Air Distribution System

PM Muhammad Abd Razak FKM UiTMPP

AIR CONDITIONING Achieving desirable temperature. Achieving desirable humidity. Supply the right amount of conditioned air Provides air movement. to properly distribute conditioned air within the space. WHAT IS ACCEPTABLE AIR DISTRIBUTION ? pulling of room air by the supply air due to the temperature difference in the region outside the occupied zone. No excessive draft (air motion) to users. No excessive room air temperature distribution. No excessive fluctuation room temperature, air motion and noise.

Ts=55.4 F / 13 C

SA
62.6 F Mixing Zone 73.4 F Occupied Zone TR=77F / 25C

TERMINOLOGIES Diffusion: Rapid mixing of supply air with the room air. Diffusion temperature: Supply air to space air temperature difference Eg. SA= 13C / 55.45F RA= 25C / 75F TD= 12C / 21.6F Induction / Entrainment: pulling of room air to cause mixing, due to temperature difference Throw / blow: The horizontal distance to SA travels before reaching its terminal velocity. Maximum throw distance is 10ft. Also known as Radius of Diffusion.

Diffuser:The supply outlet of SA. Symbol - square (2x2, rooms / halls) - round (nice looking, difficult to install) - slot/linear (hotel ball rooms) - grilles(rectangular, provide double deflections)

Grille: The return air inlet (rectangular, square). Normally situated in the stagment zones (room corner or end)

square

round

swiral

linear / slot (ceiling mounted)

double grille (wall mounted)

volume control damper

What types to use, where to place depends how many to use on: Architectural requirement / aesthetic - depending on type of usage and taste of user- (hotel ?, rooms/halls ?, supermarkets ?) Structural requirement: building structure behind; walls, ceiling or floors will resist ductworks. Locations; obstructions from:beams, fire fighting pipes, electrical points etc Diffusion temperature difference : higher location needs bigger TD and CFM Quantity: it is good to have many but acceptable if noise is not a factor. Size of diffuser / grilles

Determining the required air quantity (CFM) for each room. V (CFM) = ________ RSH__________ 1.09 x T diffusion (F) Or = _______ RSH__________ 1.2 x T diffusion (C) Or by Rules of Thumb, (ROT) = _RSH_ x 500 12 x 103

Good air distribution: Should be able to counteract all convection, radiation and conduction effects related to the room. Low noise level at supply (diffuser). eg: for residence 400 - 700 CFM. Return grille not located where by-passing of supply air can occur. (Short circuiting) Adequate return grilles to avoid hissing noise. (due to suction force) Avoid excessive throw near walls to prevent bouncing and creating draft. Diffusers with adjusting features (for balancing of flow) Row of diffusers may be located closer to the outside wall to compensate extra heat load.