Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

I. Cng song song (Parallel Port) Parallel Port - Cng Song song l mt khe gn trn my tnh (ngy nay hu ht c tch hp trn mainboard) thng c dng ni vi my in (printer) hoc thit b s dng cng song song khc. Mc d tc truyn d liu ca cng parallel chm hn so vi cc chun nh SCSI v IDE, nhng do c im l r tin (c tch hp sn) v d truy cp (c th gn thit b t bn ngoi) nn n thng c s dng cho nhiu loi a hoc bng t cho php tho lp c (removable disk and tape drives). Ngoi ra n cn c s dng rng ri truyn d liu gia hai my tnh vi nhau thng qua cc ng dng truyn thng (nh Direct cable connection ca Windows, Laplink) v si cp ni laplink. Cng song song chun IEEE 1284 cung cp kh nng truyn d liu hai chiu vi tc cao v h tr cp ni vi chiu di ti 32 feet. T ngun gc ca n nh l mt giao din n gin cu my in, cng song song cu my tnh c nhn pht trin thnh mt ni cm bt c iu g bn mun vo my tnh. Cc cng song song ph bin bi v bn c th s dng n cho u ra, u vo, hoc lin kt 2 chiu v bi v n c sn nn tt c cc my tnh u c mt cng song song. My in vn l thit b ph bin nht kt ni vi cng, nhng cc la chn ph bin khc bao gm: bng a v a v my qut. My tnh xch tay, my vi tnh c th s dng mt cng song song da trn giao din mng hoc cn iu khin. i vi cc ng dng c bit, c hng chc cng song song cho cc thit b s dng trong thu thp d liu, kim tra, v kim sot h thng. V cng song song l 1 trong nhng s la chn chung cho cc d n c quy m va v nh, cc d n c yu cu thng tin lin lc gia cc my tnh v thit b bn ngoi khc. Mc d ph bin, nhng cc cng song song lun lun c mt cht kh khn c th s dng. Qua nhiu nm, mt s cc
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Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

bin th trn cc cng ca thit k ban u xut hin, nhng vn cha c ti liu ca ngun ring l no m t cc cng trong nhiu bin th ca n. Khi vic thit k cc my PC pht trin, mt s nh sn xut gii thiu phin bn ci thin ca cng song song. Nhng loi mi c cng tng thch vi thit k ban u, nhng thm kh nng mi, ch yu tng tc . Tc l iu quan trng, v nh my tnh v cc thit b ngoi vi c nhn c nhanh hn, h lm nhng cng vic tr nn phc tp hn, v s lng thng tin m h cn phi trao i tng ln. Cng song song ban u c rt nhiu nhanh gi byte i din cho cc k t ASCII vn bn vo mt my in kim hay my in dng nan hoa ch. Tuy nhin, hin i, my in cn phi nhn c rt nhiu thng tin hn in mt trang vi nhiu phng ch v chi tit ha, thng c mu sc. Nhanh hn cc my tnh c th truyn ti cc thng tin, nhanh hn cc my in c th bt u x l v in n kt qu. Mt giao din nhanh cng lm cho n kh thi hn s dng xch tay, phin bn nng cao thuc ngoi vi gip bn s c cch khc ci t bn trong cc my vi tnh. Mt cng song song bng hoc a rt d dng di chuyn t h thng vo h thng, v cho s dng thng xuyn, chng hn nh lm bn sao lu d tr, bn c th s dng mt trong nhng n v cho mt s h thng. V sao lu c th bao gm vic sao chp hng trm Megabytes, giao din nhanh chng c gi tr.

II. S pht trin ca cc loi cng song song

Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

Vo nm 1981, IBM (My Kinh doanh quc t) gii thiu my tnh c nhn (PC). Cc cng song song ( cng Parallel Standard spp) c bao gm trong chic my tnh u tin v n c thm vo nh mt la chn thay th hiu sut thp ca cc cng ni tip, s dng n nh iu khin ca my in u mc kim hiu sut cao. Cng c kh nng truyn ng thi 8 bit d liu 1 lc (ca my PC vi my in), trong khi cng ni tip ch truyn c 1bit. Khi tr nn c s dng rng ri, cc cng song song tr thnh cu tr li cho cc thit b kt ni nhanh hn. Sau s bt u ny, ba nhm vn ln xut hin i vi t l qu cao ngi pht trin sn phm v ca cng ny: u tin, mc d c mt s gia tng tc ca n, c thay i trong kin trc hoc khng c hiu qu. Tc ti a c th t c khi truyn kbyte / seg trong khong 150. v n c rt nhiu phn mm tng tc. Th hai, khng c mt tiu chun cho cc giao din in t. iu ny gy ra nhiu vn khi n c mun m bo hot ng trong nhiu nn tng. Cui cng, mu thit k m h a ra, gii hn khong cch ca cc loi cp cho n khi bn ngoi ti a l 1,8 mt. Nm 1991 c mt cuc hp ca cc nh sn xut cho mt tiu chun mi cho cc thng minh kim sot ca my in thng qua mt mng c th c pht trin. Cc nh sn xut, ni h bao gm c Lexmark, IBM, Texas Instruments v nhng ngi khc, hnh thnh Mng In n Alliance (NPA), nh mt cu tr li cho nhng iu tt yu. T vic gii thiu t cc my PC n th trng, cc cng song song c 1 s cc sa i, b sung lm cho n nhanh hn. K t khi ban u cc cng n hng v song hng c to ra. Cc cng song hng c gii thiu vi s tng thch PS / 2. iu ny n cho php mt giao tip ca 8 bit trong c hai hng. Tht s th v thng bo cng ban u c kh nng tr thnh 1 cng song hng, thc hin mt kt ni gia hai ng ca mt thnh phn in t bao gm c trong mt. (Ni cch khc, ban u l cng bidirectional trong thit k
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Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

c bn, nhng khng phi trong nhng hot ng thit k). Cui cng EPPs v ECPs c to ra. Hai tc phm mi l nhng cng tiu chun nh Pentium 286. Ban u, cng song song c s dng cho vic giao tip vi my in. Hin nay n cng c s dng x l ngoi vi khc nh a CD ROM, bn sao lu d phng ca bng, a cng, card mng, sao chp bo v, my qut, vv

Trong thi im hin ti c bn loi cng song song : Standart Parallel Port (SPP)

Parallel Port PS / 2 (bidirectional)

Enhanced Parallel Port (EPP)

Extended Capability Port (ECP) Trong bng sau l thng tin synthesized ca mt s loi cng song song: SPP Ngy Gii thiu Nh sn xut 1981 IBM PS / 2 1987 IBM
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EPP 1994

ECP 1994

Intel, Hewlett Xircom v Packard v

Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

Zenith Data Systems Bidirectional DMA Tc Khng Khng Nu Khng Nu Khng 2 Mb / seg.

Microsoft

Nu Nu 2 Mb / seg.

150 Kb / 150 Kb / seg. seg.

Cc cng song song trong cc my tnh IBM ban u, v tt c cc cng u tch cc noi gng thit k ban u, i khi c gi l spp, t tiu chun cho cc cng song song, mc d ban u cng c vn bn tiu chun khng vt ra khi phm vi s gin lc v vn kin chnh thc ca my tnh IBM. c s dng tn khc l loi-AT hoc ISA-tng thch. Cc cng trong my tnh ban u c da trn mt giao din my in trung tm. Tuy nhin, my PC gii thiu mt s s khc nhau, trong c cc h thng khc vn tip tc. SPPs c th chuyn tm bit cng mt lc vo mt ngoi vi, bng cch s dng mt giao thc tng t m c s dng bi cc giao din trung trung tm ban u. Cc spp hin khng c mt byte ton d liu vo cng, nhng cho s truyn d liu ca PC-ngoi vi, SPPs c th s dng mt ch chia nh d liu (Nibble) truyn mi byte 4 bits ti mt thi im. Nibble l ch chm, nhng tr thnh ph bin nh mt cch s dng cho cc d liu vo cng song song.

PS/2-type (Simple Bidirectional) Mt sm ci tin vo cng song song l cng d liu song hng c gii thiu trn m hnh ca IBM PS / 2. Cc cng song
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Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

hng cho php mt ngoi vi truyn tm bit cng mt lc vo mt my PC. Thut ng PS/2-type c dng tham kho cho bt k cng song song c mt cng d liu song hng nhng khng h tr cc ch EPP hoc ECP m t di y. Ch Byte l mt byte 8-bit truyn d liu giao thc rng PS/2type cng c th s dng chuyn d liu t ngoi vi vi my PC.

EPP Cc EPP (cng song song nng cao) c pht trin bi ngi sng to ra chip Intel, nh sn xut my tnh Zenith, v Xircom, nh sng to ca mng li sn phm song song. Nh PS/2-type, dng d liu l song hng. Mt EPP c th c hay vit mt byte d liu trong mt chu k ISA m rng ca cc mch ni, hoc khong 1 phn triu giy, bao gm c vic bt tay, so snh vi bn chu k cho mt spp hoc cng PS/2-type. Mt EPP c th chuyn i hng dn mt cch nhanh chng, v vy n rt hiu qu khi dng vi a, bng v cc thit b khc chuyn d liu trong c hai hng. Mt EPP cng c th m phng mt spp, v mt s EPPs cng c th c dng nh mt cng PS/2-type.

ECP Cc ECP (kh nng m rng cng) ln u tin c ngh ca Hewlett Packard v Microsoft. Cng ging nh cc EPP, cc ECP l song hng v c th chuyn d liu vi tc mch ni ISA. ECPs c b m v h tr DMA (truy cp b nh trc tip) chuyn v d liu nn. Truyn ECP l hu ch cho my in, my qut, v thit b ngoi vi khc truyn 1 khi d liu ln. Mt ECP cng c th m phng mt spp hoc cng PS/2-type, v nhiu ECP c th m phng mt cng EPP.

Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

III .Cu trc ca Parallel port Parallel port bao gm 25 pins (chn) c b tr theo s di y, a s giao din u cm ca Parallel port u dng female: - 8 pins dng gi v nhn data (t pin s 2 n s 9) gi l DATA Port. D liu trao i qua 8 pin ny c gi gn trong 1 byte. - 5 pins dng hin th tnh trng hot ng ca parallel port: ang bn, ang gi/nhn thng tin...(cc pin s 10-13 v pin s 15) gi l STATUS Port. D liu trao i qua 8 pin ny dng 5 bit cao ca byte. - 4 pins dng iu khin gi l CONTROL Port, l cc pin s 1, 14, 16 v 17. D trao i qua pin ny dng 4 bit thp ca byte. - 8 pins cn li c dng ty theo ngi s dng. Nu khng c s dng th chng s c grounded (ni t-thut ng ngnh in?).

Hnh 3.1 : S cu trc cng song song y l cu hnh c thng nht trong cng ngh vi tnh v c cng nhn bi IEEE (vn l mt t chc ln nht v qui nh hardware quc t)
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Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

1. Vi v d cho hot ng ca parallel port

DATA port l ni thng tin s c trao i t computer n cc thit b khc (hai chiu). Khi lp trnh t hn cng c khi bn nghe ni n chuyn vit 1 program/driver cho cc hardware (nu bn lm cho mt s hng my in, vin thng...). y driver cho parallel port chnh l chng trnh qun l v iu khin qu trnh trao i thng tin ny. DATA port c 8 pins tc l 1 bytes. Bn c l tng nghe k thut ti thng tin qua ng parallel port l nhanh nht (trong qu kh) nhng k thc n cng ch dng c 1byte = 8 bit = 8 ci pins ny m thi. STATUS port l ni hin th cc qu trnh vn hnh ca parallel port. Mt v d n gin l gi s bn mun in mt bi vit ra printer (d nhin l qua ng parallel port) nhng khi nhn nt "print" th li thy my vi tnh hin th mt thng bo ht giy! Trn thc t pha sau nhng hng ng ny l mt chui phi hp gia software v hardware. Khi bn click "print" tc l bn kch hot mt trong nhng pins ca CONTROL port bng software bo ci printer in bi ra. Nhng trc khi thc hin vic in printer cng t bit n ht giy v t kch hot mt trong s nhng pins ca STATUS port bo cho computer bit l ht giy. Kt qu l software iu khin qu trnh in kim tra (trc khi in) thy c cho nn n hin thng bo ht giy cho bn. Nhiu hot ng tng t nh printer cha on, printer ht mc, printer b kt giy...cng do phi hp gia nhng ci pins ny m ra.

2. Cu trc ca parallel port nhn trn phng din

software Thc ra th vi dn software, h cng khng cn bit pha parallel port sau lng my tnh c bao nhiu pin v mi pin cn bao nhiu in, cu trc nh th no...My ci ny hi tha cho dn software! Tt c nhng g m mt ngi lp trnh cn bit l address ca cc pin trn parallel
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Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

port l ! 25 pins kia s c chia lm 3 phn vi tn gi l DATA port (hay l DATA register), STATUS port (hay l STATUS register), v CONTROL port (hay l CONTROL register). Mi port l 8 bits vi address .Nh m t t u, DATA port s l 8 bits, STATUS port c 5 pins cho nn s cng thm 3 bit trng to mt byte, tng t nh th cho CONTROL port. Ring phn a ch cho cc port ny cng kh l phc tp, v n lin quan n BIOS. i khi l khi my tnh bt ln (turn on) th BIOS s lm vic trc, n s tm kim v nh a ch cho ci port trong my ca bn. V BIOS khng ci no ging ci no cho nn li qui nh a ch ca n cng khc, tuy nhin di y l mt v d in hnh (bn thng thy) trong cc my vi tnh ngy nay. Nhng a ch ny bn c th thy khi khi ng my trong cc thng s BIOS hin ra. Port Address 3BCh - 3BFh 378h - 37Fh 278h - 27Fh Ghi ch dng cho prallel port vn dnh vo Video Card (cch c) khu vc memory thng dng cho LPT 1 khu vc memory thng dng cho LPT 2 ....

(nn nh l mi khon l 8 bits, tnh theo h hexadecimal) Mt iu ti mun nhc cc bn l nhng thng tin a ra trn y thng l thay i ty theo tng my tnh, mt my c th c nhiu LPT, thng thng th BIOS s d xem trong my c bao nhiu port v s qui nh a ch cho tng port. Theo ti thng thy th nu my bn c hai ci parallel port (nu bn mua motherboard c hai parallel port) th LPT1 s c gn vo i ch 378h-37Fh (8 bits). Nu c LPT2 th s c gn vo a ch 278h-27Fh. Ring phn 3BCh-3BFh trong qu kh thng c dng khi parallel port ci sn trong video card. Nhng loi ny c ri, cho nn nhiu BIOS s gn vo LPT1 cng khng chng. iu tt nht l bn vo BIOS kim tra l bit ngay (life was not meant to be easy!).

Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

Cng lu cc bn cc i ch trn l port address qui nh trn BIOS, khi BIOS qui nh nhng a ch trn (tt my vn cn) n s qui nh km theo i ch lu thng tin (tt my s mt) cho tng port. Nhng a ch di y s c dng a s bi cc bn lp trnh kim tra x hin din ca parallel port trn my bn. Start Address Function Software Identify Base Base + 1 Base + 2

0000:0408h LPT1's Base Address 0000:040Ah LPT2's Base Address 0000:040Ch LPT3's Base Address LPT4's Base Address (note 0000:040Eh Base + 3 1)
Hy ly mt v d n gin v mt chng trnh kim tra v tr parallel port trn my bn minh ho cho lp trnh iu khin parallel port di y: #include <stdio.h> #include <dos.h> void main(void) { /* Pointer to location of Port Addresses */ unsigned int far *ptraddr; /* Address of Port */ unsigned int address; int a; ptraddr = (unsigned int far *)0x00000408; for (a = 0; a < 3; a++) { address = *ptraddr; if (address == 0) printf("No port found for LPT%d \n", a+1); else
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Trng trnh C ny n gin l tm n i ch 0000:0408h v d tm xem c port no tn ti hay khng. N s d t 0000:0408h n 0000:040Dh kim tra LPT1, LPT2, v LPT3. Bn nn nh mi base address s c 2 bytes (sizeof(unsigned int) = 2 bytes!). Nh ti m t pha trn, Base+1, Base+2...chng qua l li gi ph thng trong cch lp trnh. Chng hn bn kim tra nh s 10, 11, 12. Bn c th kim tra nh s 10

Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

printf("Address assigned to LPT%d is sau nh s 10 +1 = 11 ... %Xh\n", a+1, address); *ptraddr++; } }

3.Cu trc cng song song

Chn 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18-25 Tn hiu STR (Out) D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 ACK (In) BUSY (In) PAPER EMPTY (In) (In) SELECT AUTOFEED (Out) ERROR (In) INIT (Out) SELECTIN (Out) GROUND M t Mc tn hiu thp, truyn d liu ti my in Bit d liu 0 Bit d liu 1 Bit d liu 2 Bit d liu 3 Bit d liu 4 Bit d liu 5 Bit d liu 6 Bit d liu 7 Mc thp: my in nhn 1 k t v c kh nng nhn na Mc cao: k t c nhn; b m Mc cao: giy my in ht y; Mc cao: my in trng thi online T ng xung dng; mc thp: my in xung dng t ng Mc thp: ht giy; my in offline; li my ng in Mc thp: khi my in Mc thp: chn my in 0V

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Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

Cng song song gm c 4 ng iu khin, 5 ng trng thi v 8 ng d liu bao gm 5 ch hot ng: Ch tng thch (compatibility). Ch nibble. Ch byte. Ch EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port ). Ch ECP (Extended Capabilities Port).

3 ch u tin s dng port song song chun (SPP Standard Parallel Port) trong khi ch 4, 5 cn thm phn cng cho php hot ng tc cao hn. S chn ca my in nh sau: Cng song song c ba thanh ghi c th truyn d liu v iu khin my in. . a ch c s ca cc thanh ghi cho tt c cng LPT (line printer) t LPT1 n LPT4 c lu tr trong vng d liu ca BIOS. Thanh ghi d liu c nh v offset 00h, thanh ghi trng thi 01h, v thanh ghi iu khin 02h. Thng thng, a ch c s ca LPT1 l 378h, LPT2 l 278h, do a ch ca thanh ghi trng thi l 379h hoc 279h v a ch thanh ghi iu khin l 37Ah hoc 27Ah. Tuy nhin trong mt s trng hp, a ch ca cng song song c th khc do qu trnh khi ng ca BIOS. BIOS s lu tr cc a ch ny nh sau:

a ch

Chc nng

0000h:0408h a ch c s ca LPT1 0000h:040Ah a ch c s ca LPT2 0000h:040Ch a ch c s ca LPT3

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Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

nh dng cc thanh ghi nh sau: Thanh ghi d liu (hai chiu): 7 0

Tn hiu my in Chn s D7 D6 D5 D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2

Thanh ghi trng thi my in (ch c):

7 2 1 0

Tn hiu my BUSY ACK in S chn cm 11 10

PAPER EMPTY 12

SELECT ERROR 13 15 -

IRQ -

x -

Thanh ghi iu khin my in:

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Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

7 1 0

x: khng s dng IRQ Enable: yu cu ngt cng. 1 = cho php 0 = khng cho php Ch rng chn BUSY c ni vi cng o trc khi a vo thanh ghi trng thi, cc bit SELECTIN , AUTOFEED v STROBE c a qua cng o trc khi a ra cc chn ca cng my in. Thng thng tc x l d liu ca cc thit b ngoi vi nh my in chm hn PC nhiu nn cc ng ACK , BUSY v STR c s dng cho k thut bt tay. Khi u, PC t d liu ln bus sau kch hot ng STR xung mc thp thng tin cho my in bit rng d liu n nh trn bus. Khi my in x l xong d liu, n s tr li tn hiu ACK xung mc thp ghi nhn. PC i cho n khi ng BUSY t my in xung thp (my in khng bn) th s a tip d liu ln bus. IV. ng dng ca vic iu khin parallel port
Tn hiu my in x S chn cm x DIR IRQ SELECTIN Enable 17 INIT 16 AUTOFEED 14 STROBE 1

Vic hiu hot ng v bit iu khin parallel port l ti cn thit cho cc bn i chuyn su trong cc k ngh hardware. Hu ht cc dng c tn tin thi nay iu lin quan n vic dng software vn hnh hardware, v d nh bn c th gi mt lnh t my vi tnh lm cho tn la phng i, shutdown computer...iu thuc dng software iu khin hardware. V vi trch nhim mt ngi iu khin n, bn phi thu hiu tt
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Kin trc my tnh

c. Mt v d n gin khc trong iu khin hc nh iu khin robot, nu bn dng software t my vi tnh kch hot mt pin no ca cng parallel v gi ti robot nh mnh lnh, chng hn i ti pha trc, quay qua bn tri.... Cu trc o su bn trong ca Parallel port Di y l lit k 25 chn ca parallel port vi tn gi (hardware v software) v th t ca tng chn. tn signal Ch (dng n cho hardwa re) Tn signal Directio v th t n/type ca bit (nhn (dng cho t PC) software)

Normal signal line function

Control OC/Pull 1 register bit STROBE up 0 2 D0 hai chiu hai chiu hai chiu hai chiu hai chiu hai chiu Data register bit 0 Data register bit 1 Data register bit 2 Data register bit 3 Data register bit 4 Data register bit
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kch hot thng bo gi hoc nhn data, 0 l c, 1 l vit bit 0 cha data

D1

bit 1 cha data

D2

bit 2 cha data

D3

bit 3 cha data

6 7

D4 D5

bit 4 cha data bit 5 cha data

Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

5 8 D6 hai chiu hai chiu Data register bit 6 Data register bit 7 bit 6 cha data

D7

bit 7 cha data

10

-ACK

Input

Pulsed low by printer to Status acknowledge data byte register bit Rising (usually) edge causes IRQ 6 if enabled Status kch hot khi printer ang bn register bit (busy) 7 Status register bit kch hot khi printer ht giy 5

11

BUSY

Input

12

NOPAPE Input R

Status kch hot khi printer ang hot Input register bit ng 4 Control OC/Pull kch hot thng bo data 14 AUTOFE register bit up sn sng c hoc vit ED 1 SELECT 13 ED Status kch hot khi printer b li (v 15 -ERROR Input register bit nhiu l do) 3 Control OC/Pull kch hot printer reset li v 16 INITIALI register bit up tr ban u ZE 2 Control OC/Pull kch hot nh du printer 17 register bit SELECT up nhn c valid address 3 18 Ground ... Ground chn (18-25) b trng, dng ty
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25 Ground .

Hnh 5.0 : Minh ho tng th hot ng ca parallel port

1. Giao tip vi thit b ngoi vi 1.1. Giao tip vi my tnh Qu trnh giao tip vi cng song song dng 2 ch : ch chun SPP v ch m rng. Vic giao tip ch chun m t nh sau:

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Hnh 5.1 - Trao i d liu qua cng song song gia 2 PC dng ch chun S chn kt ni m t nh sau:
PC1 Chc nng D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 BUSY ACK PAPER EMPTY SELECT ERROR GND 2 3 4 5 6 11 10 12 13 15 25 15 13 12 10 11 6 5 4 3 2 25 PC2 Chn Chn Chc nng ERROR SELECT PAPER EMPTY ACK BUSY D4 D3 D2 D1 D0 GND

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Ngoi ra, vic kt ni gia 2 my tnh s dng cng song song c th dng ch m rng, ch ny cho php giao tip vi tc cao hn.

Hnh 5.2 - Trao i d liu qua cng song song gia 2 PC dng ch m rng

S chn kt ni m t nh sau :
PC1 PC2 Chc nng Chn Chn Chc nng D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 SELECT BUSY 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 13 11 19 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 17 16 D0 D1 D2 D3 D4 D5 D6 D7 SELECTIN INIT

Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh ACK SELECTIN INIT STROBE 10 17 16 1 1 13 11 10 STROBE SELECT BUSY ACK

1.2 Giao tip vi thit b khc

Qu trnh giao tip vi cc thit b ngoi vi c th thc hin thng qua ch chun. c d liu, c th dng mt IC ghp knh 2 ->1 74LS257 v dng 4 bit trng thi ca cng song song cn xut d liu th s dng 8 ng d liu D0 D7. Nhng cng song song c th dng ni vi nhng thit b ngoi vi thng thng ca my tnh nh : - My in . - ghi CD . - a cm ngoi . - c th di chuyn IOmega Zip. - a lu tr dng Tape . - Card mng .

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- My qut .

Cng song song c bt u do s pht trin ca hng IBM dng ni my in vi my tnh . Khi IBM trong qu trnh thit k PC , h mun my tnh ni vi my tnh vi my in Centronic , nh sn xut my in hng u hi . IBM quyt nh khng dng cng giao din cng trn my tnh m Centronic dng trn my in . Thay vo nhng k s IBM dng cp chn DB-25 cng vi u ni Centronic 36 chn to cable ring bit ni vi my in . Nhng nh sn xut my in khc khng h tr giao din Centronic nn lm h thng cable ghp . My tnh gi d liu ti my in hay mt thit b khc thng qua cng song song , n gi 8-bit d liu ( 1 byte ) mt ln .Do 8-bit ny c truyn song song , n c kh nng gi 50 ti 100 KB d liu / giy .
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Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

Chn 1 mang tn hiu Strobe . N duy tr mc in p 2.8V v 5 V , nhng c th di 0.5V khi PC gi byte d liu . Tn hiu ny v mc 0.5V cho ny in bit d liu ang gi . Chn 2 ti 9 dng cha d liu mang - Carry Data. N cha ni dung d liu nu l 5V c ngha l mang gi tr bit 1 v di 0.5V c ngha mang gi tr bit 0 . Chn 10 gi tn hiu Acknowledge t my in ti my tnh . Tng t nh chn 1 , n duy tr mt mc in p 2,8V ti 5 V khi n v gi tr di 0.5 V th cho my tnh bit d liu c c nhn . Nu my in bn , th chn 11 c gi tr l 1 . Khi mc in p di 0.5V c ngha l ni cho my tnh bit my in sn sng nhn d liu . My in s cho my tnh bit trng thi ca n Out Of Paper bng cch gi ra chn 12 mc tn hiu l 1. My tnh nhn mc tn hiu l 1 chn 13 cho bit thit b ni vi my tnh Online My tnh gi tnh hiu Auto feed c gi tr l 1 ( mc in p 5V ) chn 14 Nu my in trng thi Problems khi mc tn hiu di 0.5V chn 15 cho my tnh bit my in ang c li . Khi mt cng vic in mi c sn sng chn 16 c gi tr l mc 0 vi tn hiu Initialize . Chn 17 c dng cho my tnh iu khin my in Offline . Chn 18 ti 25 dng ni t .

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Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

SPP/EPP/ECP i vi c im k thut u tin cho cng song song l khng nh hng c ngha l d liu c truyn i theo mt hng mi chn . Cng vi vic gii thiu PS/2 trong nm 1987 , IBM thit k cng song song mi vi hai hng Bidirectional . Kiu ny gi chung l SPP (Standard Parallel Port) thay th cho thit k ban u . Thng tin Bidirectional cho php mi thit b c th nhn cng nh l truyn tn hiu . Nhiu thit b dng 8 chn ( t chn 2 ti chn 9 ) c thit k ban u cho d liu . Dng cng vi 8 chn ny cho truyn thng tin thnh dng Haft-Duplex , c ngha l thng tin c truyn theo mt hng trong mt thi gian . Nhng chn 18 ti chn 25 dng ni t cng c th c dng cho truyn d liu . iu ny n cho php truyn dn Full-Duplex ( c hai hng trong cng mt lc ) . EPP (Enhanced Parallel Port) do Intel , Xircom v Zeninth a ra nm 1991 , cho php tc truyn d liu cao hn 500KB ti 2MB/ giy . Mc ch ca n cho nhng thit b khng phi my in s dng nh thit b lu tr yu cu tc truyn d liu cao . ECP (Extended Capabilities Port) i km theo vic gii thiu EPP , Microsoft v HP cng a ra thng s k thut ca ECP . ECP hng ti thit k cho ci tin tc v chc nng ca my in khc vi tiu ch ca EPP . Nm 1994 chun IEEE 1284 c pht hnh . N bao gm c hai tnh nng ca nhng thit b dng cng song song , EPP v ECP . N yu cu c h iu hnh cng vi thit b phn cng phi h tr nhng tnh nng k thut trn .

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Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

Ngy nay hu ht my tnh u h tr SPP , ECP v EPP , n s t ng nhn ra kiu ca thit b s dng gn thm vo . Chng ta cng c th thit lp bng tay kiu ny trong BIOS .

Mc lc

I. Cng song song (Parallel Port) ...1

II. Lch s pht trin cc loi cng song song.2

III. Cu trc ca Parallel port.5 1. Vi v d cho hot ng ca parallel port..6 2. Cu trc ca parallel port nhn trn phng din software7

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Cng song song

Kin trc my tnh

3. Cu trc cng song song9 IV. ng dng ca vic iu khin parallel port.12 1. Giao tip vi cc thit b ngoi vi...14

1.1. Giao tip vi my tnh.14 1.2. Giao tip vi cc thit b khc..17

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