAIJoOIRPc8jAHNAC9Y[^858:DQ]YMy@IR;Z8TGHI%M:f N~(N=QNc8w8:DQ]YM%IR;Z8:GCI%MOf NV;X8y?OMO](KJ8j[E]^8:NWu
9EIRGHIyMOf NXAC9DFAH]Y;XIs[^IJPQ8<DFAH]YM>8:Ks[t8:;6AHNz[EA2IR;XD@]EMOac8TaQKJAr?|cNc8TKJ;6AHNz[^A2AHKqAHKRAHGp[^]cM:f N*DQ=QACPQA5DFAH]Y;Z8:N@AHGHAC]
DFMO]wKJ8:]Eo:MO9lDiAC]ygf MWPQMO92PQAn[^IJAC;XDFM6AHNAC9EA>AC9Y[t8TPQM*;6AC[t8TAH9Y[^8:aQKRALc8T9Y[t86U\=QA>AC:AHNz[^=Q8:KJ;6AHNz[^ALPQAHGH8:A
AH9YDiM:N\[c8:f NQAH8:;XACNz[^AnAH;6IR[^IRAHNQP@M=QN_{MT[qMOf N#GHM:N ACNQAH]Yocgf 8@h
?GCMON =@Nc86KRMONQoOIs[^=QPZPQA<MONQPc8|PQA:h
& &
/
V
' Z
!
"! '
y GH;
N*AHKFKS8TaiMO]E8T[^M:]EIJM@hOKS8:9GHM:NQPQIJGCIJMON@AH9PQA5PQACNQ9EIRPc8:P*9YMONZ[^8:KJAC9U\=QA8T=QNQU\=QAACKiAC9Y[t8TPQM>;6AC[t8TAH9Y[^8:aQKRA
GHIs[t8:P@ML9YAy8LDFMOaQKJ8:PQM<oO]E8:NQPQAC;XACN\[EA:hWKS8:9-;6IJ9Y;Z8:9GCMOKJIR9EIRMONQAH9GCMON 8mf [^MO;6MO9OACGHIRNQMO9V`;>=@?|GCMO;>=QNQAC9
AHN_AH9}[t8:9lGCMONQPQIRGHIJM:NQAH9^vDQ=QAHP@AHN_Gy8:=Q9E8:]lKS8>PQAC9EA@GCIR[^8:GHIyMOf N#9EIJN#U\=QAnc8y?z8AH;6IJ9YI%MOf NAC9EDFMONz[q8:f N@Ay8|PQA
KS8>K gf NQAH8>;XACNQGHIRMONc8:PQ8@
059Hg f DQ=@AH9KS82IJ;6DiM:]Y[t8TN\[yg f 9YIJ;X8rK g f N@Ay8wP@ArKJMO9 GC;AC;XIs[^IRPc82DFMO]AHK@@IJPQ]QMOf oOAHN@MNQAH=[^]EMVACN>KS8T9N\=QaFAH9
PQIs{=Q9^8:9AC9-DQ]EMWPQ=QGCIJPQM<DFMO]=QNc8V[^]E8:NQ9YIJGHIyMOf N>DQ]YMOQIRaQIJPc8hOGHMO;6M<KJMAC]^8:N6KS8T9?z8<;XACNQGHIRMONc8:PQ8:9K gf NQAy8:9
NQACaQ=QKS8T]EAH9lAC;XIs[^IJPQ8:9rDFMO]jAHKIyMOf N
NKS8j[^AC]EGHAC]^8Dc8T]Y[^AAH9}[^=QPQIJ8:]EAC;XM:9;X8:NQAH]E8wGCMO;XM5AH9=[^IJKRIJH8:Pc8lKS8wM:aQ9EAC]YT8:GHIyMOf N>PQAKS82K gf N@Ay8wACN>KJM:9
GH; Dc8:]E8LPQAC9EGH=@aQ]EIR]KS8<PQIR9Y[^]YIJaQ=@GHI%M:f NXoOACNQAH]E8:KFPQA5KJ8n;X8T[^AC]EIJ8nIRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]ACNZN\=QAC9Y[^]E8|n8TKS8mIS8
8:9Hgf GHMO;6M|Dc8:]^8AC9Y[^=@PQIS8:]jACKGHMO;6DFMO]Y[^8:;XIRAHNz[^MPQIJNl8Tf ;XIRGHMPQA<KS8>;6IJ9Y;Z8?*PQA<M:[^]E8:9joz8:KJ8mIS8:9C
0 DFAH9E8:]PQA>N@M9EAH]5=QN0DQ]EMWGHAC9EM#PQIR]EAHGp[t8:;6AHNz[EA8:9EMWGHIJ8:PQMXGHMON0KJ8ZAH;6IJ9YI%MOf N PQA>]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf N DiM:]5KS8T9
N\=QaFAH9VPQIs{=Q9^8:9ChKJ8ZPQIJ9YDiAC]E9YI%MOf NP@A>KS86KJ=Q>P@A>AH9}[^]EACKJKJ8:9w:AHGHIRNc8:9DFMO]wDc8:]Y[EA>PQACKDFMOKR:M*AHNB8:KRoO=QNc8T9
N\=QaFAH9>PQAXAH9}[^AZ[EIJDFM Pc8TNKJ=QoO8:]n8 KS8 8:Dc8:]YIJGCI%MOf NBPQAXDc8:]Y[ygf GC=QKS8:]YAH9nAH9}[^]E=@GC[^=@]^8:9>GCMONQMWGHIRPc8:9nGHMO;6M
NQACaQ=QKJM:9^8:9VPQA|]YACkcA@IyMOf N~7(8*DQ]YIJNQGCIJDc8TKGy8T]^8:Gp[^AH]Hgf 9}[^IJGH8*U\=QA|KS8:9P@IJ9Y[EIJNQo:=QAPQAKS8T9PQAHN@MO;XIRNc8:Pc8T9
wACaQ=QKRMO9^8:9nPQA6AH;6IJ9YI%MOf N ` 2AHaQ=@KJMO9E8:9LP@IR{=Q9E8:9HhNQAHa@=QKJMO9E8:9nDQKS8:N@AC[t8T]EIS8T9?B]EAH;X8:NQACNz[^AH9nPQA69E=QDFAH]u
NQM%T8zvr]^8:P@IJGy8ACNxAHK@AHGtQMXPQALU\=QAn9E=_AH9YDiACGC[E]EMZAC9wGCMONz[^IRNW=@M6?#NQM|DQ]YAH9YAHNz[t8@hFGHM:;XM|KS8T90=@f KR[^IR;Z8T9Hh
K gf NQAy8T9PQAAC;XIR9EIyMOf N~9}[t8>Gy8T]^8:Gp[^AH]Hgf 9}[^IJGH8NQMO9DiAC]E;6IR[^AwAH9}[t8:aQKRAHGCAH]jU\=QAKJ8]^8:P@IS8:GCI%MOf NXDQ]EM%OACNQIJACNz[^A
PQAAC9Y[t8T9NQAHaQ=@KJMO9E8:9AH9ACKr]EAC9E=QKs[t8:PQM0P@A*KS8PQIR9EDFAH]Y9EI%M:f NPQAKS8 KJ=Q*P@AAH9Y[E]EACKJKS8T9>GHAC]EGy8TNc8:9AHNACK
DFMOKR:M6U\=QAnKS8T9rGHMON@9Y[^Is[^=@?:A:7(8:9lGy8:]E8:GC[EAH]Hgf 9Y[EIJGy8T9jPQA<PQIJGtQM6DQ]YMGCAH9EM6PQIR9EDFAH]E9YIR:MQhcPQAH9YGH]YIR[t8T92DFMO]jACK
;6MPQACKJMVPQAGt IRA:h\ApDQKRIJGH8:N68:PQAH;8:f 9-KS8]E8:M:f NXDFMO]KS8VGC=c8:KcAH9}[^Al[^IRDiMVPQA2NQACaQ=QKJM:9^8:9-DQ]YAH9EACNz[t8:NX=QNc8
GHM:KJMO]E8:GHIyMOf NXDQ8:]Y[yf GH=@KS8:]Y;XACN\[EA28:H=QKJ8:Pcd8 K-78n]^8:P@IS8:GCI%MOf N6PQAH9YPQAACKJKS8T9AC;XIs[^IJPQ8nNQMLAH9rMT[^]^8nGHMO9E8U\=QA
[^MWPc8KJ8]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOfg N6U\=QAVAH9ACcGCIJAHNz[EAH;6AHNz[^A<PQIR9EDFAH]E9E8:Pc8ACN#PQIJ]YAHGHGCIJMON@AH9P@IJ9Y[EIJNz[t8T9rPQAKJ8LPQIR]EAHGCGHIyMOf N
MO]YIJoOIRNc8:KQPQA5DQ]EMODQ8:oz8:GCI%MOf N @DFAH]YMLWIJ;6MO9UW=@A9cMOf KRMLKJ8LKR=QwGCMON*KRMONQoOIs[^=QPQAC9P@A5MONQPQ8L;>=@?6GCMO]Y[^8`bKJ8
GHM:;XDFMONQACN\[EA28:H=QKcP@AHKQWIJ9YIJaQKRA%vAC9ApcGHIRAHNz[^AC;XACN\[EAwP@IJ9EDFAH]Y9^8:PQ8<;6IJACNz[^]^8T9KS8U\=QAl[^IJACNQAjKJM:NQoOIR[E=QPQAC9
PQAnMONQPc86;Z8y?:MO]w9YALD@]EMODc8Toz86GH8:9EI KRIJaQ]YAH;6AHNz[^A<9YIJNx9YAH]w8T{AHGp[t8:PQ8XDFMO]lAHKDiMOKsOMQK]YAH9Y=QKR[^8:PQMZAC9
U\=QA|GH=c8TNQPQM_9EA|;XIR]^8ZP@AH9EP@A6=@NGCMO9Y[^8:PQM#KS8*KR=QPQIJ9YDiAC]E9E8:Pc8DiM:]VKS8*N\=QaFA6AC9Y[^8:]c8f AH;6DFMOaQ]EACGHIRPc8
AHNXO]EMedYMOL?68:DQ8:]EACGHAH]E8;8:f 98:H=QKqPQAwKJMnU\=QA5MO]YIJoOIRNc8:KR;XACN\[EArAH]E8LKJ8nKR=QlPQA5KJ8<AC9Y[E]EAHKRKS8@ .wNZAp{AHGp[^M
9EIR;XIRKS8:]2ApDQKRIJGH8Z[t8:;>a@IpAHf N0=@NB{ACNlMOf ;6AHNQM[^8:N0PQIJ9}[^IRN\[EMGHMO;6MAHKGCMOKJM:]8:C=QKPQAHKGHIJACKJMPQIR=Q]EN@MAHN
KS8 jIRAH]Y]^8@
!#" r / s.V'0>
8:;>aQIpAHf NBKJKJ8:;Z8TPc8:92NW=@aiAC9L;6MOKJACGH=QKJ8:]EAC9Hh~KJ8:9N\=QaFAH9nPQAHN@9^8:9<9EM:NGCMONB;>=QGtQM_KS8:95]EAHo:IJMONQAC9V; 8Tf 9
PQACNQ9^8:9V? {]ygf 8T95PQACK;XACPQIJM*IRNz[^AH]YAH9}[^AHKJ8:]HMONB=QN8:Ks[^M*GCMONz[^AHN@IJPQMPQADFMOKsOM9E=BMODQ8:GHIRPc8:P0AHNBACK
WIJ9YIJaQKRAAH9<; 8ef @IR;Z8h~]^8:~MOf NDiMO]VKJ8GH=c8:K9YA|KS8:9<DQ=QACPQA6PQ9EIs[^IJN@oO=QIJ]58#:AHGCAH9;8:f 9{T8:f GCIJKR;XACN\[EA>U\=QA
KS8XM:[^]E8ZGHMO;6DFMONQAHNz[EA>PQA>KJ8:9]EACoOIJM:NQAH
9 EGFth~KJ8:95N\=QaFAH9VPQIs{=Q9^8T9Hh~GCMO;XMX:8TGOgf M:95AHN0KJ8ZPQIR9Y[^]YIJaQ=@GHI%M:f N
PQAXAH9Y[E]EACKJKS8T9LACN 8:KJo:=QNc8:9n]EACoOIJMON@AH9P@AZKS8 >gf 8x7n8:f Gp[^Ay8` VKJMOa@=QKJMO9<PQA M BMxN\=QaFAH9MO9EGC=Q]^8:9PQA
r8:]YNc8:]YPqvphWMn{M:]E;X8:NQPQMnGy8:D@]EIJGt@MO9^8:9coO=Q]E8:9UW=@A59EAwDQ]EM%?:AHGC[^8:N*GCMONz[^]^8nKS8:9aQ]YIJKJKJ8:Nz[^AC9NQAHaQ=@KJMO9E8:9
PQIs{=Q9^8:9lGCMON#KS8:9jU\=QAn;>=QGtc8T9l:AHGCAH959YA<KS8:9jACNQGH=QACNz[^]^86AHN 8:9EMWGHIJ8:GHIyMOf N`:AH]lcoO=Q]E8 @ vp
(
9I
KDFMOKsOMZU\=QAAHN0AHKRKS8:9l]YAH9EIRPQA>8TGC[=cf 86GHMO;6MZGCMO]^8Ty8ZDQ]YM:[^ACGC[EMO]^8ZGCMONz[^]E8ZKS8|AHNQAC]EoApf [^IRGy8Z]E8:PQIS8TGHI%M:f N
=QKs[^]^8yWIJM:KJAC[^85DQ]YMe:AHNQIRAHNz[^AwPQAlAH9}[^]EACKJKJ8:9Hh\8OACGHAC9;>=@?>GHAH]YGy8:NQ8:9Hh\{b8:GHIRKJIs[t8:NQP@MKS8V8:DQ8:]EIRGHI%M:f NPQAl=QNc8
8OAHGCAH9>GCMO;6DQKJA dE8_U\=gf ;XIRGy8AHN9E=IRNz[^AH]YIJMO]C10 DFAH9^8T]LPQA69EAC]MODQ8:Gy8:9L8#KS8#]^8:PQIJ8:GHIyMOf N0WIJ9EIRaQKJA>?
=QKs[^]^8yWIJM:KJAC[^8jKS8w]E8:PQIJ8:GHIyMOf NLAC;XIs[^IRPc8jAHN>KJ8wac8:N@Pc85PQA]^8:PQIRMwDFMO]KS8:9;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8:9(AHNKS8lN\=QaFArKS828:ac8:NWu
PQMONQ8Z{T8:f GHIRKJ;6AHNz[^A<[^]E8%?ACf NQPQMONQM:9nIRN@{MO]Y;Z8:GCI%MOf N_9EM:aQ]EA9Y=Q9VGHMON@PQIJGCIJMONQAC9IJNz[EAH]EIRMO]EAC9w? GHMO;6DFMO9EIRGHI%M:f N
U\=gf ;6IJGH8@
KAp{AHGp[^M08:IR9EKJ8:Nz[^A|PQAHKDFMOKR:M_{]YAHNz[^A8_KS8#]^8:P@IS8:GCI%MOf NBDQ]YMe:AHNQIRAHNz[^AZPQAZAC9Y[^]YAHKRKS8:9nGHAC]EGy8TNc8:9[EIJAHN@A
[t8T;>aQIpACf N GHMO;6M AC{ACGC[EM ]YAHPQ=@GHIJ]KJ8[^AC;XDFAH]E8T[^=Q]E8IJNz[^AC]EIRMO]ZPQABKJ8N\=QaiABc8T9Y[t8T8:KRMO]EAC9*U\=QABAHN
8:KRoO=QNQMO9GH8:9EM:9DQ=@AHPQACN*8:DQ]YMy@IR;Z8T]E9EAl8VKJ8V[EAH;6DiAC]^8T[E=Q]^8V;6AHPQIJ8VPQAHKc=QN@IROAC]E9YMQh\GHAH]YGy8:NQ88VKJMO9
05Ks[t8:9PQAHNQ9YIJPc8TPQAH9l?*ac8%dE8:9r[^AC;XDFAH]E8T[^=Q]E8:9jc8:GCAHN_PQAVKS8T9jNW=@aiAC92P@AHNQ9E8:9wKRMO9r;6AdYMO]YAH9jGH8:NQPQIRPc8T[^M:9
Dc8:]E8*GHMONz:AH]Y[EIJ]Y9EAAHNBKJ8Z;Z8m[^AH]YIS86PQA>KS8XUW=@A9EA>{MO]Y;Z8:NxKS8:9wAH9Y[E]EACKJKS8T9H<NBAC{AHGp[^MQhKJ8XA@IR9Y[EAHNQGCIS8
PQA<8:9YMGCIS8:GCIJMON@AH9ACNz[^]EA<NQACaQ=QKRMO9^8:9jP@IR{=Q9E8:9?*N\=QaFAH9lMO9YGH=Q]E8:9n`bN\=QaFAH9lPQACNQ9^8T9tvr]^8T[EIRcGH8KS8LIJPQAH8>PQA
U\=QA<9cMOf KRM|AHN#AHK9YAHNQM6PQA<AH9}[t8:9B=Qf KR[EIJ;X8:9DQ=QAHP@An[EAHNQAC]2KR=Qoz8:]AHKDQ]YMGCAH9EM|PQAV{MO]Y;Z8TGHI%M:f NAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]r[t8:K
?GCMO;XM{=QA<PQAC9EGC]EIR[EM|AHN_KS89EACGHGHIyMOf JN IQ
0 GHMONz[EIJN\=c8:GCI%MOf N_]EApIR9^8:]YAH;6MO928:KJo:=QNQMO9jPQAnKJM:9j; 8:f 9jIR;XDFMO]}[t8:Nz[^AC9l8:9EDFAHGp[^MO92]EACKS8:GCIJMONQ8:PQMO9jGCMONxKJ8
AH9}[^]Y=QGC[E=Q]^8P@A5KS8T9N\=QaFAH9PQAHN@9^8:9ChQKS8<DQ]EAC9EACNQGHIJ8n?6AHKqDc8:DFAHKFPQACKFDFMOKsOMACNZACKJKS8T9-?|9Y=*]EIRGy8<U\=gf ;6IJGH8
U\=QAnPQAC[EAH]E;6IJNQ88|9Y= :AHn9E=Q9lDQ]YMODQIJACPc8:PQAC9lAH;6IJ9EIsT8:9H
V
' Z
!
"! '
!
#
:#
' %
4.254
*-2
K PQAwKS8n;Z8:9E8PQAwKS8:9NW=@aiAC9rPQAHN@9^8:9jAC9Y[q8Lf AHNKS8<{MO]E;X8<PQAKJMLU\=QA9EA5GHMONQMWGHAwGHMO;6M>ACKiDFMOKR:M
IJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]H 0 DiAC9^8:]rP@A5U\=QAPQIRGtc8L{]E8:GHGCI%MOf NXPQA5;X8:9^8LDc8:]EACGHAw;>=@?XDiACUW= NQ 8LAHKiAC{ACGC[^MUW=@AAH9}[t8
;X8T[^AC]EIS8>[EIJAHN@An9YMOaQ]YALKJ8:9lDQ]EMOD@IJAHPQ8:PQAH92PQAnAH9}[t86{b8T9EAnPQAHK;XACPQIJM|IRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]lAH92GHMO;6DQKJAp[t8:;6AHNz[EA
PQAp[^AH]Y;XIRNc8:Nz[^AT
/M:]DiM:KROMVIRNz[^AH]YAH9}[^AHKJ8:]N@MO9]EAp{AH]EIR;XM:985oO]E8:NQMO9;Z8:GC]EMO9YGMOf D@IJGHM:9{MO]E;X8:PQM:9DFMO]KJ88:oO]YAHoz8:GCI%MOf NPQA
8:KR]EAHP@AHPQMO]wPQA B8Tf [^M:;XMO9CV9Y[EMO9oO]E8:NQMO9wDQ=QAHP@AHN0[^ACNQAH]P@IJ;6AHNQ9YIJMONQAC95PQACKMO]YPQAHN y !0 =Q9
DQ]YMODQIJACPc8:PQAC9j8:aQ9YMO]EaFAHNz[EAH9r?6AH;6IJ9YIRT8:9HhWDQ]YIJNQGCIJDc8:KR;XACNz[^AlAHNACKIJN{]^8:]Y]EMmdYMnNQMO9rDFAH]Y;XIs[^ACNZPQACPQ=QGHIR]
IJN{MO]E;X8:GHIyMOf N*]YAHKS8TGHIJM:Nc8:Pc8GHM:Nx9E=_GHM:;XDFMO9EIRGHIyMOf N#UW=~gf ;6IJGy8*7(86;X8y?OMO]YIS8PQA<KJMO9loO]E8:NQMO9lDFMP@]ygf 8TN
AH9}[t8:]GCMO;6DQ=QAH9}[^MO9-PQAjo:]^8TQ[EM<MVGy8:]YaQ=Q]EM<PQAl9YIJKJIRGHIRM59EM:aQ]EAjKRMO9U\=QAl9EAlPQACDiMO9YIR[^8:N|M:[^]YMO9;X8T[^AC]EIS8TKJAH9
U\=QA>DQ=@AHPQACNB8:PQQAC]EIJ]Y9EAn{b8:GHIRKJ;6AHNz[^An8:KoO]^8TNQMZDFMO]2AC{AHGp[^MPQALKS8:92ac8edE8T9w[^AC;XDFAH]E8T[^=@]^8:9w]EAHIRNc8:Nz[^AC9
AHNAHK;XACPQIJMACNACKU\=QA|AHKJKRMO99YA6ACNQGH=@AHNz[^]E8:N~h;XAp[t8:KRAH9GCMO;XM@IJAH]Y]EMQhGH8:KJGCIJM8TKJ=Q;6IJNQIRMZDFMP@]ygf 8TN
{b8:GCIJKJ;6AHNz[EAV8:PQQAC]EIR]E9EA<8KJ8>9E=QDFAH]}cGHIRAVPQAHKoO]E8:NQMQ-N#M:[E]^8:9jMWGy8:9YIJMON@AH9jDFMPQ]Hgf 8:NAC9Y[^8:]r{MO]E;X8:PQM:9
DFMO]L@IJAHKRMO9nPQAZ9Y=Q9Y[^8:NQGHIJ8:9GCMO;6M ACK8:o:=c8@hACK8T;XMON~f 8:NQGCM M AHK;XAp[t8:N@M8 KRMO9nUW=@AZ9EAZ8:PQQIRAH]YAHN
[t8T;>aQIpACf N#IJ;6DQ=Q]EACy8:9j;6AC[c8:f KJIRGy8:9GHMO;6MKS8:9l8TN\[EAH]YIJMO]Y;Xg ACN\[EAV;XACNQGHIRMONc8:PQ8:9H
.wNQ8nPQAlKRMO9; 8Tf 9D@]EMOaQKRAH;8Tf [^IRGHMO98:9EDFAHGp[^MO9-]EACKS8:GCIJMONQ8:PQMO9GCMONXACKcDiM:KROM<IRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]-]^8:PQIRGy8VAHN6KJM:9
DQ]YMGCAH9EM:9wU\=QA<KJM|MO]YIJoOIRNc8:N~
7MO9oO]^8:N@MO9P@AwDFMOKR:MDFMP@]ygf 8TN|{M:]E;X8:]E9YA2IRNQIJGCIS8:KR;XACNz[^ArDFMO]KS8V=QNQIyMOf NZPQA2;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8:9Dc8:]E8n{MO]Y;Z8:]
AH9}[^]Y=QGC[E=Q]^8:9oOIJoz8TN\[EAH9nGHMON x8 x8T[cMOf ;6MO9H#9Y[^8:9>AC9Y[^]Y=QGC[E=Q]^8T9>c8:]Hgf 8:NAHKDc8:DFAHKPQAZ9YAH;6IJKRKS8:9
9EM:aQ]EAnKS8:9jU\=QA<KRAHNz[t8:;6AHNz[EAn9YALIR]ygf 8:N#8:oO]YAHoz8:N@PQM 8Tf [^MO;6MO9r?MT[^]^8T92;6MOKpAHf GH=@KS8:9rKRIJaQ]YAH9jACN ACK;6AHP@IJMQ
Z=j8:f Nz[^M#[^IJAC;XDFM*[^]E8:NQ9YGH=Q]Y]EA6PQAH9YPQAXACKIJN@IJGHIRM*PQACKDQ]EMWGHAC9EM`bKS8*GC]EAH8:GHIyMOf NP@A=QNc8#9EAH;6IJKRKS8zvjU\=QA
NQM>P@AHaFA9E=QDFAH]E8:]r=QN*[^8:;X8 NQ MLP@A=QNQMO9 $ " Q8:9Y[^8KS8nGHMONQ9}[^Is[^=QGCI%MOf NZQNc8:KFPQA=QNoO]E8:NQM>GCMO;6MKJM:9
MOaQ9YAH]}:8TPQMO95GCMON_PQIJ;6AHNQ9YIJMON@AH92PQAHK(MO]YPQAHN PQA $ " OZ .2Nx;6MPQACKJM|9EIR;XD@KJAVPQACKGC]EACGHIJ;6IJACNz[^M6PQA
"! # !$ %& (')
!+*,! -
! *
JK M:9woO]E8:NQMO92DFMO]58ToO]EACoz8:GHIyMOf N_GHMONz[^IRN\=c8ZPQALKJMO9 8Tf [EMO;XM:9wKRIJaQ]YAH9lAHNKJ8XN\=QaFANQM:95Pc86=QNAH9}[^IR;Z8T[EIR:M
PQA<KS8>P@=Q]^8:GCI%MOf N#PQAn=QN#DQ]YMGCAH9EMXGHMO;6MAH9}[^AT
F ;X8:oOIJN@AH;6MO9Z=QNQ89YIR[E=c8:GHIyMOf N AHN KJ8GH=c8:K5=QN D@]EM:[EMTu oO]E8:NQMP@A]E8:PQIRM AHN@GH=QACN\[E]^8 Dc8:]Y[yg f GC=QKS8:9
` 8m[qMOf ;6MO9nMx;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8:9tvAHNAHK;XACPQIJM_AHNACKU\=QAZ9EAZ;=QAC:A:2M [EMPQM:9KS8T9LDc8T]Y[ygf GH=QKJ8:9<U\=QAZACNu
GH=@AHNz[^]E8n9YA58:P@QAH]YIJ]c8Tf N|8<9Y=X9Y=QDFAH]YQGHIJATha@IJAHN|9YAy8<DiMO]YU\=QAlNQM<9EMON|{T8:f GHIRKJ;6AHNz[^Ar8:PQQAC]EIJa@KJAH9-8TKQoO]^8TNQM
;6IJ9E;6MM<DFMO]EU\=QAlKS85:AHKRMGCIJPc8:P]YAHKJ8T[^Is:858<KJ8U\=QAjIJ8edE8:N|AH9-;>=?oO]^8TNQPQAjGHM:;XMVDc8T]^8VDiAC]E;6IR[EIJ]EKRAH9
=QNQIR]E9YAL8TKoO]^8:N@MQ I9E=QDFMONQAC;XMO92U\=QA AC9wKJ8PQAHNQ9YIJPc8TP N\=Q;AHf ]YIJGy8|PQA<Dc8:]}[%gf GH=QKJ8:9jz8:PQ@AH]EIRaQKJAC9EQh
9Y= OACKJMWGHIRPc8:P1? ! 9E= ;Z8:9E80=QNG~8:f KJGC=QKJMBDQ]YAHGHIR9EMNQMO96DiAC]E;6IR[^AACNQGHM:N\[E]^8:]6U\=QA_PQAH9YDQ=AHf 9ZPQA
[^]E8:NQ9YGH=Q]Y]EIJP@M6=@N_[EIJAH;6DFM>[wACK]^8:P@IJM>cNc8TKPQAHKoO]E8:NQMQh AC9Y[q8|f Pc8:P@M6DFMO]Ch
!
( (
KS8T98T[^;MOf 9}{AH]^8T9AH9}[^ACKS8:]YAH9Hh-ACN[^8:Nz[^M0AC9Y[^A*[EIJACNQAKS8xGH8:Dc8:GCIJPc8TPPQA#8:aQ9YMO]EaFAH]KJ8x]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf N; 8Tf 9
AHN@AH]EoACf [^IRGy8|AH;6IR[EIJPc8DFMO]jKJ8>AH9Y[E]EACKJKS8>?]YAHAC;XIs[^IJ]YKS8nAHN_AHKIJN{]^8:]Y]EMmdYMQ
5[^]YMnP@AwKRMO9KJ=QoO8:]EAC9PQAwApcGHIRAHNz[^Aj{MO]Y;Z8TGHI%M:f NPQAwo:]^8:NQM:9PQAwDFMOKsOM<KJMVGCMONQ9Y[EIR[E=@?OACN*KS8:9ACNzOMOKs[^=Q]E8:9
PQA>KJ8:92DQ]EM:[EMAC9Y[E]EAHKRKS8:9ChiACN0KS8:9wGH=c8TKJAH9wDiM:]5AC{ACGC[EMPQAHKGHMOKJ8:DQ9EMZoO]^8yWIR[^8:GHIRMONc8:K(PQAL=QNc8*N\=QaFA>NQMO]u
;X8:KKS8#PQAHN@9EIJPQ8:PPQA6;Z8m[^AH]YIS89EAXIJNQGC]EAC;XACN\[^8 ACN9E=@QGHIJACNz[^AZGC=c8:Nz[ygf 8 GCMO;XM_Dc8:]E8 DQ]YM%OMWGy8:]n=QN
ACQGHIJACNz[^ArDQ]YMGCAH9YMPQA{MO]Y;Z8TGHI%M:f NLPQADiM:KROM@K@DFMOKsOM8T9ygf {MO]E;X8:PQM2AHNzOM:KROAC]ygf 8GHMO;6DQKJAp[t8:;6AHNz[EAKJ8
DQ]YM:[^MWAH9}[^]EACKJKJ8@hzMGC=QKR[c8:f NQPQM:KS8GHM:;XDQKRAC[^8:;XACNz[^Ar[t8TKQ?|GHMO;6MV{=QAwP@AH9EGC]EIs[^MnAHNZKJ8V9EAHGCGHIyMOf N IQ 78<]^8eu
PQIJ8:GHIyMOf N8:aQ9YMO]Ea@IJPc8DFMO]AC9Y[t8VG~8:f 9EGH8:]^8PQAjDFMOKsOMV9EAC]ygf 8]EAHAC;XIs[^IRPc8wDFMO]AHf KAHN|KS82{MO]E;X85PQAj]E8:PQIS8TGHI%M:f N
IJN{]^8:]Y]EMmdE8@7(8nA@IR9Y[EAHNQGCIS8LP@AwDFM:[^ACNz[^AH9{=QAHNz[EAH9GCMO;6Dc8:GC[^8:9PQAw]E8:PQIJ8:GHIyMOf N|IJN@{]E8:]E]YMmdE8@h\8:9YMGCIS8:Pc8T9
9EACoO=Q]E8:;XACNz[^A>GCMONDQ]YM:[^MWAH9}[^]EACKJKJ8:9wP@AH;>=QAC9Y[E]^8ZKJ86T8:KJIRPQAHnPQACKAC9EGHACNc8:]YIJMPQAC9EGH]YIR[EMQM:N@{MO]E;6A9YA
9E=@GHAHP@IJAH]E8:Nx{b8:9YAH92DiM:9Y[^AC]EIRMO]EAC9wPQALKS8AC:MOKJ=@GHI%M:f NxPQAnKS8|DQ]EMT[^MWAH9Y[E]EACKJKS8ACKDFMOKsOMX8:9ygf {MO]E;X8:PQM|9YAH]Hgf 8
cNc8TKJ;6AHNz[^ArADQ=QKJ9E8:PQMVDFMO]DFM:[^ACNz[^AH9WIRAHNz[^MO9DQ]EMWPQ=QGCIJPQMO9DiMO]AHK@M:aWdYAC[EMnGCAHNz[^]E8:K@IRNz[^AHo:]^8:]E8:NQPQMO9YA
8:K~;6AHP@IJM|U\=QA<KJM|]EMWPQAy8
KGHM:;XDFMO]Y[^8:;6IJAHNz[EMPQA0KJ8;Z8m[^AH]YIS8ACN KS8:9X]EAHo:IJMONQAC9 EGFHF6P@AHK;6AHPQIRMIJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]AH9]EACKS8T[EIsu
T8:;6AHNQAp[L9YIJ;6DQKJA KLKJ8#]E8:PQIJ8:GHIyMOf N0=QKR[E]^8yWIJMOKRAC[^8*DQ]EM%OACNQIJACNz[^A|{=QAHNz[^AC9GCAH]EGH8:Nc8:9n;X8:Nz[^IJACNQA|AHN=QN
AH9}[t8:P@M5GHM:NQ9Y[^8:Nz[^AP@AIRMONQIJH8:GHIyMOf N<8l=QNc8laQ=QAHNQ85Dc8:]}[^A-PQAKJMO9L8Tf [EMO;XM:9UW=@AKS8jGCMONQ9Y[EIR[E=@?OAT-MONn=QNc8
[t8TKDQ]YAH9EACNQGHIJ8PQA>]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf N AHNQAC]EoApf [^IRGy8*AHNBKJ8ZN\=QaiA9YAc8:GCA>Pgf QGHIJKKS8XMGC=Q]E]YAHNQGCIS8*PQA>D@]EMWGHAH9YMO9
U\=gf ;6IJGCMO9rACN KRMO9jGH=c8TKJAH9lPQM:92M|;8:f 9l8T[cMOf ;XM:9j9EA<=QNc8:N_Dc8:]E8>{MO]E;X8:]rAC9Y[^]Y=QGC[E=Q]^8T9w;X8y?OMO]YAH9H
N ]EACoOIJM:NQAH9X8:KJA dE8:Pc8:96PQA_KS8:96DFMPQAC]EMO9E8:9X{=@AHNz[^AC9*PQA_]^8:PQIJ8:GHIyMOf N =QKR[E]^8yWIJMOKRAC[t8hPQM:NQPQAxACK2kQ=mdYM
PQAn]^8:P@IS8:GCI%MOf N#AHN@AH]EoACf [^IRGy869EAQ8X]EACPQ=QGCIJPQMXAHNx9Y=@cGCIJAHNz[EA>GH=c8TN\[ygf 8|Dc8:]E8XDFAH]E;6IR[EIJ]YKJA86KS8|;Z8y?:MO]ygf 8
PQA*KRMO9 8mf [^MO;6MO9GCMONQ9YAH]YT8:]9E=Q9ACKJAHGp[^]YMONQAH9`b]EACoOIJM:NQAH)9 E,F}vLKS8_QIJ9}[^MO]YIS8_AH9>aQIRAHN PQIR9Y[EIJNz[t8@ 0 KS8T9
[^AC;XDFAH]E8T[^=@]^8:9?P@AHNQ9YIJPc8:P@AH98:KJK gf ]YAHIJNQ8:Nz[^AH9-KRMO9DQ]EMWGHAC9EMO9PQAjIRN\[EAH]E8:GHGCI%MOf N|IJNz[EAH]c8mf [^MO;6IJGH859EA2c8:GCAHN
IJ;6DFMO]Y[^8:Nz[^AH9l?_DiAC]E;6IR[EAHN_KS8Z8TDc8:]EIRGHIyMOf N#PQA>;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8:9jAHNB8:KRoO=QNQM:92GH8:9EM:9PQA=@Nc8ZoO]E8:NxGCMO;XD@KJApu
dYIJPQ8:P~
IJ9Y[EA=QN GCMONmdY=QNz[^M a@IJAHNGHMONQMWGHIRPQMPQAxDQ]EMWGHAC9EMO9*U\=QA0D@=QAHPQA0PQ8:]ZKR=Qoz8:]X8KS8{MO]E;X8:GHIyMOf N PQA
;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8:9PQA-;>=@?<PQIsOAC]E9^8T9GCMO;XD@KJAdYIRPc8:PQAC9H- 0GHMONz[EIJN\=c8:GCI%MOf NnPQAH9YGH]YIJaQIR]EAH;6MO9KJ8:9(Gy8:]E8:GC[EAH]Hgf 9Y[EIJGy8T9
oOACNQAH]E8:KJAC92P@AnGH8:Pc8|=QNQM|PQA<AH9YMO92DQ]EMWGHAC9EMO9C
Ki;8:f 99EIJ;6DQKRA2D@]EMWGHAH9YM>PQA5{M:]E;X8:GHIyMOf NXP@A5;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8:9-AHNAHKF;6AHPQIRMLIRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]KRMGHM:NQ9Y[EIR[^=?OAKJ8
=QNQIyMOf N_PQIJ]YAHGC[^86P@ALPQM:9x8mf [^MO;6MO9lU\=QALApOACN\[E=c8:KR;XACN\[EA9YA8:D@]EMyIJ;X8:N#ALIRN\[EAH]E8:GC[=Qf 8:N~+ .wN DQ]EMWGHAC9EM
GHM:;XM2AH9}[^AADQKJIRGy8lDiMO]AdYAC;XD@KJM2KS8r{MO]E;X8:GCI%MOf N<PQA DiM:]GCMOKJIR9EI%M:f NnACNz[^]EA=QN 8mf [^MO;6MlPQAjr8:]YaiM:NQM
?=QN@MXPQmA E2IJPQ]QMOf oOAHN@MQh
( (
@8:;XIRNc8:NQP@M_AC9Y[^8_9YAHNQGCIJKJKJ8]EAy8TGHGHIyMOf NBPQAH9YGH=Qa@]EIJ;6MO9L8:KJo:=QNc8:9VPQA|KJ8:9VDQ]EM:DQIJACPc8:PQAC9LoOACNQAH]E8:KJAC9<PQA
KS8>U\=~gf ;XIRGy8>ACN ACK;XACPQIJMIRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]H
NXGCMONQPQIRGHIRMONQAH9P@AjKS8:aFMO]^8m[^MO]YIJM5KJ8PQAHN@9EIJPQ8:PXP@A2DQ8:]Y[ygf GH=@KS8:9ACNX=@N6;6AHP@IJM{MO]Y;Z8:P@MVDiMO]PQIR:AH]E9E8:9
AH9YDiACGHIRAH9>AC9[t8:N8:KR[^8_U\=QAZNQM9cM:f KJMxKRMO9nDQ]EMWGHAC9EMO9LPQA*GHM:KJIJ9YI%MOf NBACN\[E]EA*P@MO9AC9EDFAHGHIRAH9[EIJACNQAHNKR=Qoz8:]
9EIRNQMxU\=QAXAHN8:KJoO=@Nc8:9nMGH8:9EIRMONQAH9 DQ8:]Y[ygf GH=@KS8:9VDQ=@AHPQACN AHNQGCMONz[^]^8T]E9EAX?BPc8:]nKJ=Qoz8T]L8_]EAH8:GHGCIJMONQAC9
V
' Z
!
"! '
/ 6
' ,+*
)*
254
&')#&%94
"
"! # !$ %& (')
!+*,! -
! *
^[ ]YIJ;6MOKJACGH=QKJ8:]EAC9H-NxACK;XACPQIJM|IRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]HhcPQM:NQPQAn]EAHIRNc8:N_KS8:9jaQ8edE8:92PQAHNQ9YIJPc8TPQAH9ChiKJ8|D@]EMOac8TaQIJKRIsu
Pc8:PZPQAMWGH=Q]Y]EAHN@GHIS8nPQA=QNX[t8:KFDQ]EMWGHAC9EM>AC9rAHNAW[^]EAC;XMac8edE8PQAw;XMWPQMLUW=@A5[^MWPc8:9KS8:9]EAH8:GHGCIJMONQAC9
IJNz:MOKJ=QGC]^8:N9EIRAH;6DQ]EA|9QMOf KJM ]EAy8TGHGHIRMONc8:Nz[EAH9HZ7(8_U\=gf ;XIRGy8*PQACK;6AHP@IJM#IJNz[^AC]EAC9Y[^ACKS8:]<AC9LDQ=@AH9n=QNc8
U\=gf ;6IJGH8>PQA<]EAH8:GHGCIJMONQAC9laQIJ;6MOKJACGH=QKJ8:]EAC9H
7(8:9<ac8edHgf 9EIJ;X8:92[^AH;6DFAH]^8m[^=Q]E8:9V]EACoOIJ9}[^]^8TPc8:9<8:KRK gf IR;XDFMONQACN[t8:;aQIpACf N0=QNc8#]EAH9}[^]YIJGHGCI%MOf N8:KDQ]EMWGHAC9EM
PQAjIRN\[EAH]YGy8:;>a@IJM5P@AjAHNQAC]Eocgf 85IJNzOM:KJ=QGC]^8:PQMVACNKS85]YAy8:GCGHIyMOf N~ 0wKQNQMVA@IR9Y[EIJ]ACN|AHK@;6AHP@IJMQh:8:aQ=QNQPQ8:Nz[^A
AHN@AH]EoQgf 8PQIJ9YDiM:NQIJaQKRA>KS8T9n]YAy8:GCGHIRMONQAH9<U\=QA6]EACUW=@IJAH]YAHN=QN9Y=Q;6IJNQIR9Y[^]YMPQA|KS8;6IJ9E;X8*Dc8:]E8KJKJApT8:]E9YA
8 GH8:aFM9EMON;>=@?IJ;6DQ]EM:ac8:aQKRAH9H_NACK;6AHPQIRM IRNz[^AH]YAH9}[^AHKJ8:]KJ8_;X8y?OMO]Hgf 8@h9EIRNQM [EMPc8T9KS8T9L]YAy8:Gu
GHIRMONQAC9U\=gf ;6IJGH8:9HhKJIRaiAC]^8:NAHNQAC]EoQgf 8@h9YMONApM:[AHf ]Y;XIRGy8:9C7(8xac8edE8 PQAHNQ9YIJPc8TPPQAHK;XACPQIJM IJ;6DQKJIRGy8
U\=QAPQIRGtQM*DQ]YMGCAH9EMP@A>KJIRaiAC]^8:GCI%MOf N_PQA>KJ8ZAHNQAC]EoQgf 8Z9EM:aQ]^8:Nz[EA>AHN0KJ8:95]YAy8:GCGHIJM:NQAH9Ch~9EADQ]YMP@=QHGH8*NQM
DFMO][E]^8:N@9Y{AH]YAHNQGCIS8L8LM:[E]^8:9Dc8:]}[%gf GC=QKS8T9ACN*AHKF;6AHPQIRM*`Gy8:KRAHNz[t8:;6IJACNz[^M\v9YIJNQMLDiMO]KJIRaiAC]^8:GCI%MOf N|PQA2]^8eu
PQIJ8:GHIyMOf N#AHKJACGC[E]EMO;X8:oONApf [^IRGy8@NxAHK(;6AHPQIRM|IJNz[^AC]EAH9}[^ACKS8:]29EMON GHMO;=QNQAH9l?#DQ]YMOac8:aQKRAH92KJMO9jD@]EMWGHAH9YMO9
{M:[EMU\=gf ;XIRGHMO9C
.wN@MPQAxKRMO96; 8:f 96GHM:;>=QNQAC9*DQ]EMWGHAC9EMO9ZPQA {MO]Y;Z8TGHI%M:f N PQA ;XM:KpAHf GC=QKS8T96ACN AHK2;6AHPQIRMIJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]
IJNz:MOKJ=QGC]^8KS8>DQ8:]Y[EIJGHIRDc8:GCI%MOf NPQA<AC9EDFAHGHIRAH92I%MOf N@IJGy8T9Hh
( (
( (
( (
7(8XDQ]YMOac8:a@IJKJIRPc8:P#PQALUW=@A=QN 8mf [^MO;6MXMX;XM:KpAHf GC=QKS8ACNQGH=QACNz[^]EA=@Nc8XAC9EDFAHGHIRAIyMOf NQIJGH86AC95;>=@Gtgf 9YIJ;6M
;8:f 9DQ]YMOac8:a@KJA5P@AVUW=@AKJM>Q8:oz8GCMON=QNc8>AC9EDFAHGHIRAVNQAH=[^]^8h@DFMO]rAH9}[t8>]E8:MOf NKRMO9IRMONQAC9AHN#ACK;6AHPQIRM
IJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]-dY=QACoz8:N=QNxDc8:DFAHK{=@NQPc8:;6AHNz[t8TKACNKS8|{MO]E;X8:GHIyMOf N_PQA>N\=QACT8:9w?8X:AHGCAH9V;8:f 95GCMO;|u
DQKRAdE8:92AH9YDiACGHIJAC9U\=gf ;6IJGH8:9HG t =@Gtc8:9V]EAH8:GHGCIJMON@AH95AM:[ACf ]E;6IJGy8T9wACN0GHMONQP@IJGHIRMONQAC9wNQM:]E;X8:KJAC9w9Y=QAHKRAHN
]EACU\=QAH]YIJ]lPQAn=QNc8|DiACUW=@A Nc 8|AHNQAC]Eocgf 8|P@AL8TGC[^IsT8:GHIyMOf N~-NxACKKS8:aFMO]^8m[^MO]YIJM>;>=@Gtc8:9lOAHGCAH9wPQIJGtc8ACNu
AH]Yocgf 82AH9D@]EM%WIJ9Y[^8DiM:]KJ8:9GCMONQPQIRGHIJM:NQAH98:;>aQIRAHNz[t8:KRAH985KS82]EAy8TGHGHIyMOf N>DFAH]YMAHNACK@;6AHPQIRM5IJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]
[t8TKJAH9VGCMONQPQIRGHIRMONQAH98:;>aQIRAHNz[t8:KRAH9V8TPQAHGC=c8:Pc8:9<NQM#9YA6PQ8:N~ IRN0AH;>aQ8:]EoOMKJ8*Dc8:]}[^IJGCIJDc8TGHI%M:f NPQAAH9u
DFAHGHIRAH9wI%MOf NQIRGy8:9lACN=QNc8Z]YAy8:GCGHIyMOf NxDQ=@AHPQA8:QMO]Y]^8:]YKJAL8X=QNc86]EAH8:GHGCI%MOf N ApM:[ACf ]E;6IJGH8XKS8|GHM:NQ9EACGH=QGCI%MOf N
PQA<AHN@AH]EoQgf 8Dc8:]E8|AC9EAnGtQIJ9YDc8:CMXIRNQIJGCIS8:K 9Y[^86AC9lM:[^]E8|D@]E=QACac86P@AnKJ8>DiMT[^AHN@GHIS8TK~IJ;6DiM:]Y[t8TNQGHIJ8LU\=QA
dY=QACoz8:N_KJMO9rIRMONQAC92ACN KJ8>U\=gf ;6IJGH8>PQAHK;6AHPQIRM|IJNz[^AC]EAH9}[^ACKS8:]C
/AC]EMQh9YIAHKIJNz[^AC]EIJM:]PQAKS8T9N\=QaiAC9<PQAHNQ9E8:9Hh(DFMO]A dYAH;6DQKJMQhiAH9}[q8
f 9^8:KsT8:oO=c8:]YPc8:PQMP@AKS8Z]E8:PQIS8TGHI%M:f N
AHN@AH]EoACf [^IRGy82DQ]EM%OACNQIJACNz[^ArPQAKS8:9AH9}[^]YAHKJKJ8:9 UW=Af DQ]YMGCAH9EM:9DQ]EMWPQ=QGCAHN>KJ82IRMONQIRy8:GCI%MOf N<NQACGHAH9E8:]EIJ85Dc8:]E8
U\=QA5P@AC[^AC]E;6IJNc8TPc8:9-]EAH8:GHGCIJMONQAC9U\=gf ;XIRGy8:9[^ACNQoz8:NXKJ=QoO8:] O9}[^MO9IJMONQAC9IRNz[^AH]YAH9}[^AHKJ8:]EAC99YAw{MO]Y;Z8TN
DFMO]KJ8nIRNz[^AH]E8:GHGCI%MOf NXPQA5KJ8:9AH9EDFAHGCIJAC9NQAC=@[^]E8:9rGHM:NZDc8:]}[%gf GH=QKJ8:9-9E=QDFAH]YAHNQAC]EoApf [^IJGH8:9rDFAH]}[^AHN@AHGHIRAHNz[^AC9l8
KJM:9PQACNQMO;6IJNc8:P@MO9]^8y?:MO9GMOf 9Y;XIRGHMO9ChO=QNc8KRKJ=@igf 82=Qa@IJGH=Q8PQAjDc8:]}[%gf GC=QKS8T9PQAl8TKR[t82AHNQAC]EoQgf 8|`bDQ]YM:[^M:NQAH9Ch
N5=Qf GCKJAHM:9XPQA EwACKJIJM@hAC[EG: vAC;XIs[^IJPQ8:9|DiMO]6DQ]YMGCAH9EM:9Z[t8:N WIJMOKRAHNz[^MO96GHM:;XMKS8BApDQKJM:9EI%M:f NPQA =QNc8
9E=@DiAC]ENQM%T8 ? U\=QAKJKRAHNc8:N ACKn;6AHP@IJMIJNz[^AC]EAC9Y[^ACKS8:]#8m[^]^8TDc8:PQMO9#ACN AHK<GH8:;XDFM;Z8ToONACf [EIJGCM P@AKJ8
oz8:KJ8mIS8@
KL=Qf Ks[^IJ;6MV?Z;8:f 99EMO]YDQ]EACNQPQAHNz[EAnP@AKJMO9DQ]EMWGHAC9EMO9jU\=QA{b8y:MO]EACGHAHN#KJ8n{MO]Y;Z8:GCI%MOf NXPQA;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8:9AHN
AHK;6AHP@IJMIJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]HhcIJNz:MOKJ=QGC]^8KS8>DQ8:]Y[EIJGHIRDc8:GCI%MOf N*P@AnKRMO9joO]E8:NQMO9lPQA<DFMOKR:MQ
7(8r;XM:KpAHf GC=QKS8; 8:f 9~8:aQ=QNQPQ8:Nz[^A-AHN<AHK:;XACPQIJMjIRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]Hh%KJ8r;XMOKpAHf GC=QKS8P@A AC9HhmDc8:]^8TPlMpf dYIJGH8:;6AHNz[^ATh
AHNz[E]EA6KS8:9V;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8:9;8:f 9<9EIR;XDQKRAH9V=QNQ8_PQA|KJ8:9V; 8Tf 9nP@IR{}gf GCIJKRAH95P@A|{M:]E;X8:]H| K-DQ]EMWGHAC9EM_U\=gf ;6IJGCM
;8:f 959YIJ;6DQKJAnU\=QA>9EAN@MO9wWIJACNQA8ZKJ8ZGy8TaiACy8*GHM:NQ9EIR9Y[^AAHN0KS86=QNQIyMOf NPQA>P@MO9V8:aQ=@NQPc8:Nz[^AC9B8Tf [EMO;XM:9
PQA*@IJPQ]QMOf oOAHN@M0KJIJa@]EAH9LAHN ACK;6AHPQIRMQ0NAHKD@]EMWGHAH9YMBPQA*AHN@KS8:GCA*KJMO98Tf [^M:;XMO9L9EA#8:D@]EMyIJ;X8:NPQAu
9EGCIJACNQPQIJACNQPQM|KJM:9rPQAH9YPQAnAH9Y[^8:PQMO9lACNQAH]YoACf [EIJGHM:9j; 8:f 9l8TKR[^M:9PQA<KS8>;6MOKpAHf GH=@KS8LQ8:9Y[^8|ACKAH9}[t8:PQM|ac8T9EAn8
[^]E8y-ACf 9lPQAV=QNc89EAC]EIRAPQAV9^8TKR[^M:9rU\=QA<Pc8:N#KJ=QoO8:]r8{M:[EMONQAC9jPQAVAHNQAC]EoQgf 8>DQ]EACGHIR9^8@ AVACNQGH=QACNz[^]^8|9EIRN
AH;ac8:]Eo:M U\=QA6Dc8:]E8 8:KRGy8:N@y8:]<AHKAC9Y[^8:PQMxaQ8:9EAThAHK-9YIJ9Y[EAH;X8*{MO]E;X8:PQM#DFMO]<KJMO9<PQMO98Tf [EMO;6MO9<PQAHaFA
9E={]EIJ]l=QNQ8|[E]^8:NQ9YIJGCI%MOf N#U\=QAACN D@]EIJ;6AH]E8|8:DQ]EMyIJ;X8:GCI%MOf N#AH9}[q86f DQ]EMO@IJaQIRPc8@7(86IR;XDQ]YMOac8:a@IJKJIRPc8:PXPQA
U\=QA5AC9EDFMONz[q8:f N@Ay8:;6AHNz[^A5MGC=Q]E]E8n[t8TKq[E]^8:N@9EIJGCI%MOf NXGHMON@PQ=QGHA2cNc8:KR;XACNz[^Aw8=QNc8<{=QAH]}[^A5]YAH9}[^]EIRGHGCI%MOf NXAHN
AHKcD@]EMWGHAH9YMLP@Al{M:]E;X8:GHIyMOf N>PQA DFMO]AC9Y[^Al;6AHGH8:NQIJ9Y;XM@ 5=j8:f KcAH9-DQ=QAC9ACKcDQ]EMWGHAC9EMnU\=QAlPc8nKR=Qoz8:]
8KS8;8:f 9l8:aQ=QN@Pc8:Nz[^A<AH9YDiACGHIRALU\=gf ;XIRGy8>PQA<KS8T9j]EAHo:IJMONQAC59 EGF z
=c8:N@PQMx=QN 8Tf [^M:;XM#PQA6QIJP@]cMOf oOACNQM_ACOACNz[^=c8:KR;XACNz[^AZACNQGH=@AHNz[^]E8x=QNo:]^8:NQM_PQA6DiM:KROM_DQ=QACPQAZGCMON
oO]E8:N D@]EMOac8TaQIJKRIJPc8:P9YAH]X8:PQQAC]EIJP@M8B9E=9Y=QDFAH]YQGHIJAT I28:KJK gf PQA GH=c8:KRU\=QIJAC]6;6MWPQMBAHNQGC=QAHNz[^]E8 8
M:[E]EM 8Tf [EMO;6MxPQA3E2IJPQ]QMOf oOACNQMx?9EA=QN@A8 AHf K hAHKU\=QA*AH]E8=QN IJ;6DQ]YMOac8:aQKRA|DQ]EMWGHAC9EM0PQA*=@NQI%MOf NPQA
KJM:908Tf [EMO;XM:9w9YA>c8:GCA>DiM:9EIJa@KJdA KjKS8XACNQAH]Yocgf 8XPQA>9EM:aQ]^8X?O8*NQMZ[EIJAHN@AU\=QA>9YAH]AC;XIs[^IJPQ86ACN0KS86{M:]E;X8
PQA>]E8:PQIJ8:GHIyMOf N 9YIJNQMXU\=QAAH9wPQIJ]YAHGC[^8:;6AHNz[^A8TaQ9EMO]YaQIJPQ8XDFMO]5KJ8X;X8T[^AC]EIS8|PQACKoO]E8:NQMZ? KS8|U\=QA|8:Nz[^AC9
AH]E8_=@Nc8#[E]^8:N@9EIJGCI%MOf NBDQ]YMOgf aQIJPc89YA6W=QACKROAX8:QM:]^8#DiMO9YIJaQKRA:67(8AHNQAC]Eocgf 8_ACN\[E]EACoz8:Pc8 8:KoO]E8:NQM_AHN
AHKjD@]EMWGHAH9YMD@=QAHPQA_9EAC]|9E=@cGCIJACN\[EA DQ8:]^8BGHMON@PQ=QGHIR]|8KJ8OACT8:DFMO]E8:GHIyMOf NQ0PQA#KS80;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8x]EACGHIpAHf N
{MO]Y;Z8:PQ8<U\=QA2[ACf ]E;6IJNc8cNc8TKJ;6AHNz[^AlIJNz[EAHoO]E8:NQPQMO9YA58nKS8{b8:9YAwoz8T9EAHM:9^8LP@AHKq;XACPQIJM@9Y[^8LDc8:]YAHGCA59EAC]
8:K-;X8:NQAH]E8GHMO;6M 9YAZc8{MO]Y;Z8:P@M KJ8#;X8y?OMO]Hgf 8#PQAHK-QIRPQ]cM:f oOAHNQM_;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8:]U\=QA*8TQMO]^8#DFMPQAC;XM:9
MOaQ9YAH]}:8T]2ACN ACK;XACPQIJMIRNz[^AH]YAH9}[^AHKJ8:]H
wM_[^MWPQMxAC9OoAHf NQAC9EIJ9YxACNAHK-;6AHPQIRM IRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]H#IJ9}[^AHN8:KJK gf GHIJAC]Y[EMO9LD@]EMWGHAH9YMO9U\=QAXDQ=QACPQAHN
GHM:NQPQ=QGCIJ]L8 KS8PQAC9Y[E]E=QGCGHI%M:f NPQA6KS8:9<;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8:9H MO9L9YMOND@]EIJN@GHIJD@KS8:;6AHNz[^AACK[EIJDFM#PQAXD@]EMWGHAH9YMO9
U\=QA>DQ=@AHPQACNP@AH9Y[E]E=QIR]5=QNQ8Z;XM:KpAHf GC=QKS8|PQAC9EKJIRoz8:NQP@MZKJM:908Tf [EMO;XM:9wU\=QA>KJ8XGCMONQ9Y[EIR[E=@?OACN~VKDQ]YIJ;6AH]YM
PQAXAHKJKRMO9<9EAXPQAHNQM:;XIRNc8_{M:[EMP@IJ9EIRGHIJ8:GHIyMOf N?GHMO;6M 9Y=NQMO;aQ]EAXKJM_IJNQPQIRGy8#GHMON@9EIJ9}[^AXAHNKJ8_]Y=QD@[^=@]^8
PQAnKJMO9lACNQKS8:GCAH92U\=QA=QN@AHNxKRMO9 8Tf [^M:;XMO9lPQAnKS8|;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8@h@DFMO]2KS8|8:aQ9YMO]EGCI%MOf N_PQAn=QN {M:[cMOf N_GHMON =QNc8
AHN@AH]EoQgf 8xIRoO=c8:K-M9Y=QDiAC]EIRMO]8 KS8 ACNQAH]Yocgf 8 PQA*AHN@KS8:GCAZPQAXKS8 ;6MOKpAHf GH=@KS8 ;6IJ9Y;Z8 KM:[^]YMDQ]YMGCAH9EM@h
GHM:NQMGCIJPQMnGHM:;XMn]EACGHMO;>a@IJNc8:GCI%MOf N6PQIR9EMWGHIS8m[^IRT8@hO8:GC[=Qf 8n9QMOf KJMn9EMOa@]EA5AC9EDFAHGCIJAH9;XM:KJAHGC=QKS8T]EAH9-IRMONQIJH8:Pc8:9
?#GHM:NQ9EIR9Y[^ALAHN KS8|]EAHGCMO;>aQIRNc8:GCI%MOf N_PQAnKS8|;XMOKpAHf GC=QKS8>GCMON=QN AHKJACGC[E]cMOf N KJIJa@]EA:hcD@]EMWGHAH9YMZACNAHK(U\=QA9YA
KJIRaiAC]^8>=QNQ86ACNQAH]Yocgf 89E=@DiAC]EIJM:]l8|KJ8AHNQAC]Eocgf 8|P@AnACNQKS8TGHA<PQA<KS8>;6IJ9Y;Z8>KRMUW=@ALGCMONQPQ=QGCAnQNc8:KJ;6AHNz[EA
89Y=_P@AH9Y[E]E=QGCGHIyMOf N~+ .wNA dYAH;6DQKJMLPQAKJM:9DQ]YMGCAH9EM:9jPQAV]EACGHMO;>a@IJNc8:GCI%MOf NXPQIJ9YMGCIS8T[EIRT8<KJM>]YAHDQ]YAH9EACNz[t8:N
KS8T9j9EIJo:=QIJACN\[EAH9l]EAH8:GHGCIJMON@AH9Hh
V
' Z
!
"! '
( /
(
(
t =QGtQ8:9-PQArKS8T9;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8:9ACNAHK@;6AHP@IJMIRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]=QNc85:AHr{MO]Y;Z8TPc8:9AC9Y[c8:f N|ApDQ=QAC9Y[t8T98AC9Y[EMO9
PQMO9-Ap{AHGC[EMO9PQAH9}[^]E=@GC[^IsOMO9C-7(8nDQ]YMOac8:a@IJKJIRPc8:P>P@Aw9Y=X9Y=QDiAC]YWIR:AHNQGCIS8nPQAHDFAHNQP@AH]c8nf PQAj{b8:GC[EMO]EAC9-GHMO;6M
KS8<;X8:oONQIs[^=QP6PQA59Y=*AHN@AH]EoQgf 8LP@A5AHN@KS8:GCAw?6KJMnApDQ=QAC9Y[^8|U\=QAw9EAwAHNQGC=QAHNz[^]YA<8n{=QACNz[^AH9PQA5]E8:PQIS8TGHI%M:f N
GHM:N KJ8>IJNz[^ACNQ9EIRPc8:P#?AHKGCMONz[^AHN@IJPQM|AHN@AH]EoACf [^IRGHM69E=@QGHIJACNz[^AnDc8:]^8>{M:[EMP@IJ9EMWGHIJ8:]EKJ8@
(
/
'
4
)*
7
'!%
)*-254
)*
.wNQ8aQ=QAHNQ8nDc8T]Y[^APQAjKS85;X8T[EAH]EIJ85U\=QAjGHM:NQ9Y[EIR[^=?OAlKS8:9]EACoOIJMON@AH9$EGF(AC9Y[q8V
f DQ=@AH9Hh\GCMO;XMVKRM5WIJ;6MO9Hh:AHN
KS8{M:]E;X8>PQA<;XMOKpAHf GC=QKS8:99EIR;XDQKRAH9r?*8:AHGCAH95;=@?GHM:;XDQKRAdE8:9C9Y[EA<[EIJDFMPQA<AH9}[^]E=@GC[^=@]^8:92DQ=QACPQAHN
Pc8:]jKR=Qoz8:]8KS8>AH;6IJ9YI%MOf NZPQAV]^8:P@IS8:GCI%MOf N*DFMO]jDQ]YMGCAH9YMO9lAHNz[^AC]^8:;6AHNz[^A<PQIR9Y[EIJNz[^MO9r8|KRMO9rU\=QA<ApDQKRIJGH8:N
KS8>AC;XIR9EIyMOf NPQA<]^8:P@IS8:GCI%MOf NDFMO]j;X8T[^AC]EIS8{M:]E;X8:Pc8>ApGCKJ=Q9YIRT8:;6AHNz[^A<DFMO]_8Tf [^M:;XMO9?IJMON@AH9H
0 PQIs{AH]EACNQGHIJ8VPQAj=QN8Tf [^MO;6M9YIJ;6DQKJAThOKS8:9;6MOKpAHf GH=@KS8:9[^IJACNQAHN6KJMVU\=QAlDFMP@]yg f 8T;XMO9KJKJ8:;Z8T]PQM:9o:]^8:PQM:9
;8:f 9-PQAwKRIJaFAH]}[t8:PU\=QAwAHKcDQ]YIJ;6AH]EMX`KS8VPQIJ9}[^]YIJaQ=QGCI%MOf N|AC9EDc8:GCIS8:KcP@AwKRMO9-AHKJACGC[E]EMONQAC9tv$ /MO]-=QNXDQ]EMWGHAC9EM
= M:[^]YMKRMO9N=Qf GHKRAHMO9|U\=QA_GHMON@9Y[^Is[^=@?:AHN KS80;XM:KpAHf GC=QKS80DQ=@AHPQACN WIJaQ]E8:]|]EAC9EDFAHGC[EM8B=QN AH9Y[^8:PQMPQA
AHU\=QIRKJIRaQ]EIRMQ78n;XM:KpAHf GC=QKS8GCMO;6ML=QN6[^MWPQMQhW8:PQAC; 8Tf 9Hh\DQ=QACPQA5A@@IJaQIR]=@NZ;6MeWIR;XIRAHNz[^MVPQAw]EM:[^8:GHIyMOf N~
r8:Pc8_AH9}[t8:PQMx]EM:[^8:GHIRMONc8:K?BWIJa@]^8:GCIJMONc8TKPQAXKJ8_;6MOKpAHf GH=@KS8GHMONz[E]EIJa@=@?OAZ8 KS8#AHN@AH]EoQgf 8_[EM:[t8TKPQAZKJ8
;6IJ9E;X8@7(86P@AH9EGC]EIRDiGCI%MOf N_;XACG8:f N@IJGHM6GH=j8:f Nz[^IJGH86P@ALKRMO9l;XM%WIJ;6IJACN\[EMO9jPQA<WIJaQ]E8:GHIyMOf N?#]EM:[^8:GHIyMOf N#PQA
=QNc8|;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8|IRNz[^]EMWPQ=QGCA<=QNc8XP@IJ9EGC]EAp[^IJH8:GHIyMOf N#AHN KS8AHNQAC]EoQgf 8X8T9EMWGHIS8TPc8|86KJ8:9lPQIJ9}[^IJNz[^8:9l;Z8:N@AH]^8T9
AHN0KJ8:95U\=QADQ=QAHP@A>IRaQ]^8T]w?_]EM:[^8:]5KJ8X;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8@5MO;XMZ=QN[^MWPQMZACKJKJ8XAH95PQAH9YGH]EIs[t8*DQ=@AH9GCMON0=QN
GHM:NmdY=QNz[^MPQIR9EGC]EAC[EM>PQAAC9Y[^8:PQMO9rGCMO;>aQIRNc8:GCI%MOf NXPQAAH9}[t8:P@MO9rAHKRAHGp[^]cM:f NQIJGCMO9HhAH9Y[^8:PQMO9IRaQ]^8TGHIJM:Nc8:KJAC9?
AH9}[t8:P@MO9]EMT[t8:GCIJMONc8TKJAH9C ]E8:NQ9EIRGHIRMONQAH9wAHNz[^]YAAC9Y[t8TPQMO9ACKJAHGp[^]QMOf NQIJGCMO95PQ8:NKJ=@oz8:]28Z=QNc8XAH;6IJ9EIyMOf N_PQA
KS8|;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8|DQ8:]EACGHIJPQ8Z8XKJ8XAC;XIR9EI%M:f N_P@A]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf N#DFMO]x8Tf [^MO;6MO9C5 /AH]YMZ[t8T;>aQIpACf N D@=QAHPQACN0ApIJ9}[^IR]
[^]E8:NQ9YIJGHIRMONQAC9AHNz[^]YAKJMO9wAH9}[t8:PQM:9V]EM:[^8:GHIRMONc8:KRAH9w? WIJaQ]E8:GHIRMONc8:KRAH92UW=@A6PQ8:N0KJ=QoO8:]8*KJ8ZAH;6IJ9YI%MOf N PQA
]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf NU\=QA<GCMONQ9Y[EIR[E=@?OAnKJMU\=QAn9EA<GHM:NQMGCA<GHMO;6M|AHKAH9YDiACGC[E]EMZ]YM:[t8TGHIJM:Nc8:Ki?ZIRaQ]^8TGHIJM:Nc8:K~PQA<KJ8
;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8AHN GH=QAC9Y[^IyMOf N~
/MWPQAC;XMO9Chi;6AHP@IS8:Nz[^A<=QN8:Nl8:f KRIJ9EIR9j9EAC;XIRGHK%8Tf 9EIJGCM|AH9Y[EIJ;X8:]lKS8:9lACNQAH]Yocg f 8:92IJNz:MOKJ=QGC]^8:PQ8:9wACNKS8T9l[E]^8:NWu
9EIRGHIRMONQAH95AHNz[^]YAAH9Y[^8:PQMO9WIRaQ]^8:GCIJMONQ8:KJAC9w?]YM:[t8TGHIJM:Nc8:KJAC9wP@AKS8:9w;XMOKpAHf GC=QKS8:92[%gf DQIJGH8:95PQACK;6AHPQIRM*IJNu
[^AC]EAC9Y[^ACKS8:]C
/8T]^89EIR;XD@KJIRQGy8:]<N\=QAH9}[^]YM8TNl8:f KJIR9EIR9nAC9Y[E=QPQIJAC;XM:9>AHK9EAHN@GHIJKRKJM Gy8:9YM0PQA*=QNc8;6MOKpAHf GH=@KS8#aQI%8Tf [EMO;6IJGy8
` Ap[^GT vKJ8:9;8:f 9V8:a@=QNQPc8:Nz[EAH9<AHNKS8:95NW=@aiAC9nP@IR{=Q9E8:9HLKAC{ACGC[^M_PQAKRMO9AHKRAHGu
[^]YMONQAC9X9Y MOaQ]EA_KJM:96;6M%WIJ;6IJAHNz[EMO9>PQA#WIJaQ]E8:GHIyMOf N ?]EM:[^8:GHIyMOf NPQA KJ80;XMOKpAHf GC=QKS8AC9XPQAC9EDQ]YAHGCIS8:aQKRA_?
9EAC]c8_f PQAH9YGy8:]}[t8:PQM AHNNW=@AH9Y[E]EM08TNl8:f KJIR9EIR9H69Y[^=@PQIJAC;XMO9nAHNDQ]EIR;XAC]^8IJN@9Y[t8TNQGHIJ8_ACK;6M%WIJ;6IJAHNz[EMPQA
WIJaQ]E8:GHIyMOf N|PQAlKS8;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8@ F ;Z8:o:IJNQAC;XMO9UW=@Aw=QN6PQAp[^AH]Y;XIRNc8:PQM<IRNQ9Y[^8:Nz[^AlKJMO9N5=@f GHKJACMO99EAlACNQGH=QACNu
[^]E8:NB9EACDc8:]^8TPQMO9nDiMO]V=@Nc8_P@IJ9Y[^8:NQGCIS8 ( ( h(PQM:NQPQA AH9<KS8DFMO9EIRGHIyMOf N0PQA|AHU\=QIRKJIJa@]EIJM@>7(8
{=QAC]Ey8A@DFAH]YIJ;6AHNz[t8TPc8DiMO]5Gy8:Pc8N5=Qf GCKJACMDiMO]5AC{AHGp[^M_PQA9E=;>=@[E=c8*IJNz[EAH]^8TGHGHIyMOf N0AHKRAHGp[^]EM:9Y[q8mf [^IJGH8
9EAC]c8|f DQ=QAC9Hh
*
#4
'
'.
#:
/ %
254
254
:')#&%94
"
1
I
IDFAHN@9^8:;6MO9VAHNB;6M%IR;XIRAHNz[^M:95MO9YGHIJKJ8T[^M:]EIJM:95PQAac8%dE8_8T;XDQKRIR[E=QP~h hDiMWPQAH;6MO9ADc8:NQPQIR]
KS88:Nz[^AH]YIJMO]ApDQ]EAC9EIyMOf N DQ8:]^8>KJ8{=QAH]Yy8|8:KJ]YAHPQACPQMO]rP@AVKS8DFMO9EIRGHIyMOf NPQ AV AHU\=QIR KJIRaQ]EIRMQ.2N[t8:KiDQ]EMWGHACPu
IJ;6IJACNz[^MNQMO9lDFAH]Y;XIs[^AAC9EGH]YIJaQIR]Hh
1
I
1
I
NKJ8w8:Nz[EAH]EIRMO](ApDQ]YAH9EIyMOf N>Dc8T]^8lKS8j{=QAH]Yy8wDFMWPQAH;6MO9IJPQACN\[EIRcGH8:](=QNc82GHMO;6DiM:NQAHNz[^AU\=QAr8T9EMWGHIS8T;XMO9
GHKJ8:]^8T;XACN\[E]EALGHMONBKS8|{=QAH]Yy8]EACGH=QDFAH]E8:PQMO]E8*PQAHK;XM%WIJ;6IJACN\[EMZMO9YGHIRKS8T[EMO]EIRMXPQAKJMO9wN=Qf GHKRAHMO9CLN0ACK
GHACNz[^]EMZPQA;X8:9^86KS8|AHGC=c8:GHIyMOf NxP@A;6MeWIR;XIRAHNz[^M|Dc8:]E8XKJ8XAHKRMONQoz8TGHI%M:f N#[EAHNQIRAHNQP@M*9cMOf KRMXACNGH=@AHNz[t8*KJ8
GHM:;XDFMONQACN\[EA<;XACNQGHIRMONc8:Pc8>AC9Hh
V
' Z
!
"! '
(
1
I
( (
MONQP@A
y ?
-N ACKGy8:9YMXPQAnN\=QAH9}[^]E8X;6MOKpACf GH=QKJ8MO9EGCIJKJ8:Nz[^AVKJM:92DFMO9YIJaQKRAH9jAH9}[t8:P@MO92WIRaQ]^8mu
GHIRMONc8:KRAH9l8( KJM:9jUW=@AnD@=QAHPQAL8:GCGHAHP@AH]2AH9Y[^8:]c8Tf N GH8:]^8:Gp[^AC]EIJH8:PQM|DFMO]jAHNQAC]EoQgf 8:9Hh
1 1
( (
I
MO;6M>AdYAC;XD@KJMGCMONQ9YIJPQAC]EAH;6MO9rKJ8n[E]^8:NQ9YIJGCI%MOf N*ACNz[^]EA5AHKD@]EIJ;6AH]AH9}[t8:P@M>IRaQ]^8TGHIJM:Nc8:KFApGHIs[t8:PQML?ZACK
AH9}[t8:P@Mxac8:9YAZPQA6=QNc8_;XM:KpAHf GC=QKS$8 ` t I $ " h ! 9 hv*7(8 ACNQAH]Yocgf 8#KJIRaiAC]^8:PQ8*AHNKJ8
[^]E8:NQ9YIJGHIyMOf NAH92DFMO]jKS88:Nz[EAH]EIRMO]r{TMOf ]Y;> =QKS 8>IR(oO=c8:K8@h (
A
1
7(8KJMONQo:IR[^=@PPQA<MONQPc8|PQAHK~{MT[qMOf N#AH;6IR[EIJPQMAH928:9Hgf h
(
>=
$"
=QA5AC9Y[c8Lf AHNZAHKF]^8:NQo:MLPQACKiIRN@{]^8T]E]EMedYMLGCAH]EGH8:NQMQ-7(8<[^AH;6DFAH]^8m[^=Q]E8n]YAHIJNQ8:Nz[^A5ACNZKJ8:9]YAHoOIRMONQAC9]YIJGy8T9
AHN ;XM:KpAHf GC=QKS8T92P@AHK(;XACPQIJM6IJNz[EAH]EAC9Y[EAHKS8T]2AC9w[^8:Nxac8%dE8XU\=QAnKJMO92DQ]EMWGHAC9EMO9wPQAnGHMOKRIJ9EIyMOf N#IJNz[^AC]c8Tf [EMO;6IJGy8
NQM 8:KJGH8:NQH8:N KS8AHN@AH]EoQgf 8 NQAHGCAH9E8:]EIJ8 Dc8T]^8DQ]EMWPQ=QGCIJ]AHK<8T9EGHACNQ9EM PQABKS8:9;6MOKpAHf GH=@KS8:9*;6IJ9Y;Z8T98
AH9}[t8:P@MO9XWIJa@]^8:GCIJMONc8TKJAH9|9Y=QDiAC]EIRMO]EAC9H /M:]ZAH9}[t8GHMONQP@IJGHIyMOf NKJ8AC;XIR9EIyMOf NAHNACKwIRN@{]^8T]E]EMedYMPQA_KS8T9
N\=QaFAH92;XMOKRAHGC=QKS8:]YAH9Ch@DQ]YMPQ=@GC[^M6PQAV[^]E8:NQ9YIJGHIRMONQAC9jAHNz[^]YALAC9Y[t8TPQMO9jWIJaQ]E8:GHIRMONc8:KRAH9HhNQM6AH9lGHMO; =Qf N~
t 8:f 9#DQ]YMOac8:a@KJAH9#8=@f N 9YMON KS8:9Z[E]^8:N@9EIJGCIJMON@AH9U\=QA9EABDQ]EMWPQ=QGCAHN AHNz[^]YABPQIJ9}[^IJNz[EMO9AH9}[t8:PQM:9 ]YM:[t8mu
GHIRMONc8:KRAH9C ]E8T[^AC;XM:9PQA>GH8:KJGC=QKS8:]2AHK]^8:N@oOMAHN0ACKU\=QA9EAAHNQGC=QAHNz[^]E8:NKS8:92{]EAHGC=QAHN@GHIS8T9AH;6IR[EIJPc8:9
DFMO]jPQIJGt@MXDQ]YMGCAH9YMQ
7(8AHNQAC]Eocgf 8|P@An]YM:[t8TGHI%M:f N_P@AnGC=c8:KRUW=@IJAH]jGC=QAH]YDiM6]Hgf oOIJP@M>AH9}[q8|f Pc8:Pc8|DiM:]Hh
% (
V V
IJoO=@]^8 @ K-7(8|wAHa@=QKJMO9E8d0wN\=QKS8:]jP@AnKJ8|7(IR]^8@h=QNc8|NQAHa@=QKJMO9E8DQKS8:N@AC[t8T]EIS8
05KRoO=QNc8T90PQAKS8:9AC9EDFAHGCIJAH9IJP@AHNz[^IscGy8:PQ8:90IJNQGCKJ=@?:AHN K EwIRPQ]EMyIJKRM` 0vph IJMyIJPQM P@A 0wH=@{]YA
` vh0woO=c8` zvpXh 05;6MON~f 8:GHMZ` vph qM:]E;X8:KJPQACQIJP@MZ` vphX05GCAC[^IRKJACNQM*` 0vh0wGHIRPQM
MOf ]Y;X IRGHM#` 0vph 05KJGCMOQg MOK t AC[ygf KJIRGHM_` 0vp
05KRoO=QNQM:9QAHGtQM:99YMON6PQAj;XACNQGHIRMONc8:]C /MO]=QN|KS8:P@MV9EAlDiAC]EGCIJaFAjPQAjIJNQ;6AHP@IS8T[EMU\=QAlKS8U\=g f ;6IJGH85PQACK
;6AHPQIRMLIRN\[EAH]YAH9Y[EAHKJ8:]AC9=QNQ8LU\=gf ;6IJGH8M:f ]Eoz8:N@IJGy8hWACNZACKi9YAHNz[^IRPQMPQAwU\=QA9EM:NZKJM:9GCMO;XD@=QAH9}[^MO9ac8:9^8eu
PQMO9AHNXAHKqGy8T]EaFMONQMnKJMO9U\=QAw; 8:f 98:a@=QNQPc8:N 8T;>aQIpACf NX9YA5c8<NQM:[^8:PQMnKS8VApIR9Y[^ACNQGHIJ8LPQA29E=@9Y[t8TNQGHIJ8:9
9EIR;XD@KJAH9VDFAH]YM#IJNQA@IR9Y[EAHNz[^AC9LACNGCMONQPQIRGHIJM:NQAH9<NQMO]Y;Z8TKJAH9ChKJM#U\=QA|c8#PQIRcGC=QKR[^8:PQM9YMOaQ]EAC;Z8TNQAH]E8_ACK
[^]E8:ac8edYMPQAVIJPQACNz[^IRQGy8:GCI%MOf NXPQAVAH9}[t8:9j9Y=Q9Y[^8:NQGHIJ8:9rPc8TPc8>KS8IR;XDFMO9YIJaQIRKJPc8:P|PQA5GHMONQMWGHAC]r=QNAC9EDFAHGC[E]EM
;>=QAC9Y[E]^8GCMONACKlUW=@A 9YAxDQ=QACPc8:N IJPQACN\[EIRcGH8:]|KS8:9|K gf NQAH8:9|DiMO]|ACKJKS8T9AH;6IR[^IRPc8:9>?MOa@9EAH]}T8:Pc8:9XAHN
jIJAC]E]E8@
9I
Espectro de nebulosa
Enana blanca
central
Cascarn
gaseoso (nebulosa)
KS8 7IJ]^8` =QAC]EDFM0N=Qf ;6AH]EM O ACN AHKGy8T[c8:f KJM:oOMxPQA3t AH9Y9EIJAC]#`:AH]QoO=Q]^8 @ vpN ACKJKS8#DQ=QACPQA
8:DQ]YAHGCIS8:]Y9EAlKS8GH8:9yf DFAH]}{AHGC[^8n9YIJ;6AC[E]yf 8GCIJ]YGH=QKJ8:]U\=QAlKJAC9;6AH]YAHGCI%MVf 9E=XNQMO;>a@]EA:9Y[t8<Gy8T]^8:Gp[^AH]Hf 9}[^IJGH8
NQMAC929YIJNAC;>ac8:]YoOg MGHMO; =Qf N8[EMPc8Tg9jKS8:9rN@AHaQ=QKRMO9^8T9jUW=@AVAHN#AHK~D@]EAH9YAHNz[^AnGHM:NQMGCAH;6MO9rGCMO;XMg D@KS8:Nu
AC[^8:]EIJ8:9H$ .2N a@=QAHN AdYAH;6DQKRMPQALAC9Y[EAn@AHGtQMXKJM|]EACDQ]EAC9EAHNz[^8XKS8GH8:DQ]EIRGtQMO9E8|{MO]Y;Z8>P@AnKJ8|wAHa@=QKJMO9E8
/KS8:N@AC[t8T]EIS86PQA>KJ3
8 tx8:]YIJDFMO9^8@<7(8:95]^8:CMONQAH95PQAKS86ApIJ9}[^AHN@GHIS8*P@AAH9Y[EA>[^IRDiMXPQA8:9YIJ;6AC[^]Hf 8:92AHNz[E]EA
KS8T9NQAHaQ=@KJMO9E8:9-DQKS8:N@AC[t8T]EIS8T9AH9Y[c8:f N6IJNz[^IR;Z8:;6AHNz[EArGHMON@AHGC[^8:Pc8:9GHM:NXACKcDQ]EMWGHAC9EMU\=QAlKJ8:9MO]EIRgoOIJNQ8@hOPQACK
U\=QAnc8:aQKJ8:]EAC;XMO9; 8:f 9l8TPQAHKJ8:Nz[^A:
7MO9GHMOKRMO]EAC9ApQIRaQIJP@MO9DFMO]KS8:9-NQACaQ=QKRMO9^8:9DQKS8TNQAC[^8:]EIJ8:9[^IJACNQAHNX;>=QGtQMAHN*GCMO; =Qf N6GHM:N*KJMO9-MOa@9EAH]u
T8:PQMO9VACN0KS8:95NQAHaQ=@KJMO9E8:9VPQIR{=@9^8:9Ch~AH9}[^MQhPQACaQIJP@M#8:K9YIJ;6IJKS8T]2D@]EMWGHAH9YM#UW=@AApDQKJIRGy8ZKJ8ZAH;6IJ9YI%MOf NxPQA
]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf N DiM:]V8:;>aFMO95[EIJDFMO9PQA>AC9Y[E]E=QGp[^=Q]E8:9H|M:;XM*ACNBKS8:9N@AHaQ=QKRMO9^8T9VPQIR{=Q9E8:9ACKAH9YDiACGC[^]YM#PQA
KS8T9wNQACaQ=QKRMO9^8:9wDQKS8TNQAC[^8:]EIJ8:9lAH9Y[c8Xf {MO]Y;Z8:P@M6{=QN@Pc8:;6AHNz[t8:KR;XACNz[^AnDiMO]2IJNz[EAHNQ9E8:95K gf NQAH8:9lPQAAC;XIR9EI%M:f N
DQ]YMe:MGH8:Pc8:9DFMO]LAHKD@]EMWGHAH9YMBPQA*]EACGHMO;aQIJNc8TGHI%M:f NPQAKRMO9ACKJAHGp[^]YMONQAH9KRIJaQ]YAH9nAHNKS8_N\=QaiAGCMON KJM:9
IJM:NQAH9VDQ]YAH9YAHNz[^AC9LACNACKJKS8` v58:9Hgf GHMO;6M*[t8T;>aQIpACf NB8:Dc8:]YAHGCAHNBK gf NQAy8:95GHMO]Y]EAH9YDiM:Nu
PQIRAHNz[^AC986[E]^8:N@9EIJGCIJMON@AH9lDQ]EM:QIJaQIRPc8:9lAHN ` K gf N@Ay8:9lNQACaQ=QKS8T]EAH92OAC]EPQAC9tvph `K gf NQAy8>WIJMOKRAC[^8zvph
h@AHNz[^]YALM:[E]^8:9C
.wNQ8ZDiACGH=QKRIS8:]YIJPc8TP AC9MOaQ9YACT8:Pc8*GC=c8:NQPQM9YAAQ8T;XIRNc8ZAHNxPQAC[^8:KJKRALACKAH9YDiACGC[E]EMPQA>KJ8:92NQAHaQ=@KJMO9E8:9
DQKJ8:NQAC[^8:]EIJ8:9 K[^MWPc8:9KJ8:9K gf NQAy8T9AH9YDiACGC[^]E8:KJAC98:Dc8:]YAHGHACNXP@=QDQKJIRGy8:PQ8:9H-9}[^M<NQM<AH9-M:[E]^8GCMO9^8VU\=QAl=QN
IJN@PQIJGH8T[^IsOMPQACKcQAHGt@MLU\=QA2KS8;X8T[^AC]EIJ85U\=QAlGHMONQ9}[^Is[^=@?:A2KJ8NQAHa@=QKJMO9E8V9EAlApDc8:N@PQAwGCMONQ9}[t8:Nz[^AC;XACNz[^A
c8:GCIS8#8T{=QAC]^8@h(PQA6;6MPQMU\=QA6KS8KR=Q|AH;6IR[^IRPc8ZDFMO]<KS8:9V]YAHoOIRMONQAC9nDFMO9}[^AH]YIJMO]YAH9ChU\=QA69EAX8:KRAdE8:NBPQACK
MOaQ9YAH]}:8TPQMO]X`:AH]VcoO=Q]E8 @ I\vphD@]EAH9YAHNz[t8T]c8#f GHMO]Y]EIJ;6IJACNz[^MO9V8TK]EMmdYM@h;6IJACNz[^]^8T9KS8*U\=QA6AH9<AH;6IR[EIJPc8
DFMO]KS8T9]EACoOIJM:NQAH98TN\[EAH]YIJMO]YAH9Hh:UW=@Aj9EAj9EAr8:GHAC]EGy8TN~hz9E=@{]YAj=QNGHM:]E]EIR;XIRAHNz[^M58:KQ8TH=QK 7(85DQ]YAH9EACNQGHIJ8VPQA
PQAC9EDQKJ8:y8:;6IJACNz[^MO
9 MODQDQKRAH]-PQAwKS8:9-K gf NQAy8T9AC9EDFAHGC[E]^8:KRAH9ChNQMAH9ACKqQAHGtQM;8:f 9-AH9YDiACGHIJ8:K hWKS8<;Z8y?:MO]ygf 8
PQAKS8:9(PQIR9Y[EIJNz[t8:9{b8:9YAH9PQAHK\;6AHPQIRM2IRNz[^AH]YAH9}[^AHKJ8:](KJMO9(DQ]YAH9YAHNz[t8:N TKJM2U\=QAAC9PQIR9Y[EIJNz[^Mj?<Gy8T]^8:Gp[^AH]Hgf 9}[^IJGCM
PQAVAC9Y[^AV[EIJDFMPQAVNQAHa@=QKJMO9E8:9lAH9jACKQAHGtQM|PQA<U\=QA<KS8T9rK gf NQAy8:9r8:Dc8:]YAHHGH8:N#Ap@8:Gp[t8:;6AHNz[^A<PQ=@DQKJIRGy8:Pc8T9
=QN*IRNQPQIRGy8T[EIROMLPQA5KJ8LA@IR9Y[EAHNQGCIS8PQACKDQ]YMGCAH9YMPQA5A@DQ8:NQ9EIyMOf NGHM:NQ9Y[^8:Nz[^APQA5KS8<NW=@aiA;6AHN@GHIJM:Nc8:PQMQh
KJMU\=QAn9EAC]c8|f Dc8:]E8|N@MO9Y[E]EMO9lM:[E]^8DQIJ9}[t8PQA<KS89YMOKJ=QGCI%MOf N#8TKDQ]EMOa@KJAH;X8>PQA<9E=_MO]YIJoOACN~
V V
AHGCIS8:;6MO9nU\=QAAHKAH9YDiACGC[^]YMBPQA*KS8T9NQACaQ=QKJM:9^8:9>D@KS8:NQAp[t8:]YIS8:9nNQMO9L]EApOAHKJ8:ac8U\=QAKJ8 ;X8T[^AC]EIS8#U\=QA
KS8T9ZGHM:NQ9Y[EIR[^=?OA09EAxAH9Y[c8 f ApDc8:NQP@IJAHN@PQM GHMON@9Y[t8TN\[EAH;6AHNz[^AT
=Af Dc8T9^8:]Hgf 89YIIJNzWIJ]}[%gf AH]^8T;XMO9|ACK
MOaQ9YAH]}:8TPQM#DQ]EMWGHAC9EM#PQA>A@DQ8:NQ9EIyMOf NBPQAKS8XNQAHaQ=@KJMO9E8 zL7(8Z;X8T[^AC]EIS8XUW=@AKS8ZGCMONQ9Y[EIR[E=@?OA>WIS8%dE8:]ygf 8
c8:GCIS8_AHKGCAHNz[^]YM0PQAZ9YIJ;6AC[E]ygf 8#PQA*KJ8 ;6IJ9Y;Z8@h8:KRK gf PQMON@PQA*]EAC9EIRPQAZKJ8 AHNQ8:Nc8xaQKJ8:NQGH8 {=QAHNz[EA*PQA*KJ8
]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf N5=QKR[E]^8yWIJMOKRAC[t8UW=@AApGHIs[t8jKJMO9V8Tf [^MO;6MO9~P@AKJ8NQACaQ=QKJM:9^8r?9YA=@NQIJ]Hgf 8r8jAHKRKS8@(9}[^A-AHKRAH;6AHNz[t8:K
8:]YoO=Q;6AHNz[^MwPQAH;>=@AH9Y[E]^85D@=QAH9U\=QAAHN>=@N>Dc8:9E8:PQM5N@AHaQ=QKRMO9^82?<AHNc8:NQ85aQKS8TNQGy8l{MO]E;X8:ac8:Nn=QN>;6IJ9Y;XM
MOaWdYAp[^MQhc9YAHoO=@]^8:;6AHNz[^A<=QNQ86AC9Y[^]YAHKRKS8@
8ACNKJ89YAHGHGCI%MOf N IQ Ic8:a~gf 8:;6MO9PQAC9EGH]YIR[EMKS8T9|{b8T9EAH96cNc8:KRAH96PQA_KS80IRPc8BPQAxKJ8:9|AH9Y[E]EACKJKS8T96GCMON
;X8:9^8:96IJN{AH]EIRMO]EAC968GHAC]EGH8PQA N KS8:96; 8Tf 9XKRIRWIS8:NQ8:9PQAxAC9Y[EAxoO]Y=QDiM ` vh
PQ=Q]E8:Nz[^A>ACKkq8:9Y0PQAHK EwACKJIJM@hiACKkc=mdYMP@A>]^8:P@IS8:GCI%MOf N 9^8:KRIJAHNz[EAPQACKN5=Qf GCKJAHMZAH]^8XKJM*9Y=@cGHIRAHNz[^AC;XACNz[^A
oO]E8:NQPQA Dc8:]^8IJNQPQ=@GHIJ]6AHNKS8:96AHNzOM:KR[^=@]^8:9*=@N PQAH9YDQ]EM:DiMO]YGHIRMONc8:PQMDQ]EMWGHAC9EMPQAxApDc8:NQ9YI%MOf N 7(8
DFAHU\=QA Nc 8_;Z8T9^8PQA6KS8AH9}[^]EACKJKJ8#N@MxAH9n9E=cGHIRAHNz[^AXDc8:]^8#KJM:oO]^8:]5]EAC[EAHNQAC]LACK8:GHACKJAH]E8:PQM_DQ]EMWGHAC9EM PQA
9^8TKJIJPQ8Zc8:GCIS8#8T{=QAC]^8PQAKS8*;X8T[EAH]EIJ8ZU\=QA|GHMON@9Y[^Is[^=@?:AX9Y=Q9<AHNzOM:KR[^=@]^8:9C|78*AC9Y[E]EAHKRKS8#8:PQU\=QIRAH]YAAHN
AH9}[t8{b8:9YA*=QN ;X8:9EIsOMxWIJACNz[^MBAH9}[^AHKJ8:]DFMO]>ACKrU\=QAKJACNz[t8:;6AHNz[^AZDQIJAC]EPQA*GH8:Nz[^IRPc8:PQAC9>IJNQo:AHNz[^AC9PQA
;X8T[^AC]EIS8 /MGCM8DiMWGHMKS8:96Gy8:DQ8:9*;8:f 9ZA[EAH]YIJMO]YAH9Z? ;XACNQMO9XKJIJoO8:Pc8:96oO]^8yWIR[^8:GHIRMONc8:KR;XACNz[^A_8
KS8AC9Y[^]YAHKRKS8@h(9EAXc8:GCAHN8TKR[t8T;XACN\[EA>[^]E8:NQ9EDQ8:]EACN\[EAH9LPQAHaQIRPQM8#9E=ac8edE8[^AC;XDFAH]E8T[^=Q]E8#?BP@AHNQ9YIJPc8:Ph
DFAH]E;6IR[EIJACNQPQMVAHNXAHKcDQ]YMGCAH9YMLKJ8<9Q8:f KJIRPc8PQA2]^8:P@IS8:GCI%MOf NPQAC9EPQAwKS8:9GH8:Dc8:9-;8:f 9-IJNz[^AC]EIRMO]EAC9?Gy8:KRIJACN\[EAH9C
MONACKi[^IRAH;6DiMLKS8n;Z8T[EAH]YIS8L]YAH9}[q8:f Nz[^A8:PQU\=QIJAC]EAKJ8L[^]E8:NQ9YDc8:]EACNQGHIJ89E=cGHIRAHNz[^AVDc8T]^8U\=QAVAC;XAC]dE8KJ8
]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf N#AC;XIs[^IJPQ8>DiMO]lACKGCMO;6Dc8:GC[EMXN5=@f GHKJACMQhcU\=QA9YALQ8XGHM:N\:AH]}[^IJP@MX?z86AHN =QNc8XACNc8:Nc86aQKS8TNQGy8@
7(8:968=Qf N 8:KR[^8:9>[^AC;XDFAH]E8T[^=Q]E8:9|]EACoOIJ9}[^]^8TPc8:9|AHN KS809E=QDFAH]}cGHIRA P@AHKlN=Qf GHKRAHMQh-GC]EAy8TN=QN8:KR[EMBkQ=mdYM
PQA0]E8:PQIS8TGHI%M:f N=QKs[^]^8yWIJM:KJAC[^8U\=QA0ac8 NQ 8GHMO;6DQKRAC[t8T;XACN\[EAxKJ8:9Z;>=? PQIRKJ=QIRPc8:9|?{]Hgf 8:9ZACNzOMOKs[^=Q]E8:9
c8:GCAL[EIJAH;6DFMXA@D@=QKJ9E8:Pc8:9Ch~KS8:92GH=Q8:KJAC95DFMO]wACKAp{AHGp[^MApGCIR[t8TPQMO]2PQA>KS8|]^8TPQIS8:GCI%MOf N_=QKs[^]^8yWIJM:KJAC[^869YA
Gy8TKJIJACNz[t8:N~hFIJM:NQIJH8:N ? AH;6DQIJACy8:N8*AH;6IR[^IR]l]^8:PQIJ8:GHIyMOf N~wK]EAC9E=QKs[t8:P@M K2ACKN5=Qf GCKJACMZPQAC9EN\=QPQM_PQA>KJ8
AH9}[^]YAHKJKJ8_`b=QNc8|AHNQ8:Nc8|aQKS8:N@Gy8zvj8:Dc8T]EAHGCAL]YMP@Ay8:PQM|PQAn=QN_c8:KRM6KR=Q;6IJNQMO9YMPQAn;Z8T[EAH]YIS8>;>=@?Z[^AHN\=QATh
U\=QA<GHMON@9Y[^Is[^=~gf 8DQ]YAHGHIR9^8:;6AHNz[EAnKJ8:9rACN\:MOKR[E=Q]^8T9jPQAVKS8>AC9Y[^]YAHKRKS8@hPQAH9YGH]EIRDiGCI%MOf NU\=QA<GCMOIJNQGCIJPQA5GHMON#KS8T9
Gy8T]^8:Gp[^AH]Hgf 9}[^IJGH8:9jPQA<KS8T9jNQAHaQ=@KJMO9E8:9lDQKS8:N@AC[t8T]EIS8T9H 0w9ygf 9EA<{MO]Y;Z8>DQ=@AH92=QNc8NQAHa@=QKJMO9E86D@KS8:NQAp[t8:]YIS8@
/8T]^80AHKrGH8:9EMPQAKJ8:9>AH9}[^]YAHKJKJ8:9;8:f 9>DFAH9^8TPc8:9|PQAHKoO]E=QDFM `
vphAHKDQ]EMWGHAC9EM
AH9n9EIR;XIRKS8:]2DFAH]EM_MWGH=Q]Y]EA|;>=QGtQM_PQAC9EDQ=ACf 9PQACKDQ]EIR;XAC]kq8:9YPQAC+K EwAHKRIJMQ|NAH9E8#{b8:9YA|KS8AHNQAC]EoQgf 8
AHNz[E]EAHoO8:Pc8n8nKJ8AHNzOMOKs[^=Q]E8nN@MLAC99Y=@cGCIJAHNz[EAwDc8T]^8VMOaQKRIJoz8:]YKS8w8L8:aQ8:NQPQMONQ8:]KS8VAH9}[^]YAHKJKJ8@hzGH=?z8<;Z8:9E8
AH9Z8:QMO]E8;X8y?OMO]C E58TGHA {b8TKR[t80U\=QA KS8BAH9Y[E]EACKJKS88:KRGy8:NQGCA#PQIJ;6AHNQ9YIJMON@AH969E=QDFAH]YIJMO]YAH9HhPQ=Q]^8TN\[EAxKJ8
{b8:9YAPQAL9E=QDFAH]YoOIJoz8TN\[EA:hiDc8:]^86U\=QA>KS86;Z8m[^AH]YIS8|U\=QA>AHNzW=QACKROAAHKN5=@f GHKJACMX9YAW=QAHKsT8Z9EACNQ9EIRaQKJA8XKJM:9
Gy8T;>aQIJM:92a@]E=Q9YGHMO9wUW=@A>8:GH8:AHGCAHNACNAHK(PQ=Q]E8:Nz[^ALKJMO9j[t8T]EPgf MO9jkq8:9E@AH95P@AHgK EwAHKRIJMQ+ 0Dc8:]Y[EIJ]lPQAnAH9}[^A
;6MO;XACNz[^M_KS8#PQAH9YGH]EIRDiGCI%MOf NPQAHK-DQ]YMGCAH9YMPQA|{MO]E;X8:GHIyMOf NBPQAZN@AHaQ=QKRMO9^8T9DQKJ8:NQAC[^8:]EIJ8:9VGHM:N;Z8T9EIRT8:9
AH9}[^]YAHKJKJ8:9jDQ]YMOoOAHN@IR[^M:]^8:9jAC92IRPAHf Nz[EIJGHM68:KDQ]EAC9EAHNz[^8:PQMZACN ACKGy8:9YMXP@AnAC9Y[E]EAHKRKS8:9jKRIRWIS8TNc8:9H
7(8V]EAHKJ8T[^IsT8DiMWGy8WIJMOKRAHNQGCIS8w?>KJAHNz[EIR[^=@P6P@AHKcDQ]YMGCAH9EMnPQAl{MO]E;X8:GCI%MOf N>P@A2=@Nc8nN@AHaQ=QKRMO9^8VDQKJ8:NQAp[t8:]YIS8@h
9EM:N*]EAC9EDFMONQ9^8TaQKJAC9rPQA9Y=*9EIR;XAp[^]Hgf 8@7(8AIJ9Y[EAHNQGCIS8P@A8:9YIJ;6AC[^]Hgf 8:9-ACN\[E]EAACKJKJ8:9DQ8:]EACGHAPQAC;XM:9Y[^]E8:]Hh
9EACor=Qf N*]YAHGHIRAHNz[^AC9rIJNz:AH9Y[EIJoz8TGHIJM:NQAH9Ch@U\=QA5ACKDc8TDiACKiU\=QAdY=@AHoz8:NZDiMO]AdYAC;XD@KJMAC9Y[E]EAHKRKS8:9GHM:;XDc8 N@ AH]^8T9
MDQKS8:N@AC[t8T9Z8:9YMGCIS8:PQ8:9|8KJ8BAC9Y[E]EAHKRKS8BDQ]EM:oOAHNQIs[^MO]E8@hAH96PQAC[EAH]E;6IJNQ8:Nz[^A#AHN KS8BPQAC[EAH]E;6IJNQ8:GHIyMOf N9E=
AH9}[^]Y=QGC[E=Q]^8@
KiGCMONQ9}[t8:Nz[^AwDQ]EMWGHAC9EM>P@AwA@DQ8:NQ9EIyMOf N*PQA2KS8<;X8T[^AC]EIS8<U\=QA5GCMONQ9}[^IR[E=@?OAwKS8:9-NQACaQ=QKRMO9^8:9DQKS8TNQAC[^8:]EIJ8:9Hh
!
'
%10
*-,.'+
#:
/ %
4
)*
%94
)#
*%94
*-2
3
' *
AHNo:AHNQAC]^8:KWPQAHDFAHN@PQAjPQArKJ8wPQACNQ9EIRPc8:P>PQAAHKJACGC[E]EMONQAC9HhzPQA9E=ACNQAH]Yocgf 85;6AHP@IJMw?nPQAKS8wIRNz[^AHN@9EIJPQ8:P>PQACK
Gy8T;XDFML;X8:oONACf [^IRGHM\vDc8T]EAHGCAPQAC;XMO9}[^]E8:]ACN*MWGy8:9YIJMONQAC9U\=QAwAHKFGy8:;6DFMAHNXAHKFU\=QAAH9}[q8:f N*8T[^]E8:Dc8:PQM:9
PQIRGtQMO9AHKRAHGp[^]EM:NQAH9DQ=@AHPQAj[^ACNQAH]-IRN\[EAHNQ9YIJPc8TPQAH9GCMON|;>=QGtQM<9E=@DiAC]EIJM:]EAH9-8KJ8:9PQACKQGy8T;XDFMV;XACPQIJM5PQA
KS8|<8:KJ8mIS8@-9}[^M|PQAC;>=QAH9}[^]E86KJ8>ApIJ9}[^AHN@GHIS8PQA<=QN_MOaWdYAp[^M|IJNz[EAH]EIRMO]j8>KJ8>NW=@aiA<U\=QA<Pc8MO]EIRoOAHN_8:K
IJNz[EAHNQ9YM6GH8:;6DiMQ-K~;6AdYM:]jGy8:NQP@IJPc8T[EMKJMGCMONQ9Y[EIR[E=@?OA<=QNc8|AH9}[^]YAHKJKJ8>PQAVNQAC=@[^]YMONQAH92AHN_]^8TDgf PQIR9EIR;Z8
]EMT[t8:GCI%MOf NXUW=@AAH9}[t8:]Hgf 8>8:9YMGCIS8:PQ8LGHM:N*KS8nNQAHaQ=@KJMO9E8@-7(8ApIJ9}[^ACNQGHIJ8PQA5AC9Y[EA[^IJDFMnPQAV8:9YMGCIS8:GCI%MOf NXPc8
KJ=@<8:KDQ]EM:aQKJAC;Z8>PQACKMO]EIRoOAHN#PQA<AC9Y[t8T92AC9Y[E]E=QGp[^=Q]E8:9wP@AHK;6AHPQIRM6IRNz[^AH]YAH9}[^AHKJ8:]H
aQ9EAC]YT8:GCIJMONQAC95AC9EDFAHGC[E]EMO9YGHMOD@IJGy8T9PQAC[^8:KJKJ8:Pc8:9lPQALKJMO9 lAH;X8:NQAHNz[EAH95P@A =QDFAH]YNQM%T8@hPQAC;>=QAC9Y[^]E8:N
KS8*AIJ9Y[EAHNQGCIS8*PQA]E8:DQIRPgf 9YIJ;6MO9w;6M%WIJ;6IJAHNz[EMO95PQA|;X8T[^AC]EIJ8XAHN9E=B9YAHNQM`bKJ8:95:AHKJMWGHIRPc8:PQAC9VDQ=QACPQAHN
9EAC]LP@AHK-MO]EP@AHNP@AX=QN@MO9 W; T9^vp IRGtQMO9<;XM%WIJ;6IJACNz[^MO9VDc8T]EAHGCAHNIJNQPQIRGy8:]VKJ8_D@]EAH9YAHNQGCIS8_PQA
=QN0DQ]YMGCAH9YM*oOAHN@AH]^8TKPQA>ADc8:NQ9YI%MOf NP@A>KS86;Z8T[EAH]YIS8XU\=QAKS8:92GHMON@9Y[^Is[^=@?:A:h~KRMZU\=QA>[^8:;>aQIpAHf NxMT{]EAHGCA
DQIR9Y[t8T9j]EAHKJ8T[^IsT8:9l8:K~DQ]YMOaQKRAH;X8>PQA<9E=_MO]EIRoOAHN~
MON[^8:Nz[t8:9DQIJ9}[t8:9Ch rU\=Af DFMWPQAH;6MO9PQAHGCIJ]8TGHAH]YGy85P@AKJM:9DQ]YMGCAH9YMO9U\=QArPQ8:N>KJ=@oz8:]8wKJ82{MO]Y;Z8:GCI%MOf N
PQA<KJM:9 2AC;Z8:N@AHNz[^AC92P@A =@DiAC]ENQM%T8 O
MO;6MAHNACK@GH8:9EMVPQAKS8:9NQAHaQ=@KJMO9E8:9DQKJ8:NQAC[^8:]EIJ8:9HhmKS8wApIJ9}[^AHN@GHIS8wPQAj=QN>DQ]YMGCAH9YMnP@ArApDc8:N@9EI%M:f N>?KJ8
9EACoO=Q]E8|D@]EAH9YAHNQGCIS8|AHN#KS8L;Z8y?OM:]ygf 8>P@AVKJMO9rGH8:9EM:9jPQA<AH9Y[E]EACKJKS8T9rPQAVNQAC=@[^]YMONQAH9l9Y=Q;XAC]EoOIRPc8:9rACN ACKJKJ8:9Hh
NQMO9]YAC:AHKS8=@Nc8GHMON@ApI%MOf NIRN\[EIJ;X8_ACNz[^]EA#KJ8x;Z8m[^AH]YIS8_UW=@A*{MO]E;X8xKS8 NQAHaQ=@KJMO9E8GHMON ACKrDiACGH=QKRIS8:]
MOaWdYAp[^M IJNz[^AC]EIJM:]H*9}[^MDc8T]EAHGCAZ9YAH]nDQ]E=QACac8x9Y=@cGHIRAHNz[^AXPQA6UW=@AZKJM:9 lAH;X8:NQACN\[EAH9nPQA =QDiAC]ENQM%T8
9EAX{MO]E;X8:NPQ=Q]^8TN\[EA*KJM:9nWIJM:KJAHNz[EMO9LD@]EMWGHAH9YMO9>U\=QA*;X8:]YGy8:NAHK-cNc8:KPQA*KJ8#WIJPQ8xPQAZKJ8:9nAH9Y[E]EACKJKS8T9
;X8:9EIs:8T9<`
v K-KS8:9jADQKJMO9YIJMON@AH9lPQA<9E=QDFAH]YNQM%T8@
=c8:N@PQM KS8AC9Y[^]YAHKRKS8 9E={]EA 9E= GC]EIJ9YIJ9ACNQAH]YoACf [EIJGH8 QNc8:K hn=QN N5=Qf GCKJAHMGHMO;6DQ=QAC9Y[^M DFMO];X8T[^AC]EIJ8
AHN@AH]EoACf [^IRGy8:;6AHNz[EAxIJN@AH]Y[EA:hr9YA :A08yOMWGy8:Pc88=QN IR]E]YAH;6AHPQIJ8:aQKJAD@]EMWGHAH9YMPQA IJ;6DQKJMO9YI%MOf N IRNz[^AH]YIJMO]
U\=QAZGC=c8:NQP@MKS8:9nPQACNQ9EIRPc8:PQAC9>N\=QGHKRAy8:]YAH99YA*8:D@]EMyIJ;X8:N8 =QNT8:KRMO]<GH]Hgf [^IRGHM_9EAZ{]YAHNc8_PQAZ9i=@f aQIR[EM
oOACNQAH]E8:NQPQM=@Nc8xMONQPQ8 PQAXGtQMU\=QAZUW=@A*ApDQ=QKR9^8 WIRMOKJACN\[^8:;6AHNz[^A6KS8:9nAHNz:MOKR[E=Q]^8:9LPQAZKJ8_AC9Y[E]EAHKRKS8@
IJGtQ8:9AHNz:MOKR[E=Q]^8:9-ACN69Y=OAHKRMOrWIS8edYAjQ8:GHIJ8V8T{=QAH]E8AHNQGC=QAHNz[E]^8:N6AHN69E=|Gy8T;XIRNQMKS8w;Z8T[EAH]YIS85IRN\[EAH]u
AH9}[^ACKS8:]ChACN*KS8<U\=QAAH9}[t8:aQ89E=Q;6IJPQ8<[EMPc8nKS8nAH9Y[E]EACKJKS8hW9Y=@{]EIRAHNQP@M=QNZWIRMOKJACN\[EMLD@]EMWGHAH9YM>PQA2{]EAHNQ8:PQM
U\=QADQ=QACPQA#IJNQGC]EAC;XACN\[^8:]>9Y=[^AH;6DFAH]^8m[^=Q]E808:KoO]E8:PQM09Y=@cGHIRAHNz[^ADQ8:]^8IRNQPQ=QGCIJ]>KJ88:Dc8:]YIJGCI%MOf NPQA
DQ]YMGCAH9EM:9LN\=QApOMO9nPQA{=Q9EIyMOf NBN\=QGHKRAy8:]V?0U\=QA|AHNKJMO95AH9Y[^8:Pgf MO9<; 8:f 9[^8:]EP~gf MO9VPQA|KJ8*ApDQKJM:9EI%M:f N9YMON
9E=cGHIRAHNz[^AC9Dc8T]^8<;Z8:Nz[EAHNQAC]KS8V;Z8m[^AH]YIS85IRMONQIRy8:Pc8P@A2;6MWPQMVU\=QAwAC;XIs[t8KJ8:9Gy8T]^8:Gp[^AH]Hgf 9}[^IJGH8:9-K gf NQAy8:9
MOaQ9YAH]}:8TPc8:9-AHN|[^MWPc8:9KJ8:9{b8:9EAC9-PQAlKS8:9]YAHoOIRMONQAH$9 E,FCFt\KQGtQMWU\=QA2PQAlKS8:9ACNzOMOKs[^=Q]E8:9-PQAlKS8VAH9}[^]EACKJKJ8
GHM:NAHK;XACPQIJM6IJNz[^AC]EAC9Y[^ACKS8:]wPc8ZKR=Qoz8:]j[t8T;>aQIpACf NxDFMO]5GCMO;6DQKJA dHgf 9EIR;XM:9jDiMO]YGHAC9EMO9@IJPQ]YMPQIRNl8:f ;6IJGCMO9l8
KJM:9jDiACGH=QKRIS8:]YAH9rcKJ8:;XACNz[^MO9jMOa@9EAH]}T8:PQMO9lAHN_AH9}[t8:92AH9}[^]Y=QGC[E=Q]^8:9C
9Y[EALAC9EGHACNc8:]YIJM|AH92DQ]EACGHIR9^8:;6AHNz[^A<ACKUW=@ALKRAH9jPc8AHKN@MO;>aQ]YAnP@A lAH;X8:NQACNz[^AH92PQA =QDFAH]YNQM%T8@
K 2AC;Z8TNQAHNz[^AnPQA =QDFAH]YNQM%T8X;6AdYMO]jGCMONQMWGHIJP@M6AC9lKS8PQAHN@MO;XIRNc8:Pc8|2AHaQ=QKRMO9^8|PQACKr8:NQoO]YAdYM6AHN
KS8#GHM:NQ9Y[EAHKS8TGHI%M:f NPQACK MO]YM `:AH]QoO=Q]^8 @ zvp =DiACU\=QA Nc 8_ApW[^ACNQ9EIyMOf NAH9YDc8:GCIS8:K hNQM:9c8:a@KS8#PQA
=QNc8]EACGHIJACNz[^A {M:]E;X8:GHIyMOf N~ N Ap{AHGp[^MQhrGC=c8:NQP@M9EA Gy8:KRGH=QKJ8ACKl[EIJAC;XDFMBNQAHGCAH9^8T]EIJMDc8:]^8U\=QAxKJ8
;X8T[^AC]EIS8LAHN#KS8N@AHaQ=QKRMO9^8PQAC9EDQ=AHf 9lPQAVDc8:]}[^IR]rPQAV=QN#DQ=QNz[EM|?Z;XM%WIpACf NQPQMO9YA<8>KS8L:AHKRMGCIJPc8:PU\=QA<KRM
c8:GCAZ8TQMO]^8` @h 9 9YAHoO=@NQPQMO9LPQA68:]EGCM DFMO]<9EIRoOKJM\vw8:PQU\=QIJAC]^8#KS8:9VP@IJ;6AHNQ9YIJMONQAC9<MOaQ9EAC]YT8:Pc8T9LACNACK
DQ]YAH9EACNz[^A:h9EA2AHNQGC=QAHNz[E]^8U\=QA2KS8VApDQKRMO9EIyMOf N6PQAw9Y=QDFAH]EN@MeT8nUW=@AwKJ8<M:]EIJo:IJNQMVPQACaQI%M<f [^ACNQAH]KJ=@oz8:]c8:GCA
GHAC]EGH8XPQA 68 NQ MO9ChcAH92PQAHGCIJ]HhqACN [ACf ]E;6IJNQM:9jW=@;Z8:N@MO9HhF8:KR]EAHP@AHPQMO]lPQACK8 NQ M O #r7MO92]EACoOIJ9}[^]EM:9
QIR9Y[qM:f ]EIJGCMO9Hh:AHNDc8:]}[%gf GH=QKJ8:]KRMO9]EACoOIJ9}[^]YMO9QACGtQMO9DFMO]8:9}[^]cM:f NQMO;6MO9-QIRNQMO9l`KJMO9=Q]YMODFAHMO9AC9Y[t8Tac8:N
ac8edYM_AHK-DFAHN\=Q;>a@]^8:KAp{AHGC[EMxPQACK-MO9EGC=Q]^8:Nz[EIJ9E;6M#;XACPQIJApT8:K vhc8:aQKJ8:NP@A6KJ8#8:Dc8:]YIJGHIyMOf NBAHNAHK-GHIRAHKRM
VP
$!$* 'p
<
<
<
$
9
m4LMNO:P>Q<> h
8 TUM >Q<>
K
! /
+ ' K
MO;6DFMO9EIRGHI%M:f NUW=~gf ;6IJGy81K
K
K
! /
MO;6DFMO9EIRGHI%M:f NUW=~gf ;6IJGy81K h t MOKpAHf GH=@KS8:9j9YIJ;6DQKJAC9n`
+ ' K
K
K
1! /
MO;6DFMO9EIRGHI%M:f NUW=~gf ;6IJGy81K h[t_MOKpACf GH=QKJ8:9j9EIR;XDQKRAH9?*GHMO;6DQKJA dE8:9
+ ' K
K
K
1 ! /
+ ' K
!
K
/
+ ' K
K
+ ' K
! /
!#"%$
(+123y123H,6
@ 7(8*PQACNQ9EIRPc8:PBN\=Q;ACf ]EIRGy8*PQA=QNQ8#N\=QaFA;6MOKJACGH=QKJ8:]wo:IJoz8:Nz[EA>AH9VPQA 1 1 ; / ym059Y=Q;6IJAHN@PQM
U\=QA6KS8N\=QaFAZAH9}[q8#f DQ]EIRNQGHIRDc8:KR;XACN\[EA>{MO]E;X8:Pc8DFMO]<;XM:KJAHGC=QKS8T9PQIS8m[qMOf ;6IJGH8:9PQA1EwIRPQ]cMOf o:AHNQMQh
PQAp[^AC]E;6IJNc8:]KS8PQAHN@9EIJPQ8:P P@An;X8:9E8|P@AnKJ8>N\=QaiAT
@ .2Nc86N@AHaQ=QKRMO9^8DQKJ8:NQAp[t8:]YIS8[^IRAHNQA<=QN_]^8TPQIJM|8:DQ8:]EACN\[EALP@A :#AC[^AC]E;6IJNc8TGHIJM:NQAH9rIRNQPQAu
DFAHNQP@IJAHNz[EAH9jPQAC;>=QAH9}[^]E8:N#UW=@AV9EAVAHN@GH=QACN\[E]^868:DQ]YM%IR;Z8:PQ8:;XACNz[^A8 8@ K PQAVKS8 jIJAH]Y]^8@
=c8TNQPQM9YAxMOa[^IJACNQA_AHKlAH9YDiACGC[^]YMPQA_KS8BKJ=Q#PQA_KS8BNQACaQ=QKJM:9^8D@]EM%OACNQIJACN\[EAxPQA =QND@=QNz[^M
9YIR[^=Q8:PQM 8 PQAC9EPQAXAHKGHACN\[E]EM 9EMOaQ]YAZ=QN@MxPQA6KJMO9<]E8:PQIJM:9Hh(9EAXMOaQ9EAC]YT8 KJ8_D@]EAH9YAHNQGCIS8_PQAZKJ8
K gf NQAH8XPQA)E2IJPQ]QMOf oOACNQM8:Ks{b8` ( " $ " vjPQMOaQKJ8:Pc8ZACN0PQMO9K gf NQAH8:9lOAHGCIJNc8T9VGHAHNz[E]^8:Pc8T9VAHN
KRMONQoOIs[^=QPQAC9rPQAnMONQPc8 h e 0w" ? h 0"
8@2=j8:f K(AH9l9E=_PQI%8Tf ;XAp[^]EMKRIJNQAH8:K
a Ap[^AC]E;6IJNc8:]KS8>OACKJMWGHIJPQ8:P#]^8:PQIJ8:KP@AnADc8:NQ9YI%MOf N_PQA<KS8NQACaQ=QKJM:9^8
GT,0w9E=Q;6IJACNQPQMU\=QAc8w;X8:Nz[^ACNQIJPQMwAH9}[t8w:AHKJMWGHIRPc8:P85KJM2KS8:]YoOM2PQA[^MWPc829E=WIJPQ8@h:GH8:KJGC=QKS8:]
9Y=xACPc8:P~
@ =c8TNQPQM6KS8KJ=Q<PQA<=QNQ8XAH9}[^]YAHKJKJ8|8T[^]E8%WIRAH9^8=QNQ8XN\=QaFALPQIs{=Q9^8hc8:KJo:M6P@An9Y=xKR=QVAH9w8:aQ9YMO]EaQIJ8
9YAHKJACGC[EIRT8:;6AHNz[^AVACN_WIJ]}[^=QP_PQA<KS8>ADQ]EAC9EI%M:f N~h
! ( ! ( $
<
;
<
#
M AC]E9Ch n
AHAC;XIRNQoQh Vh
>%_a` :?Y >%87j?>BACA AU;^_(4%` >%_e4%NiN\Q9` Q9_ _e4%`hQ9;[R Q9N\Q874?>ph:MONQAC9
8:NQP r8:]}[^KRAC[E[,/=Qa@KJIJ9YQAH]Ch MO9}[^MONh 9I
jQA DFAHN .wNQIsOAH]Y9EIs[ ?Oh Q9_ _e4%` 8i; _^4;^8if94%` >P4?W nQ%Y !#"5L%>P4%`UfP8i;X6 _^4 A%;^_e4%` >%_(4%NiN\Q9`
4CR98iMXch jQA DiACJ
N .wNQIsOAH]Y9EIs[ ?Oh
$ 9Y[^KRIJATh > 0sh8:NQPr8:]Y]EMOK h 5& % R'h
;oA%;^_a` :R9M j%_a87:<; _e:( :RX4%`U;)>%_a` :?Y >%87j?>ph=05PQPQIR9EMONWu
%AC9EKRAC?Oh
I GtQ+A *AC]Hh En
KJ9E8:9E9YAH]Ch ELFh ,P>%87j?>m:(T
_^4 Q9N\Q-)Q9;[RSAU;^_(4%` >%_e4%NiN\Q9`. Q9_ _e4%`h D@]EIJN@oOAH]u
-AH]YKS8:oQh AH]YK gf N~h
5
9I
%
*5
"!#
$&%(')%(*,+.-0/21435')687:9<;=%?>A@B;=9A-0%C7<-6>:+2%EDF'?%?;G-,>#@H1I>A+.J?/2-;=@?9:-,*0+.;=9K'?%B;4JB;=%?L?;G%?-,J?'?/21I><;MN'?;O7:9<;QPR+.-0S0;TL?-U?1=9:+.S,1I%C7<-V;WU?1I9:+2S01I%C7:-/X;YJZ1PI-,LB;*0-,/.-0>[7<-O\]$&/^1=J?>:-,9APO;=L?1I9_*Q;=>A'B;=/`@H1aL)9Qcb ;Y*01I%Rd
e '?%?L)+.9:/.;*01I%('?% e -,%f1Ib 3#-0%?1g;O7<3#1I> e -0b 9:+2*0143E;=b >0hi@Z-,9:1]*,'B;=%?L)1]>:-Y/X;41IJ?>A-09[P=;G@Z1=9#')%E@H-090cb 1aL)1
@?9A1I/.1I%)jC;=L?1T>A-@?'?-0L)-k;=@)9:-0*,+X;=9_MR')-Y>A-35'?-,P=-*01I% e 1=9:3#-V/.1TUB;O*0-0%l/X;O>K-0>A7:9:-,/./X;O>0h/.1TMN'?-L?-md
35'?-,>A7:9<;n>:'PI-09ALB;=L?-,9<;#%B;O7<')9<;=/2-0SQ;K*,-0/.-,>A7:-=\
$&%o35'a6KJ?'?-,%B;=>p*01I%?L)+.*0+21I%?-,>6_7<9<;O>p')%B;q1=J?>:-,9APO;=*0+Q1Ib %#L?-,7:-0%?+2LB;q-,> e ;Ob *0+./)%?1=7r;O97<;=35J?+s-0b %nMN'?-%?1
-0>>A+.3#@?/.-,3t-,%N7:-u'?%B;vJB;=%)LB;q/2'?3#+.%?1I>:;"U?1I3#1Ij-,b %?-Q;v>A+.%?1wMN'?-@Z1I>A-0-f'?%B;w+.%C7:9:+.%)*Q;=LB;x-,>A7:9:'?*s7<'?9:;)\
$&%(P=-0SkL)-W'?%?;)h`1IJ?>A-09[P=;O3t1I>nL?1=>tJB;O%?LB;=>t/.'?3#+.%?1=><;=>5MN'?-WS0+2jISQ;=j=-Q;=%y6y*01I9A9:-,%E@B;=9:;=/.-,/X;=>,hp6
MN'?-V-0%l;=/2jI'?%?1=>5@?'?%C7<1=>K@B;=9:-,*0-,% e '?%)L?+.9A>:-4z{PI-095|?jI'?9<; }a\~s\4;=/2jI'?%B;O>7<9A+.J?')>5@?9:+23t+7<+P=;O>0h
-0>[7r;=>K*0;=9<;O*,7<-,9Qcb >A7<+2*Q;=>_@Z-,*0'?/2+X;=9A-0>_/2-3#-09:-,*0+2-09:1=%-0/^%)1I35J?9A-V;T-0>[7r;-0>[7<9:')*,7<')9<;L?-VC$&>:@)+.%B;=S,1
L?-V/.;1R*rU?-0?\8D1=>KjI9:+2-0jI1I>_MR')-Y-,>A7<;=JB;=%y35')6]LB;=L?1=>t;T-,/.-sP=;O9n;=/^*,+.-0/21/X;=>_U?+.>[7<1I9A+X;=>5L)-V>:'
3#+27<1=/.1Ij?cb ;#/.;*09A-Icb ;O%g-,/&9:-0>A'?/27<;=L?1L?-,/&L?-09A9<;=3t;=3#+.-0%C7:1VL?-n/X;/.-,*rU?-n3o;7<-09A%B;VL?-#-,9<;)h-0>A@Z1=><;
L?-o-0'?>,h*,'B;=%?L)1k;=/2+.3#-0%C7r;OJB;V;=/&+.%)><;=*,+X;=J?/2-_6 e '?-,9A7<-#-09<;O*0/.-,>0\t"L?-,3;=b >w/.;*,1I%?>A+.L?-,9<;=JB;O%g-,/
*Q;O3t+2%?1x;"7:9<;QP-0b >L?-,/?*0'?;=/a7:9<;=%?>A+27<;=JB;=%5/21I>L)+.1I>A-0>UB;O*0+X;-0/a7:9:1I%)1xL?-0/aL?+.1=>3o;Q6=1I90hN-,'?>0\"35J?;=>
9:-,@?9:-,>:-,%N7<;=*0+21I%?-,>/.-p3t-,9:-,*0+.-,9:1I%_;"-0>[7r;@B;=9A7:+.*,'?/X;=9-,>A7<9A'?*,7:'?9<;x*,-0/2-0>A7:-^-,/a%?1=35J?9:-pL?- "! # !% $'&)(*!
1,+ !.-/!102"! MN'?-;='?%Y>:+2jI'?-v>A+.-0%)L?1t'a7<+./2+.S0;=L?15-,%W-,/F@?9:-,>:-0%C7:-=\
B'i-xb >A1I/.1K*,1I%-0/ ;OL)PI-,%?+.3#+.-,%N7:1KL?-0/Z7<-0/2-0>A*01I@?+21K-0%">[7<9A1I%?1I3Wcb ;)hR*01=4% 3q;=/2+./2-01?hNMN'?-v/X;qPI-09ALB;=L?-,9<;
%B;O7:'?9<;O/.-0S0;5L?-w/X;_5cb ;5Dq;=b *s7<-Q; e '?-wL?-sPI-,/X;=LB;a\& 3#-0L)+X;=L?1=>`L?-0/>:+.j=/.61 5 7*783q;O/.+./2-01q%?1=7B1#b MN'?-w/21
MN'?-`@B;O9:-0*=cb ;>:-09'?%B;"%N'?JH-^>A-`9:-sPI-0/.;=JB;x;f7<9:;P&-,b >&L?-0/N7<-,/.-0>A*01I@)+.1"*,1I3#1"'?%5*,1I:% 9A'?%C7:1v+.%?%N'?3#-09:;=J?/.L?-w-0>[7<9A-0/./.;=>u35')6L^-0b J?+2/.-,>`6;=@?9A-,7r;OLB;=>0\
;x-0>A@?'i-,b >L)-&/X;`@?+21I%?-09:;`1IJ?>A-09APO;=*,+1Ib %wL?
- 3w;=/2+./.-,1?h0>?1Ib /.1^UB;=>A7<;u3t-,L?+X;=L)1I> L?-,/I>:+2jI/.<1 5 7=7*7Z;=@B;=9A-0*0+2-09A1I%
/X;O>^@?9A+.3#-09<;O>`@?9:1=@?'?-0>[7r;=>u9A-Q;=/ cb >[7<+.*0;=>^L)-x/.15MN'?-xP=-09ALB;=L?-,9<;=3#-0%C7<-w-,9<;5/X;qPZcb ;KDq;=b *,7:-Q;)>\ 7 %?3t;=%N'?-,/
?w;=%C76A@uU?1I3t;=>>B]9A+.jIUC7p@?9:1=@?'?>:+2-09A1I%o@H1I9&@?9A+.3#-09<;xP=-0S"MN'?--0>[7r;q@Z-,*0'?/2+X;=9&I%N'?JH-L?--,>A7:9:-0/2/X;=>A
9:-,@?9:-,>:-,%N7<;=JB;'?%8j=+.jC;=%C7:-0>:*,1T>:+2>A7:-03t;WL?+2>:*01=+.LB;=/L?-o-0>A7:9:-,/./X;O>_;=/pMN'?-@H-09[7<-0%)-0*=cb ;k%N'?-0>[7<9A,1 Ca1I/ h
MN'?-q1a*,'?@B;=JB;K>A'W*,-0%C7<9A1?\
D;=>F+.L)-Q;=>F@?9A+.3#-09:;=> L?D- ?w;=%C7F6 Bg9:+2jIUC7 e '?-09A1I%w9<;O7:+2|B*0;=LB;=>@Z1I9F-,/I-0>[7<'?L)+.1fMN'?-U?+.S,1u-0/N;=>[7<9B1=b %?1I3#1
+.%)jI/s-,b > B +2/./.+.;=3 -09A>:U?-,/./pUB;=*,+X;Y|?%B;=/.-,>_L?-,/i3#+.>A3t1Y>:+2jI/.1)hL?-t/X;YL?+.>[7<9:+2J?'?*,+1Ib %GL?-o/.;=>q-0>A7:9:-,/./X;O>
>:1=J?9:-t/X;Kcb ;WDq;=b *s7<-Q;a4\ E^1I%]-,/p1=%J 9A-,7:+2PI1WL?-#L?-,7:-09:3#+.%?;=9w/X;L?+.>[7<9:+2J?'?*,+1Ib %4-0%]-0/-0>A@B;=*0+21kL?-#/X;O>
-0>[7<9A-0/./.;=>`MN'?-w@H-09A7:-0%?-,*Icb ;=%Y;5/XF; 3w;=/XH; G)+.;)ha-09A>:U?-,/./ /.;_L?+Pa+2L?+1_b -0%'?%*01IH% 9A'?%C7<1nL?-w;=/29:-0L)-0L?1I9^L?} 9A-0jI+21I%?-0>&>A1IJ?9A-/.;=>&*0'?;=/.-,>p9A-Q;=/2+.S,1x*01I%C7:-01I>pL?-f/X;=>&-,>A7:9:-0/2/X;=>*01I%#L?+.>[7<+2%N7:1I>&J?9A+././21I>;O@B;=9:-,%C7<-0>,\
E^1I%y/.1=>_>:')@?'?-0>[7<1I>nL?-VMN'?-7:1aL?;=>_7<-,%Fc b ;O%-0/^3#+.>A3t1kJ?9:+2/./.1Y+.%C7:9Qc b %)>:-0*,1lz 3t;=jI%?+7<'?L];=J?>A1I/.')7<;Csh
L?-MR')-_%B;=L?;#@H1aL)9Qcb ;n-0%C7:9:-_-,/./.;=>u6%?1I>:1O7<9:1=>";=J)>:1I9AJZ-,9"/X;n/.')SqMN'?--03#+27Qcb ;=%V6MN'?-_>A'TL?-,%?>:+2LB;=L
-0%Y-0/-,>:@B;=*,+.1Wz L)-0%?>A+.LB;=LYPI1I/2'?3y-,b 7<9A+.*0;Ci-09:;#*,1I%?>[7r;=%C7<-q-0%Y/.1=>/ cb 3#+27:-0>^MN'?-q>:')@Z1I% cb ;KL?-,|?%?+.L?1=>f6
*01=%?1a*,+.L?1=>x@B;=9:;o-0/>A+.>[7<-03t;)h-09A>:U?-,/.//2/.-,j1b ;/.;o*01I%)*0/.')>:+1=b % hZ6I;+2%C7<'?+2LB;o@H1II9 ?w;=%C7x46 B]9A+.jIUC7Qh
L?-vMN'?-v/.;=>^-,>A7<9A-0/2/X;=>`L)-v/X;5cb ;5D;=*s7<-Q; e 1=9:3t;=JB;=%')%Y>A+.>[7<-03t;_-,% e 1=9:3t;_L?-vL?+2>:*01)h)*0-,%C7<9<;OL?1n-0%
-0J/ CR1I/ 6V*0'a6I1#L?+;=b 3#-,7:9:1K>A'?@Z-,9<;=J?;#-,%W'?% e ;=*s7<1I9uL?- -0/ PO;=/21I9`L?-w>:'YjI9A1I>:1I9,\
K>:;=%?L?1K3#L- 9A1=9:-0>p7a-,b *0%?+2*Q;=>^;=>A7:9:1I3y-,b 7:9:+.*0;=>i6#-,>A7r;OLFc b >[7<+.*0;=>^@H-09A15*01=%?>:-,9APO;=%?L?1K/.;3#-,7:1aL?1=/.1Ij?c b ;vL?-,9:>AU?-0/2/ h'?%G>:+.j=/.13E;=b >x7r;O9:L?N- MI;=*,1IJ?'?6> E"O\ ?w;=@)7<-s6R% h*01I%?*,/.')6^1Yb MN'?-t-,/&>:+2>A7<-,3o; e 1I9A3o;OL?1V@Z1=9
/X;O>-0>[7<9:-,/./.;=>PR+.>:+2J?/.-,>>:1=J?9:-f/X;"5cb ;vDq;=b *s7<-Q;ahI7<-0% cb ;x/X; e 1=9:3t;xL?-u'?%B;v-0> e -09:;q35'a6K;=*rUB;7r;=LB;v>A+.%n'?%
/ cb 3t+7<-iL?-,|B%)+.L?1q6n-0%o/.;qMN'?-/X;wL?-,%?>:+2LB;=LoL)--,>A7<9A-0/2/X;=>*Q;)cb ;q;=/FH~ P L?->:'#PO;=/.1I9&*,-0%C7<9:;=/z *0-,9:*0;=%B;
;=/8Ca1I/{q;k'?%B;TL)+.>A7<;=%?*,+X;kL?-,/`3#+.>:3#1kL)-'?%?1I> Q:RTS \4$%y-,>A7<-V>A+.>[7<-03t;)h6];TL?+ e -09:-,%?*0+.;kL?-V/21
-0%)*01I%C7<9:;=L?1q@Z1=9i-09A>:U?-,/./ hC-,U/ Ca1I/B%?1w1R*0'?@?;=JB;w@?9:-,*0+.>:;=3#-0%C7<-f-0/B*,-0%C7<9A1_L?-f/.;xL?+.>[7<9:+2J?'?*,+1Ib % hC@H-09A1
>:-w-,%?*01I%C7:9<;=JB;K*,+.-09[7r;=3#-0%C7:-v35')6*,-09A*Q;nL?-T-0b /p"z V WRTS >:1IJ?9A-v-0/F@?/.;=%?1KL?-v>A+.3#-,7:9Qcb ;q6VA; X WRYS L?-,/
*0-,%C7<9:1#3#-0L?+2L?1n>:1IJ?9A-wL?+.*rU?1n@?/.;=%?1Nm\
D;8+.3E;=b jI-,%EMN'?-T7<-,%Fcb ;O3t1I>tL?-T/.Z; 3q;O/X:; Ga+X;ah`*01I3#18'?% >A+.>[7<-03t; e '?%)LB;=3#-0%C7r;=/23t-,%C7<-T*,-0%C7<9:;=L?1
-0%l-0/[CR1I/qz /21GMN'?-YL?-,>:L?-Y-0/u@?')%N7:1gL)-YPR+.>[7r;4;=>[7<9:1 e cb >:+2*01@B;O9:-0*,-W*,1I3#@?/.-s7r;=3#-0%C7<-;O9:J?+7<9<;O9:+.1Csh
*Q;O35J?+1qb 9<;OL?+.*0;=/.3#-0%C7<-L?-,>:@?'i-,b >uL?-"/21I>p-0>A7:'?L?+21I>^L?-/X;qL?+.>[7<9:+2J?'?*,+1Ib %#L?-"*'?b 35'?/21I>jI/.1IJ)'?/X;=9A-0>MN'?UB;=90cb ;K6C;J?+2-0%W-0%C7<9:;=L?1-,/>A+.jI/2\1 5]5z[1~ ^)~ d<~ ^)~ ^C`;=9:/21 _`CaUB;=@)/.-,6=\ CRUB;=@?/2-,6IhH-0%k'?%B;o@?9A+.3#-09:;
;=@?9A11 G)+23o;O*0+1=b %;=/x@)9:1IJ?/2-03t;]>:-@)'?>:1y-0% /.;g7r;=9A-Q;L?-L?-s7<-,9:3#+.%B;=9t/X;]L)+.>A7<;=%?*,+X;;8/X;gMR')-G>A-0%)*01I%C7<9:;=JB;=%n'?%K*,-0%C7<-,%B;=9&L?-^*'?b 35'?/21I>jI/.1IJ)'?/X;=9A-0>L?-0>AL?-f-0a/ Ca1I/ \$&>A7:1v/.1"*,1I%?>A+.jI'?+Q1xb 1IJ?>A-09[P=;O%?L?1
/X;]PO;=9A+X;=*,+1Ib %EL?-0/xJ)9:+./2/.18L)-4;=/.jI')%B;=>L?-4/.;=>-0>[7<9A-0/./.;=>MN'?-4@H-09A7:-0%?-,*Ib ;=% ;O/x*'?b 35')/.1?b\ E^+.-,9A7<1=>
7<+2@Z1=>oL?--,>A7<9A-0/2/X;=>oPO;=9A+X;=J)/.-0>,hu*01I3#1/X;O>o-0>[7<'?L)+X;=LB;O>V@Z1Ic9 CaUB;=@?/2-,6=h@?c 9A-0>A-0%C7r;=% '?%B;8*,1I%?1R*0+2LB;
*01=9:9:-,/X;=*,+1Ib %-,%N7:9:--0/@Z-,9Qcb 1aL?1#L?-wPO;=9:+.;=*0+Q1Ib %L?->A'kJ?9A+./2/.156>:'k/.'?3#+.%?1=>:+.L?;=LV+.%C7<90cb %?>A-0*0;)\^ -0>[7r;
*01=%?'- Ga+1=b %>:-/.;W*01=%?1a*,-*01=3t1T9A-0/.;=*0+Q1Ib %]@H-090cb 1RL?1Od /2'?3#+.%?1I>A+.LB;OL h 6]-,>5J?+2-0%8*,1I%?1R*0+.L?;kL?-0>AL?-V/.1=>
-0>[7<'?L)+.1I>vL?-n-0%?9A+.-s7:7r;VDF-0;PR+7:7q;@?9A+.%?*,+.@?+21I>"L?-,/>:+2jI/.N1 5
55d\ E^1I%?1R*0+.L)1V-0/@H-090cb 1RL?1L?-n;=/2jI'?%?1=>
^
F
I
Cmulos observados
Posicin relativa
del Sol
Centro inferido de la distribucin
de cmulos
~
ABULTAMIENTO
CENTRAL
Posicin
del Sol
8 Kpc
DISCO GALCTICO
Centro
galctico
2 Kpc
Disco delgado
Disco Grueso
50 Kpc
HALO
GALCTICO
I
~I~
!#
$
" &%'(
*),+
0/
21
3
.-
5476
8:9;8
+=<?>
@ 4BAC476
D4
04
E<
476HG
I476EG
J476LK MN+JOQPSRTG
U476K +WVXG
'F
~
./ 1=j
8/.1Ij
$&%_PR+.9[7<'?L5L)-^-0>[7r;xL?-s|B%?+2*0+1=b %_@?'?-,L?-`L?-,*0+29:>:-iMN'?-`%N'?-0>[7<9A1Ca1I/N7<+.-,%?-^')%B;"3#-,7r;O/.+.*,+.LB;OL
hO/X;=>-0>[7<9:-,/./.;=>*,1I%5'?%K3#-0%)1I9*,1I%C7<-,%?+.L?1"L?-^3#-,7<;=/.-,>MN'?-`-,/R7:+.-,%?-0%53#-,7<;=/.+2*0+2LB;=L?-,>0h
6;=MN'?-,/./.;=>u*01I%Y*01=%N7:-0%?+2L?1I>f3E;=b >f;=/27:1I>`>A1I%Y7<;=/.-,>fMR')\
D;=>&L?+ e -09:-,%?*0+.;=>-,%#-,/B*01I%C7:-0%?+2L?1vL?-f3t-s7r;=/2-0>-0%C7<9A-/.;=>-,>A7<9A-0/2/X;=>>A-fL?-0JH-0% e '?%?LB;O3t-,%N7<;=/.3#-0%C7:-u;
/X;*01I3#@H1I>:+2*0+1=b %qMN' cb 3t+2*Q;fL?-^/.;%N'?JH-`L?-i/X;fMR')-`>:- e 1I9:3t;=9:1=% hO-,%5@B;=9[7<+2*0'?/.;=9;">:'53t;Q6I1I91"3#-0%?1=9
*01=%N7:-0%?+2L?1YL?-t-,/.-,3t-,%N7:1I>q@Z-,><;=L?1=>0c\ Ca;=JZ-,3t1=>qMN'?-t/.1I>v3E;=b >w/.+PR+X;=%?1=>v-0/.-,3t-,%C7<1I>,h+.L?9?1Ib jI-0%)16
-,/.+21 e '?-09A1I%G*09:-0;=L?1I>w-,%G/21I>v@?9A+.3#-09:1=>x3t+2%N')7<1I>"L?-0/&'?%)+2PI-,9:>A1?\nDF1I>v-0/2-03#-0%C7<1I>v3E;=b >x@H-0>:;=L?1I>,h
MN'?-u;=U)1I9<;+.%C7<-,jI9<;=%/X;f3o;Q6=1I9Qcb ;L?-i%R')-0>A7:9:1I>*0'?-,9:@H1I>6qL?-0/R@?/.;=%?-,7<;-,%KjI-0%?-,9<;=/ hO>A- e 1I9A3o;=9A1I%q-0%
-0/N>A-0%?1xL)-i/.;=>-,>A7:9:-0/2/X;=>,\DF1I>@?9A1a*,-0>:1=>-,P=1I/.'a7<+2P=1I>L?-i-,>A7<;=>t'?b /7<+.3t;=> >A1I%_*0;=@B;=*,-0>L)-p7:9<;=%?>A@Z1=9A7r;O9
/.-,%C7r;=3#-0%C7<-#/.1=>q-,/.-,3t-,%N7:1I>q@Z-,><;=L?1=>_>:+2%C7<-,7:+.S0;=L?1I>q-0%8>A']+2%N7:-09A+.1I9wUB;=>[7r;Y-0/3t-,L?+.1Y+.%C7:-09:-,>A7:-0/X;O9
L?-,/MN'?-K3;Ob >"7r;=9AL?-5>A- e 1I9:3t;=9B;Ob %k1=7:9<;=>x-,>A7:9:-0/2/X;=>,\q$%4-,>A7<-K-,>:*,-0%B;=9A+.1?h@Z1RL?-03#1I>xL)-0*0+29xMN'?-K/X;O>
-0>[7<9A-0/./.;=>"3E;=b >x@)9:+.3#+27:+2PO;=>uMN'?-K')7:+./2+.SQ;O9:1I%Y/X;o3t;O7:-09:+.;tL?+29:-,*,7r;O3t-,%N7:- e 1I9A3o;OLB;o-0%-,/ ^+2jOd ^;=%?j?h
*01=%N7:-0% cb ;=%835'a6g@H1R*01T1T%?;=LB;kL?-t-0/2-03#-0%C7<1I>@Z-,><;=L)1I>n-09:;=%8-0>[7<9A-0/./.;=>;=/27<;=3t-,%C7<-#@Z1IJ)9:-0>_-0%
-0>[7<1I>-0/2-03#-0%C7<1I>z >A'83t-s7r;=/2+.*,+.LB;=L-,>535')64J?;H9:;)h
\YD;O>_-0>[7<9A-0/./.;=> e 1I9:3t;=LB;O>
3E;=b >9A-0*,+.-0%C7:-03#-0%C7<-Oh MN'?-5')7:+./.+2SQ;=9A1I%@B;=9[7<-_L)-_/X;n3t;O7<-,9:+X;n'- Ga@H-0/2+.LB;#@Z1I9/X;O>"@?9A+.3#-09<;O>L)-0>:@)'^-0b >
L?->:'o@)9:1R*0-0>A15-,P=1I/.'a7<+2P=1_>A-PR+.-,9:1I%t-0%?9A+.MN'?-0*,+.LB;O>^*01=%o/.1=>i9A-0*0+s-0b % e 1I9:3t;=L?1I>-,/.-03#-0%C7:1I>i@H-0>:;=L?1I>,h
6#@?9:-,>:-,%N7<;=%@Z1=9i7r;O%N7:15;=/7r;=>p3#-,7r;O/.+.*,+.LB;OL?-0>z
~s\ CR-"UB;=J)/X;_;O>Qcb L?-x/X;q'- Ga+.>[7<-,%?*0+.;_L?-"L)1I>
7<+2@Z1=>- GR7<9:-,3t1=>"L?-@Z1IJ)/X;=*,+.1I%?-,>f-0>A7:-0/.;=9:-,>_^/.;#L)-0%?1I3#+.%?;=LB; 1IJ?/.;=*0+Q1Ib 4% 7rh;#/X;nMR')-_@H-09A7:-0%?*,-0%
-0>[7<9A-0/./.;=> 9?1=b P=-0%?-,>"*01=%W'?%k;=/27:1K*01I%C7:-0%?+2L?1tL)--,/.-03#-0%C7:1I>f@Z-,><;=L?1=>_z %N'?-0>[7<9:1 Ca1I/F-,>'?%?;#L?-q-0/2/X;=>
@H1I9L- 9A-03#@?/21N6 1IJ?/.;=*0+Q1Ib A% 7*7rhR;w/X;wMR')-@H-09[7<-0%)-0*0-,%V-0>[7<9:-,/./.;=>&Pa+2L- 9:;=>pL?-35')6nJB; 9:;q3#-,7<;=/.+2*0+.L?;=L \
D;V3t-s7r;=/2+.*0+2LB;=LWL?-n/X;=>v-,>A7<9A-0/2/X;=>vL?-,/L?+2>:*01 9A1PI-,%G6-,/&L?+.>A*01VPR+.)- 9A1?hF-0%G*01IH% 9A'?%C7<1?h1I>A*0+./.;o-0%C7:9:
V)\ "7<9:1vj=9:'?@H1vL?-`-,>A7<9A-0/2/X;=>,hC;x@?9:+23t-,9<;PR+2>A7r;x+2%?L?+2>A7<+2%?jI'?+2J?/.-Oh*01I%K3E;=b >JB; 9:;=>
3#-,7r;O/.+.*,+.LB;OL?-0>fz X
N@B;=9A-0*,-0%o@H-09[7<-,%?-0*,-09i;=/BL?+.>A*01?hN*,1I%?>A7:+27:')6I-,%?L?1_')%t>A+.>A7:-03t;
*01=%'?%jI9A1I>:1=9t*0;=9<;=*s7<-,9Qcb >[7<+2*01]L)~ Q:RYS h`MN'?-k>:-k*,1I%?1R*0-W*01I3#1]-,/L?+2>:*,18jI9:')-0>:1)h
-0%k*01I%C7<9:;=@H1I>:+2*0+1=b %k*01=%T-0/L?-0%)1I3t+2%B;=L?1#L?+2>:*01oL?-0/2jC;=L?1?h *,1I%?>A7:+27:'?+.L?1t@Z1=9/.;t>:')@Z-,9:@H1I>:+2*0+1=b %kL?-,/
L?+2>:*01KPR+.)- 9A1K6V-0/FL?+2>:*,I1 9A1PI-,% \
DF1I>-0>A7:'?L?+21I>"*,+.%?-,3;Ob 7:+.*,1I>fL?-0/L?+.>A*01tL?-0/2jC;=L?1kz MN'?-*01I%C7<+2-0%?--0/ ^ P L)-/.;#3t;O7<-,9:+.;#L?-,/L)+.>:*,1
jC;=/Q;=b *,7:+.*,1N@H-09A3t+7<-0%4-,%?*01I%C7:9<;=9w@B;=9:;V-0>A7:-t>A'?J?>A+.>A7:-03t;V'?%B;3o;=>:;7<1=7<;=/L?-#;=/29:-0L)-0L?1I9vL)N- X
~ -0% e 1I9:3t;oL?-K-,>A7:9:-0/2/X;=>6 y~ -0%4/X; e 1=9:3t;oL?-KjC;=>x6k@Z1=/2PI1)\D;/2'?3t+2%?1I>A+.LB;=L
7<1O7r;=/L?-5/.;#*,1I3#@Z1I%)-0%C7<-5L)-0/.jI;=LB;tL)-0/L?+.>A*01jC;O/;=b *s7<+.*,1t-,%T/X;#JB;=%?L?;;=S0')/`z /X;nJB;=%?LB;t-0%/X;nMN'?-03#+27:-v-0/O^^
<
<
<
A
%$
'&
)(
$
+*
A
#
<
<
"
,
,
.-
(
*
.-
(@
-
.-
/0(
+*
-
&
476LK
13254 76 6
&
8
:95;
F
5;
< 13254
=
A
I
~V
&
.-
<
=
<
F F
=
A
F F
.-
,
HL%.
%.
'!
&
&
~
D;v*01I3#@Z1=>:+.*,+1Ib %_MR' cb 3#+.*Q;xL)-u/X;=>&-,>A7<9A-0/2/X;=>&-,%#-,/B"J?')/27r;O3t+2-0%C7<1E^-,%C7<9<;O/?P=;O9Qcb ;xL)-0>:L)-'?%?;w@H1IJ?9A3#-,7r;O/.+.*,+.LB;OLTz
~iUB;=>[7r;_'?%?;535')6o;=/27<;z
~sha*01I%V'?%V@)9:1I3#-0L?+21_L?- h V)\
$&>A7:1o>:')jI+.-,9:-qMR')-/.;n+2%?3#-0%?>:;#3t;Q6I1I90cb ;KL?-q/X;=>f-0>[7<9A-0/./.;=>fL?-q-0>A7:-_>A'?J?>:+7<-,3o;nL?-q/X\; 3q;O/X:; Ga+X;5>A1I%
9:-,/X;O7:+2PO;=3#-0%C7<- 9?1Ob PI-0%)-0>uz %?1>:'?@H-09:;=9Qcb ;=%/21I>~ 3t+2/I3t+2/./21I%?-0>L?-^;%) 1I>0\$&>A7<1>:-PI-i;=@H16I;=L?1@Z1I9-,/
UB;=/2/X;=S,jI1q-0%>A'V+.%C7<-,9:+.1=9iL?-'?%B;_+2%?jI-,%N7:-x*Q;O%N7:+.LB;OLL?-"%N'?JH-0>u3#1I/2-0*0')/X;=9A-0>z MN'?-x@H1RL?9Qcb ;=%o>A'?3o;O9
;=@?9A11 G)+23o;OLB;=3#-0%C7<-T~ _@)9:1IJB;OJ?/.-,3t-,%N7:-9:-,>:@H1I%?>:;=J?/.-,>n@Z1I9_/X;;=@B;O9:+.*,+1Ib %]L?-V/X;=>_-0>A7:9:-,/./X;O>
3E;=b > 9?1=b PI-,%?-0>,\
D;3o;O><;V-0>[7<+.3t;=LB;tL?-0/;=J)'?/27<;=3t+2-0%C7<1t*0-,%N7:9<;=/ hF')7<+2/.+2SQ;=%?L)1o3y-,b 7<1RL?1I>v*,+.%?-,3;b 7<+.*,1I>0h;=>:*,+.-,%?L?-#;
~ 6>A' /.'?3#+.%?1=>:+.L?;=L(-,% /X;]J?;=%?LB;;=S,'?/"-,> V ~ hf/.18MN'?-kLB;8@B;=9:;]-0>[7<>:')J?>:+2>A7<-,3o;')%B;9<;=S 1Ib %3t;=><;o/2'?3#+.%?1I>A+.LB;OLk+.j='B;=/; V
h >:+23t+2/X;=9;o/.;o*01=3t@H1I%?-,%N7:L?-,/.jC;=L?;nL)-0/FL?+2>:*01)\
&
<
A
:95;
F
<
f1aL?-0;=%?L?1q-0/
!
<
=
A
!
$
" &%5
<
@
.-
A
.-
<
<
V +
~
z W;=>:>A+2PI- E^1I3#@B;=*s7q";=/21 vJ 9A-0*,7:>rmh1IJ 9A-,7<1=>q3t;=>A+2PI1=>0hF*01=3t@B;O*,7<1=>0h%N'?3t-,9:1I>A1I>v6@H1a*,1V/.'?3#+d
%?1I>A1I>0h=-0%5/.; e 1I9A3o;f@H1I9-)9A-03#@?/.1L?-i;=jI':9A-,9:1I>%?-0jI9A1I>0h=-0%B;=%?;=>9A1:9:;=>0hO-0%B;O%B;=>3t;=9A9:1I%?-,>uz *0'?-,9:@H1I>
*01=%g'?%?;=>n~ PI-0*,-0>q/X;V3t;=><;L?-,/&@?/X;O%?-,7<;69H'?b @)+27<-,9"6*,')6C;@?9:-,>:+Q1Ib %G6k7<-03#@H-09<;7<'?9:;+2%C7<-09A+.1I9"%?1
>:1=%Y>A')|B*,+.-0%C7:-0>@B;=9<;K-,%?*0-,%?L?-09f/21I>u@?9:1R*0-,>:1I>uL)- e ')>:+1=b %V%R')*0/.-0;=9rm\p$%/.;5>:-0*,*0+Q1Ib %L?-0L?+2*Q;=L?;#;K/.;
*0')9APO;YL)-t9A1=7r;=*,+1Ib %4L?-#/X;43w;=/X;HG)+.;oUB;=J)/X;=9A-03#1I>v'?%]@H1R*013;Ob >q-,%gL)-,7r;O/./.-K>A1IJ?9A-t-,>A7r;Y@Z-,*0'?/2+X;=9
*01=3t@H1I%?-,%N7:-wL?-w/X;A3w;=/X;:Ga+.;)\
$&%V>Qb %N7:-0>A+.>^6t>:'?3t;=%?L)15/.1I>^;=@H1I9A7:-0>`L?-"/.1I>iL?+.>[7<+.%C7:1I>^>A'?J?>:+2>A7:-03t;=>`jC;=/Q;=b *,7:+.*,1I>xz{6o>?1Ib /.1q7<-,%?+.-,%?L?1
-0%*,'?c -0%C7<;-0/L)-0J?+2L?1V;o/.;t3t;O7<-,9:+X;n/.')3t+2%?1I><;Iu@)'?-0L?-KL)-0*0+29:>A-5MN'?-5%N'?-0>[7<9:; 3q;=/.:; Ga+X;K7<+2-0%?-'?%B;
3t;=><;o7:1=7r;=/L?-#;=/.9A-0L?-,L?1I9xL?-\^ l~ hF/X;MN'?-n@B;=9A-0*0-n9A-0@?9A-0>:-,%C7r;=9;=@H-0%B;=>v-,/u~ P L?-n/.;
3t;=><;"7:1=7r;=/ h=MN'?-f@B;=9A-0*,--,>A7<;=9&-0%n>:'#3t;6=1I90cb ;"*01=%?*0-,%N7:9<;=L?;q-,%#/.; e 1I9A3o;xL?-u3t;O7:-09:+.;"1I>A*0'?9:;)\&D;
/.')3t+2%?1I>:+2LB;=Lw7<1=7<;=/RL?-u/X;
3q;=/.:; Ga+X;)h-0%K/.;"JB;=%)LB;v;=S0')/ hI;O>:*0+2-0%?L)-f;"/.1I> V X 5~ hI/.;MN'?9:-,@?9:-,>:-,%N7<;W;O@?9:11 Ga+.3t;=LB;=3#-0%C7:-_-0/ XC} P L?-K/X;o/2'?3#+.%?1I>A+.LB;OLkJH1I/.1I3-,b 7:9:+2*Q;Wz -0%7:1aLB;-,/-,>:@H-0*,7:9:1
-0/2-0*s7<9:1=3o;=j=%^-,b 7:+.*01Cs\iD;n1=7:9<;n*01I3#@Z1=%?-0%C7<-+.3#@Z1=9A7r;O%N7:-vL?-q/X;K-03#+.>A+1Ib %jC;=/Q:; b GR7<+2*Q;K/X;K*01=%?>A7:+27<'a6I/X;w-03#+.>A+1Ib %n-,%-0/ +.% e 9<;=9A9::1 9A1w@H1I9i@?;=9A7:-L?-,/Z@H1I/PI1q+.%C7<-,9:-0>[7<-,/X;=9,\"/B7<-,%?-09i-0>[7r;l'?b /7<+23o;x-,%o*0')-0%C7r;
-0%)*01I%C7<9:;=3#1I>u|B%B;=/23t-,%N7:-v@B;=9:;n/.\; 3q;=/.:; Ga+X;_')%B;K/.'?3#+.%?1=>:+.L?;=LJH1I/.1I3-,b 7:9:+2*Q;_L?- V X g~ \
%
]
J
I
:9 ;
F
-
.-
:9 =
8
:9 =
F
Q ! &Q
@H-0><;O9FL?-&MN'?-%R')-0>A7:9<;=>*,1I9A7<;=>F1IJ?>A-09APO;=*,+.1I%)-0>iz L?-,/I1I9AL?-0%wL?-u~ ;%? 1I><Z@B;=9A-0*,-0%q3t1I>[7<9:;=9:%?1=>
'?%B; 3q;=/.:; Ga+X;w+.%CPO;=9:+.;=J?/2-f6tMN'?+.-s7r;)hR-0/2/X;q9:-Q;O/.3#-0%C7<--0>`')%V-0%C7<-xL)+.%f;=b 3#+.*,1?\>CR'V;=@B;=9A-0%C7<-"MR')+.-,7:'?L
>:-nL?-,JZ-n;O/U?-0*rU)1WL?-nMN'?-n-0/7<+.-,3t@H1-,%g-,/MN'?-#;=*Q;=-,*0-,%g*0;=35J?+21I>x*01=%?>:+2L?-09:;=J?/.-,>v-0%G>:'G;=@B;O9:+d
-0%)*0+X;ah@)9:1RL?'?*0+2L?1I>v1IJCPR+X;O3t-,%N7:-n@Z1I9v*0;=35J?+21I>x-,%g/.;@H1I>A+.*0+Q1Ib %L?-,/ Ca1I/ hF>A1I%G35')6jI9:;=%?L?-,>tz L?-,/
1I9AL?-0%YL?-v*0-,%C7<-0%?;=9:-,>L?-w3#+./2/.1I%?-,>iL)-; %) 1I>ri*,'B;=%?L)1t/21I>`*01=3t@B;O9<;=3#1I>`*,1I%/X;5-0L?;=LWL)-v%R')-0>A7:9<;
-0>A@Z-,*0+2-=\p$&/Z-,>A7<')L?+.15L)-,7r;O/./X;OL?1_L?-/.1I>i1I%J 9A-s7<1I>`MN'?-"/X;*,1I%?>[7<+27:')6I-,%gz %N'?JH-0>0h)-0>A7:9:-,/./X;O>0hR*'?b 35'?/21I>r
%?1I>"9:-,P=-0/.;/X;t- Ga+.>A7:-0%?*,+X;L?-_'?%B;V;=jI+7r;=*,+1Ib %Y*01=%?>A7<;=%C7<-56W1I9:jC;O%?+.S0;=LB;ku7<1RLB;o/.;o3t;O7<-,9:+X;#-0%/.;
3w;=/X:; Ga+.;W-0>[7 ;
b 1I9AJ?+27<;=%?L?1-,%y7:1I9:%)1-0/`*,-0%C7<9A1Gj=-01I3y-,b 7:9:+.*,1TL?-V/.;T3t+2>:3t;)\4$&/`-0>[7<'?L?+214L?-V-0>[7r;
*0+2%?-03E;Ob 7:+.*Q;nL?-/X; 3w;=/.:; Ga+X;)hB-,/-,>A7<')L?+.1L)-_/X;O>P=-0/.1R*0+2LB;=L?-,>"I+2%?>A7<;=%C7 ;=b %)-Q;=>AL?-_/.;=>-0>A7:9:'?*s7<'?9:;=>
1IJ?>A-09[P=;OLB;=>MN'?-T@H-09[7<-,%?-0*,-0% ;]-,/./X;ah^/.-Y9:-sPI-,/X;8;=/;=>[7<9:1 e cb >:+2*01GL?-,7<;=/./2-0>#+.3#@Z1=9A7r;O%N7:-0>#>:1IJ)9:-T/.;
3t;=%?-09:;t*,1I3t1t-0>[7 ;b L?+2>A7<9A+.J?')+.LB;njI/.1=JB;=/.3#-0%C7:-q/.;t3t;O7<-,9:+.;#MN'?-5/.;t*,1I%?>A7:+27:')6I-_6W>:-@?9:-,>:-,%N7<;VL?jI9:;=%t+23t@H1I9[7r;=%?*,+X;"-,%o/.;wL)-,7<-,9:3#+.%B;O*0+1=b %#L)-/.;v'- Ga+.>[7<-0%)*0+X;qL?-/X;=>&3E;=b >@Z-,*0'?/2+X;=9A-0>*01=3t@H1I%?-,%N7:-0>,h
/X;3t;O7:-09:+.;1I>:*,'?9<;V6T-,/;=jI:' 9A-,9:1%?-,jI9:1>:')@Z-,9:3t;=>:+PI1YMR')-#@?;=9:-,*0-n9:-,>:+.L)+.9v-0%G-0/*0-0%C7:9:1k3#+.>A3t1
L?-w/XA; 3w;=/.:; Ga+X;)\
;O9<;-0>[7<'?L)+X;=9v-,/3t1PR+.3#+.-,%C7<1oL)-K*0'B;=/2MN'?+.-,9x1I%J 9A-s7<1?h -,>v%?-0*,-0>:;=9:+21Y@)9:+.3#-09A1L?-s|B%?+.9"-0/>A+.>A7:-03t;
9:-,>:@H-0*s7<1#;=/H*0'B;=/Z9:- e -09:+29:-,3t1I>i>:'V@H1I>:+2*0+Q1Ib %t6t-0/Z*Q;=35J)+.15L?-"/X;3#+.>A3o;q-0%V-,/Z7<+2-03#@Z1)\$&/>A+.>A7:-03t;
L?-V9A- e -09A-0%?*,+X;%B;O7:'?9<;O/^')7:+./.+2SQ;=L)1k-0%(;=>[7<9:1=%?1I3Wcb ;W-,>#;=MN'?-0/`MN'?-V7:+.-0%)-*01I3#11I9A+.jI-,%/X; @u+2-09:9:;
3#+.>:3t;)\ D;g@H1I>A+.*0+Q1Ib %lL?-k*,'B;=/.MN'?+2-09#*0'?-,9:@H18-0%E/X; 3w;=/.:; Ga+X;)hp-0%')%>:+2>A7<-,3o;G*0-,%N7:9<;=L)1-0%/.;
@u+.-,9:9:;)h^>A-W+2%?L?+.*0;@Z1I9n3#-0L?+214L?- V4*01R1I9AL?-0%B;OLB;=>kz -09n|BjI')9<; }a\ NW/.;L?+.>[7r;=%?*,+X;4MN'?-W%)1I>
>:-,@B;=9:;4L)-0/u*0')-09:@H14-0%l*0'?-,>A7:+.1I% z =sh/.;TC;=/27:'?9<;k;=%?jI'?/.;=9:3#-0L)+.LB;T>A1IJ?9:-V-,/u@?/X;O%?1jC;=/Q;=b *,7:+.*01
L?-,>:L?-/X;n@Z1I>A+.*,+1Ib %YL?-0/ Ca1=/1oD;O7<+7<'?L 3q;O/;=b *s7<+.*0;z s`6W-,/;=b %?jI'?/21?hB3#-0L?+2L?1o;n@B;=9[7<+29L)-/.;#/ cb %?-0;
MN'?-'?%?-f-0/UCa1=/B*01I%#-0/B*,-0%C7<9A1jC;O/;=b *s7<+.*,1v-0%#L?+.9A-0*,*0+1=b %#*,1I%C7<9:;=9:+.;q;v/.;=>&3o;O%?-0*,+././.;=>L)-0/ 9:-,/.1:9PR+.>A7<;
L?-,>:L?-t-0/%?1I9[7<-Wz L?-,>:L?-o;=/./ cb /X;V9A1=7r;=*,+1Ib %4jC;O/;=b *s7<+.*0;V>:-#9:-Q;O/.+.S0;V-0%]-,/>:-0%C7:+.L?1YL?-#/X;=>w3t;=%?-0*,+./2/X;=>
&
~X
Objeto estudiado
Rotacin Galctica
z
r
b
Sol
Centro Galctico
Ro
+ - + - ?+
.- .- .-
.-
-
.-
U)
U4
)
4
J)
- 4
.-
.-
~}
3#1PR+23t+2-0%C7<1#>:1I/.;=9-0>x>A+.%k-,35JB;=9AjI1?hH*01I3#1o-,/L?-/X;=>L?-03E;=b >-0>A7:9:-,/./X;O>-,%/X;N3q;=/.;:Ga+X;)h JB;O>A7r;O%N7:*01=3t@?/2+.*0;=L?1"6_L?+.>[7<+.%C7:1vL?-f/X;">A-0%?*,+././.;x+.3t;=jI-,%5L?-W1Ib 9:J)+27r;O>*0+29:*0')/X;=9A-0>@H-09 e -0*,7<;=>9:-,>:+.L)-0%C7<-,>p7:1aLB;O>
>:1=J?9:-q-0/@?/.;=%?1nL?-q>:+.3#-,7:9Qcb ;5L?-0/L?+2>:*01)\ 1=9-,>A7r;n9<;OSF1Ib % h >A-UB;#*01I%CP=-0%?+2L?1o/.;n'a7<+./2+.S0;=*0+Q1Ib %L?-q'?%
+.L)-Q;=/2+.SQ;OL?1_>A+.>A7:-03t;59:-,>:@H-0*,7:1#;=/MN'?-w>:-v3#+.L)-0%/.;=>^PI-,/.1R*0+2LB;=L?-,>`L?-v/X;O>`-0>[7<9:-,/./.;=>^PI-,*0+2%B;=>f;=/ Ca1I/ \
$&>A7:->A+.>A7:-03t;v>:-'?J?+.*0;q- G);=*,7<;=3t-,%C7<->:1IJ?9A-f-0/ @?/X;O%?1wjC;=/;Ob *,7<+2*01#z ;q'?%?;qL?+2>A7<;=%?*0+.;v+.jI'B;O/B;
/X;L?+.>[7r;=%?*,+X;">A1I/X;O9jC;=/Q;=b *,7:1a*H-0b %C7<9A+.*0; 63t1PR+s-,b %?L?1I>A-u-0%57:1I9:%?1w;O/)*0-,%C7<9:1vjI;=/;=b *s7<+2*01"*,1I%n9<;=@)+.L?-,S
*01=%?>A7<;=%C7<--0%#'?%B;G1Ib 9:J)+27r;x*,+.9A*0'?/.;=90\ -0>A7:-f>:-/.1v*01=%?1a*,-f*01I3#1v-0/UCa+2>A7:-03t;q$&>[7 ;=b %?L?;=9L?- -,@Z1=>:1
DF1a*0;=/z D1R*Q;O/OCR7r;O%?LB;=9ALW1 e f-0>A70h DJC "mhBMN'?-w@Z1I9u>A'kL?-s|B%?+2*0+1=b %Y-,>A7B;#b *0;=9<;=*s7<-,9:+.S0;=L?1n@H1I90h
%
]
J
I
U4
,),+
;x1I%?L)- f>:-q@?'?-,L?-q*01I%?>A+.L?-,9<;=9f*,1I3t1n/.;KP=-0/21a*,+.LB;=LV7<;=%?jI-,%?*0+.;=/FjC;=/.;=*,7:1a*H-0b %C7<9A+.*Q;5@)9:1I3#-0L?+21nL?/X;O>x-0>[7<9:-,/./.;=>xPI-,*0+.%?;=>q;=/>Ca1=/ \ ;x-s7<-,9:3#+.%B;=*,+.1I%)-0>"@)9:-0*,+.>:;=>wL?-K-0>[7r;*Q;=%C7<+2LB;=L4;=>A'?3#-0%G@B;=9<;-,/./.;
'?%PO;=/.1I9^-0>A7B;=b %?LB;O9L)-=h
Q
D;nP=-0/21a*,+.LB;=LYL?-/.1I>f*0')-09:@H1I>-0%T/.\; 3q;=/.:; Ga+X;59A-0/X;7<+2PO;n;=/JD C -0>*01I%)1a*,+.LB;n*01I3#1#/X;5PI-,/.1R*0+.L?;=L
@H-0*0')/.+X;O9`L?-0/F*,'?-09A@Z1n6V>A'?>*,1I3#@Z1I%)-0%C7<-,>5z
p-,>A7B;=b %WL?;=LB;=>f@H1I90h
'F
@
]^ Q
'F
~ Q
} Q
$&>^L?-,*0+290hR-0/ Ca1I/H-0>A7B;ob hR9:-0>A@Z-,*,7:1K;=/ZDC qhR;=>A*0-0%)L?+.-,%?L?1K9:-,>:@H-0*s7<1K;=/ L?+2>:*,1z shR3t1PR+s-,b %?L?1I>A/.-sPI-,3t-,%N7:-gU?;=*0+.;l;OL?-0%C7<9A1 z
t6 ;=L?-0/.;=%C7 ;=b %)L?1I>:-4'?% @H1a*,1(-,% >A' 3#1Pa+23t+2-0%C7<11=9:J?+7r;=/
z m\
$&%4*01I%:9A')%N7:1W-,/DCa1I/-0>A7B;b Pa+.;H9:;=%?L)1?hF9:-,>:@H-0*,7:1k;>A'?>w-0>[7<9:-,/./.;=>xPI-,*0+.%?;=>w;~ X 3 > -,%4'?%B;
L?+29:-0*,*0+Q1Ib %W+2%?L?+2*Q;=LB;n@H1I9 6 V hHU?;=*0+.;t/X;n*01=%?>A7:-0/X;O*0+1=b %WL?-_-,b 9:*0')/.-0>,\f -,>:-_@)'?%C7<1
+.3t;=jI+2%B;=9A+.1o-,%]-,/p-,>:@B;O*0+.1)hUB;O*0+X;-0/&MN'?-t@B;=9A-0*0-#L?+29:+.j=+.9:>A-K-0/ Ca1=/p>A-t/21*01I%?1R*0-#*01=3t1Y-0/"@H'- G
Ca1I/.;=90\$&/Z@?')%N7:1_*,1I%C7<9<;O9:+.1)hRL)-0/HMR')-"@B;=9A-0*,-x;=/2L- 9:;=9A>:-=hN>A-"/X;w/./.;=3t;x@Z1I9-,/Z*,1I%C7<9<;O9:+.1q-0/ %N7:+X;=@H'- G
Ca1I/.;=90\
'F
'F
0
'F
~
Objeto
Estudiado
l
Ro
Sol
Centro Galctico
J)
)
@
@
U)
) +
) +
%
]
J
I
~^
m B>:+.%
z }a\2~
z }a\
z m B*,1I>
T1Ob 7<-0>A-=hL?-0/";=%C7<-09A+.1I9o@B;=9L?-k9:-0/.;=*0+21I%?-,>0hfMN'?-'?%B;]P=-0S4+.%?L)+.*Q;OLB;]/X;g/.1I%?j=+27<')LEjC;=/Q;=b *,7:+.*0;gL?-,/
*0')-09:@H1t6>A'WL)+.>A7<;=%?*,+X;)h?6L?-,>:@?'i-0b >"L)-3#-0L?+29u/X;=>f*,1I3t@H1I%?-,%C7<-0>L?-q>:'YPI-0/21a*,+.LB;OLY9A-0>A@Z-,*,7<1;#/.;
@u+.-,9:9:;)h -0>"@H1I>A+.J?/2-v1IJ)7<-,%?-09>:'kP=-0/21a*,+.LB;=LW;=%?j='?/X;=9f9A-0>:@H-0*s7<1V;O/F*0-0%C7:9:1jC;O/;=b *s7<+.*,1?\ CR+>A-7:1I3o;O%
*0')-09:@H1I>V;G35')6lL?+PI-09A><;=>oL?+.>[7r;=%?*,+X;=>#U?-,/.+.1R*H-,b %C7<9:+2*Q;=>,h Rh`6(@H1I9#7r;=%C7<1];]L?+2>A7<+2%C7r;=>#L?+.>[7r;=%)*0+X;O>
jC;=/.;=*,7:1a*H-0b %C7<9A+.*0;=>0h whR>A-@)'?-0L?-"*01I%?>[7<9A'?+.9/X;w*0')9APO;L?-9:1=7<;=*0+Q1Ib %#jC;=/;Ob *,7<+2*Q;)h
wz wmhaL)-"jI9:;=%
+.%C7:-09R-,b >x-0%k-0/-,>A7:'?L?+.1oL?-_/.;tL?+2%f;=b 3#+.*Q;njC;=/Q;=b *,7:+.*0;)\D;O3t-,%N7<;=J?/2-03#-0%C7<-Oh35'?*rU)1I>xL?-/.1I>*0'?-,9:@H1I>
*0'a6C;KL?+.>[7r;=%)*0+X;5@)'?-0L?-v>A-09`| ;OJ?/.-,3t-,%N7:-v-0%?*,1I%C7<9:;=LB;Yz -,>A7<9A-0/2/X;=>,h)*'?b 3_'?/.1I>ijC;=/Q;=b *,7:+.*01=>0hR%?-0J?')/.1I>:;=>
L?+ e '?><;=><o-0>[7 ;=b % -0>A*01I%?L)+.L?1I>;/.;81IJ?>:-,9APO;=*,+1Ib % L?+29:-0*s7r;8@H1I9V- e -,*,7:1lL)-G/21I>@H1aL)-09:1=>:1I>V- e -0*,7:1I>
;=J?>A1I9:JH-0%C7:-0>nL?-0/i@Z1=/2PI1k+.%C7<-,9:-0>[7<-,/X;=9_6];=>0b %N'?-0>[7<9:;4- Ga@?/.1I9:;=*0+Q1Ib %8L?-o/X;k9A1=7r;=*,+1Ib %]jC;=/;Ob *,7<+2*Q;Y%?1
@?'?-,L?-K>:-,9x/./2-,PO;=LB;#3;Ob >x;=/2/;tb L)-5'?%?1I>"*0-0%C7:c -0%B;=9A-0>wL?-5@?;=9:>A-0*0>vL)-0>:L)-K-0>/ CR1I/ hZ/.1oMN'?-K9A-0@?9A-0>A-0%C7r;
'?%B; e 9:;=*0*,+1Ib %K3#+.%"'?b >A*0'?/.;L?-u/.;x*0'?9[PO;wL)-u9:1=7<;=*0+Q1Ib %57<1=7<;=/ \ ;=b >;OL?-0/.;=%C7<-`PI-,9:-,3t1I>&')%#3-,b 7:1aL)1v-0%
-0/MN'?-5')7:+./.+2SQ;=%)L?1n/X;t-,3t+2>:+Q1Ib %k-,% ~5*,3 L?-,/U)+.L?9?1Ib jI-0%)1%?-0'a7<9:1oMR')-5@?'?-,L?-n;O7<9:;QPI-0>:;=9xjI9:;=%?L?-,>
L?+2>A7r;O%?*0+.;=>-0%_-,/NL?+.>A*01jC;=/;Ob *,7<+2*01`6wMN'?-p'- Ga@?/21=7r;f/X;=>;=%C7:-09:+21I9:-,>9A-0/.;=*0+21I%?-0>%?1=>@H-09A3t+7<-*01=%?>A7:9:'?+29
/X;5*,'?9APO;nJ?'?>A*Q;=LB;a\
K%?;#;O@?9:11 Ga+.3t;=*0+Q1Ib % hR@Z-,9:3#+27:-"9:-,-0>A*09:+2J?+.9u/.;=>u;=%C7:-09:+21I9:-,>u9:-,/X;=*,+.1I%?-,>`@B;=9:;K-0/ *0;=>:1nL?-,/ -0>[7<'?L?+21nL?*0')-09:@H1I>x>A+27:'B;=L?1I>-0%T9A-0jI+21I%?-,>PI-,*0+2%B;=>v;=/ Ca1I/ hZ/.;=>MR')-_|B%B;=/23t-,%C7<-_@)9:1PI-,-0%PO;=/.+21I>:1I>f3y-,b 7:1aL?1=>
@B;=9:;KL?-,7:-09:3#+.%?;=9u-0/ PO;=/21I9`L?-w/X;O>u*01I%?>[7r;=%C7:-0> u6 Q\
Ca+HUB;=*,-03#1I>i/.;q>A'?@H1I>:+2*0+1=b %oL?-MR')-"-0/H*0')-09:@H1_-,>A7:'?L?+X;OL?15>:--0%?*,'?-0%C7:9<;5>:'a|B*0+2-0%C7<-,3t-,%N7:-x*0-,9:*0;=%?1
*01=3t1Y@B;=9:;YMN'?- 64>A+p>A'?@H1I%?-03#1I>qMN'?-o/.; e '?%)*0+1=b % wz wvPO;=90cb ;VI>:'?;P=-03#-0%C7<-,I*01=% 5h
@H1aL?-,3t1=>u-0>:*,9:+2J?+.9u/.;5'- Ga@B;=%?>A+1Ib %h
wz w
wz m
z r
E^1I%?>A+.L?-,9<;=%)L?1t>?1Ib /.1n/21I>^7a-,b 9:3#+.%?1=>uL?-w@?9:+23t-,9`1I9:L)-0% hB>A-1IJa7<+.-,%?-v/X;n;=@)9:11 Ga+.3t;=*0+Q1Ib % h
z <
-0%Y-0>[7r;#;=@?9A1 Ga+23o;=*,+1Ib %Gz&}R\2~i64zp}R\ ^>A-w9:-0-,>:*,9:+.JH-0%W*01I3#1?h
z
m)>A+.%
z
r)*01=>
-,9:1#-0>*0/.;=9:1KMN'?-q>:+
-0%C7<1I%)*0-0>
~v6V*,1I> ~wL?-wL?1I%)L?-=h
*01=> 4*01=> *,1I>
z
+
) +
+ ),+
&@
),+
U)
J),+
1G
) +
),+
J)
),+
) +
U)
) +
&@
),+
),+
J)
)
) +
)
)
+*G
U)
)
J)
J)
4
3
0o
3
45o
315o
Hacia el
centro
Galctico
Velocidad
relativa al Sol
90o
Sol
135o
270o
225o
1
2
180o
&
)
)
),+
),+
&
&
%
]
J
I
~
Velocidad
relativa al Sol
Velocidad
radial
90o
180o
270o
Velocidad
tangencial
+2jI'?9<;G}a\ }akD;4L?-,@Z-,%?L?-0%)*0+X;gL?-W/.;4P=-0/21a*,+.LB;=Ll9<;OL?+X;=/i67r;=%?j=-0%?*,+X;=/f*01=%E/X;/21I%?jI+7<'?LyjC;=/.;=*sd
7<1R*H-,b %C7<9:+2*Q;)\
PI-,/.1R*0+2LB;=LYL?-7:9<;=>A/X;=*,+1Ib %@H1I9/21tMN'?->:'YPI-0/21a*,+.LB;OLW9:;=L?+X;O/ 6Y7<;=%?jI-,%?*0+.;=/F>:-,9B;=b %k%R')/X;=>,\ 1I91=7<9A1
/X;OL?1k/.;=>_-,>A7<9A-0/2/X;=>*01I%/21I%?jI+7<'?L?-,>_jC;O/;=b *s7<+.*0;=>qL?- 6E~ @H1I9-0%?*,1I%C7<9<;O9:>:-V>A1IJ?9A-V-0/^3#+.>A3t1
9<;OL?+.1KjC;O/;=b *s7<+.*,15-0%Y-0/FMN'?-w9A-0>:+2L?-w-0O/ CR1I/ 7<+2-0%?-,%7<;=35J?+s-0b %P=-0/.1R*0+2LB;=L?-,>f9<;=L?+.;=/.-,>`%N'?/X;O>0h?@H-09A1#>A'?>
PI-,/.1R*0+2LB;=L?-,>7r;=%)jI-0%?*,+X;=/2-0>>:-09?;=b %K@H1I>:+7<+2PO;_z UB;=*,+X;/X;"+2S0MN'?+.-,9:LB;Ish=@?;=9<;"/.;"-0>[7<9A-0/./.;3E;=b >*,-09A*Q;=%B;w;=/
*0-,%C7<9:1KjI;=/;=b *s7<+2*01oz 6t%?-0jI;O7<+P=;oz UB;O*0+X;/X;L)-09:-,*rUB;C^@B;O9<;_/.;3E;=b >`;=/2L- 9:;=L?;z ~ s\$&%
@H1I>:+2*0+.1=%?-0>p+.%C7<-,9:3#-0L?+.;=>p/X;L)+.9:-,*0*,+1Ib %L)-x;=35J?;=>^*,1I3t@H1I%?-,%C7<-0>,ha7<;=%?jI-,%?*0+.;=/H6#9:;=L?+X;O/HL)-0@H-0%?L?-,9B; b
L?-q>:+/X;l1Ib 9AJ?+27<;KL?-/.;K-0>A7:9:-,/./X;K*,1I%?>:+2L?-09:;=LB;#-0>3o;Q6I1=91#3#-0%?1I9;n/X;l1Ib 9AJ?+27<;n>A1I/X;O9`6L?->A+>:1IJ?9A-0/2/X;5-,>A7 ;#b ;=L?-,/X;=%C7<;=LB;K1#;O7<9:;=><;=L?;n9A-0>A@Z-,*,7<1o;K/X;K@Z1=>:+.*,+1Ib %VL)-0J/ Ca1I/ \
Ca+ e ')-09<;n@H1I>:+2J?/.-x3#-0L)+.9`/.;=>^PI-,/.1R*0+2LB;=L?-,>`7r;=%?j=-0%?*,+X;=/6o9<;=L)+X;=/ZL?-w'?%WJ)'?-0%Y%x'?b 3#-09:1_L?-w-0>A7:9:-,/./X;O>
>:+7<'B;OLB;=>t;=@?9:11 Ga+.3t;=LB;O3t-,%N7:-k;G/X;G3t+2>:3t;4L)+.>A7<;=%?*,+X;4L?-0>AL?--0
/ Ca1I/ hi6(;gL?+2>A7:+.%C7r;=>#/.1=%?jI+27:'?L?-,>
jC;=/Q;=b *,7:+.*0;=>0h>:-,9Qcb ;W@Z1I>A+.J?/2-t*,1I%?>[7<9:')+.9_/.;=>q*0'?9[P=;O>59:-,@?9:-,>:-0%C7<;=LB;=>K-,%/X;V|BjI'?9:; }a\ }a\ 1I9Vz}a\ VI
PI-,3t1=>KMR')-Y/.;k3#-0L?+2LB;TL?-V/X;k;=3t@)/.+27:'?L]L)-V/X;T*0')9APO;
f%?1I>K@?9A1PI-0-,9Qcb ;4L)-0/^PO;=/21I95L?-V/.;
*01=%?>A7<;=%C7<- ha*01I%-0/*0'B;=/ h)/.;_3t-,L?+.L?;_L?-v/X;5L)+ e -09A-0%?*,+X;_-,%C7<9:-v/.;=>`*,'?9APO;=>uL?-xP=-0/21a*,+.LB;=LV9:;=L?+.;=/H6
7r;O%?jI-0%)*0+X;O/ -0%Y*Q;=L?;#@?')%N7:1t%)1I>fLB;=90cb ;=%7r;O35J?+s-,b %-0/ PO;=/.1=9`L?- o\
DF1I>_9A-0>A'?/27<;=L?1I>1IJ)7<-,%?+.L)1I>K;W@?;=9A7:+.9qL?-V;=%f;Ob /.+.>A+.>w@?9A-0*0+2>:1I>_L?-o+2% e 1I9:3t;=*,+1Ib %41IJ?>A-09[P=;O*0+.1=%B;=/pLB;=%
/.1=>u>:+.j='?+.-,%N7:-0>uPO;=/.1=9:-0>u@?;=9<;K-0>[7r;=>f*,1I%?>A7<;=%C7<-,>0h
~ ~ Q
Q:RYS
q~ Q Q:RTS
;x-v>:'WL?-,|?%?+.*,+1Ib %-0>f@H1I>:+2J?/.-"1IJ)7<-,%?-09f|B%B;O/.3#-0%C7<-v-,/ P=;O/.1I9`L)- 0h?LB;=L?1#@H1I90h
,
&
&
-
'F
-
'F
'F
'F
F/F
B+C
@
),+
.-
X Q *QHRTS
QHRTS 1IJ)7:-0%?-,3t1=>7<;=35J?+s-0b %v-,/IP=;O/.1I9 L)-p/.;^PI-,/.1R*0+.L?;=L
&
&
'F
'F
.-
~I~ Q
-0%YJ?'?-,%T;=*,'?-09AL?1#*01I%-0/ PO;=/21I9u+.%C7:9:1RL?'?*0+2L?1n;=%C7<-,>0hB6V1IJa7<-0%)+.L?1n@H1I9u3y-sb 7<1RL?1I>uL?+2>A7:+.%C7<1I>,\
E^1I3#1W6I;kUB;=J b ;=3#1I>- Ga@?/.+2*Q;=L?1)h/X;9:-,/X;=*,+1Ib %g@?9:-,*0+2><;k-,%N7:9:- 1 ^6 wz wsh%?1=>_@H-09:3#+27:+.90b ;=%
-0%)*01I%C7<9:;=90h>A+`-0c >n*01=%?1a*,+.LB;W/X;TL?+2>A7r;O%?*0+.; T;=/i1I%J 9A-s7<14-0>[7<'?L?+.;=L?1?h/.;k*0'?9[PO;4L)-9:1=7<;=*0+Q1Ib %L?-Vc /.;
3w;=/X;:Ga+.;)\V1=>7<1=@B;=3#1I>w>:+.%]-035JB;O9:jI1W*01I%g/X;WL)+2|B*,'?/27<;=LgL)-oMN'?-L?+2*rUB;WL)+.>A7<;=%?*,+X;W>?1Ib /.1Y@?'?-,L?>:-,9L)-,7<-,9:3#+.%B;OLB;K-0%Y-0/F*Q;O>:1oL)-q1=%J 9A-,7:1I>MN'?-q-0>[7 ;=b %Y-0>A*01I%)L?+.L?1=>7:9<;=>f-0/F1=>:*0')9:1tP=-0/21tL?-w/F@H1I/2P=1
+.%C7:-09:-,>A7:-0/X;O9"MN'?-5/2/.-0%?;t/X; 3q;O/X:; Ga+X;a\"D;o1IJ)>:-09[PO;=*0+Q1Ib %TL?-5/.;t/ cb %?-0;tL?-5/21I> ~5*03 -03#+27:+.LB;n@H1I9"-,/
U?+2L?9B1Ib j=-0%?1%?-0'a7<9:1"-0%5/.;=>%R')JZ-,>L?+ e '?><;=>,h=1 e 9A-0*,-^%N'?-,PO;=>-0>A@Z-,9<;=%?S0;=>&;/X;f>:1I/2'?*0+Q1Ib %L)-0/R@?9:1IJ)/.-03t;)\
E^'B;=%)L?1y>:-43t+2L?-k/.;8+.%C7<-,%?>:+2LB;=L L?--,>A7<;l/ b %?-0;]-0% '?% L?-s7<-09A3t+2%B;=LB;8/21I%?jI+7<'?LEjC;=/;Ob *,7<+2*Q;)hu>A-0%)*0'?-,%N7:9<;]')%(9A-0>:')/27r;OL?1g*,1I3#1g-,/u@?9:-,>:-0%C7<;=c L?18-,%E/X;T|Bj='?9<; }a\ m\EDF1I>#L?+.>[7<+2%N7:1I>K@?+2*01I>nMN'?*Q;O9<;=*s7<-09A+.S0;=%-0>[7<-V-0>A@Z-,*,7:9:14>:1I%@)9:1RL?'?*0+2L?1I>5@H1I95- e -0*s7<1L?-VMN'?-V/.;=>_%N'?JH-0>nMN'?-V@?9A1aL?')*0-0%y/.;
-03#+.>A+1Ib %oMR')-v/.1I>`*,1I%?>[7<+27:')6I-w>A-v35'?-,P=-0%W;5L?+.>[7<+2%N7<;=>^P=-0/.1R*0+2LB;=L?-,>u9<;=L)+X;=/2-0>^9A-0/.;O7<+P=;O>`;=/ Ca1I/ ha@Z1=9
- e -,*,7:1gL?-,/`3#1PR+23t+2-0%C7<1TL)-Y9A1=7r;O*0+1=b %jC;=/;Ob *,7<+2*01?\ E^1I3#1@?'?-,L?-Y;=@?9:-,*0+.;=9:>A-V-0%l/X;k|BjI')9<; }R\ ^)h
-0/u@)+.*01*,1I9:9A-0>A@Z1I%)L?+.-,%N7:-Y;4/.;T3H; b G)+23o;YPI-0/21a*,+.LB;OL9<;=L?+.;=/^9A-0/.;O7<+P=;yz 3H; b G)+23t1WL?-0>A@?/X;OSQ;=3#+.-,%N7:1
;x1I@?@)/.-09<shB*,1I9:9A-0>:@H1I%?L)-5;n/X;n-03#+.>:+Q1Ib %VL?-q'?%B;#%R')JZ-*0-0%C7:9<;=LB;#-0%W'?%k@?')%N7:1o-,%kL?1I%)L?-_-,/9:;=L?+21
jC;=/Q;=b *,7:+.*,1x*01I9A9:-,>:@H1I%?L?+2-0%C7<-f-0>@H-09A@Z-,%?L?+.*,'?/X;O9;w/.;"PR+.>:'?;=/?L?+29:+.j=+.LB;;w/.;x%N'?JZ-f3#+.>A3o;)\ ;O9<;v-0/2/X;)h
L?-w3#1aL?1K-,/.-,3t-,%N7<;=/F>:-w-,%?*0'?-,%C7<9<;#MN'?-=h
&
-
'F
U)
,
K%?;]PI-0S*,1I%?1R*0+2LB;g/.;]L?+.>[7r;=%)*0+X;g;8/X;G%R')JZ-T6=h@H1I9t-0/"L)-0>:@)/X;=S0;=3t+2-0%C7<1 ;x1I@?@?/2-090hu>A'PI-,/.1R*0+d
LB;=LW9<;=L)+X;=/F9A-0/X;7<+2PO;)hB-,>@H1I>A+.J?/2-w|?%B;=/.3#-0%C7:--,%?*01I%C7:9<;=9/X;KPI-0/21a*,+.LB;OLk;=%)jI'?/X;O9 ;t/X;nL?+2>A7r;O%?*0+.;
),+
% :
V
'
Centro
Galctico
Velocidad
radial
relativa al
Sol
rbita
Solar
Rmin
D
Ro
C
Sol
+.j='?9<;n}a\ ^)
jC;=/.;=*,7:1a*H-0b %C7<9A+.*0;K;n/.;KMR')-q-,/./.;5>:-w-0%?*,'?-0%C7:9<;z B>:+.% m\
K%?;4>A-09A+.-L?-U?-0*rU)1I>n/.+.3#+27<;=%]/.;T*Q;=@?;=*0+2LB;=LyMN'?-Y7:+.-,%?-V-0>[7<-3y-sb 7<1RL?1@B;=9:;@?9:1PI-,-09#/X;T*,'?9APO;
L?-t9:1=7<;=*0+Q1Ib %4jC;=/;Ob *,7<+2*Q;)\o$&/i@?9A+.3#-09A16G3E;=b >w1IJCPR+.1k-,>-,/iL)-tMN'?-t-0>_+23t@H1I>A+.J?/2-K')7<+2/.+.S0;=9:/21@B;=9:;
1IJ?>A-09[P=;O*0+.1=%?-0>V*,1I% ^
} h-0>VL?-,*0+29%?1-0>@H1I>:+2J?/.-W1IJ)7:-0%?-,9V+.% e 1I9A3o;O*0+1=b %E>:1=J?9:-/.;
9:1O7r;=*,+1Ib %ljC;=/Q;=b *,7:+.*Q;1IJ)>:-09[PO;=%?L?18-,/U)+.L?9?1Ib jI-0%)1]%?-,')7<9A1?hu@B;=9:;
0\ 1I9o1=7:9:1g/X;=L?1G@B;=9:;
/.1=%?jI+27:'?L?-,>^jC;=/Q;=b *,7:+.*0;=>^3#-0%?1=9:-0>`; jI9<;OL?1I>0ha-0/ 3#1PR+.3#+.-0%C7:1_L?-v/.;=>^%N'?JH-0>f-03#@?+2-0SQ;_;K;=/.)- 9:;=9:>A>:')>A7r;O%?*0+.;=/.3#-0%C7<-L?-K/X;t;=@?9A1 Ga+23o;=*,+1Ib %WL?-53#1Pa+23t+2-0%C7<1=>*,+.9:*,'?/X;O9:-0>6k/.;=>P=-0/21a*,+.LB;=L)-0>x9:;=L?+X;O/.-0>
3#-0L?+2LB;=>`6C;n%?1n-0>[7 ;=b %W-0%W;=*0')-09:L)1t*,1I%W-,/F>:-,%?*0+2/./.1K3#1RL?-0/215-0/.;=JZ1=9<;=L?1)\
@H-0>:;=9vL?-5-,>A7r;O>qL)+2|B*,'?/27<;=L?-0>,h /X;t')7<+2/.+.S0;=*0+Q1Ib %YL?-51=7:9:1I>x3#-0L)+.1I>x@?;=9<;L?-s7<-,9:3#+.%B;=9/X;o9A1=7r;O*0+1=b %
jC;=/Q;=b *,7:+.*0;-0%]/.;=>wS01I%?;=>@)9:1IU?+2J?+.L?;=>q;=/&3y-sb 7<1RL?1YL?-0>A*09:+7<1?hUB;@Z-,9:3#+27:+.L?1V*,1I%?>A7:9:'?+29q|?%B;=/.3#-0%C7:/X;g*0'?9[P=;8J)'?>:*0;=LB; z P=-09V|BjI'?9:; }a\2~ s\ D;=>V@H-0*,'?/.+.;=9:+2LB;=L?-,>o'- GaU?+2J?+.L?;=>o@H1I9o7<;=/"*,'?9APO;)hf6/.;
+.% e 1I9:3t;=*0+Q1Ib %xMN'?-pL?--0/2/X;`@H1aL?-,3t1=>F'- GR7<9:;=-09-0%w7a-,b 9:3#+.%?1I>FL)-p/.;`L?+.>[7<9A+.J?'?*,+1Ib %wjI/21IJB;=/6v/X;u*0;=%C7<+.L?;=L
7<1O7r;=/L?-53t;O7<-,9:+.;#-,%%R')-0>A7:9<; 3w;=/XH; G)+.;#>A-09?;=b %L?+.>A*0')7:+.LB;O>"-0%/.;t>A-0*0*,+1Ib %L)-0L?+2*Q;=LB;o;o/X;=>*0'?9[PO;=>
L?-w9:1O7r;=*,+1Ib %VL?-w/.;=>ujC;=/.:; Ga+X;=>`-,>:@?+29<;=/2-0>u-,%W-,/F>:+.j='?+.-,%N7:-w*Q;=@ cb 7<'?/21?\
xpQ0
}a\Z~ E^'B;O%?L?1>:-K1IJ)>:-09[PO;/.;o-03#+.>A+1Ib %WL?-KU?+2L?9B1Ib j=-0%?1%)-0')7:9:1-0%4/X;tL?+.9A-0*0*,+1Ib %k*01I9A9:-0>A@Z1=%?L?+.-,%C7<; V L?-t/.1I%)jI+27:'?LgjI;=/;=b *s7<+2*Q;)h>:-t-0%?*,'?-0%C7<9:;T'?%8@?+2*01T*,1I%8'?%]L?-0>A@?/X;=S0;=3#+.-0%C7:1 ;x1I@)@?/.-,9
LB;OL?1W@H1I9
\\ ;x-s7<-09A3t+2%B;=9x/.;VL?+.>[7r;=%?*,+X;VjC;=/.;=*,7:1a*H-0b %C7<9A+.*0;L?-t/.;V%R')JZ-nMN'?U)
) +
.-
),+
&
&
-
&
'F
'F
&
&
.-
!
$" #&% ')(+*-,/.$021234345786. (
9;:=<?>A@C:DB <4EF:;GH@A:JIJKMLONQPARTSDRT:DUVKW<?@X>FUZY[>A@F:=<?NVK\UZ:=]TK^NVR`_^KWKa]bKcLdK^NV@FUVKM]e:=fgKcEA:h]bKciajB KaklKMB SmNV:=KaS=Y[n8Y
@ALpo[ReoOKMLONV:D<ZS=Y2<?RT<qNV:=nrKsEA:t:D<?NVU?:=]e]bKM<\K^]uGH@A:t>v:DU?NZ:=LA:DS[jB K2:D]xwyY[]{z@ALdK2:m|}NV:DLA<ZRgY[B LpLdK^NZ@AUVKM]uKs<Z@
>AU?Y[>A@A:D<?N~KyzHaG}@F:7K^NZ:=LON~K^dKhS=Y[LONVUZKl:D]dnK^B </KMUZUZKMRToOK^EAYhKMLONVU?Y[>YySD:=LONVU?RT<Zn8YAzO>AU?Y[>Y[LjB K;]TK;:m|yRT<qNV:DLy
S=RTK+EA:<ZRe<?NV:DnK^<;<ZRenrRe]bKMU?:=<;K+LH@A:D<?NZUVKlKM]TK|yRbKFzv<ZR`NV@dKMEFY[<;@A:=UZKtEA:\:=]e]bKr2GH@A::DL:D<?NZ:8<?:=LONVReEAY
UZ:D>AUZ:D<Z:DLHNVKMdKML]TY2GH@A::=B ]Qn8RT<Zn8Y2]T]TKMnYsB OLFRe_[:DUZ<?Y[<r<?]bKMFp/<qNVY[<8O4LARe_M:=UZ<?Y[<ZKMRe<Z]bK^EAY[<\EA:D]
LH@A:=<qNVU?YAz:=<qN~KMU=jB KMLNVKML2]T:?Y[<\>vYMU7]TYnr:DLAY[<hK@FLdK+EART<qN~KMLFS=RbKrG}@F:\<Z@A>:=UZKMdK+<Z@F<hEARTn8:=LA<?RTY[LF:=<=z
GH@A:hEA:Dv:DUgjB K^L+<Z:DUudKM<qN~KMLONV:hoMUVKMLAEF:=<~/:|FPFRTAReUgjB K^L]bKWKM>dKMU?RT:=LFS=RbKlEA:;o[ReoOKMLONV:D<ZS=KM<uLH@A:=<=zFS=Y[n8Y
]bK^<QY[A<Z:DU?_^KMEdK^<4>Y[U4KM<qNVUdYMB LAY[n8Y[<uEA:l<Z@:=B >YyS=KF
L:D]QKLA Y2EA:&^H:=<qN~KAUZRe]T]bK^LHNZ:ReLHNZ@ARTSDR&Y[B L EF:$IlK^LHN=z@FLAEdKMn8:=LON~K^EdK2SgKM<?RQ:m|yS=]e@A<ZR`_MK^nr:DLHNZ:
:=LKMUZoM@Anr:DLONVY[<hd]eY[<ZYMAS=Y[<Dz:Dnr>:=fYB KXKMEAGH@AReUZRTUNVY[LAYM<cEA:U?:gKM]eRTEdKMEzS=@dKMLFEAYn8:=EARTKMLONV::=]@F<ZY
EA:<Z@o[RTo[KMLONV:=<?S=Y NV:D]T:D<ZS=YM>ARTY:D]hnKg[YMUtEA:<?@:DB >vY}SgKO:D];NV:DUZS=:DUSDY[LAEA:EA:xY[<Z:^z7RT]e]TRbK^n
!K^UZ<ZYMLA<=z[>:=U?S=ReAR&YxB ]bKQ:|FRe<?NZ:=LASDRbKEF:C@ALAK4:D<?NVU?@ASDNZ@AUVKUZ:=oM@A]bKMUDz:=LW:D<Z>AReUVKM]{z^:DLW]TKxLF:=A@A]eY[<VKsy;]TK
L7@AB n8:=U?Yay:=Lr:=]SgK^NdKMB ]TY[oMYcEA:7:D<Z<ZRe:=UDzy_[:DUdo[@FUVKFe&mk)Kc:|yRT<?NZ:=LASDRbKlEA:7@ALAKlN~K^]:D<?NZUZ@ASmNV@AUZKFz
LAYsYMA<Z:DU?_^KMEdKs:DL YMNVUZKM<WLA:DA@A]eY[<VKM<WEA:=]SgK^NdKMB ]TYMo[YEA:t:=<?<ZRT:DU=zU?:D_[:D]bKMAKOKs]eY>:=S=@F]TRbK^UcEA:<Z@
LdK^NZ@AUVK^]T:=f=KX]TKX:|FRe<?NZ:=LASDRbKEF:@ALdKXS=]TKMUVK$EART<qNVReLAS=RgY[B LSDY[L:D<?NVKM<@AB ]`NVRTnrKM<D<?NVKRTEF:gK<?:r_M:=U=jB K
UVKNVReASgKMEdKcS=@dKMLFEAY\YMNVU?Y[<YMA<Z:DU?_^KMEAY[U?:=<QSDY[UZU?Y[vYMUVKMUZKML]TKW:m|yRT<qNV:DLAS=RTKWEA:;@ALAKa:=<?NZUZ@ASmNV@AUZK\<ZRTn8RT]TKMU
:=LXYMNZUVKM<QLA:DA@A]eY[<VKM<D
L:D]KLF Y8EF:r&yWi/:=<?NZYtwy]eRT>APF:=UQ:=<qN~KMF]T:=SD:Mz>vYMU4n8:=EFRTEdKM<Q:D<Z>:=SmNVUZYM<ZS=YM>ARTS=KM<7]TK8:|FRe<?NZ:=LASDRbKEA:
n8Y_}RenrRe:=LONVY[<)Y[U?oOKMLARefgKMEFY[<KM]yReLONV:=U?RTY[U)EA:]bK4LA:=F@A]TY[<ZK;s}uGH@A:>:=U?nrR`NV:=LlEA:DEA@AS=ReU!]TK4:|FRe<?NZ:=LASDRbK
EA:X@ALdKUZYMNVKMS=RgY[B LpEA:X]bK2nKNV:=U?RbK2GH@A:X]bKM<\SDY[LA<?NZReNZ@F[:^Y[U8]bK2n8RT<?nK:DB >vY}SgK<Z:XEA:=<?S=@AFUZ:s]TK
KM>dK^UZRTSDR&Y[B Lt:DLK^]To[@ALAKM<QEA:J:=<qN~KM<xLA:DA@A]TYM<VKM<xEA:J:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<QLH@A:D_^KM<WLFY_^KM<Qt<?@A>:=UZLFY_^KM<Vm
Lc:D]}KLA YQEA:x&OMQSDY[nrRe:=LAf=KQ:=Ll]bKQS=Y[nW@ALARTEAKMEJS=RT:DLON&jB ASgKx@ALcEF:=dK^NZ:/UZ:=]TK^NVR`_[Y4KQ]bKQLdK^NZ@AUVK^]T:=f=KQEA:
:=<qNVY[<SD@A:=U?>vYM<=-]TK7SgK^v:DfgK;EA:Q]eY[<!dK^LAEAY[<:DLFUZ:DLHNVKMEAY[<<?:Q:=LASD@A:=LONZUVKML87K^UZ]TY&wyPdK^>A]T:m[z[GH@ARe:=L
<ZYM>vY[UqN~KMAKW]bKWReEA:gKcEA:;GH@A:;]TKM<LA:DA@A]eY[<VKM<:=<Z>FRTUVK^]T:=<C:D<?NVU?@ASDNZ@AUVK^<Q<ZRTn8RT]TKMUZ:D</:=UVK^LtnrRe:=naAU?Y[<EA:
LH@A:=<qNVUZKhlK^]bK|yRbKuJU?:=<ZReEjB K^LW>Y[UN~KMLONVY:=La<?@aRTLONZ:=UZReY[U=z&c:Dv:DU@AUqNVRe<GH@ARe:=LW<?Y[<?NZ:=LjB KGH@A:u:D<?NZY[<
[[
[
!" $#%' &( )*'+
,'.-/"
,10 2'
!Reo[@AUVKWFe465:=F@A]TY[<ZK\:=L$:=<?>ARTUZKM]s}lSD@FOKUZ:Do[@A]TKMUu:=<qNVU?@ASDNZ@AUVKa@A:h>Y[UQ>AU?RTn8:=UVKcEA:=<?S=@AARe:=UqNV:
>Y[UQ:=]NZ:=UZSD:=UY[LAEF:cEA:lxY[<Z:^
S=@F:=UZ>Y[<:=UVK^Ls>AUZ:DS=Re<VKMn8:=LONV:c]TY[<4O4LARe_M:=UZ<?Y[<7<?]bKMrEA:W]eY[<4G}@F:WPdKMF]bKMdK8IJKMLONgzGH@A:ao[@dK^UZEdKMAKML
<ZRenrRe]bKMU?RTEdK^EA:=<S=Y[LXLH@A:=<qNVUZK+JKM]bK|yRTKctGH@A:lY[O_yRTKMn8:=LONV:h<?:l:DLAS=YMLHNZUVKMAKML@A:DUVKEA:J:=]e]bKF
]x>AUZReLAS=Re>dKM]QKMU?o[@An8:=LONVYEA:wyPdKM>F]T:D G}@F:Kg_[Y[U?:=SMjB K<Z@>Y[<?RTS=RgY[B Lp]TY>AU?Y_M:[jB K]TKY[F<Z:=Uq_^KMS=RgY[B L
EA:s@FLdKLAY&_^K:=L]bKLF:=A@A]eY[<VKEA:s7LFEAUZY[n8:=EAKFz47F[ wyPdKM>F]T:DKMU?o[@An8:=LON~K^dKGH@A:s<?R7EAReS~PdK
LA:DA@A]TYM<VK:DUVKFz!S=Y[n8Y<?:HLd KM]TKMdK@AU?NZRT<Dz-@AL <?RT<?NZ:=nrKXEF::=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<l<ZRTn8RT]TKMUhK]TK$iajB KXklKMB SDNZ:gKFz-:D<
EA:DS=RTUY^NVUVKhoOK^]bK|yRbKyz^a<?@A<EARTn8:=LA<?RTY[LF:=<!@A:DUVKML8<ZRenrRe]bKMU?:=<Kh:=<?NVKp@AB ]`NVRenKWGH@A:x<Z:Dou@AB L<Z@A</>AU?Y[>ARTYM<
:=<qNVRenK^NZRe_MY[<NZ:=LjB K@ALWEAR&KMB n8:DNZUZYEA:7&M1 8H>vSgmzO>dK^UVK:|y>A]TReSgKMU<Z@aNVKMnKLF Y7KM>AKMUZ:DLHNZ::DUVK7LA:DS=:D<VKMU?RTY
<ZR`NV@dK^UZ]bKJKJ@ALdKJEART<qN~KMLFS=RbKhN~K^Lro[UZKMLAEA:4GH@A:4]bKhLAY&_^Kcn8:=LASDRTY[LdK^EdKh:m|yPARTFRTU=jB Kh@ALAU?RT]e]TY;na@FS~PjB <?RTn8Y
n8:=LAY[U;KM]!Y[F<Z:=Uq_^KMEAYAa@AU?NZRT<;<?:8EF:D:=LFEjB K+EA:\:D<?NZ:KMUZo[@Fnr:DLHNZYAz<?:}Ld KM]TKMLAEAYtGH@A:\:D]!N~KMnrKLA YrEA:
]bKJi\jB KWklKMB SDNZ:gKW:D<?NZRTnrKMEAYl>vY[UC<Z@+SDY[LONV:DLAEAY[Uu:|yS=:=EjB KaS=YML+na@AS~PAYW:=]UZ:gK^] zHrGH@A:7<ZR<?:NZY[nK^dKc:D]
_^KM]TYMUuY[FNZ:=LAReEAY>vY[UxIJKM>yNV:D}L]bKaEARe<ZS=U?:=>dK^LAS=RTKReLAEAReSgKMEdK\>Y[U4wyPdK^>A]T:m+EA:D<Z>dKMU?:=SD:=U=jB KF
LFY+EA:a]eY[<7K^UZo[@An8:=LONZY[<7nKMB <4RTLONV:D]TRToM:=LONV:D<7EA:a@AU?NZRT<7U?:=<?RTEARTKr:=L2]TKr:|F>F]TRTS=KMS=RgY[B LXEA:=]Y[UZReo[:=LEA:
]bKrEA:=LAYMnrReLdKMEdKfDY[LdK+EA:\:m_}ReN~K^S=R&YMB Ls:=L2]TKri\jB K+klKMB SDNZ:gKFc]NVUZKMdK?YtEF:8wyPdKM>A]e:DMzdKM<ZKMEAYt:=L]TK
EARe<?NVU?RTA@FS=R&YMB LrEA:7S!@AB na@A]eY[</o[]TYMA@A]bK^UZ:=<DzHPdKMjB Kcn8Y[<?NZUVKMEAYcGH@A:;:=]S=:DLONVUZY\EF:7]bKJi\jB KWklKMB SDNZ:gKW:D<?NVKMdK
]T:?Y[<hEA:\]TK+>vY[<?RTSDR&Y[B L2EA:D]wyY[]{z>v:DUZY$]TYM<hS=Y[LONV:DY[<JEA::=<qNVUZ:D]T]TKM<=zSDY[n8YX]eY[<;PA:DS~PAY[<l>vYMUJIlK^>FNV:myLz
UZ:m_[:D]bKMdK^Lt@ALdKWSDY[<VKaEARe<?NZRTLON~KFY[UZU?:=SDNVKMn8:=LONV:;<?:;RTLFEARTS=KMdKcGH@A:7]bKcS=KM@A<ZKaEA:;:=<qN~KaEARe<ZSDUZ:=>AKMLAS=RTK
UZ:D<ZReEjB KX:=L ]bKX:m|yRT<qNV:DLAS=RTKEA:+@ALAKf=Y[LAKEA:+]TKXiajB KklKMB SmNV:gKyz->AUZ:DS=Re<VKMn8:=LONV::=L ]TKEAReUZ:=SDS=RgY[B L EA:D]
S=:DLONVUZYcoOKM]gKMB SDNZRTS=YJ:DL]bKhSD@xKMB ]:=UZKlRenr>Y[<ZReA]T:Y[A<Z:DU?_^KMULdKMEdKlnK^B <CK^]T]&K;B EF:@ALAKlEARe<?NVKMLAS=RTKlnjB LFRTnrKF
YMU!:=<qN~K7UZKMfYMB LW<Z:C]bKxdKM@FNZRTfY7B f=YMLdKEA:C:D_}ReNVKMS=RgY[B Lf=YMLA:YMdK&_MY[RTEAKMLAS=:g)l<Z@W:m|yRT<qNV:=LFS=RbK4:m|y>A]eRTSgK^dK
>Y[UZGH@A:l]TY[<QSDY[LONV:DY[<7EA:l:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<Q<ZR`NV@dK^dKMLKM]wyY[]):=LX:=])SD:=LONVU?YEA:D]<?RT<qNV:=nrKF@AU?NZRT<DzdRTLONVU?RToOKMEFY
>Y[U)]bKxSgKM@A<ZKEA::=<qNV:/:=LxYMB nr:DLAYAz[K^UZo[@An8:=LONdYB GH@A:]bKx:m|yRT<qNV:DLAS=RTK4EA:dKMLFEdKM<Y[<ZSD@AUVKM<:=LcLA:=A@F]TY[<ZKM<
:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<GH@A:<Z:C_M:[jB KMLWS=KM<ZR}EA:S=KMLONVYAzM>vY}EAU=jB KFz<ZR}<Z:QK^<Z@AnjB KxGH@A::D]T]bK^<SDY[n8>dKMU?NgjB KMLl]bKxLdK^NZ@AUVK^]T:=f=K
EA:J]bKWiajB KklKMB SDNZ:gKFzd:|y>A]TReSgKMUQ]TKa:m|yRT<qNV:=LFS=RbKEA:J]bKafDY[LdKEA:J:D_}ReNVKMS=RgY[B L
]-EA:DdK^NV:\@A:<ZKM]e_^KMEAY$KKg_MY[UJEA:8@AU?NZRT<hSD@dKMLAEAYX:=L:D]/KLA Y+EA:$&O97t/EyxRTL@AFA]T:\Y[F<Z:=U
3
M
_^KMLAEAYYMNZY[o[UVKqjB KM<u<?@AS=:D<ZR`_MK^<EA:J]TKLF:=A@A]eY[<VKEA:J7LFEAUZY[n8:=EAKFzdEA:=<?S=@AFUZR&Y8B ]bK\:|FRe<?NZ:=LASDRbKEA:J@ALdK
:=<qNVU?:=]T]TK$_^KMU?RbKMF]T:EA:=]/NVRe>vY:D:DRTEdKyYMnrY$OK]eYPF:=n8Y[<Wn8:=LASDRTY[LAKMEAYAz]bK$:m|yRT<qNV:DLAS=RTKEA:8@ALdK
:=<qNVU?:=S~PdKXUZ:=]TKMS=RgY[B L2:=LONZUZ::=]->:=U=jB Y}EAY+2]TK+]T@An8RTLAYM<ZRTEAKMEReLHNZUgjB LA<Z:DSgKtEA::=<qN~KM<J:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<h>:=UZn8ReNZ:Mz
@ALdK;_M:=f4nr:DEARTEAYh:D]A>AU?RTn8:=UZYh:D<?NZRTnrKMU-:=]F<Z:=oM@ALAEAYAz}GH@A:4KM]A<?:=US=YMnr>dK^UVKMEAYJSDY[L:=]AAU?RT]e]TYhKM>AKMUZ:DLHNZ:
EA:a]TK:=<qNVU?:=]T]TK>AU?Y_M:=:\ReLFY[UZnrKMSDR&Y[B LX<ZY[FUZ:\<Z@2EFRT<?NVKMLASDRbKFh4@AAA]e:a:=LFS=Y[LONVUAYtB GH@A:\:=<qN~K+LA:DA@A]TYM<VK
<Z:h:DLAS=YMLHNZUVKMAK8K8M[ 8H>vS8SgKM<?RNVU?:=<u_[:DS=:D<n8:=LAYM<QEA:;<Z@XEARe<?N~K^LAS=RTKWUZ:=KM] <qNVY<Z:hEA:DAR&Y\B >FUZRTLFS=R`
>dKM]enr:DLONV:aK+:DUZU?Y[UZ:D<;EA:aS=KM]TReAUVKMSDR&Y[B LEA:a]TKUZ:D]bKMSDR&Y[B L>v:DUgjB Y}EAY^ ]T@An8RTLFY[<ZReEdKMEzA]TY+GH@A:W]bK@AFRTSgK^dK
@A:DUVKEA:JL}@F:=<?NZUVKrlK^]bK|yRbKy
]/EA:=<?S=@AAU?RTn8RT:DLHNZYEF:r4@AAA]e:Mz<ZReo[LAReASYXB @AL>AKM<ZYnKMB <hPAKMS=RTKK^@F:=UVKyzPAKMS=RTKX]TK$SDY[n8>AUZ:DLA<ZRgY[B L
o[]eY[dKM]EF:=]@ALARe_M:=U?<ZYrX:DS~PxYB EA:mdLAR`NVRe_^KMn8:=LONZ:l>Y[UxNVRe:=UZUZKFzd<ZReo[@ARe:=LAEAY8:=]):?:=n8>A]TYEA:aY[>v:DUZLAReS=YAz
5:mQNVY[L$tPdK^<?N~KrwyPdK^>A]T:m[zd:=])K^UZUVK^RToOKMEFYW$KMLONVReo[@AY8KMLONVU?Y[>YySD:=LONVU?RT<Zn8YA
9;:=EFRTSgK^UZ:=n8Y[<:=]4>AU?:=<Z:DLONV:sS=KM>B NZ@A]TYK:D<?NZ@AEARbK^Ur]TKM<>AUZY[>FRT:=EAKMEA:=<rEA::D<?NZY[<O4LARe_M:=U?<ZY[<? RT<?]bKFz
:m|y>A]eRTS=KMU;<Z@2:D<?NZUZ@ASmNV@AUZK$EARTLxK^B jnrReSgKFhk)K+U?:=]T:m_^KMLAS=RTKEA:\@AL2NVKM]!:D<?NV@FEARTYt<?:\UZ:D_M:=]TK$:DL:=]!PF:=S~PAY
EA:JGH@A:l<ZY[LX:=]e]bKM<DzAK\o[UVK^LX:D<ZS=KM]bKFzd]eY[<Q]bK^EAUZRe]T]TYM<CSDY[L]eY[<QGH@A:J:=<qN~KPA:=S~PAYr:=])4LARe_M:=UZ<?YA
"$#
-5 3 a345786. ( .8, [. 76. r5=3 0
5
LAKc_[:Df;@A:7U?:=S=YMLAYySDRTEdKc]bKcLAK^NV@AUZKM]T:DfgKl:m|}NVUZKMoOKM]gKMB SDNZRTSgKlEA:7]TKM<o[KM]bK|yRTKM<=zONVY}EAY[<]TYM<:=<q@A:=U?f=Y[<Q<?:
S=YMLAS=:DLHNZUVKMU?Y[L\:=L\EF:=<ZSDUZReARTUS=@xKMB ]e:=<:=UVK^L\<Z@A<->FUZY[>ARe:=EdK^EA:=<! jB <ZReSgKM<D!]}>AUZRenr:DU!KM>Y[UqNV:Renr>Y[UqN~KMLONV:
:=Lc:=<qNV:<?:=LONVReEAY7]eYPFRTf=Y4:=]Hn8RT<?nrY4@FAA]T:/GH@ARe:=LaEA:D<Z>A@C:=B <!EF::m|FKMn8RTLAKMU]bKM<)RenKMB oM:=LA:D<EF:na@AS~PAKM<
EA:C]bKM<oOKM]TK|yRbKM<)Y[A<?:=Uq_MK^EdKM<=zMLAYMNYB ]bK4:m|yRT<qNV:=LFS=RbKEA:@ALWS=Y[L?@FLHNZY;EA:CUZ:=oM@A]bKMU?RTEdK^EA:=<nrYMU?Y[]gY[B o[RTS=KM<
GH@A:l>v:DUZn8ReNgjB KML+]TKaS=UZ:=KMS=RgY[B L$EA:J@ALX>dK^NVUAY[B LXEA:JS=]bK^<ZReASgKMSDR&Y[B L
YyEdK^<4]TKM<QoOKM]TK|yRbKM<CY[A<?:=U?_^KMEAKM<>Y}EAUgjB KMLtS=Y[LF<ZRTEF:=UVK^UZ<Z:J>:=UqNV:=LF:=S=Re:=LONV:D<;K 7\o[UZ@F>vY[<x>AU?RTLASDRT>dK^]T:=<
4oOKM]TK|yRbKM<:=] j B >FNVReSgKM<DzFoOK^]bK|yRbK^<u:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<utoOKM]TK|yRbKM<uReUZU?:=o[@A]TKMUZ:D<=
7]>AUZRenr:DUZYaEA:h:D<?NZY[<xo[UZ@A>Y[<u>:=UqNV:DLA:=SMjB KMLXKMGH@A:D]T]bK^<uoOKM]TK|yRbKM<CG}@F:l:|yPARTjB KMLt@ALdKaU?:=o[@F]bKMUYMUZnrK
:=] jB >FNZRTS=KS=@dK^LAEAYp:=UZKML>AUZY&[:DSDNVKMEdKM<XS=Y[LONZUVK :=];>F]bKMLAY EF:=]hS=Re:=]eYA ];RTLONZ:=UZReY[U+EA:2:D<?NZ:oMUZ@A>Y
KM>dK^UZ:=SMB KML EFRe:=U?:=LASDRbKM<cY[O_}RbKM<\:DL]eYs:=]eY[LAoOK^EdKM<t:m|yS:DB LONVUZReSgKM<VaG}@F:tUZ:=<?@A]eNVKMdKML <?:=U\@ALAKM<a ]eY
S=ReUZSD@A]bKMj U?:=<cEA:+YMNZUVKM<D2@AFA]T:rRTLONVU?YyEA@?Y2KM<=jB @ALdKs<?@AS=]bK^<ZReASgKMSDR&Y[B LG}@F:+NV:=LjB K:DL S=@A:DLHNVKs:=<qN~K
S=]TKMUVKEAR`:=UZ:DLAS=RTKMS=RgY[B Lu<?R]e]bKMnrKMn8Y[< KM])<Z:DnrRe: ?:lnKg[YMUEA:l]bK:=]eRT>A<?:cGH@A:c:=LO_}@A:=]`_[:\]TK8oOK^]bK|yRbK
<Z@X<Z:=n8RT:?:Jnr:DLAY[Ul_M:=UQdo[@FUVKF [zA<Z:l]T]TKMnKl:=] jB >FNZRTS=ReEdKME 4KM]>AKMUdKMB n8:DNZUZYEdKMEFY8>Y[UDz
#"
#$
"
$&%
'
(
)
$
*,+.-./021432576
8
[M
!" $#%' &( )*'+
,'.-/"
,10 2'
+.-
1432576
MM
7[
!" $#%' &( )*'+
,'.-/"
,10 2'
!RToM@AUVK\F 4/]EARTKMo[UVK^nK
3
+ 0 *
0
97F
7O
!" $#%' &( )*'+
,'.-/"
,10 2'
NVU?Y[<-SgK^naARTYM<!PdKML\<?RTEAYhReLONVUZY}EA@ASDRTEAYM<!:=L:D]F<ZRe<?NZ:=nrK;EA:uS=]TKM<ZR`dSgK^S=R&YMB LaEA:u]TKM<-oOKM]TK|yRbKM<:=] jB >FNZRTS=KM<=z
GH@A:pKMEA:DnK^B <sEA: <Z@ :D]TRT>yNVRTSDRTEdK^E<Z: EFRT<?NZRTLAoM@A:=L >Y[Us<?@]e@An8RTLAY[<?RTEdK^E nKM<ZK:=L ]TYM<NVRe>vYM<
Sg9{lKM]TK|yRbKM<4:=] jB >FNZRTS=KM<7o[ReoOKMLONV:D<~zLd oOKM]TK|yRbKM<4:=] jB >FNZRTSgK^<7LAY[U?nK^]T:=<VmzvEd oOKM]bK|FRTKM<4:=] jB >FNVReSgKM<
:=LAKMLdKM<VmzEwy>AP+ JKM]bK|yRTKM<:=<q:=U?Y[RTEdK^]T:=<:DLdKMLdK^<~ ,Qu9oOKM]TK|yRbKM<:=LdKMLAKM<KMf=@A]e:=<JS=YMnr>dK^SDN~K^<~m
$" #
5
25g,
5g,/, r1 a,
LONVUZ:\]TKM<;oOK^]bK|yRbK^<SDY[LAY}S=RTEAKM<=z:D]!NVRe>vYG}@F:\nKMB <7]T]bK^nK]bK+KNV:=LFS=R&YMB L2>vY[U7<Z@KM>dK^UZ:=LONZ:\v:D]T]T:DfgKFz
]TYcUZ:D>AUZ:D<Z:=LONVKMLt]bKM<CEA:=LFY[nrReLdKMEdK^<CoOK^]bK|yRbK^<:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<D/Y[L+na@FS~PAYa]bKl>dKMUqNVRTSD@A]bK^UnrKMLA:DUVKlS=Y[n8Y
<Z:8EARe<?NVU?RTA@y[:]bKtnrK^NV:DUZRbK+:DL]eY[<hEARe<ZS=YM<lEF:r:D<?N~K^<coOK^]bK|yRbK^<;UZ:D>AUZ:D<Z:=LONVK]bKtnKMB <JRTn8>AUZ:D<ZReY[LdKMLONV:
SgK^UdKMB SmNV:=U=jB <?ReNVReSgKaSDY[LAY}S=RTEAK:DLONVUZ:J:D<?NVYM<Y[H?:DNVYM<K^<?NVU?YMqjB <?RTSDY[<=
:DUZY2]TKM<WoOK^]bK|yRbK^<c:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<W>AKMUZ:DS=:=Lp>Y[<Z:D:=Ua@FLdKs<Z:DUZRT:EA:+>AU?Y[>ART:DEdKMEA:D<a<ZYMAUZ:D<VKM]eRT:=LONZ:=<=zGH@A:^z
KMEA:DnK^B <EA:2<?@v:D]T]T:DfgKFzQ]TKM<8PdKMS=:2EFRT<?NZRTLON~K^<:=LONZUZ:s]TKM<EA:DnK^B <+oOKM]TK|yRbKM<D LONVUZ::=<?NVKM<tSgK^UVKMS
NV:DUgjB <?NVReSgKM<xU?:=<VK^]eN~K^L]TK:|yRT<?NZ:=LASDRbKEA:l@ALY[U?oOKMLARefgKMEFY8n8Y&_}RTn8RT:=LONZY\EA:lNZUVKM<?]bKMSDR&Y[B L$EA:l]bK\nrK^NV:DUZRTK
GH@A:lS=Y[LA<qNVR`NV@FM:W<Z@F<EARe<ZSDY[<:DLXNZY[UZLFYKM]SD:=LONVU?YEA:l]bK\n8RT<?nKFzy$]TY[<xKM]`N&jB <ZRTn8Y[<CLARe_M:=]T:D<EF:coOK^<x
>Y[]e_MYrK^@A<Z:DLHNZ:=<4SgKM<?R)S=Y[n8>A]T:mN~KMn8:=LONZ:;:=LXYMNVU?Y[<QNVRe>vY[<QEF:lo[KM]bK|yRTKM<=
7@FLAGH@A:;:=]:=<?GH@A:=nrKWEA:S=]bK^<ZReASgKMSDR&Y[B LEA:7@AAF]T:7>AKMUZ:DS=:;K^UZAR`NVUVK^UZRTYJ:D<?NV@FEARTY[<EA:mN~KM]e]bKMEAYM<EF:7]bK^<
SgK^UVKMSmNV:=U=jB <qNVRTS=KM<7EF:\]bKM<oOKM]bK|FRTKM<4:=<Z>FRTUVK^]T:=<Dz>dKMU?:=SD:=LUZ:m_[:=]TKMU;GH@A:\:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<7EF:\EART<qNVRTLONZYrNVRe>vY:=L
EAReS~PAY:=<ZGH@A:DnK8>vYM<Z:=:DLS=KMUVK^SDNV:DUgjB <?NVReSgKM<QNZnaARm:DB Lt:=LONV:DUVKMn8:=LONZ:cEARe<?NZRTLON~KM<D
9;:=EFRTSgK^UZ:=n8Y[<h:D<?N~K$<Z:DS=SDR&Y[B LK$:D<?NZ@AEARbK^Ul:DLEF:DN~K^]T]T:\]TKM<hEARe<?NVReLON~KM<hS=KMUVKMSmNV:DUgjB <qNVReSgKM<JEA:]bK^<hoOKM]bK|}
RbK^<;:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<=z)]bKM<7G}@F:8LFY[<JS=Y[LAEF@AS=ReUVKML2dLdK^]Tn8:=LONV:KM]!:=<?NVKMA]e:=S=RenrRe:=LONVYEA:]TY[<hPA:DS~PAY[<JxKMB <?RTSDY[<
UZ:D]bKMSDRTY[LAKMEAY[<uSDY[LX<Z@X:=<?NZUZ@ASmNV@AUZK8tEFRTLxKMB n8RTS=KF
!" $#&%')(*,+-/.0+-213#&
4$5*#&+-4
Y[n8Y]TY:m|y>AU?:=<VK^dKMn8Y[<:DL]eY[<>xKMB UZUZK^Y[<8KMLONV:DUZReY[UZ:D<=z:D]Q:=<qNV@AEAReYEA:$]TKM<>AUZY[>FRT:=EAKMEA:=<EA:X]bK^<
oOKM]TK|yRbKM<:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<->dKMU?:=SD:=L8UZ:D_M:=]TKMU-S=YMUZUZ:D]bKMSDRTY[LF:=<-:DLHNZUZ:Q:D]yNVRe>vY;KM<ZReo[LdKMEAY;K;:=]T]TKM<!:DL:=]A:D<ZGH@A:=nrK
EA:7@AAF]T:8:D]_^KM]eY[U/EA:;S=Re:=UqNVY[<>dKMUAKMB nr:mNVU?Y[< jB <ZReS=Y[<EA:7ReLONV:=U}:=B <D//<qNV:7NZRT>YcEF:;S=Y[U?UZ:D]bKMSDRTY[LA:D<C:D<
RTLFEARTS=K^NVR`_[YxEA:G}@F:C]TK4EAR`:=U?:=LASDRbK4KM>dKMU?:=LONV::=LONVU?:C]eY[<)EART<qNVReLHNZY[<NVRe>vY[<)EA:C@FAA]T:/NVRe:=LA:/Renr>A]eRTS=KMEdKM<
N~K^naARm:DB LtEARe:DUZ:DLAS=RTKM<u:=LXKM<?>v:DSDNZY[<xS=Y[n8Y\]bKWS=KMLONVReEdKME$EA:hoOKM<u>vYM]e_[Y\:DL$]bKaoOKM]TK|yRbKFzH]TKaUVK^NVKaEA:
Y[U?nKMSDR&Y[B LtEF:l:D<?NZUZ:=]e]bKM<u+]bKM<uS=KMUVK^SDNV:DUgjB <?NVReSgKM<xo[:DLA:=UZKM]T:D<QEA:l<Z@X>AUZY}S=:D<ZY8:D_[YM]T@FNZRe_[YF
k)Ka>AUZRenr:DUVKlEA:;]bK^<u>AUZYM>ART:DEdKMEA:D<uEA:;ReLHNZ:=U}:=B <QGH@A:hna@A:D<?NZUVKa@ALdKaSD]bKMUZKWEA:D>v:DLAEA:=LFS=RbKaSDY[L$]bKlS=]bK^<ZR`
dS=KMS=RgY[B L$EA:W4@AAA]e:Mzd:D<4]TK\G}@F:lPF:=n8Y[<x]T]bK^nKMEFYa]bKaUZKMfY[B LXnrKM<VK ]T@An8RTLFY[<ZReEdKME>AKMUVK\]bK8JKM]bK|FRTKF
L$]bKW<?:=S=SDR&Y[B L y yzyPdKMjB KMnrYM<RTLFEARTS=KMEAYaGH@A:J:=]v_MK^]TY[UCEA:h:=<qN~K\SgKMLONZRTEdKMEt:DUVKaReLAEARTS=K^NVR`_[YaEF:=]NZRT>Y
>AU?Y[nr:DEARTYEA:\:=<qNVUZ:D]T]TK+G}@F:rK^>vY[UqN~KMAKnK^<VKs]e@Af\Kt]bK+lKM]TK|yRbKFJ4KMfDY[LdKMn8RT:DLHNZY[<;GH@A:RTLO_MY[]T@y
S=UZKMdKML :D]u@A<?YEF:t]bKEA:DLAY[n8RTLdK^EdKUZ:D]bKMSDR&Y[B LnKM<ZK]e@An8RTLAY[<?RTEdK^Ez)LAY[<\>:=UZn8ReNZRT:DUZY[Lz>dKMUZKs@ALdK
:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKtEdKMEdK$EA:DNZ:=U?nrReLdKMUJS=@xK^B ]:=UVK$<Z@nK^<VK$<ZR<Z:8S=YMLAYySMjB K$<Z@UVKMfY[B LnrKM<ZK]e@AnrReLAY[<?RTEdKME !:D]
UZ:D<Z@A]`N~KMEFY8YMFNV:DLARTEAY\@A:^z
76
9;:<>=?@<BADCFE
8HG
9 7 7
Y[L [\wyR-S=YMLAYySD:=n8Y[<h]bK+UZKMfYMB LnrKM<ZK]e@AnrReLAY[<?RTEdKMEXEA:\@ALAKXoOK^]bK|yRbKyz]bKrnKM<ZK+N&jB >FRTSgKrEA:
]bK^<:D<?NZUZ:=]e]bKM<GH@A:7]TKlSDY[LA<qNVReNZ@F[:DL+:=<qN~KMUAKcB EdK^EdKc>Y[U/]bKlKMLONV:DUZRTYMU:|y>AUZ:D<ZR&YMB L5sYMB NZ:=<Z:GH@A:7@AL8_^KM]TY[U
nrK&MY[UQEA: Renr>A]eRTS=KMUdKlB @ALdKnKM<ZKWN&jB >ARTS=KaEA:c]TKa:=<qNVUZ:D]T]TKanr:DEARbK\nrK&MY[UuN~K^naARm:DB L
k)KsUVKMfY[B L nrKM<VK]e@An8RTLAY[<?RTEdK^E:=L ]TKM<Wo[KM]bK|yRTKM<W:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<aEARe<Zn8RTLH@FM:+S=Y[LyY[UZn8:LAYM<anrY&_M:=n8Y[<
PdKMSDRbK;NVRe>vYM<EF:74@AAA]e:4nKMB <N~K^UZEjB Y[</4 -#~ s-# l>dK^UVKcwFKFzH # s-#Vl>dKMUZKWwyr$ # s- #h>dKMUZK
wyS^//<qNVYcRTn8>A]TReSgK7GH@A:4]bKM</oOK^]bK|yRbK^<:=<Z>FRTUVK^]T:=</EA:D]dNVRT>YcwyS4S=Y[LONVRe:=LA:DL+:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<GH@A:7:DL>AU?Y[n8:=EAReY
<ZYML+nK^B <CnrKM<ZR`_^KM<CGH@A:]bKM<GH@A:;SDY[LONVRT:DLA:=L]TY[<YMNVU?Y[</NVRT>Y[<EA:7:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<D/wFKM:=n8Y[<<?RTLr:=nadK^UZo[YAz
GH@A:$:=Lp]bK^<\:=<?NZUZ:D]T]bK^<aEA:$]bKs<?:=S=@F:=LASDRbK>AUZReLAS=Re>dKM]@FLdK2nKg[YMUanK^<VK2RTn8>A]TReSgKFz!KMEA:DnKMB <\EF:t@ALdK
]T@FnrReLAY[<ZReEdKME\<?@A>v:DUZReY[U=z}@ALdKJNV:=n8>:=UVKNV@AUZKl:m:=SDNZRe_^KlNVKMnaARm:=B L8nKgMY[U=<qNV:@FB ]eNVRenrYh>AKMUdKMB n8:DNZUZYcK
<Z@r_[:=f:=<qNKWB U?:=]bK^S=RTYMLdKMEAYlS=Y[Lr:=]S=Y[]eY[U/EA:7]TKl:D<?NZUZ:=]e]bK 4-:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM</SgKM]eRT:DLHNZ:=<<ZY[L+KMf=@A]e:=</8:=<?NZUZ:D]T]bK^<
U=jB KM<-<?Y[LrU?YZKM<D/wyRA]TKM<-:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<GH@A:4KM>Y[U?NVKML\]bK;nrKg[Y[US=KMLONVRTEAKMEEA:x]T@AfQKh]TKM<oOKM]TK|yRbKM<EA:=]ANZRT>Y
wyS^zd<ZY[LX:=<qNVUZ:D]T]TKM<QnK^<ZRe_^KM<Q:D<xEA:J:=<Z>:=UZKMUZ<?:c:DLONVY[LASD:=<G}@F:l<?:gKML$N~K^naARm:DB L$]bKM<QoOK^]bK|yRbK^<u:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<
nKMB <JKMf=@F]T:=<DL:m:=SDNZYAz)@AL2N~KM]UZKMf=YMLdKMn8RT:=LONZYt<Z:\_[:S=YMUZUZYMvY[UZKMEAYtSD@dKMLAEAYX<Z:n8RTEA:\:D]QjB LFEARTSD:
EA:S=Y[]eY[U 8zy>dK^UVKW]eY[<CEFRT<?NZRTLONVYM<CNVRe>vYM<CEA:oOKM]TK|yRbKM</:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D< 4yz [J>dKMUZK\wFKFzyFz MW>dK^UVK\wyz
Fz [a>dKMUZKrw}SM
]A:=<qNV@AEFRTYJEA:Q]bK;:m_[Y[]e@AS=RgY[B L\:=<qNV:D]bKMULAYM<nrY[<qNVUAY;B N~KMnaFRm:=B Lz[GH@A:x]bKM<-:D<?NZUZ:=]e]bKM<!nKM<?Re_^KM<Dz[]T@An8RTLFY[<VKM<
JKMfD@A]T:D<NVRT:DLA:=LJ_}RTEdK^<)NgjB >AReSgKM<AKM<?NVKMLONV:S=Y[UqN~KM<CEF:=]OY[U?EA:=LlEA:EA:=SD:=LdKM<EA:nrRe]T]eY[LA:=<vEA:KLA Y[<Vm9;:
n8YyEAYlGH@A:4<Z@+>AU?:=<?:=LASDRbKc:DL+@ALdKloOKM]TK|yRbK;:=<CRTLAEFRTSgKNVRe_MYJEA:GH@A::=Lr:=]T]TKl:D]>AUZY}S=:D<ZYWEF:Y[U?nKMSDR&Y[B L
:=<qNV:D]bKMUh:D<lAKM<?NVKMLONV:KMSmNVRe_MYA\:=UZY$@ALAKtNVKM]-S=KMUdKMB SmNV:DUgjB <qNVReSgK+:m|yReo[:KMEA:DnKMB <h]TK>AU?:=<Z:DLAS=RTKXEF:\@ALdK
SgK^LHNZRTEdK^EWnrK&MY[U)EA:o[KM<c>Y[]`_[YK4>dK^U?NVReU)EA:=]}S=@dK^]}>F@A:=EdK^LWY[UZnrKMU?<Z:/:=<qNVUZ:D]T]TKM<)L}@F:D_^KM<-K^]}ReLONV:=U?RTY[U
EA:a]TK8o[KM]bK|yRTKF4/]:=<qNV@AEFRTY+EA:W]bK8UZKMS=SDR&Y[B LEA:WnrKM<ZK:=Ls]TK8Y[U?nK8EA:Wo[KM<7:DL2oOKM]bK|FRTKM<x:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<
UVKNVReASgKh]TYJGH@A:4PdKM<?NVKcK^PAY[UVKJPA:DnrY[</EAReS~PAY 4! >dKMUZKWwFKr '
* *
' - #~^HmzH >dKMUZK
wy$2 >dK^UVK8wySM
]S=Y[LONZ:=LAReEAYEA:JnK^NZ:=U?RbKWReLHNZ:=U?:=<?NZ:=]TKMUQEA:J]bKM<Qo[KM]bK|yRTKM<:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<Q>A@A:DEA:lS=Y[LA<?RTEA:DUVKMU?<Z:hY[U?nKMEFY
>Y[UhNVUZ:D<cSDY[n8>vY[LF:=LONV:D<W>AU?RTLASDRT>dKM]e:=< 4cPARTEAUAY[B o[:DLAY$nrY[]e:=SD@A]bKMU8:=LL}@Fv:D<WEA:DLA<VKM<cnrYM]T:=SD@A]bK^UZ:=<Vmz
PAReEAUdY[B oM:=LAYK^NYMB nrReS=Yp>vY[]`_[YA k)KSgKMLONVReEdKMEEA:nrK^NZ:=UZRTK RTLONV:DUZ:=<qNV:D]bKMUX:=L S=KMEdK@ALdKEA::=<
N~K^<rY[U?nKM<8EA:D>v:DLAEA:NVKMnaARm:=B LEF:=]xNVRT>YEF:s@FAA]T:KM]4G}@F:>:=U?NZ:=LA:DS=:2]TKoOKM]TK|yRbKF7<=jB >vYMU
: ?:Dnr>F]TY]bK2UVKMfY[B L:DLONVUZ:]bK2nrKM<VKEA:=FRTEdKKM]QPARTEFUdY[B o[:DLAYnrY[]e:=SD@A]bKMUaK^]4PFRTEAUAY[B o[:=LFYK^NdY[B n8RTS=Y
7l:=<a>dK^UVK]eY[<cEFRT<?NZRTLONVYM<cNVRe>vYM<WEA:@AAF]T:Mz # - # >AKMUVK2wyKMzQ #~ $ # 7
>dKMUZKtwyz- # 7 - #g 7>dKMUZKtwySls- #~M - #V 8>dK^UVK+w}E;<?NZYt>dKMU?:=S=:cRTLAEFRTSgK^UGH@A:a]TKM<4oOKM]bK|}
RbK^<4EF:JNZRT>Y[<x:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<4nKMB <QNV:Dnr>FUVKMLAYM<4<?Y[LXnKMB <xSD:=LONVUZKM]Tn8:=LONV:lS=YMLAEA:=LF<VKMEdK^<7GH@A:l]bKM<xEA:hNVRe>vYM<
N~K^UZEjB Y[<=zOPA:DS~PAYWGH@A:xKg_[Y[U?:=SD:]TKJU?:=@ALFR&Y[B LEA:4o[UVK^LAEA:=</S=KMLONVRTEAKMEA:=<EA:xoOKM<aK^S=RT]eReNVK7]bK;Y[U?nKMSDR&Y[B L
EA:Jn8Y[]m:DB S=@A]TKM<=
k)KS=KMLONVRTEAKMEWEA:C>vYM]e_[Y4:=LW]bKxoOKM]bK|FRTKQ<Z:n8RTEF:n8:=EFRbKMLONV:]bKxEA:mNV:=U?nrReLdKMSDR&Y[B LlEA:]bKx]T@An8RTLAYM<ZRTEAKMEJEA:
]bK4nrRe<ZnrK:DL\:=]F]e: ZKMLFY;RTLFUZKMUZU?Y?Y\ 3! m^/]y>vYM]e_[Y7RTLONV:DUZ:=<qNV:D]bKMU!KMA<ZYMUZ:u]bK7:DLA:=U?odjB K>AUZY&_[:DLART:DLONV:
EA:4]bKM<:D<?NZUZ:=]e]bKM</:DL]bK;Y[U?nKhEA:4UVK^EARbKMSDR&Y[B L@A]`NVUZK&_}ReY[]T:mN~K7\]TKlSDY[LO_yRe:=UqNV:4:=L8UVKMEARTKMS=RgY[B LRTLFUZKMUZU?YZKF
k)KM<Y[A<?:=Uq_MK^S=RTYMLA:=<EA:D]A<VKNy:=B ]eReNZ: xhw$LFUZKMUZ:DE\7<qNVUZYMLAY[n8RTSgK^]dwFK^NZ:=]e]TReNZ:&z^PdK^L8:D<?NVKMA]T:DS=ReEAY;GH@A:
]bK8]T@An8RTLFY[<ZReEdKME$EA:a]TKM<7oOK^]bK|yRbK^<4:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<:=L2:=]RTLyUVKMU?UZY?Yr]T: ZK^LAY:D<;nKgMY[U=z:=L2U?:=]bK^S=R&YMB LsK]TK
]T@FnrReLAY[<ZReEdKMEEA:\]bKM<7nrRe<ZnrKM<7:DL]TKdKMLAEAKXK^f=@A]{z:=L2N~K^LHNZY$nKMB <N~KMU?EjB Yt:D<h:=]!NZRT>YtKM]-GH@A::=]e]bKM<
>:=U?NZ:=LA:DS=:DL$<?NVY:=<lYMNVU?YReLAEAReSgK^NZRe_[Y$EA:8]bKtnrKg[Y[UJEARe<Z>Y[LARTFRT]TReEdKMEsEF:rnrK^NV:DUZRTKM]-:=L:=]/n8:=EAReY
RTLONZ:=UZ:D<?NZ:=]bK^UQ:=LX]bKM<QoOK^]bK|yRbK^<uEA:hNVRe>vYaNVKMUZEjB Y\>dKMUZKY[U?nK^Uu:=<qNVUZ:D]T]TKM<=
Y[n8YJSgKMUAKMB SDNZ:=U=jB <?NZRTSgK7NVKMnaARm:=B L\EARe<?NZRTLONVR`_MK;EF:4]TKM<-oOK^]bK|yRbK^<-:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<=zO<Z:x:DLAS=@A:DLONVUVKl]bK;:|FRe<?NZ:=LASDRbK
$1- ,"
'
8
8
8
7M
!" $#%' &( )*'+
,'.-/"
,10 2'
EA:xK7_M:=S=:D</nKMU?SgKMEFY[<-o[UZKMEART:DLONV:=<!EA:QS=Y[]eY[U!<?Y[AU?:Q<Z@\<Z@F>v:DU?dSDRT:'4!oM:=LA:DUVKM]enr:DLHNZ:u]TYM<-KMA@F]eN~K^nrRe:=Ly
NVYM<SD:=LONVUZKM]T:D<-KM>dK^UZ:=SD:=L\nKMB <)[UZY?Y[<ZG}@F::=]}EARe<ZS=YnrRe<Zn8YAk)K:m|yRe<?NV:DLAS=RTKEA:C:=<qNVY[<o[UVKMEFRT:=LONZ:=<!<?:
EA:Dv:QK4EARe:DUZ:DLAS=RTKM<:DLONVUZ:]bKn8:DNVKM]TReS=ReEdKMEJEA:EFRT<?NZRTLON~K^<U?:=o[ReY[LA:=<EA:]TKoOK^]bK|yRbKxKM<=jB SDY[n8YN~K^naARm:DB L
:=Lt:D]U?ReNVn8YlEA:7Y[U?nKMSDR&Y[B Lr:=<qNV:=]TKMU=z}:=<qNV: @AB ]`NVRTn8YJS=Y[LF:=SDNVKMEAY\SDY[LtEARe:DUZ:DLAS=RTKM<:DLt:=]S=Y[LONV:DLARTEFY\EA:
oOKM<s>Y[]e_MY+:=L]TYM<7EARe<?NVReLONVY[<<Z@AA<?RT<qNV:=nrKM<hEA:\]TKn8RT<ZnrKFhk)K:DLO_[Y[]`NV@AUZK$EF:a:=<qNVUZ:D]T]TKM<;S=YML2@ALdK
n8:DN~K^]TRTSDRTEdK^EnrK&MY[U=z/SDY[LONVRT:DLA:$@ALdK2nrK&MY[UaS=KMLONVRTEAKMEpUZ:=]TK^NVR`_^KEA:t:=]e:=SmNVUZYMLA:=<>AU?YyEA@FS=RTEFY[<\>vYMU
]bK+ReY[LARefgKMSDR&Y[B LEA:\]TY[<7UZ:=]TK^NVR`_^KMnr:DLONV:aK^A@ALAEdK^LHNZ:=<l:=]e:=n8:=LONVY[<7>v:D<VKMEAYM<l>FUZ:=<?:=LONV:D<c:DL:D]T]TK :=<qNV:
RTLFS=UZ:Dnr:DLONVY\:=L$]TKWSgKMLONZRTEdKMEtEF:h:=]T:DSDNZUZY[LA:D<Q>A@A:DEA:JRTLAEA@FS=RTUC@AL$RTLASDUZ:Dnr:DLHNZY\:=L$]bKcS=Y[LASD:=LONVUZKMS=RgY[B L
EA:cRTY[LA:D< ]TYrGH@A:aK8<Z@_M:=faReLAEA@ASD:W@ALdKrnKg[YMUY[>AKMS=ReEdKMEEF:W]bKnrK^NV:DUZRbKyxkK8nKNV:=U?RbK\na@F
Y[>dK^SgKK^A<ZY[U?v:8nKMB <c:mdS=Re:=LONV:Dnr:DLONV:+]TKXUZKMEARbK^S=R&YMB L>FUZY}S=:=EF:=LONV:+EF:=]/RTLONV:DUZReY[UJSgKM]e:=LONKMB LFEAY[<Z:r>vYMU
:=LFS=RTnrKJEA:]eYcGH@A:]TYJPdKMU=jB KJnKNV:=U?RbKhn8:=LAY[<Y[>dK^SgKFKMUVKlnK^LA:DNZ:=LA:DUC:D]:DGH@ART]eRTAU?RTYhPAReEAUZY[<qNK^B NZRTSDY
]bKr:=<?NZUZ:D]T]bK8<Z:\:|F>AKMLAEA:a<Z@2<?@A>v:DU?dSDRT:\<?:a:=LFU=jB KFzvUZ:D<Z>:=SDNZYXK]bKM<:=<qNVUZ:D]T]TKM<7EA:\nKMB <dKZKn8:DNq
KM]eRTS=ReEdKME<?NVU?:=]e]bKM<cS=Y[Lp@AL nrKg[Y[UaSDY[LONV:DLARTEAY2EF:+:=]e:=n8:=LONVY[<W>v:D<VKMEAYM<\<Z:=UAKMB L >Y[Ua:=]KMLONV:DUZRTYMU
KMU?o[@An8:=LONVYJnKMB <UZYZK^<=<?NZ:7K^LxKMB ]TRe<ZRe<-<Z@AnrKMEAYJSDY[Lr]TKhY[A<Z:DU?_^KMSDR&Y[B LEA:KMA@A]`N~KMn8RT:DLONVY[<-SD:=LONVUZKM]T:D<
nKMB <uUZY?Y[<=zARenr>F]TRTS=Kl>Y[UNVKMLONVYGH@A:h:=<qN~K\UZ:Do[R&YMB LtEA:h]bKM<CoOKM]TK|yRbKM<C:=<Z>FRTUVK^]T:=<S=Y[LONVRe:=LA:h@FLdK\nKg[YMU
SgK^LHNZRTEdK^EXEF:l:D]T:Dnr:DLHNZY[<x>v:D<VKMEFY[<GH@A:J]TKaG}@F:lNZRT:=LF:h:=]EARe<ZS=YF
<?NZ:C:m:=SDNZY7<?:_M:UZ:mY[UZf=KMEAY4>vYMU:D]HPA:=S~PAYEA:G}@F:C]TKxnrK^NZ:=UZRTKQG}@F:C>YMNV:DLAS=RTKM]Tn8:=LONZ:>A@A:=EF:CY[U?nKMU
:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<LH@A:m_^KM<l]e@AnrReLAY[<ZKM<KMfD@A]T:D<~C:D<?NKaB SDY[LASD:=LONVUZKMEdK\>AUZReLAS=Re>dKM]enr:DLHNZ::DLt]TY[<CEART<?S=Y[<EA:;]bK^<
oOKM]TK|yRbKM<):D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<=kY[<!<?@AA<?RT<?NZ:=nrKM<!:D<?:DUZY[ReEdKM]T:D<!EA:C:=<qN~KM<oOKM]bK|FRTKM<C:D]yPdK^]TYl:D]FKMF@A]eNVKMnrRe:=LONVY
S=:DLONVUVK^] u:=<qNKMB LSgKM<?R:|y:=LONVY[<EA:lnK^NZ:=U?RbKaRTLONZ:=UZ:D<?NZ:=]bK^Ux$>Y[Ux:=<qN~KUVKMfY[B LsK^]T] jB LAYNVRT:DLA:J]T@Ao[KMUQ@AL
>AU?YySD:=<ZYrKMSmNVRe_MYEA:hY[UZnrKMS=RgY[B Lt:=<qNV:D]bKMUD
NVU?Y>dKMUAKMB n8:DNVU?YGH@A:s<?:s:=LFS=@A:DLHNZUVK :DL>AUZY^@ALAEdKSDY[LA:|FRgY[B LSDY[L:=]xNVRe>vYEA:24@AAA]e:sKM]xGH@A:
>:=U?NZ:=LA:DS=:Q@ALAK7oOKM]TK|yRbKx:=<Z>FRTUVK^]F:=<!:=]}L;@AB nr:DUZY;EF:S@AB nW@A]TY[<o[]eY[A@A]TKMUZ:D<!K7:D]T]TK]TReoOKMEAYM<=]FL7@AB n8:=U?Y
EA:JS@AB nW@A]TY[<QoM]TY[A@F]bKMU?:=<u>dK^UZ:=SD:c<?:=UxnrK&MY[Ux:=LX]bKM<Qo[KM]bK|yRTKM<u:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<QEA:hNVRe>vY[<QnKMB <QNV:Dnr>FUVKMLAYM<
t<?:lReLAS=U?:=n8:=LON~Kyzd>dKMUVK\@ALXn8RT<Zn8YWNZRT>Y8SDY[L$]bK\]T@FnrReLAY[<ZReEdKME+EF:l]TKaoOKM]TK|yRbKF
h:=LA:DUVKM]enr:DLHNZ:<Z:ReLONVUZY}EA@ASD:Mz>dKMUZKXSD@dKMLONVR`dSgKMUl]bKtS=KMLONVRTEAKMEU?:=]bKNVRe_^K+EA:8S@AB nW@A]TY[<Jo[]eY[A@A]TKMUZ:D<=z
@ALdK$SgK^LHNZRTEdK^ESDY[LAY}S=RTEAK$SDY[n8YX]TK 3U?:=SD@A:=LASDRbKX<Z>:=SMjB dSgK$2EA:DLAYMN~K^EdKX>Y[U xzGH@A:<Z:8EA:mdLA:
S=YMnrYAz
6
EAY[LFEA: :=<;]TKr]e@AnrReLAY[<?RTEdKME$EA:W@ALsS=@F:=UZ>YtS=YMLsnK^o[LAReNZ@AEKMA<ZYM]T@FNVKr_}RT<Z@AKM]
ly7]
KMSmNVY[U
:=<l<ZRenr>A]e:=n8:=LONV:@ALKMSmNVY[UJEA:8LAY[U?nKM]eRTf=KMS=RgY[B L NZRT:=LF:8@FL_^KM]TYMU;EA:r-# $#
>dKMUZKoOK^]bK|yRbK^<h:=<Z>FRTUVK^]T:=<lEA:8]TY[<JNVRe>vYwySnKMB <hNVKMUZEAReY[<=z)<Z:rRTLASDUZ:=n8:=LONVKPdKM<qN~KX@AL_^KM]eY[UJEA:
# $ #$>AKMUVK]eY[<JNVRT>Y[<cwFKwy<?NVKM<WYMA<Z:DU?_^KMS=ReY[LA:D<a>dKMU?:=S=:DL RTLAEFRTSgK^UlGH@A:r]bKM<loOKM]TK|yRbKM<
:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<hEA:NVRT>Y[<7NZ:=n8>AUVK^LAY[<hNVRe:=LA:DL]TK+SgKM>dK^S=RTEAKMEEA:\Y[UZnrKMUhnKMB <h:DdSDRT:DLHNZ:=n8:=LONV:8S@AB nW@A]TY[<
o[]eY[A@A]TKMUZ:D<=/<qNVY2YMU?:=SD:tKM]ToM@ALdKM<l>ART<qN~KM<WUZ:=]TK^NVR`_^KM<lKM]C>FUZY}S=:=<?Y2EA:+:m_[Y[]e@AS=RgY[B L EA:+:D<?NZ:NVRe>vYEA:
oOKM]TK|yRbKM<D
<
8
'
97O
$1- ,"
Perfil Kepleriano
Ri
R
(
%
(*
$%4#'
(*,+&
.0+-213#&
4$5*#&+-4
Y[n8YJ<Z:4PdKMB KJn8:=LFS=RTYMLdKMEAYlKM]d>AU?RTLASDRT>AReYAzOKhEAR`:=UZ:DLAS=RTKhEA:Y^NVUZYM</NZRT>Y[<EA:xoOKM]TK|yRbKM<DzO]bK;nrK^NV:DUZRTK
:=L8oOKM]TK|yRbKM<!:=<Zj >FRTUVK^]T:=<:|yPART:xY[UZEA:DLdKMEAYM<Cn8Y&_yRenrRe:=LONVYM<-EA:QNVUZKM<Z]TKMS=RgY[B L\:=LNVY[U?LAYlKM]dS=:DLONVUZYlEA:x]bK^<
n8RT<ZnrKM<DzM:=<!EA:=SDRTU->AU?:=<?:=LON~KML@AL\n8Y&_}RTn8RT:=LONZY7o[]eY[dKM]HEA:uU?YMN~K^S=R&YMB L!k)K;Y[F<Z:=Uq_^KMS=RgY[B LWcnr:DEARTEdKEA:
]bKUZYMNVKMS=RgY[B LaEA:Q]TKM<-oOKM]TK|yRbKM<:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<->:=UZn8ReNZ:uPdKMSD:=U?<Z:xK;@ALdKhReEA:gK;na@yW>AU?:=SDRT<VKhEA:Q]TK7EAReLxKMB n8RTSgK
EA::=<qNVY[<$SDY[nr>F]T: DjB <ZRenrY[<8<ZRe<?NZ:=nrKM<t:=<qNV:=]TKMUZ:D<=wy@Y[A<?:=Uq_MK^S=R&YMB L LFY[<$PdK UZ:D_M:=]TKMEAYKMEA:=nKMB <t]TK
:m|yRe<?NV:DLAS=RTK2EA:$nK^NZ:=U?RbKGH@A:XKM@ALFG}@F:XReLO_yRe<ZReA]T:tKsLH@A:D<?NZUZY[<8RTLA<qNVU?@Anr:DLONVY[<aNZRT:=LF:tSgKM>dK^S=RTEAKMEpEA:
: ?:DUZSD:=UQ@AL$>YyEA:DUZY[<?Y\:D:DSDNVYo[UZKg_yR`N~KMSDRTY[LAKM]<ZY[AU?:h]bKWU?:=<qN~KMLONV:JnrK^NV:DUZRTKc]T@FnrReLAY[<VKlEA:h]bKcoOKM]bK|FRTKF
7EF:=nKMB <=zC]bK2:m|yRT<qNV:DLAS=RTKEA:$@ALdKS=Y[U?UZ:D]bKMSDR&Y[B Lp:=LONZUZ:X]bK2nK^o[LAReNZ@AEpEA:X]bK2UZYMNVKMS=RgY[B LpoOKM]gKMB SDNZRTSgK
]bKX]T@An8RTLFY[<ZReEdKMERTLONVU=jB LA<?:=SgKEA:]TKn8RT<ZnrK$<Z:+LAYM<aUZ:m_[:=]TKsS=Y[n8Y@FL >vY}EA:DUZY[<?Y2np:mB NVY}EAY>dK^UVK]TK
EA:mNV:=U?nrReLdKMSDR&Y[B LtEA:J]TKM<QEART<qN~KMLFS=RbK^<QG}@F:lLFY[<x<Z:=>AKMUVKMLEA:J:=]e]bKM<D
k)K2S=@AUq_MK2EA:$U?YMN~KMSDR&Y[B L EF:t]bKM<\oOK^]bK|yRbK^<W:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<X $
JW<Z:$Y[yNVRT:DLA:t>Y[U\]bKsY[F<Z:=Uq_^KMS=RgY[B L
EA:D]-EA:=<?>A]bK^fgKMn8RT:DLHNZYtEAY[>A>F]T:=U7EA:\]bKM<] jB LA:gKM<7EA:a:=n8RT<?R&Y[B L o[:DLA:=UZKM]Tn8:=LONV:W]bK+] jB LA:gK8EA:\]TYM<Jy\S=n
:=n8ReNZRTEdKc>vY[UQ:D]PAReEAUdY[B oM:=LAYLA:D@FNVU?Y8GH@A:J<?:l:DLAS=@F:=LONVUZKrEARe<?NVU?RTA@FRTEAY\K^>AUZYg|yRTnrKMEdKMn8:=LONZ:;>vYMUuNVY}EAY
:=]EART<?S=Y EF:s]bKoOKM]bK|FRTKO\KEARe<?NVReLON~KM<8EART<qN~KMLFS=RbK^<UZ:D<Z>:=SmNVYpK<?@S=:=LONZUZYA k)KM<SgKMUZKMSDNZ:=U=jB <?NZRTSgK^<
o[:DLA:=UZKM]T:D<rEA:$]TKM<S=@AUq_MK^<8NgjB >AReSgKM<\Y[yNV:=LFRTEdKM<8>dKMUZK]TKM<\oOKM]TK|yRbKM<\:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<<Z:X>AU?:=<Z:DLON~KML:DL]TK
do[@FUVKF y/LX:=]T]TKM<u<?:lU?:=SDY[LAY}S=:=LX@ALdK<Z:DUZRe:lEF:lU?:=o[@F]bKMU?RTEdKMEF:="< 4/]bKW_M:=]eYySDRTEdKME$EA:hU?YMN~K^S=R&YMB LX<?:
RTLFS=UZ:Dnr:DLON~Kan8Y[LxYMB NZY[LdKcr]TReLA:gKM]enr:DLONV:4:=L$]bKW>AKMU?NZ:;RTLONV:DUZReY[UCEF:h]bKWoOK^]bK|yRbKo[:DLA:=UZKM]Tn8:=LONZ:;:=Lt:D]
RTLONZ:=UZReY[UEF:=]K^A@A]eNVKMn8RT:=LONZYWS=:DLONVUVK^] z zAKM]eSgKMLFfgKW@AL$nKB |yRTn8Yt
J:DL
r]T@A:Do[Y
EA:DS=UZ:DS=:cUVKM>AReEdKMn8:=LONV:h>AKMUVKnK^B <xNVKMUZEF: qunrKMLONV:DLA:=U?<Z:lS=Y[LA<qN~KMLONZ:cPdK^<?N~KUZ:Do[RTYMLA:=<xna@F
KM]e: ZKMEdK^<QEA:=])S=:DLONVUZYrEA:J]bK\oOKM]TK|yRbKF-kKEA:D>v:DLAEA:=LFS=RbK8EA:J]bKa_[:D]TY}S=ReEdKMEXEA:JUZYMNVKMS=RgY[B LzA:DL]bK^<uNVUZ:D<
EARe<?NVReLON~KM<UZ:Do[RTY[LF:=<nr:DLAS=ReY[LdKMEdK^<=zH<ZY[L@AL+RTLFEARTS=K^NVR`_[YJEARTU?:=SmNVYWEF:7]bKJEARe<?NVU?RTA@FS=R&YMB LrEA:4nrKM<VKl:=L+]TK
oOKM]TK|yRbKF
(
9
7
!" $#%' &( )*'+
,'.-/"
,10 2'
LX<Z:DLAS=Re]T]eY\KMLxKMB ]eRT<?RT<EFRTLxKMB n8RTSDYaLAY[<xn8Y[<?NZUVKMUAKMB ]bK^<uS=Y[LF<Z:=SD@A:=LFS=RbK^<EA:D]EART<qNVReLHNZY\S=Y[n8>Y[U?NVKMnrRe:=LONVY
UZY^N~KMSDRTY[LdK^]EA:J]bK^<uoOKM]TK|yRbKM<u:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<xK\EARe<?NVReLONVY[<QUZKMEARTYM<u<ZY[FUZ:J]bKaEARe<?NZUZRTF@AS=RgY[B LtEA:JnK^<VKa:=LX]bK^<
n8RT<ZnrKM<D
8
D8
7
<;EA:DS=RTU:=Ls]TKrU?:=o[RgY[B LReLHNZ:=U?RTY[U4EA:W]TKM<4oOKM]bK|FRTKM<x:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<\EFY[LAEA: S=U?:=S=:W]TRTLF:gKM]enr:DLHNZ:JS=Y[L2]TK
EARe<?N~K^LAS=RTK\KM]S=:DLHNZUZY8oOKM]gKMB SDNZRTS=YOC]bKanrK^NV:DUZRTKa<Z:JEART<qNVU?RTA@FM:J:=L$Y[UZnrKaPAY[n8Y[o:DB LA:gKF
9
A<>=
]bKa<?:=o[@FLAEdKr]e:DEA: 5 :DQNZY[L:DL:D<?NZ:lS=KM<ZYFzdRTn8>A]TReSgKWGH@A:^z
8
<rEF:=S=ReU=z]bK2nrKM<VK2[GH@A:D<?RT:=LONZ:]TKnrK^NZ:=UZRTKs:=L:=<qN~KUZ:=oMR&Y[B Lz:=<8S=YMLA<?NVKMLONV:X<ZRTLpRenr>Y[U?NVKMUa]TK
EARe<?N~K^LAS=RTKKM]S=:DLHNZUZY+o[KM]&KMB SmNVReS=YsKM]KM]e: ZKMU?<Z:cEA::=B ]LAYtK^>dKMUZ:DS=:cLARTLAoM@ALdKSDY[LONVUZReA@ASDR&Y[B LL}@F:D_^KtK
:=<qN~KsS=KMLONVRTEAKME<?NVYRenr>A]eRTS=K$GH@A:t]TKEA:DLA<ZReEdKMEpEA:+nrK^NV:DUZRTKKM]e] jB :=<KM>FUZYg|yRTnrKMEdKMn8:=LONV:rLH@A]bKF
<?NVKcUZ:Do[R&YMB L8EF:4]TKhoOKM]bK|FRTK;<Z:4>A@A:DEA:SDY[LA<?RTEA:DUVKMUSgKM<?RdS=Y[n8>A]e:DN~K^nr:DLHNZ:Q_MK^S[jB KhU?:=<Z>:=SmNVYWKl]TKM<nK^B <
EA:DLA<VKM<4UZ:Do[RTYMLA:=<QReLHNZ:=U?RTY[U?:=<=
97
$1- ,"
mzRTn8>A]TReSgK
:=<JEA:DS=ReUh]bKtnK^<VK+S=YMLHNZ:=LAReEdK$:=n8>ART:DfgK$KtRTLASDUZ:=n8:=LONVKMUZ<?:8SDY[LFY[U?nr:\LFY[<JKM]T:ZKMn8Y[<hKtEART<qN~KMLFS=RbK^<
nrK&MY[UZ:D<hEA:=]!S=:=LONZUZY$EA:\]bKroOKM]bK|FRTKFh EARe<?NVKMLAS=RTKM<7NVKML2o[UVK^LAEA:=<Dz)K+]bKM<7G}@F:aOKtLAYt<ZYMLYMA<Z:DU?_O
KMA]e:=<QS=KMLONVRTEAKMEA:=<xSDY[LA<ZReEA:=UZKMA]e:=<QnrK^NV:DUZRbKa]e@An8RTLAY[<ZKFz lGH@C:lB nK^NZ:=U?RbKW>A@F:=EA:l>AUZY}EA@ASDRTUu:D])KM>Y[U?NZ:
LA:DS=:=<ZKMUZReYc>AKMUVKh:=]dReLAS=U?:=n8:=LONVYlY[A<?:=Uq_MK^EAYc:DLr]TK;nK^<VKhS=Y[LONZ:=LAReEdK [<qNV:xPdKM]e]bKMfDo[YhPdKhRTLAEF@AS=ReEAY
K>v:DLA<VKMUK\]TY[<4KM<qNVU?YMqB <?RTS=YM<Q:=L]TK\:m|yRT<qNV:=LFS=RbKEA:lRTLAn8:=LF<VKM<QS=KMLONVRTEAKMEA:=<4EA:l@ALdK>v:DS=@A]eRbKMUuYMUZnrK
EA:nrK^NV:DUZRbK+S=KMUZ:DLONV:8EAj :>AUZY[>FRT:=EAKMEA:=<l:=n8RT<?Re_^KM<;>:=U?YGH@A:>YyEFUgjB K+<?@AnrKMUJ@ALdK$A@A:=LAK$UZKMS=SDR&Y[B Lz
nKMB </EA:=][ z EA:4]bKhnK^<VK;NVYMNVKM]dEA:x]bKhoOK^]bK|yRbKy!k)KJS=Y[n8>vYM<ZRTSDR&Y[B L\EF:4:D<?NVKcnrK^NV:DUZRbK;:D<K^@AL8NZ:=nrK
EA:aEF:=dK^NZ:Mz>:=U?Y$KM]ToM@ALAY[<SgKMLAEFRTEdK^NZY[<7>AKMUZ:DS=:=L:D<?N~K^U;UZ:DS=RTFRT:=LFEAY+]bK8nKgMY[U;EA:a]TKM<;KNV:=LFS=RTYMLA:=<D
LFYaEA:;:D]T]TYM<C]eYWS=YMLA<?NZReNV@y[:=Lt]eY[<EF:=LAY[n8RTLAKMEAY[<4u <lKM<Z<?Re_M:lY[nr>AKMSDNu7KM]eY }?:=SmNz
Y[}?:mNVY[<cKM<qNVUZY^qjB <ZReS=Y[<hY[U?nK^EAY[<J>vYMUlnrK^NZ:=UZRTKtS=Y[LO_[:DLAS=ReY[LdKM]7nrK^NZ:=UZRTKtdKMUZRgY[B LAReSgKO7>:=U?Y:DLY[U
nrKM<xUZ:=]TK^NVR`_^KMnr:DLONV:h:m|uYMB NZRTS=KM<SDY[n8Y8]TK8EF:WKMoM@?:=U?Y[<xLA:=o[U?Y[<=z:DLdKMLdKM<nK^UZUZYMLA:=<xY8:=LdKMLAKM<U?YZKM<Dz
]TYM<SD@dKM]T:D<S=KMUZ:DS=:DL2SgKM<?R>Y[U4S=Y[n8>A]T:mNVY8EA:WSD@dKM]eG}@FRT:=U4>AU?Y[>ART:DEdKME:=n8RT<ZR`_^K8>Y[U4]bKG}@F:a>A@AEARe:=UZKML
<Z:DU;EA:mNV:=SmN~KMEFY[<= NZUZY[<SgKMLAEFRTEdK^NZY[<7nKMB <:m|uYMB NVReS=Y[<]TYrS=Y[LA<qNVR`NV@FM:=L2>Y[U7:?:=n8>A]TYrLA:=@FNZUZReLAY[<7SDY[L
nrKM<VK+Yt]TKM<;EA:DLAY[n8RTLdKMEAKM<;q<r:gK 8LHNZ:=UZKMSDNZRTLAoKM<?<ZR`_[:8!KMUqNVReS=]T:gmzKC@FB L2nKMB <7EAReqjB S=RT]e:=<
EA:4EA:DNZ:=SmN~KMUC>v:DUZYWGH@A:>vY}EAU=jB KMLEdKMUS=@F:=LON~KWEF:]TKlnrKM<VKJo[UZK&_}R`N~KMLONV:xLAYc]T@An8RTLFY[<VKhEA:4]bKJnKgMY[UgjB K
EA:J]bK^<QoOKM]bK|FRTKM<u:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<=
@dKMLFEAYc<?:x:=<?NZ@AEARTKMLS=Y[n8>dKMUZK^NVR`_MK^nr:DLHNZ:]TKM<>AUZYM>ART:DEdKMEA:D<EA:x]bK;S=@FU?_^KhEA:xUZYMNVKMS=RgY[B L\EA:QoOKM]TK|yRbKM<
:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<xEA:JEART<qNVRTLONZYNZRT>YEA:W4@AAA]e:htEART<qNVReLHNVK\]T@An8RTLAYM<ZRTEAKMEt@ALdKUZ:Do[@A]bK^UZRTEAKMEt<VKM]e:lK8]TK]e@AfM
k)Kl_M:=]TY}S=ReEdKMErnKB |yRenKhEA:UZYMNVKMS=RgY[B LrEF:=>:=LAEA:7EARTU?:=SDNVKMn8:=LONV:EA::D<?NZY[<uEAY[<X@AB ]eNZRTn8Y[<>dKMUAKMB n8:DNVU?Y[<=z
<ZRe:=LAEFY\nKg[YMU=zF>AKMUVKaoOK^]bK|yRbK^<CEA:7]bKWn8RT<?nKl]T@An8RTLAYM<ZRTEAKMEzH:=Lt]TKM<:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<uEA:NVRT>Y[<NVKMUZEFRTY[<Dz}Mz
EA:DLHNZUZY+EF:=])nrRe<Zn8Y\NVRT>YAzd>dK^UVKK^G}@F:=]T]TKM<xGH@A:cNZRT:=LF:=L]TK\nKg[YMU]e@AnrReLAY[<?RTEdKMEL]TKAo[@AUVKF
<Z:hU?:=>AU?:=<?:=LON~KML@AL$S=Y[L?@ALONVY\EA:hSD@AU?_^KM<xEA:hU?YMN~KMSDR&Y[B LEA:hoOKM]TK|yRbKM<CS=Y[LtEARe<?NZRTLON~KM<]T@An8RTLAYM<ZRTEAKMEA:=<
>dKMUZKSgK^EdK+@ALAYtEA:\]eY[<NZRT>Y[<7EF:\@AFA]T:^J/L:D]T]bK^<<?:\PdKMS=:WS=]bK^UVK]TKrUZ:D]bKMSDR&Y[B L<Z:HLd K^]bKMEdKyJwyR!<?:
UZ:D>AUZ:D<Z:DLHNVKa:=Lr@ALdKcoMUdK^B dS=Kl]TKlnrKMo[LFReNV@FErK^A<ZY[]e@FN~KJEA:@ALdKJoOKM]bK|FRTKh:=<Z>FRTUVK^]SDY[LONVUZKc<Z@8_[:D]TY}S=RTEAKME
nKB |yRTnrKEF:WUZY^N~KMSDR&Y[B L:=]UZ:=<?@A]eNVKMEAYr:=<7SDY[n8Y<Z:cna@A:D<?NVUZK:=L]bK\do[@AUZKF 5YMB NV:D<Z:cG}@F:a]TY[<x>A@FLHNZY[<
:=Lt:D<?NVK@FB ]eNVRenKho[UAK^B dS=KW<Z:hK&?@A<?NVKML$KW@ALtSDY[L?@ALONVY\EF': 7WUZ:DSDNVKM<l@ALAKW>vYMUSgK^EdKWNVRe>vYcEA:;:=<?>ARTUZKM]
S=YML:DS=@dKMSDRTY[LF:=<=z
- #~O-]TYMo
!7-#g wFKO
l&- #-]TYMo
$ # y wFKO
l[ #~]TYMo
!7-# 7F wFKO
:=<?NVKU?:=]bK^S=R&YMB L :DLONVUZ:]bK _[:D]TY}S=RTEAKMEnKB |yRTnrK EA:UZYMNVKMS=RgY[B L EA:]TKM<$oOKM]TK|yRbKM<t:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<$<Z@
nrKMo[LAR`NV@AE$KMF<ZY[]e@FN~K\<Z:J]TKSDY[LAY}S=:JS=YMnrY\U?:=]bK^S=R&YMB LXEF: @A]e]eO$ 3!Re<ZPA:DU=k)K\RTn8>Y[U?NVKMLAS=RTKWEA:J@AL$N~KM]
PdKM]e]bKMfDo[YAz<Z:\LAYM<;UZ:m_[:=]TKt:=L2:=]!PA:=S~PAY$EA:\GH@A:\:D<?NVK @FB ]eNVRenKUZ:D]bKMSDR&Y[B L>A@A:=EF:\<Z:=Uh@yNVRT]eRTf=KMEdKS=Y[n8Y
9
'
9
'
9
'
<
<
<
7[
!" $#%' &( )*'+
,'.-/"
,10 2'
9 7[
@AL n :DB NZYyEFY>dKMUZK]TKEA:mNV:=n8RTLAKMS=RgY[B LEF:EARe<?N~K^LAS=RTKM<c:|}NVUVK^oOKM]&K^B SDNVReSgKM< 4a>Y[UWn8:=EFRTY[<l:=<?>v:DSDNVUZKM]T:D<
>A@A:DEA:xY[FNZ:=LA:DUZ<Z:x]TK;S=@AUq_MKhEA:QU?YMN~K^S=R&YMB L\EA:Q@ALdKhoOKM]TK|yRbK7:D<Z>AReUVKM]F:=L@ALS@AB na@F]TY;EA:Qo[KM]bK|yRTKM<!SD@FOK
EARe<?N~K^LAS=RTK8:D<;EA:=<?S=Y[LFYySDRTEdK EA:c:=<?NVK>A@A:DEA:a<?:=U;EA:DEA@ASDRTEdK8]bK8_M:=]eYySDRTEdKMEnKB |FRenK\EA:cUZYMNVKMS=RgY[B L
:=]UZ:DS=Y[LFYySDRTn8RT:=LONZYcEA:D]NZRT>YWEA:7@AFA]T:EA:7]TKloOK^]bK|yRbKh8]bKJ@FNVRe]TRefgKMSDR&Y[B LEA:]bKJUZ:=]TKMS=RgY[B LEF: @A]T]`H
3!Re<ZPA:DUCSDY[UZU?:=<Z>Y[LAEFRT:=LONZ:7>A@A:DEA:;>AU?Y&_[:=:DUZLAYM<dLdKM]enr:DLONV:4:=]d_^KM]TY[U/EA:<Z@+nrKMo[LFReNV@FErK^A<ZY[]e@FN~KJGH@A:
KM]d<?:=US=Y[n8>dKMUZKMEdKhS=Y[L8]bKhnrKMo[LAR`NV@AE8KM>AKMUZ:DLHNZ:EF:]TKJo[KM]bK|yRTK;LAY[</EdKJ:=]nYMB EA@A]TYhEF:<?@EARe<?N~K^LAS=RTK
tSDY[L:D]T]TKa]bKaEARe<?N~K^LAS=RTK\K8]TKaG}@F:c<?:l:DLAS=@F:=LONVUZKr:=]S@AB na@A]eY\EA:JoOKM]bK|FRTKM<u:D<?NV@FEARbKMEFYA
$1- ,"
6
45*#-+
LFYEA:c]TY[<KM<Z>:=SmNVY[<nK^B <<?Y[AUZ:D<VKM]eRT:DLHNZ:=<EA:W]TKM<o[KM]bK|yRTKM<QGH@A:aKMPFY[UVK8LAY[<7Y}S=@F>dKMLz:=<:=]EA:W]TK
:m|yRe<?NV:DLAS=RTK8:DL<?@A<xEART<?S=Y[<xEA:J]eY8GH@A:JSDY[LAY}S=:=n8Y[<xS=YMnrYAUZKMf=Y[<x:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<=
kY[<;AUZKMf=YM<;:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<;LAY+<?Y[LYMNVUZKS=Y[<ZK+GH@A:aUZ:Do[RTYMLA:=<;EF:=]-EARe<ZSDY+EA:a:D<?N~K^<hoOKM]bK|FRTKM<4:=L2]bK^<7GH@A:
<Z:$K^S=@Ana@F]bKML ]TKo[UVK^L nKg[YMUgjB KEA:t:=<qNVUZ:D]T]TKM<anrKM<ZR`_MK^<W ]e@AnrReLAY[<ZKM<cEF:t]bKsoOKM]TK|yRbKXnrRe<ZnrKKM<=jB
S=YMnrYX@ALdKF@A:=LdK>dKMU?NZ:rEF:]bK^<lLH@A:=<WnKMB <lEA:DLA<VKM<cGH@A:+]bK$S=YMnr>Y[LA:DL$]C:D<Z>dKMSDRTY:=LONVU?:]TYM<
AUZKMf=Y[<rLAY <?::=LFS=@A:DLHNZUVK S=YMnr>A]e:DNVKMnr:DLONV:$_MK^S[jB YFzQKM]T] jB :=<>vY[<?RTA]e:$:=LASDY[LONVUVK^U+:=<qNVUZ:D]T]TKM<rnW@AS~PAY
n8:=LAY[<\]e@An8RTLAY[<ZKM<c L}@Fv:D<8EFRe@A<ZKM<=kK2>AU?:=<?:=LASDRbK2EA:$:=<qNVUZ:D]T]TKM<anrKM<ZR`_MK^<W ]e@AnrReLAY[<ZKM<a:=Lp:D]
]T@FoOKMUQEA:l]TY[<xAUZKMf=YM<aKM<gjB S=YMnrY8@ALdK8o[UVKMLXS=YMLAS=:DLHNZUVKMSDR&Y[B LEA:lL}@Fv:D<7EA:DLA<VKM<V4:D<7RTLFEARTS=K^NVR`_[Y\GH@A:
:=]e]bKM<S=Y[U?UZ:=<?>vYMLAEA:=LKrK^SDNVR`_^KM<QUZ:Do[RTY[LF:=<QEA:hY[U?nKMSDR&Y[B Lt:D<?NZ:=]bK^U=
A<Z:DU?_^KMLAEFY@ALo[UVKMLS=Y[L?@ALONVYEF:oOK^]bK|yRbK^<t<Z:>A@A:=EF:UZ:DS=Y[LFYySD:=UX]bKp:m|yRT<qNV:=LFS=RbKpEA:>vYMU]eY
n8:=LAY[<hNZUZ:=<JNVRe>vYM<hART:DLEAR`:=U?:=LASDRbKMEAYM<lEF:8:D<?NZUZ@ASmNV@AUZKM<W:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=< 4J]bKM<hEA:DLAY[n8RTLdK^EdKM<J:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<
EA:Co[UVKMLWEART<?:}LA YAz^]bKM<:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<!EA:CAUVKMfDY[<!n @AB ]eNZRT>A]e:=<c]bKM<:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<EF:uAUVK^f=Y[<UVKMo[n8:=LONVKMEAY[<D-k)K
:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<EA:o[UZKMLhEART<?:HLA YQ:D<?NK^B LcSDY[LA<?NZReNZ@ARTEdK^<UZ:Do[@A]bK^UZn8:=LONV:->Y[UEAYM<AUVKMfDY[<:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<<ZRenp:mB NVUZReS=Y[<
na@FART:DLEA:DdLFRTEAY[<Dak)KM<h:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<hEA:\AUZKMf=YM<ln @AB ]eNZRT>A]e:=<x>AU?:=<Z:DLON~KML@ALS=Y[L?@FLHNZY$EA:nKMB <7EA:
EAY[<!AUVKMfDY[<-:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<-<?RTLa@ALAK;<ZRTn8:DNZUgjB K>:=U?:DSDNVKF-k)KM<-:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<-EF:uAUVK^f=Y[<!UZKMo[n8:=LON~K^EAY[<=zM:=<?NVKML
Y[U?nKMEAKM<>vYMU]bKhS=Y[]e:=SDS=R&YMB L8EF:xNZUZY[fDY[</EA:4@ALdKJo[UVKMLS=KMLONVRTEAKMErEF:4FUVKMfDY[</:=<Z>FRTUVK^]T:=</<?RTL8LARTLH@Ao[@FLdK
S=YMLA:m|yR&YMB L/7>AU?Y&|yRenKMEAKMnr:DLONV:h@AL [
k)K\UZ:=]TKMS=RgY[B L$:=LONVU?:J:=])<Z:DLHNZRTEAY8EA:JUZY^N~KMSDR&Y[B LtEA:l]bK^<QoOKM]bK|FRTKM<u:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<ut]TKnrKMLA:DUVK\S=YMnrY<Z:J:DLy
_}@A:=]`_[:DL2<Z@A<AUVKMfDY[<7>:=U?nrR`NV:lEARe:DUZ:DLAS=RTKMUxEAY[<NZRT>Y[<4KMEAReS=RTYMLdKM]T:D<xEA:W:D<?NVU?@ASDNZ@AUVK^< 4x]bKM<4GH@A:aK^G}@jB
EA:DLAY[n8RTLdKMU?:=n8Y[<$:=<qNVUZ@FSDNV@FUVKM<s:DLO_[Y[]`_[:=LONZ:=<NZUVKMRe]TReLAop<?NVU?@ASDNZ@AUZ: $ :=<qNVU?@ASDNZ@AUVKM<UZ:DNZUdY[B oMUVKMEdK^<
]e:gKMEFRTLAo<?NZUZ@ASmNV@AU?:&L:D]x>AUZRenr:DU8S=KM<ZY]bKUZYMNVKMS=RgY[B L<Z:X>AUZY}EA@ASD::=L:=]xnrRe<Zn8Y<Z:=LONZRTEAY:=L
:=]QGH@A:$<?:X:DLO_y@F:=]e_M:=L]eY[<aAUZKMf=YM< _[:DUAo[@AUVK F [m @ALAGH@A:X>dKMUZ:DS=:$]bKsnKMB <\LdKNV@AUZKM]uEA:$]bK^<
S=YMLFdo[@AUZKMS=ReY[LA:D<=zAEdK^EAY\GH@A:h<Z:;NZRT:=LFEA:JKaS=U?:=:=UQGH@A:h]eY[<uAUZKMf=YM<u:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<u<ZY[L$>AU?YyEF@AS=ReEAY[<u>Y[Uu]TK
UZY^N~KMSDR&Y[B L8EARe:DUZ:DLAS=RTKM]dEA:7]TKlnrK^NZ:=UZRTKh:=L+:D]vEARe<ZSDYWEA:]bKJoOKM]bK|FRTKFz[EA:]TYlGH@A:7PdK^A]bKMU?:=n8Y[<KcSDY[LONVRTL}
@dKMSDR&Y[B LzO]bK;:=<qNVU?@ASDNZ@AUVKJnK^B <S=Y[n @AB L\:=LONVU?:]TKM<-oOK^]bK|yRbK^<-:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<:=</]bK;:D<?NVU?@ASDNZ@AUVKJUZ:mNVUAY[B o[UVK^EdKh:=L
]bK\GH@A:l]bK\UZY^N~KMSDR&Y[B L$EA:J]bK\nrK^NV:DUZRTK:DL:D])EART<?S=Y8EA:J]bK\oOKM]TK|yRbKa<Z:lUZ:=KM]TRefgKa:DLEAReUZ:=SDS=RgY[B L$S=Y[LONVUZKMUZRTK
K\]bK\EAReUZ:=SDS=RgY[B L$:=LX]bKaGH@A:l<Z:J:=LO_}@A:=]`_[:DLs]TY[<QFUVKMfDY[<=
4SD@xKMB ]d:D<:D]dY[UZReo[:=L\EF:4]eY[<AUZKMf=Y[</:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=< [z xG}@C:B >AU?YySD:=<?Y[<qjB <ZReS=Y[<!YcK^<Z>:=SDNZY[<EA:x]bK;EAReLxKMB n8RTSgK
oOKM]gKMB SDNZRTS=K7RTLAEF@AS=:DLr@ALAKJNVKM]dKMo[]eY[n8:=UVK^S=R&YMB LaEA:x:=<qNVUZ:D]T]TKM<:=LN~KML>:=SD@A]TRTKMUZ:D<-\UZ:Do[@A]bK^UZ:=</fDY[LdKM</EA:D]
<
/ =
-
>)/ )?!
0 $/H!J$;*> $>H
^O
!" $#%' &( )*'+
,'.-/"
,10 2'
Espiral Envolvente
Espiral Retrgrada
Situacin Inicial
$1- ,"
!RTo[@FUVK\F`& 4/]>AU?Y[A]T:DnKaEF:=]):=LAU?Y[]T]TKMn8RT:=LONZYWEA:J]TYM<QAUVKMfDY[<x:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<=
Y[U?nKMSDR&Y[B LWEA:xAUVKMfDY[<:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<>vYMU:D:=SmNVYlEA:Q]bK;U?YMN~K^S=R&YMB L\EARe:DUZ:=LFS=RbK^]AEA:Q]bK;nrK^NZ:=UZRTK7:=L8:=]dEFRT<ZSDY
EA:J:=<qN~KM<4oOKM]TK|yRbKM<Dzy<?:c]eY\S=Y[LFYySD:lSDY[n8Y8:D]>AUZYMA]T:DnKaEA:D]:=LAU?Y[]T]TKMn8RT:=LONZY$
nr:DEARbKMEFY[<QEA:W]TK\EA:=S=KMEdKrEF:r& [rK^>dKMUZ:DS=RgYrB :DL:=])n8:=EAReY\NV:YMB UZRTSDYr:D])G}@F:W:=<4S=YMLA<ZReEA:=UZKMEAYPFY
@ALAYEA:X]TY[<n8: ?Y[U?:=<8nrY}EA:=]eY[<\>dKMUZK:|F>F]TRTS=KMU]bKKM>AU?RTS=RgY[B LpEA:XAUVKMfDY[<8:=<Z>FRTUVK^]T:=<8:=L]TY[<EARe<ZSDY[<
oOKM]gKMB SDNZRTSDY[<=/]n8YyEA:D]TY>AU?Y[>A@A:D<?NVYr>vYMU;7 7kReLX( 3dUVKML 8XwyPH@zv:|y>A]TReSgK]bK8KM>dKMU?RTS=RgY[B L$EA:W:D<?NVKM<
>:=S=@F]TRbK^UZ:=<c:=<qNVUZ@FSDNV@FUVKM<DzC>Y[UW:m:=SmNVY2EA:D]unrY&_}RTn8RT:DLONVYX:=L :=]nr:DEARTYRTLONV:DUZ:=<qNV:D]bKMUcEA:t@ALdKsY[LFEdK
KMS@FB <?NVReSgKJEA:4>dKMU?NZRTSD@A]bKMU?:=</SgK^UVKMSmNV:=U=jB <qNVRTS=KM<=-/<qN~KlY[LAEdKFz}S=YMLAYySDRTEdKJS=YMnrYl@ALdKlY[LAEdKlEA:EF:=LA<?RTEdKMEz
NVRe:=LA:^zEA:$:DLHNZUVKMEAKFz@ALAKY[U?nK2:D<Z>AReUVKM]p<?:nW@A:D_M:SDY[nrY@ALpNVY}EAYUZY^N~KMLAEFYK@ALdKUVKM>FRTEA:Df
KMLAoM@A]bKMU!SgKMUAKMB SDNZ:=U=jB <?NZRTSgKy-L8Ny:=B U?nrReLAY[<-EA:x]TK;UZYMNVKMS=RgY[B LEA:Q]bKhY[LAEAKJEF:4EF:=LA<?RTEdKME8<Z:x>A@F:=EA:xEAR`_yReEARTU
:=]EARe<ZS=YEA:]TKXo[KM]bK|yRTK$:DL EAY[<cEART<qNVReLHNVKM<lUZ:=oMRTY[LA:D<=$ @ALdKEARe<?NVKMLAS=RTKXEF:DdLAReEdKEA:D]CSD:=LONVU?YAz-]TK
_[:D]TY}S=ReEdKMEaK^LAo[@A]TKMUEF:uUZYMNVKMS=RgY[B LWEF:]TYM<!S=@F:=UZ>Y[<-:DLa:=]yEART<?S=Y;:D<-]bKxn8RT<ZnrKxG}@F:u]bK4S=Y[U?UZ:=<?>vYMLAEART:DLONV:
KW]TKWY[LAEdKcEA:;EA:DLA<ZReEdKMEzdK^]T] jB ]TKcnrK^NV:DUZRbKl<Z:;:DLAS=@F:=LONVUZK:DLtUZ:D>vY[<?Y\UZ:D<Z>:=SDNZY8KW@ALt<ZRe<?NZ:=nrKW@ALAReEAY
KM]>dKNVUdYMB LY[U?nKMEFY8>Y[Ux]bK\Y[LFEdKFu :=<qN~K8EART<qN~KMLASDRbK<Z:l]bK\S=YMLAYySD:cSDY[n8YrUZKMEARTYEA:cS=Y[U?UZYMNVKMS=RgY[B L
EARe<?N~K^LAS=RTKM<+n8:=LAY[U?:=<tK^];UVKMEFRTY EA:2SDY[UZU?YMN~K^S=R&YMB Lzx]bK UVK^>ARTEA:DfsEA:2]TK nK^NZ:=U?RbK:DL:=];EARe<ZSDY:D<
nrK&MY[UKs]bKsSDY[UZU?:=<?>vY[LFEART:DLHNZ:XK]TKsY[LAEdK 4+]TKsnKNV:=U?RbK:DLp:=<?NVKM<UZ:Do[RTY[LF:=<a_^KK:D]u:=LFS=@A:DLHNZUZY
EA:+]TKY[LFEdKs<Z@A>:=UAKMB LAEAYM]bKF2k)KnrK^NZ:=UZRTKnKMB <aK^]T]&K$B EA:D]UVK^EARTYEA:+S=YMUZUZY^N~KMSDR&Y[B L>vY[UW:=]S=Y[LONVUZKMUZReY
:=LyUZ:=LONVKFz>Y[U\<Z@pn8:=LAYMU\UVKM>AReEA:=ftEF:$NZUVKM<?]bKMSDR&Y[B L U?:=<?>v:DSDNVYK2]bK2Y[LAEAKFz/:=]Q>dKM<?YEF:t]bK2nrRe<ZnrKF
L KMnadKM<rUZ:Do[RTY[LF:=<=z4:=]>dKM<?Y EA:2]bKYMLAEdK Y :D];nrY&_}RTn8RT:DLONVYEF:s]bKnrK^NZ:=UZRTKKMEF:=]bK^LHNdKMB LAEAYM]bKFz
RTLFEA@AS=:l:=L:=])n8:=EAReY8@FLdK8SDY[LASD:=LONVUZKMS=RgY[B LEA:lnrK^NV:DUZRbK\ReLAEA@ASDRTEdK\>Y[Ux]bK\>AUZ:D<Z:DLAS=RTKrEA:l]bKnrRe<ZnrKF
]!NV:DLH@A:nr:DEARTY+ReLONV:=U?:=<qNV:=]TKMU;GH@A:<Z:\SDY[LASD:=LONVUZK$Y[U?nKrL}@Fv:D<lEF:=LA<ZKM<=z)EAY[LFEA:\]bKM<7S=Y[LAEFRTS=ReY[LA:D<
>dKMUZKt]bKY[U?nKMSDR&Y[B LEA::=<?NZUZ:D]T]bK^<;LH@A:D_^KM<l<Z:\_[:DLKg_MY[UZ:DS=RTEAKM<=]:=LFS=@A:DLHNZUZYEA:=]-n8:=EFRTYtS=YML]TK
Y[LAEAK7EA:uEA:DLA<ZReEdKMEWNZRT:DLA:>A@F:=<-SDY[nrY7:D:=SmNVY;>FUZRTLFS=RT>AKM]H]bK7K^>dKMUZReS=RgY[B LcEF:u@ALdK7LH@A:m_^K;o[:=LA:DUVKMSDR&Y[B LWEA:
:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<=LONVUZ:C:=]e]bKM<@ALAK>:=GH@A:HLd KxUVKMSDS=RgY[B LcEF:=]HNVYMNVKM]O:=<qN~KMUAKB :=Lc]bKQY[UZnrKQEA::=<?NZUZ:D]T]bK^<nrKM<?Re_^KM<=z
]T@FnrReLAY[<VK^<-KMf=@F]T:=<DzyGH@A:4S=YMnr:DLAfgKMUAKMB LrKlReY[LARTf=KMU-:D]n8:=EFRTYJRTLONV:DUZ:D<?NV:D]bKMU/SDRTUZSD@ALAEdK^LHNZ:MzHY[UZnrKMLAEFY
]bK^<UZ:Do[RTYMLA:=<Q4Z/SgK^UVKMSmNV:=U=jB <qNVRTS=KM<uEA:7]TY[<uFUVKMfDY[<uEA:h]TKM<oOK^]bK|yRbK^<C:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<=/k)KM<:=<?NZUZ:D]T]bK^<UZ:DS=Rm:=B L
LdKMSDRTEdK^<-S=Y[LONZRTLH@dKMUAKMB L\<Z@n8Y_}RenrRe:=LONVY:=L\NVY[U?LAYhKM]yS=:DLHNZUZYJoOKM]gKMB SDNZRTSDYA!k)KM<!nKMB <!nKM<?Re_^KM<aKMfD@A]T:D<
S=@F]Tn8RTLdKMUZKMLX<Z@A<hSDY[U?NVKM<_}RTEAKM<;KMLONZ:=<hEA:WKMdKMLAEFY[LdKMU;:D]FUVKMfDYt:=Ls:D]!GH@A:a<?:aPdKMLsY[U?nK^EAYAz:=<qNV:
EdKK2:=<?NVKM<8:=<?NZUZ@ASmNV@AUZKM<8:=]QS=YMnr>dK^SDNVYKM<?>v:DSDNVYGH@A:X:=]T]eY[<a>AU?:=<?:=LON~KMLS=@dKMLFEAY<?:$]bKM<:m|FKMn8RTLAK
:=L]TK+]T@Afa:DnrR`NVReEdK:=L]TK+dKMLAEdK$KMfD@A]-EA:D]-:=<?>v:DSDNZUZY$_yRe<ZReA]T:^Wk)KM<hn8:=LAYM<hnKM<?Re_^KM<7]T@An8RTLFY[<VKM<
S=YML :=n8RT<?RTY[LA:D<W>AU?RTLASDRT>dK^]Tn8:=LONV::=L :D]CU?Y?YAz!S=YML_}RTEdKM<lN&jB >ARTS=KM<cGH@A:<Z@A>:=UZKML S=Y[L nW@AS~PAYs:D]
3
+.1
+.143
576
*
^H
!" $#%' &( )*'+
,'.-/"
,10 2'
3!Reo[@AUVKtye[
4c]U?:=<Z@F]eN~K^EAY$EA:r@FLdKX<?RTna@F]bKMSDR&Y[B Ls:DL]TKtG}@F:r<?:8nW@A:=<qNVUVKX:=]:m:=SDNZYGH@A:NVRe:=LA:]TK
A> U?Y[>dKMoOK^S=R&YMB LXEF:c@ALAK8Y[LFEdK8EF:cEA:DLA<ZReEdKME<ZY[AU?:c:D])nr:DEARTY>AU?:=<Z:DLONV:W:DL:D]EART<?S=YEF:l@FLdKroOK^]bK|yRbK
tGH@A:lRTLAEF@AS=:h]TK\YMUZnrKMS=RgY[B L+EA:JLH@A:D_^KM<4:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<=
NVRe:=n8>vY\GH@A:JReLH_}Re:=U?NZ:=L$:=LXS=YMnr>A]e:DNVKMUu@ALdKa_}@A:D]eN~K\:DLXNZY[UZLAY8KM]S=:=LONZUZY8oOKM]&K^B SDNVReS=YAzFKMdKMLFEAY[LdKML$:D]
AUZKMf=Y:=LX:=]GH@A:JY[U?RTo[ReLdKM]enr:DLHNZ:7<?:JYMUZnrKML++>A@F:=EA:DL:=LXUZ:D>v:mNVReEdKM<QY}SgKM<?RTY[LA:D<x:=LASDY[LONVUVK^U4Y^NVUZYM<
AUZKMf=Y[<DQk)KM<4:=<?NZUZ:D]T]bK^<4EF:c:D<?NV:lNVRe>vY>A@A:DEA:=L2>AKM<VKMUxnKMB <xEA:W]TK\nrR`N~KME$EA:l<Z@_}ReEdK8:DL:D]ReLONV:=U?RTY[U
EA:4@ALFUVKMfDYW:=<?>ARTUZKM] zH:D]NZRT:Dnr>YJUZ:=<qN~KMLONZ:7]TYl>dKM<ZKML:DL:D]v:D<Z>dKMSDRTYl:=LONVU?:7AUZKMf=YM<=/YMUC:D<?N~KlUVKMfY[B L
S=@AKMLAEAY8<Z:J:m|FKMn8RTLAK]TKa:=n8RT<?R&Y[B LtEA:J]TKo[KM]bK|yRTKW:=LX]bKadK^LAEdKUZYZK\EA:D]:=<Z>:=SmNVU?Yr_}RT<?RTA]e:MzAK^@ALAGH@A:
EA:JLH@A:D_MY<?:cPdK^S=:=L$_}RT<?RTA]e:=<Q]TYM<QAUVKMfDY[<x<Z@Xo[UZYM<ZY[UQ<?:lPAKMS=:lnKgMY[U=
wyRena@A]bK^S=RTYMLA:=<;ReLFY[U?nK^B NZRTS=KM<7SDY[nr>F]T:DNVKM<hna@A:D<?NZUVKMLG}@F:8]TK+Y[UZnrKMS=RgY[B L2EA:AUZKMf=Y[<J:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<J>vYMU
:D:DSDNZYEA:2]TK >AUZYM>dKMoOKMSDR&Y[B L:DL:D];EARe<ZS=YpEA:oOK^]bK|yRbK^<EA:Y[LAEAKM<tEA:EA:=LF<ZRTEAKME:D<t@AL >AUZY}S=:D<ZY
:DAS=RT:DLONV:JtGH@A:JS=Y[LAEF@AS=:cK\:=<?NZUZ@ASmNV@AUZKM<7SDY[n8Y\]bKM<udLAKM]Tn8:=LONV:hYMA<Z:DU?_^KMEdKM<W_M:=UQdo[@FUVKF`[
7@FLAGH@A:+KM]eo[@ALAYM<cS=KMvYM<cGH@A:DEdKML <?@A:=]`NVY[<l:=L:=]nrY}EA:=]eY$EA:r]TKXYMLAEdKEF:rEA:DLA<ZReEdKMES=@F:=<?NZRTY[LF:=<
S=YMnrY]bKxEA:GH@C:CB >AUZY}EA@ASD:]bKxY[LAEAKEA:CEA:=LA<?RTEdK^EanrRe<ZnrKFzS=@xK^B ]y:D<!<Z@W:=<?NVKMARe]TRTEAKME:=<qNV:u<?:>AU?:=<?:=LON~K
S=YMnrYX:=]nK^B <l:m:=SmNVRe_MYn8:=EAReY>AKMUVKX:m|y>A]TReSgKMUJ]TK$Y[U?nK^S=R&YMB LEF:r:D<?NVU?@ASDNZ@AUVK^<a:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<lEF:o[UZKML
EARe<Z:HLA Y\tEF:lFUVKMfDY[<xn @AB ]`NVRT>F]T:=<D
]YMUZRToM:=LEF:]bK:=<qNVUZ@FSDNV@FUVKEA::=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<EA:AUVKMfDY[<rUZKMo[n8:=LON~K^EAY[<8>dKMUZ:DS=:sU?:=<?>vY[LFEA:=UtK@AL
n8:=SgK^LART<?nrY+:DLONV:=UZKMn8:=LONV:\EARe<?NZRTLONVYAl4LAYtEA:a]eY[<;nKMB <;>A@AF]TRTSDReNVKMEAY[<4nrY}EA:D]TY[<G}@F:\UZ:=<?@A:=]`_[:DL:D]
>AU?Y[A]T:DnK\:D<?NK8B KM<?YySDRbKMEAY8KM]EF:=LAY[n8RTLAKMEAY>AUZY}S=:D<ZY8EA:JY[UZnrKMS=RgY[B Lt:=<qNV:D]bKMUQ:D<?NVY}SK^B <?NVReSgK8KM@FNZY[>AUZY
>dKMo[KMLONV:r w}NZYyS~PAKM<?NZRTSMzF<Z:=]`b>AU?Y[>dKMo[K^NVReLAo\<?NVKMUuY[UZnrK^NZRTY[LzAwAwFw 3
L:=]4n8YyEA:D]TY<Z:s>AKMU?NZ:EA:@ALEARe<ZS=YPAY[n8Y[o:=B LF:=YEF:nrK^NV:DUZRbKRTLONZ:=UZ:D<?NZ:=]bK^U8:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<=k)K
na@A:DU?NZ:EA:4]bK^<:D<?NZUZ:=]e]bKM<nKMB </nKM<?Re_^KM<KMS=KM:=SD:4_}RTYM]T:=LONVKMnr:DLONV:x:=L+]TK;Y[UZnrKlEF:@ALAKc:m|y>A]eY[<ZRgY[B L8EA:
<Z@F>v:DUZLAY&_^KFz}G}@F:4>FUZY}EA@AS=:4@ALdKJY[LAEAKJEF:S~PAY}GH@A:4:=L8:=]dn8:=EAReY;G}@F:4>F@A:=EA:4RTLFEA@AS=ReU]bK;Y[U?nKMSDR&Y[B L
EA:$:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<\LH@A:D_^KM<8:=L:=]C_[:=SDRTLAEAKMUZReYEF:X]TK2:=<?NZUZ:D]T]bKs>FUZY[o[:DLAReNZY[UVKy L:D<?N~K^<8U?:=o[ReY[LA:D<8Y^NVUVK^<
:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<+LdK^S=:=Lna@A:=U?:=LN~K^naARm:DB L:=L]bKY[UZnrKEA:<Z@F>v:DUZLAY&_^KM<tGH@A:RTLAEF@AS=:DLNVKMnaARm:=B L]TK
Y[U?nKMSDR&Y[B LpEA:YMNVUZKM<:D<?NZUZ:=]e]bKM<Dzu<Z:S=U?:gKMLU?:=o[ReY[LA:D<]TY}SgK^]TRTf=KMEdKM<WEA:=]EART<?S=YEF:]bKoOKM]TK|yRbKFzGH@A:
>Y[U:m:=SmNVYtEA:c]bKUZYMNVKMS=RgY[B LEAR`:=U?:=LASDRbKM])EA:c]bKnrRe<ZnrKrKMEFY[>FN~K^L]bKY[UZnrK\N&jB >FRTSgKEA:a@FLNVU?Y[f=YrEA:
:=<?>ARTUZKM] 9;:c:D<?NVKnK^LA:=UZKFzdna@AS~PdK^<7UZ:Do[RTYMLA:=<4EA:JY[UZnrKMS=RgY[B L$:=<qNV:=]TKMU4RTLAEA@FS=RTEAK8>Y[Ux]bK:m|y>A]eY[<ZRgY[B L
EA:4<Z@A>:=U?LAY&_^KM<_[:DS=ReLdKM<=z}S=U?:gKMEAKM<SDY[LA<?NVKMLONV:Dnr:DLHNZ:7:DL+:=]EARe<ZS=YcEA:4]bKJoOKM]bK|FRTK78EA:DY[U?nK^EdKM</>vYMU
:D:DSDNZYrEA:J]TKU?YMN~K^S=R&YMB LtEARe:DUZ:=LFS=RbK^]EA:J]bKaoOK^]bK|yRbKan8RT<?nKyzySDUZ:gK^L:=]:m:=SmNVY8EA:J@ALdK\:=<?>ARTUZKM]S=@FMY[<
AUZKMf=Y[<xPdK^L<?RTEAY\UVK^o[nr:DLON~KMEAYM<=
KMUdKMB n8:DNZUZY
wF
Sg9
~ \KWqM q[\KWq[ ~aKW 7
& & & & & &
9;R&KMB n8:DNZUZYXIJ>S& & Kt&[ 7[[Kt&[[ lKrM[
&
g[ &Kt&[
8
<
<
'
<
<
'
<
'
8
'
'
^ [
!" $#%' &( )*'+
,'.-/"
,10 2'
<Z:8UZ: d: ZK$:=L]TY[<hReLAn8:=LA<?Y[<h_MK^]TY[U?:=<hEA:8]bKtUVK^fY[B LnK^<VK ]T@An8RTLAYM<ZRTEAKMEGH@A:8]bKM<hS=KMUVK^SDNV:DUZRefgKEA:D]
Y[U?EA:=LXEA:&[ m
k)KM<!o[KM]bK|yRTKM<):=] jB >FNVReSgKM<)LAYMUZnrKM]T:D<=zMGH@A:>v:DU?NV:DLA:=SD:=L8K]eY[<)NVRT>Y[<oOQz[slSgQzM<?Y[LaSD@A:=U?>vY[<!S=:=LONZUVKM]
n8:=LONV:4S=Y[LFS=:=LONZUVKMEAYM<CSDY[L]e@AnrReLAY[<?RTEdKMEF:=<!nrKM<VK^<ReLONV:=U?nr:DEARbK^<=-k)KJUVKMfY[B L8nKM<ZK]e@An8RTLAY[<?RTEdK^Ez
:=<Qn8:=LFY[UGH@A:h]TKWGH@A:h>AUZ:D<Z:DLHNVKML$]bKM<CoOKM]TK|yRbKM<C<Z@A>:=U?o[RToOK^LHNZ:=<DzF>:=UZY\nrKg[Y[UG}@F:h]bKWEA:7S=@dKM]eGH@ART:DU
oOKM]TK|yRbKu:D<Z>AReUVKM]{k)KM<)oOK^]bK|yRbK^<]T:DLHNZRTSD@A]bKMU?:=<EA:/]TY[<NZRT>Y[<EA:C@AAF]T:CwFQl-w ,uOz^<?Y[LlS=]bK^<ZReASgKMEdK^<
K\nr:DLH@AEAY8S=Y[n8YoOKM]bK|FRTKM<u:D] B >yNVRTS=KM<EF:c]e@AnrReLAY[<?RTEdKMErRTLONV:DUZn8:=EARTKFzdQ
]bK^<uoOKM]TK|yRbKM<:=] jB >FNZRTSgK^<:=LAKMLdKM<lj Ed<ZY[L$Y[}?:mNVY[<u@FLAEdKMn8:=LON~K^]Tn8:=LONV:;EFRT<?NZRTLONVYM<uEA:h]bK^<oOKM]TK|yRbKM<
:=] jB >FNZRTS=KM<;LAY[U?nK^]T:=<D84:D>AUZ:D<Z:=LONVKML oOKM]TK|yRbKM<7EA:rnrKM<ZKtEFRTn8:=LA<?RTY[LA:D<h>v:DGH@A:HLd KM<D+4LdKXEF:8<?@A<
nKMB <x>v:DS=@A]eRbKMU?:=<xSgKMUZKMSDNZ:=U=jB <?NZRTS=KM<x]bK\S=Y[LF<?NVR`NV@FM:W@ALAKrn8:DN~K^]TRTSDRTEdK^E+]T:m_[:=n8:=LONZ:Wn8:=LAY[UxGH@A:l]bK\GH@A:
:m|yPARev:DL]TKM<hoOKM]TK|yRbKM<;:D] jB >FNVReSgKM<;LFY[UZnrKM]T:D<=z)]TY$GH@A:8:=L @AB ]eNZRTnrKr:=<qNKXB S=Y[LA:DSDNVKMEAYSDY[LEARe:DUZ:=LFS=RbK^<
:=LX<Z@F<>AU?YySD:=<?Y[<x:D_[YM]T@FNZRe_[YM<=
k)KM<o[KM]bK|yRTKM</:=] jB >FNVReSgKM<:D<?:DUZY[ReEdKM]T:D<:DLdKMLdKM<DzF<?Y[L+oOKM]TK|yRbKM<:DLdKMLdK^<uS=Y[L@ALdKcAK=jB <?RTnrKl]e@AnrReLAY[<?R`
EdKME22@FLFUZRT]e]TY+<?@A>:=U?AS=RbK^]-na@F2AK?YAwy:\]TKM<hPdKtEA:mNV:=SmN~KMEFY<AY[B ]TYt:DL]TK_[:=SDRTLAEAKMEEF:8]TKi\jB K
klKMB SDNZ:gKF
3!ReLdKM]Tn8:=LONZ:r]TKM<aoOKM]TK|yRbKM<l:=LAKMLdKM<KMfD@A]T:D<=z/<ZYML Y[}?:DNZY[<\RTLH@A<?@dKM]enr:DLHNZ:tKMfD@A]T:D<=z/S=Y[Lj B LAEAReS=:=<WEA:
S=YM]TY[U
G}@F:lYM<ZS=Re]bKMLt:DLONVUZ:ca$Fz 7tzd:=]SDY[UZU?:=<Z>Y[LAEFRT:=LONZ:WK\:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<QEA:J]bKa<?:=SD@A:=LASDRbK
>AU?RTLASDRT>dKM]!EA:=]NVRe>vYt:D<Z>:=SmNVUVK^]Ccz]TY$GH@A:rReLAEAReSgK+]bKt:|FRe<?NZ:=LASDRbK:DL:D<?NVKM<co[KM]bK|yRTKM<;EA:_}RTo[Y[U?Y[<ZYM<
>AU?YySD:=<ZYM<EA:hY[U?nK^S=R&YMB L+:=<qNV:=]TKMU=
]AUZRe]T]TYh<?@A>:=U?AS=RbK^]!nr:DEARTEFYl:DLnrKMo KMUZSD<Z:=S EA:]TKhnKg[YMUgjB KJEA:4]bKM</oOK^]bK|yRbK^<:=] jB >FNVReSgKM<<?RTo[@F:
:=]EF:=LAY[n8RTLAKMEAY\>:=U?A]EA:JEA:hiKM@AS=YM@A]T:DUZ<=zANVKMnaARm:=B L$]T]TKMnrKMEdKc]TK\]bKa]T:m z
M
- # 7O M
ExY[B LFEA: :=<):D][AUZRe]T]eY<Z@F>v:DU?dSDRbKM][n8:=EFRTEAYQ:DLl:D][S=:DLONVUZY4EA:]TKuoOKM]bK|FRTK :=<):D][EA:=LFY[nrReLdKMEAYQUZKMEAReY
:D:DSDNZRe_[YFzyEA:mdLAReEAYcSDY[n8YcK^G}@F:=]EA:=LONZUZYWEF:=]S=@dK^]:D<C:DnrR`NVReEdK;]bKhn8ReN~K^E8EF:4]TKh]T@AfQNVY^N~KM]d>AU?YyEF@AS=ReEdK
>Y[UQ]bKWo[KM]bK|yRTKF-k)K\S=Y[LF<?N~K^LHNZ:lFz 7[ [aPdK\<ZReEAY\EA:mNV:=U?nrReLdKMEdKaYMA<Z:DU?_^KMS=ReY[LdKM]enr:DLONV:hn8:=EARTKMLONV:;:D]
:=<qNV@AEFRTYEF:cna@FS~PdKM<7o[KM]bK|yRTKM<x:=] jB >FNVReSgKM<QGH@A:cY[:=EA:DS=:=L:=]>v:DU?d]XEA:l]TY[<4KMA@F]eN~K^nrRe:=LONVY[<xEA:l]bK^<
oOKM]TK|yRbKM<:=<Z>FRTUVK^]T:=<QGH@A:l>dKMU?:=SD:=L$N~KMnaFRm:=B L$<ZK^NVRe<?KMSD:=UQ]bK\]e:D+EF:=<ZSDUZR`N~KF
3dUZ:DS=@A:DLHNZ:=n8:=LONV:<Z:>ARe:=LA<ZKpGH@A:]bK^<toOKM]bK|FRTKM<+:D] B >yNVRTS=KM<<?Y[L >vY[FUZ:=<X:=L oOKM<+>vY[]`_[YA <qNVY
<Z:r:m|y>A]eRTSgKXKMEA@FS=RT:DLAEAY@AL nrK&MY[UlUZReNZnrY$EA:Y[U?njKMSDR&Y[B L:D<?NV:D]bKMUl:=L]bKM<hKM<?:=<cNZ:=n8>AUVK^LdKM<lEA:]TK
:D_MY[]T@FS=R&YMB LEF:X]TKlKM]TK|yRbKY>C:DB UZEAReEdK2EA:=]QnrK^NV:DUZRTKM]>Y[U:D:DSDNVYEA:$<Z@RTLONZ:=UVK^S=S=RgY[B LpS=Y[L:=]xoOK^<
:=L:=]/S@AB nW@A]TY[<hEF:roOK^]bK|yRbK^<JKM]/G}@F:r>:=UqNV:=LF:=S=:DLX<?N~KXS=U?:=:=LFS=RbKX<Z:8PdKX_}Re<?NVYX>dKMUqNVReS=@A]TKMUZn8:=LONV:
EA:D<?_}RTUqNV@dKMEAK;>vY[UUZ:DS=RT:DLONV:=<YMA<Z:DU?_^KMS=ReY[LA:D<G}@F:uEA:=nW@A:=<qNVUVK^L8GH@A:uKM@ALAGH@A:Q:DL\nr:DLAY[U!SD@dKMLONgjB K7GH@A:
:=LX:=]S=KM<ZY8EA:l]bKM<QM:=n8>vY[]`_^KMEdKM<?\oOKM]bK|FRTKM<u:D<Z>AReUVKM]e:=<=zF]bKM<QoOK^]bK|yRbK^<u:=] jB >FNZRTSgK^<uLAY[U?nKM]e:=<Q>YyEFUgjB K^L
S=YMLHNZ:=LA:DUReLAo[:DLHNZ:=<xSgK^LHNZRTEdK^EA:=<xEA:JoOKM<Qt>Y[]`_[YA
LFYEA:]TY[<$nKMB <XRTLONVU?RToOKMLONZ:=<XKM<Z>:=SmNVY[<GH@A:U?YyEF:gK:D]J:=<?NZ@AEAReYEA:]bKM<$oOK^]bK|yRbK^<t:=] jB >FNVReSgKM<$]eY
S=YMLA<?NZReNV@y[:l:=]Y[U?RTo[:DLtEA:J<Z@$Y[UZnrKF
LAK$>FUZRTn8:=UZKrNV:DLON~K^NZRe_^Kt>dKMUVK+:|y>A]TReSgKMUh]TK>v:DS=@A]eRbKMUY[UZnrKEA::=<qNVY[<J<?RT<?NZ:=nrKM<h:=<qNV:D]bKMU?:=<h>A@A:DEA:
<Z:DUr:D]xS=Y[LA<?RTEA:DUVKMU:D]4:m:=SmNVYGH@A:$NVRe:=LA:$<?Y[AUZ:X@AL<ZRT<qNV:DnKRTLAReS=RTKM]Tn8:=LONV:r:=<q&:=B UZReS=YEA:XnK^NZ:=U?RbKFz
]bKsU?YMN~K^S=R&YMB LoM]TY[dK^]EA:D]4<?RT<qNV:=nrKFpk)KKM>dKMU?RTSDR&Y[B L EA:$:m:=SDNZY[<8S=:=LONZUgjB @Fo[Y[<<ZY[FUZ:$:=]Q<?RT<?NZ:=nrK2:=L
UZY^N~KMSDR&Y[B L]TY$Y[F]TRTo[KMUgjB KKXKMEAY[>FNVKMUh@ALdK$Y[UZnrK+:=]eRT>A<?Y[RTEAKM]!SDY[L@AL: ?:>AU?:D:DUZRTEFY {$:?:=<lRTo[@dK^]T:=<
8
'
9
<>=
<>=
'
c
a
b
Elipsoide Triaxial
c
a
Elipsoide Prolato
Elipsoide Oblato
!Reo[@AUZK\Fe& 4 QRT>Y[<QEA:J:=]eRT>A<?Y[RTEF:M
:=LONZUZ:h<ZRv+@ALAY\EFRT<?NZRTLONVYFzy_[:DUudo[@AUZKyeM14-@AL$:=]eRT>A<?Y[RTEF:7Y[A]TK^NVYW:=L$:=]GH@A:h:?:h>AUZ:m:=U?RTEAYaNZRT:=LF:
@ALdK2]eY[LAo[R`NV@AE n8:=LAYMUK]TKsEA:t]TYM<\YMNVU?Y[<\EAY[<: ?:D<Y@FL:D]TRe>A<ZY[ReEA:+>AU?Y[]bKNVY z:=Lp:=]QGH@A:$:=]Q:?:
>AU?:D:=U?RTEAY8:=<nKgMY[UxG}@F:W]TYM<4:?:=<4RTo[@AKM]T:D<=uLKMnaY[<xSgKM<?Y[<7]TKEFRTUZ:DS=SDR&Y[B LXEA:=]):?:W>AU?:D:=U?RTEAY8EA:D]
:=]eRT>A<?Y[RTEF:;S=Y[ReLAS=ReEARTU=jB KWSDY[L$]bK\EA:D]: ?:JEA:JUZYMNVKMS=RgY[B L$EA:J]bKaoOK^]bK|yRbKcS=Y[n8Y@ALXNZYyEFYA
k)KM<YMA<Z:DU?_^KMS=ReY[LA:D<tEA:=na@F:=<?NZUVKML<?RTL:DnadKMU?o[Y GH@A:s]TKnrKg[Y[U=jB KEF:s]bKM<8oOKM]TK|yRbKM<8:=] jB >FNZRTS=KM<r<?:
K?@A<qN~KMLS=Y[LA@A:DLdKr>AU?:=SDRT<ZRgY[B LXK8:D]TRe>A<ZY[ReEA:=<QNZUZRbK|FRTKM]T:D<uSgK^UZ:=LONZ:=<7EF:cSD@dKM]TGH@ARe:=Ux: ?:l>AU?:D:=U?RTEAYFzdEA:
n8YyEAY\GH@A:lLAY>A@A:DEA:l<Z:=Ux]TKU?YMN~K^S=R&YMB LtEA:J]bK\oOKM]TK|yRbKW]TKaG}@F:cGH@A:JEA:mNV:=U?nrReLdKML$<Z@$Y[U?nKF
LAK4LH@A:m_MKx:m|y>A]eRTS=KMS=RgY[B Lh_[:]bKu]T@FfM/]OEFRT<?NZRTLONVYxEARgKMB n8:DNVU?YQSgKMUZKMSDNZ:=U=jB <?NZRTSDY4EF:]TKM<oOKM]TK|yRbKM<:=] jB >FNVReSgKM<
:=LEART<qNVReLHNVKM<xEARTU?:=SDS=RTYMLA:=<W<?@:=]eRT>FNZRTSDRTEdKMEdC>A@A:DEA:cNVKMnaARm:=B L$<Z:DU7:m|y>A]eRTS=KMEdK>vY[Ux]TK:|yRT<?NZ:=LASDRbK8EA:
KMLARe<ZYMNZUZY[>B KM<:=L]bKEARe<?NZUZRTF@AS=RgY[B L2EA:a_[:D]TY}S=ReEdKMEA:D<hEA:]bKM<;:D<?NZUZ:=]e]bKM<7:=L]bKM<7NZUZ:D<hEARTU?:=S=SDRTY[LF:=<hGH@A:
EA:mdLA:=L<Z@Aj <c: ?:=< 4c@FLdK>AU?:D:DUZ:=LFS=RbKK$NZ:=LA:DUWSDY[nr>Y[LA:DLONV:=<lEA:8]bKt_[:D]TY}S=RTEAKMEnrKg[Y[U?:=<l:=L@ALdK
EAReUZ:=SDS=RgY[B LtPdKMU=jB KaGH@A:J]bKM<:=<?NZUZ:D]T]bK^<u<Z:lKM]e: ?:=L$EA:D]S=:DLONVUZY8EA:h]TKaoOKM]bK|FRTKaKaEARe<?N~K^LAS=RTKM<unrK&MY[UZ:D<x:=L
:=<ZK8EFRTUZ:DS=SDR&Y[B Ltt:D]UZ:=<?@A]eNVKMEAY<Z:DUgjB K:D]EA:lKM]bK^UZoOKMUuKM]<ZRe<?NZ:=nrK:DL]TK\EARTU?:=S=SDR&Y[B L$ReLAEARTS=KMEdKF
]bKM<oOK^]bK|yRbK^<aGH@A:K^EAY[>FNVKML<?@Y[U?nKs>Y[U:D:DSDNZYEA:$]bK2U?YMN~KMSDR&Y[B LpEA:X]bK^<\:=<?NZUZ:D]T]bK^<8GH@A:X]bK^<
S=YMLA<?NZReNV@y[:+<?:+]bKM<lEA:DLAY[n8RTLdKXoOKM]bK|FRTKM<l<ZY[>Y[U?NVKMEdKM<c>vYMUc]TKUZY^N~KMSDR&Y[B LYMUa:=]S=Y[LONZUVKMU?RTY<?:+]bK^<
]T]TKMnrKo[KM]bK|yRTKM<\:=] jB >FNZRTSgK^<8<?Y[>Y[U?NVKMEdKM<r>vY[U8]bK>AUZ:D<ZRgY[B LK K^G}@F:=]T]TKM<8G}@F:EA:Dv:DL<Z@Y[U?nKK]TK
RT<?YMNVU?Y[>jB Ka:=LX]bKaEARe<?NVU?RTA@FS=R&YMB LtEA:h_[:=]eYySDRTEdK^EA:=<D
:DEARbKMLONZ:\Y[A<Z:DU?_^KMSDRTY[LA:D<JEA:=]n8Y&_yRenrRe:=LONVY+KM>dKMU?:=LONV:\EA:]TKM<;:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<;EA:@ALAK$o[KM]bK|yRTK:=] jB >FNZRTSgK
:=<W>vY[<?RTA]e:r:D<?NVKMA]T:DS=:DU\<ZR<?@ Y[UZnrKPAK<ZReEAYs>AU?YyEA@FS=RTEAK>vYMUW]bKXUZYMNVKMS=RgY[B LY>vY[Uc]bK>FUZ:=<?R&Y[B LEA:
]bK^<;:=<qNVUZ:D]T]TKM<;:=L<?@<?:=LAYAWL@ALAK+oOKM]bK|FRTKGH@A:EA:=AK$<?@2Y[UZnrK+Kt]bKU?YMN~K^S=R&YMB LzsGH@A:<?:gKt>vYMU
N~K^LHNZYJ@ALr:D]TRe>A<ZY[ReEA:uY[F]bK^NZYAz[]bK;U?:=]TKMS=RgY[B L\:=LONVU?:]TK7_[:D]TY}S=RTEAKME\EA:xUZYMNVKMS=RgY[B LEA:Q]bKhoOK^]bK|yRbKyz ) zO\]TK
EARe<Z>:=UZ<?R&Y[B L8EA:x_[:D]TY}S=RTEAKMEA:=<UVK^EARbKM]e:=<EA:4<Z@F<:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<=z -zH:D<?N~K^UdKcB U?:=]TKMS=ReY[LdKMEdKhSDY[L<?@:=]eRT>FNZRTSDRTEdKME
KM>dK^UZ:=LONZ:l>Y[UQ]TK:|y>AUZ:D<ZR&YMB Lz
3
)
<>=
$
'
^
!" $#%' &( )*'+
,'.-/"
,10 2'
yw :a>F@A:=EA:WnrY[<qNVUZKMUGH@A:W>dKMUVK8GH@A:a@ALdK+o[KM]bK|yRTK:D] jB >FNVReSgK<Z:gK+U?YMN~K^S=RTYMLdKM]Tn8:=LONZ:l<?Y[<?NZ:=LAReEdKFzvEA:=:
S=@Fnr>A]eRTU?<Z:hGH@A:Mz
) - # )
!
*
k)KM<uY[F<Z:=Uq_^KMS=ReY[LA:=<xna@F:=<?NZUVKMLtGH@A:h]TKM<uoOK^]bK|yRbK^<:=] B >FNZRTS=KM<CLFY[UZnrKM]T:D<AU?RT]e]bKMLONV:D<C:=Lto[:DLA:=UZKM]]bK^<
oOKM]TK|yRbKM<:=LdK^LdKM<h<ZYML<?Y[>vYMU?N~K^EdKM<;>Y[Uh]bKr>AUZ:D<ZR&YMB Lj\wuYMB ]TYt]bK^<;oOKM]TK|yRbKM<:=] jB >FNVReSgKM<nK^B <;AUZRe]T]TKMLONV:=<
l& ;^- #[zdKM<=jB SDY[n8YNVKMnaARm:=B Lt]eY[<xKMA@A]`N~KMn8RT:DLONVY[<uEF:l]TK\nKg[YMUgjB KaEF:l]TKM<QoOKM]TK|yRbKM<
:=<?>ARTUZKM]T:D<=zS=@F[KsEART<qNVUZReA@ASDR&Y[B LEA:AU?RT]e]TY$<Z@A>:=UqdS=RTKM]<Z:+na@F:=<?NZUVK:DL :m|}NZUZ:=n8Ys<?RTn8RT]bK^UhK]bK$GH@A:
:m|yPARev:DL]TKM<QoOKM]TK|yRbKM<:=] jB >FNVReSgKM<DzF>YyEFUgjB K^Lt<Z:=UxU?YMN~KMSDRTY[LAKM]Tn8:=LONV:7<ZY[<qNV:=LFRTEdKM<D
"$#
;,345g345=.
F` 57cQ 7[+:=<h@ALAK$o[KM]bK|yRTKr:=<?>ARTUZKM]wyK$SDY[L@ALdK_M:=Y[]eS=RTEAKME2nKB |FRenKrEA:\UZYMNVKMS=RgY[B LsEA: 7[^
8Hn ^<ut@ALdKnrKMo[LAR`NV@AE$KM>AKMUZ:DLHNZ: ,
yz [anKMoF
KFxxNVRe]TRTf=KMLAEAY]TKUZ:D]bKMSDR&Y[B L EA: @A]T]`H2 3!RT<?PA:=U:=<?NZRTnrKMU2]bKnrKMo[LFReNV@FE KMA<ZYM]T@FNVKEF:]TK
o[KM]bK|yRTKa:=LX]bKadKMLFEd%K ,
9;:mNV:DUZn8RTLdKMU]bK\EART<qN~KMLFS=RbK\K\]TKGH@A:J<?:c:DLAS=@A:DLONVUVK8]bKaoOK^]bK|yRbKy
S^7wyKMART:DLAEAY GH@A:^z4:D]7UZKMEARTY [ zx:=]7 UZKMEAReYEA:s]TKRe<ZYMYMNVKSDY[UZU?:=<Z>Y[LAEFRT:=LONZ:K@AL
FUZRT]e]TYr<Z@A>:=UqdS=RTKM]EA:8[nrKMo$KMU?S=<Z:DS 7EA:\@FLdKtoOKM]bK|FRTKr:D<Z>AReUVKM]-<?:UZ:=]TKMS=ReY[LdKFzv>vYMU
@FLU?:=<Z@F]eN~K^EAYr:Dnr>jB UZReS=YAz}S=YML]TKnrKMo[LFReNV@FE$KMA<ZYM]T@FNVKaEA:J]bK\nrRe<ZnrKaKM<?R z
]TY[o y&Ih>S& - #O #~[
9;:mNV:DUZn8RTLdKMU >dK^UVK\]bKaoOK^]bK|yRbKa>FUZY[A]e:=nrKF
E4<?@A>Y[LART:DLAEAYGH@A:J]bKWnrK^NZ:=UZRTKWGH@A:J:=<qNK\B :=L <Z:hna@F:D_[:J:DLYMB UZAR`N~KM<uSDRTU?S=@A]TKMUZ:D<=zFSDY[L
@FLdK_M:=]eYySDRTEdKME+NVKMLAo[:DLAS=RTKM]SDY[LA<?NVKMLONV:JRToM@dKM]K
cEA:DNZ:=UZn8RTLAKMUu]bKanrKM<ZKaRTLONV:DUZRTYMUQK
:^KM]T]TKMUx]bKUZKMfYMB LsnK^<VK ]T@An8RTLAYM<ZRTEAKMEt>dKMUZK:=<qN~K+oOKM]TK|yRbK\X:=<?NZRTnrKMUK>dKMUqNVRTU4EA:a:D]T]TK
]TK\nKM<ZKaN&jB >FRTSgKaEF:l]TKM<Q:=<qNVU?:=]T]TKM<QGH@A:J]bK\S=YMLA<?NZReNV@y[:=L
'
'
;9
<
9
!8
'
'
$
,RTLFLA:DMz [KMn8:=<Dz UZ:=nrKMReLA:Mz7wyS=Y^NZNgz
z7UZReLAS=:mNVY[L 4LARe_M:=UZ<?ReNU?:=<Z<Dz
UZRTLFS=:DNZY[Lzg[
,Y&:DUZ<Dzdl 9;:=:DnrReLAoAz hz
zMY[LA:D<
KMLAE ,uKMUqNV]e:DNZN4@AF]TRT<?PA:=UDz ,Y[<qNVY[Lz&[M
7cIhRT>A>:=LAPAKMPALzdx@AEAYM]e z "!$# &% ' (
) +* zwFKM]`_MKNgz ,uK^UZS=:D]TY[LAKFz&[
$ <?NV]eRT:^z9a W`zKMLAEuKMU?UZY[]{z ,7 ez , $!
z7EAEARe<ZY[L}
:D<Z]e:D[zg[
WwyS~PA.: -:DU=zAl ]T<ZKM<Z<?:=UDzAcz /'
0
zdwy>FUZRTLFo[:=U
1
i/:=U?]bKMoA-z ,:=U?] jB Lz&MO
025 0
- +
1,0
6 5
.1
6 5
1
^
- 6 5.5 0
02- - 6
021
025 0 + 6
+ 26
- +
-./
-6
025 0
021
1
- 6 5.5 0
6 1
-6
02- - 6
^O
, ) -
2
L+]bK^<CN~K^A]bKM<W`rW l<?:;>AU?:=<Z:DLON~Ka@ALdKc]TRT<qN~KlEA:;KM]eo[@ALdK^<CSDY[LA<?NVKMLONV:D<xKM<?NZUZY[LxYMB nrReSgKM<qjB <?RTSgK^<
EA:JRTLONZ:=U}:DB <=
^O
[M
4Y[naAU?:
wjB navYM]TY
iKM]TYMU
Y[LA<qN~KMLONV:WhUVKg_}ReN~K^S=RTYMLdKM]
-# & 5 n 8Ho
i/:=]eYySDRTEdKMEtEF:l]TKa]T@Af
S
7-#~g n <
Y[LA<qN~KMLONZ:lEF:W]bK^LAS 8
P
-# 7& u<
Y[LA<qN~KMLONV:lEA: ,Y[]`NVfDnKMLFL
8
# 7[ & xI
Y[LA<qN~KMLONV:lEA:cw}NZ:DKMLy) ,Y[]`NVf=nrKMLAL $# g n I
KM<ZK8EF:=]PAReEAUdY[B oM:=LAY
# & 8Ho
KM<ZK8EF:=]:=]e:=SmNVUdYMB L
-#=[ & 8Ho
uKMU?oOK8:D]T:Dnr:DLHNVKM]
:
# & 7
LAReEdKME$EA:JnrKM<VKK^NdY[B nrReSgK @ nX Ky
# & 8Ho
:=UZnX/:=]m:=B SDNZUZReSgK\EA:=]_^KMSMjB Y
$#~O & 3 n
5@AB n8:=U?Y\EA:J_[YMoOKMEAU?Y
-#VO & nrYM]T:
Y[LA<?NVKMLONV:lEA:lx}EA:=U?o
#g&g 4n
!K^A]bK\W` 4 Y[<?LON~KMLONV:D<"3jB <ZReSgKM<D
5
A<B<
A<
A<
<
A<
A
A<
A<
A<
Y[nWAUZ:
wjB navYM]TY
iK^]TY[U
K^<VK<ZY[]TKMU
#V[[ & 8Ho
k)@FnrReLAY[<ZReEdKMEt<?Y[]bKMU 7-#~ 7 g u<
4KMEAReY8wyY[]bK^U
-#~ g n
:Dnr>:m:=SmNVRe_^K\<ZYM]bKMU
^8I
KM<ZKNZ:=U?UZ:=<qNVU?:
$#V & 8Ho
4KMEAReYaNV:DUZUZ:D<?NZUZ:
-# 7[ g n
8LA Y]T@Af
$#V & n
!KMU?<Z:DS
7F F KF ]
LAReEdKME$7<qNVUZYMLxY[B n8RTSgK c W #ZO & n
KMA]TKc 4Y[LA<?NVKMLONV:D<77<qNVU?Y[LxY[B n8RTS=KM<=
5
A<
<
<B<
A<