Coimisin na Scrduithe Scrduithe Stit Stit State Examinations Examinations Commission State Commission Leaving Certificate Certicate 2012

2012 Marking Scheme Scheme

Applied Mathematics Design and Communication Graphics

Higher Level

General Guidelines 1 Penalties of three types are applied to candidates' work as follows: Slips Blunders Misreading - numerical slips - mathematical errors - if not serious S(1) B(3) M(1)

Serious blunder or omission or misreading which oversimplifies: - award the attempt mark only. Attempt marks are awarded as follows: 2 The marking scheme shows one correct solution to each question. In many cases there are other equally valid methods. 5 (att 2).

1.

(a)

A particle falls from rest from a point P. When it has fallen a distance 196 m a second particle is projected vertically downwards from P with initial velocity 392 m s 1 . The particles collide at a distance d from P. Find the value of d.

2 s = ut + 1 2 ft 2 196 = 0 + 1 2 gt

t=2s d = 0+ 1 2 g (t + 2)
2 d = 392t + 1 2 gt 2

5 5 5

1 2

2 g ( t + 2 ) = 392t + 1 2 gt 2

t 2 + 4t + 4 = 8t + t 2 t =1
2

d = 0+ 1 2 g (t + 2) = 49 9 = 441 m

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1.

(b)

A car, starts from rest at A, and accelerates uniformly at 1 m s 2 along a straight level road towards B, where AB = 1914 m. When the car reaches its maximum speed of 32 m s 1 , it continues at this speed for the rest of the journey. At the same time as the car starts from A a bus passes B travelling towards A with a constant speed of 36 m s 1 . Twelve seconds later the bus starts to decelerate uniformly at 075 m s 2 . (i) (ii) The car and the bus meet after t seconds. Find the value of t. Find the distance between the car and the bus after 48 seconds.

(i)

car

32 = 0 + 1(t ) t = 32

v = u + ft

32 2 = 0 + 2(1)s s = 512

v 2 = u 2 + 2 fs

5, 5

bus

2 s = ut + 1 2 ft

= 36 12 + 0 s = 432 1914 = s c + s b

( 3 )(t 12) = {512 + 32(t 32 )} + 432 + 36(t 12) + 1 2 4

}
5

0 = 3t 2 616t + 19840 t = 40 s (ii) car

2 s = ut + 1 2 ft

= 32 8 + 0 = 256 bus v = u + ft = 36 3 4 ( 40 12 ) v = 15
2 s = ut + 1 2 ft

3 = 15 ( 8 ) + 1 2 ( 4 ) ( 64 )

s = 96 distance = 256 + 96 = 352 m 5 25

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2.

(a)

Rain is falling with a speed of 25 m s 1 at an angle of 20 to the vertical. A car is travelling along a horizontal road into the rain. The windscreen of the car makes an angle of 32 with the vertical. The car is travelling at 20 m s 1 . Find the angle at which the rain appears to strike the windscreen.

25 m s 1

Vr = 25sin20 i 25cos 20 j Vc = 20 i + 0 j Vrc = Vr Vc =

5 5

= 2855 i 2349 j

( 25sin20 + 20 )

i 25cos 20 j

5 5

= tan 1

2855 + 32 2349

= 8255.

20

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(b)

At noon ship A is 50 km north of ship B. Ship A is travelling southwest at 24 2 km h 1 . Ship B is travelling due west at 17 km h 1 . (i) Find the magnitude and direction of the velocity of B relative to A. A and B can exchange signals when they are not more than 20 km apart.
(ii) (iii)

At what time can they begin to exchange signals? How long can they continue to exchange signals?

(i)

V BA = V B V A = ( 17 i + 0 j ) ( 24 i 24 j ) = 7 i + 24 j VBA = 25

= tan 1

7 24

A 50 B E D

(ii)

AD = 50sin = 50

7 = 14 25

CD = 202 142 = 2 51 = 12829 BC = 50cos 142829 = 50 24 142829 = 337171 25

BC = 13487 25 time = 13 : 21 t BC = (iii) CE = 2 CD = 285658 CE = 11426 25 time = 1 h 9 min tCE =

5 5 30

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3.

(a)

A particle is projected with a speed of 98 m s 1 at an angle to the horizontal. The range of the particle is 9408 m. Find (i) the two values of
(ii)

the difference between the two times of flight.

(i)

98cos .t = 9408 96 t= cos 98sin .t 49t 2 = 0 96 98sin 49 =0 cos sin 2 = 096 2 = 7374 , 10626

= 3687 , 5313
9.6 cos 387 = 1200 96 cos 5313 = 1600

(ii)

t1 =

t2 =

t2 t1 = 4 s.

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(b)

20 A particle is projected down an inclined 1 plane with initial velocity 20 m s . The line of projection makes an angle of 90 with the inclined plane and the plane is Q inclined at to the horizontal. The plane of projection is vertical and contains the line of greatest slope. The particle strikes the plane at Q. The range of the 1600 3 . Find particle on the inclined plane is g
(i) (ii)

the value of the magnitude of the rebound velocity at Q if the coefficient of 1 restitution is . 2 rj = 0 5 5

(i)

g cos t 2 = 20t 1 2 t=

0 40 g cos 1600 3 g 1600 3 g 1600 3 g

ri = g sin t 2 = 0t + 1 2
1 2

5 5

g sin

1600 g cos 2
2

sin

= 2 3 cos 2 = 60 0 + g sin t = g 3 80 = 40 3 g 2 1 80 20 g cos t = 20 g = 20 2 g

vi = vj =

(ii)

vi =

40 3

v j = 10 v = v =

(40 3 )
70 m s 1

+ (10 )

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4.

(a)

Two particles A and B each of mass m are connected by a light inextensible string passing over a light, smooth, fixed pulley. Particle A rests on a rough plane inclined 5 at to the horizontal, where tan = . 12 Particle B hangs vertically 1 m above the ground. The coefficient of friction between 1 A and the inclined plane is . 2 The system is released from rest.
(i) (ii)

B A 1m

Find the speed with which B strikes the ground. How far will A travel after B strikes the ground?
T T R mgcos

R mgsin

mg 5 5

(i)

mg T = mf T mg sin 1 2 mg cos = mf mg 5mg 6mg = 2mf 13 13 g f = 13 v 2 = u 2 + 2 fs g = 0 + 2 1 13 2g v= 13

(ii)

v 2 = u 2 + 2 fs 0= 2g 11g + 2 s 13 13 1 s= m. 11

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(b)

Two particles of mass m kg and 2m kg lie m at rest on horizontal rough tables. The coefficient of friction between each 2 particle and the table it lies on is < . 3 The particles are connected by a light inextensible string which passes under a smooth movable pulley of mass 4m kg. The system is released from rest.
(i) (ii)

2m 4m

Find, in terms of m and , the tension in the string. If the acceleration of the m kg mass is f, find the acceleration of the 2m kg mass in terms of f. T ( mg ) = mf 5 5 5

(i)

T ( 2mg ) = 2mp

4mg 2T = 4m 1 2 ( f + p) = 2mf + 2mp 4mg 2T = 2T 2 mg + T 2 mg T= 4mg (1 + ) 5 T ( mg )

(ii)

mf = =

4mg (1 + ) mg 5 4g g f = 5 5 2mp = T ( 2mg ) 2mp =

4mg (1 + ) 2 mg 5 2 g 3 g p= 5 5 p = 3 f 2g 5 25

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5.

(a)

Three smooth spheres, A, B and C, of mass 3m, 2m and m lie at rest on a smooth horizontal table with their centres in a straight line. Sphere A is projected towards B with speed 5 m s 1. Sphere A collides directly with B and then B collides directly with C. The coefficient of restitution between the spheres is e. Show that if e >
3 5 there will be no further collisions. 2

PCM NEL

3m ( 5 ) + 2m(0) = 3mv1 + 2mv2 v1 v2 = e ( 5 0 ) v1 = 3 2e v2 = 3 + 3e

5 5

PCM NEL

2m ( v2 ) + m(0) = 2mv3 + mv4 v3 v4 = e ( v2 0 ) v3 =

v2 ( 2 e ) = (1 + e )( 2 e ) 3 2v2 v4 = (1 + e ) = 2 (1 + e )(1 + e ) 3 v1 < v3 < v4 v1 < v3 if

3 2e < (1 + e )( 2 e ) 3 - 2e < 2 + e e 2 e 2 3e + 1 < 0 v1 < v3 3 5 3+ 5 <e< 2 2 3 5 if e > 2

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(b)

A smooth sphere P collides with an identical smooth sphere Q which is at rest. The velocity of P before impact makes an angle with the line of centres at impact, where 0 < 90. The velocity of P is deflected through an angle by the collision.

The coefficient of restitution between the spheres is Show that tan =

2 tan . 1 + 3 tan 2

1 . 3

PCM NEL

m(u cos ) + m(0 ) = mv1 + mv 2 v1 v 2 = 1 (u cos 0) 3

v1 =

u cos 3

tan ( + ) =

u sin v1

tan + tan 3u sin = 1 tan tan u cos = 3 tan tan + tan = 3 tan 3 tan 2 tan tan = 2 tan 1 + 3 tan 2 25

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6.

(a)

A particle of mass 05 kg is suspended from a fixed point P by a spring which executes simple harmonic motion with amplitude 02 m. The period of the motion is 2 seconds. Find
(i) (ii)

the maximum acceleration of the particle the greatest force exerted by the spring correct to one place of decimals.

(i )

=2 = 5

a = 2 A = 2 02 = (ii )

2
5

F = ma T mg = 05 T=

2
5

g 2 + 2 10 = 59 N

20

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(b)

A particle of mass m kg lies on the top of a smooth fixed sphere of radius 30 cm. The particle is slightly displaced and slides down the sphere. The particle leaves the sphere at B.
(i) (ii)

Find the speed of the particle at B. The horizontal distance, in metres, of the particle from the centre of the 5 sphere t seconds after it has left the surface of the sphere is + kt. 10 Find the value of k correct to two places of decimals.

(i)

1 2

mv 2 = mg ( 03 03cos ) v 2 = 06 g (1 cos ) 5

mg cos R =

mv 2 03 R = 0 v 2 = 03 g cos

03 g cos = 06 g (1 cos ) cos = 2 (1 cos ) cos = 2 3 5

v 2 = 03 g cos = 02 g v = 14 m s 1 (ii) x = 03sin + 14 cos t 5 2 + 14 t 3 3 5 28 = + t 10 3 14 k = = 093 15 = 03

5 5

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7.

(a)

A uniform wire ABC is bent at right angles at B. When it is suspended from B the parts AB and BC make angles of 30 and 60 respectively with the vertical. If the mass per unit length of the wire is m and AB = h BC find the value of h.

B 60 30 A C

mgh BC 1 2 h BC sin 30 = mg BC 1 2 BC sin 60 h2 1 3 = 2 2 h= 3

5, 5 5

= 1316

20

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7.

(b)

Two rough rings of equal weight W are a distance d apart on a horizontal rod. A light smooth inelastic string of length 2 connects the rings. Another ring of weight 2W slides on the string. The coefficient of friction between the rough rings and the rod is . Show that the system remains at rest if d < R1 R1 W d T T T T 2W 2 T cos = 2W T cos = W R1 = W + T cos = 2W d2 d d R1 = W + R1 2 4 2 2 d2 d d 2W = W + ( 2W ) 2 4 2 2 d2 4 d 2 = 16 2 2 4 2 d 2 d = 4 2 4 1 + 4 2 4 1 + 4
2

4 1 + 4 2

R2 R2 W

5, 5 5

d 2 (1 + 4 2 ) = 16 2 2
d = d <

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8.

(a)

Prove that the moment of inertia of a uniform circular disc, of mass m and 1 radius r, about an axis through its centre perpendicular to its plane is m r 2 . 2

Let M = mass per unit area mass of element = M{2 x dx} moment of inertia of the element = M{2 x dx} x 2 moment of inertia of the disc = 2 M 0 x 3 dx x4 = 2 M 4 0 r4 = M 2
2 =1 2 mr r r

5 5

20

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8.

(b)

A string is wrapped around a smooth pulley wheel of radius r. A particle of mass m is attached to the string. The axis of rotation of the wheel is horizontal, perpendicular to the wheel, and passes through the centre of the wheel. The moment of inertia of the wheel about the axis is I. The particle is released from rest and moves vertically downwards. (i) Find, in terms of I, m and r, the tension in the string. g (ii) If the acceleration of the particle is , find the mass of the pulley 5 wheel in terms of m. m

(i)

1 2 1 2

2 I 2 + 1 2 mv = mgh

v2 1 2 + 2 mv = mgh r2 v 2 = u 2 + 2 fs = 0 + 2 fh

1 2

2 fh 1 + 2 m(2 fh ) = mgh r2 I f 2 + m = mg r
f =

I +m r2

mg

mgr 2 I + mr 2

mg T = mf T = mg mf
mr 2 = mg 1 2 I + mr mgI T= I + mr 2

(ii)

mgr 2 g = 2 5 I + mr 2 2 5mr = I + mr f =
2 4mr 2 = 1 2 Mr

M = 8m

30

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9.

(a)

Stainless steel is an alloy of iron, chromium and nickel. A piece of stainless steel consists of 70% iron, 20% chromium and 10% nickel by volume. The relative densities of iron, chromium and nickel are 78, 72 and 89 respectively. Find the relative density of stainless steel.

mI + mC + mN = mSS 7800 07V + 7200 02V + 8900 01V = V

5 5, 5

= 7790
s = 779

20

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(b) A uniform rod, of length 2 m and weight W, is freely hinged at a point P.

04 m

The rod of relative density 0756 is free to move about a horizontal axis through P. The other end of the rod is immersed in a liquid of relative density 09. The point P is 04 m above the surface of the liquid. The rod is in equilibrium and is inclined at an angle of to the vertical. Find
(i) (ii)

the length of the immersed part of the rod the value of . P B x W

04 m

(i)

B=

x 2

W 09 0.756

x W 1sin = B 2 sin 2 W =
x 2

5, 5

W 09 x 2 0756 2 5

x 168 = x 2 2 2 x 4 x + 336 = 0
x = 12 m.

(ii)

cos =

04 1 = 2 12 2 5 30

= 60

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10.

(a)

Newtons law of cooling states that the rate of cooling of a body is proportional to the difference between the temperature of a body and the temperature of its surroundings. If is the difference between the temperature of a body and the temperature of its surroundings then d = k . dt A body cools from 80 C to 60 C in 10 minutes. The temperature of the surroundings is maintained at 20 C. Find
(i) (ii)

the value of k the temperature of the body after a further 15 minutes.

(i) 1

d = k dt

40 60

d 1

k dt
10 0

5 dt
10

[ ln ] 60

d = k
40

kt ] 0

ln 40 ln 60 = 10k 60 10k = ln 40
k=

1 ln15 = 00405 10
15

5 5

(ii)

[ln ] 40
ln

20

kt ] 0

20

= 15k 40 20 = e 06075 40 20 = 217884

= 418

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10

(b)

A particle of mass m is fired horizontally through a block of resistive gel. The resistance to motion is mkv2 N when v m s1 is the speed. The particle enters 1 the gel at a speed of 1000 m s1 and seconds later exits the gel at a speed 100 of 10 m s1. 99 (i) Show that k = . 10 dt 1 (ii) Use the fact that = ln(9900t + 1) + C or otherwise to 9900t + 1 9900 10 show that the length of the block of gel is ln100 m. 99

(i )

10 1000

1 dv = k v2
10

dv = kv 2 dt
001 0

5 dt 5 5

01 1 = [ kt ] 0 v 1000 1 1 + = k 001 10 1000 99 k = 10

(ii )

10 1000

dv = kv 2 dx 99 = v2 10 1 99 x dv = dx 10 0 v v
10

[ ln v ] 1000
ln

99 x 10

10 = 1000

99 x 10 10 x = ln100 99

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