Huge List of Rulers I

Sumer
Antediluvian Rulers
Excavations in Iraq have revealed evidence of localized flooding at Shuruppak (modern Tell Fara, Iraq) and various other Sumerian cities. A layer of riverine sediments, radiocarbon dated to ca. 2900 BC, interrupts the continuity of settlement, extending as far north as the city of Kish. Polychrome pottery from the Jemdet Nasr period (3000-2900 BC) was discovered immediately below the Shuruppak flood stratum. None of the following predynastic "antediluvian" rulers has been verified as historical via archaeological excavations, epigraphical inscriptions, or otherwise. It is possible that they correspond to the Early Bronze Age Jemdet Nasr period culture which ended approximately 2900 BC, immediately preceding the dynasts, if they were not purely mythological inventions. The following reigns were measured in Sumerian numerical units known as sars (units of 3600), ners (units of 600), and sosses (units of 60). Ruler Length of reign Alulim 8 sars (28,800 years) Alalngar 10 sars (36,000 years) En-men-lu-ana 12 sars (43,200 years) En-men-gal-ana 8 sars (28,800 years) Dumuzid, the 10 sars (36,000 years) Shepherd En-sipad-zid-ana 8 sars (28,800 years) En-men-dur-ana 5 sars and 5 ners (21,000 years) Ubara-Tutu 5 sars and 1 ner (18,600 years) Ilku Iltasadum En-me-barage-si Aga of Kish 900 years 1200 years 900 years 625 years

First Dynasty of Uruk

Ruler Mesh-ki-ang-gasherof E-ana Enmerkar Lugalbanda Dumuzid (Dumuzi) Gilgamesh Ur-Nungal Udul-kalama La-ba'shum En-nun-tarah-ana Mesh-he Melem-ana Lugal-kitun Length of reign 324 years 420 years 1200 years 100 years 126 years 30 years 15 years 9 years 8 years 36 years 6 years 36 years

First dynasty of Ur
Ruler Mesh-Ane-pada Mesh-ki-ang-Nanna Elulu Balulu Length of reign 80 years 36 years 25 years 36 years

Dynasty of Awan
Ruler Three kings of Awan Length of reign 356 years

First Dynasty of Kish

Ruler Jushur Kullassina-bel Nangishlishma En-tarah-ana Babum Puannum Kalibum Kalumum Zuqaqip Atab (or A-ba) Mashda Arwium Etana Balih En-me-nuna Melem-Kish Barsal-nuna Zamug Tizqar Length of reign 1200 years 960 years 670 years 420 years 300 years 840 years 960 years 840 years 900 years 600 years 840 years 720 years 1500 years 400 years 660 years 900 years 1200 years 140 years 305 years

Second Dynasty of Kish

Ruler Susuda Dadasig Mamagal Kalbum Tuge Men-nuna (Enbi-Ishtar) Lugalngu Length of reign 201 years 81 years 360 years 195 years 360 years 180 years 290 years 360 years

Dynasty of Hamazi
Ruler Hadanish Length of reign 360 years

Second Dynasty of Uruk

Ruler En-shag-kush-ana Lugal-kinishe-dudu or LugalLength of reign 60 years 120 years

ure Argandea

7 years

Second Dynasty of Ur
Ruler Nanni Mesh-ki-ang-Nanna II (?) Length of reign 120 years 48 years 2 years

Dynasty of Adab
Ruler Lugal-Ane-mundu Length of reign 90 years

Rimush of Akkad Man-ishtishu Naram-Sin of Akkad Shar-kali-sharri Irgigi Imi Nanum Ilulu Dudu of Akkad Shu-Durul

9 years 15 years 56 years 25 years

21 years 15 years

Fourth Dynasty of Uruk

Ruler Ur-ningin Ur-gigir Kuda Puzur-ili Ur-Utu (or Lugal-melem) Length of reign 7 years 6 years 6 years 5 years 25 years

Dynasty of Mari
Ruler Anbu Anba Bazi Zizi of Mari Limer Sharrum-iter Length of reign 30 years 17 years 30 years 20 years 30 years 9 years

Gutian rule
Ruler Inkishush Zarlagab Shulme (or Yarlagash) Silulumesh (or Silulu) Inimabakesh (or Duga) Igeshaush (or Ilu-An) Yarlagab Ibate of Gutium Yarla (or Yarlangab) Kurum Apilkin La-erabum Irarum Ibranum Hablum Puzur-Suen Yarlaganda (?) Tirigan Length of reign 6 years 6 years 6 years 6 years 5 years 6 years 3 years 3 years 3 years 1 year 3 years 2 years 2 years 1 year 2 years 7 years 7 years 7 years 40 days

Third Dynasty of Kish

Ruler Kug-Bau(Kubaba) Length of reign 100 years

Dynasty of Akshak
Ruler Unzi Undalulu Urur Puzur-Nirah Ishu-Il Shu-Suen of Akshak Length of reign 30 years 6 years 6 years 20 years 24 years 7 years

Fourth Dynasty of Kish

Ruler Puzur-Suen Ur-Zababa Zimudar Usi-watar Eshtar-muti Ishme-Shamash (Shu-ilishu)* Nanniya Length of reign 25 years 400 (6?) years 30 years 7 years 11 years 11 years (15 years)* 7 years

Fifth Dynasty of Uruk

Ruler Utuhengal Length of reign conflicting dates (427 years / 26 years / 7 years)

Third Dynasty of Ur Third Dynasty of Uruk

Ruler Lugal-zage-si Length of reign 25 years Ruler Ur-Namma (Ur-Nammu) Shulgi Amar-Suena Shu-Suen Ibbi-Suen Length of reign 18 years 46 years 9 years 9 years 24 years

Dynasty of Akkad
Ruler Sargon of Akkad Length of reign 40 years

Dynasty of Isin

Ruler Ishbi-Erra Shu-Ilishu Iddin-Dagan Ishme-Dagan Lipit-Eshtar Ur-Ninurta Bur-Suen Lipit-Enlil Erra-imitti Enlil-bani Zambiya Iter-pisha Ur-du-kuga Suen-magir (Damiq-ilishu)*

Length of reign 33 years 20 years 20 years 20 years 11 years 28 years 21 years 5 years 8 years 24 years 3 years 4 years 4 years 11 years (23 years)*

Second Dynasty
Name [9] Hotepsekhemwy [10] Raneb [11] Nynetjer [12] Weneg [13] Senedj [14] Seth-Peribsen Sekhemib-Perenmaat [15][16] Khasekhem(wy) Dates 38 years 39 years 40 years 8 years 20 years 17 years 17 to 18 years

Old Kingdom
Third Dynasty
Name [17][18] Djoser
[21]

Pharoahs of Egypt
Early Dynastic: Lower Egypt
Lower Egypt, known as the Black land, consisted of the northern Nile and the Nile Delta. The following list may not be complete: Name Dates [4] Hsekiu ? [4] Khayu ? [4] Tiu ? [4] Thesh ? [4] Neheb ? [4] Wazner c. 3100 BC? [4] Mekh ? Double Falcon c. 3200 BC ?

Sekhemkhet Sanakhte Khaba Qahedjet [22] Huni

Dates 26682649; Radiocarbon date start reign between 2691 and [20] 2625 26492643 c. 2650 26432637 ? 26372613

Fourth Dynasty
Nomen (Praenomen) Sneferu Khufu Djedefra (Radjedef) Khafra Menkaura Shepseskaf Djedefptah Dates 26132589 (24 years) 25892566 25662558 25582532 25322503 25032498

Early Dynastic: Upper Egypt

Upper Egypt, known as the Red Land , consisted of the southern Nile and the deserts. The following list may not be complete (there are many more of uncertain existence): Name Dates Scorpion I c. 3200 BC? Iry-Hor c. 3150 BC? [5][6] Ka c. 3100 BC King Scorpion c. 3150 BC Narmer c. 3150 BC

[citation needed]

Fifth Dynasty
Name Userkaf Sahure Neferirkare Kakai Shepseskare Isi Neferefre Nyuserre Ini Menkauhor Kaiu Djedkare Isesi Unas Dates 24982491 24902477 24772467 24672460 24602425 24252422 24222414 24142375 23752345

First Dynasty
Name Narmer Hor-Aha Djer Djet Merneith Den Anedjib Semerkhet Qa'a Dates c. 3150 BC c. 3050 BC 41 years 23 years [8] 42 years 10 years 9 years 2916?2890 BC

Sixth Dynasty
Name Teti Userkare Meryre Pepi I Merenre Nemtyemsaf I Neferkare Pepi II Neferka Dates 23452333 23332332 23322283 22832278 22782184 22002199

Nefer Aba Unknown king [23] Merenre Nemtyemsaf II Neitiqerty Siptah

21972193 21932176 2184 21842181

Middle Kingdom
Eleventh Dynasty continued
Name [26] Nebhetepre Mentuhotep II [27] Sankhkare Mentuhotep III [28] Nebtawyre Mentuhotep IV Dates 20461995 20101998 19971991

First Intermediate Period

Seventh Dynasty
Name Neferkara I Netjerkare Menkare Neferkare II Neferkare III Nebi Djedkara Shemai Neferkare IV Khendu Dates

Twelfth Dynasty
Name [29][30] Sehetepibre Amenemhat I [31] Kheperkare Senusret I (Sesostris I) [32] Nubkaure Amenemhat II [33] Khakheperre Senusret II (Sesostris II) [34] Khakaure Senusret III (Sesostris III) [35] Nimaatre Amenemhat III [36] Maakherure Amenemhat IV [37] Sobekkare Sobekneferu Dates 19911962 19711926 19291895 18971878 18781860 18601815 18151807 18071802

Eighth Dynasty
Neferkamin Seneferka Nikara Neferkare V Tereru Neferkahor Neferkare VI Pepyseneb Neferkamin Anu Qakare Ibi Neferkara II Neferkawhor Khuwihap Neferirkara

Second Intermediate Period

Thirteenth Dynasty
2169-2167 2167-2163 2163-2161 2161-2160 Name Dates Sekhemre Khutawy Sobekhotep 18021799 4 orWegaf years. Sekhemkare Amenemhat 17951792 Sehetepre ? 1790 Iufni ? Seankhibre ? Semenkare ? Sehetepre ? Sewadjkare ? Nedjemibre ? Khaankhre Sobekhotep I ? Renseneb c. 1775 Awybre Hor I? c. 1775? Sedjefakare c. 5 to 7 years. Sekhemre Khutawy Sobekhotep c. 1767 Khendjer c. 1765 Imyremeshaw ? Antef V ? Sekhemresewadjtawy Sobekhotep III c. 1755 Khasekhemre Neferhotep I 17511740 Khaneferre Sobekhotep IV 17401730 Khahotepre Sobekhotep V c. 1730 Wahibre Ibiau c. 17251714 Merneferre Ay c. 17141691 Merhotepre Ini ? Sankhenre Sewadjtu ? Mersekhemre Ini ? Sewadjkare Hori ? The position of the following kings is uncertain: Name Dates Dedumose I c. 1654

Ninth Dynasty
Name Neferkare III Khety (Acthoes II) Senenh or Setut Mer[ibre Khety] Shed H Dates 2160 ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

Tenth Dynasty
Name Meryhathor Neferkare IV Wankare (Acthoes III) Merykare Dates 2130 ? ? ? ? 2040

Eleventh Dynasty
Name Mentuhotep I Tepy-a Sehertawy Intef I Wahankh Intef II Nakhtnebtepnefer Intef III Dates 21342117 21172069 20692060

Dedumose II Senebmiu Mentuhotep V Senaaib

? ? ? ?

Senakhtenre Ahmose Seqenenre Tao Kamose

c. 1558 c. 1558 - c. 1554 c. 1554 - c. 1549

Fourteenth Dynasty
Name Dates Nehesy c. 1705 Khakherewre ? ? Nebefawre c. 1704 Sehebre ? ? Merdjefare c. 1699 Sewadjkare ? ? Nebdjefare c. 1694 Webenre ? ? ? Djefare? ? Webenre c. 1690 The position of the following pharaohs are uncertain: Name Dates [38] Sheshi [38] Yakubher ?

New Kingdom
Eighteenth Dynasty
Name Nebpehtire Ahmose I, Ahmosis I Dates c.1550-1525 BCE; Radiocarbon date range for the start of his reign is 1570-1544 BCE, the mean point of which is [39] 1557 BCE 1541-1520 1520-1492 1492-1479 1479-1425 1473-1458 1425-1400 1400-1390 1390-1352 1352-1334 1334-1333 1333-1324 1324-1320 1320-1292

Fifteenth Dynasty
Name Salitis Sakir-Har Khyan Apepi Khamudi Dates ? 30-40 years 40 years or more 1555-1544

Djeserkare Amenhotep I Aakheperkare Thutmose I Aakheperenre Thutmose II Menkheperre Thutmose III Maatkare Hatshepsut Aakheperrure Amenhotep II Menkheperure Thutmose IV Nebmaatre Amenhotep III The Magnificent King Neferkheperure-waenre Amenhotep IV/Akhenaten Ankhkheperure Smenkhkare Nebkheperure Tutankhaten/Tutankhamun Kheperkheperure Ay Djeserkheperure-setpenre Horemheb

Sixteenth Dynasty
Name Name lost, cannot be recovered Djehuti (Sekhemresementawy) Sobekhotep VIII(Sekhemreseusertawy) Neferhotep III(Sekhemresankhtawy) Mentuhotep VI (Sankhenre) Nebiryraw I (Sewadjenre) Nebiriau II Semenre Bebiankh (Seuserenre) (Sekhemre Shedwast) Name lost, cannot be recovered Dates 3 years 16 years 1 year 1 year 26 years

Nineteenth Dynasty
Name [41] Menpehtire Ramesses I Menmaatre Seti I Usermaatre-setpenre Ramesses II the Great [42] Banenre Merenptah Menmire-setpenre Amenmesse [43] Userkheperure Seti II [44] Sekhaenre/Akhenre Merenptah Siptah Satre-merenamun Tausret Dates 1292-1290 1290-1279 1279-1213 1213-1203 1203-1200 1203-1197 1197-1191 1191-1190

12 years -

Twentieth Dynasty
Name Userkhaure Setnakht Usermaatre-meryamun Ramesses III User/Heqamaatre-setpenamun Ramesses IV Usermaatre-sekheperenre Ramesses V Nebmaatre-meryamun Ramesses VI Usermaatre-setpenre-meryamun Ramesses VII Usermaatre-akhenamun Ramesses VIII Neferkare-setpenre Ramesses IX [46] Khepermaatre-setpenptah Ramesses X [47] Menmaatre-setpenptah Ramesses XI Dates 1190-1186 1186-1155 1155-1149 1149-1145 1145-1137 1137-1130 1130-1129 1129-1111 1111-1107 1107-1077

Seventeenth Dynasty
Name Sekhemrewahkhaw Rahotep Sekhemre Wadjkhaw Sobekemsaf I Sekhemre Shedtawy Sobekemsaf Sekhemre-Wepmaat Intef Nubkheperre Intef Sekhemre-Heruhirmaat Intef Dates c. 1620 BC -

Third Intermediate Period

Twenty-First Dynasty
Name [49] Hedjkheperre-setpenre Nesbanebdjed Neferkare Heqawaset Amenemnisu Aakheperre Pasebakhenniut I (Psusennes I) Usermaatre Amenemope Aakheperre Setepenre Osorkon (Osorkon the Elder) Netjerikheperre-setpenamun Siamun-meryamun Titkheperure Pasebakhenniut II (Psusennes II) Dates 10771051 10511047 10471001 1001-992 992-986 986-967 967-943

Late period
Twenty-fifth Dynasty
Name Usermaatre Piye Neferkare Shabaka Djedkaure Shebitku Khuinefertemre Taharqa Bakare Tantamani Dates 752-721 according to Dan'el Kahn 721-707/706 according to Rolf [50] Krauss/David Warburton [51] 707/706 according to Dan'el Kahn 690-664 664-653

Twenty-sixth Dynasty
Name Menkheperre Nekau I (Necho I) Wahibre Psamtik I (Psammetichus I) Wehemibre Necho II (Necho II) Neferibre Psamtik II (Psammetichus II) Haaibre Wahibre (Apries) Khnemibre Ahmose II (Amasis) Ankhkaenre Psamtik III (Psammetichus III) Dates 672 664 BC 664 610 BC 610 595 BC 595 589 BC 589 570 BC 570 526 BC 526 525 BC

Twenty-Second Dynasty
Name Hedjkheperre-setepenre Shoshenq I Sekhemkheperre Osorkon I Heqakheperre Shoshenq II Takelot I Hedjkheperre Harsiese Usermaatre-setepenamun Osorkon II Usermaatre-setepenre Shoshenq III Shoshenq IV Usermaatre-setepenre Pami Aakheperre Shoshenq V Aakheperre-setepenamun Osorkon IV Dates 943-922 922-887 887-885 885-872 880-860 872-837 837-798 798-785 785-778 778-740 740-720

Twenty-eighth Dynasty
Name Amyrtaeus Dates 404 398 BC

Twenty-ninth Dynasty
Name Baenre Nefaarud I Psammuthes Khenemmaatre Hakor (Achoris) Nefaarud II Dates 398 393 BC 393 BC 393 380 BC 380 BC

Twenty-Third Dynasty
Name Hedjkheperre-setpenre Takelot II Usermaatre-setepenamun Pedubast Usermaatre-setepenamun Iuput I Usermaatre Shoshenq VI Usermaatre-setepenamun Osorkon III Usermaatre-setpenamun Takelot III Usermaatre-setpenamun Rudamun Dates 837-813 826-801 812-811 801-795 795-767 773-765 765-762

Thirtieth Dynasty
Name Kheperkare Nekhtnebef (Nectanebo I) Irimaatenre Djedher (Teos) Senedjemibre Nakhthorhebyt (Nectanebo II) Dates 380 362 BC 362 360 BC 360 343 BC

The Libu
Name Inamunnifnebu ? Niumateped Titaru Ker Rudamon Ankhor Tefnakht Dates 805-795 795-780 780-755 763-755 755-750 750-745 745-736 736-732

Babylon
Kings of Larsa
Ruler Naplanum Emisum Samium Zabaia Gungunum Abisare Sumuel Nur-Adad Sin-Iddinam Sin-Eribam Sin-Iqisham Reigned ca. 19611940 BC ca. 19401912 BC ca. 19121877 BC ca. 18771868 BC ca. 18681841 BC ca. 18411830 BC ca. 18301801 BC ca. 18011785 BC ca. 17851778 BC ca. 17781776 BC ca. 17761771 BC

Twenty-Fourth Dynasty
Name Shepsesre Tefnakhte Wahkare Bakenrenef (Bocchoris) Dates 732-725 725-720

Silli-Adad Warad-Sin Rim-Sin I Hammurabi of Babylon Samsu-iluna of Babylon Rim-Sin II

ca. 17711770 BC ca. 17701758 BC ca. 17581699 BC ca. 16991686 BC ca. 16861678 BC ca. 16781674 BC

Babylonian Empire
First Dynasty of Babylon, (Amorite Dynasty)
Ruler Sumu-abum orSu-abu Sumu-la-El Sabium or Sabum Apil-Sin Sin-muballit Hammurabi Samsu-iluna Abi-eshuh orAbieshu Ammi-ditana Ammi-saduqa orAmmisaduqa Samsu-Ditana Reigned ca. 18301817 BC ca. 18171781 BC ca. 17811767 BC ca. 17671749 BC ca. 17481729 BC ca. 17281686 BC ca. 16861648 BC ca. 16481620 BC ca. 16201583 BC ca. 15821562 BC ca. 15621531 BC

Sealand Dynasty (Dynasty II of Babylon)

Ruler Ilum-ma-ili Itti-ili-nibi Damqi-ilishu Ishkibal Shushushi Gulkishar m DI+U-EN Peshgaldaramesh Ayadaragalama Akurduana Melamkurkurra Ea-gamil Reigned fl. ca. 1732 BC

Burnaburiash I Kashtiliash III Ulamburiash Agum III Karaindash Kadashman-harbe I Kurigalzu I Kadashman-Enlil I Burnaburiash II Kara-hardash Nazi-Bugash orShuzigash Kurigalzu II Nazi-Maruttash Kadashman-Turgu Kadashman-Enlil II Kudur-Enlil Shagarakti-Shuriash Kashtiliashu IV Enlil-nadin-shumi Kadashman-Harbe II Adad-shuma-iddina Adad-shuma-usur Meli-Shipak II Marduk-apla-iddina I Zababa-shuma-iddin Enlil-nadin-ahi

ca. 13741360 BC ca. 13591333 BC ca. 1333 BC ca. 1333 BC ca. 13321308 BC ca. 13071282 BC ca. 12811264 BC ca. 12631255 BC ca. 12541246 BC ca. 12451233 BC ca. 12321225 BC ca. 1224 BC ca. 1223 BC ca. 12221217 BC ca. 12161187 BC ca. 11861172 BC ca. 11711159 BC ca. 1158 BC ca. 11571155 BC

Iron Age
Dynasty IV of Babylon, from Isin
Ruler Marduk-kabit-ahheshu Itti-Marduk-balatu Ninurta-nadin-shumi Nabu-kudurri-usur(Nebuchadnezzar I) Enlil-nadin-apli Marduk-nadin-ahhe Marduk-shapik-zeri Adad-apla-iddina Marduk-ahhe-eriba Marduk-zer-X Nabu-shum-libur Reigned ca. 11551140 BC ca. 11401132 BC ca. 11321126 BC ca. 11261103 BC ca. 11031100 BC ca. 11001082 BC ca. 10821069 BC ca. 10691046 BC ca. 1046 BC ca. 10461033 BC ca. 10331025 BC

fl. ca. 1460 BC

Early Kassite Monarchs

Ruler Ganda Agum I Katiliau I Abi-Ratta Katiliau II Ur-ziguruma urbazum iptaulzi Reigned fl. ca. 1730 BC

Dynasty V of Babylon
Ruler Simbar-shipak Ea-mukin-zeri Kashshu-nadin-ahi Reigned ca. 10251008 BC ca. 1008 BC ca. 10081004 BC

Dynasty VI of Babylon
Ruler Eulmash-shakin-shumi Ninurta-kudurri-usur I Shirikti-shuqamuna Reigned ca. 1004 987 BC ca. 987 985 BC ca. 985 BC

Late Bronze Age

Kassite Dynasty (Third Dynasty of Babylon)
Ruler Agum II orAgum-Kakrime Reigned ca. 1507 BC

Dynasty VII of Babylon

Ruler Mar-biti-apla-usur Reigned ca. 985 979 BC

Dynasty VIII of Babylon

Ruler Nabu-mukin-apli Reigned ca. 979 943 BC

Amel-Marduk Nergal-shar-usur(Nergal-sharezer/Neriglissar) Labashi-Marduk Nabu-na'id(Nabonidus) Cyrus II of Persia

562 560 BC 560 556 BC 556 BC 556 539 BC 539 529 BC

Assyria
Early period
No regnal lengths are given for kings before Erishum I.

Dynasty IX of Babylon
Ruler Ninurta-kudurri-usur II Mar-biti-ahhe-iddina Shamash-mudammiq Nabu-shuma-ukin I Nabu-apla-iddina Marduk-zakir-shumi I Marduk-balassu-iqbi Baba-aha-iddina 5 kings Ninurta-apla-X Marduk-bel-zeri Marduk-apla-usur Eriba-Marduk Nabu-shuma-ishkun Nabu-nasir (Nabonassar) Nabu-nadin-zeri Nabu-suma-ukin II Reigned ca. 943 BC ca. 943 920 BC ca. 920 900 BC ca. 900 888 BC ca. 888 855 BC ca. 855 819 BC ca. 819 813 BC ca. 813 811 BC ca. 811 800 BC ca. 800 790 BC ca. 790 780 BC ca. 780 769 BC ca. 769 761 BC ca. 761 748 BC 748 734 BC 734 732 BC 732 BC

"Kings who lived in tents"

Tudiya Adamu Yangi Suhlamu Harharu Mandaru Imshu Harshu Didanu Hanu Zuabu Nuabu Abazu Belu Azarah Ushpia Apiashal, "son of Ushpia" "altogether 17 kings, tent [6][7] dwellers."

Kings whose fathers are known"

These list the ancestors of Shamshi-Adad I. Apiashal, "son of Ushpia" Yakmesi, "son of Ilu-Mer" Hale, "son of Apiashal" Yakmeni, "son of Yakmesi" Samani, "son of Hale" Yazkur-el, "son of Yakmeni" Hayani, "son of Samani" Ila-kabkabu, "son of Yazkur-el" Ilu-Mer, "son of Hayani" Aminu, "son of Ila-kabkabu" "altogether 10 kings whose [6][8] fathers are (known)."
[4]

Dynasty X of Babylon (Assyrian)

Ruler Nabu-mukin-zeri Tiglath-Pileser III Shalmaneser V Marduk-apla-iddina II Sharrukin II(Sargon II) Sin-ahhe-eriba(Sennacherib) Marduk-zakir-shumi II Marduk-apla-iddina II Bel-ibni Ashur-nadin-shumi Nergal-ushezib Mushezib-Marduk Sin-ahhe-eriba(Sennacherib) Ashur-ahha-iddina(Esarhaddon) Shamash-shum-ukin Kandalanu Sin-shumu-lishir Sinsharishkun Reigned 732 729 BC 729 727 BC 727 722 BC 722 710 BC 710 705 BC 705 703 BC 703 BC 703 BC 703 700 BC 700 694 BC 694 693 BC 693 689 BC 689 681 BC 681 669 BC 668 648 BC 648 627 BC 626 BC ca. 626 620 BC

Kings whose eponyms are not known"

King name Sulili Kikkiya Akiya Puzur-Ashur I Shalim-ahum Ilu-shuma Reigned unknown 21st c BC unknown 21st c BC unknown 21st or early 20th C BC fl. ca. 1975 BC died 1946 BC fl. ca. 1945 - 1906 BC

Old Assyrian period

King name Erishum I Ikunum Sargon I Puzur-Ashur II Naram-Suen(Naram-Sin) Erishum II Shamshi-Adad I Reigned fl. ca. 1905-1867 BC (30 or 40 years) 1867 - 1860 BC (damaged text) ca. 1859 BC - ?(damaged text) (damaged text) (damaged text) 1819 - 1814 BC (damaged text) fl. ca. 1813 - 1791 BC
[12][13]

Dynasty XI of Babylon (Neo-Babylonian or Chaldean Dynasty)

Ruler Nabu-apla-usur(Nabopolassar) Nabu-kudurri-usur(Nebuchadnezzar II) Reigned 626 605 BC 605 562 BC

Ishme-Dagan I Mut-Ashkur Rimush Asinum Seven usurpers ruling during and after the ousting of the Babylonians and Amorites from Assyria: Ashur-dugul Ashur-apla-idi Nasir-Sin Sin-namir Ipqi-Ishtar Adad-salulu Adasi Bel-bani Libaya Sharma-Adad I Iptar-Sin Bazaya Lullaya Shu-Ninua Sharma-Adad II Erishum III Shamshi-Adad II Ishme-Dagan II Shamshi-Adad III Ashur-nirari I Puzur-Ashur III Enlil-nasir I Nur-ili Ashur-shaduni Ashur-rabi I Ashur-nadin-ahhe I Enlil-nasir II Ashur-nirari II Ashur-bel-nisheshu Ashur-rim-nisheshu Ashur-nadin-ahhe II

1790 - 1751 BC 1750 BC - (unknown) (unknown) (unknown)

circa 1725 - 1701 BC 1700 - 1691 BC (10 years) 1690-1674 BC (17 years) 1673-1662 BC (12 years) 1661-1650 BC (12 years) 1649-1622 BC (28 years) (1621-1618 BC (6 years) 1615-1602 BC (14 years) 1601-1599 BC (3 years) 1598-1586 BC (13 years) 1585-1580 BC(6 years) 1579 - 1562 BC (16 years) 1562 - 1548 BC (16 years) 1547 - 1522 BC (26 years) 1521-1498 BC 1497 - 1484 BC (13 years) circa 1483 - 1471 BC (12 years) circa 1471 BC (1 month) circa 1470 - 1451 BC (uncertain, damaged text) circa 1450 - 1431 (uncertain, damaged text) ca. 14301425 BC ca. 14241418 BC ca. 14171409 BC ca. 14081401 BC ca. 14001391 BC

Ninurta-tukulti-Ashur Mutakkil-nusku Ashur-resh-ishi I Tiglath-Pileser I Asharid-apal-Ekur Ashur-bel-kala Eriba-Adad II Shamshi-Adad IV Ashur-nasir-pal I Shalmaneser II Ashur-nirari IV Ashur-rabi II Ashur-resh-ishi II Tiglath-Pileser II Ashur-Dan II

ca. 1133 BC ca. 1133 BC ca. 11331115 BC ca. 11151076 BC ca. 10761074 BC ca. 10741056 BC ca. 10561054 BC ca. 10541050 BC ca. 10501031 BC ca. 10311019 BC ca. 10191013 BC ca. 1013972 BC ca. 972967 BC ca. 967935 BC ca. 935912 BC

Neo-Assyrian period
King name Adad-nirari II Tukulti-Ninurta II Ashur-nasir-pal II Shalmaneser III Shamshi-Adad V Semiramis (Shammu-ramat), regent, 811808 BC Adad-nirari III Shalmaneser IV Ashur-Dan III Ashur-nirari V Tiglath-Pileser III Shalmaneser V Sargon II Sennacherib Esarhaddon The dates of the last kings are not certain. Ashurbanipal Ashur-etil-ilani Sin-shumu-lishir Sin-shar-ishkun Ashur-uballit II Reigned 912891 BC 891884 BC 884859 BC 859824 BC 824811 BC
[19][20][21]

811783 BC 783773 BC 773755 BC 755745 BC 745727 BC 727722 BC 722705 BC 705681 BC 681669 BC

Middle Assyrian period

King name Eriba-Adad I Ashur-uballit I Enlil-nirari Arik-den-ili Adad-nirari I Shalmaneser I Tukulti-Ninurta I Ashur-nadin-apli Ashur-nirari III Enlil-kudurri-usur Ninurta-apal-Ekur Ashur-Dan I Reigned ca. 13901364 BC ca. 13631328 BC ca. 13271318 BC ca. 13171306 BC ca. 13051274 BC ca. 12731244 BC ca. 12431207 BC ca. 12061203 BC ca. 12021197 BC ca. 11961192 BC ca. 11911180 BC ca. 11791133 BC
[16][17][18]

669between 631 and 627 BC ca. 631627 BC 626 BC ca. 627612 BC 612 BCca. 608 to 605 BC

List of rulers of Pre-Achaemenid kingdoms of Iran

Western Kingdoms, c. 2550- c. 700 BC
Marhasi kingdom,[2][3] c.2550c.1900 BC
Migirenlil (c.2550 BC) Unnamed King (c.2325 BC) Abalgamash (c.2316-2312 BC) Hubshumkibi (c. 2270 BC cont. with Naram-Sin king of Akkad) Unnamed King (c.2080 BC) Hashibatal (c. 2070 BC cont. with Shulgi king of Ur)

Arvilukpi (c. 2050 BC cont. with Amar-Sin king of Ur) Pariashum (c. 2045 BC cont. with Amar-Sin king of Ur) Libanugshabash (2044-c.2033 BC) Mashhundahli (c. 2020 BC cont. with Ibbi-Sin king of Ur)

Unknown king (c. 2024 BC) (His wife was Tukin-khaamigrisha daughter of Ibbi-Sin king of Ur) Throne Name Unnamed king of Kuti Erridupizir Imta or Nibia Inkishush Zarlagab Shulme Elulmesh or Silulumesh Duga Iluan Inimabakesh Inkishush Yarlagab Ibate Yarlagab or Yarla Kurum Apilkin La-erabum Irarum Ibranum Hablum Puzur-Suen Yarlaganda Si'um or Si'u Tirigan Began c.2550 BC c.2256 BC c.2250 BC c.2245 BC c.2239 BC c.2233 BC c.2227 BC c.2221 BC c.2215 BC c.2212 BC c.2207 BC c.2201 BC c.2186 BC c.2183 BC c.2180 BC c.2179 BC c.2176 BC c.2174 BC c.2172 BC c.2171 BC c.2169 BC c.2162 BC c.2155 BC c.2120 BC Ended ? c.2251 BC c.2246 BC c.2240 BC c.2234 BC c.2228 BC c.2222 BC c.2216 BC c.2213 BC c.2208 BC c.2202 BC c.2187 BC c.2184 BC c.2181 BC c.2180 BC c.2177 BC c.2175 BC c.2173 BC c.2172 BC c.2170 BC c.2163 BC c.2156 BC c.2121 BC c.2120 BC

Namar kingdom,[2] c.24th cent.- c.750 BC

Tishari (c. 2350 BC) Inbir (c. 2290 BC) Sadarmat (c. 2270 BC) Arisen (c. 2260 BC) Unknown Queen (c. 1764 BC) Karziyabku (c. 1200 BC) Ritti-Marduk (c. 1110 BC) Marduk-Mudammiq (until 842/4 BC) Ianzu (842/4-834/5 BC)

Kuti kingdom, c.2550c.2100 BC

Zakhara kingdom,[2][3] c.2350c.2250 BC

The unnamed prince of Zakhara (c.2315 BCE) Ungapi (c.2315 BCE). Regent of Zakhara The unnamed king of Zakhara (after 2254 BCE)

Ganhar kingdom,[2] c.21th cent. BC

Kisari (c. 2071-c. 2050 BC) Warad-Nannar (c. 2035 BC)

Eshnuna kingdom, c.21th cent.- c.8th cent. BC

Urguedinna (c.2000 BC) Governor under Shulgi of the Ur III Kallamu (cont. of Shulgi of the Ur III) Ituria (cont. of Shu-Sin of the Ur III) Ilushuilia (cont. of Ibbi-Sin of the Ur III) Nurakhum (cont. of Ibbi-Sin of the Ur III & Ishbi-Erra of Isin) Kirikiri Bilalama (Cont. of Tan-Ruhuratir I of Elam) Isharramashu Usurawasu Ur-Ninmar Ur-Ningizzida Ipiq-Adad I (Cont. of Abdi-Erah of Khafajah and Sumuabum of Babylon) Sarriia Warassa Belakum Ibal-pi-El I Ipiq-Adad II (c.1700 BC Reigned at least 36 years) Naram-Sin (Cont. of Shamshi-Adad) Son of Ipiq-Adad II Dannum-tahaz (Approximate position) Dadusha (Cont. of Shamshi-Adad) Son of Ipiq-Adad II Ibal-pi-El II (Cont. of Zimri-Lim of Mari) Killed by Siwe-PalarHupak of Elam who captured Eshnunna Silli-Sin

Lullubi kingdom,[2][3] c.2400c.650 BC

Immashkush (c. 2400 BC) Anubanini (c. 2350 BC) he ordered to make an inscription on the rock near Sar-e Pol-e Zahab Satuni (c. 2270 BC cont. with Naram-Sin king of Akkad & Hita king of Awan) Irib (c. 2037 BC) Darianam (c. 2000 BC) Ikki (precise dates unknown) Tar...duni (precise dates unknown) son of Ikki. his inscription is found near the inscription of Anubanini Nur-Adad (c. 881-880 BC) Zabini (c. 881 BC) Hubaia (c. 830 BC) vassal of Assyrians Dada (c. 715 BC) Larkutla (c. 675 BC)

Gilzan kingdom,[2] c.900- c.820 BC

Unknown king (c. 883- c. 880 BC) Asau (c. mid 9th cent. BC) Upu (c. 827 BC)

Zabshali kingdom,[2] c.2050- c.2000 BC

Ziringu (until after 2038 BC) Indasu (c. 2032 BC)

Urartu kingdom, c.860547 BC

Arame 858-844 BC Lutipri 844-834 BC Sarduri I 834-828 BC

Ishpuini 828-810 BC Menua 810-785 BC Argishti I 785-753 BC Sarduri II 753-735 BC Rusa I 735-714 BC Argishti II 714-680 BC Rusa II 680-639 BC Sarduri III 639-635 BC Erimna 635-629 BC Rusa III 629-590 or 629-615 BC Sarduri IV 615-595 BC Rusa IV 595-585 BC

Tritantaechmes (until July 15, 521 BC) Median dynasty, 726521 BC Throne Name Entered office [4] Median dynasty, 726521 BC 1 Deioces 726 BC 2 Xarita I 674 BC 3 Cyaxares 625 BC 4 Astyages 585 BC 5 Xarita II Dec. 522 BC Karalla kingdom, c.720- c.700 BC Uriaku kingdom, c.720- c.700 BC Karzinu kingdom, c.720- c.700 BC Saparda kingdom, c.720- c.670 BC

Left office 674 BC 652 BC 585 BC 550 BC May 8, 521 BC

Ida kingdom,[2] c.860- c.710 BC

Nikdiara (c. 855/6- c. 827 BC) Sharsina (c. 821- c. 820 BC) Parnua (c. 713 BC)

Allabria, c.850- c.710 BC

Ianziburiash (c. 842 BC) Artasari (c. 829 BC) Bl-apla-iddina (until 716 BC) Itti (c. 711 BC)

[2]

Gizilbunda kingdom,[2] c.850- c.700 BC

Pirishati (until 820 BC) (in Urash) Titamashka (c. 820 BC) (in Sasiashu) Kiara (c. 820 BC) (in Kar-Sibutu) Engur (c. 820 BC) (in Sibaru) Zizi (c. 714 BC) (in Appatar) Zala (c. 714 BC) (in Kit-Patia) Araziash kingdom, c.850- 716 BC Barua (precise dates unknown) Munsuarta (c. 820 BC) Unknown king (c. 775- c. 772 BC) Ramatea (c. 744 BC) Satareshu (c. 713 BC) Manna kingdom, c.850- c.550 BC Andia Kingdom, c.850c.700 BC Unnamed king of Andia (c.827 BC) cont. with Daian-Ashur military leader of Assyrian empire in western Iran Telusina (c.719-715 BC) who revolted against king of Manna & was defeated by Sargon II king of Assyria Kishesu kingdom, c.830- c.710 BC Sagbitu kingdom, c.820- c.710 BC Abdadana kingdom, c.810- c.710 BC Zikartu kingdom, c.750- 521 BC The unnamed king of Zikartu (c.744 BC) Mettati (c.719-714 BC) Bagparna (from 714 BC)
[2] [2][3] [2]

Scythian kingdom, c.700c.530 BC Ishpaka (until c.673 BC) Partatua (from c. 673 BC) Madea (c. 658/9- c.625 BC) son of Partatua ....... ....... Eruvand (before 550- 547 BC) Tigran (from 547 BC) son of Eruvand Southern Kingdoms, 27th cen.- 550 BC Dilmun kingdom, 27th to 7th cen. BC Ziusudra (27th cent. BC) Rimun (c.1550 BC) Usiananuri, grandfather of Uballissu-Marduk (precise dates unknown) Il-ippara (cont. with Burnaburiash II & Kurigalzu II) Operi (c.710 BC) Hundaru I (c.650 BC) Qena (c.680-c.670 BC) Hundaru II (706-685 BC) Gunilaha kingdom, c.2350- c.2300 BC [6] Hidarida[...] (c. 2325 BC) Makkan kingdom, 23rd cen. BC Mannudannu (cont. with Naram-Sin king of Akkad) Bashimi kingdom, c.2100c.1900 BC Ilsurabi (precise dates unknown) Ibalum (precise dates unknown) Warad-Nannar (cont. with Shu-Sin king of Ur) Ir-Nanna (cont. with Ibbi-Sin king of Ur) The unnamed king of Bashimi (c. 1930 BC) Zabum kingdom, 21st cen. BC Abummisar (precise dates unknown) Abuq-iu-bani (precise dates unknown) Unnamed king of Zabum (until 2064 BC)
[3] [3] [3] [5]

[2][3]

Shalhuni (from 2064 BC) Warad-Nannar (cont. with Shu-Sin king of Ur & the same king of Bashimi) Elamite Empire, c. 2700519 BC Throne Name Began Old Elamite Period, c. 2700- c. 1500 BC Early Elamite kings, c. 2700- c. 2600 BC 1 Humbaba c. 2700 BC 2 Humban-Shutur (or ? Khumbastir) [1][2][3] Awan dynasty, c. 2600-2078 BC 3 The unnamed King of c. 2580 BC Awan 4 ...Lu ? 5 Kur-Ishshak ? 6 Peli c. 2500 BC 7 Tata I ? 8 Ukku-Tanhish ? 9 Hishutash ? 10 Shushun-Tarana ? 11 Napi-Ilhush ? 12 Kikku-Siwe-Temti ? 13 Hishep-Ratep I ? 14 Luh-Ishshan ? 15 Hishep-Ratep II c. 2325 BC [5] 16 Emahsini c. 2315 BC 17 Helu ? 18 Hita c. 2270 BC [6] 19 Kutik-Inshushinak c. 2100 BC [7][8] Simashki dynasty, c. 2100- c. 1928 BC 20 The unnamed king of ? Simashki 21 Gir-Namme I ? [5] 22 Tazitta I c. 2040 BC 23 Eparti I ? 24 Gir-Namme II c. 2033 BC 25 Tazitta II ? 26 Lurak-Luhhan c. 2028 BC 27 Hutran-Temti ? 28 Indattu-Inshushinak I ? 29 Kindattu before 2006 BC 30 Indattu-Inshushinak II c. 1980 BC 32 Tan-Ruhuratir I c. 1965 BC 33 Indattu-Inshushinak III ? 35 Indattu-Napir ? 36 Indattu-Temti ? [9] Epartid dynasty, c. 1970- c. 1500 BC 31 Eparti II c. 1973 BC 34 Shilhaha ? 37 Kuk-Nashur I ? 38 Atta-hushu ?1928 BC 39 40 Tetep-Mada Palar-Ishshan after c. 1890 BC ?

Ended

41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 60 61 62 63 64

Kuk-Sanit Kuk-Kirwash Tem-Sanit Kuk-Nahhunte Kuk-Nashur II Shirukduh Shimut-Wartash I Siwe-Palar-Hupak Kuduzulush I Kutir-Nahhunte I Atta-Merra-Halki Tata II Lila-Irtash Temti-Agun Kutir-Shilhaha Kuk-Nashur III Temti-Raptash Shimut-Wartash II Shirtuh Kuduzulush II Tan-Uli Temti-Halki [5] Kuk-Nashur IV [4] Kutik-Matlat

c. 2680 BC ?

? ? c. 2550 BC ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? c. 2325 BC ? 2311 BC ? c. 2270 BC c. 2100 BC c. 2100 BC ? [5] c. 2037 BC [5] c. 2033 BC ? ? 2022 BC ? 2016 BC after 2005 BC ? ? ? ? 1928? BC ? ? ? after 1894 BC ? ?

? ? ? ? ? c. 1790 BC ? before 1765 BC ? c. 1710 BC ? ? ? ? ? before 1646 BC ? ? ? ? ? ? ? c. 1500 BC

? ? ? ? ? ? ? after 1765 BC ? ? ? ? ? ? ? after 1646 BC ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ?

Middle Elamite Period, c. 1500- c. 1000 BC [9] Kidinuid dynasty, c. 1500- c. 1400 BC 65 Kidinu 15th cen. BC 66 Inshushinak-Sunkir? Nappipir 67 Tan-Ruhuratir II 15th cen. BC 68 Shalla ? 76 Temti-Ahar c. 1370 BC [9] Igehalkid dynasty, c. 1400 c. 1200 BC [12] 69 Ata-Halki ? [12] 70 Attar-Kittah I ? 71 Ige-Halki ? 72 Pahir-Ishshan I c. 1390 BC 73 Kidin-Hutran I ? 74 Attar-Kittah II ? 75 Humban-Numena I c. 1370 BC 77 Untash-Napirisha or c. 1340 BC Untash-Humban 78 Kidin-Hutran II ? 79 Napirisha-Untash or ? Humban-Untash 80 Pahir-Ishshan II ? 81 Unpatar-Napirisha or ? Unpatar-Humban 82 Kidin-Hutran III c. 1224 BC [9] Shutrukid dynasty, c. 1200 c. 970 BC 83 Hallutush-Inshushinak c. 1200 BC 84 Shutruk-Nahhunte I before c. 1158 BC

? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? ? c. 1217 BC ? after c. 1158 BC

85 86 87 88 89 90 91 92 ? ? ?

Kutir-Nahhunte II Shilhak-Inshushinak I Hutelutush-Inshushinak Shilhina-HamruLakamar Humban-Numena II Shutruk-Nahhunte II Shutur-Nahhunte I Mar-biti-apla-usur Akshir-Shimut Akshir-Nahhunte Kara-Indash
[14]

before c. 1155 BC ? before c. 1110 BC after 1110 BC early 11th cen. BC middle of 11th cen. BC middle of 11th cen. BC before 983 BC ? ? ?

after c. 1155 BC ? after c. 1110 BC ? ? ? ?

121

Shilhak-Inshushinak II

122 123 124 125

Temti-HumbanInshushinak II Halkatash Aina Ummanunu II or Humban-Nikash IV (Ummani) Atta-hamitiInshushinak

[30]

BC first quarter of 6th cen. BC before 550 BC ? oct. BC dec. 522 BC

? c. 549/8 BC 10 dec. 522 BC feb. 521 BC

126 after 978 BC ? ? ?

520/19 BC

Neo-Elamite Period, c. 1000- c. 500 BC [15] Humban-Tahrid (Neo-Elamite) dynasty, c. 830521 BC 96 The unnamed king of before c. after c. 821 Elam 821 BC BC 97 Humban-Tahrah I ? 743 BC 98 Humban-Nikash I 743 BC 717 BC 99 Shutur-Nahhunte II 717 BC 699 BC 100 Hallushu-Inshushinak 699 BC oct. 693 BC 101 Kutir-Nahhunte III oct. 693 BC July 692 BC 102 Humban-Numena III July 692 BC feb. 688 BC 103 Humban-Haltash I feb. 688 BC oct. 681 BC 104 Humban-Haltash II oct. 681 BC sept. 675 BC 105 Urtak-Inshushinak sept. 675 BC 663 BC 106 Temti-Humban663 BC sept. 653 BC Inshushinak I 107 Humban-Nikash II sept. 653 BC 651 BC 108 Tammaritu 652 BC 649 BC 109 Indabibi 649 BC after July 648 BC 110 Humban-Haltash III after July 645/4 BC 648 BC 108 Tammaritu 647 BC 647 BC 111 Humban-Nikash III 647 BC 647 BC 112 Umhuluma 647 BC 647 BC 113 Indattu-Inshushinak IV 647 BC after autumn 646 BC 114 Humban-Hapua 647 BC 647 BC 115 Pa'e autumn 646 after 645/4 BC 116 Shutur-Nahhunte III after ? autumn 646 BC 117 Humban-Kitin last quarter ? of 7th cen. 118 Humban-Tahrah II ? ? 119 Hallutash-Inshushinak ? ? 120 Ummanunu I first quarter ? of 6th cen.

Kings of Elymais c.147 BCc.224 AD Kamnaskires I Megas Soter (c. 147- c.145 BC) Kamnaskires II Nikephoros (c 145- C. 139 BC) Okkonapses (c. 139/8 BC) Tigraios (c. 138/7- c. 133/2 bc) Darius (before c. 129 BC) Kamnaskires III Megas Nikephorus (c. 85 BC) Kamnaskires IV (c. 82/1- c. 76/5 BC) with Anzaze (his Queen) [31] Kamnaskires V (c. 73/2- c. 46 BC) [32] Kamnaskires VI (c. 46- c. 28 BC) [33] Kamnaskires VII (c. 28 BC- c. 1 AD) [34] Kamnaskires VIII (c. 1- c. 15 AD) [35] Kamnaskires IX (c. 15- c. 25 AD) Orodes I (c. 25- c. 50 AD) Orodes II (c. 50- c. 70 AD) son of Orodes I [36] Phraates (c. 70- c. 90 AD) son of Orodes (I or II) [37] Orodes III (c. 90- c. 100 AD) son of Orodes II [38] Kamnaskires-Orodes (c. 100- c. 120 AD) son of Orodes II Ariobarzanes (c. 125 AD) Osroes (c. 125-c. 130 AD) Unknown King I (c. 130- c. 140 AD) [39] Orodes IV & Ulpan (c. 140- c. 160 AD) [40] Abarbasi (c. 160- c. 170 AD) [41] Orodes V (c. 170- c. 180 AD) son of Beldusa [42] Vologases (c. 180- c. 190 AD) [43] Unknown King II (c. 190- c. 210 AD) [44] Unknown King III (c. 210- c. 220 AD) [45] Orodes VI (c. 220- 224 AD) List of rulers of Parthian sub-kingdoms Arsacids of Armenia 12428 AD Vonones 12-16 AD, former king of Parthia Orodes 16-18 son of Artabanus II (or IV) king of Parthia Artaxias III 18-34 Arsaces I 34-35 son of Artabanus II (or IV) king of Parthia Orodes 35 again Mithridates I 35-37 son of Mithridates (II) king of Iberia Orodes 37-42 again Mithridates I 42-52 again Rhadamistus 52-54 son of Pharasmanes (III) king of Iberia Tiridates I 54-60 son of Vonones II king of Parthia & Medes Tigranes VI 60-62 from the house of Herod

Tiridates I 62-c.75 again ?Vologases (I) c.75-89 (Probably Vologases II of Parthia) Sanatruk 89-109 (Probably son of Vologases II of Parthia) Axidares (Ashkhadar) 110-113 son of Pacorus II king of Parthia Parthamasiris (Partamasir) 113-114 son of Pacorus II king of Parthia Roman province 114-115 Mithridates II 115-116 brother of Osroes I Sanatruces II 116 son of Mithridates II Orontes V 116-118 son of Abgar VII king of Osrhoene Vologases I 116-138/144 Sohaemus 144-161 Pacorus 161-164 (Aurelius Pacorus) Sohaemus 164-171 again Tiridates (II) 171 Sohaemus 171-186 again Vologases II 186-198 son of Tigranes (king of sophene ?) ?Sanatruces III 198-215 Khosrov I 215-216 son of Vologases II Tiridates II (or III) 217-222 (Probably Tiridates IV king of Parthia and Medes) ?Khosrov (II) 222-238 ?Tiridates (IV) 238-252 Artavasdes VI 252-279 Khosrov II (or III) 279-287 Tiridates (V) 287-298 Tiridates III (or VI) 298-330 Sanatruces IV 330 usurper Khosrov III (or IV) 330338 Tigranes VII 338-351 Arsaces II (Arshak II) 351-367 Papas (Pap) 367-374 Varasdates (Varazdat) 374-378 Vologases III (or IV) 378-386 co-ruler with Arsaces III (Arshak III) Arsaces III 378-389 co-ruler with Vologases III (or IV) & then Khosrov IV (or V) Khosrov IV (or V) 386-392 co-ruler with Arsaces III & then alone Vramshapuh 392-414 Khosrov IV (or V) 414-416 again Tigranes VIII 416 co-ruler with Arsaces IV Arsaces IV 416 co-ruler with Tigranes VIII Shapur 416-420 later Shapur IV king of Iran son of Yazdegerd I Sassanid king of Iran Artaxias IV (Artashir IV) 422-428 AD Arsacids of Media 144 BC232 AD [1] Vologases (Bagasha) 144-122 BC [1] Arsaces 122-111 [1] Artaxerxes 111-97 [1] Artabanus 97-88 [1] Mithridates 88-67 [1] Darius 67-65 Mithridates 65-55 Orodes 55-50 Pacorus 50-38 ?Tiridates c. 30-25

?Mithridates 12-9 BC ?Orodes c. 4-6 AD Artabanus 9-12 AD .... Vonones c. 45-51 Pacorus 51-75 son of Vonones .... Arsaces c. 136 AD ?Pacorus to 163 AD .... Vologases to 208 .... Artabanus 213-226 Pacorus from 226 AD son of Artabanus Arsacids of Iberia 123 BCc. 230 AD Arsacid kings of Iberia Ruler Year Rev I 189 to 216 Vache 216 to 234 Bacurius I 234 to 249 Mithridates II 249 to 265 Amazaspus III 260 to 265 Aspacures I 265 to 284 Arsacids of Arran 123 BCc .490 AD Vachagan I the Brave Vache I Urnayr Vachagan II Mirhavan Satoy Asay Aswagen Vache Vachagan III the Pious Arsacids of Hyrcania c. 170 BCc. 230 AD Arsaces c. 165 BC son of Phraates I Himerus to 129 BC Otanes c. 70 BC Artabanus c. 9-40 AD Gotarzes 40-51 AD Kings of Sistan c. 20 c. 240 AD Main Indo-Parthian rulers Gondophares I (c. 20 BC - first years AD) Coin Gondophares II Sarpedones (first years AD - c. 20 AD)Coin Abdagases I (first years AD - mid-1st cen. AD) Coin Gondophares III Gadana, previously Orthagnes (c. 20 AD - 30 AD?) Gondophares IV Sases, previously Sases, (mid-1st cen. AD) Pacores (late 1st cen. AD) Coin Kings of Merv & Abarshahr c. 10 -c. 250 AD ? cont. with Phraates V ? cont. with Artabanus II ? cont. with Gotarzes II and Vardanes I
[3]

[2]

D... c. 50 AD Po... cont. with Vologases I Sanabares c. 2nd half of the 1st cen. AD Pacores c. 100 AD ? cont. with Vologases III and Mithridates IV ? cont. with Vologases III and Mithridates IV Tiren cont. with Vologases IV ? cont. with Vologases IV Ardashir c. 200 AD ? 1st half of the 3rd cen. ? 1st half of the 3rd cen. ? c. 250 AD Kings of Persis c.230 BCc.210 AD Name Date Baykard ? Baydad end of 3rd/ beg. of 2nd cen. BC Ardashir I 1st half of 2nd cen. Vahbarz 1st half of 2nd cen. Vadfradad I mid-2nd cen. Vadfradad II c. 140 Unknown king I 2nd half of 2nd cen. (Syknlt?) Darev I end of 2nd cen. Vadfradad III 1st half of 1st cen. Darev II 1st cen. Ardashir II 2nd half of 1st cen. Vahshir I 2nd half of 1st cen. Pakor I 1st half of 1st cen. AD Pakor II 1st half of 1st cen. Nambed mid-1st cen. Napad 2nd half of 1st cen. Unknown king II end of 1st cen. Vadfradad IV 1st half of 2nd cen. Manchihr I 1st half of 2nd cen. Ardashir III 1st half of 2nd cen. Manchihr II mid-2nd cen. Unknown king III 2nd half of 2nd cen. Manchihr III 2nd half of 2nd cen. Ardashir IV end of 2nd cen. Vahshir II c. 206-210 AD Shapur beg. of 3rd cen. Rulers of Hatra In inscriptions found at Hatra, several rulers are mentioned. Other rulers are sporadically mentioned by classical authors. They appear with two titles. The earlier rulers are calledmry (translation uncertain, perhaps administrator), the later ones mlk -king. Name Date 1 Worod 2 Manu 3 Elkud 155/156 AD 4 Nashrihab 128/29 - 137/38 AD 5 Naru 128/29 - 176/77 6 Wolgash I
[4]

7 8 9 10

Sanatruq I Wolgash (II?) Abdsamiya Sanatruq II

176/177 AD 192/93 - 201/202 AD 207/08 - 229/230 AD

[21]

Kings of Characene c. 170 BCc. 222 AD Hyspaosines c. 127122/121 BC Apodakos c. 110/109-104/103 BC Tiraios I 95/94-90/89 BC Tiraios II 79/78-49/48 BC Artabazos 49/48-48/47 BC Attambelos I 47/46-25/24 BC Theonesios I c. 19/18 BC Attambalos II c. 17/16 BC - AD 8/9 Abinergaos I 10/11; 22/23 Orabazes I c. 19 Attambalos III c. 37/38-44/45 Theonesios II c. 46/47 Theonesios III c. 52/53 Attambalos IV 54/55-64/65 Attambalos V 64/65-73/74 Orabazes II c. 73-80 Pakoros (II) 80-101/02 king of Iran Attambalos VI c. 101/02-105/06 Theonesios IV c. 110/11-112/113 Attambalos VII 113/14-117 Meredates c. 131-150/51 son of Pakoros (II) king of Iran Orabazes III c. 150/151-165 Abinergaios II (?) c. 165-180 Attambalos VIII c. 180-195 (?) Maga (?) c. 195-210 Abinergaos III c. 210-222 Kings of Osrhoene 132 BCc. 293 AD Aryu (132127 BC) Abdu bar Maz'ur (127120 BC) Fradhasht bar Gebar'u (120115 BC) Bakru I bar Fradhasht (115112 BC) Bakru II bar Bakru (11294 BC) Ma'nu I (94 BC) Abgar I Piqa (9468 BC) Abgar II bar Abgar (6852 BC) Ma'nu II (5234 BC) Paqor (3429 BC) Abgar III (2926 BC) Abgar IV Sumaqa (2623 BC) Ma'nu III Saphul (234 BC) Abgar V Ukkama bar Ma'nu (Abgarus of Edessa) (4 BC7 AD) Ma'nu IV bar Ma'nu (713 AD) Abgar V Ukkama bar Ma'nu (1350) Ma'nu V bar Abgar (5057) Ma'nu VI bar Abgar (5771) Abgar VI bar Ma'nu (7191) Sanatruk (91109) Abgar VII bar Ezad (109116) Roman interregnum 116118 Yalur (118122, co-ruler with Parthamaspates) Parthamaspates (118123)

Ma'nu VII bar Ezad (123139) Ma'nu VIII bar Ma'nu (139163) Wa'il bar Sahru (163165) Ma'nu VIII bar Ma'nu (165167) Abgar VIII (167177) Abgar IX (the great) (177212) Abgar X Severus bar Ma'nu (212214) Abgar (X) Severus Bar Abgar (IX) Rabo (214216) Manu (IX) Bar Abgar (X) Severus (216242) Abgar (XI) Farhat Bar Manu (IX) (242244) Kings of Adiabene c. 69 BCc. 310 AD Izates I (c. 15 AD) Bazeus Monobazus I (20?30?) Heleni (c. 3058) Izates II bar Monobazus (c. 3458) [disambiguation needed] Vologases (a Parthian rebel opposing Izates II) (c. 50) Monobazus II bar Monobazus (58 middle of the 70s) Meharaspes (?116) To the Roman Empire (116117) Narsai of Adiabene (c. 170200) Shahrat (Shahrad) (c. 220) To the Sassanid Empire (226649) Ardashir II (344-376) Aphraates (c. 310) Kings of Korduene c. 140 BCc. 230 AD Zarbenus until c. 69 BC. killed by Tigranes II Achaemenid kings and rulers Unattested Achaemenes of Persia The epigraphic evidence for these rulers cannot be confirmed and are often considered to have been invented by Darius I Ariaramnes of Persia, son of Teispes and co-ruler with Cyrus I Arsames of Persia, son of Ariaramnes and co-ruler with Cambyses I Attested King Teispes of Anshan Cyrus I Cambyses I of Anshan Cyrus II the Great

Darius II of Persia 423405 Artaxerxes II Mnemon 404359 Early in the reign of Artaxerxes II, in 399 BCE, the Persians lose control over Egypt. They regained control 57 years later in 342 BCE when Artaxerxes III conquered Egypt. Kings of Persia (358330 BCE); Thirty-first dynasty of Egypt (342332 BCE) King Reign (BCE) Artaxerxes III Ochus 358338 Artaxerxes IV Arses 338336 Darius III 336330 Middle Iranian Empire, 247 BCc. 670 AD Name Began [20] Arsacid dynasty, 247 BC228 AD Tiridates I or Arsaces 247 BC Arsaces 211 BC Phriapatius 185 BC Phraates I 170 BC [22] Mithridates I 167 BC Phraates II 132 BC Artabanus I 127 BC [23] Vologases (I) 126 BC [23] Artabanus (II) 122 BC [24] Mithridates II 121 BC Gotarzes I 91 BC [22] Artabanus (III) 91 BC [23] Mithridates (III) 88 BC Orodes I 80 BC Sanatruces I 77 BC ? 77 BC Phraates III 70 BC ? 66 BC [22] Mithridates III (or IV) 65 BC Orodes II 57 BC Pacorus I 50 BC Phraates IV 38 Tiridates II 30 BC [25] Mithridates (V) 12 BC Musa 2 BC Phraates V 2 BC Orodes III 4 Vonones I 8 Artabanus II (or IV) 10 Tiridates III 35 Cinnamus 37 Gotarzes II 40 Vardanes I 40 Vonones II c. 45 [26] Mithridates (VI) 49 Vologases I (or II) 51 Vardanes II 55 Vologases II (or III) 77 Pacorus II 77 Artabanus III (or V) 80

Ended 211 BC [21] 185 BC [21] 170 BC [22] 167 BC [23] 132 BC [23] 127 BC [23] 126 BC [23] 122 BC 121 BC 91 BC 87 BC 77? BC 67 BC 75 BC 70 BC 66 BC 57 BC 63 BC 54 BC 38 BC 38 BC 2 BC 25 BC 9 BC 4 AD 4 AD 6 12 40 36 37 51 46 51 50 77 58 89/90 115 81

Reign (BCE) 7th cen. Late 7th / early 6th cen. Early 6th Cen. c.550530

Kings of Persia (529359 BCE); Twenty-seventh dynasty of Egypt (525399 BCE) King Cambyses II Bardiya (Smerdis) Darius I the Great Xerxes I the Great Artaxerxes I Longimanus Xerxes II Sogdianus

Reign (BCE) 529522 522 521486 485465 465424 424 424423

Osroes I 89/90 Vologases III (or IV) 105 Mithridates IV(or VII) 115 Parthamaspates 116 Sanatruces II c. 145 Vologases IV (or V) 148 Vologases V (or VI) 191 Osroes II c. 190 Vologases VI (or VII) 208 Artabanus IV (or VI) 213 [28] Tiridates IV 217 Sassanid dynasty, 224-c. 670 AD Ardashir I 28 April 224 Shapur I 12 April 240 Hormizd I April 273 Bahram I April 274 Bahram II July 277 Bahram III 293 Narseh I 293 Hormizd II 302 Narseh II Feb. 310 Shapur II March 310 Ardashir II 379 Shapur III 383 Bahram IV Dec. 388 Yazdegerd I 399 Shapur IV Feb. 421 Bahram V 421 Yazdegerd II 20 June 439 Hormizd III 457 Peroz I 457 Balash Feb. 484 Kavadh I 488 Djamasp 496 Kavadh I 498 Khosrau I Hormizd IV Khosrau II Bahram VI Khosrau II Vistahm Hormizd V Kavadh II Ardashir III Farrokhan Khosrau III Boran Peroz II Khosrau IV Azarmidokht Hormizd VI Khosrau V 13 September 531 31 January 579 Sept. 590 Sept. 590 Jan. 591 592 ?593 25 February 628 15 September 628 27 April 630 May 630 June 630 Oct. 631 Dec. 631 Dec. 631 April 632 April 632

130 148 c. 145 117 c. 145 191 208 c. 195 228 226 222 Sept. 241 April 273 April 274 July 277 293 293 302 feb. 310 March 310 379 383 Dec. 388 399 21 January 421 Feb. 421 20 June 439 15 December 456 459 Jan. 484 488 496 498 13 September 531 31 January 579 5 September 590 Sept. 590 Jan. 591 25 February 628 596 ?593 15 September 628 27 April 630 9 June 630 after July 635 Oct. 631 Dec. 631 Dec. 631 April 632 after July 633 Oct. 632

Yazdegerd III Peroz III

Oct. 632 652

652 after 670

Kings of Rome (753 BC 509 BC) Name King From Romulus 753 BC REX ROMVLVS Numa Pompilius 715 BC REX NVMA POMPILIVS Tullus Hostilius 673 BC REX TVLLVS HOSTILIVS Ancus Marcius 641 BC REX ANCVS MARCIVS Lucius Tarquinius Priscus 616 BC REX LVCIVS TARQVINIVS PRISCVS Servius Tullius 578 BC REX SERVIVS TVLLIVS Lucius Tarquinius 534 BC Superbus REX LVCIVS TARQVINIVS SVPERBVS Rashidun Caliphs (632661) Abu Bakr - 632634 Umar ibn al-Khattab - 634644 Uthman ibn Affan - 644656 Ali ibn Abi Talib - 656661 Hasan ibn Ali - 661 Umayyad Caliphs (661750/1031)

King Until 716 BC 674 BC 642 BC 617 BC 579 BC

535 BC 509 BC

Caliphs of Damascus (661750) Muawiyah I - 661680 (Founder of the Umayyad dynasty). Yazid I - 680683 Muawiyah II - 683684 Marwan I - 684685 Abd al-Malik - 685705 Al-Walid I - 705715 Sulayman - 715717 Umar II - 717720 (Sometimes considered, honorifically as the fifth of the Rashidun). Yazid II - 720724 Hisham - 724743 Al-Walid II - 743744 Yazid III - 744 Ibrahim - 744 Marwan II - 744750 Emirs of Crdoba (756929) Abd ar-Rahman I - 756788 Hisham I - 788796 al-Hakam I - 796822 Abd ar-Rahman II - 822852 Muhammad I - 852886 al-Mundhir - 886888 Abdallah ibn Muhammad - 888912 Abd-ar-Rahman III - 912929 (Declared himself Caliph)

Caliphs of Crdoba (9291031) Abd-ar-Rahman III - 929961 Al-Hakam II - 961976 Hisham II al-Hakam - 9761009 Muhammad II - 1009 Sulayman ibn al-Hakam - 10091010 Hisham II al-Hakam, restored - 10101013 Sulayman ibn al-Hakam, restored - 10131016 Abd ar-Rahman IV - 10211022 Abd ar-Rahman V - 10221023 Muhammad III - 10231024 Hisham III - 10271031 Abbasid Caliphs (7501258/1517) Caliphs of Baghdad (7501258) As-Saffah - 750754 (Founder of the Abbasid dynasty). Al-Mansur - 754775 Al-Mahdi - 775785 Al-Hadi - 785786 Harun al-Rashid - 786809 Al-Amin - 809813 Al-Ma'mun - 813833 Al-Mu'tasim - 833842 Al-Wathiq - 842847 Al-Mutawakkil - 847861 Al-Muntasir - 861862 Al-Musta'in - 862866 Al-Mu'tazz - 866869 Al-Muhtadi - 869870 Al-Mu'tamid - 870892 Al-Mu'tadid - 892902 Al-Muktafi - 902908 Al-Muqtadir - 908932 Al-Qahir - 932934 Ar-Radi - 934940 Al-Muttaqi - 940944 Al-Mustakfi - 944946 Al-Muti - 946974 At-Ta'i - 974991 Al-Qadir - 9911031 Al-Qa'im - 10311075 Al-Muqtadi - 10751094 Al-Mustazhir - 10941118 Al-Mustarshid - 11181135 Ar-Rashid - 11351136 Al-Muqtafi - 11361160 Al-Mustanjid - 11601170 Al-Mustadi - 11701180 An-Nasir - 11801225 Az-Zahir - 12251226 Al-Mustansir - 12261242 Al-Musta'sim - 12421258 (last Abbasid Caliph at Baghdad) (During the latter period of Abbasid rule, Muslim rulers began using other titles, such as Sultan). Caliphs of Cairo (12611517)

Al-Mustansir II - 12611262 Al-Hakim I - 12621302 Al-Mustakfi I - 13021340 Al-Hakim II - 13411352 Al-Mu'tadid I - 13521362 Al-Mutawakkil I - 13621383 Al-Wathiq II - 13831386 Al-Mu'tasim - 13861389 Al-Mutawakkil I (restored) - 13891406 Al-Musta'in - 14061414 Al-Mu'tadid II - 14141441 Al-Mustakfi II - 14411451 Al-Qa'im - 14511455 Al-Mustanjid - 14551479 Al-Mutawakkil II - 14791497 Al-Mustamsik - 14971508 Al-Mutawakkil III - 15081517 (surrendered the title to Selim I, below) Other Caliphates (9101269) Fatimid Caliphs (9101171) Ubayd Allah al-Mahdi Billah - 910934 (Founder of the Fatimid dynasty). Muhammad al-Qa'im Bi-Amrillah - 934946 Ismail al-Mansur - 946953 Al-Muizz Lideenillah - 953975 (Egypt is conquered during his reign). Abu Mansoor Nizar al-Aziz Billah - 975996 Al-Hakim bi-Amr Allah - 9961021 Ali az-Zahir - 10211036 Ma'ad al-Mustansir Billah - 10361094 Al-Musta'li - 10941101 (Quarrels over his succession led to the Nizari split). Al-Amir - 11011130 (The Fatimid rulers of Egypt after him are not recognized as Imams by Mustaali Taiyabi Ismailis). al-Hafiz - 11301149 al-Zafir - 11491154 Al-Faiz - 11541160 Al-Azid - 11601171 Almohad Caliphs (11451269) Abd al-Mu'min - 11451163 Abu Yaqub Yusuf I - 11631184 Yaqub al-Mansur - 11841199 Muhammad an-Nasir - 11991213 Abu Ya'qub Yusuf II - 12131224 Abd al-Wahid I - 1224 Abdallah al-Adil 12241227 Yahya - 12271235 Idris I - 12271232 Abdul-Wahid II - 12321242 Ali - 12421248 Umar - 12481266 Idris II - 12661269 List of rulers of Texcoco Tlatoani

Quinatzin Tlaltecatzin Techotlalatzin Ixtlilxochitl Ome Tochtli Nezahualcoyotl Acolmiztli [1] [2] 4 Reed (1431) 6 Flint(1472) Nezahualpilli [2] [3] 6 Flint (1472) 10 Reed(1515) Cacamatzin [3] [4] 11 Flint (1516) 2 Flint(1520) List of Tenochtitlan rulers Tlatoani Acamapichtli 1376 1395 Huitzilihuitl Five Snake (22 January) 3 Reed (1396) 1 Reed (1417) Chimalpopoca 3 Serpent (21 July) 1 Reed (1417) 12 Rabbit (1427) Itzcoatl 13 Water (22 June) 13 Reed (1427) 13 Flint (1440) Montezuma I 3 Serpent (22 May) 13 Flint (1440) 3 house (1469) Axayacatl 2 Rain (2 August) 3 House (1469) 2 House (1481) Tizoc 6 Vulture (2 June) 2 House (1481) 7 Rabbit (1486) Ahuitzotl 10 Rabbit (15 April) 7 Rabbit (1486) 10 Rabbit (1502) Montezuma II 9 Deer (14 April) 10 Rabbit (1502) 2 Flint (1520) Cuitlahuac 5/8 Wind (16 September) 2 Flint (1520) Cuauhtemoc Izcalli/February 3 House (1521) 7 House (1525) Pre-Conquest Sapa Incas First dynasty Sapa Inca Manco Cpac c. 1200 CE c. 1230 Sinchi Roca c. 1230 c. 1260 Lloque Yupanqui c. 1260 c. 1290 Mayta Cpac c. 1290 c. 1320 Cpac Yupanqui c. 1320 c. 1350 As a rough guide to the later reputation of the early Sapa Incas, in later years capac meant warlord and sinchi meant leader. Second dynasty Sapa Inca Inca Roca c. 1350 c. 1380 Yhuar Hucac c. 1380 c. 1410 Viracocha c. 14101438 Pachacuti 14381471 Tpac Inca Yupanqui 14711493 Huayna Capac 14931527 Ninan Cuyochi 1527 Huscar 15271532 Atahualpa 15321533

Post-Conquest Sapa Incas Sapa Inca Tpac Huallpa 1533 Manco Inca Yupanqui 1533 - 1544 Paullu Inca 1536 - 1549 Sayri Tpac 1544 - 1560 Titu Cusi 1560 - 1571 Tpac Amaru 1571 - 1572 Buyid Empire, 9331062 AD Throne Name Original Name Begun Ended Diylamids of Fars, 9331062 AD Emad od-Dowleh Ali 933 949 Azad od-Dowleh Panah 949 982 Khosrow Sharaf od-Dowleh Shirdel 982 989 Shams od-Dowleh 989 989 Samsam od-Dowleh Marzban 989 998 Nur od-Dowleh Salar 998 999 Baha' od-Dowleh Firuz 999 1012 Soltan od-Dowleh 1012 1024 Qavam od-Dowleh Shirdel 1024 1026 Emad od-Din Marzban 1026 1048 Fuladsotun 1048 1048 Malek or-Rahim Khosrow Firuz 1048 1050 Fuladsotun 1050 1051 Khosrow Shah 1051 1053 Fuladsotun 1053 1062 Diylamids of Rey, Isfahan, and Hamedan, 935c. 1038 AD Rokn od-Dowleh Hasan 935 976 Mo'ayyed odBuyeh 976 983 Dowleh Fakhr od-Dowleh Ali 976 997 Majd od-Dowleh Rostam 997 1029 Shams od-Dowleh Shah Khosrow 997 1021 Sama' od-Dowleh Ali 1021 1023 Panah c. 1036 c. 1038 Khosrow Diylamids of Iraq and Khuzistan, 945c. 1055 AD Mo'ez od-Dowleh Ahmad 945 966 Izz od-Dowleh Bakhtiar 966 977 Azad od-Dowleh Panah 977 982 Khosrow Samsam od-Dowleh Marzban 982 986 Sharaf od-Dowleh Shirdel 986 989 Baha' od-Dowleh Firuz 989 1012 Soltan od-Dowleh 1012 1021 Mosharraf odHasan 1021 1025 Dowleh Jalal od-Dowleh Shirdel (or 1025 1025 Firuz Khosrow) Emad od-Din Marzban 1025 1027 Jalal od-Dowleh Shirdel (or 1027 1043 Firuz Khosrow) Emad od-Din Marzban 1043 1048 Malek or-Rahim Khosrow Firuz 1048 1055

Seljuq leaders Rulers of the Seljuq Dynasty Titular Name(s) Personal Name Bey Tughril Sultan Sultan Jall alDawlah Sultan Nasir alDuniya wa al-Din Sultan Abul Muzaffar Rukn al-Duniya wa alDin Sultan Muizz alDin Sultan Ghiyath al-Duniya wa alDin Sultan Muizz alDin Alp Arslan Malik Shah I Mahmud bin Malik Shah Barkiyaruq bin Malik Shah

Reign 1016-1063 1063-1072 1072-1092 1092-1094

Abu Sa'id Taj ad-Dawla Tutush I 10851086 Jalal ad-Dawlah Malik Shah I of Great Seljuq 10861087 Qasim ad-Dawla Abu Said Aq Sunqur al-Hajib 10871094 Abu Sa'id Taj ad-Dawla Tutush I (second time) 10941095 Fakhr al-Mulk Radwan 10951113 Tadj ad-Dawla Alp Arslan al-Akhras 11131114 Sultan Shah 11141123 To the Artuqids Sultans/Emirs of Damascus: Aziz ibn Abaaq al-Khwarazmi 10761079 Abu Sa'id Taj ad-Dawla Tutush I 10791095 Abu Nasr Shams al-Muluk Duqaq 10951104 Tutush II 1104 Muhi ad-Din Baqtash 1104 Seljuq sultans of Rum (Anatolia) Kutalmish 10601077 Suleyman I (Suleiman) 10771086 Dawud Kilij Arslan I 10921107 Malik Shah 11071116 Rukn ad-Din Mesud I 11161156 Izz ad-Din Kilij Arslan II 11561192 Ghiyath ad-Din Kaykhusraw I 11921196 Suleyman II (Suleiman) 11961204 Kilij Arslan III 12041205 Ghiyath ad-Din Kaykhusraw I (second time) 12051211 Izz ad-Din Kaykaus I 12111220 Ala ad-Din Kayqubad I 12201237 Ghiyath ad-Din Kaykhusraw II 12371246 Izz ad-Din Kaykaus II 12461260 Rukn ad-Din Kilij Arslan IV 12481265 Ala ad-Din Kayqubad II 12491257 Ghiyath ad-Din Kaykhusraw III 12651282 Ghiyath ad-Din Mesud II 12821284 Ala ad-Din Kayqubad III 1284 Ghiyath ad-Din Mesud II (second time) 12841293 Ala ad-Din Kayqubad III (second time) 12931294 Ghiyath ad-Din Mesud II (third time) 12941301 Ala ad-Din Kayqubad III (third time) 13011303 Ghiyath ad-Din Mesud II (fourth time) 13031307 Throne Name Original Name Began Khwrazm-Shh Empire, 11531231 Atsiz 1153 Il-Arslan 1156 Soltanshah Mahmud 1172 Tekish 1172 Mohammad 1200 Mingburnu 1220 Great Khans of the Mongol Empire Genghis Khan (12061227) Tolui (regent) (12271229) gedei Khan (12291241) Tregene Khatun (regent) (12431246) Gyk Khan (12461248) Oghul Qaimish (regent) (12481251) Mngke Khan (12511259) Ended 1156 1172 1193 1200 1221 1231

10941105

Malik Shah II Muhammad Tapar *Ahmad Sanjar

1105 1105-1118

11181153

Seljuq sultans of Hamadan Mahmud II 11181131 1131-1134 - Disputed Dawud Mas'ud (in Jibal and Iranian Azerbaijan) 1131 Toghrul II 11321134 Mas'ud 11331152 Malik Shah III 11521153 Muhammad II Suleiman Shah 11601161 Arslan Shah 11611174 Toghrul III 11741194 Seljuq rulers of Kerman Kerman was a province in southern Persia. Between 1053 and 1154, the territory also included Umman. Qawurd 10411073 Kerman Shah 10731074 Sultan Shah 10741075 Hussain Omar 10751084 Turan Shah I 10841096 Iran Shah 10961101 Arslan Shah I 11011142 Mehmed I (Muhammad) 11421156 Torl Shah 11561169 Bahram Shah 11691174 Arslan Shah II 11741176 Turan Shah II 11761183 Muhammad Shah 11831187 Seljuq rulers in Syria