FORCED DRAFT COOLING TOWER

A Project Submitted in Partial Fulfillment for the award of Degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
In

MECHANICAL ENGINEERING

By SHAKIL ANWAR (0912740099)

UNDER THE SUPERVISION OF

Mr. ANKIT MANRAL

IIMT ENGINEERING COLLEGE

Affiliated to Gautam Buddha Technical University (Formerly Uttar Pradesh Technical University) LUCKNOW

April, 2013
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CERTIFICATE

TO WHOM IT MAY CONCERN

This is to certify that SHAKIL ANWAR (0912740099) student of. I. I. M T. Engineering College, Meerut has undergone Major Project from 18 th Oct, 2012 to 28th Apr, 2013 in our college to fulfil the requirements for the award of degree of B.Tech (M.E) from Gautam Buddha Technical University, Lucknow under our supervision. The Project embodies results of original work, and studies are carried out by the students themselves and the contents of the Project do not form the basis for the award of any other degree to the candidate or to anybody else from this or any other Institution.. He worked on FORCED DRAFT COOLING TOWER under my supervision (ANKIT MANRAL). During this period he tenure with us and I found him sincere and hard working. I wish him a great success in the future.

PROJECT GUIDE

ANKIT MANRAL Professor of Mechanical IIMT ENGINEERING COLLEGE MEERUT

Col. V.K. Tomar HOD of ME Department

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ABSTRACT

The discovery of Forced draft cooling tower led to a large number of inventions. Being able to turn Fan on and off, the great Extent of cooling, and being able to vary the cooling by varying the electrical current are characteristics of Forced draft cooling tower used in many Industries. Some devices reverse the characteristics to create another class of devices. Questions you may have include: How much velocity of air should maintain for effective cooling. What is varying by the variation of air velocity? How can some inventions be reversed? Water evaporation water cooling device by means of mechanical stream of air is known as forced draft cooling tower. Such towers are used in steam power plant, Cold storage, Refrigeration and other industries.. In this project We will make a working model of Forced draft cooling tower. Materials needed for this experiment such as metal parts, wood and other necessary things can be found at home or purchased locally.

Things to remember about Forced draft cooling tower.

The more height of tower will result in more cooling of water. Porous material of tower will give better performance of tower. iii. Low wet bulb temperature of air will give better cooling.

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ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would like to express my heartfelt gratitude to all those who helped and encouraged me in making the project. First of all I would like to express my thanks to my project guider Mr. ANKIT MANRAL for providing me all the necessary equipments and sharing his ideas. Sincere thanks goes to Mr. V.K TOMAR (HOD of mechanical department) who permit me and my team members to fulfil the requirements and to do the work in college workshop. I am also thankful to my team members Vivek Singh, Anuj Panday, Dharmendra Kumar, Rahul Chauhan, and Ravikant Awasthi for their co operation and interest in project. With feeling of joy and thanks, I have placed in your hand my project report. It is my pleasant privileges to thank all those who have help me in completing my project report. Without their guidance, cooperation and best wishes it would have been difficult for me to complete my dissertation project. A big thanks to all those who have helped me by sparing time amidst their busy schedule and for being kind enough to help me whenever I needed them. Finally I am thankful to all the respected teacher of IIMT Eng. College, Meerut, especially Prof. ANKIT MANRAL for providing me the necessary information, cooperation in Seminar report and providing all the equipments required.

SHAKIL ANWAR.

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LIST OF FIGURES
Fig1.1 Fig1.2 Fig1.3 Open cooling tower. Closed cooling tower. Industrial cooling tower.

Fig2.1 Fig3.1 Fig3.2 Fig3.4 Fig 3.5 Fig 3.6 Fig 4.1

Block diagram. D.C motor. Winding of dc. Motor Fan Pump Switch Counter flow type tower

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LIST OF SYMBOLS
Voltage of air flow Height of tower. Mechanical power Electrical power
Efficiency

=V =H = Pm =Pe,
=

Voltage Current Torque Angular velocity Head developed Pressure Density Acceleration due to gravity Heat

=V I =T

=
=H (m) =P = (kg/m3) =g =Q

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LIST OF NOMENCULATURE AND NOTATIONS

C M E W D BTU WBT DBT HWT CWT LH SH

= Circulating water = Make up water = Evaporated water = Wind age (drift) loss = Draw off water = British thermal unit = Wet Bulb Temperature = Dry Bulb Temperature = Hot water inlet temperature = Cold water outlet temperature = Latent Heat = Sensible Heat

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TABLE OF CONTENTS
Sr. No CONTENTS
Certificate Abstract Acknowledgement List of Figures List of Symbols and Abbreviations List of Notations vii

Page No
ii iii iv v vi

1. 2. 3. 3.1 3.2 4. 5. 6. 7. 7.1 7.2 8. 9.

Introduction Types of cooling system. Classification By use. HVAC cooling tower. Industrial cooling tower. Aim of project. Heat transfer method. Cooling water treatment. Types of cooling system. Open cooling system Closed cooling system Plate form used. Working of project. a. Cooling range b. Heat load c. Wet bulb temperature

1 3 5 6 7 8 9 10 11

13 15

10.

Components of project. a. Structure

19

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b. Fan c. Pump d. Switch 11. 12. 13. 14. 15. 16. 17. 18. Layout of project. Cooling tower Material. Capacity of cooling tower. Performance of cooling Tower. Economics. Advantages. Applications. References. 33 38 42 45 51 52 56 57

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