A note about Bessel functions of the rst kind

Jack DAurizio
July 11, 2013
The starting point of our study is the integral:
I
n
() =
1

_

0
cos(nx) e
cos x
dx.
By considering the Taylor series of e
y
and the Fourier series of (cos x)
m
, we have that:
I
n
() =
+

=0
(/2)
n+2
!(n + )!
.
Moreover, integrating by parts and using Briggs formulas we have:
I
n
=

2n
(I
n1
I
n+1
) ,
d
d
I
n
=
1
2
(I
n1
+ I
n+1
) .
From the second identity, we have that the ratio between I
n
and I
n1
is the continued fraction:
I
n
I
n1
=
1
2

n +
1
2

(n+1)+...
,
that obviously gives:
I
n

(/2)
n
n!
I
0
.
By dening:
J
n
=
n!
(/2)
n
I
n
,
so J
0
= I
0
, we have that J
n
is decreasing as n goes from 0 to +, and since:
J
n
=
+

=0
(/2)
2
!
2

_
n+

_ exp
_

2
4(n + 1)
_
we have that lim
n+
J
n
= 1.
J
n
= J
n1

2
4n(n + 1)
J
n+1
.
J
n

2
4
I
0
+ (I
0
1)n

2
4
+ (I
0
1)n
,
1
J
n
1

1
I
0
1
+
4n

2
.
M

=0
1
_
n+

_ =
n
n 1
_
1
1
_
M+n
M+1
_
_
1
_
n+

_ = 1
n
n + 1
1

k=0
1
_
n+1+k
k
_
1
M

=0
1
!
2
(M )!
2
=
(2M)!
M!
4
M

=0
1
!
2
(M )!
2
_
n+

_ =
n!(2M + n)!
(M + n)!
2
M!
2
M

=0
1
!
2
(M )!
2
_
n+
n
__
n+M
n
_ =
n!
2
(2M + 2n)!
(M + 2n)!(M + n)!
2
M!
+

=0
(/2)
2
!
2

_
n+

_ =
+

=0
_
(/2)
2
!
2

(/2)
2+2
( + 1)!
2
_
n
n 1
_
1
1
_
n+
+1
_
_
J
n
[1;
4n

2
, (I
0
1)]
J
n
J
n1
= [0; 1,
4

2
n(n + 1),
n + 2
n
,
4

2
n(n + 3), . . .]
J
n+1
=
n + 1
/2

d
d
J
n
Conosciamo lespressione della derivata logaritmica rispetto ad di J
n
e vogliamo provare che
J
0
J
n
=
n

k=1
(/2)
2
k(k + 1)
J
k+1

4n

2
(J
n
1)(J
0
1).
O semplicemente provare la convessit`a (rispetto ad n) della funzione
1
J
n
1
. Abbiamo anche:
J
0
J
n
=
n
n + 1
+

=1
(/2)
2
!
2
1

k=0
1
_
n+1+k
k
_ =
n
n + 1
+

k=1
1
_
n+k
k1
_
+

=k
(/2)
2
!
2
che sembra estremamente promettente. In particolare si ha:
(J
n
1)
1
_
n+1
1
_ (J
0
1) ,
(J
n
1)
1
_
n+2
2
_
_
J
0
1 +
n
2
(/2)
2
_
,
(J
n
1)
1
_
n+3
3
_ (J
0
1) +
_
1
_
n+1
1
_
1
_
n+3
3
_
_
(/2)
2
+
_
1
_
n+2
2
_
1
_
n+3
3
_
_
(/2)
4
2!
2
J
n
1
1
_
n+K
K
_ (J
0
1) +
K1

=1
_
1
_
n+

_
1
_
n+K
K
_
_
(/2)
2
!
2
Inoltre, al crescere di K le disuguaglianze ottenute sono progressivamente pi` u strette,

k1
=
n(k 1)!
(n + 1) . . . (n + k)
+

=k
(/2)
2
!
2
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