Thiet Ke May Bien AP 3 Pha

Thit k MBA in lc
Mba in lc l mt b phn rt quan trng trong h thng in . Vic

ti in nng i xa t nh my in n h tiu th trong cc h thng in
cn phi c rt nhiu ln tng gim in p . Do tng cng sut t ca
cc Mba ln hn nhiu ln so vi cng sut my pht . Tuy hiu sut ca
Mba thng rt ln ( 98-99% ) Nhng do s lng Mba nhiu nn tng tn
hao trong h thng rt ng k v th vn t ra trong thit k Mba vn l
gim tn hao nht l tn hao khng ti trong Mba .
Khuynh hng pht trin ca ngnh ch to Mba in lc hin nayl
tng c gii hn v cng sut , v in p , ngoi ra cn m rng thang
cng sut ca Mba thnh nhiu dy p ng mt cch rng ri vi nhu
cu s dng v vn hnh Mba . lm c iu trong thit k , ch to
Mba ta phi khng ngng ci tin , tm ra nhng vt liu mi tt hn , thay
i kt cu mch t hp l , tng trnh cng ngh...
Qua bn n mn hc ny gip em hiu v lm quen vi cng vic
thit k Mba ni ring v my in ni chung . Mc d rt c gng trong
qu trnh thit k nhng chc chn khng trnh khi nhng sai st , em
mong cc thy , c cng cc bn ng gp nhng kin xy dng .
Em xin chn thnh cm n .
H ni . Ngy 10.10.2001
Sinh vin
Phn I :
Tnh ton cc kch thc ch yu
http://www.ebook.edu.vn
Thit k MBA in lc
1.1 Cc i lng in c bn ca Mba
1.1.1 Cng sut mi pha ca mba:
S 400
=
=133,33 (KVA)
3
m
S 400
=133,33 (KVA)
1.1.2 Cng sut mi tr:
S= =
3
t
Sf=
1.1.3 Dng in dy nh mc:

400.10 3
Sdm.103
= 6,6( A)
=
3U 2
3.35.10 3
-Pha CA:
I2 =
-Pha HA:
Sdm .103
400.10 3
I1 =
=
= 577,36( A)
3.U1
3.0,4.10 3
1.1.4 Dng in pha nh mc:

I f 2 = I 2 = 6,6 (A)
-Pha CA: u Y
-Pha HA: u Y
If1=I1= 577,36 (A)
1.1.5 in p pha:
C CA v HA u Y:
U 2 35.10 3
=
= 20207,26(V )
3.
3
U
400
= 1 =
= 230,94(V )
3
3
Uf2 =
U f1
1.1.6 Cc thnh phn in p ngn mch:

Thnh phn tc dng:
ur =
I f .rn
Uf
.100.
m.I f .10 3
m.I f .10
Pn
4600
=
= 1,15(%)
10.S dm 10.400
Thnh phn phn khng:

u x = u n2 u r2 = 5 2 1,15 2 = 4,866%
1.1.7 in p th ca cc dy qun:
Pha CA: U th 2 = 85 (KV)
Pha HA: U th1 = 5 (KV)
( Bng 2)
1.2 Chn cc s liu xut pht v thit k s b li thp:
1.2.1 Li st :
Chn li st kiu tr , dy qun cun thnh hnh tr nn tit din ngang ca
tr st c dng bc thang i xng ni tip vi hnh trn ng knh d
Thit k MBA in lc
d 01
d
Theo bng 4 vi cc tm l tn c p chn s bc l 6

Vt liu li st : dng tn silic m hiu 3404 c chiu dy : 0,35 mm-Bng8
p tr ta dng nm g sut gia ng giy Baklit vi tr hay vi cun dy h
p <H.2>
p gng ta dng x p vi bu lng xit ra ngoi gng

X p gng trn v di c lin kt vi nhau bng nhng bulng thng
ng chy dc ca s li st gia hai cun dy. gia x p vi gng phi lt
m cacton cch in h thng x st khng to thnh mch t kn .
1.2.2 Chn tn silic v cng t cm trong tr

Chn tn silic cn lnh m hiu 3404 c chiu dy 0,35mm
ta chn
BT=1,6T
Thit k MBA in lc
1.2.3 Cc h s v sut tn hao, sut t ho trong tr v gng.
1/ H s dy: Tra Bng 10 :
k = 0,92
2/ H s chm kn Bng 4:
kc=0,884
3/ H s li dng li thp:
kld=kc.k = 0,884.0,92=0,813
4/ H s tng cng tit din gng: ( Bng 6) kg=Tg:Tt=1,015
T cm trong gng BG=BT/kg=1,6/1,015=1,576
5/ H s quy i t trng tn:
kR=0,95
6/ T cm khe h khng kh gia tr v gng:
ghp cho BKK = BT / 2 =
1,6
2
= 1,131(T )
7/ Sut tn hao thp
(Bng 45 ) Trong tr
pT= 1,295(W/kg)
Trong gng
p G =1,251(W/kg)
8/ Sut t ho ( Bng50)
Trong tr
q T =1,775 (W/Kg)
Trong gng
q G =1,675(W/Kg)
1.2.4 Chn cch in : ( Bng 18,19)
1. Cch in gia tr v dy qun HA:
a01= 15 (mm)
2. Cch in gia dy qun HA v CA:
a12=27 (mm)
3.cch in gia dy qun CA v CA:
a22=30 (mm)
4. cch in gia dy qun CA n gng : l02=75 (mm)
5.b dy ng cch in CA v HA
:
12=5 (mm)
6.Tm chn gi cc pha :
22=3 (mm)
7.u tha ng cch in:
l2=50 (mm)
8. Chiu rng quy i t trng tn:
aR=a12+1/3(a1+a2)
trong
a1 + a2
= k 4 S ' .10 2
3
(Bng 12) k=0,59
a1 + a 2
= 0,59.4 133,33.10 2 = 0,019
3
aR=0,027+0,019=0,047(m)
1.3 Xc nh kch thc ch yu ca MBA:
MBA cn thit k l loi my 3pha 3 tr kiu phng dy qun ng tm (H.4)
Thit k MBA in lc
a1
lo
a22
a01
a2
d
d21
Cc kch thc ch yu ca MBA l:

ng knh tr st: d
Chiu cao dy qun: l
ng knh trung bnh gia hai dy qun:
d12
1.3.1 Tnh h s kch thc c bn :
H s biu din quan h gia ng knh trung bnh d12 vi chiu cao dy
qun l.
=
.d12
l
chi ph ch to MBA l nh nht, mt khc vn m bo cc ch tiu k thut

ta cn phi tm c gi tr ti u .
Cng sut trn mt tr :
S=U.I
Thnh phn phn khng ca in p ngn mch :
7,9.f .I.w..d12 .a R .k r
.10 4 (%)
u v .l
7,9.f .I.w..a R .k r
Ux =
.10 4 (%)
uv.
Ux =
Trong :
. I, w:
. f =50Hz
l dng in v s vng cun dy CA hoc HA

tn s li in
Thit k MBA in lc
.kr=0,95
.aR=0,047 m
.uv=4,44.f.BT.TT
.TT=kld2/4
h s Rogovski
chiu rng quy i t trng tn
in p trn mt vng dy
Tit din tr
2
d
4,44. f .BT .
.kld .u x .10
4
3
4
u .u .10 .10
=
S ' = uv .w. x v
7,9. f .w. .aR .kr
7,9. f .aR .kr
Rt ra:
d = 0,507
S ' ..a R .k r
f .u x .B 2T .k 2ld
Trong biu thc trn ch c thay i trong mt phm vi rng quyt nh ti s

thay i ng knh d
t
A= 0,507 4
S '.a R .k r
133,33.0,047.0,95
= 0,507 4
= 0,176
2
2
50.4,866.1,6 2.0,813 2
f .u x .BT .k ld
tm c ti u, trc ht ta xc nh trng lng tc dng ca MBA

a. Trng lng tc dng ca li st: Li st gm hai phn tr v gng
Trng lng st ca tr : GT = t.TT . Fe .(l + 2.l0 ) = t.
.d
.kld . Fe 12 + 2.l0
4

.d
Trong :
+S tr tc dng :
t=3
3
+T trng st Fe = 7650( Kg / m )
+ng knh trung bnh gia 2 dy qun : d 12 =a.d
H s : a=1,4 (Bng13)
+Khong cch gia cun dy v gng :
l 0 = 0,075 (m)
d =A.X
Trong :
d12=a.A.X
=X 4 ; GT =
A1
+ A2 .X 2 (2-42)
X
A1 = 5,663.10 4 .a. A 3 .k ld
A2 = 3,605.10 4 . A 2 .k ld .l 0
Thay s :
A1 = 5,663.10 4.1,4.0,176 3.0,813 = 351,401( Kg )

A2 = 3,605.10 4.0,176 2.0,813.0,075 = 68.09( Kg )
Trng lng st gng: cho n gin ta gi thit gng c tit din ch nht :
G G = 2.k G .TT . Fe .((t 1)C + e) = 2.k G .
.d 2
4
k ld . Fe .((t 1)C + e)
Trong : +Khong cch gia hai tr :

C= d12 + a12 + 2.a2 + a22
+Chiu dy cun CA:
a 2 =b.d/2
+Tr s b (Bng 14) :
b = 0,32
+Khong cch cch in :
a12= 0,027(m) ; a22= 0,03(m)
+d =a.A.X
+H s tng cng gng :
k=1.015
3
2
Thay vo :
GG = B1. X + B2 . X
(2-48) vi:
Thit k MBA in lc
B1 = 2,40.10 4 .k G .k ld . A 3 .(a + b + e)
B 2 = 2,40.10 4 .k G .k ld . A 2 .(a12 + a 22 )
Thay s :
B = 2,40.10 4.1,015.0,813.0,176 3.(1,4 + 0,32 + 0,41) = 229,977( Kg )

B2 = 2,40.10 4.1,015.0,813.0,176 2.(0,027 + 0,03) = 34,968( Kg )
Trng lng tc dng ca li st MBA :

G Fe = GT + G G =
A1
+ ( A2 + B 2 ). X 2 + B1 . X 3
X
b. Trng lng dy qun ng :

G dq =
k f .Pn
(2-53)
K .2
Trong : .K l hng s ph thuc in tr sut ca dyqun : K Cu =2,4.10-12

+mt dng in :
= 0.746.k f .
Pn .uv
S .d12
+kf : h s tnh n tn hao ph trong dy qun, trong vch.

Chn
kf=0,94 (Bng 15)
Thay d12=a.A.X, uv=4,447.BT.TT ; TT=
Trong :
'
C1 = K dq
.d 2
4
kld vo ( 2-53)
: Gdq = C12 .
X
Sa 2
k f .k ld2 .BT2 . f .U r . A 2
Vi tn s f=50Hz :
C1 = k dq
Sa 2
k f k ld2 BT2U r A 2
C1 = 2,46.10 2
vi dy ng : Kdq=2,46.10-2
400.1,4 2
= 340,39(kg )
0,94.0,813 2.1,6 2.1,15.0,176 2
Khi tnh c trng lng cch in ca dy qun v phn dy qun tng thm
dng iu chnh in p cun CA th trng lng ton b dy qun phi
nhn thm h s k=1,06
Gi thnh vt liu td:
C td = C Fe (GT + G g ) + C dq .k .G dq
Trong CFe v Cdq tng ng l gi 1kg st lm li v 1kg kim loi ng lm
dy qun k n cc chi ph v ch to li st v dy qun cng nh cc ph
liu khng dng c . Thng biu din gi thnh theo n v quy c vi
cch chn gi thnh 1kg st lm n v.
C td' =
Trong :
C td
C
A
= B1 . X 3 + (B 2 + A2 )X 2 + 1 + K dqFe .k . 1
X
X
C Fe
C
K dqFe = dq = 1,84 (Bng 16)
CFe
o hm CT 2-59 v cho trit tiu:
dCtd'
= 0 xc nh tr s X tng ng
dX
vi gi thnh vt liu tc dng cc tiu t phng trnh:

(2-59)
Thit k MBA in lc
X 5 + BX 4 CX D = 0
(2-60)
2 B + A2 2 (34,968 + 68,09)
B= . 2
= .
= 0,320
3
B1
3
229,977
C=
A1
351,401
=
= 0,509
3B1 3.229,977
D=
2C1
2.340,39
.K dqFe .k =
.1,84.1,06 = 1,924
3B1
3.229,977
Thayvo (2-60): X5+ 0,320.X4- 0,509.X- 1,924=0

Gii phng trnh trn bng phng php d ta c : X=1,21
Tng ng vi tr s = X 4 = 2,068
So snh vi phm vi tr s cho trong Bng 17 [1,8;2,4]
chn c cn phi cn c vo nhng tham s k thut ca mba thit
k:
P0 = k 'f ( pt Gt + pg .Gg )
1. Tn hao khng ti:
Trong : + pt ; pg sut tn hao trong tr v gng (bng 45)
Pt = 1,295 (w/kg)
;
pg=1,251(w/kg)
+ k f : h s ph,
(Bng 43) ;
kf=1,25
Gt,Gg;theo biu thc (2-42) v (2-48)
2. Thnh phn phn khng ca dng in khng ti
Q.102
Q
iox =
=
(%)
3
10S
S .10
Vi Q l cng sut t ho, gn ng tnh bi cng thc :

Q = k 'f' (Qc + Q f + Q )
Trong :
+ k 'f' : h s k n s phc hi t tnh khng hon ton khi li l tn ly
k 'f' = 1,2
+Qc : cng sut tn hao chung ca tr v gng:

(VA) (2-64)
Qc=qt.Gt+ qg.Gg
qt ;qg l sut tn hao ca tr v gng: Bng 50
qt=1,775 (VA/kg)
qg=1,675 (VA/kg)
+Qf: cng sut t ho ph i vi gc

Qf = 40 qt.G0 =(VA) 40 .1,775. G0 =71. G0
G0 l trng lng ca mt gc
G0 = 0,486.10 4 k g .k ld . A 3 . X 3 = 0,486.10 4.1,015.0,813.0,176 3. X 3 = 21,74 X 3
+ Q : cng sut t ho nhng khe h khng kh ni gia cc l thp

Q = 3,2q .Tt (VA) =3,2 .4000 Tt
(2-67)
+ q : sut t ho khe h: bng 50
Tit din tc dng ca ca tr : Tt = 0,785k ld A3 X 2 = 0,0198 X 2
Thit k MBA in lc
Trong tnh ton s b c th coi gn ng dng in khng ti i0=i0x

3. Mt dng in trong dy qun:
=
k f . Pn
K .Gdq
0,93.4600
1433,75.1012
1
=
= 42,219.10 6
12
Gdq
Gdq
2,4.10 .Gdq
Trong : + Gdq =
C1
X2
+K=2,4.10-12
+kf=0,93
i vi MBA du Cu 4,5.106 (A/m2)
4. Lc c hc :
Lc hng knh tc dng ln mt trong hai dy qun :
Fr = 0,628(imax . ) 2 . .kr .10 6 = 26.10 2
k n = 1,41.
k n2 .u x .S '
(N )
f .aR
100
100
(1 + e .u R / u X ) = 1,41.
(1 + e .1,15 / 5 ) = 51,38
un
5
Fr = 26.10 2
51,38 2.5.133,33
= 194,712.10 3 ( N )
50.0,047
ng sut ko tc dng ln tit din si dy dn :

r =
Trong :
Fr
= M .X 3
2. . .T
Pn
4600
= 0,244.10 6.51,38.0,93.0,95.
= 0,206
1,4.0,176
a. A
60( MN / m 2
M Cu = 0,244.10 6.k n .k f .k r .
iu kin :
Lp bng cc i lng :
1,2
1,047
X=4
A1 / X = 351,401 / X
335,63
2
2
74,64
A2 . X = 68,09. X
2
410,27
G T = A 1 / X + A 2 .X
263,952
B1 . X 3 = 229.977. X 3
2
2
38,332
B2 . X = 34,968. X
3
2
302,284
G G = B 1 .X + B 2 .X
G Fe = G T + G G
712,554
p t .G T = 1,295.G T
531,299
p G .G G = 1,251.G G
378,157
P0 = 1,25(p t .G T + p G .G G 1136,82
1,8
2,4
1,158
1,245
303,46 282,252
91,300 105,54
394,27
387,79
357,117 443,805
48,89
54,201
406,007 498,006
800,277 885,796
510,580 502,188
507,915 623,01
1273,119
1406,498
9
3,0
1,316
267,022
117,922
384,79
524,145
60,561
584,706
969,496
498,303
731,467
1537,213
3,6
1,377
255,193
129,11
384,300
600,463
66,304
666,767
1051,067
487,670
834,126
1652,245
Thit k MBA in lc
728,23
506,326
Q C = q T .G T + q G .G G 1234,556
24,952
G0 = 21,74. X 3
Q f = 71.G 0
1771,592
2
0,022
TT = 0,0198. X
Q = 12800.TT
281,6
Q = 1,2(Q c + Q f + Q ) 3287,748
699,83
680,062
1379,892
33,759
2396,889
0,0266
340,48
4117,261
q T .G T = 1,775.G T
p G .G G = 1,675.G G
688,33
834,160
1522,49
41,953
2978.663
0,0307
391,68
4892,833
683,002
979,383
1662,385
49,548
3517,908
0,0343
439,04
5619,333
682,133
1116,832
1798,954
56,762
4030,102
0,0375
480
6309,056
1.23
219,587
428,195
1,40
196,529
382,232
1,58
179,503
350,03
1313,991
1351,728
k dqFe .k .G dq = 1,95.G dq
0,822
310,488
605,452
C 'td = G Fe + k dqFe .k .G dq
1318,006
= 42,219.10 6. 1 / Gdq
2,4.106
2,65.106
2,85.106
3,012.106
3,15.106
r = 0,123.X 3
d = A. X = 0,176. X
d 12 = a.d = 1,4.d
l = .d 12 /
0,141
0,151
0,211
0,552
0,191
0,167
0,234
0,408
0,237
0,179
0,251
0,329
0,280
0,190
0,266
0,279
0,321
0,198
0,277
0,242
i 0 x = Q /(10.S )
G dq = C 1 / X
1,03
253,812
494,933
1295,21
1401,97
+Vi gii hn
P0=920 W 2,6
+Vi gii hn
i0=1,5% [1,2;3,6]
+Tr s =2,068 ng vi Ctdmin
Ta chn gi tr =2,068 tho mn tt c cc tiu chun t ra.
1.3 Cc kch thc ch yu :
1/ ng knh tr st :
d = A4 = 0,176.4 2,068 = 0,211(m)
Chn ng knh tiu chun gn nht : dm=0,22

Tnh li tr s m :
4
dm
0,22
d
= dm =
= 2,44
A
0,176
2/ ng knh trung bnh ca rnh du gia hai dy qun :

d12 = d dm + 2.a01 + 2.a1 + a12
+ a1 = k1 .
a1 + a 2
= 1,1.0,019 = 0,021(m)
3
(2-77)
; Trong : k1=1.1 v
10
a1 + a 2
= 0,019
3
Thit k MBA in lc
+ a01=1,5 cm
+ a12=2,7 cm
d12 = 22 + 2.1,5 + 2.2,1 + 2,7 = 31,9cm
3/ Chiu cao dy qun :

l=
.d 12 .31,9
=
= 41,0516cm
2,44
dm
Tit din thun st ca tr :

TT = k d .k c .
2
.d dm
2
.d dm
.0,22 2
= k ld .
= 0,813.
= 0,038(m)
4
4
4
in p mt vng dy : u v = 4,44. f .BT .TT = 4,44.50.1,6.0,038 = 13,5(V )
Phn II. Tnh ton dy qun.

2.1 Tnh dy qun HA.
1.
S vng dy mt pha ca dy qun HA:
W1 =
U t1
Uv
Trong +Ut1 l in p trn mt tr ca dy HA:

Ut1 = Uf1 = 230,94 (V)
+Uv = 13,5 (V) W1 =
in p mt vng dy.
230,94
=17,1 18(vng)
13,5
Tnh li in p mt vng dy
Uv =
230,94
= 12,83 (V)
18
Cng t cm thc trong tr st l :

Bt =
Uv
12,83
=
= 1,5208 (T)
4,44.50.0,038
4,44. f .Tt
2. Mt dng in trung bnh.
S b tnh theo cng thc: tb = 0,746.kg.

tb = 0,746 . 0,93 .
Pn .U v
104 ( A/m2)
Sd 12
4600.12,83
.104 = 2,689 .106 ( A/m2)
400.0,318
3. Tit din vng dy s b:

11
Thit k MBA in lc
T 1' =
I
I t1
360,844
= f1 =
= 134,216.10-6 (m2) = 134,216 (mm2)
6
tb
tb
2,689.10
Chn kt cu dy qun, da theo Bng 38:

Vi S = 250 KVA ; It = 360,844 (A) ; U1 = 0,4 ( KV)
T 1' = 134,261 (mm2)
Chn kt cu dy qun hnh xon mch n dy dn bt. ( H.5) . Vi u im
l bn c cao, cch in bo m, lm lnh tt.
hv
Hnh 5.
4. Chiu cao s b mi vng dy:
hv1 =
l1
- hr1
W1 + 4
Trong : + hr1 l kch thc hng trc ca rnh du gia cc bnh dy: Bng
54a: Ly hr1 = 4(mm)
+ l1: Chiu cao dq HA: l1 = 39,634cm = 0,39634 (m)
+ W1 = 36 (vng)
0,39634
- 0,004 = 0,006m = 6 (mm)
36 + 4
12
hv1 =
Thit k MBA in lc
hv1 < 0,0165m ( 16,5mm) do dng dy qun hnh xon mch n.
5. Cn c vo hv1 v T 1' chn dy dn theo Bng 21:
- Chn s si chp song song l : mv1 = 6

- Tit din si dy : 23,4(mm2)
b.
- Kch thc dy dn:
3,8.6,2
; 23,4
4,2.6,6
6. Tit din mi vng dy:
T1 = n.v1. Td1 . 10-6 = 6 . 23,4 . 10-6 = 140,4 . 10-6 (m2)

7. Mt dng in thc:
1 =
I1
360,844
= 2,57 . 106 ( A/m2) = 2,57 (MA/m2)
=
6
T1 140,4.10
8. Chiu cao dy qun:

Dy dn hnh xon mch n hon v ba ch, gia cc bnh dy u c rnh
du
a1
hv
hr
hv
a
-3
l1 = b . 10 . (W1 + 4 ) + k. hr1 ( W1 + 3 ) . 10-3

l1 = 6,6. 10-3 ( 36 + 4 ) + 0,95 . 4 ( 36 + 3 ) 10-3 = 0,412 (m)
Trong : + b = 6,6(mm)
+ W1 = 36 (vng)
+ hhr = 4 (mm)
+ k = 0,95: h s k n s co ngt ca tm m sau khi p cht cun dy.
9. B dy ca dy qun:
13
Thit k MBA in lc
a1 =
n v1
6
a . 10-3 = . 4,2 . 10-3 =25,2.10-3 = 0,0252 (m)
n
1
Vi dy qun hnh xon mch n
n =1.
10. ng knh trong ca dy qun HA:
D 1' = d + 2a01 = 0,17 + 2. 0,004 = 0,178 (m)

11. ng knh ngoi ca dy qun:
D 1" = D 1' + 2a1 = 0,178 + 2. 0,0252 = 0,228 (m)

12. B mt lm lnh ca dy qun:
M1 = 2.t .k .. (D 1' + a1 ) ( a1 + b. 10-3) .W1 (m2)

+ k : H s k n b mt dy qun b tm dm che khut ly k = 0,75
+ t : S tr tc dng : t =3
M1 = 2.3.0,75.3,142 ( 0,178 + 0,0252) ( 0,0252 + 6,6 .10-3) = 0,091 (m2)
13. Trng lng ng dy qun HA:
Gcu1 =t .
=28 . 3.
D1' .D1"
D ' .D "
W1 .T1 cu = 28 t . 1 1 W1 .T1 . 103
2
2
0,178 + 0,228
.36.140,4.10-6.103 = 86,188(Kg)
2
2.2 Tnh dy qun CA.

1. Chn s iu khin in p: on dy iu chnh nm lp ngoi
cng, mi nc iu chnh c b tr thnh hai nhm trn di dy qun ni tip
vi nhau v phn b u trn ton chiu cao dy qun. (H.7 ) . Ch rng hai
nhm ca on dy iu chnh phi qun cng chiu vi dy qun chnh.
%Um
p (V)
u dy
+5
36750
X1
+2,5
35875
X2
35000
X3
-2,5
34425
X4
14
Thit k MBA in lc
-5
33250
X5
X1
X2
X3
X4
X5
2. S vng dy ca cun CA ng vi p m :
W2 = W1.
Uf2
U f1
20,207.103
= 36 .
= 3149,961 3150 (vng )
230,940
3. S vng dy ca mt cp iu chnh p:
Wc = 0,025. W2m = 0,025 . 3150 = 78,75 79 (vng )

4. S vng dy tng ng cc u phn p:
+ Cp [+5%Um]: 36750 (V) : W2 = W2m = 3150 + 2.79 = 3308(vng)

+ Cp [+2,5%Um]: 35875(V) : W2 = W2m + Wc = 3150 + 79 = 3229 (vng)
+ Cp Um: 35000(V) : W2 = W2m = 3150
+ Cp [-2,5%Um]:34425(V)
W2 = W2m - Wc = 3150 2 . 79 = 2992(vng)
5. Mt dng in s b:
2 = 2tb - 1 = 2 . 2,689 . 106 - 2,577 . 106 = 2,808 . 106 (A/m2)

6. Tit din dy dn s b:
15
Thit k MBA in lc
T '2 =
4,124
I2
=
= 1,469(mm2)
6
2 10
2,808.106.10 6
7. Chn kiu dy qun:
Theo bng 38: Vi S =250 (KVA) ; It2 = 4,124(A) ; U2 = 35(KV)

+ T '2 = 1,469(mm2)
Chn kt cu dy qun kiu: hnh ng nhiu lp dy dn trn. u im: Cng
ngh ch to n gin , nhc: Tn nhit km, bn c khng cao.
b 1 .
8. Chn dy dn:Bng 20: Chn dy
1,4
. 1,54
1,8
9. Tit din ton phn ca mi vng dy:
T2 = nv2.Td2.10-6 = 1,54.10-6(m2)
10. Mt dng in thc:
2 =
I2
4,124
=
= 2,678.10-6 (A/m2) = 2,678 (MA/m2)
6
T2
1,54.10
11. S vng dy trong mt lp:
W12 =
l 2 .10 3
n v 2 .d 2'
0,412.103
-1=
-1=
1.1,8
228(vng)
Trong ly l2 = l1 = 0,412(m)
12. S lp ca dy qun:
n12 =
W2
3150
=
= 14 (lp)
W12
288
13. in p lm vic gia hai lp k nhau:
U12 = 2W12. Uv = 2. 228 . 6,415 = 2925,240(V)

14. Chiu dy cch in gia cc lp:
Bng 26: + S lp giy cp: 4 lp

+ Chiu dy mt lp giy cp: 0,12(mm)
Chiu dy cch in gia cc lp: 12 = 4. 0,12 = 0,48mm
16
Thit k MBA in lc
15. Phn phi s vng dy trong cc lp, chia t lp:
+ Do s lp ca dy qun c lm trn thnh s nguyn n12 = 14 (lp) nn s

vng dy trong mi lp khng ng bng w12 ( 228 vng).
Ta phn phi 12 lp trong c s vng dy l W12 = 228vng cn 2 lp ngoi
cng c s vng dy t hn:
w12 = ( 3150 -12. 228 )/2 = 207(vng)
+ tng iu kin lm mt, phn dy qun CA thnh hai t lp gia hai t c

rnh du dc trc a22
T lp trong : C s lp n =5 lp
T lp ngoi: C s lp m = n12 - n = 14 - 5 = 9 (lp)
Kch thc rnh dy: Bng 54 : a22 = 5(mm)
16. Chiu dy dy qun CA:
a2 = [d 2' (n + m) + 12 [(n 1) + (m 1)] + a22' ] .10-3

'
Trong : + d 2 = 1,8 mm , m = 9 , n =5
+ 12 = 4. 0,12 = 0,48 (mm)
, a '22 = 5(mm)
a2 = [1,8(5 + 9) + 0,48[(5 1) + (9 1)] + 5].103 = 36.10-3 (m)

Vi in p 35 KV ta b tr thm mn chn tnh in bng kim loi dy 0,5mm
( ni in vi dy qun cao p) lp trong cng ca cun CA. Mn chn c
cch in hai pha bng cch in lp nn chiu dy cun CA s l:
a2 = [a2' + ( c + 21 ].103 = [36 + (0,5 + 2.0,48)].103 = 37,5.103 (m)
+ c = 0,5mm
+ 1 = 12 = 0,48(mm)
y ch l kch thc hnh hc cun dy, cn khi tnh s tn th ly gi tr
a2 = 36. 10-3(m) v lc coi rnh du c tng ln:
a 12' = ( a12 + c + 21). 10-3
= ( 27 + 0,5 + 2. 0,48) 10+-3 = 28,5. 10-3(m)
17
Thit k MBA in lc
17. ng knh trong ca dy qun CA :
D ' 2 = D"1 + 2.a12 .103 = 0,228 + 2.27.103 = 0,282(m)
18. ng knh ngoi ca dy qun CA :

D"2 = D ' 2 + 2.a2 = 0,282 + 2.37,5.103 = 0,357(m)
19. Khong cch gia hai tr cnh nhau:

C = D"2 + a22 .103 = 0,357 + 20.103 = 0,377(m)
20..B mt lm lnh ca dy qun :

M 2 = 1,5.t.k . .( D ' 2 + D"2 ).l2 = 1,5.3..0,88. .(0.282 + 0,357).0,412 = 3,275(m 2 )
Trong k= 0,88 : h s tnh n b mt lm lnh b cc chi tit cch in che

khut
21.Trng lng ng ca dy qun CA:
GCu 2 = 28.t.
0,282 + 0,357
D ' 2 + D"2
.w2 dm .T2 .10 3 = 28.3.
.3150.1,54.10 6.103 = 130,191( Kg )
2
2
Hai cun dy Iu chnh c trng lng :

Gd / c = 0,05.GCu 2 = 0,05.130,191 = 6,51( Kg )
Phn III: Tnh ton ngn mch

3.1. Tn hao ngn mch:
Tn hao ngn mch ca Mba hai dy qun l tn hao khi ngn mch mt dy
qun cn dy qun kia t vo iu p ngn mch Un cho dng in trong c
hai dy qun u bng nh mc .
3.1.1. Tn hao chnh:
L tn hao ng trong dy qun:
2 .T 2 . .l.106
= 2 (T.l). .10-6
Pcu = I .R =
T
2
Pcu = 2(T.l.d).
, 10-6 = 2,4m 10-12 . 2. Gcu (4-3)

d
Trong : + : Mt dng in (A/m2)

18
Thit k MBA in lc
+ 1 = 2,570. 106(A/m2)
+2 = 2,678 . 106 (A/m2)
+ T tit din dy ng: (m2)
+ l chiu di dy dn (m)
+ d: T trng dy dn d = 8900kg/m3
+ : in tr sut ca dy dn 750C
= 0,02135 m
+ Gcu : Trng lng ng dy qun:
+ Dy qun HA: Gcu = 86,188(kg)
Pcu = 2,4 . 10-12. 2,572. 1012 . 86,188 1366,231(W)
- Dy qun CA:
Gcu2 = 130, 191 (kg)
Pcu2 = 2,4 . 10-12. 2,6782 .1012.130,191
= 2240,855(W)
Vy tn hao ng:
Pcu= Pcu1 + Pcu2 = 1366,231 + 2240,855 = 3607,086 (W)
3.1.2. Tn hao ph trong dy qun:
Tn hao ph thng c ghp vo tn hao chnh bng cch thm h s kf vo

tn hao chnh:
Pcu + Pf = Pcu. kf.
Trong kf ph thuc vo kch thc hnh hc ca dy dn v s sp xp ca
dy dn trong tn tht tn.
- Trong dy qun HA:
+ S thnh dn song song vi t thng tn: m = 36
kf1 = 1 + 0,095 . 108 .2a4.n2
19
Thit k MBA in lc
Trong :
6,1.10 3.36.0,95
b.m
+=
kr =
= 0,506
l
0,412
+ b = 6,1(mm)
+ a = 3,7(mm)
kf1 = 1 + 0,95.108 ( 0,506)2 . ( 3,7)4. 10-12 . 62 = 1,0164
Trong dy qun CA.
kf2 = 1 + 0,044. 108 2.d4.n2
Vi : n = 14
d = 1,3(mm)
m = 288
d.m
1,3.103.288.0,95
.kr =
= 0,683
l
0,412
kf2 = 1 + 0,44. 108(0,683)2 . 1,32.10-12.142 = 1,001

Dy qun HA l dy qun hnh xon c s si ghp song song l 6 do cn
c tn hao ph gy nn bi dng in phn b khng u gia cc dy ghp
song song v hon v khng hon ton.
20
Thit k MBA in lc
n
4
2 3
kfhv1 = 1 + 0,53 . 10-2.2 (
cu
)2.a4(n4 20n2 + 64)

2
50
4
-12 4
2
kfhv1 = 1 + 0,53. 10 (0,506) .
. 3,7 .10 (6 20. 6 + 64)
0,02135
-2
kfhv1 = 1,001
3.1.3. Tn hao chnh trong dy dn ra:
Pr = 2,4. 10-12.2.Gr
1. i vi dy qun HA:
- Chiu di dy dn ra HA: lr1 = 7,5l = 7,5. 0412 = 3, 090(m)

-
Trng lng ng dy dn ra HA:
Gr1 = lr1.Tr1. = 3,09 . 140,4. 10-6. 8900 = 3,861(kg)

- Tn hao trong dy dn ra HA:
21
Thit k MBA in lc
Pr1 = 2,4 . 10-12. 2,572. 10-12 . 3,861 = 61,206(W)

2. i vi dy qun CA:
- Chiu di dy dn ra CA
lr2 = 7,5.l = 7,5. 0,412 = 3,090 (m)
- Trng lng ng dy dn ra CA:
Gr2 = lr2.Tr2. cu = 3,09 . 1,54.10-6. 8900 = 0,042(kg)
- Tn hao trong dy dn ra CA:
Pr2 = 2,4 . 10-12. ( 2,678)2 . 1012. 1,042 = 0,729 (W)
3.1.4. Tn hao trong vch thng v cc chi tit kim loi khc:
Do mt phn t thng tin khp mch qua vch thng du, cc x p gng, cc
bulng...., nn pht sinh tn hao trong cc b phn ny.
Pt = 10.k.s
Trong h s k tra theo bng 40a: k = 0,015
Pt = 10 . 0,015 . 250 = 37,5 (W)
3.1.5. Nh vy ta c tn hao ngn mch ca mba l:
Pn = Pcukf1 + Pcu2kf2 + Pr1 + Pr2 + Pt

Pn = Pcu1 ( kf1 + kfhv1 1 ) + Pcu2kf2 + Pr1 + Pr2 + Pt = 1366,231( 1,0164 + 1,001
1) +
+2240,855. 1,001 + 61,206 + 0,729 + 37,5 = 3732,534
(W)
So snh vi s liu cho :
3732,534
.100 = 100,879%
3700
Nu k c dy qun iu chnh ( khi 100,05Um)

Pn = 3732,534 + 0,05 ( 2240,855.1,001) = 3844,689(W)
3.2. Xc nh in p ngn mch:
3.2.1. Thnh phn in p ngn mch tc dng.
22
Thit k MBA in lc
Unr =
r .I m
r .I
U nr
Pn
.100 = n dm .100 = n dm .100=
100
U dm. I dm .m
U dm
U dm
S .1000
Unr =
3732,534
Pn
=
= 1,439 (%)
10.S
10.250
3.2.2. Tnh thnh phn in p ngn mch phn khng:
unx =
X n I dm
7,9. f .s '. .ar .kr
.100 =
.10 1 %
2
U dm
Uv
Trong : + =
d12
l
+d12 = d m + 2a01 + 2a1 + a12 = 0,17 + 2.0,004 + 2.0,0252 + 0,027 = 0,255 (m)
+ = 3,142 .
0,255
= 1,944
0,412
+ar = a12 + 1/3(a1 + a2) = 0,027 + 1/3 ( 0,0252 + 37,5 . 10-3) = 0,048(m)
+kr = 1 - ( 1 e1/6)
+ =
a12 + a1 + a2 0,027 + 0,0252 + 0,0375

=
= 0,069
.l
3,142.0,412
+kr = 1 0,069 ( 1 e-1/0,069) = 0,931

Unx =
7,9.50.83,333.1,944.0,048.0,931
. 10-1 = 6,949%
2
6,415
3.2.3. in p ngn mch ton phn:
Un = 6,9492 + 1,4932 = 7,107%

Sai lch ln hn so vi tiu chun :
7,107 6,8
.100 = 4,5%
6,8
Nh vy sai s nm trong phm vi 5% t yu cu.

3.3. Lc c hc ca dy qun:
Khi mba b s c ngn mch th dng in ngn mch s rt ln, n khng

nhng lm tng nhit my m cn gy lc c hc ln nguy him i vi dy
qun mba.
23
Thit k MBA in lc
3.3.1. Dng in ngn mch cc i.
1.Tr s hiu dng ca dng in ngn mch xc lp:
In =
I dm
4,124
100 =
.100 = 58,027 (A)
Un
7,107
2. Tr s cc i ( xung kch) ca dng in ngn mch:

imax = 2 I n (1 + e .u nr / u nx )
imax = 58,027. 2 .(1 + e .1, 493 / 6,949 ) = 123,846( A)
3.3.2. Tnh lc c hc khi ngn mch:
Lc c hc sinh ra do tc dng ca dng in trong dy qun vi t thng tn.

- Lc hng knh: Do t trng tn dc tc dng vi dng in gy nn
Fr = Btbimax. W. lv = 0 ,628 (imax.W)2 . k r . 10-6
( 4- 34)
2
-6
Fr = 0,628. ( 123,846 . 3150) . 1,944. 0,931. 10 = 172978N
Lc Fn i vi hai dy qun l trc i nhau ( H.9 ) c tc dng p ( hay nn)
dy qun trong v c tc dng trng ( bung) i vi dy qun ngoi.
- Lc chiu trc Ft do t trng tn ngang tc dng vi dng in sinh ra.

0,048
a
Ft = Fr . r = 172978 .
= 10076 (N)
2l
2.0,412
Lc Ft c tc dng nn c hai dy qun theo chiu trc v Ft s t gi tr ln
nht gia dy qun.
24
Thit k MBA in lc
3.3.3. Tnh ton ng sut ca dy qun:
1. ng sut do lc hng knh gy nn:
ng sut nn trong dy qun HA: Do lc nn Fnr gy nn
Fr .10 6
Fnr .10 6
Fn
172978.10 6
nr1 =
=
=
= 5,447 (MPa)
Fnr =
2
TW
2.T.W 2.3,142.140,4.10 6 .36
- ng sut nn hoc ko trong dy qun CA:
nr2 =
172978.10 6
= 5,675(MPa)
2.3,142.1,54.10 6.3150
So snh vi gi tr tiu chun: nr 30MPa

5,675
.100 = 18,9%
30
ng sut nn cho php.
2. ng sut do lc chiu trc gy nn:
Lc chiu trc ch yu l lc nn, n lm hng nhng ming m cch

in gia cc vong dy. ( H .10)
Fn = Ft = 10076
25
Thit k MBA in lc
Fn .106
10076.10 6
n =
=
= 1,25 MPa
n.a.b
8.25,2.40.10 6
Trong :
30)
+n : S ming m theo chu vi vng trn dy qun, n=8 (Bng

+a, b:kch thc ming m
Chn
+ B rng tm m b = 40 (mm)
+ B rng tm m a = 25,2(mm)
Phn IV: tnh ton cui cng v h thng mch t v tham s

khng ti ca m.b.a
4.1 Tnh ton kch thc li st :
1. Ta chn kt cu li thp kiu 3 pha , 3 tr , l thp ghp xen k lm bng
tn cn lnh m hiu 3404 dy 0,35 mm c 4 mi ni nghing 4 gc . p tr
dng nm g sut gia ng giy baklit vi tr . Gng p bng x p vi bu
lng sit ra ngoi gng
S bc , chiu dy cc tp l thp v kch thc cc tp l thp tra theo Bng
41a : vi d = 0,17 m
Th
t tp
1
2
3
4
5
6
Tr (mm)
Gng ( Trong 1/2 Tt )
160 28
145 17
130 10
110 10
85 8
50 8
160 28
145 17
130 10
110 10
85 16
- S bc thang trong tr nT = 6
- S bc thang trong gng nG = 5
- Chiu rng tp l thp gng ngoi cng
aG = 85 mm
- H s chm kn hnh trn ca bc thang tr kc = 0,927
- Din tch tit din ngang cc bc thang ca tr v gng ( Bng 42a )
TbT = 208,5cm2
Tb = 214,1cm2
- Th tch gc mch t :
V0 = 2908 cm3
26
Thit k MBA in lc
2. Xc nh tit din tng cc bc thang trong tr :

TbT = aT .bT .106 = 208,5cm2
3. Tit din tc dng ca tr st :

TT = k d .TbT
Trong k l h s in y k = 0,92 ( Bng 10 )

TT = 0,92.208,5 = 191,82cm2
4. Tit din tng cc bc thang ca gng :

TbG = aG .bG .106 = 21410mm 2
5. Chiu dy gng :
bG = bT .103 = (28 + 17 + 10 + 10 + 8 + 8).2 = 0,162m
6. Tit din tc dng ca gng :

TG = kd .TbG = 0,92.214,1 = 196,972cm2
7. Chiu cao tr st :
l T = l + (l 0 '+l 0 ' ')
27
Thit k MBA in lc
Trong : l0' v l0'' l khong cch t dy qun n gng trn v gng di

v bng
0,075 m
lT = 0,412 + 2.0,075 = 0,562m
8. Khong cch gia hai tr cnh nhau :

C = D 2 ' '+a 22 .10 3 = 0,357 + 0,02 = 0,377 m
9. Trng lng st ca tr v gng :
- Trng lng st 1 gc ca mch t : l phn chung nhau ca tr v gng ,
gii hn bi hai mt trc vung gc nhau
G 0 = k d .V0 . .10 6
Trong : V0 l th tch gc mch t

= 7650 ( Kg/m3 ) : L t trng thp
G0 = 0,92.2908.106.7650 = 20,467 Kg `
Trng lng st gng : Gm hai phn :

Phn gia hai tr bin :
GG ' = 2.(t 1).C.TG . = 2.(3 1).0,377.196,972.7650.104 = 227,231Kg
Phn gng gia cc gc :

GG ' ' = 4.
G0
= 2.G0 = 2.20,467 = 40,934 Kg
2
Trng lng st ton phn ca gng :

GG = GG '+GG ' ' = 227,231 + 40,934 = 268,165Kg
Trng lng st tr : Gm hai phn :

Phn tr ng vi chiu cao ca s mch t :
GT ' = t.TT .lT . = 3.191,82.104.0,562.7650 = 247,408Kg
Phn tr ni vi gng :
GT ' ' = t.(TT .a1G . .103 G0 ) = 3.(191,82.104.0,16.7650 20,467) = 9,035 Kg
Trong a1G = 160mm

Trng lng st tr :
GT = GT '+GT ' ' = 247,408 + 9,035 = 256,433Kg
Trng lng st ton b ca tr v gng :

GFe = GT + GG = 256,433 + 268,165 = 524,608Kg
4.2 Tnh ton tn hao khng ti , dng in khng ti v hiu sut mba
Khi cp in p xoay chiu nh mc c tn s nh mc vo cun dy s cp
v th cp h mch , gi l ch khng ti .
1. Tn hao khng ti : Ch yu l tn hao trong l thp silic .
P0 = k f .( p T .GT + p G .G G )
Trong : sut tn hao pT , pG ph thuc vo t cm BT , BG , m hiu v

chiu dy l thp :
uV .104
6,415.104
BT =
=
= 1,506T
4,44. f .TT 4,44.50.191,82
28
Thit k MBA in lc
BG = BT .
TT
191,82
= 1,506.
= 1,467T
TG
196,972
Tit din khe h khng kh mi ni nghing :

Bkn =
BT 1,506
=
= 1,065T
2
2
Tra bng 45 :
Vi BT = 1,506 T pT = 1,11 (W/Kg) ; pK = 858,4 (W/m2)
Vi BG = 1,467 T pG = 1,044 ( W/Kg) ; pK = 810,4 (W/m2)
Vi Bkn = 1,065 T pKN = 398,6 (W/m2)
i vi mch t phng , ni nghing 4 gc , tr gia ni thng , li st
khng t l , tn c sau khi ct v c kh bavia :
p + pG
P0 = k pc .k pp . p T .GT + p G .(G G ' N .G 0 ) + T

.G 0 .k p 0 + p K .n K .TK .k pG .k pe .k pt
2
Trong :
+ N: S lng gc ni ca mch t
N=4
+ kp0 = 10,18 l h s k n tn hao ph cc gc ni mch t ( Bng 47 )
l h s tn hao ph gng
+ kPG = 1
+ kPT = 1,01 l h s tn hao do tho lp gng trn ( lng dy)
+ kPE = 1,02 l h s tn hao do p tr ai
+ kPC = 1,05 l h s k n tn hao do ct dp l tn
l h s k n tn hao gp mp hoc kh bavia
+ kPB = 1
S khe ni gia cc l thp trong mch t .
+ nK :
Thay s :
1,11 + 1,044
.20,467.10,18 +
P0 = 1,05.1.1,11.256,443 + 1,044.(227,231 4.20,467) +
2
+ (4.398,6. 2 .191,82.10 4 + 1.858,4.191,82.10 4 + 2.810,4.196,972.10 4 ) .1.1,02.1,01 =

= 813,934( W )
813,934 820
Sai lch so vi tiu chun :
.100 = 0,74%
820
2. Dng in khng ti :
Thnh phn tc dng ca dng in khng ti:
i0 R % =
P / m.U f
I0R
.100 = 0
S / m.U
If
f
.100 = P0 .100 = 813,934 = 0,326%
S
250.10
Theo Bng 50 , ta tm c sut t ho :

Vi BT = 1,506 T , qT = 1,375 ( VA/Kg) , qKT =17008 (VA/m2)
Vi BG = 1,467 T , qG = 1,241 (VA/Kg) , qKG = 14884 (VA/m2)
Vi Bkn = 1,065 T , qKN =1975 (VA/m2)
Vi li st kiu tr phng , lm bng thp cn lnh c p tr v gng bng ai
, khng c bulng xuyn li :
29
Thit k MBA in lc
qt + q g
Q0 = k ig . k ie .k it k ib .k ic .q t G t + q g (G g' N .G 0 ) +
.k ir .k io .G 0 + + q k . n k .Tk
2
= 1,00.1,04.1,01.[1,00.1,18.[1,375.256,433 + 1,241(227,231 4.20,467) +

1,375 + 1,241
+
.1,433.41,745.20,467 ] + (4.1975.271,274 + 1.17008.191,82 +
2
+ 2.14884.196,972).104 ] = 3829,289 (VA)
Trong :
N=4
TK = 2TT = 2.191,82 = 271,274cm2 vi mi ghp nghing
TK = TG = 196,972cm2 ( Gng )
TK = TT = 191,82cm2 Vi mi ghp thng tr
+kib = 1 :
H s k n nh hng ca vic ct gt bavia
+kic = 1,18 : H s k n nh hng ca vic ct dp l thp
+kir = 1,433 : H s k n nh hng do chiu rng l tn cc gc mch t
H s lm tng cng sut t ho gng
+kig = 1 :
kie = 1,04 : H s k n nh hng ca vic p mch t
kit = 1,01 : H s k n s tng cng sut t ho do tho lp gng trn
cho dy qun vo tr
ki0 = 41,745 : H s chung ( Bng 53 )
Thnh phn phn khng ca dng in khng ti :
i0 x % =
Q0
3829,289
=
= 1,532%
10.S
10.250
Dng in khng ti tng :

i0 % = i02x + i02r = 1,5322 + 0,326 2 = 1,566%`
Nh hn so vi dng in khng ti tiu chun.

Tr s :
1,532
= 5,528 (A)
100
0,326
I oR = 360,844.
= 1,176 (A)
100
1,566
I 0 = 360,844.
= 5,615 (A)
100
I 0 X = 360,844.
3.Hiu sut ca mba khi ti nh mc :
P +P
813,934 + 3844,689
0
n
.100 = 1
= 1
.100 = 98.2%
P
+
P
+
P
250000 + 813,934 + 3844,689
dm
0
n
Phn V : Tnh ton nhit

30
Thit k MBA in lc
5.1 Tnh ton nhit ca dy qun :
1. Nhit chnh trong lng dy qun hay l st vi mt ngoi ca n:
-Dy qun HA: dy ch nht :
0 =
q.
cd
Trong :
+ l chiu dy cch in mt phi ca dy dn :
1 = 0,2.103 m
+ cd : Sut dn nhit ca lp cch in ca dy dn

Bng 54 : cd = 0,17 (W/m 0C)
+q: Mt dng nhit trn b mt dy qun HA :
q1 =
Hay q1 =
pCu .k f
M
107..I .b .k f
k (b'+ aK )
.1010 ( W/m )
Trong :
+Wb = 1 s vng dy trong mt bnh dy
+k = 0,75 h s che khut b mt lm lnh
+ aK = 0,0252 m kch thc hng knh ca dy qun
+b' = 6,6.10-3
+kf = 1,0164
107.2,57.106.360,844.1.1,0164 10
2
q1 =
.10 = 442,876 W/m
3
0,75. 6,6.10 + 0,0252
01 =
442,876.0,2.10
0,17
= 0,498 C
- dy qun CA: dy dn trn:
P.a 2
0 = 0,28
tb
Trong : + a= 0,0375 (m) l chiu dy dy qun

+p l tn hao trong mt n v th tch dy qun :
2 .d 2
p = 1,68 '
.10 8 (W/m 3 )
'
(d + l ).d
+d=1,4.10 3 (m)
+d=1,8.10 3 (m)
+ l = 0,48.10 3 (m)
2,678 2.1012..1,4 2. .10 6

.10 8 = 575,4 (W/m 3 )
p =1,68
3
3
(1,8 + 0,48).10 .1,8.10
. 1 (d ' + l )
+ tb =
: dn xut nhit trung bnh
. l + 1 .d '
31
Thit k MBA in lc
1 = 0,17 (W/m 0 C)
0,454.0,17.(1,8 + 0,48).10 3
tb =
= 0,336 (W/m 0 C)
3
3
0,454.0,48.10 + 0,17.1,8.10
575,4.0,0375 2
02 = 0,28.
= 6,7430 C
0,336
Mt dng nhit trn b mt ca dy qun CA:
q2 =
PCu 2 .k f 2 2240,855.1,001
=
= 684,915 (W/m 2 )
M2
3,275
2. Nhit chnh gia mt ngoi dy qun i vi du :

-Dy qun HA :
0 d1 = k 1 .k 2 .k 3 .0,35.q 10, 6 (6-10b)
Trong : + k 1 = 1,0 khi lm lnh t nhin bng du.
+ k 2 = 1,1 i vi dy qun trong (HA)

+ k 3 = 0,85 (Bng 55) khi h r / a = 4 / 25,2 = 0,159
0 d1 = 1,0.1,1.0,85.0,35.442,876 0, 6 = 12,666 0 C
-Dy qun CA :
0 d 2 = k .q20,6 = 0,285.684,9150,6 = 14,3290 C
3. Nhit chnh trung bnh ca dy qun i vi du :

Dy qun HA: 0 dtb = + 0 d 1 = 0,498 = 12,666 = 13,1640 C
01
Dy qun CA:
2
2
0 dtb = 02 + 0 d 2 = .6,743 + 14,329 = 18,824 0 C.
3
3
5.2 Tnh ton nhit ca thng du :

1. Chn loi thng :
Theo bng 57 ta chn kt cu thng vch phng c ng lm lnh cong.
2. Cc kch thc ti thiu bn trong thng
32
Thit k MBA in lc
- Khong cch t dy dn ra ca dy qun CA n dy qun CA :

s1 = 40 (mm) (Bng 31) vi U th 2 = 85 KV, bc cch in 4(mm)
- Khong cch t dy dn ra n vch thng du :
s 2 = 42 (mm) (Bng 31) vi U th 2 = 85 KV ,bc cch in 4 (mm)
-Khong cch t dy dn ra HA n dy qun CA :
s 3 = 90 (mm) (Bng 32)
-Khong cch t dy dn ra HA n vch thng
s 4 = 25 (mm) (Bng 31)
- ng knh dy dn ra khng bc cch in ca dy qun HA:
d 2 = 10 (mm)
- ng knh dy dn ra c bc cch in ca dy qun CA:
d1 = 25 (mm)
- Khong cch gi dy qun cao p v vch thng :
s 5 = s 3 + d 2 + s 4 = 90 + 10 + 25 = 125 (mm)
- Chiu rng ti thiu ca thng
B = D '2' + (s1 + s 2 + d1 + s 3 + s 4 + d 2 ).10 3

= 0,357 + (40 + 42 + 25 + 90 + 25 + 10).10 3 = 0,59
Ly B =0,6
- Chiu di ti thiu ca thng :
A = 2.C + D"2 + 2.s 5 .10 3

= 2.0,377 + 0,357 + 2.125.10 3 = 1,360 (m)
- Chiu cao rut my :
H1=lt+2.hg+n.10=0,562+2.0,16+40.10=0,93 (m)
Trong : + n lchiu dy tm lt di gng di : n=40 mm
+chiu cao tr: lt=0,412+2.0,075=0,562 (m)
+chiu cao gng hg=0,160 m
- Chiu cao ti thiu t gng trn n np thng : H2
Theo bng 58 ly H2= 400 mm= 0,4 m
Khi b iu chnh in p t nm ngang gia gng trn v np thng.
- Chiu cao thng : H=H1+H2=0,93+0,4=1,33(m)
3. Din tch b mt bc x v i lu ca thng du :
- Nhit chnh trung bnh cho php ca du i vi khng kh cho dy qun
nng nht CA : dk = 60 18,824 = 41,176 0 C
- Nhit chnh ca lp du trn so vi khng kh :
1,2.( dt + tk ) = 1,2. dk = 1,2.41,176 = 49,4 0 C < 50 0 C

- Nhit chnh trung bnh ca vch thng i vi khng kh :
tk=dk-dt=41,176-6=35,1760C
33
Thit k MBA in lc
Trong : ly nhit chnh ca du i vi vch thng dt=60C

- Chn s dy ng l mt dy (Bng 60)
- Bn knh cong ca cc ng ly R= 0,15(m)
- Chn loi ng trn ng knh 30/27 mm dy 1,5 mm

- Khong cch gia hai ng cnh nhau (bc ng) : t=50 mm (Bng 60)
- Ly on ng a=50 mm
- Khong cch gia hai tm ng :
b = H- (c+e).10-3=1,33 - (60+70).10-3=1,2 (m)
Trong cc khong cch c = 60 mm , e =70 m (Bng 61)
-Chiu di khai trin ca ng :
l = b + ( .R-2.R+2.a ).10-3= b +( 1,14.R+2.a ).10-3
=1,2 + (1,14.150+2.50 ).10-3 = 1,470 (m)
- s ng trong dy : m=
2(A B) + .B 2.(1,36 0,6) + .0,6

=
= 68
to
0,05
- B mt bc x ca thng :
Mbx=( 2.( A-B )+.B+.( 2.a+2.R+2.td.(n-1) +d ).10-3 ).H + 0,5.Mn
Trong b mt bc x ca np thng :
0,5.Mn=0,5.( bn(ln- bn) +.bn2/4 ) = 0,5.( (B+2.bv).(A-B)+.(B+2.bv)2/4
Trong : bn=B+2.bv l chiu rng np thng
ln=A+2.bv l chiu di np thng
bv=0,08 m l chiu rng vnh np thng .
(0,6 + 0,16) 2
0,5.M n = 0,5.((0,6 + 0,16)(1,36 0,6) +
) = 0,52m 2
4
Mbx=( 2.(1,36-0,6)+.0,6+(2.0,05+2.0,15+0,03)).1,33+0,52=4,756 (m2)
- B mt i lu ca thng :
Ml=Mfl.kht+Ml.kh
Trong : h s hnh dng (Bng 56) kht=1,4.1,15 = 1,61
34
Thit k MBA in lc
kh=1,61
+B mt i lu ca thng phng v np :
Mfl=(2.(A-B)+.B).H+0,5.Mn=( 2.(1,36-0,6)+.0,6) ).1,33+0,25 =5 (m2)
+B mt i lu ca ng :
Ml=Mm.m.l=0,0942.68.1,47=9,42 (m2)
Ml=5.1,61+9,42.1,61=23,21 (m2)
Trong Mm=0,0942 (m2) l din tch b mt mt mt ng (Bng60)
- B mt i lu ca thng theo tng tn hao :
M 'dl =
1,05. P
1,12.M bx
2,5.1tk, 25
Trong +Tng tn hao :
P = P0 + Pn = 813,934 + 3844,689 = 4659 (W)

+B mt bc x :
Mbx=(2.(A-B)+.B).H.k=(2.(1,36- 0,6)+.0,6).1,33.1,5=6,8 (m2)
Vi k=1,5 (Bng 59) l h s hnh dng thng
M 'dl =
1,05.4659
1,12.6,8 = 15,226 (m2)
1, 25
2,5.35,176
Ta thy Ml >Ml
5.3 Tnh ton cui cng nhit chnh ca dy qun v du :
1.Nhit chnh ca thng du i vi khng kh :
k (P0 + Pn )
tk =
2,8.M bx + 2,5.M dl
0 ,8
1,05(813,934 + 3844,689)
=
2,8.6,8 + 2,5.23,21
0,8
= 27,7 0 C
2. Nhit chnh ca du st vch thng so vi thng :

0, 6
k.(P0 + Pn )
d.t = k 1 .0,165.
M dl
0, 6
1,05.(813,934 + 3844,689)
= 1.0,165.
= 4,1 0C
23,21
3. Nhit chnh ca thng du so vi khng kh :

'dk = dt + tk = 4,1 + 27,7 = 31,8 0C
4. Nhit chnh ca lp du trn so vi khng kh :
dk = .( dt + tk ) = 1,2.31,8 = 38 50 0C
5. Nhit chnh ca dy qun i vi khng kh :
0 k = 0 dtb + dk ' = 18,824 + 31,8 = 50,6 < 60 0C
5.4 Trng lng rut my,du v bnh gin du:
1. Trng lng rut my :
G r = 1,2(G dq + G l ) = 1,2.(222,889 + 524,608) = 897 (Kg)
35
Thit k MBA in lc
Trong :
+Trng lng dy qun :
G dq = G Cu1 + G Cu 2 + G d / c = 86,188 + 130,191 + 6,51 = 222,889 (Kg)

+Trng lng li st : G l = G T + G G = 524,608 (Kg)
2. Trng lng du :
-Th tch du trong thng : Vd=Vt-Vr=1,461-0,163=1,298 (m)
Trong :
B2
0,6 2
+ Vt = A.B + . .H = 1,36.0,6 + .
.1,33 = 1,461 (m3)
4
4
+Th tch rut my :
Vr =
Gr
897
=
= 0,163 (m3) ; Vi r=5500 (Kg/m3)
r 5500
-Trng lng du :
G d = 1,05.[0,9.(Vt Vr ) + G do ] = 1,05.[0,9.(1,298) + 54] = 58 (Kg)
Trong :
Gd: l trng lng du trong h thng lm lnh : 68 ng ,mi ng di 1,47 m
trng lng 1 mt du trong ng l 0,45 (Kg) (Bng 60)
3.Bnh dn du :
Bnh dn du lm bng thp c chiu dy 2 mm ,c t nm ngang trn np
thng.
Th tch bnh : Vgd = 0,1.Vd = 0,1.1,298 = 0,13 (m)
-Chiu di bnh : l gd B + 2.a.10 3 = 0,6 + 2.0,05 = 0,61 (m)
Ly l gd = 0,6 (m)
-ng knh bnh dn du : d =
4.Vgd
.l gd
4.0,13
= 0,53m
.0,6
========================================
36
Thit k MBA in lc
37

Thiet Ke May Bien AP 3 Pha

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Thit k MBA in lc

Mba in lc l mt b phn rt quan trng trong h thng in . Vic

Tnh ton cc kch thc ch yu

1.1.3 Dng in dy nh mc:

1.1.4 Dng in pha nh mc:

1.1.6 Cc thnh phn in p ngn mch:

Thnh phn phn khng:

Theo bng 4 vi cc tm l tn c p chn s bc l 6

p gng ta dng x p vi bu lng xit ra ngoi gng

1.2.2 Chn tn silic v cng t cm trong tr

7/ Sut tn hao thp

(Bng 12) k=0,59

Cc kch thc ch yu ca MBA l:

chi ph ch to MBA l nh nht, mt khc vn m bo cc ch tiu k thut

l dng in v s vng cun dy CA hoc HA

Trong biu thc trn ch c thay i trong mt phm vi rng quyt nh ti s

tm c ti u, trc ht ta xc nh trng lng tc dng ca MBA

A1 = 5,663.10 4.1,4.0,176 3.0,813 = 351,401( Kg )

Trong : +Khong cch gia hai tr :

B = 2,40.10 4.1,015.0,813.0,176 3.(1,4 + 0,32 + 0,41) = 229,977( Kg )

Trng lng tc dng ca li st MBA :

b. Trng lng dy qun ng :

Trong : .K l hng s ph thuc in tr sut ca dyqun : K Cu =2,4.10-12

+kf : h s tnh n tn hao ph trong dy qun, trong vch.

o hm CT 2-59 v cho trit tiu:

vi gi thnh vt liu tc dng cc tiu t phng trnh:

Thayvo (2-60): X5+ 0,320.X4- 0,509.X- 1,924=0

Vi Q l cng sut t ho, gn ng tnh bi cng thc :

+Qc : cng sut tn hao chung ca tr v gng:

+Qf: cng sut t ho ph i vi gc

G0 = 0,486.10 4 k g .k ld . A 3 . X 3 = 0,486.10 4.1,015.0,813.0,176 3. X 3 = 21,74 X 3

+ Q : cng sut t ho nhng khe h khng kh ni gia cc l thp

Trong tnh ton s b c th coi gn ng dng in khng ti i0=i0x

ng sut ko tc dng ln tit din si dy dn :

Chn ng knh tiu chun gn nht : dm=0,22

2/ ng knh trung bnh ca rnh du gia hai dy qun :

d12 = 22 + 2.1,5 + 2.2,1 + 2,7 = 31,9cm

3/ Chiu cao dy qun :

Tit din thun st ca tr :

Phn II. Tnh ton dy qun.

S vng dy mt pha ca dy qun HA:

Trong +Ut1 l in p trn mt tr ca dy HA:

Cng t cm thc trong tr st l :

2. Mt dng in trung bnh.

S b tnh theo cng thc: tb = 0,746.kg.

3. Tit din vng dy s b:

Chn kt cu dy qun, da theo Bng 38:

- Chn s si chp song song l : mv1 = 6

- Kch thc dy dn:

6. Tit din mi vng dy:

T1 = n.v1. Td1 . 10-6 = 6 . 23,4 . 10-6 = 140,4 . 10-6 (m2)

8. Chiu cao dy qun:

l1 = b . 10 . (W1 + 4 ) + k. hr1 ( W1 + 3 ) . 10-3

Vi dy qun hnh xon mch n

10. ng knh trong ca dy qun HA:

D 1' = d + 2a01 = 0,17 + 2. 0,004 = 0,178 (m)

D 1" = D 1' + 2a1 = 0,178 + 2. 0,0252 = 0,228 (m)

M1 = 2.t .k .. (D 1' + a1 ) ( a1 + b. 10-3) .W1 (m2)

2.2 Tnh dy qun CA.

Wc = 0,025. W2m = 0,025 . 3150 = 78,75 79 (vng )

+ Cp [+5%Um]: 36750 (V) : W2 = W2m = 3150 + 2.79 = 3308(vng)

2 = 2tb - 1 = 2 . 2,689 . 106 - 2,577 . 106 = 2,808 . 106 (A/m2)

7. Chn kiu dy qun:

Theo bng 38: Vi S =250 (KVA) ; It2 = 4,124(A) ; U2 = 35(KV)