Gio trnh Autocad2007 Chng I: lm quen vi autocad ..................................................................... 3 I. Gii thiu chung v autocad. ...................................................................................... 3 II. Cc thao tc c bn.

.................................................................................................. 3 III. Cch lnh v file ...................................................................................................... 5 IV. Cc h ta trong Autocad. ................................................................................... 6 V. Cc phng php truy bt im. ................................................................................ 8 Chng II: cc lnh v c bn ........................................................................... 9 I. Lnh v ng thng Line (L). ................................................................................... 9 II. Lnh v ng trn Circle (c) ................................................................................... 9 II. Lnh v cung trn Arc (A). ..................................................................................... 10 IV. Lnh v ng a tuyn Pline(PL). ........................................................................ 11 V. Lnh v a gic u Polygon (POL). ....................................................................... 12 VI. Lnh v hnh ch nht Rectang (REC). .................................................................. 12

Ch : v li hnh ch nht nh bnh thng th ta vo lnh va v v chn thng s v 0.VII. Lnh v Ellipse (EL). .................................................................................... 13

VII. Lnh Lnh v Ellipse (EL). ........................................................................................... 14 VIII. V ng Spline (SPL). ....................................................................................... 14 IX.Lnh v im Point (PO). ....................................................................................... 15 CHNG III. cc lnh chnh sa i tng .................................................. 16 I. Chia i tng thnh nhiu phn Divide (DIV). ........................................................ 16 II.Lnh xo xo i tng Erase (E). .................................................................................. 16 III. Lnh phc hi i tng va xo OOPS ................................................................. 16 IV. Lnh hu b i tng va thc hin Undo (U). .................................................... 16 V. Lnh ti to li mn hnh v hay lm ti i tng Redraw (RE) or viewres .......... 16 VI. Lnh to i tng song song vi i tng cho trc offset (O). .......................... 16 VII.Lnh ct xn i tng Trim (TR). ........................................................................ 17 VIII. Lnh ko di i tng Extend. ........................................................................... 17 IX. Lnh xn mt phn i tng gia 2 im chn Break (BR). ................................. 19 X. Lnh thay i chiu di i tng Lengthen (LEN). ............................................... 19 XI: Lnh vt mp cc cnh Chamfer (CHA)................................................................. 20 XII : Lnh vut 2 i tng Fillet (F). ......................................................................... 21 XIII : Lnh Lnh di chuyn i tng Move (M). ................................................................. 21 XIV: Lnh sao chp i tng Copy(CO) .................................................................... 22 XV: Lnh xoay i tng xung quanh mt im Rotate (RO). (RO)...................................... 22 XVI: Lnh thu phng i tng theo t l scale(SC). ................................................... 22 XVII: Lnh i xng qua trc Mirror (MI). ................................................................. 23 XVIII: Lnh ri v ko gin i tng Stretch (S). ....................................................... 23 XIX: Lnh sao chp i tng theo dy Array ((-AR hoc AR) .................................... 23 Chng IV: lm vic vi layer ........................................................................ 25 I. To lp mi Lnh Layer (LA). ................................................................................. 25 Chng V : lm vic vi block ........................................................................ 30 I. Lnh to khi block. ................................................................................................. 30 II. Lnh chn block vo bn v. ................................................................................... 31 III. Lnh ph v Block. ................................................................................................ 31 Chng 6: ghi kch thc v vt liu ........................................................... 32 I. To cc kiu kch thc. ........................................................................................... 32 II. Cc lnh ghi kch thc thng. ................................................................................ 40 III. Cc lnh ghi kch thc hng tm ........................................................................ 41 IV: Lnh ghi kch thc khc ...................................................................................... 42

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Gio trnh Autocad2007 V: Lnh hiu chnh kch thc ..................................................................................... 42 VI: Lnh ghi dung sai TOLERANCE (TOL). ............................................................ 43 VII: V k hiu vt liu ............................................................................................... 43 ChngVII: nhp v chnh sa vn bn, in bn v................................... 45 I. Trnh t nhp v v hiu chnh vn bn ......................................................................... 45 II. In bn v ................................................................................................................. 47

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Chng I: I: lm quen vi autocad I. Gii thiu chung v autocad. - L mt phn mm quan trng trong lnh vc c kh, xy dng v mt s lnh vc khc. - Bt u t th h th 10 tr i th autocad c chuyn bin mnh thay i thn thin v d s dng. - Mt s chc nng chnh ca autocad: + Kh nng v chnh xc l u im ln nht ca autocad. + Sa cha v bin i tng v ra, kh nng cng mnh hn so vi cc th h sau. + Autocad c cc cng c phi cnh v h tr v trong khng gian 3 chiu, gip cc gc nhn chnh xc hn trong cc cng trnh thc t. + Autocad in bn v chnh xc ng t l, v c th xut bn v ra cc tp tng thch vi cc phn mm khc. II. II. Cc thao tc c bn. - Khi ng autocad. C1: Kch p chut vo biu tng autocad c trn mn hnh. C2: Vo start/all program/autodesk/autocad2 007 Sau khi khi ng autocad s xut hin hp thoi startup. Chn start from scratch(m mt bn v nhp). Chn h metric.

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Ch : Nu khi ng autocad m khng xut hin hp thoi startup th vo tools/option/system. Mc startup chn show startup dialog box.

- Cc cch vo lnh trong Autocad( c 3 cch vo lnh). + Vo bng cu lnh, bng bn phm thc hin dng command + Vo t thc n th xung bng chut. + Vo bng thanh cng c (Toolbar). Ty vo thi quen v thi quen ca tong ngi nn s dng cc cch khc nhau. Nhng cch vo lnh c s dng nhiu nht. - Mt s chc nng c bit trong Autocad. F1: Tr gip F2: Chuyn qua ch mn hnh hoc vn bn. F3: Bt tt ch truy bt im. F4: Chuyn qua li cc mt chiu trc o. F6: Hin th ta tc thi ca con tr. F7: Tt, m mng li im. F8: Gii hn chuyn ng ca con tr theo phng thng ng hoc nm ngang. F9: Bt tt bc nhy.
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ENTER bt tt cu lnh hoc nhp d liu. Trong autocad th phim space (phm cch) v enter c chc nng nh nhau. ESC: Hy lnh hoc thot lnh. Ctrl+S: Thc hin lnh save. Chut tri: Chn i tng. Chut phi: Tng ng phm Enter Chut gia: Phng to thu nh,di chuyn. III III. Cch lnh v file - To file mi. C1: Toolbar C2: Menu file/new C3: command(cmd): New hoc ctrl+N - Lu bn v. + C1: TOOLBAR C2: Menu: file/save C3: cmd: save hoc Ctrl+S Trng hp bn v cha lu thnh file th thc hin lnh save as. +Save in: Chn ni mun lu bn v. + File name: t tn cho bn v. + File of type: Chn file ghi vi cc phin bn trc. Sau kch save. - M file c sn. C1: TOOLBAR C2: File/open C3: cmd: open hoc Ctrl+O - ng bn v. + cmd: close + menu: file/close. - Thot autocad + Menu: exit + cmd: exit

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IV. IV. Cc h ta trong Autocad. Trong autocad c th s dng ta Decac hoc h ta c cc. Chng ta khng cn khai bo m chi cn nhp theo quy c. - H ta Decac. H ta trong khng gian 2D gm c trc X v trc Y vung gc vi nhau.Ta ca mt im c xc nh qua thng s tung v honh .V d A(30,50) - Ta tuyt i: L ta xc nh t gc ta O(0,0) - Ta tng i: L ta xc nh im lion k trc khi v. - H ta c cc: V tr im c xc nh bi khong cch v gc so vi gc ta O(0,0) - Cch nhp ta : + Vi h ta tuyt i ch cn g 2 tham s cch nhau bi du phy. V d: (50,40) Tc l X=50, Y=40 + Vi ta tng i ta nhp tham s sau du @. V d: @ 50,40 Tc l X=50, Y=40 + Vi ta cc tuyt i: Khong cch< cch<gc. V d: 80<45 l ta im cch gc ta 80 v gc l 45o + Vi ta tng i: @ khong cch<gc, @80,45 l ta ca cch<gc im cch im lin trc mt khong 80 v gc quay l 45. V d: V hnh ch nht c im P(0,0) theo cch nhp ta Decac.
P(0,35) P(40,35)

P(0,0)

P(40,0)

C1: Ta Decac tuyt i. Command: l LINE Specify first point: 0,0 Specify next point or [Undo]: 40,0
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Specify next point or [Undo]: 0,35 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: -40,0 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: 0,-35 C2: To Decac tng i. Command: l LINE Specify first point: 0,0 Specify next point or [Undo]: @40,0 Specify next point or [Undo]: @0,35 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @-40,0 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @0,-35 V d: V hnh sau theo to c cc.P1 cc.P1 to 0,0 Nhp to tng i. Command: l LINE Specify first point: 0,0

(hoc c th kch chut chn to bt k)

Specify next point or [Undo]: @60<0 Specify next point or [Undo]: @60<120 Specify next point or [Undo]: C

hoc: Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: @60<-120

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V. Cc phng php truy bt im. C1: Menu Tools/Drafting setting. C2: cmd: OS

Endpoit: Truy bt im cui. Midpoit: Truy bt trung im(im gia i tng) Center: Truy bt tm ng trn, cung trn. Node: Truy bt mt im Quadrant: Truy bt im 1/4( i ng trn v cung trn) Intersection: Bt giao im 2 i tng. Extension: Bt im ko di (t dng) Perpendicular: Bt im vung gc. Tangent: Bt im tip xc. Nearest: Bt im gn nht. Parallel: im song song. - Gi SHIFT+ Chut phi.

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Chng II: cc lnh v c bn I. Lnh Lnh v ng thng Line (L). (L). C1:Menu Draw/line C2:TOOLBAR C3: Cmd: L LINE Specify first point: (Nhp to im u) y chng ta c th nhp

to hoc l kch chut.

Specify next point or [Undo]: ]: Nhp to im tip theo.(Dng bng cch

kch chut hoc l nhp gi tr VD: @100<45 Specify next point or [Close/Undo]: Nhp tip hoc C ng, U xo ng thng va v.
II. II. Lnh v ng trn Circle (c) C1: TOOLBAR C2: Menu Draw/Circl C3: cmd:C C 6 phng php v ng trn.

1. V ng trn vi tm tm v bn knh (ng knh).

Command:C Specify center point .:(Nhp to tm hoc l dng phng php kch

chut.
Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: Nhp gi tr bn knh hoc nhp D (tc

l ng knh)
Specify radius of circle: Nhp thng s. Ch : Trong autocad ch trong ngoc vung [ ] c gi l gi tr ngm nh. V d: d Lnh v ng trn ta khng chn D hay R m enter lun th cad hiu theo ngm nh l [Diameter].

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2. V ng trn i qua 2 im im 2 Point (2P)

cmd: C Specify center .. or [3P/2P/Ttr] : Ti dng nhc ny ta g 2P Specify first .: Nhp im u ca ng knh. Specify second end point .: Nhp im cui ca ng knh.

3. V ng trn i qua 3 im 3 Point (3P) Specify center .: Ti dng nhc ny ta g 3P Specify first point .: Nhp im u
Specify second point .: Nhp im th 2 Specify third point : Nhp im th 3

4. V ng trn tip xc vi i tng v c bn knh R.

Command: C Specify center point .[3P/2P/Ttr:T Specify point on object for first .:Chn i tng th nht ca ng trn .: Chn i tng th hai ca ng trn

tip xc.
Specify point on object for second

tip xc.
Specify radius .: Nhp bn knh 5. V ng trn tip xc vi 3 i tng: Menu Draw/Circle/tan tan tan Dng chut chn ln lt 3 i tng m ng trn tip xc. II. II. Lnh v cung trn Arc (A). C1: TOOLBAR C2: Menu Draw\ARC\ C3: cmd: A Autocad c 10 la chn khc nhau v cung trn. 1. V cun cung trn i qua 3 im. cmd: A

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- Specify start : Nhp im th ht Specify second point of .: Nhp im th 2 Specify end point of arc..: Nhp im th 3.

2. V cung trn vi im u, u, tm v im cui: Start, Center, End

Cmd: A ARC Specify start point of arc or [Center]: Chn im u Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: Kch chn tm, hoc nhp ta

tm
Specify end point of arc: Chn im cui.

3.. 3. . V cugn trn vi im u im cui v bn knh. knh. Start, End, Radius

Cmd: A ARC Specify start point of arc or [Center]:im u Specify second point of arc or [Center/End]: E Specify end point of arc: Chn im cui Specify center point of arc or [Angle/Direction/Radius]: Chn bn knh hay

ng knh, gc.(A,D,R) Specify radius of arc: Nhp s. Ngoi ra cn c chc nng khc tham kho thm.
IV. IV. Lnh v ng a tuyn Pline(PL). l ng c b rng nt thng dng v mi tn. C1: TOOLBAR C2: Menu Draw\Polyline C3: : cmd: PL Command: pl Specify start point: Nhp im bt u Current line-width is 0.0000:( chng ta ang v l ng 0.0000) Specify next point or Specify next point or [Arc/Close/Halfwidth/Length/Undo/Width]: Chn im tip theo hoc chn

cc thuc tnh sau. + ARC (A): V cung ng trn ni tip vi ng thng. + Close (C): ng ng pline bi 1 on thng line. + Halfwidth (H): nh na chiu rng phn on sp v.
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Specify starting : Nhp na gi tr chiu rng u. Specify ending .. : Nhp na gi tr chiu rng cui. + Width (W): nh chiu rng phn on sp v. Specify starting : Nhp gi tr chiu rng u. Specify ending ..: Nhp gi tr chiu rng cui. + Length (L): v mt phn on c chiu nh on thng trc. Specify length ..: Nhp chiu di phn on sp v. V. Lnh v a gic u Polygon (POL). C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Draw/ Polygon C3: cmd : POL Enter number of sides <4>: Nhp s cnh ca a gic. Specify center : Nhp to tm ca a gic Enter an option . <I>: Ni tip hay ngoi tip. chn I l ni tip, chn C l

ngoi tip.
Specify radius : Nhp gi tr bn knh. VI. VI. Lnh v hnh ch nht Rectang (REC). C1: TOOLBAR C2: Menu Draw/ Rectang C3: cmd: REC + Command: rec Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]:

Chn im u hoc chn phng php sau. Nu kch chn im ban u. [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: Nhp kch thc VD: @50,80
* Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: + Chamfer (C): Vt mp 4 nh. Command: rec Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: C Specify first chamfer .: Nhp gi tr cnh vt th nht VD: 4
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Specify second :Nhp gi tr cnh vt th hai VD: 4 Specify first :

Dng chut kch chn im bt u [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: Nhp gi tr di rng cho hnh ch nht VD: @50,100
+ Fillet (Bo trn cc nh) Command: REC Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: F

(Bo trn cc nh)

Specify fillet radius :Nhp bn knh

VD: 5
Specify first : Dng chut kch chn im bt u [Area/Dimensions/Rotation]: Nhp gi tr di rng cho hnh ch nht VD:@50,100 + Width(W): rng nt. [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: w Specify line width :Chn rng nt. VD:5 Specify first [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]:

Chn cc la cch v tng t pp trn. Ch : v li hnh ch nht nh bnh thng th ta vo lnh va v v chn thng s v 0.

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VII. VII. Lnh v Ellipse (EL). C1: TOOLBAR C2: Menu Draw/ Ellipse C3: cmd: EL * Command: EL Specify axis endpoint : Nhp im u trc th nht Specify other endpoint : Nhp im cui trc th nht Specify distance to : Nhp khong cch na trc th 2.

* Command: EL
Specify axis endpoint [Arc/Center]: C tc l chn tm cho elip. Specify center ..: Nhp to tm hoc kch chut chn to bt k. Specify endpoint : Nhp khong cch na trc th nht VD:@100<0 Specify distance : Nhp khong cch na trc th 2. VD:30 VIII. VIII. V ng Spline (SPL). C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Draw/spline C3: cmd: SPL Specify first point ..:Chn im th nht. Specify next point: Chn im tip theo Specify next point or [Close/Fit tolerance] Chn im tip theo hoc C

ng min li. Mun ngt lnh ny ta chn phm Enter 3 ln.

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IX.Lnh IX.Lnh v im Point (PO). C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Draw/point C3: cmd: PO Ch : - chn kiu im vo Format\point style. - Point size: Chn kch c im. - Set size Re : chn c im ph hp vi mn hnh. - Set size in Abso : Chn kiu im hp vi t l bn v.

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CHNG III. III. cc lnh chnh sa i tng I. Chia i tng thnh nhiu phn Divide (DIV). C1: Menu Draw\Point\Divide C2: cmd: DIV Command: DIV Select object ..: Chn i tng cn chia. Enter the number .: S on cn chia VD: 5 II. II.Lnh xo i tng Erase (E). C1: TOOLBAR C2: Menu Modify/ Erase C2: cmd: E Select objects: Chn i tng cn xo. III. III. Lnh phc hi i tng va xo OOPS cmd: OOPS IV. IV. Lnh hu b i tng va thc hin Undo (U). C1: TOOLBAR C2: Menu Edit/ Undo C3: cmd: U V. Lnh ti to li mn hnh v hay lm ti i tng Redraw (RE (RE) or viewres cmd: RE

( Lm trong thi m nht thi).

cmd: Viewres

Lm ti, mn i tng cho bn v lu di.

Command: viewres Do you want fast zooms? [Yes/No] <Y>: Enter circle zoom :20000 VI. VI. Lnh to i tng song song vi i tng cho trc offset (O). C1: Toolbar
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C2: Menu Modify/Offset C3: cmd: O Specify offset distance : Nhp khong cch gia 2 i tng song song. Select object :Chn i tng. Specify point on side :Chn hng bt k cho i tng cn to.

tip tc lnh
VII.Lnh VII.Lnh ct xn i tng Trim (TR). C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Modify/Trim C3: cmd: TR * Command: TR Select objects: Chn ng chn Select objects : Chn tip ng chn hoc ENTER kt thc vic la chn

ng chn.
Select object to trim: Chn i tng cn xn Select object to trim: Chn tip i tng xn hoc ENTER kt thc lnh. * Command: TR Select objects or : Select object : Chn i tng cn xn Select object to trim :Chn tip i tng xn hoc ENTER kt thc lnh. VIII. VIII. Lnh ko di i tng Extend. Extend. C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Modify/Trim C3: cmd: EX Select objects or <select all>: Chn ng chn. Select objects: Chn ng chn tip hoc ENTER thc thc vic la chn

ng chn.
Select object to extend :Chn i tng cn ko di.

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Select object to extend : Chn i tng cn ko di hoc ENTER kt thc

lnh.

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IX. IX. Lnh xn mt phn i tng gia gia 2 im chn Break (BR). C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Modify/ Break C3: cmd: BR *Chn 2 im Cmd: BR Select object: Chn on u cn xn Specify second :Chn on cui. *Chn i tng v 2 im Cmd: BR Select object: Chn i tng cn xn. Specify second [First point]: F Specify first .: Chn im th nht Specify second :Chn im th 2 *Chn 1 im Cmd: BR Select object: Chn i tng m ta mun xn ti im chn. Specify second .. :@ X. Lnh thay i chiu di i tng Lengthen (LEN). C1: Menu Modify/ Lengthen C2: cmd: LEN [DElta/Percent/Total/DYnamic]: + Nu chn DE (Thay i chiu di i tng bng cch nhp khong tng). [DElta/Percent/Total/DYnamic]: DE Enter delta .... :Nhp gi tr tng VD:10 Select an object... : Chn i tng.

+ Nu chn P tc l thay i chiu di i tng theo phn trm so vi tng chiu di i tng c chn.
[DElta/Percent ..:P Enter percentage :Nhp t l phn trm VD :150
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Select an object... : Chn i tng.

+ Chn T thay i tng chiu di i tng mi nhp vo. [DElta/Percent/Total/...:T

Specify total .:Nhp gi tr mi VD:700 Select an object : Chn i tng. XI: Lnh vt mp cc cnh Chamfer (CHA). C1 : TOOLBAR C2: Menu Modify/Chamfer C3 : cmd :CHA Select first line or [Undo/Polyline/Distance/Angle/Trim/mEthod]: Chn cc

thng s t ch vt mp. + Chn D (nhp 2 khong cch cn vt mp)

Select first [Undo /Distance..]: D Specify first :Nhp khong cch th nht VD: 5 Specify second : Nhp khong cch th 2 VD:5 Select first line: Kch chut chn cnh th nht v th 2 cn vt. + Chn A (cho php nhp khong cch th nht v gc vt). Select first [Angle/Trim/ ]: A Specify chamfer : Nhp khong cch th nht VD: 5 Specify chamfer angle : Nhp gc vt

VD: 45
Select first line: Kch chut chn cnh th nht v th 2 cn vt. + Chn T ( cho php ct b hoc khng ct b gc vt mp) Select first..[ /Trim..]: T Enter Trim mode... [Trim/No trim] <Trim>: La chn T hoc N la chn

ct hoc khng ct b gc vt. Sau la chn A hoc D nh trn vt mp. + Chn P vt mp tt c.

Sau khi nhp khong cch th ta chn tham s P vt mp tt c cc cnh ca Polyline.

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XII : Lnh vut 2 i tng Fillet (F). C1 : TOOLBAR C2: Menu Modify/Fillet C3: cmd: F Select first object or [Undo/Polyline/Radius/Trim ]:Chn cc tham s vut. + Chn R Nhp bn knh vut gc. Specify fillet radius : Nhp bn kinh gc vut VD: 3 Select first : Chn cnh th nht Select second :Chn cnh th 2. + Chn T ( cho php ct b hoc khng khng ct b gc bo trn) trn) Select first..[ /Trim..]: T Enter Trim mode option [Trim/No trim] <Trim>: La chn T hoc N la

chn ct hoc khng ct b gc c bo trn Sau la chn bo trn (vut) bng cch nhp bn knh. + Chn P sau khi nhp bn knh th th ta chn P bo trn ht cc cnh Polyline
XII XIII : Lnh di chuyn i tng Move (M). C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Modify/Move C3:cmd: M Select objects: Chn i tng. Select objects: Tip tc chn i tng hoc Enter kt thc vic la chn. Specify base point : Chn im chun hoc nhp khong ri (from) c th

dng phm chn ca chut, dng cc phng php truy bt im, to tuyt i, tng i. Specify second point: im m i tng ri n c th dng phm chn ca chut dng cc phng php truy bt im, to tuyt i tng i .

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XIV: XIV: Lnh sao chp i tng Copy(C Copy(CO (CO) C1: TOOLBAR C2: Menu Modify/copy C3: cmd: CO Select objects: Chn i tng Select objects: Tip tc chn i tng hoc Enter kt thc vic la chn. Specify base point..:Chn im chun hoc im bt k, c th dng phm

chn ca chut dng cc phng php truy bt im, to tuyt i, tng i. Specify second point: Chn v tr ca i tng sao chp, c th dng phm chn kt hp vi cc phng thc truy bt im.
XV: XV: Lnh xoay i tng xung quanh mt im Rotate (RO). C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Modify/Rotate C3: cmd: RO Select objects: Chn i tng Select objects: Chn tip i tng hoc enter kt thc vic la chn Specify base point: Chn tm quay Specify rotation angle or [Copy/Reference] : Ti y nu chn C th i tng

quay s c copy thm mt bn. Sau nhp gc hoc c th nhp gc quay lun.
XVI XVI: Lnh thu phng i tng theo t l scale(SC). C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Modify/scale C3: cmd: SC Select objects: Chn i tng Select objects: Chn tip i tng hoc enter kt thc vic la chn. Specify base point: Chn im chun thu phng.
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Specify scale [Copy]:Nhp h s t l . Hoc chn C (copy thm mt bn

gc)sau mi nhp gi tr.

XVII XVII: i xng qua trc Mirror (MI). (MI). II: Lnh i C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Modify/Mirror C3: cmd: MI Select objects: Chn i tng. Select objects:Tip tc chn i tng hoc enter kt thc vic la chn. Specify first : Chn im th nht P1 ca trc i xng. Specify second .: Chn im th 2 P2 ca trc i xng. Erase source objects? [Yes/No] <N>: Chn Y xo i tng gc hoc N

ko xo.
XVII XVIII: Lnh ri v ko gin i tng Stretch (S). C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Modify/stretch C3: cmd: S Lnh ri v ko gin i tng ,khi ko gin vn duy tr s dnh ni ca i tng.Cc i tng l on thng c ko gin ra hoc co li, ng trn ko th ko gin m ch di ri. Khi chn i tng s dng lnh ta dng phng thc la chn ko chut bng ca s. XIX: IX: Lnh sao chp i tng theo dy Array ((-AR hoc AR) C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Modify/array C3: cmd : -AR * Command: -AR Select objects: Chn i tng Select objects: Tip tc chn i tng hoc enter kt thc vic la chn. Enter the type of array : P (sao chp i tng chung quanh 1 tm Specify center point...: Chn tm. Enter the number ...: Nhp s cc bn cn sao chp ra.
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Specify the angle to fill (+=ccw, -=cw) <360>: Gc cho i tng sao chp ra

c th hoc + , nu khng mun i tng sao chp ra gc l 3600 th ta nhp gi tr khc VD: 900
Rotate arrayed objects? [Yes/No] <Y>: C quay i tng sao chp khng * Command: -ar Select objects: Chn i tng Select objects: Tip tc chn i tng hoc enter kt thc vic la chn Enter the type : Chn R( sao chp i tng ra hng, ct). Enter the number of rows: Nhp s hng Enter the number of columns: Nhp s ct Enter the distance between rows : Nhp khong cch gia cc ct khong

cch ny c th m hoc dng.

Specify the distance between columns:Nhp khong cch gia cc hng

khong cch ny c th m hoc dng. * Nu nhp AR xut hin hp thoi Array.

- Chn Rectang.. hoc Polar sao chp theo kiu hng ct hoc quanh mt tm. - Select..: Chn i tng. - Center poit: kch du nhn v chn tm quay. - Total number : Nhp s bn cn sao chp.. => OK
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Chng IV: IV: lm vic vi layer I. To lp mi Lnh Layer (LA). - Trong autocad cc i tng c cng mt chc nng c nhm thnh mt lp (layer). - Lp (Layer) l mt tp hp cc tnh cht nh loi ng nt (lin t), rng (m nht) mu sc... - Trong mt bn v c nhiu loi hnh v khc nhau v vy ta phi to ra nhiu lp th hin cho cc loi hnh v. V d : Nt chnh thnh 1 lp, mt ct kich thc 1 lp, v chn nt l continuous continuous, ous nt khut 1 ta s dng nt HIDDENS, HIDDENS nt tm ta s dng nt CENTER... CENTER

1. Cch to lp. lp.

C1 : Format/layer C2 : cmd : LA Xut hin hp thoi Layer properties...

Mun xa 1 lp c ta kch chn lp v nhn phm Delete hoc du gch cho , mun i tn th nhn F2. Mun to lp mi nhn nt New( biu tng t giy trng), sau chn tn VD: Net chinh Chn mu cho lp ta kch vo vung nh v chn mu.

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+ Chn loi ng nt : Trn ct Linetype , nu cha c loi ng nt cn dng th ta kch chn nt load xut hin hp thoi Select...

Chn loi ng nt cn thit Vd: Center2, hidden2 .c th dng phm trn bn phm nh nhn C 2 ln ta c Center2 Nhn H 2 ln ta c hidden2

Sau khi chn ng nt xong ta nhn OK. Thoat khi hp thoi Load or ta chn nt ph hp vi tn t.
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2. Cch s dng lp.

- i vi cc hnh v: Kch chn vo i tng cn thay i lp v chn lp cn dng mc Layer

- i vi cc hnh sp v Kch chn lp cn dng

Sau tin hnh v ( cc hnh ny s thuc lp va chn).

3. Cc lu khi s dng lp
- Thay i t l nt v cho c bn v ( nt t, nt tm) ti cmd: LTS sau g t l mi. VD: Cmd: lts Enter new . <1.0000>: 2 - Thay i t l nt cho tng i tng, ta chn i tng v nhn t hp phm Ctrl+1. + Linetype: Thay i t l nt v + Color: Thay i mu + Layer: Thay i layer + Lineweicht: Thay i kiu nt

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- Bt tt lp kch biu tng bang n. Nu cc lp tt th biu tng bng n khng sng v khng xut hin trn bn v, mun hin ln phi bt n sng tr li. - Kch biu tng kha th i tng ca lp ko chnh sa c. - ng bng (biu tng mt tri). Nu lp chn ng bng th khng hin ln mn hnh. - Ta nn to cc lp ring cho i tng. V d : + Nt m 1 lp, mu trng, nt l continuous + Nt khut 1 lp, mu khc nt m, ng nt l HIDDEN... + Nt tm 1 lp, mu ty chn, nt CENTER... c th chn kiu tm khc nhau ty quy nh.. + M ct v kch thc c th to chung 1 lp hoc 2, nn to 2 lp tin qun l.

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Chng V : lm vic vi block I. Lnh to khi block. Nhm cc i tng li thnh mt i tng duy nht gi l Block. 1. Lnh block. C1: TOOLBAR C2: Menu Draw\Block\Make C3: cmd: B Xut hin hp thoi Block Definition. - Pick poit: Ch nh im chun lm block - Select objects: Chn i tng nhm li. - Name: t tn cho block. -Retain: Gi i tng chn nh l cc i tng ring bit. - Convert to Block chuyn i tng chn thnh block sau khi to block. - Delete: xa i tng sau khi block. -> OK

2. Lnh lu Block thnh File dng nhiu ln ( Lnh Wblock). Wblock).

Cmd: W Xut hin hp thoai write block - Pick poit: Ch nh im chun lm block - Select objects: Chn i tng nhm li. -File Name: t tn file cho block.V lu file vo cng. * To file t i tng bn v. Chn Objects * To file t Block to t lnh B th chn Block v chn block cn to file.

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II. II. Lnh chn chn block vo bn v. C1: TOOLBAR C2: Menu Insert\Block C3: cmd: I - Name: Chn block to ra t lnh Block(B), hoc l Browse v chn file to ra t lnh Wblock OK->sau ch nh im chn.

III. Lnh ph v Block.

1. Ph v block bng lnh Expolde.

Cmd: X Select objects: Chn i tng Select objects: Tip tc chn i tng hoc Enter kt thc la chn.

2. Ph v block bng lnh Xplode.

Command: XP Select objects: Chn i tng Select objects: Tip tc chn i tng hoc

Enter kt thc vic la chn.

[All/Color/LAyer/LType/LWeight/Inherit from parent block/Explode]: Chn

cc kiu ph, theo layer, theo mu, theo ng nt

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Chng 6: ghi kch thc v vt liu I. To cc kiu kch thc. C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Dimension\Style C3: cmd: D Xut hin hp thoi sau: Dimension style Manager

+ Style: Danh sch cc kiu kch thc c sn trong bn v. + List: Chn cch lit k cc kiu kch thc. +Set Current: Gn mt kiu kch thc ang chn lm hin hnh. + New: To kiu kch thc mi lm xut hin hp thoi creat new dimension style

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t tn cho kiu kch thc sau nhn Continue sau gn cc ch cho kiu kch thc ny. + Modify: Hiu chnh cc kch thc c sn. + Override: Hin thi hp thoi Override Dimension Style trong c th gn chng tm thi cc bin kch thc trong kiu kch thc hin hnh.Autocad ch gn chng ch khng ghi li trong danh sch style + Compare: Hin th hp thoi Compare Dimension Style trong ta c th so snh gi tr cc bin gia 2 kiu kch thc.

1. To kiu kch thc mi.

to kiu kch thc mi ta chn New khi xut hin hp thoi New Dimension style.

t tn v chn continue

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2. Trang Lines. Lines.

+ Color: Chn mu cho ng ging. + Linetype: Chn kiu nt + Lineweight: nh chiu rng nt v cho ng ging. + Suppress: B cc ng ging. + Extend beyond dim line: Khong cch nh ra khi ng kch thc. + Extend beyond ticks: Khong cch kch thc nh ra khi ng ging. + Offset from origin: Khong cch t gc ng ging n vt o.

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3. Trang Symbol and Arrows. Arrows.

+ Arrowsheads: Thit lp mi tn ca ng kch thc. + Arrows size: Kch thc mi tn.

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4. Trang Text

+ Text style: Chn kiu ch. + Text color: Chn mu cho ch. + Text hight: Chn chiu cao ch + Vertical:Chn kiu ch trn, di hoc gia ng ging. + Horizontal: + Text style kch chn vung xut hin hp thoi text style. + Font name: Chn kiu ch + height: Chn chiu cao cho ch + Font style: Chn kiu ch, nghing, bo Sau chn Apply-> Close

+ offet from dim line: Khong cch ch so vi ng ging. + ISO standard: Kch thc theo tiu chun.
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5. Trang Primary Units

nh cc thng s lin quan n hnh dng v ln ca ch s kch thc. Gn dng v chnh xc ca n v di v gc - Linear dimensions: Gn dng v n v cho kch thc di. + Unit format: Gn dng cho tt c cc kch thc tr gc + Precision: Gn cc s thp phn c ngha +Decimal Separator: Gn du tch gia s nguyn v s thp phn. + Round: Gn quy tc lm trn s. + Scale factor: Gn h s t l o chiu di cho tt c cc dng kch thc tr kch thc gc.

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6. Trang Alternate Units.

Gn cc n v lin kt, gn dng v chnh xc n v chiu di, gc, kch thc, t l o ca n v lin kt.

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7. Trang Tolerances.
iu khin s v hnh dng ca ch s dung sai

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II. Cc lnh ghi kch thc thng. thng.

1. Ghi kch thc nm ngang v thng ng.

C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Dimension\Linear C3: cmd: DLI Command: dli Specify first extension : im gc ng ging th nht Specify second extension..: im gc ng ging th hai Specify dimension [Mtext/Text/Angle/..]: Chn im nh v tr ng

kch thc hoc nhp ta tng i.Nu nhp M xut hin hp thoi Text Formatting. Trn hph thoi ny ta nhp ch s kch thc. 2. Ghi kch thc theo ng nghing
C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Dimension\Aligned C3: cmd: DAL Command: dal Specify first extension : im gc ng ging th nht Specify second extension ..: im gc ng ging th hai Specify dimension .[Mtext/Text/Angle]: Chn im nh v tr ng

kch thc hoc nhp ta tng i.Nu nhp M xut hin hp thoi Text Formatting. Trn hph thoi ny ta nhp ch s kch thc. 3. Ghi kch thc song song vi kch thc c sn.
C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Dimension\Baseline C3: cmd: DBA Nu ta ghi chui kch thc song song vi kch thc va ghi (Kch thc P1P2) th tin hnh nh sau: Command: DBA Specify a second extension..: Gc ng ging th 2 P3 Specify a second extension : Gc ng ging th 2 P4

..
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Specify a second extension

: Enter hoc ESC ngt lnh.

4. Ghi chui kch thc thc ni tip vi mt kch thc c sn.

C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Dimension\Continue C3: cmd: DCO Nu ta ghi chui kch thc song song vi kch thc va ghi (Kch thc P1P2) th tin hnh nh sau: Command: DBA Specify a second extension..: Gc ng ging th 2 P3 Specify a second extension : Gc ng ging th 2 P4

..
Specify a second extension : Enter hoc ESC ngt lnh.

III. Cc lnh ghi kch thc hng tm

1. Ghi kch thc ng knh.

C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Dimension\Diameter C3: cmd: DDI Command: DDI Select arc or circle: Chn ng trn ti 1 im bt k Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: Chn v tr ng kch

thc. 2. Ghi kch thc bn knh.

C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Dimension\Radius C3: cmd: DRA Command: DRA Select arc or circle: Chn ng trn hoc cung trn ti 1 im bt k Specify dimension line location or [Mtext/Text/Angle]: Chn v tr ng kch

thc.
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3. Lnh v ng tm
C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Dimension\Center mark C3: cmd: DCE Command: DCE Select arc or circle: Chn ng trn hoc cung trn ti 1 im bt k IV: Lnh ghi kch thc khc

Ghi kch thc gc.

C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Dimension\Angular C3: cmd: DAN Command: DAN Select arc, circle, line, or <specify vertex>: Chn on thng th nht Select second line: Chn on thng th hai Specify dimension [Mtext/Text/Angle]: V tr ng kch thc V: Lnh hiu chnh kch thc

1. Thay i v tr v phng ca ch s kch thc.

Cmd: DIMTED Select dimension: Chn kch thc cn hiu chnh Specify new ..[Left/Right/Center/Home/Angle]: Di ch s kch thc n v

tr cn thit hoc chn L, R, C 2. iu chnh gi tr, v tr, gc quay ca ch s kch thc.

Command: DED Enter type of dimension editing [Home/New/Rotate/Oblique] : - Home: a ch s kch thc v v tr ban u khi ghi kch thc. Enter type of dimension editing [Home/New/Rotate/Oblique] <Home>: H Select objects: Chn kch thc cn hiu chnh Select objects: Chn tip hoc ENTER ngt lnh - New: Thay i ch s cho kch thc ghi.

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- Rotate: Quay ch s kch thc Enter type of dimension editing [Home/New/Rotate/Oblique] <Home>:R Specify angle for dimension text: Nhp gc quay Select objects: Chn ch s kch thc VI: Lnh ghi dung sai TOLERANCE (TOL). C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Dimension/ tolerance C3 : cmd: TOL

Ch : v mi tn ta dng lnh cmd: LE VII: V k hiu vt liu

1. Gch vt liu
C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Draw\Hatch C3: cmd: H - Trang Hatch: + Type: Chn mu vt liu + Pattem : Chn tn mu + Swatch : Hin th hnh nh cc mu + Add Pick point : Chn im trong vng vt liu

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+ Add select ojects: Chn bin dng gch vt liu. + Preview: Xem th + Angle: Nhp nghing + Scale: T l cho vt liu - Trang Gradient

+ One color : Xc nh vng t s dng s bin i gia bng v mu nn sng ca mt mu. + Two color : Xc nh vng t s dng s bin i gia bng v mu nn sng ca hai mu. Chn vng gch vt liu tng t nh trang Hatch.

2. Hiu chnh vt liu.

C1: Menu Modify\object\Hatchedit C3: cmd: HE Hoc c th kch p chute vo vt liu cn hiu chnh.

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ChngVII ChngVII: VII: nhp v chnh sa vn bn, in bn v I. Trnh t nhp v hiu chnh vn bn

1. Trnh t nhp vn bn.

to mt i t ng vn bn trong bn v AutoCAD thng th ng ta tin h nh theo cc b c sau: * To kiu ch cho vn bn bng lnh Style * Nhp k t hoc on vn bn bng lnh Text (hoc MText) * Hiu chnh ni dung vn bn th hin bng lnh Ddedit on vn bn trong Autocad cng l mt i t ng (t ng ng cc i t ng Line, Arc, Rectangle...) do vy cng c th c sao chp, ct dn t ng t nh cc i t ng khc ca Autocad. iu cng c ngha l vn bn trong AutoCAD u c hiu nh cc i t ng ho do nu trong bn v c cha qu nhiu vn bn th khi thc hin cc lnh thu phng s b chm, khc phc tnh trang Autocad cho php s dng lnh Qtext thay th cc dng ch (on vn bn) bng mt mt khung hnh ch nht

a. To kiu ch.
C1: Menu Format\Text Style C2: cmd: ST Xut hin hp thai

+ New: t tn cho kiu ch cn khai bo + Font Name : chn Font ch ca kiu nh to (v d chn Font .VnTimeH) + Font Style : kiu ch th hin (bnh th ng, ch m, ch nghing...)

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+ Height : chiu cao ca ch. Nu nhp tr s chiu cao =0 (mc nh) th mi khi nh lnh Text hoc MText s c li nhc yu cu nhp chiu cao ch s xut hin. Nu tr s Height c nhp v o ti ay l tr s >0 th k t y mi k t vit ra m n hnh u c cng chiu cao l Height. - Upside down : dng ch i xng theo ph ng ngang - Backwards : dng ch i xng theo thng ng - Width factor : h s nn ch theo ph ng ngang. Nu h s l <1 ch s b nn li, ng c li ch s c gi n rng ra theo ph ng ngang. - Oblique Angle : nghing ca dng ch so vi ph ng ngang . Ch : Khi chn cc font trong AUTOCAD th ta nn chn kiu g ph hp VIETKEY hoc UNIKEY.VD Nu chn font ch bn v l .vntime g ting vit th b g vietkey ta chn bng m TCVN3. Nu chn font ch bn v l Arial g ting vit th b g vietkey ta chn bng m Unicode.

b. Nhp ch cho vn bn
C1: Toolbar C2: Menu Draw\Text\Multiline Text C3: cmd: T Kch chn theo ca s v nhp vn bn.

2. Hiu Hiu chnh vn bn

C1: Menu Modify\Object\Text C2: cmd: ED Chn i tng vn bn cn chnh sa( Cc ng kch thc, vn bn ) Lnh DDEDIT cho php thay i ni dung cc dng ch v cc nh ngha thuc tnh ta c th gi lnh ED hoc l nhp p chut vo dng ch cn hiu chnh sau chn OK.

3. Cc m iu khin cc k t c bit.
Ch : font Arial %%C Du (f)

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%%D %%P V d:%%c30-0.05^ V d:%%c30^-0.05 V d:%%c300.05^-0.05

Du (0) Du ( ) f30-0.05 f30-0.05 f 30 0.05

0.05

II. In bn v

1. Thit lp trc khi in

Vo File/page setup Manager xut hin hp thoi. + New: To bng kiu in mi + Chn kiu hin hin hnh. + Modify: Hiu chnh kiu in

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thit lp kiu in vo Modify xut hin hp thoi Page setup

+ Name: Chn my in + Paper size: Chn kh giy + Drawing orientation: Portait, Landscape Chn kh ng hoc ngang. + Preview: Xem th bn in + What to plot: Chn windows (chn vng cn in) + Center the plot: Bn v gia kh giy. + Plot style table: chn kiu acad.ctb. Kch chn edit( vung)xut hin hp thoi. Plot style: Chn kiu mu cn thay i Color: gn kiu mu c in ra Linetype: Gn kiu ng c in ra Lineweight: gn rng nt v ( nu mun ng rng nt v khng c

trong bng danh sch th chn Edit Lineweight v nhp rng nt mi)
Fill style: Gn kiu t c

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Sauk hi thit lp chn Save& Close, ti hp thoi Page setup chn OK=> Close

2. In bn v
C1: Toolbar C2: Menu File/Plot C3: cmd: plot Xut hin hp thoi Plot + Chn OK in + Preview: Xem th ( mun in kch chut phi chn plot) Mun in bn v khc ta chn windows v chn vng cn in => Apply to layout => OK

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Chng VIII: VIII mt s lnh hiu chnh nhanh I. Lnh laytrans trong AutoCAD Khi bn nhn bn v t ngi khc, hay mt bn v v nhiu ngi v hoc ni cc file vo nhau. Layer s rt ln xn. Lm sao n gin ho v tiu chun ho layer bn v? Layer trans s l s la chn tuyt vi ca bn lc ny. Ti dng lnh cmd: laytrans Trn menu: Trong layer Translator, bn ch nh layer trong file hin hnh m bn mun chuyn, ri layer m bn mun chuyn ti.

Giao din lnh laytrans Translate From Ch nh layer s c chuyn trong bn v hin hnh. Bn c th ch nh layer bng cch chn layer trong danh sch Translate From hoc bng cch s

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dng h tr lc chn. Mu sc pha trc biu tng mu ca tn layer xc nh v tr nh x hoc khng nh x trong bn v. Mt biu tng ti xc nh rng layer c nh x, mt biu tng trng xc nh layer khng nh x. Cc layer khng nh x c th c xa khi bn v bng cch phi chut trong danh sch Translate From v chn Purge Layers. Filter Layer Cc layer c ch nh c chn trong danh sch Translate From, c th s dng k t i din (VD: *, ?, #,...) cho tn. Load Ti cc layer trong danh sch Translate To s dng mt bn v thng, mt bn v mu, hoc mt file tiu chun m bn ch nh. Nu file c ch nh cha layer mappings, nhng nh x ny s c p dng cho layer trong danh sch Translate From v hin th ti Layer Translation Mappings. Bn c th ti cc layer t nhiu file. Nu bn ti mt file cha layer cng tn vi layer c load, layer gc s c gi li, layer trng s b b qua. Cng nh vy khi bn load mt file cha nh x layer trng vi file layer gc. New nh ngha mt tn layer c hin th trong danh sch Translate To chuyn i. Nu bn chn mt layer Translate To trc khi chn New, thuc tnh layer c chn s c s dng nh mc nh ca layer mi. Bn khng th to mt layer mi cng tn vi layer c. Layer Translation Mappings Lit k mi layer c chuyn v thuc tnh ca mi layer s c chuyn i. Bn c th chn cc layer trong danh sch ny v thay i thuc tnh s dng phm edit. Edit: M hp thoi Edit Layer, hiu chnh layer bn cn chuyn. Bn c th thay i linetype, mu sc v lineweight ca layer. Nu ton b bn v c chuyn s dng plot style, bn c th thay i plot style cho nh x layer. Remove: Loi b nh x chuyn i c chn t danh sch Layer
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Translation Mapping. Save: Lu nh x chuyn i layer hin hnh vo file s dng cho sau ny. nh x Layer c ghi vo file c nh dng DWG hoc DWS. Bn c th ghi vo file c sn hoc to mt file mi. Layer Translator to cc layer nh x trong file v cha bn nh x layer trong mi layer. Tt c cc linetype s dng bi cc layer cng c copy vo file. Settings: M hp thoi Setting, ni bn c th ty bin qu trnh chuyn i layer. Translate: Bt u chuyn i layer theo bn nh x bn va chn. Nu bn cha lu bn nh x layer hin hnh, bn s c nhc nh lu bn trc khi thc hin chuyn i. Bng setting ca laytrans iu khin qu trnh chuyn i layer: Force Object Color to BYLAYER: Xc nh mi i tng c chuyn i my sc theo layer ca chng hay khng. Nu option ny c chn, mi i tng mang mu theo layer ca chng. Nu option ny khng c chn, mu ca mi i tng theo mu gc ca chng. Force Object Linetype to BYLAYER: Ging nh trn nhng l Linetype. Translate Objects in Blocks: Xc nh i tng nm trong block c c chuyn i hay khng. Nu c chn, i tng nm trong block s c chuyn v ngc li. Write Transaction Log: Ch nh c ghi li kt qu chi tit trong file log hay khng. Nu option ny c chn, mt file log s c to trong th mc cha bn v chuyn i. File log c gn cng mt tn file chuyn i. V ngc li. Show Layer Contents When Selected: Xc nh cc layer hin th trong phn bn v. Nu option ny c chn, ch nhng layer c chn trong hp thoi Layer Translator hin th trong bn v. Nu option ny khng c chn, tt c layer trong bn v s c hin th.

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II. II. Lnh Find: a. Cng dng: Tm v thay i nhanh cc i tng c la chn... v thay i mt s ch m trong bn v rt nhiu khng th kch tong file sa c. b. Ra lnh - cmd: FIND - Kch chut phi ln nn cad v chn Find Trn hp thoi ta chn Select Objects (vung c hnh con chut bn phi hp thoi) Find text string vit tn trong bn v Replace with: vit ch cn thay th. Sau Kch Replace all. III. III. Lnh Quick Select: a. Cng dng: Tm nhanh v la chn nhng i tng m bn mun . b. Ra lnh - Trn Toolbar => Tools => Quick Select - cmd: Quick Select - Kch chut phi ln nn autocad chn Quick Select

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=> Cng nh lnh Find trc tin l "la chn vng i tng" m ta cn tm, bng cch bm vo "phm vung nh" bn phi > la chn vng min cn tm i tng > nhn chut phi quay li hp thot Quick Select => Tip n, ti Object type ta chn kiu i tng m cn tm ( y chn i tng l Multiple;cng c th tm vi Mtext ; Line .... => Ti Properties chn mt trong nhng la chn a ra (v d: chn mu i tng cn tm, chn layer cn tm, chn chiu dy...v..v) Chn Color > chn tt c cc i tng c Color (mu sc) m mnh mun chn... => Gi nguyn la chn =Equals => Ti Value > c th chn mu sc cho i tng cn tm => Bm OK vy l ta chn nhanh cc i tng m mnh mun (cc gi tr khc gi nguyn, c th tm hiu thm.) => sau khi la chn tt c cc i tng c mu sc ,Bm CTRL + 1 => vo Properties => tha h chnh sa i tng theo bn IV. Du nhy n " ' " Du nhy n " ' " c dng km vi cc lnh khc to hiu qu cao trong khi v. Mt s v d c th nh sau:

1. Dng du nhy n kt hp vi lnh Cal (my tnh).

ng dng: Khi ang mun Offset mt i tng i mt khong cch m cn phi tnh ton bn lm nh sau. Ti dng Command g O => 'Cal => Expression: g cng thc v d 2200/3 chng hn; chn i tng cn offset v hng offset. Kt thc lnh i tng s c Offset ng 1 khong bng 2200/3.

2. Dng du nhy n kt hp vi lnh Pan: Khi ang thc hin mt lnh bt

k bn mun kch hot lnh pan m khng lm mt lnh hin thi bn g " 'Pan " s hin ra bn tay, bn c th dch chuyn mn hnh ti im cn v ri g Enter kt thc lnh Pan v thc hin tip lnh hin thi.

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Gio trnh Autocad2007

V. Lnh Filter. y l mt lnh rt hay, n b tr rt nhiu cho chng ta trong qu trnh chnh sa bn v. N gip chng ta lc cc i tng cn chn mt cch nhanh nht. ng dng: y l mt lnh dng b tr cho cc lnh khc. V d mun xa tt c cc ng kch thc chng hn, quy trnh lm nh sau: Command: FI Trn mn hnh hin th mn hnh Objects selection

Trong mc Select filter n vo nt tam gic v chn Layer (V tt c nt kch thc c v bng lp Kich thuoc).

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Gio trnh Autocad2007

Sau khi chn layer nhn tri chut vo nt Select, hin th ln tn tt c cc lp c khai bo trong bn v, ko con tr xung v n tri chut vo Kich thc, ri nhn Ok.

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Gio trnh Autocad2007

Quay lai ca s Objects selection, bn n tri chut vo nt Add to list, s thy dng Layer = Kich thc pha trn (Kt thc vic chn i tng lc).

Tip theo n qu trnh lc i tng: n tri chut vo nt Apply gc di bn phi n hin ra mt vung cn di dng lnh hin th cu nhc >>Select Objects = Chn i tng cn chn vng lc i tng. Nh hnh di vng chn chnh l hnh ch nht mu trng. Khi tt c i tng c c v bng lp Kich thuoc s c chn.

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Gio trnh Autocad2007

Di dng lnh vn hin th Select Objects: Bn n Enter 2 ln lin tip thc hin lnh xa tt c cc i tng lp Kich thuoc. VI . t phm tt. Menu Tools\Custumize\Edit Custom Files\Program Parameters (acad.pgp) v sa cc lnh tt trong ri save li. Nn nguyn cc lnh tt c thit lp li khi cn. Nu qun lnh tt to ra, mun gi li lnh c ch cn g du "." trc cc lnh tt mc nh l c. Sau khi save file li xong, dng nhp lnh bn g lnh reinit, reinit kch chn vo PGP file, OK!!! thit lp li ci t. Nu khng lm nh th ny, th chng trnh s nhn ci t ln khi ng sau. V d: i lnh CO thnh CC REC=RR VII. VII. Mt s lnh khc - Phc hi bn cad b xo hoc out gia chng. M folder cha bn v i tn file *..bak thnh *.dwg -Chc nng khi bn dng lnh filet c bn knh khi nhn Shift th cad s hiu r =0.

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Gio trnh Autocad2007

-Chc nng khi bn v line, pline khi nhn Shift th n c tc dng nh khi bn nhn F8 (mc d ta tt chc nng ortho ri). - Khi chn i tng ri nu mun lc b bt gi Shift chn i tng hoc ko cha c\s chn vng i tng. - TRIM (Enter 2 ln) + Shift = EXTEND v ngc li - Shift+Right Click =Hin danh sch cc phng thc truy bt im. . V d: bn mun thc hin lnh Extend nhng l tay bm lnh Trim Cch thc hin lnh Extend t lnh Trim nh th ny: Command: t : nh lnh Trim (nhng bn mun nxtend) TRIM Current settings: Projection=UCS, Edge=None Select cutting edges ... Select objects: Specify opposite corner: 1 found (Chnh chn i tng l hng ro cn extend .) Select objects: Enter thi chn i tng na Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]: Chn i tng cn Extend (phi nhn thm phm Shift) Select object to trim or shift-select to extend or [Project/Edge/Undo]: Enter xong bn mun thc hin lnh Trim nhng l tay bm lnh Extend : ngc li. - cmd: MA Qut chn i tng. - V i tng nhp to V d: - Command: c CIRCLE Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: from Base point: <Offset>: @30,60 ( x=30, y=60) Specify radius of circle or [Diameter]: d
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Specify diameter of circle:30 Da vo ti v hnh sau. Da vo h to x,y OK Hon thanh bn v mt s lnh khc.

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