THE OPEN UNIVERSITY OF SRI LANKA DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL AND COMPUTER ENGINEERING ECX6239 WIRELESS COMMUNICATION 2013/2014 Assignment

nt #1 Answer all the questions. Adhere to the usual notations.

PART A Q1. Explain how the power is lost in free space communication and derive a formula for the path loss in terms of the distance between the transmitter and the receiver and the frequency used. Q2. State the formula for the Okumura-Hata model and discuss its validity in different situations. Q3. Explain the COST231 model and relate it to Hata model. Q4. What is Outage Probability? Explain how you would calculate the outage probability under path loss and shadowing. Q5. Define the following. 1. Coherence time 2. Coherence bandwidth 3. Frequency flat fading 4. Average fade duration 5. Doppler spread Q6. What is diversity? Why is it important in wireless communication? Q7. What are the available diversity schemes? Compare them. Q8. Stating the necessary formulas, critically evaluate the techniques and the performance of three diversity combining schemes. Q9. What is MIMO? Explain. Using the relevant formulas formulate the parallel decomposition in MIMO. Q10. Derive the formulas for the capacity of MIMO systems.

PART B

Q1. A certain cellular system where the received signal power is distributed according to a log-normal distribution with mean dBm and standard deviation dBm. Assume that the received signal power must be above 10 dBm for acceptable performance. (a) What is the outage probability when = 15 dBm and = 8 dBm? (b) For = 4 dBm, find the value of required for the outage probability to be less than 1%. (c) In CDMA systems, outage probability is reduced by combining the mobiles signals that are received by multiple base-stations. This is known as macrodiversity. Clearly explain how this reduces the outage probability. Q2. Consider a two-ray channel with an impulse response = + 0.022. Find the distance separating the transmitter and the receiver and also and . Assume a free space path loss in each path with a reflection coefficient of 1 , transmitter and receiver are located 8 above ground and the carrier frequency to be 900 . Q3. Let a scattering function , be non-zero over 0 0.1 ms and 0.1 0.1 Hz. Assume the power of the scattering function is approximately uniform. (a) What are the multipath spread and the Doppler spread of the channel? (b) Suppose you input this channel two identical sinusoids separated in time by . What is the minimum value of for which the channel response to the first sinusoid is approximately independent of the channel response to the second sinusoid? (c) For the two sinusoidal inputs to the channel = sin 2 and = sin 2 + , find the minimum value of for which the channel response to is approximately independent of the channel response to . (d) Will the channel exhibit flat fading or frequency selective fading for a typical voice channel with a 3 bandwidth and a cellular channel with 30 bandwidth? Q4. Consider an AWGN channel with -branch diversity combining and = 10 dB per branch. Assume MAQM modulation with = 4 and use the approximation = 0.2 ./ for bit error probability, where is the received SNR. (a) Find for = 1. (b) Find such that under maximal ratio combining, < 10 . Q5. Consider a MIMO channel with gain matrix = 0.3 0.5 . Assuming that the gain is known 0.7 0.2 both at the transmitter and the receiver. There is a total transmit power of = 10 across the two transmitter antennas, AWGN with = 10 / at each receiver antenna and the bandwidth 100 . (a) Find the singular value decomposition for . (b) Find the capacity of this MIMO channel.