The Rainbow by

William Words Worth

William Words Worth was one of the greatest poets of the Romantic Age. He was born in Cumberland in England and was educated at Hawkshed Grammar school. His concept of poetry is that poetry is a natural overflow of powerful emotions recollected in tran uility. Among his greatest works are !" wandered lonely as a cloud and the solitary Reaper#.

The poem : My heart leaps up when behold A rainbow in the sky So was it when my life began; So is it now I am a man; So be it when I grow old; Or let me die! The child is father of the man And I could wish my days to be Bound each to each by natural piety; Vocabulary:
Leaps up Behold $ %umps $ see

a b c c a b c d d

Piety $ respect and love for God Bound $ %oined together

Paraphrase:
&he poet said that each time he saw the rainbow in the sky' his heart %umps out of happiness. When he was a child and saw the rainbow for the first time' he felt very happy. When he became a man' he felt that too. He would be happy if he saw the rainbow in the future. &his meant that his love for nature went on with his own life. &he poet said that the child was father of the man because his love for nature began in his childhood and it was the origin of his love for nature being a man. &he poet wished his days to be bound with his love for nature and his respect for God. Here the poet is considered a religious man.

The figures of speech:

()&here is a poetic diction in !behold# which means *see+. ,)&here is a personification in !-y heart leaps up when " behold#. A rainbow in the sky. &he poet compares his heart to a person %umping with %oy and happiness.

.)&here is a comparison. &he poet is comparing his happiness on seeing the rainbow to a person %umping' through the air with %oy and happiness. /)&here is a point of philosophy in !&he child is the father of the man#. "t is known that man is the father of the child but he wants to say that his love for nature began when he was a child so childhood is the origin of man hood. 0)&here is a touch of religion$ !And " could wish my days to be bound each to each by natural piety#. &he poet is religious because he wishes his days to be %oined together with his love for nature and his respect for God.

Questions
()Words worth1s love for nature continued through his life. 2ick out the lines that show this. ,)&he poet is a romantic one. How can you prove that3 .)&he poet is a religious man. Give an evidence. /)2ick out two figures of speech. 0)&he child is father of the -an. 4how the philosophy in this line. 5)2araphrase the last three lines.

If
By
Rudyard Kipling
Rudyard 6ipling was born in 7omby in "ndia. He was educated in England and worked as a %ournalist. He first wrote short stories' then he wrote novels. He wrote many books and a lot of verse. "n his poem "f a father is advising his son and teaching him how to face life which is full of good and evil' failure and success' fortune and misfortune. He tells his son that if he can do with his advice' his life will be enriched with meaning. He1ll feel that he possesses the world.

Notice:
Rudyard 6ipling uses a great deal of comparisons to clarify the picture of perfection he is drawing.

Stanza !" If you can keep your head when all about you Are losing theirs and blaming it on you If you can trust yourself when all man doubt you But make allowance for their doubting too If you can wait and not be tired of waiting Or being lied about don!t deal in lies Or being hated don!t gi"e way to hating And yet don!t look too good# nor walk too wise Vocabulary:
Trust Blame $llo%ance #eal in lies $ faith $ find fault with $ e8cuse $ be a liar Lose $ suffer loss #oubt $ lost faith &ait $ be patient

a a a a b c b c

Paraphrase:
&he poet tells his son to have good opinions and bravery when all people don1t have good thinking and are not brave. &hey also blame him for being good.

He wants his son to have confidence in himself and not care about people1s doubt in him but to forgive their doubting. He wants him to be patient if he finds out that people are telling lies about him. He wants him to be modest and not to look good and if he speaks' he should speak normally not in wise way.

'igures of speech:
6eep your head lied about trust yourself being hated 9 9 9 9 losing theirs don1t deal in lies doubt you don1t give way hating (ontrast"

Notice:
&he poet uses a great deal of comparisons to clarify the picture of perfection he is drawing.

Stanza (2) If you can dream and not make dreams your master If you can think and not make triumph your aim; If you can meet with triumph and disaster And treat those two impostors $ust the same If you can bear to hear the truth you!"e spoken Twisted by kna"es to make a trap for fools Or watch the things you ga"e your life to broken And stoop and build them up with worn tools Vocabulary:
dreams aim disaster t%isted bear stoop %orn out

d e d e f g f g

$ thoughts during sleeping master $ leader $ purpose triumph $ winning : success : victory $ losing : failure imposters$ things forced upon you $ changed )na*es $ wicked people $ tolerate : put up with $ to bend your body down so as not to be broken and destroyed with failure. $ least : in a very bad condition tools$ means

Paraphrase:

He wants his son to dream of his future but he doesn1t want him to be a slave to his ambition. He wants him to think how to work not to think for the aim of thinking. He asks his son to bear and to be patient when he sees the evil people changing his true words to make people stand against him. He wants him to work and begin with his weak wealth when he finds all his winning lost or broken.

'igures of speech:
&here is a comparison between &riumph ; disaster &ruth ; imposters

Stanza (3) If you can make one heap of all your winnings And risk it on one turn of pitch and toss# And lose# and start again at your beginnings And ne"er breathe a word about your loss If you can force your heart and ner"e and sinew To ser"e your turn long after they are gone# And so hold on when there is nothing in you %&cept the 'ill which says to them ()old on* Vocabulary:
heap %innings toss sine% ser*e your turn %ill

b g b g a f a f

$ pile ris) $ venture $ gains pitch $ throw by the hand $ a sudden throw $ strong cord %oining the muscles together $ preserve *keep+ hold on $ don1t give in *don1t yield+ $ determination

Paraphrase:
When son risks and puts all his eggs in one basket' then fails to reach his aim' he must not lose his temper but be brave enough to pull himself together *to gather his courage together+ by will and determination.

'igures of speech:

(ontrast $ !winnings# 9 !loss#

Stanza (4) If you can talk with crowds and keep your "irtue Or walk with kings + not lose the common touch# If neither foes nor lo"ing friends can hurt you# If all men count with you# but none too much; If you can fill the unforgi"ing minute 'ith si&ty seconds worth of distance run# ,ours is the %arth and e"erything that!s in it# And which is more you!ll be a Man# my son Vocabulary:
(ro%ds 'oes +nforgi*ing $ common people $ enemies $ time of hatred

a h a h i f i f

Virtue $ goodness (ount %ith you $ deal with #istance run $ hard' fruitful work

Paraphrase:
4on is advised to be fle8ible and modest. He should treat all kinds of people e ually the same' whether they were poor or were of high rank. 4on should be forgiving' he should forgive his enemies before his friends. He should deal with all kinds of people' but never to get too much involved with them. 4on shouldn1t waste a minute of his life in hatred' he must try to compensate for every minute of hard feelings towards others. "f the son follows the above pieces of advice' then' and only then' he will own the whole world and everything that is in it and he will be a -an.

'igures of speech:
<oes ; =oving friends