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Editable poly l mt trong nhiu loi vt th/i tng (object) dng trong 3dsmax.

Cc loi vt th cn li l editable meshes, NURBS, spline objects... Ci m chng

ta quan tm l editable poly, vi nhng l do sau:

Tn dng kh nng tt nht ca chng trnh: Max lm vic vi polygon mt cch

hon ho.
Editable poly c rt nhiu cng c tch hp trong Max, tnh nng hn hn Editable

mesh.
EP (editable poly) rt trc quan, ngay c khi dng MeshSmooth, cng c khin

bn "khng thy r c ci m bn c"

EP vn kh n gin. Cc vertex, edge v polygon (im, cnh,mt): rt quen

thuc v c th d dng cha cc hm ton hc

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EP c cu thnh t vertices (vt th khng chiu: im), edges (vt th 1 chiu:

ng/on thng), v polygons (vt th 2 chiu: mt phng). 3 yu t ny l nhng vin gch xy nn hu ht mi th trong th gii dng hnh 3d. Bn c nhiu cch x l chng (NURBS, splines, meshes...) nhng khi render, bn phi cn n polygons c th nhn thy i tng.

Hy bt u: -

Chng ta cng m Max, to mt vt th bt k vi kch c bt k, mt box chng hn. - Chn box va to, right-click, chn Convert to > Convert to Editable Poly.

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Cch lm: chn vt th cn chuyn i, click phi chut chn Convert

To: -> Convert to Editable Poly).

Cc ch :

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Khi lm vic vi EP, bn s lm quen vi cc "ch sub-object". Khi

ni bn chuyn sang ch vertex sub-object, tc l bn ang ch m bn c th chnh sav tr (v nhiu c im khc) ca cc vertex . Bn c th chuyn sang ch sub-object bng cch click vo "Editable Poly" trong Modifier tab (hoc nhn Ctrl+B khi ang chn vt th), s chuyn sang mu vng. Bn c th click vo du cng bn tri "Editable Poly" thy r cc ch sub-object cho vt th. Nu mi th chnh xc, bn s c 5 ch : Vertex, Edge, Border, Polygon and Element. Mun ra khi ch sub-object ? Hy nhn Ctrl+B hoc click "Editable Poly".

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Shrink: y l cng c "lm nh" vng chn hin thi,

ch c hiu lc khi khng chn ton b vt th.

Grow: Ngc li vi Shrink, nu bn khng chn im

no th s khng c g xy ra khi click vo Grow, hy chn mt vi im ri click vo Grow xem.

Ring v Loop: b v hiu ha, ch c hiu lc khi

bn ch Edge v Boder.

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2. Bng cun Soft Selection: (la chn mm) s dng c ch Soft Selection, bn cn kch hot nt kim

bn cnh "Use Soft Selection".

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3. Bng cun Edit Vertices: Remove: dng xa cc im khng cn thit. Break: tho ri cc im ra khi cc cnh ni vi im ang chn. Extrude: ko di nhng im ang c chn to ra nhiu im mi. Weld: hn hai hoc nhiu im thnh mt. Target Weld: lm vic ging nh Weld.

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Thc thi Break

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Chamfer: to ra mt mt phng mi t im ban u. Connect: lin kt 2 im c chn, bng mt on mi ni gia hai

im .

Remove Isolated Vertices: xa cc im nm mt mnh.

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4. Bng cun Edit Geometry: Create: to ra im mi. Collapse: tc dng ging vi Weld. Detach: s to ra mt hnh khc c lp hnh c. Hide Selected / Un Hide All / Hide Unselected: n im la chn/b

n tt c cc im/n tt c cc im tr im ang c chn.

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1. Bng cun Selection roll-out: Shrink: Gim dn vng chn. Grow: Tng dn vng chn. Ring and Loop: Ring chn cc cnh song song vi

cnh ban u. -Loop chn cc cnh t ng giao vi cnh ban u.

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Ring and Loop

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2. Bng cun Edit Edge: Remove: xa cc cnh chn. Insert Vertex: thm cc im mi. Weld: Hn cc cnh. Extrude: ko nh cao/xung thp theo cnh c

chn.

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Split: Mt kiu detaching, Insert Vertex: To thm nh kt qu tng t vi lnh Cut Target Weld: Tng t Weld.

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Chamfer: vt cnh - chia mt cnh thnh 2 v to ra cc mt mi.

Connect: Ni cc cnh, bng cch to mt cnh mi ni hai trung

im ca hai cnh ban u.

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Trong ch ny cng c cc cng c nh ch Vertex, Edge tuy

nhin khng hu dng lm v khng phi lc no cng s dng c cng c ny cho nn cc bn s c tham kho trong bi tp.

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1. Bng cun Selection: Hp kim By Vertex dng chn cc a gic c

chung nh vi im m bn click chut l nh ca cc a gic .

Ignore Backfacing click chn n th khng chn

nhm phi a gic pha sau ca hnh khi.

Shrink v Grow: tng t ch Vertex.

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2. Bng cun Edit polygon: Insert Vertex: thm im mi Extrude: ko nh cao hoc y xung theo mt

phng php tuyn ca mt hoc nhm cc mt.

- Group: extrude cc mt theo cng mt hng l

trung gian ca cc php tuyn ca cc mt c extrude. - Local Normal: extrude cc mt c s lin kt gia cc mt, nhng mi mt c extrude theo phng php tuyn ca n. - By Polygon: extrude cc mt mt cch c lp, theo phng c lp. - Extrusion Height: chiu nh cao hoc y xung ca cc mt.
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y l kt qu tng ng ca : Group, Local Normal v By Polygon

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Outline: phng to hoc thu nh cc mt hin hnh. Bevel: l s kt hp ca Extrude v Outline: Insert: cng c ny gn ging vi Outline, ch khc l

n to cc mt mi.
Bridge: To cu ni gia cc mt.

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Hinge From Edge: cng c ny xoay mt mt quanh

mt cnh - tng t nh khi bn m ca s.

Extrude Along Spline: ko nh cao mt polygon

theo mt ng Spline c sn.

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3. Bng cun Edit Geometry: Create: to ra cc mt mi, Collapse: bin mt ang chn thnh 1 im. Attach: Nu bn c mt mt (polygon) mt v tr khc

v mun gn n vo vi vt hin hnh th hy p dng cng c ny. Detach: Tch mt (polygon) ra khi i tng hin hnh Chn mt vi polygon, nhn Detach v chn cc ty chn + A complete detach: tch cc polygon thnh i tng mi. + To Element: tch chng tr thnh mt phn (element) ca model. + Detach As a Clone: to mt b polygon mi, v gi nguyn cc polygon c.

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Slice Plane: Slice: Thc hin lnh. Reset Plane: Tr mt phng ct li v tr ban u, Quickslice: thc hin ct nhanh cc mt, m khng

cn n Plane Gizmo. Cut: ct theo hnh c sn. Tessellate: ct polygon thnh 4 phn.

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4. Bng cun Polygon Properties: Material ID: gn cho polygon mt s nh danh

(ID) dng xc nh m s ca vt liu sau ny s dng trong loi vt liu con trong vt liu Multi-Sub Object.
Select by ID: Chn cc polygon c cng mt

ID.

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5. Bng cun Subdivision Surface: Smooth Result: ging nh mt php smooth nhng

khng thay i mt. Display Iterations: s lng ni suy/lm mm dng cho hin th. Display Smoothness: gim bt s lng mt ca php smooth. Render Iterations: p dng khi render. Render Smoothness: p dng khi render.

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1. To mt ch bt k, s dng cc thng s mc nh. Chn

Font=Arial, Size=100 2. Vo bng Modify/trong danh sch Modifier List chn Bevel. 3. G vo -1 trong Start Outline. 4. i vi nhm Level 1: G vo 5 i vi Height v 2 cho Outline. 5. Bt Level 2: G vo 5 i vi Height v 0 cho Outline. 6. Bt Level 3: G vo 5 i vi Height v -2 cho Outline.

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Cc bc thc hin: 1. La chn hnh mu 2. Vo menu Modifiers/chn Mesh Editing/ Extrude Trong bng cun Parameters c: - Amount: chiu cao ca khi - Segment: s phn on theo chiu cao ca khi - Capping: + Cap Start: ng np u + Cap End: ng np cui - Output: + Patch: xut ra dng tm + Mesh: xut ra dng li

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V d:

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Tm hiu trong phn bi tp

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Dummy: Dummy (vt th o) l mt khung hnh hp c im cht tm ca hnh hp. Vt th ny c tn gi nhng li khng c tham s, bn khng th sa i c chng ngoi vic Rotate, Scale, Move v chng khng hin ra khi Render.
Vt th Dummy thng c s

dng lm i tng cha, trong lin kt ph h. c bit Dummy rt quan trng trong vic to cc chuyn ng ca h khung xng (bone), v cc chuyn ng khc.
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Atmospheric Apparatus : y l cc i tng dng m phng hiu

ng la chy, v n, h ay cc m my...bao gm BoxGizmo, SphereGizmo, CylGizmo. Cch s dng 3 i t ng ny ging nhau, ch khc nhau l chng s tn ti dng hnh hp (box), hnh cu (sphere) hay hnh tr (Cylinder). to ra mt i tng Atmospheric bn click chut vo menu :Create/Helpers/Atmospherics/BoxGizmo sau click chu t vo ni cn to sau bm + r chut xc nh din tch y, sau di chuyn chut ln trn hoc xung di xc nh chiu cao ca khi hp.
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Ci chng ta cn quan tm y l bng tham s

Atmosphere & Effects. y l ni to ra hiu ng la chy hay l m my. - Click chut vo nt [Add] chn hiu ng cn to. - Khi s hin ra hp thoi "Add Atmosphere", ti y bn c th chn "Volume Fog" hoc "Fire Effect". hin kt qu ca hiu ng bn va chn th bn phi Render khung cnh bng cch n phm F9.

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Bomb:

Thng dng ph v mt i tng, to thnh cc mnh nh. S dng Bomb m phng s va chm ca cc vt. 1. Vo menu File/Reset 2. Ti khung nhn Top, to ra mt m tr (Teapot) bng cch vo menu

Create/Standard Primitives/Teapot vi kch thc bt k. 3. Vo menu Create -> SpaceWarps -> Geometric/Deformable -> Bomb sau to ra mt Bomb ti v tr bt k, click phi chut tt nt lnh [Bomb].

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4. Click chut vo Bomb va to, sau oc click

vo nt lnh "Bind to SpaceWarp" , di chuyn chut ln pha trn ca Bomb, sau click chut + r chut n v tr ca m tr khi thy c biu tng sng gn di hnh vung th nh chut.
5. By gi hy n phm ? chy hot cnh v

quan st kt qu thu c

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Ripple: Ripple cng ging nh Wave nhng khc kt qu

to thnh. Ripple to thnh ging nh khi bn th mt vin nh xung mt nc phng lng vy.
1. To i tng cn to gn sng
2. To ra i tng Ripple bng cch vo menu

Create -> Space Warps -> Geometric/Deformable >Ripple

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Wave:
Wave lm cho vt th bin dng ging nh ln

sng. p dng Wave cho i tng bn hy: 1. To ra i tng cn p dng Wave 2. To ra i tng Wave bng cch vo menu Create -> Space Warps -> Geometric/Deformable ->Wave

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Hiu chnh nghing:

Php hiu chnh nghing (Skew) 1. Chn vt th cn hiu chnh 2. Vo menu Modifiers/Parametric

Deformers/Skew Cc tham s ca php hiu chnh Skew + Amount: nghing ca vt + Direction: xoay hng nghing quanh trc z + Skew axis: trc c chn nghing (x, y hoc z)

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Php un cong (Bend): 1. Chn i tng cn p dng php hiu chnh

Bend. 2. Vo menu Modifiers/chn Parametric Deformers/ Bend 3. Trn bng cung Parameters chn trc cn p dng (x, y hoc z) 4. G vo s o gc trong Angle, i tng s c un theo gc nh vy. 5. Hng ca php hiu chnh s c thit lp trong Direction.

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Push: Lm vt th bo hn.
Shell: To khi cho mt phng. Sweep: To cc thanh k thut t ng Shape. Skew: ko gin i tng theo 1 phng. Relax: tng t skew. Path Deform (WSM): xon i tng theo ng dn. Slice: to mt ct i tng bng mt phng. Subudivide: tng segment cho vt th. Sepherify: to trn i tng.

Substitute: thay i tng 3d ny bng i tng 3d khc.

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